Answers

Chapter 1
SkillCheck Exercise 1-04
1 a 500 b 2 c 1400 1 a 12 mm b 16 cm c 8m
d 6.2 e 8.5 f 0.012 d 15 mm e 18 cm f 12 mm
2 a 16 b 106.09 c 34 2 a 18.1 cm b 14.4 cm c 93.7 cm
d 28 e 7 f 11 d 24.1 m e 35.0 cm f 48.4 m
pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi
3 a 2.5 b 831.9 c 372.7 3 a 5031 cm b 5520 m or 4 345 m
pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi pffiffiffiffiffi pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi
4 a 28.78 b 7.95 c 536.86 c 1344 m or 8 21 m d 10:32 cm
pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi
5 a 25 cm b 28 cm c 76 mm e 14:03 m f 37127 m
6 a 40 cm2 b 49 cm2 c 100 mm2 4 B 5 B 6 C
7 10.39 cm 8 212 mm or 21.2 cm
Exercise 1-01
Mental skills 1A
1 a 16 b 256 c 39.69 d 0.49
e 163.84 f 0.0004 g 1 h 81
i 169 j 1.44 k 34 l 449
2 a 895.4 b 37 c 83.1 d 4200
m 165 n 44 o 0.25 p 7.99 e 5271.6 f 1561 g 31 840 h 6430
2 a 14 b 30 c 25 d 19 i 22.4 j 48.94 k 7389 l 1142
e 1.3 f 1.7 g 3.2 h 12.5 4a 73.34 b 0.94 c 6.52 d 0.104
3 a 3.46 b 21.21 c 31.64 d 18.03 e 0.704 f 1.985 g 0.02 h 4.159
e 12.37 f 83.68 g 30.63 h 6.48 i 12.3 j 0.007 58 k 0.0849 l 0.0251
4 C
5 a 8.60 b 12.53 c 12.04 d 7.42 Exercise 1-05
6 a 4.5 b 10.3 c 31.5
1 D 2 B
7 C 8 B
pffiffiffiffiffi pffiffiffiffiffi pffiffiffiffiffiffiffi pffiffiffiffiffi pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi 3 a 21.0 cm b 4.7 m c 120.0 mm d 11.9 cm
9 32, 33, 4:9, 52, 200
e 27.1 mm f 28.0 m g 8.5 cm h 1.9 m
i 40.1 m j 4.0 m k 11.7 cm l 13.9 m
Exercise 1-02 pffiffiffiffiffi
4 21 m 5 66 cm 6 92.2 km 7 7m
pffiffiffiffiffi
1 D 8 a 5 b 58
2 a p b z c c 9 a 15.81 cm b 11.79 m c 40 mm
pffiffiffiffiffi
d PR e ST f TU 10 a 38.3 cm b 12.21 c 31
3 a 27 mm b 43 mm c 39 mm d 43 mm 11 110 mm
e 43 mm f 56 mm g 47 mm
4 a k2 ¼ m2 þ n2 b d2 ¼ p2 þ c2 c x2 ¼ w2 þ y2 Exercise 1-06
2 2 2 2 2 2
d k ¼h þt e z ¼c þr f q2 ¼ f 2 þ d2
1 a Yes b Yes c No d Yes
5 a A b C c C d C
e No f Yes g No h Yes
6 a 52 ¼ 42 þ 32 b 132 ¼ 122 þ 52
i No j Yes k No l Yes
c 12.52 ¼ 102 þ 7.52 d 172 ¼ 152 þ 82
2 2
e 6.5 ¼ 2.5 þ 6 2
f 102 ¼ 82 þ 62 2 302 ¼ 900
172 þ 212 ¼ 730 6¼ 900
3 C 4 B
Exercise 1-03
1 a 10 cm b 13 m c 30 cm d 37 cm Exercise 1-07
e 26 mm f 34 cm g 20 cm h 5.8 m
i 25 cm j 20.5 m k 61 mm l 19.5 m 1 a Yes b Yes c Yes
pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi d No e Yes f No
2 a 325 cm b 377 cm c 3541 mm
pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi g Yes h Yes i No
d 4405 mm e 117 cm f 4122 mm
3 a 82.9 mm b 2.6 m c 107.4 mm 2 D 3 Check with a spreadsheet.
d 30.6 cm e 6.5 m f 85.4 mm 4 Teacher to check.
pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi 5 a b ¼ 12, c ¼ 13
4 B 5 22:81 m 6 3.4 m pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi
7 a 69.1 cm b 4.4 m c 13.4 cm or 134 mm b 122 þ 52 ¼ 169 ¼ 13 [ (5, 12, 13) is a triad.
d 179.6 mm e 4.4 m f 6.26 m

580 9780170193047
 Answers

6 a (7, 24, 25) b (11, 60, 61) c (15, 112, 113) 10 168 cm
d (4, 7.5, 8.5) e (9, 40, 41) f (19, 180, 181) 11 a
g (10, 49.5, 50.5) h (51, 1300, 1301)
7 Research N

Exercise 1-08
P 6 km
1 4.7 m
2 a 257 m b 182 m c 75 m
3 637.1 m 4 752 m
4 km
5 a 21.8 m b 23 m
6 10.5 m 7 4.43 m
8 a 4.387 m b 6.652 m
9 25.5 m
b 7.2 km
10 a 48 cm b 31.4 cm c 170 cm
12 a No b Yes c Yes
d 6.5 m e 35.9 cm f 127.9 mm
13 a Yes b No c Yes d Yes
11 a 192 cm2 b 95.0 cm2 c 84 mm2
14 a 432 m b 1.296 km
d 1.3 m2 e 108 m2 f 22 m2
15 B 16 48.5 cm
12 23.09 cm

Mental skills 1B Chapter 2

2 a 16 000 b 210 c 9900 d 600
SkillCheck
e 16 000 f 400 g 490 h 52 1 a 56 b 7 c 7 d 7
i 1500 j 1160 k 180 l 13 200 e 54 f 1 g 54 h 28
4a 8 b 5 c 8 d 22 i 48 j 9 k 36 l 0
e 4 f 50 g 9 h 9.3 m 4 n 7 o 35 p 9
1 9 9
i 8.5 j 4.23 k 9.6 l 24 2 a 2 b 10 c 20 d 1 25
3 a 16 b 31 c 0
d 4 e 20 f 10
Power plus
4 a 25% b 30% c 7% d 60%
pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi pffiffiffi
1 BD, BC, CE, DE, CD 2 128 m or 8 2 m
3 a 22.6 b 10.6 Exercise 2-01
4 a 16.2 m b 16.9 m 1 a < b < c > d >
5 5.8 2 13, 5, 1, 0, 2, 8 3 6, 2, 2, 7, 10, 15
6 a 21.21 cm b 25.98 cm 4 a 3 b 2 c 8 d 4
pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi pffiffiffiffiffi
7 340 cm or 2 85 cm e 4 f 5 g 15 h 4
i 20 j 9 k 18 l 0
Chapter 1 revision m 8 n 7 o 8 p 18
5 10C
1 a 72.25 b 36 c 202 6 a 74 b 73
2 a 12.08 b 13.42 c 21.75 7 a Teacher to check, for example, 5 and 3, 4 and 6, etc.
3 a BC b q c EG b Teacher to check, for example, 7 and 10, 5 and 2.
4 a (AB)2 þ (AC)2 ¼ (BC)2 b n2 þ p2 ¼ q2 8 Teacher to check, for example, 5 and 10, 9 and 6. More
c (EF)2 þ (FG)2 ¼ (EG)2 than one answer.
5 B 9 a 15 b 8 c 80 d 60
pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi
6 a 175 mm b 113 mm c 98:72 m e 81 f 240 g 196 h 450
7 B i 5 j 16 k 8 l 6
8 a 34.9 m b 12.2 cm c 824.9 m m 4 n 20 o 6 p 13
pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi pffiffiffiffiffi pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi
9 a 161 cm b 244 m or 2 61 m c 649 mm

9780170193047 581
 Answers

10 a 56 b 20 c 22 d 100 3 a B b C c C
e 9 f 20 g 13 h 12 4 a 78 b 34 c 78
i 20 j 80 k 3 l 64 5 a 67, 34, 35 b 23, 12, 11
5
c 78, 17 4
20, 5
m 11 n 32 o 3 p 19 6
q 20 r 4 0 1 1 3 4 1
3 2 4 5
11 a Teacher to check, for example, 4 and 5, 10 and 2.
7 Teacher to check, for example, 19
30.
b Teacher to check, for example, 20 and 5, 8 and 2.
8 a 23 b 34 c 5
11 d 4
5
5 1 11 7
9 a 121 b 110 c d
Exercise 2-02 36 30
3 1 4 43
e 140 f 12 g 33 h 100
1 a 0.029 b 0.03 c 0.8 d 0.57 3 1 2
i 420 j 830 k 115 l 222
35
e 0.456 f 0.0092 g 0.009 h 0.0124
15 3 1
2 a 207 1
b 125 c 25 d 1017000 10 a 28 b 10 c 42 d 423
7 7
3 a 0.7, 0.7007, 0.707, 7.007 b 0.002, 0.022 02, 0.202, 0.22 e 12 f 21 g 36 h 625
4 a 6.33, 6.3033, 6.1, 6.03, 6.003 b 3.66, 3.606, 3.6, 3.0667 i 8m j 15 L k $350 l 57 kg
5 Teacher to check, for example, 5.32, 5.35, 5.37. m 534 n 1411 o 1 p 614
15
6 a 7.96 b 17.801 c 1.221 d 28.14
11 a 112 b 5
6 c 3
35 d 127
e 16.74 f 36.982 g 2.718 h 18.544
5 45
i 249.967 j 18.56 k 15.521 l 45.593 e 8 f 64 g 318 h 249
9
7 Teacher to check, for example, 8.15 and 3.6. 12 210 13 1012 14 234 h
8 a 8.3 and 7.1 b 38.6 15 14 lessons 16 1
8
9 a 2.15 m b 58.59 s c 3.94 s
17 a Teacher to check, for example, 423 and 556.
10 a 72.3 b 1501.2 c 53.2
d 8920 e 0.3567 f 0.97 b Teacher to check, for example, 412 and 213.
g 0.0987 h 0.2345 i 0.000 54 18 924 students 19 4 min 27 s
11 a 9.2 b 0.72 c 2.092
d 0.024 e 0.0333 f 0.25 Mental skills 2A
12 a 6.9 b 6.04 c 0.52
d 1.5 e 16 f 200.01 2 a 625 b 3025 c 2025 d 7225
13 a 0.009 b 15.4 c 0.246 e 13 225 f 56.25 g 9025 h 38 025
14 C i 2.25 j 4225 k 24 025 l 60 025
15 a 55.35 b 325.8 c 5.0 4a 441 b 10 201 c 961 d 8281
d 0.070 e 201 e 23.855 e 26.01 f 6561 g 3721 h 40 401
f 20 h 46.1 i 7.60 i 1.21 j 16.81
j 245.7 k 36.00 l 301.984 6a 3481 b 4761 c 7921 d 361
16 A 17 a 8.525 b 8.534 e 11 881 f 24.01 g 6241 h 141.61
18 James’ answer is more correct as he multiplied the numbers i 1521 j 98.01
and then rounded the answer while Aditi rounded the
numbers before multiplying and also rounded her answer
Exercise 2-05
after multiplying.
3 9 21 1
1 a 50 b 20 c 25 d 50
Exercise 2-03 e 1
200 f 112 g 51
100 h 9
200
7 1 1 19
1 a 0:16_ b 0:27 _ 3_ c 0:8_ d 0:209_ i 80 j 3 k 8 l 400
1 11 3 1
2 a 0.109 810 98… b 0.171 717 17… m 16 n 200 o 10 p 6
c 0.255 55… d 8.318 318… 2 a 0.85 b 0.051 c 0.1 d 0.0845
3 a 0.875 (t) b 0:2_ 7_ (r) c 4:8_ (r) d 2.6 (t) e 0.065 f 0.1225 g 0.004 h 4.5
e 0.76 (t) f 0:6_ (r) g 0.65 (t) h 1:583_ (r) 3 a 7% b 2.375% c 48% d 5.5%
i 8.325 (t) j 0:7083_ (r) e 72% f 1.6% g 66 23% h 75%
4 a 0:3_ b i 23 ii 99 ¼ 1 i 44% j 73% k 20% l 7
63 11 %
m 101.5% n 16 23% o 90% p 90%
Exercise 2-04 4 a F b T c T d T
5 a 2 _ 3 b 70%, 29 8
1 a 21 b 17 c 14 d 119 5, 0:427, 7, 46% 40, 11, 0.73
8 2 3 20
4 1 4
2 a 213 b 147 c 315 7
d 310 6 a 11, 3, 33.33%, 0.333 b 7, 55%, 12, 0.58

582 9780170193047
 Answers

Exercise 2-06 Exercise 2-09

1 a $12.75 b 72 kg c 7.2 m d $8.40 1 a 12 : 7 b 5 : 12 c 25 : 12 d 3:2
e $4.20 f 11.4 kg g $21.75 h 24 L e 124 : 39 f 12 : 5 g 17 : 6 h 5 : 18
i $106.88 j $2180 k 1.5625 t l $14.88 i 25 : 4 j 15 : 16 k 15 : 2 l 5:6:2
2 a 29% b 24534 m 3:4:1 n 6:1:4 o 5 : 18 p 1:2
3 186 4 140 g 5 106.25 kg 2 a 3 : 16 b 25 : 4 c 8:3
6 a $500.50 b $92.40 c $2040 d 3 : 10 e 1:3 f 1:5
d 82 kg e 45.5 m f 288 L g 3 : 20 h 14 : 1 i 8:1
7 a $539.50 b 114 min c 79.2 L 3 9 4 $312 000 5 16
d 5.1 m e 97.5 kg f $86.85 6 20 m3 gravel, 15 m3 sand, 5 m3 cement 7 1125
8 a $43 b $903 8 a i 3:5 ii 3 : 1 b 29.2 g
9 $20.90 10 $6.69/kg 11 $944.23 12 $14 520 9 Shahid $27 600, Bridie $32 400
13 a 68.8% b 66.7% c 64.3% d 83.3% 10 D
e 66.7% f 15% g 14.6% h 12.5% 11 a 67.5 km/h b $8.40/kg c 56 words/min
i 17% j 12.5% k 17% l 14% d 12.1 km/L e 7.7 m/s f 41.7 g/m2
14 English 80%, Maths 78%. English is the better mark. g 22.5 km/day h $71.67/h
15 33.3% 16 19.79% 17 $1100 18 $1060 12 a 162.5 km b 552.5 km
19 $8400 20 750 g 21 $83 654 13 a $27.50/h b $1100 c 8 days
14 a $15.99/kg b $47.97 c 2.5 kg
Exercise 2-07 15 a 74.24 L b 6.728 L c 16.24 L
16 3.9 L/100 km 17 32 500
1 a $600 b 92.3%
18 a 4680 beats/ hour b 12 min 49 seconds
2 a $1500 b 9.375%
19 A
3 a $4500 b $1700 c 37.8%
20 a 129.7 persons/km2 b 3.0 persons/km2
4 a $130 000 b 15.3%
c 997 652 400
5 40% 6 3313% 7 9123%
8 a $1.56 b $1.95 c $7.15 d $10.39
9 C 10 C 11 $16.58 12 23.5% Exercise 2-10
13 21.8% 14 a 31.25% b 48.7%
1 a 18 000 m/h b 108 000 m/h c $0.01/g
15 $140 16 $3295 17 B 18 $289
d 1200 mL/h e 2400 mL/h f 18 000 m/h
19 a $2090, $22 990 b $181, $1991
g 50 000 kg/ha h 2500 kg/day i $39 000/year
c $14.50, $159.50 d $18, $198
j 30 km/h k 360 sheep/day l $420/week
20 a $1.90, $19 b $67.20, $672 c $2.85, $28.50
2 a 18 km/h b 1260 m/h c $100/kg
d $5.99, $59.90 e $84, $840 f $18, $180
d 2.4 L/h e 666.7 mL/s f 432 L/day
21 a $1329.30 b $1262.84 c $636.17 d 33.5%
g 250 kg/ha h 60 000 kg/day i 30.5_ m/s
22 a $599 b $509.15 c $483.69 d $479.20
j 50 g/cm k 8 m/mL l $42/h
e No, the 15% discount followed by the 5% discount is the
3 a 97.2 km/h b 349.2 km/h c 11.88 km/h
same as a 19.25% discount.
d 108 km/h e 82.8 km/h
Exercise 2-08 4 a 15 m b 20 m c 27.5 m
1 a $6300 b $300.96 c $660
d $708.75 e $2529.60 f $1825 Exercise 2-11
2 $21 386
3 a $94.50 b $46.72 c $254.79 1 a 7h b 7h c 3 h 30 min
d $305.67 e $13 407.69 f $1185.67 d 4 h 40 min e 8 h 43 min f 6 h 20 min
4 a 6.3% p.a. b 7.7% p.a. c 4.7% p.a. g 18 h 30 min h 4 h 47 min i 22 h 56 min
5 6 years 6 100 months 7 144 days 2 a 03:40 b 17:00 c 00:35
8 a $1400 b 10% p.a. d 07:18 e 21:51 f 12:24
9 a $6144 b $2144 c 13.4% p.a. 3 a 10:15 p.m. b 8:30 a.m. c 1:44 p.m.
d 6:52 p.m. e 2:05 a.m. f 7:27 p.m.
4 a 8h b 6 h 30 min c 6 h 15 min
Mental skills 2B
d 11 h 22 min e 14 h 8 min f 1 h 15 min
g 3 h 6 min h 4 h 24 min i 5 h 37 min
2 a 2.8 b 4.2 c 5.3 d 10.5
5 a 12 h b 10 h 30 min c 37 h d 14 h 30 min
e 8.9 f 5.6 g 3.5 h 8.1
i 8.7 j 5.4 k 6.3 l 11.2

