HW4, PSCI 1030, Lawler

1. Review unit conversions from HW 1.

2. Review scientific notation from HW 1.

3. Review the scientific method and hypothesis from HW 1.

4. How do you describe the motion of an object, when the acceleration and velocity are
parallel? Anti-parallel? Perpendicular?
A. Parallel :the object will increase in speed
B. Anti-Parallel: the objects speed will slow down
C. Perpendicular: the speed remains constant but the direction changes.

5. An apple is launched straight upward with a speed of 5 m/s.

Is the acceleration constant? What is its speed after 0.5 s? How far has it travelled after 0.5s?
A. Yes: The acceleration is constant in the downward direction at -9.8 m/s 2
B. Vf =5 -9.8(.5)=0.1m/s2
C. How far? Y=0=5(.5)-1/2(9.8)(.5)2= 1.275m

6. Does the acceleration of a free-falling object near the Earth's surface depend on it's mass?
Discuss your answer in context of Newton's Law of Gravitation and Newton's Second Law.
A. NoThe mass, size, and shape of the object are not a factor in describing the motion of
the object. So all objects, regardless of size or shape or weight, free fall with the same
acceleration. :Fm1=G m1m2/r2(distance between objects)
7. Review units and SI units for: time, displacement, velocity, acceleration, mass, momentum,
and energy.
A. Time=sec
B. displacement =meters
C. Velocity= m/s
D. Acceleration= m/s2
E. Mass=kg
F. Momentum=kg*m/s
G. Energy= kg*m2/s2

8. A bat strikes a ball initially headed in the positive direction.  The ball reverses direction after
impact, with the same speed as coming in.  The initial speed of the ball is 7 m/s, and its mass is
0.25kg.  What is the magnitude of the ball's momentum before impact, in SI units? What is the
direction of the momentum before impact? What is the direction of the momentum after
impact? What is the direction of the impulse?
A..25kg*7 m/s= 1.75N or 1.75ms-1
B. the momentum is positive.
C. after impact the momentum is negative.
D. the direction of impulse is the same but twice as strong
9. A 2kg block slides up an inclined ramp, that has 3m vertical height, and 10m length along the
ramp itself. The block slows as it slides up the ramp. If it travels all the way up the ramp, how
much work did gravity do? How much work did friction do? Is the sign of the work by gravity
positive or negative? Is the sign of the work by friction positive or negative? Is the sign of the
net work positive or negative? Answer the same questions as above, for the case when the
block is sliding down the ramp instead of up the ramp.
Part1
a. gravity did-(Mg*3) of work
b. The sign for the work done by gravity is negative –(Ff*10).
c. the sign for friction is negative
D. normal force is 0
E. NWork is negative.
Part2
a. Gravity is positive because its in the same direction going down the ramp.
b. Friction is negative (Ff*10)
c. Normal force is still 0
d. If the block is speeding up the Netforce is positive, if slowing the Netforce is negative

10. Give an example of uniform circular motion (or an approximate example at least). How
would you characterize the direction of the net force? How would you characterize the
direction of the velocity?
a. the direction of the Netforce is centripetal
b. the direction of the velocity is tangential

11. A force, F acts on a mass, during a time interval t, as the object moves over a distance d.
How can you find the change in its kinetic energy? How can you find the change in its
momentum?
a. by using the formula for work we can find the change in momentum ∆P=PF -Pi= FT
b. by using the formula for impulse ∆KE=KEf-KEi= F*D(in the direction of force).

12. What is the sign of work done by a force the is parallel to the object's velocity? Anti-
parallel? Perpendicular?
a. if the force and velocity are parallel then the sign for fork will be positive.
b. if anti-parallel the work is negative (slowing objects.)
c. if perpendicular the work is 0.