INTRODUCING YOUR-SELF

BY : TITUS EMILIUS
FOR UMJ STUDENT
INTRODUCING YOURSELF
GENERAL
STATE WHO YOU ARE CLEARLY. Try not to mumble or else the person you’re introducing
yourself to might have to ask again… and again… and again… until they simply smile and nod
without ever knowing what your name is.
BE FRIENDLY. Even in formal situations, you can be friendly. Saying something like “Hi
there, I’m…” with a smile says a lot about you. You seem confident and easy to talk to. If you
were in a very formal setting you might say “Hello, I am…” the point is you should introduce
yourself in a way that is approachable. Very formal settings might require you to use ‘proper’
English (no contraction’s etc.) but in most other areas shortening words is fine.
KNOW YOUR AUDIENCE . It doesn’t matter if you’re speaking to one person or a thousand,
knowing your audience is key. Obviously, if you’re introducing yourself you don’t know the
person, but from context you should have an idea about how they are going to be. Meeting the
in-laws for the first time probably isn’t the best time to tell a joke as you introduce yourself, but
meeting a friend of a friend at the bar might be.
If you are sitting when you first meet somebody you are going to introduce yourself to, then it’s
always best to stand if you are able. It’s often seen as the polite thing to do, so it’s a way that you
can use body language to impress the person you are introducing yourself to.
Greeting
FORMAL DAN INFORMAL
IT DEPEND WHERE YOU ARE , THE SITUATION YOU ARE IN .
FORMAL GREETING :
1. HELLO
2. GOOD MORNING
3. GOOD AFTERNOON
4. GOOD EVENING
5. GOOD DAY ( OLD FASHION BRITISH ENGLISH )
Greeting
INFORMAL GREETING :
1. HEY
2. HI
3. YO
4. WHAT’S UP ?
5. WHAT’S GOOD ?
6. HOW’S EVERYTHING GOING?
7. HOW’S THING?
YOUR NAME
YOU NEED TO INTRODUCE YOUR NAME WHEN YOU ARE INTRODUCING YOUR
SELF : WHAT’S YOUR NAME?
1. I AM ……….
2. My full/ first/ last name is ……………….
3. MY NAME IS……………………………….
4. MY NAME’S ……………………………….
5. THIS IS ………………….................................
6. THIS IS ………...............................SPEAKING ( on the phone )
Your name

7. You can call me ………………………….

8. They call me …………………………….
9. Please call me …………………………….
10. Everyone calls me ……………………….
11. My nickname is ………………………….
LOCATION
HOW YOU MENTION YOUR ORIGIN. WHERE ARE YOU FROM ?/ WHERE DO YOU
COME FROM? WHERE WERE YOU BORN?
1. I’M FROM ……( PLACE NAME )
2. I’M …………...( NATIONALITY )
3. I COME FROM ……..( PLACE NAME )
4. I WAS BORN AND RAISED IN ……( PLACE NAME )
5. I WAS BORN IN…..( PLACE NAME )…BUT RAISED IN …….( PLACE NAME )
6. I GREW UP IN ….( PLACE NAME ) …BUT NOW, LIVE IN….( PLACE NAME ).
7. I’VE BEEN LIVING IN …..( PLACE NAME ) FOR THREE YEARS.
LOCATION
WHERE DO YOU LIVE? WHAT IS YOUR ADDRESS?

1. I LIVE IN ……………………………………………….
2. MY ADDRESS IS ……………………………….( CITY )
3. I LIVE ON ……………………………( NAME STREET ADDRESS )
4. I LIVE AT……………………………………………
5. I SPENT MOST OF MY LIFE ……………………….
6. I HAVE LIVED IN………………….FOR/SINCE……..
AGE
HOW OLD ARE YOU?
1. I’M …………………………………….…YEARS OLD
2. I’M ………………………………………
3. I’M OVER ……………..................................
4. I’M ALMOST …………………………….
5. I’M NEARLY ………………………………
6. I’M AROUND YOUR AGE.
7. I’M IN MY TWENTIES / LATE THIRTIES

FAMILY
HOW MANY PEOPLE ARE THERE IN YOUR FAMILY?
WHO DO YOU LIVE WITH ?
WHITH WHOM DO YOU LIVE ?
DO YOU HAVE ANY SIBLING?