9780170193047 583
 Answers

6 a 1:10 p.m. b 9:50 p.m. c 3:33 a.m. 4 a 11n b 6h c 9pq d 5x2

d 15:50 e 22:35 f 22:15 e 4w f 40x g 6gh h 18y2
7 a 10:35 p.m. b 9:45 a.m. c 9:10 a.m. d 1:40 p.m. i 5x j 6 k 2y l n2
8 a 1 h 52 min b 10:22 p.m. c 11:23 a.m. 5 a 1, 2, 3, 6 b 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 18
9 2:19 p.m. 10 C c 1, 5, 25 d 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 48
6 a 4 b 9 c 15
11 1 3
Power plus 7 a 15 b 12 c 16 d 1 15
1 3 16 7
e 2 f 8 g 35 h 1 40
17 9 19
1 A¼ B¼ C¼80, 40, 802 $21 000
_
3 44:4% 4 $8.32 Exercise 3-01
5 a 666.667 L
b 3 decimal places as measuring cups do not have a mL scale. 1 a þ b  c þ d 3
6 $108 7 11.1 sec 8 25 : 28 e 4 f  g 3 h 
D
9 Jordan arrives first. Jordan takes 50 D
h and James takes 48 h, i þ j  k 3 l 4
where D is the distance travelled. m  n þ o  p 4
10 a 20 years b 20 years 2 a L b M c B d P
e H f I g D h F
i N j G k E l Q
Chapter 2 revision m O n A o J p K
q C
1 a 3 b 5 c 21 3 a xþ5 b m3 c 4k
d 25 e 4 f 7 d 20
e 7þd f hk
w
2 4.001, 0.401, 0.056 35, 0.0483 5a
g 9g  4y h 4 i 3d  2w
3 a 12.56 b 7.718 c 21 d 0.1035
2 t
e 1.2565 f 1609 g 7432 h 3.457 j k k r l 2q  7p
d gh
i 0.0605 j 341 000 k 856 030 l 0.000 846 m 2a  2 n 2 þ 5 o 3
4 D 5 4.995 6 0:3_ 6_ 7 2
5 p 3n  7 q 2n  4 r 10  b
7 7 6
8 a 140 b 33 c 135 4 a 3t þ 5 b 3(t þ 5) c 7w  4 d 7(w  4)
5
d 16 e $130.40 f 1 13 e kþ8
f k
þ8 g d
2 h d2
5 5 6 6
g 6 23 6
h 2 25 i 17
30 5 Teacher to check.
37 1 2 37
9 a 50 b 200 c 3 d 250 6 a 16 þ y b 16  k
10 a 0.214 b 0.45 c 0:083_ d 0.002 7 D
11 a 24.5% b 87.5% c 127.5% d 76% 8 a $pQ b $(40 þ t) c 1000h m
mþpþvþw y
12 a $243.60 b 7.425 kg c $8.77 d 4 e $100 f $(950  x)
13 a 162 L b $21.88 g $(72  12w) h 100
$n i (2a þ 2b) cm
14 a 8 13% b 16 23% j s2 mm2
15 295 runs 16 D 9 a 25 b 180  a  b

17 a $380 000 b 152% 10 a 55 b ð180xÞ
2
18 $272.73 11 a dþ2 b dþ1
19 a $1932 b $54.46 12 a 12 b 8 c xþ1 d nþ5
20 13% 13 a 8, 9, 10, 11 b 3, 2, 1, 0
21 a 4:9 b 7 : 400 c 20 : 3 c y þ 4, y þ 5, y þ 6, y þ 7 d n  4, n  3, n  2, n  1
22 Bill: $476 190.48, Ben: $323 809.52 14 a 5, 7, 9, 11 b 29, 31, 33, 35
23 a 83 km/h b 332 km c 12 h c t, t þ 2, t þ 4, t þ 6 d k  1, k þ 1, k þ 3, k þ 5
24 a 2880 mL/h b 0.14 kg/m2 c 8 13 m/s d 24 cm/min
25 a 10 h 10 min b 11 h 47 min Exercise 3-02

Chapter 3 1 a 10 b 18 c 0 d 17
2 a 36 b 225 c 64 d 225
SkillCheck 3 a 16 b 8 c 3 d 28
4 a 8 b 10 12 c 0 d 8
1 a mþn b mn c nþ5 d 5n
5 a 8 b 17 c 3 d 30
2 a 10 b 12 c 16 d 160
6 a 7.5 b 26 c 24
3 a like b like c like d unlike
d 2 e 9 f 18

584 9780170193047
 Answers

7 a 4 b 5 c 15 d 5 Exercise 3-05

e 17 f 1 g 0 h 2
3w 11k m
i 1 j 20 k 21 l 1 1 a 4 b 8 c 2 d x
8 14.4 cm 9 100 cm2 10 91 cm3 11 90 cm2 e 9
q f 1
d g 5r
w h 3
c
12 128 13 B 14 4.1 15 31.25 4tþs 2y 1 3
i 3 j h k a l e
pþ3 u 1 2e
m z n 4g o 3f p 5
Exercise 3-03 q 5a
r 2
s 4
t 1
3 d k a
7x 4s 8h
1 a 11y b 5m c 11t 2 a 12 b 21 c 15 d  5m
14
d 14q e 3g f 2r 2 e 9w
f 17t
g 11p
h 5r
20 20 15 6
g 0 h 5xy i 4n2 13c 6d11r 9hþ10a 25þ24w
i 10 j 33 k 15 l 30
2 a fg b 9uvw c 8t þ 3 21þ8a 5e 7m2n 12kþ5m
m 28 n 24 o 14 p 30
d 3x þ 10y e 2g þ h f 3f  2fg
g 5p2  3 h 4p  4q i 3  2r
j 10a þ 4b k 6v þ 10 l 3x þ 3y Exercise 3-06
m 6p þ 7q n 15  5w o 2  10n 1 a w
b st
c 5
d 12
6 20 2hk mn
p 6e  7f q 5l2  4l r 6b2  6b 5l 2 6 ac
e 3f f 3v2 g x2 h bd
3 C d d2 2 12
i j k l
4 a correct b incorrect c incorrect d correct g 36 3 5k 2
3u 2
e correct f incorrect g correct h incorrect m 5 n 1 o 3d
i correct j correct 5 m q
2 a 2 b 2n c 4 d 3
5 a 4m þ 6p b 16d c 4x þ 5y e 3d
f 20
g 3
h 9
10 27 5 b
d 6p þ 3 e 90h f 12a þ 18c 15 h2 11
i 2 j k2 k 12 l 8
6 Teacher to check. 7 Teacher to check. 5u
m 9 n 6 o x
6 12 3 5
Exercise 3-04 3 a p b 35 c 20y d 4
5x c 25b 4t
e z f 3b g 3 h 27
1 a 40x b 15n c 5ab d 6t 2 2 50p2 t 2s 1
i 3n j 7 k 35 l 6h2
e 12w f 6p g 12ed h 24vw 2yh 3af 2
i 64q 2 j 20a 2 k 24by l 36w 2 m 25y 2 n 9 o 25

m 25n 2 n 9r 2 o a 2t 2
2 a 4x b 15 c 9 d 3n Exercise 3-07
1
e f 4ac g 6 h 5z
6
1 r
1 a 3x þ 15 b 8e þ 72 c 2n 2 þ 6n
i 5q j 3yz k l 6k
4 2 a 4h þ 24 b 15 þ 5t c 6b þ 21
3 C
d 40 þ 15x e x2 þ 9x f 5p þ p2
4 a 30abc b 24pq c 8n d 15
g 6r 2 þ 3r h 4y þ 12y 2 i 20e 2 þ 40ef
e 36hk f 40k 2 g d2 h 17
3 a 10b  20 b 12y  18 c 20t 2  16t
i 11m j 1
k 4ac l 6e 2f 2
5 4 a 3t  6 b 35  7d c 64g  24
5 a correct b incorrect c correct d incorrect
d w 2  7w e a2  a f 18h 2  6h
e correct f correct g correct h incorrect
g 12x 2  4x h 10x 2  20xy i 12ab  21a 2
i correct j correct
5 a incorrect b correct c correct
6 a 6ad b 25m 2 c 5hk
6 a a þ 5 b a  5 c 2x  12
d 12py e 3a 2 f 10ck
d 2x þ 12 e 11  w f 11 þ w
7 a 8m3 b 60dty c 12kw 2
g y 2  9y h 8x þ xz i 4t 2 þ 32t
7 C
Mental skills 3A 8 a 19m þ 10 b 3  9e c 10
d 43  10x e t 2 þ 7t þ 12 f 12 þ 11h  2h2
2 a 160 b 70 c 240 d 900 g 6x 2 þ 23x þ 20 h 2v 2  3v  6 i w 2  8w þ 3
e 2600 f 900 g 140 h 300 j 6y 2  29y þ 35
i 180 j 770 k 18 l 34
m 46 n 26 o 18 p 12 Exercise 3-08
q 40 r 8 s 14 t 24
1 a 6 b 8 c 5
d 3 e m f c
g 6p h 8w i (x  5)

9780170193047 585
 Answers

2 a 4(a þ 3) b a(a þ 10) c 10(b  4) Power plus

d 9(p2  q2) e 6(3p2 þ 4) f 3m(3m þ 1)
g 10d(2  3d) h 2xy(3x  4) i (x  2)(x þ 5) 1 a p þ 1, p þ 2, p þ 3 b w þ 2, w þ 3, w þ 4
j (3 þ n)(n  3) k (h þ 4)(h  2) l (1  w)(v þ 1) c 2n þ 2, 2n þ 3, 2n þ 4 d h  2, h  1, h
3 a 3( f þ 2) b 4(m  7) c 8(k  4) 2 a 13 b 80 c 15
3
d 9(n þ 3) e 8(2 þ 3t) f 6(2q  3) d 2 e 20 f 115
g 6(4x þ 5) h 9(4 þ 3a) i 16(g2  4) g 29 h 395 i 55
j y(x þ 1) k n(m  3) l p(6 þ q) 3 a u þ 4t b 2u þ 3t
m x(x þ 1) n y(2  y) o 3d(d þ 2) c 10u þ 14t d 4u 2 þ 8ut  2t 2
p 4r(4r  3) q 3t(2t þ 9) r 36p(p  3) 4 a 10a b 18 c 16m d 20p2
4 a 4x(3xy  4) b 2p(9p þ 8r) c 4mn(m  n) e 12h f 13t g 12x h 4c
d 7bc(2a þ 3) e 7vw(4  3vw) f 9rt(5 þ 6r) i 8r  1 j 16r
g 36pr(q2  4) h 16xy(3x þ 4y) i 25gh(3g2h  5) 5 a 2  2m b 3x 2  x c 9q  1
5 a (a  3)(a þ 6) b (8 þ t)(t  3) c (b þ 5)(b  2) d 5  5m e 4a2 þ 20a þ 25 f y 2  2y þ 2
d (2  y)(x  6) e (a  7)(5 þ b) f (a þ 3)(s þ 4) 6 5rþ6
2
g (g þ 5)(3p  2) h (2  3m)(5 þ 2n) i (8 þ r)(r þ 1) 7 a A ¼ y 2  5y b P ¼ 4y  10
j (y  6)(1  y) 8 5t hours
6 a 4(q þ 2) b 9(u  2) c 3(g  2) 9 a 4(2a þ 3b  1) b 5(4xy þ y  2x 2)
d 6(3a  2) e (n þ 1) f (n  1) c mt(m þ 1 þ t) d 4(8  6y þ y 2)
g y(y þ 9) h 2t(3  5t) i 3a(a þ 2b) e 4(3v 2 þ vw  4w 2) f 3(4 þ 3f þ 2f 2)
j a(p  q) k 2e(10e þ 11) l 3m(3  m) g 12(p þ q) h k4(3  t)
7 B

Chapter 3 revision
Mental skills 3B
1 a $nP b m3 c $(5A þ 8B)
2 a 176 b 363 c 261 d 405 d $(100  y) e 60H m
f 1000
e 682 f 707 g 1818 h 3564 g 4Q þ 5 h 4(5 þ Q) i Q
5
4
i 152 j 540 k 2142 l 588 Q5
j 4
m 288 n 693 o 3939 p 852
2 a 5 b 6 c 19 d 11
e 12 f 2.5 g 5 h 18
Exercise 3-09 3 a 16y b 3ab c 8x 2
1 a x 2 þ 18x þ 80 b a2 þ 9a þ 18 d 2p þ 2q e 6w  5 f 3x 2  13x
c 2d 2 þ 9d þ 10 d 12h 2 þ 31h þ 7 g 7m þ 10n h 3u þ 4 i 12d 2  2d þ 4
2 a w 2 þ 4w  5 b x 2 þ 3x  54 4 a 18n b 3gh c ad
c t 2  4t  32 d n 2  12n þ 35 d 6r e 4y f 2x
3 a 4y 2 þ 11y þ 15 b 3r 2 þ 17r þ 10 c 20k 2 þ 17k þ 3 g 4 h 3 i 4p
5h 2
d w 2  2w  15 e 3v 2 þ 11v  4 f p 2  8p þ 15 5 a 6 b k
2 c m d  3w
20
5k 5
4 a n2 þ 9n þ 18 b t 2 þ 11t þ 30 c p 2  100 e 6 f 3
2d g d15
5k h mþ1
d x 2  5x  24 e b2 þ 7b  18 f u 2  15u þ 56 6 a 20
b 3h
c 21
d 5
im k2 d 4
g 15 þ 14r  r 2 h a2  19a þ 90 i c 2  8c þ 15 5 2d p
e 2 f 1 g 5 h 3
j t2 þ t  2 k y 2 þ 6y  40 l n 2 þ 2n  99 10a 16 45a4 75a
i j k l
5 D 3 9 16bc 4y
2 2 2 2
6 a 2x þ 11x þ 15 b 12e þ 23e þ 10 7 a 5r  10 b a  10a c 6xy  15y
c 3p 2 þ 7p  10 d 49d 2  28d þ 4 d 12p 2  21pq e 6n 2 þ 54n f 6t 2  42t
e 6f 2 þ 4f  10 f 12m 2 þ 5m  25 g b2 þ 6b þ 5 h 6x 2  31x þ 35 i 30  12x
g 6 þ 7h  20h2 h 8p2  38p þ 35 8 a 4(m  3) b x(y þ z) c 3(g þ 10)
i 10m 2 þ 23m  12 j 6t 2 þ 7t  5 d 8w(2w þ 3) e 8(q  2) f 5k(3  2hk)
k 25y 2  25 l 4a 2 þ 24a  36 g (y  6)(3 þ y) h (2x  1)(3x  2) i (p þ 6)(p  2)
7 a (100 þ x) cm b (75 þ x) cm 9 a x 2 þ 13x þ 40 b 3d 2 þ 17d þ 20 c y 2 þ 2y  24
c A ¼ x 2 þ 175x þ 7500 cm2 d x 2 þ 175x 10 a a 2 þ 5a þ 6 b 2
y  4y  21 c t 2 þ 5t  24
e 17.51 cm2 d h 2  9h þ 20 e 12 þ g  g 2
f 6p2 þ 11p þ 3
8 a l ¼ 4 þ x, w ¼ 3 þ y b A ¼ (4 þ x)(3 þ y) g 20x 2  11x  3 h 12r þ r  20 i 6q 2 þ 13q  5
2

c A ¼ 12 þ 4y þ 3x þ xy d 3x þ 4y þ xy

586 9780170193047
 Answers

Mixed revision 1 4 a 35 b 33.2 c 5

5 a 85 b 16 c 3.9
1 a 0.8, terminating _
b 0:38461 _ recurring
5, 6 a 8h b 4h c 2h
c 0:4, _ recurring d 4.75, terminating 7 a 4 h 42 min b 2 h 15 min c 6 h 51 min
2 a 5m  2 b 20p þ m c 3n2  10n
3 a 2 b 5 c 13 d 2 Exercise 4-01
e 15 f 60 g 5 h 25
pffiffiffiffiffi pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi pffiffiffiffiffi 1 a opp ¼ 12, adj ¼ 5, hyp ¼ 13
4 98, 160, 52 5 8.30
b opp ¼ AC, adj ¼ AB, hyp ¼ BC
6 a g ¼ 24.2 b e ¼ 4.2 c k ¼ 21.2
c opp ¼ u, adj ¼ w, hyp ¼ v
7 2 11 8 B
12 d opp ¼ TR, adj ¼ ST, hyp ¼ SR
9 a 934.5 b 0.178 c 9300 d 0.2347
e opp ¼ y, adj ¼ z, hyp ¼ x
e 23.56 f 19.86 g 27.04 h 3.6
f opp ¼ 9, adj ¼ 40, hyp ¼ 41
i 36.8 j 4.02 k 113 l 2.25
2 a \K b \L c \M d \M e \L
10 5.85, 5.095, 0.59, 0.5867
3 C
11 a 6 b 8 c 12.5
4 a \u EF, \/ DE b \u 12, \/ 9 c \u f, \/ e
12 a r þ 7 b T  15 c 4k
5 a \u IJ, \/ HI b \u 27, \/ 36 c \u b, \/ c
d 10z e N  12 f a3
6 B
17 1
13 a 20 b 30 c 334 d 156 7 a b
e 12 f 5
g 15
h 4 A Y
35 24 16 15
3 5 2
14 ; ;
5 8 3 15 D
16 a 60% b 27% c 3
2711% d 8.5% θ α
C B Z X
17 a $102 b $35 c $23.45
18 a No, 502 6¼ 402 þ 142 b Yes, 252 ¼ 72 þ 242 c Q R
c Yes, 6.12 ¼ 1.12 þ 62
19 a $80.80 b 40.8 L
20 $385
21 a 10 b 50 c 1 d 24 P
e 1 f 7 d D E
22 a 8a3 b 40p2d c 27b3d 2
wv 2
23 a 3m b 3xy c 2
3 isosceles
24 a 20 b 0.002
right-angled
25 126.3% triangle
26 a 5 : 3 b 4:1 c 85 words/min
27 2.3 m F
28 a 110.5 kg b $5.25
29 a 40  8x b 6h  21h2 c 18cd  27c2
30 a 22w  2 b 1  16k c 26t  23 Exercise 4-02
31 Klaas $90, David $150, Sarah $210
1 a sin y ¼ 55
73 cos y ¼ 48
73 tan y ¼ 55
48
32 40 320 km/h
33 a 6d b 13t c n b sin y ¼ fe cos y ¼ gf tan y ¼ ge
11 20 30
ST RS
34 a 5a
b 4
c 2 c sin R ¼ RT cos R ¼ RT tan R ¼ ST
RS
6m 7 3
p ffiffiffiffiffi d sin a¼k n
cos a¼ km
tan a ¼ mn
35 a 74 cm
36 $1875 e sin M ¼ 3:68:5 cos M ¼ 7:7
8:5 tan M ¼ 3:6
7:7
37 a p2  4p  32 2
b 6n þ 13n þ 5 c 49  y 2
f sin W ¼ WY XY
cos W ¼ WXWY
XY
tan W ¼ WX
38 B
2 a 45 b 43 c 35 d 4
39 a 3(p  5) b (m þ 4)(5  t) c 4xy(2x þ 3) 5
3 a a b b c b
d a e a f b
Chapter 4 4 a i 24
7
7
ii 25 iii 24
25 iv 7
24
u v u v
SkillCheck b i v ii w iii w iv u
FG FH FG FH
c i FH ii HG iii HG iv FG
1 a 35 b 34 c 25 84 13 84 13
d i 13 ii 85 iii 85 iv 84
2 a 0.375 b 0.714 c 0.222
3 a AC b w c PQ

