Q1: How can a network help a small business save money on printing? (2.

5 marks)

If a company uses a reliable computer network system for their startup, they can save money on
printing through following ways:

 They can set up a good computer network system and can attach only one printer connected to
all the computers.
 This will prevent them from spending money on different printers each for each computer.
 The electricity bill will also be decreased.
 There will be less heat in the room and they could spend less money on air conditioners which
are required to cool the machinery.
 Less machinery, lesser the electricity and lesser the heat, which will directly lead to save more
money and that could be used to establish more business.

Q2: Name any 5 software and their types that you use on your computer system. (2.5 marks)

Five software used on a computer system are:

1) MS Windows (Operating System) / System software

2) McAfee Antivirus (Utility) / System software
3) Picasa (Multimedia Software) / Application Software
4) Google Docs (Word Processor) / Application Software
5) Opera (Web Browser) / Application Software

Q3: WannaCry -- ransomware, 2017. (5 marks)

WannaCry is a ransomware cryptoworm that threatens to publish the victim’s data or block access to it
until the demanded ransom is paid, basically is it a malicious software that denies access to computer
systems. It targeted the computer systems running the Microsoft Windows operating system by
encrypting data and demanding heavy amount of ransom in bitcoin cryptocurrency. It is a network
worm including a transport mechanism to automatically spread itself. It propagated
through EternalBlue, an exploit developed by the United States National Security Agency (NSA) for older
Windows systems. EternalBlue was stolen and leaked by a group called The Shadow Brokers a few
months prior to the attack. After subsided many payments totaling millions of dollars had been
transferred. Around 200,000 computers were infected in 150 countries.

HOW IT STOPPED?

Microsoft released its emergency updates and advised the organizations to apply the updates for further
protection against potential attacks with the same characteristics but the discovery of the kill switch was
a great move. Researcher Marcus Hutchins  discovered the kill switch domain hardcoded in the
malware. Registering a domain name for a DNS sinkhole stopped the attack spreading as a worm,
because the ransomware only encrypted the computer's files if it was unable to connect to that domain,
which all computers infected with WannaCry before the website's registration had been unable to do.
While this did not help already infected systems, it severely slowed the spread of the initial infection and
gave time for defensive measures to be deployed worldwide.