Course

Pakistan studies

Submitted

MaamShazia Chand

Submitted by

UmairJameel

Registration no.

CIIT/FA19-BPsy-001/LHR

Section: TA

SemesterT4

DepartmentTOfTHumanities

COMSATSTUniversityTIslamabad,LahoreCampus.
 Creation of Pakistan

Significant movements in history:

The Pakistan Movement or Tehreek-e-Pakistan was a political movement in the 1940s that aimed
and succeeded in building Pakistan from the predominantly Muslim areas of Britain and India;
The movement continued within India with an independent Indian
organization, but the Pakistan Movement sought to establish a new country that defended the
religion and political interests of South Asian Muslims.
Conceptual vision of two nations:
The vision of two nations was the basis for the establishment of the Pakistan Movement, and the
partition of India in 1947.
The idea that religion is the key to defining Indian nationalism was used by Muhammad Ali
Jinnah. He called it the ‘Islamic awakening in building Pakistan’.

Role of Quaid-E-Azam
 Jinnah, whose true political career began when he joined the Islamic League in 1913,
became a politically familiar figure in the now-known Lakh episode of Pact (1916) when
he was co-ordinated as a Hindu-Muslim alliance but events that followed gave a new
dimension to Indian politics.
 The motto of the Hindu-Muslim alliance showed that it was short. The failure of the
Khilafat Movement and the Nehru Report divided the minds of Muslims from falsifying
the unity of Hindus and Muslims.
 But Jinnah got into her man because of his hard work and courage. He was so successful
in defending the Islamic system that the evil Hindu scheme failed to achieve its
objectives.
 His Fourteen Points (1929) saved Muslims from the octopus of Congress.
Ideology of Pakistan and Iqbal:
  Iqbal was strictly against nationalism. He considered all the Muslims to be a part of One
Ummah. For him, a Muslim in any part of the world was part of brotherly relation. He
considered nationalism to be a coffin for the Muslim Umma.
 Thus, highlighting the limitations and disadvantages of nationalism, Iqbal gave the
philosophy of a "Millat-e-Islamia" and this philosophy became the basis of Pakistan's
ideology.
Pathway to Pakistan 23 March Resolution:
 The idea of a separate homeland for the Muslims of subcontinent took shape through a
process of evolution. It started with the realization of the fact that the Muslims of south
Asia are quite different from the Hindus and their future in a democratic India would be
at stake 23rd March is observed as Pakistan Day every year.
 The Muslim League held its annual session at Minto Park in Lahore, Punjab, that lasted
from 22 March till 24 March 1940.
 During this event, the Muslim League led by Muhammad Ali Jinnah and other Founding
Fathers narrated the events regarding the differences between Hindus and Muslims, and
moved the historical resolution that cemented the formation of a nation-state in South
Asia as Pakistan, even though it did not actually mention Pakistan at all.
Aims and objects of creation of Pakistan:
 Setting up for a free Islamic country
 The main objective of creation of Pakistan was to establish a free Islamic society having
its own identity and government, practicing its own social principles and religion and
inviting the Muslim world.
Establishment of Islamic democracy:
 Establishment of Islamic democracy Islam has given an ideal concept off democracy
which is distinctively different from the western concept.
 In Islam democratic system everyone is equal and no one enjoys a privileged position on
the basis of his social status. One of the main objectives of the freedom movement was
that the Muslims of the subcontinent wanted a country where the ideal system of Islamic
democracy could be installed.
  Islam has given an ideal concept off democracy which is distinctively different from the
western concept. In Islam democratic system everyone is equal and no one enjoys a
privileged position on the basis of his social status.
 One of the main objectives of the freedom movement was that the Muslims of the sub-
continent wanted a country where the ideal system of Islamic democracy could be
installed
Protection of Muslim culture and civilization:
 The Muslims were always a separate nation because of their distinctive cultural values
and patterns.
 They were easily distinguishable from other nations on the basis of their social behaviors.
 The Muslim culture, civilization and literature were the living and proud symbols of the
Muslims identity as a separate and distinct nation. Although the Muslims lived with
Hindus and other nations for centuries, yet they proudly main tend their separate image.
 Hindus are the people who follow the practices and beliefs of Hinduism while Muslims
are those that follow Islam.
 Hindus believe in many gods while Muslims believe in only one God, Allah.
 Hindus don’t eat cows while Muslims don’t eat pigs.
 Hindus believe in rebirth or reincarnation while Muslims believe in the separation of the
soul and body after death.
 Muslims observe many religious practices like the names, rose, and Shahadah.
Protection of Urdu language:
 This situation provoked the Muslims to come out in order to protect the importance of the
Urdu language.
 The opposition by the Hindus towards the Urdu language made it clear to the Muslims of
the region that Hindus were not ready to tolerate the culture and traditions of the
Muslims.
 Hindus began to demand that Hindi should be made an official language in place of Urdu,
and they started a movement in Banaras in which they demanded the replacement of
Urdu with Hindi.
Establishment of a balanced economic system:
  The economic condition of the Muslims, before partition was deplorable. The Muslims
were not in a position to enter in the business and trade because of biased policy of
government After the war of Independence of 1857, the British Government had banned
Muslims entry into government service.
 The Muslims also lagged behind in the field of education, the Hindus on the other hand
had advanced in modern knowledge and were in a better position.
Protection of Muslim image and identity:
 In the United India the Muslims were dominated by the Hindus in every social field.
 The Muslims were not in a position to compete with the Hindus because of their
backwardness in education and politics.
 The Hindus had adopted a prejudicial attitude which blocked all channels to prosperity
and progress for the Muslims.
 The national image and identity of the was in great jeopardy because of the Hindu hatred
and antagonism
Conclusion:
 Indeed, even as late as June 1946, whatever the political forces and conditions at work
the alternative path of united India was more likely and more imminent choice, and it
was Jinnah alone who made the crucial decisions that led Muslim India directly to
Pakistan within a year that transferred the possibility of an independent Muslim
homeland into actuality. Thus, Jinnah’s person was crucial and actual in the making of
Pakistan.
 The whole world acknowledged that had there been no Jinnah there would have been no
Pakistan. And the nation rightfully acclaimed him Quaid-I-Azam The Great Leader.
 As a result of the Pakistan Movement led by Muhammad Ali Jinnah and the
subcontinent's struggle for independence, Pakistan was created in 1947 as an
independent nation for Muslims from the regions in the east and west of the
Subcontinent where there was a Muslim majority.