9780170193047 587
 Answers

e i b
ii c
iii b
iv c 4 a 55300 b 1490 c 72230 d 33460
c a a b
QS RS QS RS e 66250 f 7530 g 2870 h 3130
f i RS ii QR iii QR iv QS
i 34270 j 7150 k 5290 l 69270
5 a tan Y ¼ 60
11 b tan X ¼ 11
60 5 a 52 b 14 c 52 d 60
c sin X ¼ 11
60, or cos Y ¼ 11
60 d cos X ¼ 60
61, or sin Y ¼ 60
61 e 33 f 28 g 36 h 89
6 C 7 A
8 a b
13
Mental skills 4
5 3
5
2 a 330 b 160 c 1580 d 260
A e 420 f 200 g 420 h 740
12
B i 6400 j 16 000 k 300 l 70
5 cos A = 12 4
sin A = -----, -----
13 13 4a 29 b 15 c 180 d 400 e 3
cos B = 45 , tan B = 3
4 f 4 g 20 h 4 i 6 j 25
c X d
Exercise 4-05
41 25
9 7 1 a tan y b cos y c tan y
d sin y e tan y f cos y
40 Y 2 a 27.63 b 24.44 c 8.78
40 40 24
sin X = 41
, tan X= 9 d 31.17 e 38.71 f 53.02
24 7 3 a 66.5 b 1.9 c 17.2
cos Y = 25
, tan Y = 24
d 47.4 e 31.3 f 251.0
Exercise 4-03 4 a 16.63 b 57.75 c 8.97
d 7.38 e 114.80 f 265.25
1 a Teacher to check. 5 a 167.7 b 131.0 c 618.3
b All are approximately the same (0.9).
d 2.2 e 24.5 f 3.5
c The table answer is an approximation of the calculator
6 B
answer.
7 a 228.2 cm b 141.4 m c 671.4 m
d All are approximately the same (0.5).
d 1053.1 cm e i 10 km ii 17.3 km
e The table answer is an approximation of the calculator
8 C 9 R
answer.
f All are approximately the same (1.7). 14.8 m 56°
g The table answer is an approximation of the calculator
answer. 27°
A B M N
2 a Teacher to check. 19 cm
AB = 12.3 m
b The table answer is an approximation of the calculator MR = 10 cm
answer. 10 Y 11 H
c The table answer is an approximation of the calculator
43.7° 76°
answer. 8.34 m 13.9 m
d The table answer is an approximation of the calculator
answer.
X W
3 Teacher to check. XW= 5.76 m A K
HK = 3.4 m

Exercise 4-04 12 9.33 m or 933 cm 13 5.738 m or 5738 mm 14 48 m

15 364 m by 265 m 16 0.47 m 17 5.1 m
1 a 28 b 41 c 19 d 33 18 C 19 89 m
e 34 f 56 g 30 h 44
2 a 68400 b 54220 c 68400 d 18300
e 9110 f 47590 g 3460 h 57100
Exercise 4-06
3 a 9.51 b 0.97 c 1.07 d 0.54
e 0.97 f 0.50 g 0.83 h 0.95 1 a 102.3 b 62.9 c 96.4
i 29.86 j 11.61 k 32.97 l 10.26 d 21.5 e 245.5 f 378.3
m 47.09 n 9.56 o 3.79 p 32.96 2 325 mm 3 12 m
q 19.84 r 246.59 s 12.28 t 16.83

588 9780170193047
 Answers

4 a 88.97 b 1188.24 c 45.70 d 187.70 6 a 64 b 26 c 12

5 6.88 m 6 54.4 mm 7 a 50190 b 31560 c 64190
7 a 27.5 b 109.4 c 293.5 8 a 0.8480 b 0.7677 c 0.1539
d 5.7 e 88.1 f 20.8 d 64.9839 e 13.9884 f 13.7044
8 D 9 a 45480 b 33110 c 5210
9 a 1203.3 cm b 414.2 mm c 6.7 m 10 a 14.49 b 72.50 c 0.87
d i 3.8 km ii 8.4 km e 1044.3 cm 11 a 98.9 b 21.1 c 23.2
10 402.8 m 11 782 cm 12 12.1 m 13 4.9 km 12 a 69 b 55 c 70
14 6.88 m 15 B 16 77.3 m 13 a 33 b 28 c 38
14 68130
Exercise 4-07
1 a 41 b 64 c 60 d 81 Chapter 5
e 61 f 30 g 6 h 45
i 60 j 82 k 84 l 14 SkillCheck
2 a 64590 b 54350 c 36520 d 20100 1 a i 8 ii 4 iiieight to the power of four
e 43320 f 72330 g 2720 h 61390 b i 4 ii 8 iiifour to the power of eight
i 86120 j 81470 k 35160 l 5130 c i h ii 5 iiih to the power of five
3 a 34 b 51 c 60 d i 5 ii h iiifive to the power of h
d 29 e 67 f 54 2 a 25 b 64 c 10 000 d 64
4 C e 9 f 32 g 216 h 256
5 a 36420 b 25120 c 36520 3 a 25 b 34 3 73 c 56 3 82
d 31300 e 26470 f 48110 d 101 3 x 5 e 63 3 k 2 f x3 3 y2
6 a 12 b 68 c 27 g a2 3 b3 h 52 3 n3 i p2 3 q4
d 27 e 30 f 88 4 a 93939 b 737 c d3d3d3d3d
7 39 8 10560 9 38.9 10 62 d k3k
11 11 12 37 13 B 14 71 5 a 1024 b 10 000 c 729 d 1
15 11 16 50 17 25 18 38 e 9 f 15 625 g 8 h 64
6 a 3 b 4 c 3 d 2
Power plus e 6 f 4 g 6 h 4

1 a i 0.342, 0.342 ii 0.731, 0.731

iii 0.819, 0.819 iv 0.996, 0.996 Exercise 5-01
b Each pair of trigonometric ratios has the same value. 1 B
c The pairs of angles are complementary (add to 90). 2 a 105 b 25 c 37 d 75
d 60 e 88 f 59 g 610 h 412
e i 15 ii sin iii 18 i 311 j x5 k g8 l w8
iv cos v 25 vi 32 m b13 n p20 o r2 p y6
f sin x ¼ cos (90  x) g Teacher to check. q m8 r n10
2 a 1932 m pffiffi b 31 3 D
3 a cos 30 ¼ 23 b tan 30 ¼ p1ffiffi3 4 a 6p7 b 12y 12 c 18m9
0 00
4 a 2412 26 b 63170 300 d 5h11 e 24q9 f 10a7
5 Teacher to check. g 30n16t 5 h 30a2b4 i 3e10g5
j 32p7m10 k 48q8r 8 l 54u4v 3w 8
Chapter 4 revision 5 B
6 a 102 b 84 c 2010 d 56
1 opp ¼ 15, adj ¼ 20, hyp ¼ 25 e 99 f 224 g 7 h 219
2 opp ¼ v, adj ¼ u, hyp ¼ w i 110 j p5 k n6 l w 18
3 a 33 b 33 c 56
d 33 m h16 n y6 o a8 p b
65 56 65 65
q w 24 r m0
4 cos a ¼ 77 tan a ¼ 36
85 77 7 D
5 a tan 42  0.900 b cos 42  0.743
c sin 42  0.669

9780170193047 589
 Answers

8 a 2y 12 b 5w 6 c 8r 7 d 30x 3 a 160 b 700 c 90

6
e 5m9 f g2 g 2d 2h9 h x 5y 4 d 2200 e 72 f 1600
e20 d 36 3qt 3pq2 r4 g 2100 h 480 i 132
i 3 j 4 k 9a5b8 l 2

Exercise 5-02 Exercise 5-05

1 C 1 a 1
b 1
c 1
d 1
62 57 31 102
2 a 46 b 516 c 312 d 228 e 1
f 1
g 1
h 1
g5 z1 n3 t2
e 22 f 93 g 100 h 620 1 1 1 1
i a4 j 53 k l
i 515 j e8 k t 25 l y 21 yd rm
1 1 1 1
m c5 n m35 o y 16 p h0 2 a 9 b 625 c 6 d 49
1 1 1 1
q q18 r w4 s 210x 10 t 58n24 e 25 f 128 g 64 h 1 000 000
u 43d 9 v k 45 w d 12 x 28d 64 i 1
j 1
k 1
l 1
1024 27 36 6561
3 B 2 1 3 1
3 a n b n c 8 d 8
4 a 16d 12 b 25m6 c 16y 10 d 81x 8
e 105 f 2a4 g 31 h b1
e 3125u30 f 8w 15 g 10 000d 20 h 27e3
i 6a1 j 4t 2 k 2w 5 l 5d 3
i 2b4 j 36d 12 k 243f 20 l 1024c30
5 2 3 4
m 16r 4 n 125t 3 o 9m6 p y 36 4 a h b b5 c e3 d n2
p r2 y y3
q x 3 r m30 s 256w 20 t 243f 5 e b2 f s4 g w2 h d3
u 27p6 v 81h20 w 100k 2 x 8y 3 i 1
2m j 1
xy k 1
16h2 l 1
125k 3
3m3 15 12 12y3
m p2 n kw4 o x2 y3 p x2
Exercise 5-03 1 1 1 1
q 9h2 r 64k 3 s 16c4 t 8y
1 A 4p 4 v 1
u q3 v pq3 w m2 x vm2
2 a a3b3 b x 10y 5 c l18m30 7 5 10 2
5 a 2 b 8 c 9 d 3
d 1296d 4p8 e 64k 8y 10 f 243m10n5
e 43 f 2
g 3
h a
g e3k 9 h w 21x 28 i 64d 6y 10 5 x 5

j 256b8c12 k 27a9d 3 l 16p8q12 i  m2 j 4

5r k 3z
2 l v
3 D
m3 256n40
4 a 36 b c 625
d
49
w10
8
m8
x4
16
p8
3
Exercise 5-06
e t15 f 256n4 g 81 h  125h
216
i 49k 8
j 9r2
k a8 b4
l  243c32 1 a 311 b 23 c 48 d 97
100 t4 d 20 10
e 812 f 59 g 612 h 34
5 a 40x 32y 48 b 1000x 36y 54 c 2q3r 4
i 219 j 410 k 85 l 101
d 36q8r 12 e 27a12x 15 f 3ax 2
2 a a7 b t9 c n6 d p2
g 32p8h29 h 8p4h11 i 64p10h38
e w8 f g18 g 6b7 h 20d 13
i 6c4 j 625b16 k 3m2 l 9a2
Exercise 5-04
3 a 1 b 1 c 7 d 1
1 a 1 b 1 c 1 d 1 e 8 f 9 g 625 h 128
1
e 1 f 1 g 1 h 7 i 1 j 64 k 64 l 1
i 1 j 1 k 1 l 2 m 25 n 1
o 1 p 1
10 000
m 1 n 1 o 1 p 1 1 1 1 1
4 a 25 b 32 c 20 d 1000
q 1 r 1 s 6 t 6
u 1 v 1 w 3 x 1 5 a 9m2n6 b 40a w 95
c 256a8b20 d 4pq2
64 2 4 3 9x2
2 a 2 b 0 c 3 d 1 e 125 f 6c g 3u v h 100
e 7 f 5 g 3 h 0 i 64n6t 3 j 16
k y3
l p10
81 5x3 81y2
i 1 j 9 k 112 l 2 15 10 1 a11
m 32p q n 343n3 o 2 p b
m 6 n 4 o 125 p 1
1 6 a 817 b 1
35 c 1y d 1
x3
q 12 r 3 s 3 t 27
1 5 1 a
e 25b2 f b2 g ab h b
4 1 p3 m
Mental skills 4 i t8 j 1331t3 k q5 l w3
8 2r6 10 f 3 n7
m u3 v4 n y5 o e p 2k 4
2 a 117 b 740 c 138 d 140 7 a 4
b 2
c 3
d 7
7 5 2
e 174 f 100 g 436 h 109 8 z 5a
e r f 10p g 6y h 2
i 200 j 312

590 9780170193047
 Answers

9 9 9
8 a 43 b 21 c 104 d 92 5 a 3.8 3 10 , 5.5 3 10 , 7.3 3 10
e k 1 f 9k 4 g x 7 h 5p3 b 5.8 3 10 , 2.2 3 10 , 7 3 104
6 4

9 a q3 b d4 c m111 d t2 c 3.5 3 100, 4.9 3 102, 5.3 3 102

5 2 2
e 30g2 f 24a g 28
x h 4
p3
6 a 6 3 10 , 2.9 3 10 , 1 3 10
2
i 16q3 j
4
t
k 2
l 1 b 6.3 3 10 , 8.1 3 10 , 1.2 3 109
4
2 b4 9h2
c 9.5 3 101, 4.1 3 101, 6.4 3 103

Exercise 5-07
Exercise 5-09
1 a 3 b 2 c 2 d 5
e 1 f 1 g 3 h 5 1 a 6 3 108 b 2 3 105 c 8 3 1015
i 2 j 2 k 3 l 6 d 3 3 106 e 2.4 3 1016 f 5 3 104
18
2 a 37.6 b 9440 c 168 g 1.024 3 10 h 3.01 3 10 6
i 6.3 3 109
d 2.81 e 16.0 f 60 500 j 2.5 3 10 11
k 2 3 10 3
l 3.81 3 1013
9 13
g 1 770 000 h 386 000 i 10.3 2 a 1.31 3 10 b 2.96 3 10 c 2.84 3 1015
3 a 0.064 b 0.90 c 0.085 d 1.44 3 1016 e 6.99 3 1019 f 9.05 3 103
14 9
d 0.000 16 e 0.0076 f 0.039 g 2.00 3 10 h 2.14 3 10
g 0.28 h 0.019 i 0.31 3 3.78 3 1019 atoms
4 B 5 C 4 2.25 3 102 mm
6 a 9 b 60 c 0.04 5 a 7.0 3 1030 b 1.3 3 1017 c 8.1 3 1013
36 50
d 0.008 e 0.5 f 10 000 d 2.3 3 10 e 5.5 3 10 f 5.2 3 1022
2
g 2000 h 0.0003 i 60 000 000 g 1.8 3 10 4
h 9.5 3 10 i 3.1 3 106
13 3
7 a $36 000 000, 2 b $40 000 000, 1 j 9.5 3 10 k 1.2 3 10 l 1.7 3 105
8 5 9 21 600 m 3.9 3 108 n 5.9 3 100
10 a 180 b 5 c 6.16 d 4.176 6 i 500 s ii 8 mins 20 s
e 0.06 f 0.67 g 33 300 h 0.6565 7 1.9 3 1014 t
8 1.7 3 100 km/s
9 9.5 3 1012 km
Exercise 5-08
10 a 0.000 1 s b 91 s
1 a 2.4 3 103 b 7.86 3 105 c 5.5 3 107 11 a 9.999 999 999 3 1099 b 1.000 000 000 3 1099
d 9.5 3 101 e 7.8 3 10 0
f 3.48 3 108
g 5.967 3 104 h 1.5 3 101 i 3 3 109 Power plus
j 8 3 101 k 7.63 3 10 2
l 1 3 101
m 3.5 3 102 n 7.6 3 10 5
o 8 3 101
1 a 0.2 b 0.125 c 32 d 1000
p 7.13 3 102 q 3 3 10 6
r 9.13 3 101
e 3.125 f 0.16 g 0.0025 h 0.000 625
s 7.146 3 106 t 9 3 103 u 1 3 107
2 a 52a b 1 c 22y d 103
v 8.9 3 104 w 7.8 3 10 8
x 1 3 101
e 33p f 33p g 83n h 62t
2 a 1.3 3 105 kg b 7
2.9 3 10 cm c 8 3 105 m 2 2 q
i 2p j 3n k 2
d 3 3 108 m/s e 13
4 3 10 km f 1.2 3 104 m
3 a 4.382 3 1011 b 5.2 3 108 c 4 3 108
g 6.1 3 102 cm h 1 3 1010 m i 7.7 3 1020 s
6
d 2.013 3 100 e 5.78 3 104 f 5.78 3 102
j 1 3 106 s k 2.2 3 10 ly 6 9
g 6.7 3 10 h 3.2 3 10 i 3.2 3 109
3 a 600 000 b 7100
4 If a ¼ b there are an infinite number of solutions, otherwise
c 302 000 000 d 3.14
a ¼ 2, b ¼ 4
e 0.000 06 f 0.0071
5 a 2n þ 1 where n ¼ 1, 2, 4, 8, … (doubling the power
g 0.000 000 030 2 h 0.000 000 000 59
each time)
i 1 100 000 000 000 j 0.0004
b 4 294 967 297
k 5000 l 0.000 476
m 0.803 n 63 200
o 0.016 p 0.000 000 22 Chapter 5 revision
q 9 000 000 r 0.111
4 a 4 3 105 b 2.7 3 106 c 1.3 3 107 1 a 1010 b 416 c a10 d h10
d 6.3 3 107 e 9.3 3 109 f 9.3 3 102 e 12n4 f 2d 12 g 5m8 h 6v 7w 7
g 3.04 3 100 h 4.5 3 10 5
i 2 3 1015 i 15x 6y 3 j 8t 4h6 k p4q8 l 20ab2
j 9.7 3 105 2 a 26 b k 25 c x4
d 1024y 30 e 25t 4 f 1000g3
g 32 h 32k 5 i 25m6

9780170193047 591
 Answers

3 a a4b8 b 25x 6y 4 c 64t 6 h e ¼ 43 (angles on a straight line)

d 64h g 6 3
e a4
f 32p5q5r 5 i a ¼ 25 (angles in a right angle)
2401
g 243m5
h 81n4p8 i 16a28 j h ¼ 300 (angles at a point)
32 b4
14 16 b18 y15 4 4 k g ¼ 105 (angles on a straight line)
j 512t u k 512 l 5c d
l k ¼ 90 (vertically opposite angles)
4 a 1 b 1 c 1 d 1 e 1
3 B
f h g 1 h 1 i 23
4 a r ¼ 135 (angles at a point)
1 1 1 1
5 a 83 b 192 c x d p5 b w ¼ 55 (vertically opposite angles)
1 1 1 5
6 a 4m b 16m2 c 5b d b c c ¼ 30 (vertically opposite angles), y ¼ 150 (angles on a
2 5a d2 9 straight line)
e x4 f 3 g c4 h 100
3 5 1 1 d k ¼ 26 (angles in a right angle)
7 a 10 b r c r d 3b
8 a 4u4t 4 b 25a2b2 c 20h4d 9 e t ¼ 35 (angles on a straight line)
d e12 e r 10 f p f a ¼ 140 (angles at a point)
g ac
4
h 5m
2
i 9t 4 5 a p ¼ 57 (corresponding angles on parallel lines)
n4 u6 v3
9 a 8.6 b 15 700 c 500 b t ¼ 68 (co-interior angles on parallel lines)
d 0.007 127 e 0.904 f 300 000 c h ¼ 88 (alternate angles on parallel lines)
g 4810 h 0.0009 i 70 000 000 d m ¼ 106 (corresponding angles on parallel lines)
10 a 3.7 3 104 b 6.1 3 101 c 2.5 3 105 e a ¼ 47 (vertically opposite angles), b ¼ 47 (corresponding
d 4.9 3 104 e 1.3 3 101 f 8 3 1011 angles on parallel lines), c ¼ 47 (vertically opposite angles)
11 a 8100 b 60 000 000 c 3.075 (other reasons possible)
d 0.0081 e 0.000 000 6 f 0.030 75 f k ¼ 135 (angles on a straight line), h ¼ 135 (corresponding
12 9.1 3 108, 2.4 3 103, 3 3 103 angles on parallel lines)
13 a 2.701 3 1031 b 4 3 105 c 1.25 3 1017 g m ¼ 115 (corresponding angles on parallel lines), n ¼ 115
d 2.5 3 104 (vertically opposite angles)
14 a 9.8 3 1016 b 3.7 3 1018 c 9.6 3 108 h b ¼ 104 (angles on a straight line), c ¼ 104 (corresponding
angles on parallel lines), d ¼ 104 (vertically opposite
angles)
i k ¼ 125 (vertically opposite angles), a ¼ 125
Chapter 6 (corresponding angles on parallel lines), b ¼ 125 (vertically
opposite angles)
SkillCheck
j u ¼ 115 (co-interior angles on parallel lines), t ¼ 70
1 a acute b right c reflex (angles on a straight line), w ¼ 110 (alternate angles on
d revolution e reflex f obtuse parallel lines)
g reflex h straight k h ¼ 76 (alternate angles on parallel lines), a ¼ 14 (angles
2 D 3 B 4 D in a right angle)
5 a 49 b 127 c 37 l f ¼ 115 (angles on a straight line), g ¼ 65 (alternate angles
d 267 e 199 f 30 on parallel lines), m ¼ 25 (co-interior angles on parallel
lines) (other answers possible)
Exercise 6-01 6 a AB is not parallel to CD since alternate angles are not
equal.
1 C
b EF is not parallel to GH since co-interior angles are not
2 a x ¼ 123 (adjacent angles)
supplementary.
b d ¼ 27 (angles in a right angle)
c IJ is not parallel to KL since corresponding angles are not
c x ¼ 110 (vertically opposite angles)
equal.
d h ¼ 41 (angles on a straight line)
e y ¼ 117 (adjacent angles) 7 a c ¼ 25 b m ¼ 16 c k ¼ 30
f w ¼ 42 (angles at a point) d d ¼ 45 e f ¼ 20 f y¼6
g z ¼ 45 (vertically opposite angles)

