INTERNATIONAL INDIAN SCHOOL, JEDDAH

Class 8, Chapter 8.Comparing Quantities

Notes:

1. Finding the Increase or Decrease Per cent:

𝐶ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑒

Increase or Decrease percent = × 100
𝑂𝑙𝑑 𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑒
2. Finding Discounts:
Discount is a reduction given on marked price.
Discount = Marked Price – SalePrice
Discount can be calculated when discount percentage is given.
Discount = Discount % of Marked Price.

3. Additional expenses made after buying an article are included in the cost price and
are known as overhead expenses.

CP = Buying price + Overhead expenses

4. Sales Tax(ST) or Value Added Tax(VAT) is charged on the sale of an item by the
Government and is added to the Bill Amount.

Sales Tax = Tax% of Bill Amount

5. Compound Interest(CI) is the Interest calculated on the previous year’s amount.

(i)Amount when interest is compounded annually

𝑹 𝒏
= P( 𝟏 + ) P is Principal, R is rate of interest, n is time period
𝟏𝟎𝟎

(ii)Amount when interest is compounded half yearly

𝑹 𝟐𝒏 𝑹
= P( 𝟏 + 𝟐𝟎𝟎 ) is half yearly rate and 2n is number of half-years
𝟐
Exercise 8.2 Question 1

Question 2.

Question 3.
A shopkeeper buys 80 articles for ₹ 2,400 and sells them for a profit of 16%. Find the
selling price of one article.
Solution:
Cost price of 80 articles = ₹ 2,400
Cost of 1 article = ₹ 2400÷80 = ₹ 30
Profit = 16%
Hence, the selling price of one article = ₹ 34.80

Question 4.
The cost of an article was ₹ 15,500. ₹ 450 were spent on its repairs. If it is sold for a
profit of 15%, find the selling price of the article.
Solution:
CP of the article = ₹ 15,500
Money spent on repairs = ₹ 450
Net CP = ₹ 15,500 + ₹ 450 = ₹ 15,950
Profit = 15%

Hence, the selling price of article = ₹ 18342.50

Question 5.

A VCR and TV were bought for ₹ 8,000 each. The shopkeeper made a loss of 4% on
the VCR and a profit of 8% on the TV. Find the gain or loss per cent on the whole
transaction.
Solution:
Cost price of a VCR = ₹ 8,000
Loss is 4%

Hence, the shopkeeper gained 2% profit on the whole transaction.

Question 6.
During a sale, a shop offered a discount of 10% on the marked prices of all the items.
What would a customer have to pay for a pair of Jeans marked at ₹ 1450 and two shirts
marked at ₹ 850 each?
Solution:
Marked Price (MP) of Jeans = ₹ 1,450
MP of two shirts = ₹ 850 × 2 = ₹ 1,700
Total MP = ₹ 1,450 + ₹ 1,700 = ₹ 3,150
Discount = 10%

Thus, the customer will have to pay ₹ 2,835.

Question 7.
Question 8.
The price of a TV is ₹ 13,000. The sales tax charged on it is at the rate of 12%. Find the
amount that Vinod will have to pay if he buys it.
Solution:
Marked price of the TV = ₹ 13,000
ST = 12%

The required amount that Vinod has to pay = ₹ 14,560

Question 9.
Arun bought a pair of skates at a sale where the discount is given was 20%. If the
amount he pays is ₹ 1,600, find the marked price.
Solution:
Let the MP of the skates be ₹ 100
Discount = ₹ 20% of 100 = ₹ 20
Sale price = ₹ 100 – ₹ 20 = ₹ 80
If SP is ₹ 80 then MP = ₹ 100
If SP is ₹ 1 then MP = ₹ 100÷80
If SP is ₹ 1,600 then MP = ₹ 100÷80 × 1600 = ₹ 2,000
Thus the MP = ₹ 2000.

Question 10.

I purchased a hair-dryer for ₹ 5,400 including 8% VAT. Find the price before VAT was
added.
Solution:
Let the original price be ₹ 100
VAT = 8% of 100 = ₹ 8
Sale price = ₹ 100 + ₹ 8 = ₹ 108
If SP is ₹ 108 then original price = ₹ 100
If SP is ₹ 1 then the original price = ₹ 100÷108
If SP is ₹ 5,400 then the original price = ₹ 100÷108 × 5,400 = ₹ 5,000
Thus, the price of hair-dryer before the addition of VAT = Rs.5000
Exercise 8.3: