26.

Attention to detail is a primary characteristic of an organization's culture that indicates the

degree to which management focuses on results or outcomes rather than on the techniques and
processes used to achieve them. False
27. Subcultures act to undermine the dominant culture. False
28. A strong culture tends to reduce employee turnover. True
29. In virtual organizations, it is difficult to establish a common set of norms. True
30. A strong culture tends to be a liability for an organization when its environment is undergoing
rapid change. True
31. Resistance to change can be positive if it leads to open discussion and debate.
32. Employees are more accepting of changes when they are committed to the organization as a
whole. True
33. Politics of change suggests that the impetus for change is more likely to come from inside
change agents. False
34. Short tenure in management is associated with innovation. False
35. Double-loop learning is an error correction process that relies on past routines and present
policies. False

B. Essay Questions
1. What are the seven key parts of the communication process?
2. What is leadership? How is it different from management?
3. List and discuss the bases of formal power.
4. Define and describe the traditional view of conflict.
5. Compare and contrast centralized and decentralized organizations.
6. "Formalization and culture are two different roads to a common destination." Explain the
statement.
7. What are the various individual sources of resistance to change?
8. Explain the differences between a low-context culture and a high-context culture. Provide
examples.

C. Multiple choices.
1. Which of the following statements is true with regard to communication?
A) Perfect communication is not dependent on a channel and its richness.
B) Communication cannot be used to motivate and control employees in an organization.
C) Communication involves the mere imparting of meaning to another person or group.
D) Communication involves the transfer and understanding of meaning.
E) Perfect communication results in dissimilar mental models.

2. Norah Baines has been one of the most devoted teachers at Oakwood Academy. She has been
working with the institution for seven years and is expecting a promotion soon. However, Norah's
candidacy for this promotion is passed over in favor of another less experienced male employee as
Norah plans to start a family soon. Consequently, Norah writes a formal letter voicing her concerns.
Norah's letter fulfills the ________ function of communication.
A) control
B) informal
C) facilitation