592 9780170193047
 Answers

2 See table below.

Exercise 6-02
3 a trapezium, parallelogram
1 a m ¼ 70 b w ¼ 33 c h ¼ 50 b trapezium
d k ¼ 100 e x ¼ 46 f a ¼ 65 c square, rhombus
g d ¼ 70 h k ¼ 70 i y ¼ 34 d rectangle, square
j m ¼ 60 k h ¼ 150 l r ¼ 45 e parallelogram, rectangle, square, rhombus
2 C 3 A, D f square
4 a 115 b 112 c 85 g rhombus, square
d 68 e 67.5 f 130 h kite
5 B 6 B i parallelogram, rectangle, square, rhombus
7 a 125 b 110 c 67 j rectangle, square
d 50 e 60 f 56 k rectangle, rhombus
8 Teacher to check. l parallelogram, rectangle, square, rhombus
9 a ¼ 65, c ¼ 50, b ¼ 65 m parallelogram, rectangle, square, rhombus
10 n rhombus, kite, square
4 a rhombus, parallelogram, trapezium
d° b 9 rhombuses, 6 parallelograms, 18 trapeziums
d° c 13
5 A, C, D, E, G, I
d°
6 a parallelogram b rhombus c trapezium
d° d square e rhombus f kite
g rectangle h square i rhombus
d° 7 a k ¼ 70 (opposite angles of parallelogram are equal)
b a ¼ 45 (angles of square bisected by diagonals)
c p ¼ 55 (co-interior angles, opposite sides of rhombus
d° parallel)
d w ¼ 112 (opposite angles of parallelogram are equal, then
angles on a straight line)
e t ¼ 55 (angles of a rectangle equal 90)
11 a t ¼ 35 b m ¼ 26 c h ¼ 30
f n ¼ 67 (corresponding angles, opposite sides of a rhombus
d y ¼ 110 e g ¼ 40 f x ¼ 11
are parallel)
g a ¼ 55 (co-interior angles)
Exercise 6-03 h c ¼ 9 (diagonals bisect angles of a square)
1 a m ¼ 74 b m ¼ 96 c m ¼ 30 i r ¼ 110 (angles between unequal sides of a kite are equal)
d m ¼ 30 e m ¼ 221 f m ¼ 75

Exercise 6-03
2
Properties Trapezium Parallelogram Rectangle Square Rhombus Kite
One pair of opposite sides parallel ü
Opposite sides parallel ü ü ü ü
Opposite sides equal ü ü ü ü
All sides equal ü ü
Two pairs of adjacent sides equal ü
Diagonals equal ü ü
Diagonals bisect each other ü ü ü ü
Diagonals meet at right angles ü ü ü
Diagonals bisect the angles of the shape ü ü
Opposite angles equal ü ü ü ü
One pair of opposite angles equal ü
All angles 90 ü ü
Axes of symmetry 0 0 2 4 2 1

9780170193047 593
 Answers

8 a \PQR ¼ 72 (alternate angles, RW || PV) d

b \TQU ¼ \TUQ ¼ 53 (angles in an isosceles triangle)
\QUP ¼ 53 (alternate angles, QT || PU)
\UPQ ¼ \PQU ¼ 63.5 (angles in an isosceles triangle)
[ \PQR ¼ 63.5 (alternate angles, RQ || PU)
c (30 þ \QRT) þ 110 ¼ 180 (co-interior angles, QT || PR)
\QRT ¼ 40
[ \PQR ¼ 40 (alternate angles, PQ || RT)
d \PRQ ¼ 35 (vertically opposite angles) 200°
[ \PQR ¼ 72.5 (angles in isosceles DPQR, diagonals of
rectangle are equal and bisect each other)
e \QRP ¼ 75 (angle sum of straight line)
4.5 cm
\QPR ¼ 75 (angles in isosceles triangle)
[ \PQR ¼ 30 (angle sum of triangle)
f \TPQ ¼ 60 (alternate angles, RT || PQ)
[ \PQR ¼ 30 (angle sum of triangle, diagonals of Exercise 6-04
rhombus meet at 90) 1 a 6 b 4 c 9
9 sample answers d 10 e 7 f 5
a g 12 h 8 i 11
30 mm
T 2 a non-regular hexagon b quadrilateral
U
113° c non-regular pentagon d scalene triangle
e regular decagon f non-regular heptagon
g regular octagon h non-regular nonagon
3 a a, b, d, e, f, g b e, g
4 D
60 mm 5 a equilateral triangle b square
6 a 540 b 1080 c 2340 d 1800
e 900 f 1440 g 3240 h 1620
7 a a ¼ 95 b b ¼ 110 c d ¼ 108
d c ¼ 160 e g ¼ 140 f x ¼ 90
W V g e ¼ 135 h m ¼ 120, n ¼ 60 i y ¼ 222
8 a 14 b 11 c 24 d 17
b
9 B
10 a 135 b 144 c 150 d 120
5 cm 11 a 40 b 171
12 a 24 b 36 c 10

Mental skills 6

2 a 0.5 b 90 c 8 d 0.9
c X e 90 f 0.7 g 8 h 30
i 0.08 j 3.5 k 4 l 0.3
65 mm 24 mm 4a 16 b 160 c 1.6 d 1.6
e 1.6 f 16 g 160 h 0.16
Y i 0.016 j 160 k 0.16 l 0.0016
W
54° Exercise 6-05
1 a 45 b 36 c 24 d 40
2 a 108 b 150 c 140 d 157.5
40 mm
3 a 15 b 10 c 9
114° d 36 e 20 f 6
4 a 12 b 72 c 20
Z d 9 e 5 f 90

594 9780170193047
 Answers

Power plus 3

1 a 2 b 20 c 54 a°
a°
2 a square, rhombus a° a°
b parallelogram, rhombus, rectangle, square
c kite, rhombus, square a°
a°
d rectangle, square
a° a°
e rhombus, square
f square, rectangle
3 Some answers are abbreviated, other answers also possible.
4 a k ¼ 47 (angle sum of triangle)
a h ¼ 113 (vertically opposite angles)
b e ¼ 75 (exterior angle of a triangle)
m ¼ 67 (co-interior angles on parallel lines)
c x ¼ 24 (equal angles in an isosceles triangle)
p ¼ 67 (vertically opposite angles)
d m ¼ 18 (angle sum of triangle)
k ¼ 67 (corresponding angles)
e t ¼ 107.5 (equal angles in an isosceles triangle, exterior
b w ¼ 73 (exterior angle of triangle is equal to the sum of
angle of a triangle)
the two opposite interior angles)
f b ¼ 60 (equilateral triangle , alternate angles on parallel
c e ¼ 97 (co-interior angles on parallel lines, then alternate
lines)
angles on parallel lines)
g y ¼ 140 (exterior angle of a triangle)
d y ¼ 61 (angle sum of a triangle, then corresponding angles
h y ¼ 48 (angles on a straight line, isosceles triangle)
on parallel lines)
i y ¼ 78 (co-interior angles on parallel lines)
e f ¼ 56 (alternate angles on parallel lines, then angle sum of
5 a 60 b 90, 45, 45
isosceles triangle)
6 a x ¼ 110 (angle sum of quadrilateral)
f x ¼ 78 (alternate angles, then exterior angle of triangle
b y ¼ 112 (corresponding angles on parallel lines), m ¼ 68
result)
(co-interior angles on parallel lines)
g t ¼ 34 (alternate angles on parallel lines)
c g ¼ 60 (angles on a straight line, isosceles triangle)
n ¼ 117 (opposite angles of parallelogram)
d x ¼ 35, y ¼ 55 (alternate angles on parallel lines, diagonals
v ¼ 29 (angle sum of a triangle)
of a rhombus bisect at right angles, angle sum of a
h a ¼ 90 (diagonals of rhombus meet at right angles)
triangle)
d ¼ 65 (alternate angles on parallel lines, then angle sum
e m ¼ 97 (one pair of opposite angles equal in a kite, angle
of a triangle)
sum of a quadrilateral)
i c ¼ 153 (angle sum of quadrilateral, then angles at a point)
f e ¼ 36 (co-interior angles on parallel lines)
7 a parallelogram, rectangle, square, rhombus
b square, rectangle
Chapter 6 revision c square, rhombus
d square, rectangle, rhombus, parallelogram
1 a d ¼ 115 (vertically opposite angles), k ¼ 65 (angles on a
straight line) 8 a b
b y ¼ 53 (angles in a right angle)
c w ¼ 185 (angles at a point)
d x ¼ 40 (angles in a right angle)
e y ¼ 32 (angles on a straight line)
f x ¼ 76 (angles at a point)
2 Some answers are abbreviated to show the 2 reasons required
to reach the final answer.
a w ¼ 123 (alternate angles on parallel lines)
b w ¼ 65 (co-interior angles on parallel lines)
c w ¼ 117 (corresponding angles on parallel lines) c
d w ¼ 101 (corresponding angles on parallel lines, vertically
opposite angles)
e w ¼ 104 (corresponding angles on parallel lines, angles on
a straight line)
f w ¼ 70 (co-interior angles on parallel lines, vertically 9 a (10  2) 3 180 ¼ 1440 b 140
opposite angles) 10 a 60 b 12

9780170193047 595
 Answers

Chapter 7 3 LHS ¼ 12ð5  1Þ

¼ 12 3 4
SkillCheck ¼ 48
1 a 20 b 6 c 5 d 16 ¼ RHS
e 19 f 15 g 7 h 1 [ k ¼ 5 is a solution
2 a subtracting b multiplying 4 LHS ¼ RHS ¼ 16
c dividing d adding 5 a m¼3 b y¼7 c x¼2
3 a 4n b 11x c 5r d 6t d p¼4 e n ¼ 4 f x ¼ 313
4 a 8k þ 28 b 15d  5 c 3  6y d 4b þ 32 g w ¼ 8 h x¼6 i y ¼ 59
e 15d þ 18 f 7a þ 20 g 19d þ 1 6 LHS ¼ RHS ¼ 30
5 a m¼6 b a¼9 c y¼8 7 a m ¼ 7 b y¼7 c y ¼ 10 d x ¼ 12
d w ¼ 50 e y ¼ 9 f m ¼ 23 e y ¼ 26 f y ¼ 123 g m ¼ 7 h y ¼ 71
89

g a ¼ 7 h a ¼ 12 i w ¼ 30
6 a 7n b n2 c 5(n þ 8) Exercise 7-04
d n  20 e 6n  9 f nþ2
1 11 2 12 3 24 4 30
5 40 cm 3 10 cm
Exercise 7-01 6 a 4w þ 14 ¼ 94 b 27 cm 3 20 cm
1 a x¼2 b p¼4 c w ¼ 4.5 d k¼1 7 x ¼ 33
e x ¼ 37 f m ¼ 23 g y ¼ 4 h x ¼ 1 8 a y ¼ 13 b 110
9 82, 98 10 43, 44 11 28, 29, 30
i h¼2 j q ¼ 115 k w ¼ 2 l d ¼ 3.5
12 54, 56, 58 13 23, 25, 27
2 B
14 Dean is 10, Franco is 50, Helen is 2. 15 Rebecca is 14.
3 a n¼6 b x ¼ 245 c a ¼ 913 d y ¼ 36
16 78 17 $1.80
e n ¼ 5.4 f p ¼ 713 g x ¼ 22 h n ¼ 10 18 Boy: 140 cm, sister: 70 cm, father: 170 cm.
i d¼1 j a ¼ 9 k n¼2 l x ¼ 11 19 26.5 cm 3 17 cm
4 Clockwise: 3k, 20, 4 3, 5 20 Brett is 17, Paul is 51, Amanda is 12, Janine is 45.
5 Clockwise: 21 d ¼ 5.7 m 22 240, 50c coins
a 3c, 3c þ 6,  6,  30, 4 3,  10
b 5n, 5n
3 , 3 3, 30, 4 5, 6
m m
Mental skills 7A
c 5; 5 12; þ12; 15; 3 5; 75
6 a w¼2 b a ¼ 48 c m ¼ 60
2 a 14 b 9 c 7 d 8
d a¼3 e x ¼ 16 f a ¼ 14
e 3 f 8 g 10 h 5
7 D
i 33 j 5 k 15 l 18
8 a x ¼ 10 b w¼0 c y ¼ 33
m 26 n 6 o 36 p 6
d k ¼ 12 e x ¼ 45 f d¼1
q 14 r 160 s 14 t 2
9 A

Exercise 7-05
Exercise 7-02
1 a a ¼ 39 b x ¼ 56 c x ¼ 30 d y ¼ 42
1 a w¼6 b q¼6 c x¼5 d n ¼ 2
e p ¼ 56 f y ¼ 21 g x ¼ 2 h y ¼ 15
e y ¼ 10 f m¼2 g a¼6 h x ¼ 1
i x ¼ 9 j d ¼ 85 k w ¼ 4 l p ¼ 7.5
i y¼0 j u ¼ 1 k x ¼ 134 l x ¼ 5
2 a x ¼ 9 b y ¼ 22 c p ¼ 11.5 d w ¼ 22
2 a B b C
e x ¼ 5.75 f m ¼ 24 g y ¼ 5.2 h x¼5
3 a w ¼ 2 b t ¼ 112 c a¼1 5
i x¼0 j w ¼ 122 k x ¼ 13 l x ¼ 317
d y ¼ 3 e y ¼ 112 f y ¼ 35
3 A
g t ¼ 138 h y ¼ 212 i k ¼ 123
4 a d ¼ 24 b k ¼ 18 c m ¼ 12
4 C 9
d x ¼ 2111 e p ¼ 30 f k ¼ 20
9
g k ¼ 30 h m ¼ 10 i a ¼ 611
Exercise 7-03
1 a m¼1 b x¼2 c y ¼ 1 d k¼4 Exercise 7-06
e a ¼ 1 f p ¼ 19 g h ¼ 24 h m¼9 1 a m ¼ 12 b x ¼ 20 c y ¼ 15
i u ¼ 11 j y ¼ 137 k p ¼ 115 l x ¼ 113 pffiffiffiffiffi pffiffiffiffiffi
14 d k ¼  59 e y ¼  10 f w¼6
2 A

596 9780170193047
 Answers

g x ¼ 5 h t ¼ 3 i a¼4 5 a a¼1 b g ¼ 1423

pffiffiffi pffiffiffiffiffi
j k¼ 8 k w ¼  10 l d ¼  12 6 22 cm 3 16 cm
pffiffiffiffiffi
m k ¼ 4 n w ¼  70 o x ¼ 12 7 a x ¼ 15.5 b a ¼ 46
pffiffiffi
p m ¼ 9 q y¼ 5 r p¼3 8 1
pffiffiffiffiffi pffiffiffi
s k ¼ 4 t y ¼  55 u x¼ 7 9 a d ¼ 6 b n ¼ 1.5 c p ¼ 24
pffiffiffiffiffi
2 a m ¼ 4.5 b b ¼ 4.1 c v ¼ 2.4 d p ¼ 4.2 10 a d ¼ 8 b p ¼ 6 c z ¼  35
e k ¼ 2.6 f x ¼ 6.3 g k ¼ 9.8 h u ¼ 1.7 11 a BMI ¼ 21 b 105.84 kg
i y ¼ 3.7 j w ¼ 5.2 k a ¼ 4.1 l y ¼ 6.2 12 a $41 b d ¼ 30.5 km
pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi
3 25 doesn’t exist for real numbers; there isn’t a real
number whose square is 25. Mixed revision 2
4 a, c and f. They all involve square roots of negative numbers.
1 a 4 b 1 c 4 d 3
Exercise 7-07 2 a y 10 b 12g15 c 18p5q3
d k 12 e x4 f h9
1 a y ¼ 28 b y ¼ 11 c b ¼ 25 4 2 3 4
g 9k h hy i 2m3 n
d b ¼ 1 e x¼3 f x ¼ 16
3 a 6 b 1 c 1 d x e 1
2 a 95F b 14F c 60.8F
4 a 9.2 b 2.0 c 40.7 d 168.9
3 a 37.8C b 42.8C c 25.6C
5 a 120 b decagon
4 a A ¼ 72 cm2 b h ¼ 20 cm c p ¼ 32.5 m
6 a m ¼ 72 (corresponding angles on parallel lines)
5 C
b w ¼ 97 (co-interior angles on parallel lines)
6 a $540 b $4500 c 6 hours d 9 hours
c k ¼ 128 (alternate angles on parallel lines)
7 a $260 b 507
d a ¼ 40 (vertically opposite angles), x ¼ 140 (angles on a
8 a $200 b $825 c 45 people
straight line)
9 D
e w ¼ 22 (angles in a right angle)
10 a 65C b 91.25C c 4 hours
f e ¼ 56 (vertically opposite angles), n ¼ 124
11 a 182 cm b 39 cm
(supplementary \s), t ¼ 34 (\s in a straight line)
7 a 12 b 1251
c 1001
Mental skills 7B 8 a 2 b 83
c 4d 5

