Chapter 3

(3.1 Work)
1. Figure 3.14 shows situations in which a force is exerted on a box. A force is exerted on the box
that undergose a displacement to the right. The magnitudes of the force and displacement are
the same in all four cases. Which of the following is the correct order of the amount of work
done by the force F, from most positive to most negative?
(a) d, c, a, b (b) c, a, b, d (c) c, a, d, b

answer: (c)

2. A person lifts a heavy box of mass m a vertical height h and then walks horizontally a distance d
while holding the box. Determine the work done by the person and by the force of gravity on the
box.
answer: Wp=Wg=mgh

3. If a person lifts a 20.0 kg box from a well and does 6.00 kJ of work, how deep is the well?
Assume that the speed of the box remains constant as it is lifted.
answer: W=mgh
h=30m

4. Starting from rest, a 5.00 kg block slides 2.50m down a rough 30.0°incline. The coefficient of
kinetic friction between and the incline is μk =0.400. Determine (a) the work done by the gravity,
(b) the work done by the friction force between the block and the incline, and (c) the work done
by the normal force.
answer:
(a) h=x·sin30.0°=1.25m
Wg=mgh=62.5J
(b) Wf=μk mgcos30.0°·x=25√3=43.25 J
(c) Wn=0

(3.3 Energy)
6. Three identical balls are thrown from the same height, all with the initial speed. The first ball is
thrown horizontally, the second at some angle above the horizontal, and the third at some angle
below the horizontal, as shown in Figure 3.16. Neglecting air resistance, rank the speeds of the
balls as they reach the ground, from the fastest to slowest.
(a) 1, 2, 3 (b) 2, 1, 3 (c) 3, 1, 2
(d) all three balls strike the ground at the same speed
answer: (d)

8. A mechanic pushes a 3.0×10 3kg car from rest to a speed of v, doing 6000J of work in the
process. During this time interval, the car moves 25.0m. Neglecting the fiction between the car
and the road, find (a) v and (b) the horizontal force exerted on the car.
answer:
(a) W=1/2mv2 v=2m/s
(b) W=F x F=240N

9. A 7.00kg bowling ball moves at 3.00m/s. How fast must a 2.45g Ping-Pong ball move so that
the two balls have the same kinetic energy?
answer:
mPing-Pong=2.45g=2.45×10-3kg
1/2mbowlingvbowling2=1/2mPing-PongvPing-Pong2
vPing-Pong=25714.28571m/s

10. A 2500kg car moves down a level highway under the actions of two forces: a 900N forward
force exerted on the drive wheels by the road and a 700 resistive force. Use the work-energy
theorem to find the speed of the car after it has moved a distance of 10.0m, assuming that it
starts from rest.
answer:
(Ff-Fr)x=1/2mv2 v=1.6m/s

(3.4 Conservation of energy)

11. A child and a sled with a combined mass of 50.0kg slid down a frictionless slope. If the sled
starts from rest and has a speed of 10m/s at the bottom, what is the height of the hill?
answer:
mgh=1/2mv2 h=5m

12. A 0.50kg ball slides on a curved wire, starting from rest at point A in Figure 3.18. If the wire is
frictionless, find the speed of the bead (a) at B and (b) at C.
answer:
(a) mghAB=1/2mvB2 vB=10√2 m/s
(b)mg(hAB-hBC)=1/2mvc2 vc=10m/s