• THERE ARE ……………………………( NUMBER ) PEOPLE IN MY FAMILY .

THEY ARE ……………………………
• THERE ARE …………………………….( NUMBER ) OF US IN MY FAMILY .
• MY FAMILY HAS ………………………( NUMBER ) PEOPLE
• I LIVE WITH MY
………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………
• I AM THE ONLY CHILD .
• I DON’T HAVE ANY SIBLING

BIRTHDAY
WHAT IS YOUR DATE OF BIRTH?
WHEN IS YOUR BIRTHDAY?
WHAT IS YOUR PHONE NUMBER?
1. MY BIRTHDAY IS ON……………………………..
2. MY PHONE NUMBER IS …………………………
Hobbies/ LIKES / DISLIKE

WHAT IS YOUR HOBBY? WHAT DO YOU LIKE TO DO ? WHAT IS YOUR FAVORITE

THINGS TO DO?
1. I LIKE /LOVE/ ENJOY…………………………( SPORTS/MOVIES )
2. I AM INTERESTED IN ……………………………………………….
3. I AM GOOD AT …………………………………………………….
4. MY HOBBY IS ………………………………………………………..
5. MY HOBBIES ARE ………………………………………………..…
6. MY FAVORITE SPORT IS ……………………………………………….
7. I HAVE A PASSION FOR …………………………………….......
8. I DON’T LIKE / DISLIKE ……………………………………………………
9. MY FAVORITE FOOD/ DRINK IS……………………………………
HOBBIES / LIKES / DISLIKE
WHAT DO YOU LIKE DOING IN YOUR FREE TIME?
WHAT DO YOU DO IN YOUR SPARE TIME?

1. IN MY FREE TIME , I LIKE …………………

2. I LIKE ………………….WHEN I’M FREE.
3. AT WEEKENDS I SOMETIMES GO TO……………….( PLACES )
EDUCATION
WHERE DO YOU STUDY? WHAT DO YOU STUDY? WHAT IS YOUR MAJOR ?

1. I AM A STUDENT AT …………………( SCHOOL )

2. I STUDY AT …………………………...( SCHOOL )
3. I AM AT……………………………….( SCHOOL )
4. I GO TO ……………………………..( SCHOOL )
5. I STUDY ………………………………( MAJORS )
6. MY MAJOR IS……………………….( MAJORS )
Majors in English: accounting, advertising, arts, biology, economics, history, humanities,
marketing, journalism, sociology, philosophy, …
EDUCATION
WHY DO YOU STUDY ENGLISH ? DO YOU SPEAK ENGLISH?
HOW LONG HAVE YOU BEEN LEARNING ENGLISH / LEARNED ENGLISH?

1. I CAN SPEAK ENGLISH VERY WELL / WELL.

2. I HAVE BEEN LEARNING ENGLISH FOR/ SINCE …………………
3. I CAN EXPRESS MY SELF AND COMMUNICATE IN ENGLISH.
EDUCATION
WHICH GRADE ARE YOU IN? WHICH YEAR ARE YOU?
1. I AM IN ………………………………GRADE .
2. I AM IN MY FIRST / SECOND/ THIRD/ FINAL YEAR.
3. I AM A FRESHMAN .
4. I GRADUATED FROM…………………………………….
5. MY PREVIOUS SCHOOL WAS………………………….

EDUCATION
WHAT IS YOUR FAVORITE SUBJECT ?
1. MY FAVORITE SUBJECT IS………………………………..
2. I AM GOOD AT ………………………………..( SUBJECT )