9 a 20.50 b 33.34 c 3.31

2 a 11 b 40 c 7 d 24 10 a 215 b 412 c 32p14 d 23w 15
e 23 f 6 g 43 h 80 11 a 15 400 000 b 0.0032 c 0.9837 d 24 000
i 18 j 15 k 40 l 65 12 a 53 b 78 c 59
m 11 n 14 o 12 p 135 13 a 77530 b 6490 c 56190
14 a n1 b 23 c k 5 d 7y 2
Power plus 15 7.28 3 10 6

16 a 2.7 3 1016 b 1.2 3 1010

1 a y ¼ 14 b s ¼ 316 c t ¼ 4.2 17 a 39 b 52 c 44
d x ¼ 4 e m ¼ 6.5 f d ¼ 17.4 18 a x ¼ 4 b x ¼ 214 c x ¼ 114
5
g x¼5 h y ¼ 35.5 i y ¼ 28 d y ¼ 13 e a ¼ 18 f x ¼ 28 12
pffiffiffiffiffi pffiffiffi
j r ¼ 3.5 k y ¼  48 or 4 3 l m ¼ 5 19 a m ¼ 103 (angle sum of triangle)
2 a W ¼ 15 b W ¼ 3 c X ¼ 6 12 d Y ¼ 23 b f ¼ 54 (equal angles of isosceles triangle, angle sum of
3 26 4 Daughter is 20. triangle)
c d ¼ 132 (exterior angle of triangle)
Chapter 7 revision 20 A
21 a m ¼ 17.9 b d ¼ 11.7 c g ¼ 160.2
1 a x¼5 b y ¼ 8.5 c y ¼ 1.5 22 a 5.3 3 109 b 3.73 3 105
d m ¼ 32 e x ¼ 33 f x¼6 23 a w ¼ 103 b w ¼ 32 c w ¼ 35
g x ¼ 7.5 h a ¼ 3 i d ¼ 6.5 24 C 25 2.38 m
2 a x¼1 b x ¼ 5 c w ¼ 113 26 a 24 b 8
d x¼3 e n ¼ 4 f d ¼ 9 27 a 16m12n8 b 4h
2
c 343r 3t 6
25
g t ¼ 112 h j ¼ 8.5 i q ¼ 1 28 a k ¼ 5 b h ¼ 8 47
3 Teacher to check. 29 a 40 b 37 c 39
4 a w¼7 b n¼1 c p ¼ 1 30 a 225 min or 3.75 h b 3.125 kg
d x ¼ 13 e y¼5 f x ¼ 1.5

9780170193047 597
 Answers

31 a Exercise 8-03
3.5 m 1 $558 2 $1459.22 3 $10 979
4 Perry: $1600, Amy: $2250 5 $820 000
6 a $8300 b $9820 c $11 400
50° 7 $4554
b i 2.7 m ii 2.2 m 8 a $163.80 b $90 c $172.05 d $188
32 square e $307.80 f $217.60 g $162 h $1568
33 a p ¼ 11 b y¼1 9 a i $124.10 ii $172.55 b 540
34 a 44 000 b 10.8 c 0.000 04 c i 236 ii 730
35 a 19, 20, 21, 22 b 127 $2 coins 10 $156.80
36 50 m 11 a $96.88 b $142.10 c $457.10
37 a m ¼ 4 b x ¼ 6 12 a $734 b $122.33 c $14.40/h
13 a $2014 b $3116 c $2704.65
d $1961.18 e $3847.50 f $3897.66
Chapter 8 14 $10 440
SkillCheck 15 a $536 b $375.20 c $2519.20
16 a $2376.39 b $831.74 c $5584.52
1 0.082 2 $2.25 17 a $632 b $2970.40
3 a 365 b 52 c 28 d 36
e 14 f 13 g 60 h 26 Exercise 8-04
4 a $7.68 b $21.42 c $524.74
d $92.36 e $3085.64 f $106.34 1 $71 634 2 a $34 673 b $3129.87
5 a $733.59 b $6285.83 c $3150 3 a $89 525 b $21 071.25
d $1198.21 e $694.67 f $14 911.22 4 C 5 a $55 262 b $9507.15
g $1339.02 h $2343.50 i $2293.20 6 a $91 340.60 b $90 113 c $21 288.81
6 $6513 7 a $45 896 b $6463.20
8 A 9 $13 559.25 10 $10 449.33
Exercise 8-01
Mental skills 8
1 a $649.60 b $947.10 c $735.20 d $285.30
2 $45 866.22 3 D 4 $54 177.24
5 a $1309.70 b $2619.39 c $5695
2 a $408 b 99 c 200
d $404 e 672 f $81
6 a $98.25 b $109.83 c $99.60
g $517 h 225 i 560
7 Dana, by $1.26. 8 fortnightly income
j $84 k $350 l 84
9 a Mitch by $1.40/h b Philip by $0.45/h
c Faith by $3.90/h d Ranjan by $0.90/h
4a 330 b $240 c 1600 d $425
10 a $187 b $935 c $4051.67 e $225 f 60 g $63 h 76
11 a $103 680 b $1986.97 i $68 j $3762 k $374 l $100
12 a $3226.67 b $742.05 c $17.67
13 $744 14 $630.63 15 $330.15 Exercise 8-05
16 $470.34 17 $19.25/h 18 $2575.70 1 a $3120 b $672
2 a $8652 b $1848
Exercise 8-02 3 $240 4 a $42 b 21.5% c $153
5 $198$201 6 Phoebe, by $24.
1 a $494.20 b $591.28 c $750.13
7 Cinema: $864
d $763.36 e $953.10 f $979.58
Electronics store: $894
2 C 3 $623.48 4 $939.04
Electronics store offers higher net pay.
5 $804.65 6 $707.61 7 B
8 a $130 b $363.90 c 39.1%
8 a $518.10 b $573.05 c $667.25
9 a $812.03 b 27.9%
d $808.55 e $631.93 f $730.05
10 a $670.98 b 16.4%
9 a $556.80 b $1165 c $911.40
11 a $2943.66 b $635.83 c $887.45 d $2056.21
d $1040 e $1560 f $897.90
12 a $519.12 b $4092.60 c $87 856.28 d 28.3%
10 a $19.60/h b $19.59/h c $17.14/h
13 a gross weekly income ¼ $638.40, total deductions ¼
d $13.65/h e $16.73/h f $8.27/h
$277.80, net weekly income ¼ $360.60

598 9780170193047
 Answers

b gross weekly income ¼ $525, total deductions ¼ $396.90, Exercise 9-01

net weekly income ¼ $128.10
14 a $251.70 b 24.5% 1 a i 18.2 ii 18 iii 15 iv 16
b i 6.9 ii 7 iii 7 iv 14
Power plus c i 35.7 ii 38 iii 32, 45 iv 34
d i 8.7 ii 8.8 iii 8.8 iv 1
e i 0.3 ii 0.5 iii 2 iv 11
1 $92.28/min 2 $55.56 3 $128/h
2 a max x ¼ 22.9C, min x ¼ 15.6C b 7.3
4 Felicity: $514; Rose: $454.80; Difference: $59.20
c max mode ¼ 23C, min mode ¼ 15C d 8
5 $1368 6 $21.50/h 7 $855
3 a 415 mm b 168 mm c 92 mm
8 $841.50 9 $125 800
4 76
5 a 370 b 462 c 92
Chapter 8 revision
6 No, as she needs to score 103%.
7 a 6.3 b 7 c 7 d 8
1 a $1100.23 b $2200.46 c $4784.17
8 a 1 is an outlier as it is away from the main body of data.
2 $505.05 3 $790.79
b 8, 9 c 7.3 d 8
4 a $645.75 b $763.88
e i 56.7% ii 33.3%
5 $4200 6 $2250
9 a Yes, 7
7 a $75 b $822.50 c $997.50
b i x ¼ 2, median ¼ 2 ii x ¼ 2.3, median ¼ 2
8 $11 625 9 $4117.20
c The mean.
10 a $139 454 b $39 544.98
10 a $180 000
11 a $182 b $1208.96 c 12.2%
b i x ¼ $86 944, median ¼ $90 000
12 a $1071.60 b $459.60 c $612
ii x ¼ $96 250, median ¼ $91 500
c The median, as it is only $1500 higher with the outlier
Chapter 9 included, while the mean is $9306 higher.
d i mode ¼ $93 000, range ¼ $35 000
SkillCheck
ii mode ¼ $93 000, range ¼ $110 000
1 a 34 b 8 c 55.9% e Range
2 a 38 b 6 c 36 d 14 e 39.5%
3 a 11 a 6.4 b 14.8 c 66.8
Length of queue (Score) Frequency 12 a 10, 9, 28, 30, 24 S f ¼ 25, Sfx ¼ 101, x ¼ 4.04
1 5 b 66, 184, 168, 225, 130, 108 S f ¼ 36, Sfx ¼ 881, x ¼ 24.47
2 4 13 a 34.4 b 12.9
3 7 14 a 2, 7, 18, 25, 35, 44, 50 i 5.5 ii 4 iii 6
4 9 b 3, 11, 31, 46, 57, 64 i 20 ii 19 iii 5
5 7 15 a
Number of
6 3
seedlings
7 1 per punnet Frequency
b 4 4
5 2
9 6 4
8 7 8
7 8 11
9 8
Frequency

6
10 4
5
11 3
4 12 1
3
b 8 c 8 d 7.8
2
1
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Length of queue
c 4 d 20

9780170193047 599
 Answers

Exercise 9-02 b mode ¼ 3, range ¼ 8

c no outliers, clustered near 23 children d 3 e 3.8
1 a 3 a 6 It’s the highest column.
Results (Score) Frequency
b 5.96 c 6 d 5
2 1
4 a 73 b 14
3 2
c 2 It’s the score with the greatest frequency.
4 2
d 5 e 2
5 7
f 2.43 g clustering at 23 calls per minute
6 5
5 a Stem Leaf
7 5
4 0 1 5
8 5 5 1 3 5 6 8
9 2 6 3 4 5 6 7 7 7 8
10 1 7 1 2 4 7 9
b 8 2 7 8
8 9 0 2 4
b 54 c Clustering occurs in the 60s, no outliers.
7
d 27 e 67.85 f 67
6 6 a 52 b 68 c 60.0 d 63
Frequency

5 7 a Stem Leaf
4 11 8 9
12 1 5 6
3
13 1 5 5 7
2 14 3 4 5 6 9 9
1 15 0 0 0 1 4 4 7 7
16 1 1 3 3
0
2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10 17 6
Results 18 3 7
b i no outliers ii clustering occurs near 1415 seconds
c 6.1 d 6 e 5 f 8
c 8 d 70% e i 43.3% ii 50%
g No outliers but clustering from 58.
8 a 54, 55 or 56 b 22 c 59.5
2 a
Children per family Frequency 9 a Rockets: 8, Blues: 13 b Rockets: 52, Blues: 57
1 5 c The Blues, 40.
2 8 d The Blues performed better as they had more games in
3 9 which they scored more than 30 points.
4 5 e The Blues’ median was higher  37.5 compared to
5 4 Rockets’ median of 27.5.
6 3
10 a Robyn Stem Anthony
7 4 7 1
8 1 7 3 2 8 9
9 1 7 7 7 6 5 3 3 4 5 5 6 6 7 9
5 2 2 1 4 2 3 7
4 5 1 5
9
8 b Anthony (547) sold more than Robyn (506).
7 c 7 d Robyn, 54
e Clustering for both is in the 30s for both.
Frequency

6
f Anthony
5
11 a Stem Leaf
4
1 1 5 9
3 2 3 5 7
2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 8
4 0 2 5 5 7 8
1
5 2 5
0 6 5
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
12 5
600 Children per family
9780170193047
 Answers

b Yes, 12.5  this score is away from the main body of data. mode, median mean
c Clustering occurs in the 34 km distances.
d 4.01 e 3.6
f The median is the better as it is not affected by the outlier 9
score of 12.5 km. 8

12 a Girls Stem Boys 7

8 1 0 6

Frequency
6
2 6 8 9
5
9 6 3 2
8 5 4 0 4
9 9 6 1 5 0 0 5 7 3
7 0 6 3 7 2
8 6 6 4 3 7 2 4 5 6
1
5 2 0 8 2 8
4 9 5 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
b 95, boy c i 63.5 ii 56
Children per family
d 45% e 50%
b No c positively skewed d 2 to 4
f i 62.8 ii 54.25
e mode ¼ 3, median ¼ 3, x ¼ 3.8
g i no ii no
4 C
5 a symmetrical, bimodal b 56, 64, 83
Exercise 9-03
c 76 d 72.8 e 72
1 a i symmetrical and ii no outliers, some f No, because the range has been affected by the outlier of 26.
bimodal clustering near 5, 11 Without the outlier, the range is 45.
b i symmetrical and ii 10 is an outlier, 6 a
bimodal clustering near 4, 6
c i negatively skewed ii no outliers, clustering in
the 70s and 80s 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
d i positively skewed ii no outlier, clustering Sydney
near 21, 22
e i not symmetrical, ii no outliers, some
bimodal clustering near 13, 16
f i positively skewed ii no outliers, clustering 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
near 1, 2 Melbourne
g i symmetrical ii no outliers, some b Sydney: x ¼ 21.75, median ¼ 22, mode ¼ 26, range ¼ 10
clustering near 51 Melbourne: x ¼ 19.8, median ¼ 20, modes ¼ 17, 20, 24,
h i negatively skewed ii 10 is an outlier, 26, range ¼ 13
clustering near 18 c Sydney is generally warmer  higher mean, median and
2 a 36 b in the 30s and 40s lower range.
c positively skewed
d Test was too hard or students did not prepare for the test.
Exercise 9-04
e x ¼ 48.6, median ¼ 45, mode is 28, 38, 45, 47, 64
3 a 1 a B: 59.58 s R: 57.54 s b B: 59.60 s R: 57.33 s
Children per family Frequency c B: 1.71 s R: 4.55 s d Ryan, his mean and median
1 4 time is lower.
2 7 e Brooke, as her range is 1.71 s compared to Ryan’s range of
3 9 4.55 s.
4 6 2 a S: 13.1C A: 13.3C b S: 27.9C A: 26.6C
5 4 c S: 29.2C A: 26.2C d 8 days
6 3 e Sydney. Its mean and median were higher.
7 3 3 a Test 1: 59 Test 2: 67
8 1 b Test 1: 58.3 Test 2: 68.0
9 1 c Test 1: 59 Test 2: 54

9780170193047 601
 Answers

d Test 1 is positively skewed. Test 2 is slight 6 a N b N c N d C e N

positively skewed. f N g N h C i C j N
e Yes, the mean and median have increased 7 B
significantly. 8 a D b C c C d C
4 a Logan City e D f D g C h D
b L: 27.25C S: 26.13C
c L: 11C S: 12C Exercise 9-06
d Logan City, slightly lower range and temperatures
1 Teacher to check.
clustered from 26C to 28C.
2 a People at a football match would not be thinking and/or
e L: 27C S: 26C
interested in the amount of time spent on homework.
f Sydney, its mean and median are slightly lower and it
b Many sports are/have body contact to some degree.
had a temperature of 26C or more on only 8 days
c Most of the cars at the car show will use petrol.
compared to Logan City’s 14 days.
d People at a rock concert will usually favour rock music.
5 a Men Stem Women 3 Advantages – high accessibility as most people have a
9 9 9 8 6 2 telephone
8 7 2 2 1 1 0 3 3 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 9 9 – good quality control as questions are asked the
9 8 7 4 3 4 0 0 2 3 5 5 8 same way
5 3 5 1 1 4 7 – anonymity of people being surveyed
b No, the range is too high. – data can be processed quickly
c i Different (x ¼ 37.2, median ¼ 32.5). Disadvantages – time taken for survey is limited so questions
ii Different (x ¼ 42.2, median ¼ 40), but the difference are restricted to short answer type ones
is less. – people who screen calls may not answer
d Men: 29 Women: 35, 36, 37, 38, 40, 45, 51 when called
e Both are positively skewed. Clustering occurs in 30s for – if the survey is about a product, participants
both. cannot see, taste or feel the product
f Men, as their mean and median are less than that for 4 Teacher to check.
women. a Depends on the number of students in the school. For a
g Men. Their range is 29 compared to a range of 23 for large school, more students need to be surveyed.
women. b Can be given out at random to students in a school, may
only take a short time to compete.
6 Teacher to check.
c May take too much time to complete, some of the
questions may require a lengthy response.
Mental skills 9 d Personal interview  students are asked at random at
recess or lunch.
2a 8 b 0.3 c $12 d 0.8 5 a Students from each year group are chosen at random
e $48 f 1.2 g 5.6 h $18 (stratified sample).
i $3 j $7.20 k 77 l 26 b Choose students at random as they leave the canteen.
4a 12.5 b $4.50 c $10.80 d 9.9 c, d Choose students from each year group (stratified sample).
e $15 f 4.8 g $30 h $90 e Randomly select some classes from your school or from
i $14 j $7.20 k 5.7 l $10.50 different schools in NSW.
f Telephone survey or personal interview in a shopping
Exercise 9-05 centre.
6 C as all students in the school are asked. Answer A means
1 a census b sample c sample only year 9 students are asked and Answer B would only
d census e census provide an estimate.
2 a every 5 years 7 a The question is not precise enough. A better question
b 2016, 2021, 2026, …  every year ending in a 1 or 6 might be:
3 a 872 b i 17.3% ii 15.1% ‘Circle the amount of time you spend studying per week:
c i 17 ii 15 0  less than 2 hours 2  less than 4 hours 4 hours or
4 No, as these students may live close to school or they may be more’
driven to school rather than use public transport. b The question is too general. A better question could be:
5 No, as they were shoppers, and from a particular shopping ‘Select your favourite sport from the list below’ and
centre. include ‘Other’ in the list.

