Unit 1 Simple Present Tense

Definition:
Simple present tense is used when we talk about daily, gradual, habitual, scheduled, and
regular actions. It could be also used to talk about general or universal facts.

Usages:
1. Daily action: We come to our English class every day.
2. Habitual action: I go to bed around 11:00 pm every night.
3. Gradual action: Australia becomes a modern country day by day.
4. Scheduled action: The bus arrives at 10:00 am. The plane leaves at 02:00 pm.
5. General fact: My brother is a student. He studies at a high school.
6. Universal fact: The earth is round. Islam is the final religion of God.
7. Permanent action: She works with a bank. I live in Texas.

Affirmative sentences
Structure: Subject + Verb1 (s/es) + ROTS (Rest of the sentence)

Examples:

• I go to school every day.

• She watches TV for three hours every night.
• My father works with a big firm.
With (is/am/are): Subject + be + ROTS

Examples:

• I am a student.
• He is happy today.
• We are in the class room.

Negative Sentences
Structure: Subject + do/does not/(don`t/doesn`t) + Verb1 + ROTS

Examples:

• We do not/don`t like war.

• He does not/doesn`t smoke cigarette.
• My young brother does not/doesn`t listen to my advice.
With (is/am/are): Subject + be + not + ROTS

Examples:

• He is not/isn`t intelligent.
• Our teacher is not/isn`t angry today.
• She is not/isn`t a good doctor.
• They are not/aren`t here.

Interrogative Sentences/Yes, No Questions

Structure: DO/Does + subject + verb1 + ROTS

Example:

• Does she study hard every night? Yes, she does.

• Do you like pizza? No, I don`t.
• Does she go to school every day? Yes, she does.
With (is/am/are): Be + subject + ROTS

Examples:

• Are you a student? Yes, I am.

• Is your father a doctor? No, he isn`t.
• Am I a farmer? Yes, you are.
• Are they at home? No, they aren`t.
Negative Interrogative sentences
Structures:

Complete form: Do/Does + subject + not + verb1

Examples:

• Does he not bother you? Yes, he does sometimes.

• Do they not learn English at Learn ESL Center? I think they do.
• Does she not go to school? I am sure she does.
Short from: Don`t/Doesn`t + subject + verb1 + ROTS

Examples: Don`t you want to improve your English? I sure do.

• Doesn`t she go to school in the afternoon? I think, yes.

• Don`t they like to spend some time with us? I`m not sure.

With (is/am/are):

Complete form: Be + subject +not + ROTS

Examples:

• Is he not a student? I have no idea.

 • Are they not at school today? I don`t know.
• Am I not your best friend? You definitely are.
• Are you not mad at me? No, I`m not.
Short form: Be not + subject + ROTS

Examples:

• Aren`t you sick today? Yes, a little.

• Aren`t they in the class room? I`m not sure.
• Isn`t he a good driver? He absolutely is.
• Aren`t you Mike? Yes, you`re right. I am Mike.

WH/Information Questions
Structure: WH + do/does + subject + verb1 + ROTS

Examples:

• What do you want from me?

• Where does she go every morning?
• When does your school start?
• Why do you complain so much?
• How do you do?
With (is/am/are): WH + be + subject + ROTS

Examples:

• Where are you from?

• What is your destination?
• How are you today?
• Why are you so angry today?
• When is your birthday?
Structures for (Which): Which + noun + do/does + subject + V1 + ROTS

Examples:

• Which province do you live in?

• Which city does she like in the USA?

With (is/am/are): Which + noun + be + subject + ROTS

Examples:

• Which country is he from?

• Which class are you in?
• Which district are they from?
 Structures for (Who):

As subject: Who + verb1 (s/es) + ROTS

Examples:

• Who teaches the grammar classes at Learn ESL Center?

• Who manages that big company?
• Who waters the garden every week?
With (is/am/are): Who + be + ROTS

Examples:

• Who is your teacher at Learn ESL Center?

• Who are you?
• Who are those people with black jackets?
• Who is happy today?

As object: Who + do/does + subject + verb1 + ROTS

Examples:

• Who do you learn English from? (Informal)

• From whom do you learn English? (Formal)
• Who does she go shopping with? (Informal)
• With whom does she go shopping? (Formal)
• Who does he send a letter to? (Informal)
• To whom does he send a letter? (Formal)
• Who are you looking at? (Informal)
• At whom are you looking? (Formal)
Conversation:
Student1: Are you a ____________________________?

Student2: No, I am not. I am a student.

Student1: Are you a high school/collage/university student?

Student2: Yes, I am. What about you?

Student1: I am also a high school/collage/university student.

Student2: Oh, really? Which high school/collage/university do you study at?

Student1: I study at _________________________. Which __________________________ do you study at?

Student2: I study at _________________________________.

Students1: Great! I hope both of us successfully graduate one day.

Student2: I hope so too.

Exercise 1:
1. She _____________ four languages.

a. speak

b. speaks

2. Jane is a teacher. She _______________ French.

a. teach

b. teaches

3. When the water _______________, will you make some tea?

a. boil

b. boils

4. I always _______________ the window at night because it is cold.

a. close

b. closes

5. Those shoes ________________ too much.

a. cost

b. costs

6. The food in Japan is expensive. It ______________ a lot to live there.

a. cost

b. costs

7. His job is great because he ________________ a lot of people.

a. meet

b. meets

8. He always _________________ his car on Sundays.

a. wash

b. washes

9. My watch is broken and it ________________ to be fixed again.

a. need

b. needs

10. I ________________ to watch movies.

a. love
b. loves

11. I _________________ to the cinema at least once a week.

a. go

b. goes

12. They never _______________ tea in the morning.

a. drink

b. drinks

13. We both __________________ to the radio in the morning.

a. listen

b. listens

14. He ______________________ a big wedding.

a. want

b. wants

15. George _____________________ too much, so he's getting fat.

a. eat

b. eats

16. The earth ____________________ around the sun, doesn't it?

a. go

b. goes

17. The shops in England ____________________ at 9:00 in the morning.

a. open

b. opens

18. The post office _______________ at 5:30 pm.

a. close

b. closes

19. Jackie __________________ two children now.

a. has

b. have

20- Mr. Smith _________________ too much. He always has a cigarette in his mouth.

a. smoke
 b. smokes

21- When the phone ___________________, please answer it.

a. ring

b. rings

Exercise 2:
1- Does she go to school every day?
a- Yes, she do.
b- Yes, she does.
2- Do you learn English at Learn ESL Center?
a- Yes, I do.
b- Yes, I does.
3- Do I teach you English?
a- Yes, you do?
b- Yes, you does.
4- Are they your friends?
a- Yes, they is.
b- No, they aren`t.
5- Am I a student?
a- Yes, you is.
b- Yes, you are.
6- What do they _____________ here?
a- does
b- do
7- How __________ he come here every morning?
a- do
b- does
8- Where does he ______________ ?
a- work
b- works
9- Why do you ___________ me?
a- bother
b- bothers
10- When does she ______________ ?
a- comes
b- come
11- ________________ you want to join Learn ESL Center?
a- Do
b- do
12- _________________ your brother study at university?
a- Does
b- does
13- What ____________ he want?
a- Does
b- does
14- Who ________________ TV every night?
a- does watch
b- watches
15- Who ______________ to school every day?
a- goes
b- does go
16- Who _____________________ swimming with?
a- does he go
b- he goes
17- Why __________________ come to Learn ESL Center?
a- you
b- do you
18- At whom _____________________?
a- he looks
b- does he look
19- To whom _________________ English?
a- you teach
b- do you teach
20- Which company __________________ for?
a- he works
b- does he work