Subjects: Maths, English, Physics, Physical Education, Science, Music, …

MARITAL STATUS/ RELATIONSHIP

ARE YOU MARRIED ? DO YOU HAVE A BOY FRIEND / GIRL FRIEND ?
1. I AM MARRIED/ SINGLE / ENGAGED/ DIVORCED.
2. I AM NOT SEEING/ DATING ANYONE.
3. I AM NOT READY FOR A SERIOUS RELATIONSHIP.
4. IT’S COMPLICATED.
5. I AM GOING OUT WITH A ……………..( SOMEONE )
6. I AM IN A RELATIONSHIP.
7. I AM IN AN OPEN RELATIONSHIP.
8. I HAVE A BOYFRIEND / A GIRLFRIEND / PARTNER / LOVER.
9. I AM IN LOVE WITH ………………..( SOMEONE )
MARITAL STATUS / RELATIONSHIPS
10. I AM GOING THROUGH A DIVORCE.
11. I HAVE A HUSBAND / WIFE.
12. I AM A HAPPILY MARRIED MAN/ WOMAN.
13. I HACE A HAPPY / UNHAPPY MARRIAGE.
14. MY WIFE / HUSBAND AND I , WE’RE SEPARATED.
15. I AM AVAILABLE.
16. I HAVEN’T FOUND WHAT I’M LOOKING FOR
17. I’M READY FOR A REBOUND RELATIONSHIP.
18. I’M A WIDOW/ WIDOWER.
19. I’M STILL LOOKING FOR THE ONE.
20. I ( DON’’T ) HAVE ….. ( NUMBER ) CHILDREN
PERSONALITY TRAITS
HOW IS YOUR PERSONALITY?

1. I AM A ……………( CHARACTER / PERSONALITY ) PERSON

2. I’M ………………………… ( CHARACTER / PERSONALITY )
3. MY BEST QUALITY IS …………….( CHARACTER/ PERSONALITY ).
Character & Personality for self-introduction: brave, calm, gentle, courteous, creative, hard-
working, rude, unfriendly, unreliable, lazy, stingy, insensitive, …
YOUR JOB
WHAT DO YOU DO ? WHAT DO YOU DO FOR LIVING ? WHAT ‘S YOUR JOB ? WHAT
SORT OF WORK DO YOU DO?
WHAT DID YOU WANT TO BE WHEN YOU GREW UP?
1. I AM A/AN ………………………………………
2. I WORK AS A/AN………………………………...
3. I WORK FOR ( COMPANY ) AS A/AN ………………
4. I AM UNEMPLOYED / I AM OUT OF WORK / I AM BETWEEN JOBS
5. I AM LIVING AS A/AN………………………………………………..
6. I AM LOOKING FOR A JOB/ I AM LOOKING FOR WORK
7. I AM RETIRED.
8. I WOULD LIKE TO BE A/AN …………………………………………….
9. I USED TO WORK AS A/ AN …………………………………………………AT
……………………………………( PLACE )
10. I JUST STARTED AS ……………………………………………..IN THE
…………………………………DEPARTMENT.
11. I HAVE BEEN WORKING IN ……………………………………………..( CITY )
FOR……………YEARS

POSITION AND COMPANY

HOW DO YOU EXPLAIN YOUR WORK.
1. I WORK AT ( COMPANY ) IN THE ......................DEPARTMENT.
2. I WORK FOR GOGGLE IN THE MARKETING MANAGEMENT
3. I STUDY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH JAKARTA
4. I TAKE MEDICINE AS MY MAJOR .

EXAMPLE
GOOD AFTERNOON EVERYONE, MY NAME IS TITUS , YOUR ENGLISH TEACHER
HERE. I AM 48 YEARS,
I LIVE IN JAKARTA. OTHER THAN TEACHING, I AM ALSO A BUSINESS COACH AS
MY PROFESSIONAL WORK. I LIKE TO READ MANY KIND OF BOOKS, FROM
BUSINESS, SCIENCE, NOVEL AND EVEN COMIC. ALSO I DO COOKING IN MY SPARE
TIMES.
I THINK THAT’S ALL AND IT’S ENOUGH ABOUT MY SELF.
 GOOD NIGHT
Future tenses
By Titus Emilius
Medical faculty ,
Jakarta Muhammadiyah University.
Future tenses
Simple Future (Future Indefinite) Tense
The simple future tense is used when an action is promised/thought to occur in the future.
Structure:
Subject + shall/will + verb + . . . . . . . .