602 9780170193047
 Answers

c The question is too general. A better question could be: Chapter 9 revision
‘What is your income?
a $15 000  < $25 000 b $25 000  < $40 000 1 x ¼ 7, median ¼ 8, mode ¼ 8, range ¼ 6
c $40 000  < $60 000 ……’ 2 a $525 100 b $393 500
d, e The question is too general. It should include: c The median is the better measure as it is not
‘Select from the list below’ and include ‘Other’ in the list. affected by the high price of $1 750 000.
f, g The question is not precise enough. A better question If $1 750 000 is excluded, the mean is $389 000.
might be: d Because the mean is affected by either very high
‘Circle the amount of time you spend exercising/on or very low prices (outliers).
the Internet per day or week: 3 a Stem Leaf
0  less than 1 hours 1 hour  less than 2 hours 2 2
2 hours or less than 4 hours more than 4 hours ’ 3 8
h The question is too general. A better one might be: 4 2 3 5 7
‘How many text messages do you send in one day? 5 4 6 8 9
h 0  10 h 11  20 h 21  40 h more than 40 6 2 3 4 4 7
8 Teacher to check. 7 0 0 1 2 3 5 7 8 8
8 3 4 5 6 9
Power plus 9 0
b x ¼ 65.5, median ¼ 68.5, mode ¼ 64, 70 and 78, range ¼ 68
1 a c Yes, 22
Class Cumulative
d The median, as the mean is affected by the outlier 22.
interval Frequency frequency
4 a 6 b 1 c 1.93 d 2
1621 3 3
e The mean as there are no outliers.
2227 8 11
5 a Northbridge Stem Westvale
2833 7 18
9 9 7 0 5 7 7 8 9
3439 7 25
8 6 6 5 1 1 3 5 5 8 8
4045 7 32
8 7 7 3 2 2 2 4 4 4 4 5 6
4651 2 34
8 7 7 5 2 0 0 3 3 5 6 7 7
b Shape is nearly symmetrical or slight 7 5 2 4 3 4
positively skewed. No outliers or clusters. 3 5
c 2227 d 2833 b Northbridge: 27.25 min, 27.5 min, 46 min
2 If the range is too large. Westvale: 22.875 min, 24 min, 39 min
3 a i c No outliers, some clustering for Northbridge in the 30s
Stem Seedlings and for Westvale in the 20s.
0 3 4 4 5 7 7 8 d The waiting times for Westvale are less than for
1 1 1 2 3 4 4 6 6 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 Northbridge and more consistent.
2 0 0 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 7 8 8
6 a no symmetry or skewness, no outliers, clustering at 12, 14.
3 0 1 3
b symmetrical, no outliers, clustering near 100  109.
c negatively skewed, no outliers, clustering near 15  17.
ii Stem Seedlings
00 3 4 4 7 a Girls Stem Boys
05 5 7 7 8 8 1 13 4
10 1 1 2 3 4 4 8 7 5 2 14 8
15 6 6 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 6 5 3 0 0 15 0 4
20 0 0 3 3 4 4 3 2 0 16 4 4 5
21 5 5 6 7 8 8 17 0 1 5 6 6 8
30 0 1 3 18 0
b i Positively skewed, no outliers, clustered in the 10s stem. b i Nearly symmetrical ii negatively skewed
ii Symmetrical, no outliers, clustered in 1519 stem. c No outliers for girls, 134 is an outlier for the boys.
c Plot ii gives the better indication. It gives a better d Girls: 150, 150; Boys: 164.64, 167.5
breakdown of how many seedlings grow per e For the boys, the median is the better measure. For the
punnet (modal goup is 1519). girls, both measures are good.
f Girls

9780170193047 603
 Answers

g Boys. Their range is 46 cm compared to the range for 2 a 750 000 mg b 36 000 L c 67 000 g
girls, which is 32 cm. d 1500 mL e 67 mm f 3500 m
8 a sample b sample c census d sample g 9400 kg h 3750 mg i 425 cm
9 a numerical, continuous b numerical, discrete j 200 g k 26 200 mL l 300 m
c categorical d categorical m 3 000 000 mL n 5760 min o 54 000 s
e numerical, continuous p 270 000 cm q 5 000 000 mg r 700 mm
10 a Not all teens read Dolly magazine. s 29 375 000 g t 18 140 000 mm
b Only those diners interested/volunteering to complete the 3 B
survey are sampled. 4 a B b B c A d C e B
c Need to sample workers as well, not only management 5 a 8 kL b 9 cm c 3 min d 4h
who may have a biased view. e 0.375 L f 14.7 t g 8.6 g h 7.5 m
d People at a premiere are not the usual moviegoers. i 22.3 cm j 0.8 kg k 0.125 kL l 0.0035 t
e It is restricted to one radio station playing a specific type m 17 kg n 5 days o 45 t p 40 h
of music. q 1 days r 0.025 km s 0.075 kL t 34.7 m
6 B
11 a The question is too general and many responses could be 7 a 4800 kB b 2100 GB c 8500 MB
given. Instead, give choices such as always, most of the d 10 800 000 B e 2.91 kB f 0.74 GB
time, sometimes, half the time, not often, rarely, never. g 1.05 MB h 5.9 TB i 0.000 94 MB
b The question is too general. Give choices such as j 57 000 MB k 430 000 kB l 21 000 GB
excellent, good, satisfactory, poor. m 7800 B n 2.18 GB o 0.042 MB
c The question encourages bias towards saying yes because p 940 000 kB
people have died for the flag. A better question might be 8 3600 kB 9 4324 files
‘Do you think Australia’s flag should be changed?’ with a 10 a 520 000 000 ¼ 5.2 3 108 km b 6s
Yes/No response and then a choice of reasons such as c 750 y d 0.012 m e 6.4 3 108 m
h Australia is independent of Great Britain 13
f 2.0 3 10 km g 70 ms h 250 000 y
h Australia is a multicultural nation i 4.8 s j 5290 Mm k 6.2 3 1012 km
h Australia is ‘part’ of Asia l 6000 mm m 940 millennia n 8.5 centuries
h Other o 85 ly p 80 nm

Chapter 10 Exercise 10-02

SkillCheck 1 a i 1 mm ii 0.5 mm
1 a i 88 cm ii 384 cm2 b i 1C ii 0.5C
b i 112 cm ii 336 cm2 c i 1 min ii 0.5 min ¼ 30 s
c i 37.70 cm ii 113.10 cm2 d i 100 g ii 50 g
d i 70 cm ii 200 cm2 e i 1 cm ii 0.5 cm ¼ 5 mm
e i 84 cm ii 336 cm2 f i 1 ii 0.5
f i 94.25 cm ii 706.86 cm2 g i 5 km/h ii 2.5 km/h
2 a 34 000 mm b 9.25 m c 1.5 km h i 250 g ii 125 g
d 3.75 L e 380 mm f 7 500 mL i i 10 mL ii 5 mL
3 a 1
b 14 c 13 d 23 j i 1 kL ii 0.5 kL ¼ 500 L
2 36 1
4 a 180 cm3 b 2197 cm 3
c 1440 cm 3
d 4500 cm3 k i 4 tank ii  18 tank
5 a i 5 2 D
ii Three rectangles and two right triangles 3 a 1 cm b 0.5cm
iii Right triangular prism c 0.5 mm d 26.75 to 26.85 mm
b i 8 ii Six rectangles and iii Hexagonal
two hexagons prism Exercise 10-03
c i 6 ii Four rectangles and two trapeziums
iii Trapezoidal prism 1 a i 48 mm ii 110 mm2
6 a 41 b 12 c 3.9 b i 30 m ii 26 m2
c i 340 m ii 4200 m2
Exercise 10-01 d i 52 cm ii 126 cm2
e i 92 cm ii 516 cm2
1 a cm b t c km f i 136 cm ii 864 cm2
d L e kL f hour

604 9780170193047
 Answers

2 a 150 m2 b 51 m2 c 88 mm2 5 a 20 056 m2 b $4001

d 156 m2 e 210 m2 f 36 cm2 6 a 40 074 km b 47 614 km
g 189 cm2 h 1000 cm2 i 71 m2 7 1.2 m2
j 201.19 m2 k 88 000 cm2 8 a 34.56 m2 b $2592
3 B 9 4.9 m
4 a 38.72 cm2 b 27.2 cm2 10 a difference ¼ 15.708 cm b extra ¼ 157 m
11 a 39 m2 b 156% increase
Exercise 10-04 12 a Zoe 399.3 m b Jaron 405.6 m c 6.3 m

1 a 48 cm2 b 54.4 m2 c 340 mm2

Exercise 10-06
d 3 cm2 e 84 cm2 f 950 mm2
g 280 mm2 h 20 m2 i 91.52 cm2 1 C
2 a 300 mm2 b 172.5 mm2 c 90 mm2 2 a
d 360 mm2 e 120 mm2 f 72 mm2
g 66.5 mm2 h 510 mm2 i 112 mm2
3 a 84 m2 b 52.25 m2 c 800 mm2
d 190 m2 e 54 cm2 f 3.15 m2
g 84 cm2 h 144.6 m2 i 840 mm2
4 a 46 m2 b 148 cm2 c 24 m2
d 168 cm2 e 100.8 cm2 f 29.04 m2
5 a 160 m2 b 141 m2 c 7.8 m2
b
Mental skills 10A

2 a 19 b $7.50 c 87.5 d $20.20

e $3.76 f 40 g $0.925 h 89.6
i $270 j $0.38 k $152.76 l $7.25
m 315.4 n $1.07 o 42.6 p $2431.76
4a 10 b 124 c 490 d $1.72
e 14.4 f $2540 g 78 h $1.16
d
c
i $9 j $16.80 k $920 l 64
6a 100 b $0.60 c 2.5 d $1.35
e $1.84 f $4.20 g 40 h 6.5
i $0.48 j $6.90 k $3.60 l 42

Exercise 10-05
1 a i 50.27 cm ii 201.06 cm2
3 a 253.5 m2 b 4140 cm2 c 103 680 cm2
b i 32.67 cm ii 84.95 cm2
d 125.36 cm2 e 9600 mm2 f 9680 cm2
c i 94.25 cm ii 706.86 cm2
4 a 408 m2 b 348 m 2
c 2310 cm2
d i 88.59 cm ii 624.58 cm2
d 71.4 cm2 e 360 m 2
f 648 m2
2 a i 92.5 m ii 508.9 m2
5 a rectangular prism b trapezoidal prism
b i 35.7 m ii 78.5 m2
c cube d triangular prism
c i 4.1 m ii 1.0 m2
e square pyramid f cylinder
d i 136.0 m ii 1055.6 m2
g triangular prism h rectangular prism
e i 221.5 m ii 2565.9 m2
6 a 145 140 cm2 b $174.17
f i 15.1 m ii 9.4 m2
7 D
g i 17.4 m ii 5.6 m2
8 a h ¼ 8.9 m b 71.2 m2 c 862.4 m2
h i 303.9 m ii 4618.1 m2 2
9 a cube A ¼ 2646 m
3 a 182.83 cm b 72.85 cm c 121.12 mm
b rectangular prism, A ¼ 684 m2
d 129.12 m e 554.20 cm f 1416.67 m
c right triangular prism, A ¼ 9720 m2
g 103.98 m h 46.57 m i 56.55 cm
d trapezoidal prism, A ¼ 6378 m2
4 a 2228 m2 b 293 m2 c 952 m2 d 442 m2
e 63 m2 f 71 m2 g 503 m2 h 151 m2 10 a 2804 cm2 b 19 440 cm2 c 3740 cm2
i 193 m2 j 743 m2 k 4664 m2 l 471 m2 11 a 151.33 m2 b 251.33 m2

9780170193047 605
 Answers

Exercise 10-07 g 5h h 34 kB i 125 000 L

2 2 j 0.025 km k 17 000 t l 8.9 TB
1 a 747.70 m b 2550.97 cm
m 10.5 s n 9100 y o 2 600 000 m
c 206.47 m2 d 15.83 m2
2 p 2.838 3 1013 km q 0.4 ms r 75 m
2 a 904.8 cm b 8545.1 mm2
2 a i 1 mm ii 0.5 mm
3 a 2159 .8 m2 b 3.9 m2 c 1894.5 m2
2 2 b i 1 ii 0.5
d 6.5 m e 14.4 m f 1131.0 m2
2 c i 1 min or 1 s ii 0.5 min ¼ 30 s, or 0.5 s
4 a A ¼ 56.5 m b 7 L of paint
d i 10 km/h ii 5 km/h
5 The triangular prism tent has 7.6 m2 more surface area.
3 a 52 m b 74 cm c 84 mm d 114 cm
6 2073.5 cm2
4 a 432 mm2 b 64 m2 c 16 cm2 d 2340 mm2
2 2 2
Exercise 10-08 5 a 52 cm b 468 mm c 72 m
d 198 mm2 e 120 m2 f 260 cm2
1 a 135 cm3 b 64 m3 c 6120 mm3
3 3
6 a i P ¼ 62.8 cm ii A ¼ 314.2 cm2
d 1.728 m e 21 952 mm f 258.06 cm3
3 3
b i P ¼ 171.4 mm ii A ¼ 2056.8 mm2
2 a 504.8 m b 1045 cm c 19 968 cm3
c i P ¼ 59.4 m ii A ¼ 253.1 m2
3 a 1133.0 cm3 b 17 671.5 mm3 c 1.8 m3
d i P ¼ 57.3 m ii A ¼ 205.3 m2
d 1606.0 cm3 e 17 583.1 cm3 f 301 593.0 mm3
3
e i P ¼ 7.7 m ii A ¼ 3.5 m2
g 500.0 m
f i 54.8 cm ii 56.5 cm2
4 a 9.7 m3 b 94 247.8 m3 c 7.4 m3 2
7 a 14.14 m b 162.62 mm2 c 326.73 cm2
d 135.7 m3 e 5026.5 m3 f 216.9 m3
8 a 61.44 m2 b 152 m2 c 760 m2 d 2256 m2
g 42.3 m3 h 107.5 m3 i 146.3 m3
9 a 7389.03 m2 b 1437.28 mm2 c 104.33 cm2
5 C
10 a 32.768 m3 b 176 m3 c 960 m3 d 5040 m3
6 a 306 000 cm3 ¼ 0.306 m3 11 a 48 490.48 m3
b 4064.44 mm 3
c 109.93 cm3
b l ¼ 0.90 m, w ¼ 0.40 m, h ¼ 0.85 m, V ¼ 0.306 m3 12 123.75 L 13 10 800 cm3
It is easier to convert each measurement to the required units
before doing the calculation.
7 5m 8 23.76 L 9 678.58 cm3 Mixed revision 3
10 7 m 11 13 666 cm3 12 300 kL
1 a 12.5 h b 1.35 L c 0.512 GB
Mental skills 10B d 3005 g e 2700 m f 250 kB
2 a $82.80 b 560
2 a 18 b $126 c 39 d $30.30 3 a $63 720 b $12 256
e $7.50 f 10.8 g $27 h 60 4 a
Shoe size Frequency
i $240 j $3.30 k 900 l $52.50
5 5
4a 10 b 166 c $50 d $22
6 8
e 37.5 f $5.80 g 135 h $22.60
7 6
6a 500 b $20 c 4.5 d $6.25
8 5
e $81 f $35 g 16.5 h 74.5
9 3
i $195 j $425 k $31.50 l 290
10 2
8a 160 b $1.50 c 7.5 d $32.50
11 1
e $67.50 f $31.25 g 38 h $170
b Shoe sizes
Power plus
8

1 a 157.08 cm b 50p 7
2 a 70.83 cm b 125.66 m2
Frequency

6
2
3 60 cm 4 628 m 5
5 a i A ¼ 52.3 cm2 ii P ¼ 33.4 cm
4
b i A ¼ 121.1 cm2 ii P ¼ 46.6 cm
c i A ¼ 185.1 cm2 ii P ¼ 50.7 cm 3
6 V ¼ 160 cm3 7 side length ¼ 15 cm, volume ¼ 3375 cm3 2
8 40 mm
1
Chapter 10 revision 0
5 6 7 8 9 10 11
1 a 8000 m b 900 s c 700 mm Shoe size
606 d 250 kg e 8400 MB f 9500 kg 9780170193047
 Answers

c 63.3% d mode ¼ 6, range ¼ 6 Exercise 11-01

e 7 f 7.1
5 a $1076.27 b $2152.55 c $4680 1 a 7.3 b 7.2 c 8.2
6 a $752.40 b $526.68 c $3536.28 d 14.3 e 7.1 f 14.3
pffiffiffiffiffi pffiffiffi
7 a i 46, 48 ii 48.6 iii 48 iv 6 2 a i 45 or 3 5 ii 6.7
pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi
b i 70 ii 70.7 iii 70 iv 10 b i 117 ii 10.8
pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi pffiffiffi
8 a numerical, discrete b categorical c i 128 or 8 2 ii 11.3
pffiffiffiffiffi pffiffiffiffiffi
c numerical, continuous d numerical, continuous d i 68 or 2 17 ii 8.2
9 a Perimeter ¼ 72 cm, b Perimeter ¼ 66 cm, 3 a C b B
Area ¼ 212 cm2 Area ¼ 231 cm2 4 a 7.071 b 5 c 6.403 d 18.474
10 a $1206.50 b 55.3% 5 A
pffiffiffiffiffi pffiffiffi pffiffiffiffiffi
11 C 12 $904.80 13 125 g 6 a RS ¼ 20, ST ¼ 8, RT ¼ 20
14 a 200 mm2 b 240 mm2 c 30 cm2 b isosceles triangle
15 $14 218.75 7 a trapezium b P ¼ 28 units c A ¼ 38 sq units
pffiffiffiffiffi pffiffiffiffiffi
16 a Positively skewed b 2 and 3 8 a square b 52 or 2 13 units c 28.8 units
c mode ¼ 3, range ¼ 8 d 52 sq units
17 a 158 m2 b 360 cm2
3
18 a 120 m b 300 cm3 Exercise 11-02
19 a i 20.6 m ii 25.1 m2
1 A
b i 20.5 m ii 26.2 m2
2 a (4, 4) b (5, 3) c (1, 1)
c i 28.6 m ii 44.6 m2
3 a (8, 7) b (7, 8) c (412, 4)
20 a ‘People at a park’ does not represent everybody, as
d (2, 3) e (4, 412) f (7, 12)
employed people are less likely to be at the park.
g (12, 312) h (3, 12) i (1, 612)
b Not enough information obtained as responses will just be
j (1, 1) k (7, 8) l (512, 6)
Yes or No.
4 a P(2, 3) b Q(1, 1) c R(5, 5)
c Which of the following applies to you?
5 D
h going to school/TAFE/ h working part time 6 a i (12, 1) ii (12, 1)
University
b They are the same point. The diagonals bisect each other.
h working full time h retired 7 a M(12, 412)
h carer for children and/ h on unemployment pffiffiffiffiffi pffiffiffi pffiffiffiffiffiffiffi pffiffiffiffiffi
b i 50 or 5 2 ii 4:5 iii 17
or other person benefits 2
c i 7.5 units ii P ¼ 15.3 units
21 24 700 mm3 22 4710 mm2
23 a Mon: positively skewed Wed: almost symmetrical
b Mon: 8.79 Wed: 9.58
Exercise 11-03
c Mon: 8.5 Wed: 9.5 1 a þ b  c 
d Monday d  e þ f þ
e Wednesday g þ h  i þ
24 8 cm 2 a 2 b 14 c 5
3 7
d 1 e 7 f 3
Chapter 11 g 2
3 h 87 i 2
5
3 a 12 b 5 c 2
3 d 7
SkillCheck e 16 f 5
2 g 72
4 C
1 Z(2, 1) D(3, 2) Q(0, 5) P(4, 3)
5 a 1 b 13 c 5
2 a
x 2 1 0 1 2 d 12 e 0 f 12
7
y 5 3 1 1 3 g 4 h 12 i 0
6 A 7 15, 12 8 B
b 2 1 0 1 2
x 9 a mPQ ¼ 12, mQR ¼ 52, mRS ¼ 12, mPS ¼ 52
1
y 0 2 1 112 2 b QR and PS, PQ and RS. They are parallel.
c parallelogram
3 a 7.8 m b 10.8 c 12.1
4 a 65 or 115 b 25 c 11 1
5 or 25
5 a 2 b 2 c 8.5