Example:
• We shall move to another city.
• He will come to New York tomorrow.
• They will make a phone which has artificial intelligence.
Future tenses
Note: The structure of the present progressive tense also can be used when an action is
promised/arranged/planned to take place in the near future.

Example:
• We are moving to Texas next week.
• The bus is leaving at 6.00 PM.

Future tenses
• will write articles on different topics.
• Robert will read various kinds of books.
• They will play football in that field.
• April will prefer coffee to tea.
• Bob will go to the library tomorrow.
• We will go shopping in that market this Monday.
• We will watch a movie in this Cineplex on next Friday.
• You will shop at that market tomorrow.
• I will sing different kinds of songs, especially modern.
• I will attend a program of my varsity on Friday.
• Jeff will travel around the world in March.
• They will play hockey in that field on Thursday.
• The poet will write a romantic poem for this program.
• The lyricist will write a realistic song.
• Will you go to the concert of realistic songs?
• I will not attend the program because of my busy schedule.
• Robin will join us in the meeting.
• I will help him to do the task.
• We will go to enjoy the musical drama.
• I will arrange all the necessary materials for the program.
FUTURE TENSES - SUMMARY
Future tenses
Future Continuous Tense
The future continuous tense is used when an action is promised/thought to be going on at a
specific time/context in the future.
Structure:
Subject + shall/will + be + verb+ing . . . . . . . .

Example:
• I shall be sleeping at around 6.00 AM tomorrow.
• They will be playing at this time tomorrow.
• She will be watching TV when I come home.
• I will be working in the office while you watch a movie.
Future tenses
• I will be writing articles on different topics.
• Robert will be reading various kinds of books.
• They will be playing football in that field.
• April will be having coffee in this coffee shop.
• Bob will be going to the library.
• We will be shopping in that market this Monday.
• We will be watching a movie in this Cineplex on next Friday.
• You will be shopping at that market tomorrow.
• I will be singing different kinds of songs, especially modern.
• I will be attending a program of my varsity on Friday.
• Jeff will be traveling around the world in March.
• They will be playing hockey in that field on Thursday.
• The poet will be writing a romantic poem for the program.
• The lyricist will be writing a realistic song for the film.
• Will you be going to the concert of realistic songs?
• I will not be attending the program because of my busy schedule.
• Robin will be joining us at the meeting.
• I will be helping him to do the task.
• We will be going to enjoy the musical drama.
• I will be arranging all the necessary materials for the program
FUTURE TENSES - SUMMARY
Future tenses
Future Perfect Tense
The future perfect tense is used to demonstrate an action which is promised to be done by a
certain time in the future.
Structure:
Subject + shall/will + have + verb in the past participle . . . . . . . .

Example:
• I shall have completed the assignment by Monday.
• She will have cleaned the house before her father comes.
• Alex will have submitted the tender by tomorrow.
• Before I go to see her, she will have left the place.
• They will have finished making the bridge by January.
Future tenses
• I will have written articles on different topics before you come.
• Robert will have read various kinds of books.
• They will have played football in that field before you reach.
• April will have gone to the coffee shop before she comes here.

• Bob will have gone to the library before he comes to the class.
• We will have shopped in that market before you come home.
• We will have watched a movie in this Cineplex before you come.
• You will have shopped at that market before we come.
• I will have sung different kinds of songs before you join us.
• I will have attended the program before I come here.
• Jeff will have traveled around the world before he comes to Bangladesh.
• They will have played hockey in that field before you reach.
• The poet will have written a romantic poem before the program starts.
• The lyricist will have written a realistic song for the film.
• Will you have gone to the concert of the realistic songs before I come?
• I will not have attended the program because of my busy schedule.
• Robin will have joined us at the meeting before you reach.
• I will have helped him to do the task before the class starts.
• We will have enjoyed the musical drama before the game show starts.
• I will have arranged all the necessary materials before the program starts.
FUTURE TENSES - SUMMARY
Future tenses
Future Perfect Continuous Tense
Definition of Future Perfect Continuous Tense
Future Perfect Continuous Tense represents a continuous action which will be done at a certain
time in the future. If two actions take place in the future, the first one which will be continued is
Future Perfect Continuous Tense and the second one is Simple Present Tense.
Note : There is no practical use of this tense.
Examples
• I will have been writting articles on different topics before you come.
• Robert will have been reading various kinds of books on this topic.
• They will have been playing football in that field before you reach.
Future tenses
• They will have been playing football in that field before you reach.
• April will have been gossiping in the coffee shop before she comes here.
• Bob will have been studying in the library before he comes to the class.
• We will have been shopping in that market before you come home.
• We will have been watching a movie in the Cineplex before you come.
• You will have been shopping in that market before we come.
• I will have been singing different kinds of songs before you join us.
• I will have been attending the program before I come here.
• Jeff will have been traveling around the world before he comes to Bangladesh.
• They will have been playing hockey in that field before you reach.
• The poet will have been writing a romantic poem before the program starts.
• The lyricist will have been writing a realistic song for the film.
• Will you have been going to the concert of the realistic songs before I come?
• I will not have been attending the program before I finish this job.
• Robin will have been joining us at the meeting before you reach.
• I will have been helping him to do the task before the class starts.
• We will have been enjoying the musical drama before the game show starts.
• I will have been arranging all the necessary materials before the program starts.
FUTURE TENSES - SUMMARY
Future tenses - reading
Research has shown that ‘intention’ beats ‘motivation’. What often happens is that we create
short, medium- and long-term goals without adding the ‘when’ and the ‘how’, like: I’ll change
my career, I’ll increase my salary, and I’ll have a better work life balance. However, motivated
you feel to take action on your goals, if they are worded like this, they are too vague and open
ended, without the ‘when’ and the ‘how’ there is no catalyst for action.
The simple way to be more intentional is to fill out this sentence: I will [BEHAVIOUR] at
[TIME] in [LOCATION].
For example, I will spend twenty minutes every lunchtime at my desk, scanning recruitment
sites for jobs, I will meet my boss on Wednesday at 4pm and ask what I would need to be doing
to get a pay rise, or I will not work late on Wednesday and Friday and be home by 6pm.
And have a plan for when it all doesn’t work, The “if–then” strategy gives you a clear plan for
overcoming the unexpected stuff, which means it’s less likely that you’ll be swept off track.
When things don’t go to plan.
If I miss scanning job sites at lunchtime, I will sacrifice my favourite TV show and use that time
instead. If I don’t get to have the conversation with my boss, I will speak to HR about my pay
grade/ promotion opportunities and research the typical wage for my role and experience. If I end
up working late, my family can choose chores that I need to do to make it up to them at the
weekend.
Future tenses - reading
You shall keep it focused on what you want, not want you don’t want. If you want to work on
your relationship, you might say I want to be a happy and loving partner, instead of I want to
avoid splitting up. You shall also only focus on you, you can’t set the intention for your partner
to be more loving and happier, although it would be a hopeful consequence of your behavior.
Most importantly, you shall keep it firmly in the here and now, not in the future. Intentions can
be done today, they are not in the distance, they are about making things happen now. If your
intention can’t be started today, it will be too big, or isn’t right. Go back to the beginning and
work it through.
MEETING PEOPLE 01
By Titus Emilius
UMJ Medical Faculty
GREETING
Hello.
Hello, Good morning.
I’m John Smith.
Are you Bill Jones?
Yes I am.
 How are you?
Fine, thanks.
How is Helen?
She’s very well, thank you.
greeting
Other expression in greeting :
Good afternoon/evening Mrs/Mr……….

How do you do? ……………..Answer with How do you do

How are you this /afternoon/evening?

Good night, ( name of the person )

Good-bye, ( name of the person )
See you tomorrow.

Expression in class
( Would you ……………… )
Come in, please.
Sit down. Stand up, please.
Open your book, please. Close your book, please.
Please , don’t open your book.

Do you understand? Yes, I understand No, I don’t understand.

Listen and repeat. Now read, please. That’s fine.
It’s time to begin. Let’s begin now. This is the first lesson
Introduction and courtesy
What’s your name? My name is (Jones ).
What’s your first name? My first name is ( Bill ).
How do you spell your last name? ( Jones, J. O. N. E. S , Jones. )
What’s your friend’s name? His name is ( John Smith ).
( John ) and I are old Friends.
Are you ( John’s ) brother? No , I am not . I am not John’s brother.