9780170193047 607
 Answers

d y
Exercise 11-04 7 y = 3x
6
1 a y
5
7
6 4
5 3
y=x–3
4 2
3 1
2 –7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 x
–1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1
–2
–7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 x –3
–1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
–2 –4

–3 –5
–4 –6

–5 –7
–6
–7 i 0 ii 0
e y = –x y
7
i 3 ii 3
6
b y y = 2x + 2 5
7
6 4
5 3
2
4
1
3
2 –7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 x
–1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1
–2
–7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 x –3
–1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
–4
–2
–3 –5
–6
–4
–7
–5
–6
–7 i 0 ii 0
f y
10
i 1 ii 2 9
c y 8
y = –x + 5 7 7
6 6
5 5
4
4
3
3
2
2 1
1
–7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 x
–1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
–7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 x
–1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 –2
–2 –3
–4
–3
–5
–4
–6
–5
–7
–6 –8
–7 –9
y = 10 – 4x
–10
i 5 ii 5
i 212 ii 10

608 9780170193047
 Answers

g y j y
7 6
6 (x + 2) 5
y=
2 y = 3x
5 4
4
4
3
3
2
2
1
1

x –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 x
–7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 –1 1 2 3 4 5 6
–1
–2 –2
–3 –3
–4 –4
–5 –5
–6 –6
–7

i 0 ii 0
i 2 ii 1
k y
h y y = 2x + 1 x+y=4
7 6
6 5
5 4
4 3
3 2
2 1
1
–6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 x
–7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 x –1 1 2 3 4 5 6
–1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
–2
–2
–3
–3
–4 –4

–5 –5
–6 –6
–7
i 4 ii 4
i 12 ii 1 l y
i y 6
6 5
x–y=2
5 4
4 3
3 2
2 1
1 y=x–2
3 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 x
–1 1 2 3 4 5 6
–6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 x
–1 1 2 3 4 5 6
–2
–2 –3
–3 –4
–4 –5
–5 –6
–6

i 2 ii 2
i 6 ii 2

9780170193047 609
 Answers

2 B c y
3 a yes b no c yes d yes 6
e yes f no 5
4 a LHS ¼ RHS ¼ 1 for x  2y ¼ 1; 4
LHS ¼ RHS ¼ 5 for x þ y ¼ 5 3
b (3, 2) 2
5 LHS ¼ RHS ¼ 12 for y ¼ 3x þ 6; 1
LHS ¼ RHS ¼ 12 for y ¼ 2x
–7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 x
6 C –1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
7 a y –2
6 –3
5 –4
4 y = –5
–5
3 –6 x = 21
2
2 x=0
x = –3 x = –2
1
d y
–7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 x 6
–1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
5
–2
–3 4
y=3
–4 3
–5 2
–6 y = 1.5 1

–6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 x
y –1 1 2 3 4 5 6
b
7 –2
6 x = –2
y=6 –3
5
–4
4
3
–5
2 –6
1

–7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 x 8 a y¼6 b x ¼ 4 c y¼3 d x¼5

–1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
e y ¼ 5 f x¼3 g y ¼ 3 h x ¼ 1
–2 9 a y¼6 b x ¼ 5 c y¼2 d x ¼ 5
–3 y = –2
e y ¼ 2 f y ¼ 1 g x ¼ 1
–4 10 a x¼0 b y¼0
–5
–6 Mental skills 11
–7
2 a 2, 5 b 3 c 2, 3, 6 d 3, 5
e 2 f 2, 3, 5, 6 g 5 h 3
3 a 4, 9 b 4, 10 c 9 d 10
e 4, 9 f None g 9 h 4, 9, 10

610 9780170193047
 Answers

Exercise 11-05 c y y = 3x + 2
7
1 a m ¼ 3, b ¼ 2 b m ¼ 2, b ¼ 7 6
c m ¼ 1, b ¼ 4 d m ¼ 1, b ¼ 9 5
e m ¼ 34, b ¼ 6 f m ¼ 1, b ¼ 0
4
g m ¼ 12, b ¼ 11 h m ¼ 23, b ¼ 6
3
i m ¼ 2, b ¼ 8 j m ¼ 1, b ¼ 5
2
k m ¼ 14, b ¼ 0 l m ¼ 3, b ¼ 11
1
m m ¼ 0, b ¼ 5 n m ¼ 25, b ¼ 1
o m ¼ 1, b ¼ 72 p m ¼ 34, b ¼ 1 –7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 x
–1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
2 D
–2
3 a y ¼ 2x  1 b y ¼ 34x þ 2
–3
c y ¼ 3x þ 5 d y ¼ 25x þ 3
4 C –4
5 a y –5
y = 2x + 1
6 –6
5 –7

4
d y = –4x y
3
6
2
5
1
4
–6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 x 3
–1 1 2 3 4 5 6
2
–2
1
–3
–4 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 x
–1 1 2 3 4 5 6
–5
–2
–6
–3
–4
b y
5 –5
y=x–4
4 –6
3
2 e y
1 y = –3x – 3
6
–7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 x 5
–1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
–2 4
–3 3
–4 2
–5 1
–6
–6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 x
–7 –1 1 2 3 4 5 6
–2
–3
–4
–5
–6

9780170193047 611
 Answers

f y
Exercise 11-06
6
y=x+2
5 2 1 a y¼xþ4 b y ¼ 3x
2 c y ¼ 3x  5
d y ¼ 3x
2 þ7 e y ¼  3x þ 3 f y ¼ 2x  6
4
2 a y ¼ 2x þ 2 b y¼x c y ¼  2x þ 5
3 d y ¼  2x þ 3 e y ¼ 3x  3 f y ¼ x  2
2 g y ¼ 3x  10 h y ¼ 2x
5 þ2 i y ¼ 2x  3
1
Exercise 11-07
–6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 x
–1 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 a x¼3 b x ¼ 2 c x ¼ 112
2 a
–2 10
–3 9
8
–4 (3, 7)
7
–5 6
5 y = 2x + 1
–6
4
3
g y 2
9
y=8– 3x 1
8 4
–7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 x
7 –1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
6 –2
5 –3
4 –4

3 –5
2 –6

1 –7
–8
–2 –1 x –9
–1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
–2 –10

–3
x¼3
–4
b x ¼ 4.5 c x ¼ 3
–5
3 a x¼3 b x ¼ 412 c x ¼ 3
–6
4 B
5 a y
h y 7
6 y = 5x – 1 (3, 7)
2 6
5 5
4 4
y = 3x – 2
3 3
2 2
1
1
–7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 x
–6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 x –1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
–1 1 2 3 4 5 6
–2
–2
–3
–3 –4
–4 –5
–5 –6
–6 –7

x¼3
b x ¼ 3 c x¼0
612 9780170193047
 Answers

6 a y 8 a y
7 6
6 (4, 5)
5
5
y = –x + 1 4
4
y= 1x+3
3 3 2
2 2
1 1
–7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 x
–1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 x
–1 1 2 3 4 5 6
–2
–3
–2
–4 (4, –3) –3
–5 –4
–6 –5
–7 –6
x¼4
x¼4
b x ¼ 3 c x¼2
b x ¼ 4 c x ¼ 2
7 a y
10
Exercise 11-08
9
8 1 a
S
7 25
6 20
y = –2x – 1
5
15
4
10
3
2 5
1 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 M
–7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 x
–1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
b S ¼ 58 M c 22.5 cm d 64 kg
–2 2 Y ¼ 115 3 C
–3 4 a M ¼ 74V b 710.5 g
–4 c i 16 cm3 ii 205.7 cm3
–5 5 n ¼ 2.5m
–6 6 a I ¼ 0.025D b $62.50 c $125
–7 7 p ¼ 108
–8 8 a 11.25 km b 2h 8 min
–9 (4, –9) 9 A
–10 10 a 22.8 kg b 84.1 kg
11 a V ¼ 64t b 512 L c 15 min
x¼4 12 a 235.2 kPa b 141.7 m
b x ¼  12 c x ¼ 2

9780170193047 613
 Answers

3 a y
Exercise 11-09 8

1 a, b y 7
y = 2x2
8 6

7 5

4
6 y = 0.5x2
3

5 2

1
4
–3 –2 –1 1 2 3 x
3
–1
y = –0.1x 2
2 –2

–3
1
–4

–3 –2 –1 1 2 3 x –5

–1 –6

–7
–2
–8 y = –3x2
–3
b Same: concave down, vertex (0, 0)
Different: y ¼ 3x 2 narrower than y ¼ 0.1x 2
–4
4 a i vertex (0, 0)
y
–5 8
y = x2
7
–6
6

–7 5

4
–8
3 y = 0.25x 2
c Same: both concave up, vertex (0, 0)
Different: y ¼ 2x 2 is narrower than y ¼ 0.5x 2 2

2 D 1

–3 –2 –1 1 2 3 x
–1

–2

–3

–4

–5

–6

–7

–8

ii Both concave up. iii y ¼ 14x2 iv (0, 0)

614 9780170193047
 Answers

b i vertex (0, 0) d i vertex (0, 0)

y y = 2x 2 y
8 8
y = 5x 2
7 7

6 6

5 5

4 4

3 3

2 2
y = 0.2x 2
1 1

–3 –2 –1 1 2 3 x x
–3 –2 –1 1 2 3
–1 –1

–2 –2

–3 –3

–4 –4

–5 –5
–6
–6
–7
–7
–8 y = –2x 2
–8

ii y ¼ 2x 2 concave up, y ¼ 2x 2 concave down ii both concave up

iii same width iv (0, 0) iii y ¼ 0.2x 2 is wider iv (0, 0)
c i vertex (0, 0) 5 C
y
8 6 a i y ¼ x 2 þ 1, vertex (0, 1);
y ¼ x 2 þ 3, vertex (0, 3)
7
y
10
6
y = x2 + 3
9
5
8
4
7 y = x 2 +1
3
6
2
5
1
4
–3 –2 –1 1 2 3 x
–1 3

–2 2

–3 1

–4 –3 –2 –1 1 2 3 x

–5 –1
y = –0.5x 2
–6 –2

–7 –3

–8 y = –3x 2 –4

–5
ii both concave down
iii y ¼ 12x2 wider iv (0, 0) –6

9780170193047 615
 Answers

ii both concave up iii both same width

y
iv y ¼ x 2 þ 1, y-int.: 1 10
y ¼ x 2 þ 3, y-int.: 3
b i y ¼ x 2  2, vertex (0, 2);
9
y ¼ 2x 2 þ 4, vertex (0, 4)

10
y
y = 2x2+ 4 8
9
7
8

7 6
6

5 5
4
4
3

2 3
1
2
–3 –2 –1 1 2 3 x
–1
1
–2

–3
–3 –2 –1 1 2 3 x
–4

–5
–1
–6
–2
–7

–8 –3
–9
y = –x2 – 2
–10
–4
2–
y = –5x 2
–5
ii y ¼ 2x 2 þ 4 concave up; y ¼ x 2  2
concave down
–6 y = –2x 2 – 1
iii y ¼ x 2  2
iv y ¼ x 2  2, y-int.: 2
–7
y ¼ 2x 2 þ 4, y-int.: 4
c i y ¼ 5x 2  2, vertex (0, 2);
y ¼ 2x 2  1, vertex (0, 1)
–8

–9

–10

ii Both concave down. iii y ¼ 2x 2  1

2
iv y ¼ 5x  2, y-int.: 2
y ¼ 2x 2  1, y-int.: 1

616 9780170193047
 Answers

d i y ¼ 3x 2  4, vertex (0, 4); Exercise 11-10

y ¼ 2x 2 þ 2, vertex (0, 2)
1 a centre (0, 0), r ¼ 2 b centre (0, 0), r ¼ 1
y c centre (0, 0), r ¼ 9 d centre (0, 0), r ¼ 10
10 y = 2x 2+ 2 e centre (0, 0), r ¼ 5 f centre (0, 0), r ¼ 12
2 D
9
3 a x 2 þ y 2 ¼ 16 b x 2 þ y 2 ¼ 36
2 2
c x þ y ¼ 6.25 d x 2 þ y 2 ¼ 0.81
8
4 B 5 A 6 x þ y 2 ¼ 64
2
7 B
8 28 units
7 pffiffiffiffiffi pffiffiffi
9 a 12 or 2 3
b y
6 6
5
5
4
x2 + y2 = 12
4 3
2
3 1

2 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 x
–1 1 2 3 4 5 6

1 –2
–3
–4
–3 –2 –1 1 2 3 x
–5
–1
–6
–2

–3

–4 Power plus

–5 1 D(3, 5)
2 a y ¼ 23x  2 b 4
–6 3 Y(5, 4)
pffiffiffiffiffi
4 a r ¼ 73
pffiffiffiffiffi
–7 b r ¼ 73  8.54; 10 > 8.54,
[ P lies outside the circle as it is further from origin
pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi
5 RS ¼ 13, ST ¼ 13, RT ¼ 208 [ RS ¼ ST ¼ 13 units
–8
[ isosceles triangle
6 B(5, 4), C(8, 1), D(5, 2)
–9
y = –3x 2– 4
–10 Chapter 11 revision
pffiffiffiffiffi
1 a 97 b 9.8
2
ii y ¼ 2x þ 2 concave up; 2 a (3, 7) b (4, 4) c (1, 2)
y ¼ 3x 2  4 concave down 3 a i MN, CD, GH ii KL, IJ, AB iii EF
iii y ¼ 2x 2 þ 2 b i 17 ii 54 iii 14
iv y ¼ 2x 2 þ 2, y-int.: 2 pffiffiffiffiffi
c (9, 12) d 13
y ¼ 3x 2  4, y-int.: 4 4 a m ¼ 2 b m ¼ 2 c m ¼ 13
7 C

9780170193047 617
 Answers

5 y 10 a y
y = –3x + 6 10
10 y = –3x – 1
9 9
8 8

7 7
6
6
5
5
4
4
3
3
2
2
1
1
–7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 x
x –1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
–7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 1
–1 2 3 4 5 6 7
–2
–2 –3
–3 –4
–4 –5
–5 –6
–6 –7
–8
a 2 b 6 –9
6 a yes b yes c yes –10
7 a y
x = –4 x=3
6 m ¼ 3, b ¼ 1
5 b y x
y= +6
7 2
4
6
3
y=2 5
2 4
1 3
2
–6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 x
–1 1 2 3 4 5 6 1
–2 –7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1
–1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 x
–3
–2
–4
–3
–5 –4
y = –6
–6 –5
–6
b 56 units2 –7

8 a y¼4 b x ¼ 1 c y¼0
m = 12, b ¼ 6
9 a m ¼ 3, b ¼ 1 b m ¼ 1, b ¼ 8
c m ¼ 15, b ¼ 4 d m ¼ 6, b ¼ 0 11 a y ¼ 2x þ 1 b y ¼ 3x þ 1
12 x ¼ 3
6
13 a T ¼ 35 d b d ¼ 58 km

618 9780170193047
 Answers

14 y
Chapter 12
10 y = x2 + 1

9 SkillCheck
8 1 a 15 b 40% c 60% d 11
20
2 A, B, C
7 3 a 131
b 14 c 12
6 4 a ii b v c vi
d iii e i f iv
5 5 a 16 b 23 c 12 d 1
3
6 a 5, 6, 7, 8
4
b i 25% ii 100% iii 25% iv 75%
3

2
Exercise 12-01
5 9
1 1 a 26 b yes c 26 d 26
2 a 0.375 b 0.25 c 0.25
–3 –2 –1 1 2 3 x 3 a 12 b 131
c 135
d 133
2 1 2
–1
4 a 3 b 2 c 3
d 12 e 0 f 1
–2 5 a 47 b 0 c 1
6 a 13 b 23 c 13 d 19 e 59
–3
7 a 60.9% b 39.1% c 100% d 0%
–4 8 a 13 b 16 c 23 d 23
9 a 35% b 45% c 55% d 45%
–5
10 a selecting a vowel
–6 b weather not being sunny or weather being overcast
c traffic light showing amber or green
–7
d selecting a heart, diamond or club
–8 e not hitting the bullseye
f selecting a red or yellow ball
–9
11 a 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 b 15
–10 y = –2x 2 c Not spinning a 4 or spinning a 1, 2, 3 or 5.
d 1, 2, 3, 5 e 45
a y ¼ x 2 þ 1, vertex (0, 1): y ¼ 2x 2, vertex (0, 0) 12 a i 50 1
ii 0.02 iii 2%
b y ¼ x 2 þ 1 concave up; y ¼ 2x 2 concave down b i 49 50 ii 0.98 iii 98%
c y ¼ x2 þ 1 13 a 60% b 80
14 D 15 0.65 16 56 17 24%
15 B
18 0 as all mobile numbers begin with 0.
16 centre (0, 0), radius 4
y
Exercise 12-02
6
5 1 a i 0.45 ii 0.18
x 2 + y 2 = 16 b i 0.4 ii 0.2
4
3 c They are similar but not equal.
2 d 160, which is close to the observed frequency of 164.
1 2 a Teacher to check b 25%, teacher to check.
c 12 or 13, teacher to check.
–6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 x
–1 1 2 3 4 5 6 3 a 16 or 17 b–e Teacher to check.
–2 4 a Teacher to check.
–3 b i 0.4 ii 0.5 iii 0.1
–4 c Teacher to check. d Teacher to check.
–5 5 a 500
–6 b i 0.47 ii 0.468 iii 0.35
iv 0.302 v 0.832
c i 0.652 ii 0.667 d The probabilities are close.