Introduction and courtesy

This is Mr. Jones.

How do you do? How do you do?
Mrs. Jones, this is Mr. John Smith.
Very pleased to meet you.
Day and month
What day is today? Today is Monday.
What day was yesterday? Yesterday was Sunday.
What day is tomorrow?
What month is this? This is March.
Last month was December, wasn’t it? No, it wasn’t.
Day and month
What month is next month?
I was in the hospital for several weeks.
Where were you on Tuesday?
You were here in February, weren’t you? No, I wasn’t.
Your friend was here a week ago, wasn’t he?
About object
Do you have a book? Yes, I do.
You have a radio, don’t you? No, I don’t.
I don’t have a phonograph, either.
Does this radio belong to you? Yes, I think it does.
Don’t you have my hat? Yes, I have both your hat and your coat.
Does John have a yellow pensil? Yes, he does.
He has a radio, doesn’t he? No, he doesn’t have one.
He already has a phonograph, but he doesn’t have a radio yet
Telling time
What time is it? It’s two o’clock. It’s a few minutes after two.
My watch is fast and your watch is slow.
Excuse me, can you tell me the correct time? No, I can’t.
I don’t know what time it is.
I don’t think it’s four o’clock yet.
It must be about three thirty.
I get up before six o’clock every day.
The restaurant doesn’t open until seven forty-five.
Will you be here at ten o’clock tomorrow? Yes, I will. Ya, saya bersedia
We’ll be on time, won’t we? I hope so
Talking about date
What’s the date today? Today is March 1st , 2021
When were you born? I was born on January 29th, 1973.
Today is my birthday.
My sister was born in nineteen seventy – four.
I don’t know what the exact date.
Where were you born? I was born in a little town not far from here.
What do you know about the tenth century? I don’t know anything about that. .
Let’s talk about something else.
Where were you during the month of April last year? I don’t remember where I was then.
Where will you be next year at this time?
Talking about object and people

What do you want? want a cup of coffee.

What would you like to eat? Please give me a piece of pie.
Which one would you like, this one or that one? It doesn’t matter to me.
I’d like to talk with Mr. Jones or Mr. Smith. I’m sorry, but both of them are busy right now.
Wouldn’t you like some coffee? I’d rather have some tea, if you don’t mind.
Talking about object and people
Do you know any of those people? Two or three of them look familiar.
All of those people are friends of mine.
Which one of those men is Mr. Taylor? Is he the tall man on the left?
About language
Do you speak English? Yes, a little.
Does your friend speak English? Yes, he speaks English perfectly.
What’s his native language? I don’t know what his native language is.
How many languages do you speak?
My friend reads and writes several languages.
How well do you know French?

About language
He speaks French with an American accent.
My parents speak English fluently.
Mr. Jones can read French pretty well.
Sometime I make mistakes when I speak English.
I have a lot of trouble with pronunciation.
How is her accent in French ?

ABOUT ACTIVITIES
What are you doing? I’m reading a book.
What’s your friend doing? He’s studying his lesson.
I’m not doing anything right now.
Where are you going? I’m going home.
What time are you coming back? I’m not sure what time I’m coming back.
What are you thinking about? I’m thinking about my lesson.
Who are you writing to? I’m writing to a friend of mine in South America.
By the way, who are you waiting for? I’m not waiting for anybody.
About activities ( daily )
What time do you get up every day? I usually wake up early.
I get up at 6 o’clock every day.
My brother gets up later than I do.
After I get dressed, I have breakfast.
Usually, I have a big breakfast. I have juice, cereal, toast and Coffee for breakfast.
I leave the house at eight a.m. ach day.
I get to work at nine o’clock every morning.
I work hard all morning.
About activities ( daily )
I go out for lunch at about 12:30.
I finish working at 5:45 p.m.
I eat dinner at about 7 o’clock.
Before I eat dinner, I read the newspaper for a while.
I usually go to bed at about midnight
About activities ( past time )
What time did you get up yesterday morning? I woke up early and got up at 6 o’clock.
My brother got up earlier than I did.
Did you get dressed right away? Yes, I got dressed and had breakfast.
What kind of breakfast did you have?
What time did you get to work yesterday morning? I left the house at 8 o’clock and got to work
at 8:30.
Did you work all day? Yes, I worked from early morning until late at night.
About activities ( Past time )
At noon I had lunch with a friend of mine.
I finished working at 5:30 and went home.
After dinner I read a magazine and made some telephone calls.
I went to bed at 11:30 p.m.
I went to sleep immediately and slept soundly all night.