9780170193047 619
 Answers

6 a 0.28 b 0.16 c 0.45 8 a

d 0.89 e 0.60
7 a 40 D C
b i 11
40 ii 1
8 iii 3
4 iv 1
8
4 10 11 21 14 33
8 a 31 b 31 c 31
26 5 9
d 31 e 31 f 31
3 1 1
9 a 10 b 10 c 4 12
1 9 17
d 2 e 20 f 20
10 a i 0.092 ii 0.077 b i 14 ii 21 iii 68 iv 54
b They are similar. The experimental probability is just c i 0.2625 ii 0.675 iii 0.825 iv 0.85
higher. d 47
68
c C 9 a

Exercise 12-03 SRC C

13 3
1 a 48 b i 5
ii 25 7
8 48
c i 1 ii 7
iii 23
iv 0 5
48 48 4 5
7
d 25
2 a 160
19
b i 91
ii 1
iii 19
iv 133 Y
160 2 80 160
19 53 21
v 32 vi 160 vii 80 3 17
b 19 c 7 d 14 e 56
38
c 76.25% d 91 1 39 23 51
f i 14 ii 56iii iv 56 56
3 a People that preferred watching movies just at the cinema.
g No, because information is only given about numbers
b 12
belonging to the clubs and not about the numbers
c i 0.25 ii 0.4 iii 0.7 iv 0.05
attending the school.
4 a 204
b 119  inside the rectangle but outside of the circles.
c 5
i 204 29
ii 204 43
iii 204 iv 511 Exercise 12-04
23 25 65 1 a 300 b 75 c 68
v 204 vi 34 vii 102
d i 54
ii 9 d i 31
75 ii 14 iii 157
300 iv 58
75
85 85
5 a 79 b 3 2 a 130 b 68.5%
79
61 89 1
46 51 34 c i 130 ii 130 iii
c i 79 ii 79 iii 79
5
23 7 8
45 iv v vi
d 79
26 26 13

47 10 14
3 a 240 b i 121 ii 119
e i 79 ii 79 iii 79
:
9 36
c 53: 3 % d 80 e 121
6 a 14 118
4 a 183 b i 183 ii 183
D S c 35.5% d 43
e 169
50 183
5 a 148
10 8 12
b i 75% ii 9.5% iii 60.8% iv 39.2%
53
c 148 ¼ 35:8% d 2337 ¼ 62:2%
6 a 965
b i 18:4% ii 49:4% iii 21:8% iv 27:7%
4 2 1
b i 15 ii 5 iii 3 c 2
d 31
5 52
11
iv 1 v 15 e A larger proportion of males eat breakfast. 59.6% for
7 a 9 b males compared to 40% for females.
S M 7 a 320 b 43.4% c 56.6% ¼ 181
320
d 49.7% e 38%
6 9 15
Mental skills 12

2 a $700 b $800 c $400 d $700

c Because neither playing sport nor watching a movie was
e $300 f $400 g $250 h $300
not an option.
7
i $300 j $500
d i 10 ii 12 iii 15

620 9780170193047
 Answers

Exercise 12-05 6 a First Second Outcomes

1 a BA, BW, BL, BN, AB, AW, AL, AN, WB, WA, WL, WN,
draw draw
LB, LA, LW, LN, NB, NA, NW, NL 3 33
b i 202 1
¼ 10 6
ii 20 ¼ 103 2
iii 20 ¼ 101
iv 14 7
20 ¼ 10
4 34
3 5 35
2 a 56, 58, 59, 65, 68, 69, 85, 86, 89, 95, 96, 98,
b 12 8 38
6
c i 12 ¼ 12 9
ii 12 ¼ 34 6
iii 12 ¼ 12 2
iv 12 ¼ 16 3 43
3 a 4 44
Die 4
1 2 3 4 5 6 5 45
H H1 H2 H3 H4 H5 H6 8 48
Coin
T T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6
1 3
b i 12 ii 12 ¼ 14 iii 4
12 ¼ 13 3 53
4 a 4 54
1 2 3 4 5 6 5
5 55
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
8 58
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 3 83
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 4 84
8
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 5 85
6 7 8 9 10 11 12 8 88
4
b i 2 1
ii 6
¼ 16 iii 26
¼ 13 b i ¼ 14 ii 8
¼ 12 iii 6
¼ 38 iv 2
¼ 18
36 ¼ 18 36 36 18 16 16 16 16
30 5 18 7 a Saturday Sunday Outcomes
iv 36 ¼ 6 v 36 ¼ 12 vi 12
36 ¼ 13
5 a
First Second Outcomes F FF
ball ball
B BB F

B Y BY R FR
F RF
G BG
B BB R

B Y BY R RR
1 1 3
b i 4 ii 4 iii 4
G BG
B YB 8 a 14 b 1
2 c 1
4
d 14 e 3
4 f 1
4
Y B YB 9
1st die
G YG
1 2 3 4 5 6
B GB
1 1, 1 1, 2 1, 3 1, 4 1, 5 1, 6
G B GB 2 2, 1 2, 2 2, 3 2, 4 2, 5 2, 6
Y GY 3 3, 1 3, 2 3, 3 3, 4 3, 5 3, 6
2nd die

b i 2
¼ 16 ii 2
¼ 16 iii 4
¼ 13 iv 10
¼ 56 4 4, 1 4, 2 4, 3 4, 4 4, 5 4, 6
12 12 12 12
5 5, 1 5, 2 5, 3 5, 4 5, 5 5, 6
6 6, 1 6, 2 6, 3 6, 4 6, 5 6, 6
1 1 11 4
a 6 b 18 c 36 d 9

9780170193047 621
 Answers

10 a i CB, CP, CS, RB, RP, RS, WB, WP, WS, YB, YP, YS 5 a 210
ii 1st 2nd Outcomes b i 48.1% ii 32.4% iii 51.9% iv 73.3%
68
course course c i 109 ¼ 62.4%
B CB 6 a a AB, AC, AD, BA, BC, BD, CA, CB, CD, DA, DB, BC
b First Second Outcomes
C P CP
draw draw
S CS B AB
B RB A C AC
R P RP
D AD
S RS A BA
B WB
B C BC
W P WP
D BD
S WS A CA
B YB
C B CB
Y P YP
D CD
S YS A DA
1
b 2 D B DB
11 a i 12, 13, 14, 15, 21, 23, 24, 25, 31, 32, 34, 35, 41, 42, 43,
C DC
45, 51, 52, 53, 55
1 5 1
ii c i 0 ii 6 iii 6 iv 2
1 2 3 4 5 7 a Dice 1
1 12 13 14 15 1 2 3 4 5 6
Dice 2
2 21 23 24 25 1 0 1 2 3 4 5
3 31 32 34 35 2 1 0 1 2 3 4
4 41 42 43 45 3 2 1 0 1 2 3
5 51 52 53 54
4 3 2 1 0 1 2
i 35
b ii 35
5 4 3 2 1 0 1

Power plus 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
1 5 1
b i 6 ii 9 iii 6
1 a 16 b 365
c 25
216
2 Teacher to check the tree diagram.
a 14 b 16 1
c 3
d 15 Chapter 13
8 16
5 5
e 16 f 16 SkillCheck
5 5 5 13
3 a 18 b 18 c 9 d 18
1 B and I, C and E, D and L, F and P, G and K, J and T, Q
Chapter 12 revision and S
2 a i \P and \Y, \R and \B, \T and \W
1 a 60% b 16 ii PT and YW, PR and YB, RT and BW
2 a 12 2
b 13 c 4 b i \E and \N, \G and \V, \M and \Q, \X and \C
13
3 a i 0.36 ii 0.32 iii 0.83 iv 0.175 ii EX and NC, XM and CQ, MG and QV, GE and VN
b i 0:3_ ii 0:3_ iii 0:83_ iv 0:16_
c They are similar but not equal. d C Exercise 13-01
4 a 13
1 a Yes, same size and shape. b Yes, same size and shape.
b
c No, different size. d Yes, same size and shape.
M T e No, different size. f Yes, same size and shape.
2 A and H, C and E, D and I, F and G
8 13 5 3 a, d and j, c and n, f and m, g and i, h and l
4 a i PR and MK, RT and KL, LM and TP
ii \R and \K, \P and \M, \T and \L
b i EF and CD, FG and DA, GH and AB, HE and BC
4 9 13 17
c i 15 ii 15 iii 30 iv 30 ii \E and \C, \F and \D, \G and \A, \H and \B

622 9780170193047
 Answers

c i ST and WV, SQ and WC, QT and CV 4 a \CDF ¼ \EFD, \DCE ¼ \FEC

ii \T and \V, \S and \W, \Q and \C b Opposite sides of a rectangle.
5 a i W: 106 mm, Y: 106 mm ii W: 630 mm2, Y: 630 mm2 c AAS
b Yes d Matching sides of congruent triangles.
6 a i nABC: 9.9 cm or 10 cm (to the nearest cm) e diagonals, bisect
nKLH: 9.9 cm or 10 cm (to the nearest cm) 5 a SSS
ii nABC: 4.5 cm2, nKLH: 4.5 cm2 b i TSU
b Yes ii bisected, diagonal
7 perimeter, area, congruent, equal iii bisected, diagonals
10 a F b F c T d T 6 a D C
×
Exercise 13-02
1 a SAS b AAS c SAS d AAS ×
e SSS f AAS g RHS h AAS A B
i AAS j AAS k SSS l RHS b AAS
2 a B b B c i matching, sides, congruent ii Opposite, equal
3 a nABC ” nNMP (SAS) b nKLQ ” nFED (AAS) 7 a \BEL ¼ \GHL (alternate angles, BE k HG),
c nAXT ” nGYE (RHS) d nMVR ”nSPC (SSS) \EBL ¼ \HGL (alternate angles, BE k HG)
e nBTV ” nPSX (AAS) f nCNQ ” nDCE (SAS) b Equal sides of a rhombus c AAS
g nPTU ” nLVW (SSS) h nFLD ” nHKW (SAS) d i GL, HL ii diagonals, bisect
4 a w ¼ 24 b x ¼ 28, p ¼ 7 c a ¼ 34 8 a SSS b Matching angles of congruent triangles.
d b ¼ 26 e y ¼ 65 f x ¼ 45, k ¼ 8 c SSS
5 a 25 cm b b ¼ 25 d Yes, matching angles of congruent triangles.
6 63.6 e 60 f equilateral 60
7 a ¼ 118, k ¼ 43, x ¼ 28
8 a No b No c Yes, SAS
Exercise 13-04
d Yes, RHS e No f No
1 a 2 b 23 c 23 d 223
7
Exercise 13-03 e 10 f 113 g 145 h 125
2 a
1 a SSS
b \DCB, \CDB, \CBD
c i DC ii CB iii equal iv bisected, BD
e SAS f CX g \DXC h 90
i diagonal, right
2 b Z × Y

×
W X
c AAS d \Y f AAS
g matching angles of congruent triangles b
h angles, equal
3 a SSS
b Matching angles of congruent triangles.
c equal, equal
d \KML
e 90

9780170193047 623
 Answers

c b i \W and \D, \X and \E, \Y and \G, \Z and \H

ii WX and DE, XY and EG, YZ and GH, WZ and DH
iii ZYXW ||| HGED
c i \T and \F, \R and \W, \P and \V, \M and \S, \J
and \K
ii TR and FW, RP and WV, PM and VS, MJ and SK, TJ
and FK
iii TRPMJ ||| FWVSK
d i \Q and \N, \K and \C, \B and \G
ii QB and NG, BK and GC, KQ and CN
iii nQKB ||| nNCG
e i \F and \X, \E and \W, \C and \Y
d ii FE and XW, CE and YW, CF and YX
iii nFEC ||| nXWY
f i \K and \T, \L and \Q, \M and \S, \P and \U
ii KL and TQ, KP and TU, PM and US, LM and QS
iii PMLK ||| USQT

Mental skills 13

2a 2
3 b 45 c 57 d 12
1
e 4 f 16 g 56 h 25
i 5:9 j 5:9 k 9 : 20 l 4:5
m 9:7 n 4:3 o 35 4
p 35
4 a 17
40 b 23 c 16
25 d 14
e 5 2
e 24 f 25

Exercise 13-05
8
1 a Yes (12 ¼ 20 2
30 ¼ 3) b Yes (12 27 21 3
20 ¼ 45 ¼ 35 ¼ 5)
623
c Yes (46 ¼ 69 ¼ ¼ 10
10
2
15 ¼ 3) d Yes, all squares are similar.
e Yes, matching angles are f Yes, all equilateral triangle
equal. are similar.
2 a k ¼ 14, x ¼ 6 b y ¼ 12.5, p ¼ 19.2
c x ¼ 21 d a ¼ 12, q ¼ 1 23, w ¼ 3 13
7
f e d ¼ 16 f b ¼ 2118
g w ¼ 1045 ¼ 10.8, x ¼ 23 13 h c ¼ 19 41

3 d ¼ 15
4 a ¼ 2137
5 1313 m 6 8.9 m 7 21 m
8 a A and D, scale factor ¼ 2 b B and D, scale factor ¼ 34
c C and D, scale factor ¼ 35 d A and D, scale factor ¼ 12

Exercise 13-06
1 1 : 500 2 1 : 35 3 8:5 4 3:1
5 1 : 7500
3 a Yes b Yes
6 a 1 : 5000 b 70 m
c No d Yes
7 1000 : 1 8 730 km
e No f Yes
9 a 8.2 m b 4.2 m
g No h No
10 a 100 km b 80 km c 54 km d 224 km
4 a i \A and \L, \B and \M, \C and \K
12 a Scaled length ¼ 30 mm, scaled height ¼ 43 mm
ii AC and LK, AB and LM, BC and MK
b 12.9 m
iii nACB ||| nLKM

624 9780170193047
 Answers

Exercise 13-07 7 a

1 a AA b SSS c RHS d SAS

e SAS f AA g SAS h RHS
i SSS j SSS k SAS l SAS
2 C
3 a B and C (SAS) b B and C (RHS)
c B and D (SSS) d C and D (AA)
4 In two triangles, if two pairs of matching angles are equal,
then the remaining pair of matching angles must also
be equal, due to the angle sum of all triangles being 180.
5 a nEFD ||| nPMR (SSS)
b nUTW ||| nKAM (SAS)
c nUZV ||| nHPZ (RHS) b
d nWLB ||| nXAT (AA)
e nKWP ||| nGEF (SSS)
f nLEA ||| nRBX (SAS)

Power plus

1 Teacher to check.
2 a \E ¼ \D ¼ 90, BM ¼ CM
b Vertically opposite angles are equal.
c \E ¼ \D ¼ 90 8 a No, 12 20
18 6¼ 29 b Yes, 5:25 6 7:5
7 ¼ 8 ¼ 10
\BME ¼ \CMD (see part b) 9 a y ¼ 8.75, p ¼ 6.4 b a ¼ 18, w ¼ 27
BM ¼ CM 10 C 11 a 6.4 m b 4.2 m
[ nBME ” nCMD (AAS) 12 a SAS b SSS c AA
d Matching sides of congruent triangles.
e Matching angles of congruent triangles. Mixed revision 4
3 a VW || XY
b Alternate angles, VW || XY. 1 a no b yes c yes
c \V ¼ \Y (proved in b) 2 a 32 b 7.5 m
\W ¼ \X (proved in b) 3 0.8
[ n VWD ||| n YXD (AA) 4 a i 59 2
ii 27 iii 23 iv 25
27
d k ¼ 9, m ¼ 30 b 9 5

4 33.25 m 5 625 m
pffiffiffiffiffi
5 a true b false c true 6 a 26 units b 5.7 units
pffiffiffiffiffi
d false e true f true 7 PQ ¼ 26 ¼ QR Since 2 sides are equal, it is an isosceles
Chapter 13 revision triangle.
8 (1, 0) 9 a 15 b 1
10 y
1 B and I, C and J, D and K. 4
y = 4 – 2x
2 a \F and \M, \E and \P, \D and \R, \C and \T. 3
2
b CF and TM, CD and TR, DE and RP, FE and MP.
1
c FEDC ” MPRT
3 a SAS b RHS c SSS –4 –3 –2 –1 0 x
–1 1 2 3 4
4 C –2
5 a opposite sides of a rectangle b CB –3
c All angles in a rectangle are 90. d SAS
e BD f They are equal. a 2 b 4
4
6 a 2 b 35 c 1.5 11 a 15 b 107

9780170193047 625
 Answers

12 a y 23 a SSS b 90 c bisect, right angles

y = x2 – 2 24 equiangular or AA

–1 0 1 x General Revision
–2

1 a 288 cm3 b 910 m3 c 84 m3 d 4536.5 mm3

b (0, 2) c concave up 2 A
13 a SAS b AAS c SAS d RHS 3 a 21d 2 b 4s
5r c 8y  6e
14 y¼4 4 a 23
15 a 15 b 23 b i 9 ii 6 iii 6.2 iv 6
16 a gradient 12, y-intercept 3 c 1 d Yes, around 5 and 6.
b y ¼ 2x  5 5 a QD b QD c QC d C
6 a SAS b AAS c SAS d RHS
y 7 a Japan Vietnam
y = 2x – 5
4
3
8 4 5 13
2
1

–4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 x 4 17 13
–1 2 3 4 5 b i 15 ii 30 iii 30
8 a 144 km/h b 0.6 kg/min
–2
9 y ¼ 2x  4
–3 10 a $1571.48 b $6833.33
–4 11 a K b 6.71 m

–5
9m
6m
17 a 188 kPa b 125 m
18
1st die L M
1 2 3 4 5 6 12 a 30 cm2 b 320 mm2 c 30 m2
1 1, 1 1, 2 1, 3 1, 4 1, 5 1, 6 13 a 63.6 cm2 b 160.2 cm2 c 3.4 m2
2 2, 1 2, 2 2, 3 2, 4 2, 5 2, 6 14 $1008.15
3 3, 1 3, 2 3, 3 3, 4 3, 5 3, 6 15 a QR b \L c nSRQ
2nd die

4 4, 1 4, 2 4, 3 4, 4 4, 5 4, 6 16 a k 12 b d5 c 15p3q4
8r3
5 5, 1 5, 2 5, 3 5, 4 5, 5 5, 6 d 4k 4 e 125 f 5
6 6, 1 6, 2 6, 3 6, 4 6, 5 6, 6 17 a
Score Tally f fx
1 11 1 1
a 18 b 36 c 6 d 2 45 1 45
19 A 47 2 94
20 a 3 b y ¼ 3x þ 1 2
48 96
21 x 2 þ y 2 ¼ 16
49 6 294
22 a
50 11 550
Kayaking Bushwalking 51 7 357
52 9 468
20 15 5 53 2 106
Total 40 2010

3 5
b i 8 ii 8

626 9780170193047
 Answers

b 50.25 ii y
c
12 3
10
y = −x2 + 3
Frequency

8
0 x
6
4
iii y
2 4
0 3
45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55
Scores 2 x 2 + y2 = 4
d 50 e 50 1
18 a 3  6y b 2x 2  7x c 4m þ 4m2
–4 –3 –2 –1 x
2
d 5x  13x  28 –1 1 2 3 4
19 4d  23 –2
20 D
–3
21 a 35.93 m b 62.5 m2
–4
22 D 23 $761.10
24 a 2(y þ 4) b 5a(1  3b) c 2b(4a  1)
b gradient 2, y-intercept 1 c (0, 3)
25 a 6.36 b 15.63 c 108.21
35 $1925 36 $88 37 B
26 52.7%
38 a 396 cm2 b 476 cm2 c 792 cm2
27 a m ¼ 55 b e ¼ 41 c k¼8
39 a m ¼ 825 b k ¼ 412 c y ¼ 112
28 y¼5
  pffiffiffiffiffi d x ¼ 3 e x ¼ 20 f a ¼ 713
29 a 12; 212 b 82 c 19 5
40 a 7.14 3 10 b 3.5 3 10 4
c 1.5763 3 107
30 2.5 cm 15 11
41 a 2.4 3 10 b 4.2 3 10
31 a rectangle b equilateral triangle
42 a i 0.15 ii 0.17 iii 0.47
c rectangle d isosceles triangle
iv 0.64 v 0.70
32 a 2 b 33 c negatively skewed
b 180; the actual frequency of 173 is close to this.
33 C
43 a 35 b 35 c 43
34 a i y 44 a 1080 b 135 c 45 d 360
4
3
2
1

–2 –1 0 1 2 3 x
–1

–2 y = 2x – 1

9780170193047 627