About activities ( past time )

Where did you go yesterday? I went to see a friend of mine.
Did you see Mr. Jones yesterday? I didn’t see Mr. Jones, but I saw John Smith.
What did you talk about? We talked about a lot of things.
I asked him a lot of questions.
What did you ask him? I asked him if he spoke English.
He said he spoke a little English.
Then I asked him if he knew anybody in New York. He said he knew a lot of people there.
Finally, I asked him how old he was.
He said he would rather not tell his age.
He answered almost all of my questions
address
Where do you live? I live on Washington Street.
What’s your address? I live at 1203 Washington Street.
I’m Mr. Smith’s next door neighbor.
You live here in the city, don’t you? I’m from out of town.
How long have you lived here? I’ve lived here for five years
QUESTIONING ACTIVITIES ( PAST TIME )
Where were you yesterday afternoon? I was at home all afternoon.
I was writing some letters to friends of mine.
What were you doing at about 4 o’clock yesterday afternoon? I was listening to the radio.
What were you doing when I called you on the telephone? When you called me, I was
eating dinner.
When I saw Mr. Jones, he was talking with John Smith.
While you were writing letters, I was reading a book.
While we were having breakfast, John was talking on the telephone.

Questioning activities ( past time )

Can you guess what I was doing this morning?
I can’t remember what John was doing yesterday afternoon.
I’ve forgotten what he said his address was.
I’ve forgotten what time he said he had dinner last night.
They called us just as we were having dinner.
Asking people to do things
Would you please tell Mr. Cooper that I’m here?
Take this books home with you tonight.
Please bring me those magazines.
Would you help me lift this heavy box?
Please ask John to turn on the lights.
Put your books down on the table.
Asking people to do things
Get me a hammer from the kitchen, will you?
Hang up my coat in the closet, will you please?
Please don’t bother me now, I’m very busy.
Would you mind mailing this letter for me?
If you have time, will you call me tomorrow?
Please, will you do me a favor?

Getting information
Excuse me, Sir. Can you give me some information?
Can you tell me where peach Street is? It’s two blocks straight ahead. Ini lurus saja sejauh
dua blok.
Which direction is it to the theater? Turn right at the next corner.
How far is it to the university? It’s a long way from here.
The school is just around the corner.
The restaurant is across the street from the hotel. You can’t miss it.
Getting information
Do you happen to know Mr.Cooper’s telephone number?
Could you tell me where the nearest Bank is?
Should I go this way, or that way?
Go that way for two bloks, then turn left.
I beg your pardon. Is this seat taken?

family
Are you married? No, I’m not married. I’m still single.
Your niece is engaged, isn’t she?
My sister has been engaged for two months.
My grandfather got married in 1921.
When is your grandparents’ wedding anyversary?
How long have they been married? They’ve been married for quite a few years.
family
Who did George marry?
Do they have children? Yes they do. They had a baby last month.
My son wants to get married in June.
They don’t know when the wedding will be.
Their grandchildren are grown up now.
She’s a widow. Her husband died last year.

NEIGHBORHOOD
Where did you grow up? I grew up right here in this neighborhood.
My friend spent his childhood in California. He lived in California until he was seventeen.
There have been a lot of changes here in the last 20 years. There used to be a grocery store on the
corner.
All of the houses have been built in the last ten years. They’re building a new house up the street
from me.
If you buy that home, will you spend the rest of your life there?
Are your neighbors very friendly?

neighborhood
We all know each other pretty well.
A young married couple moved in next door to us.
Who bought that new house down the street from you?
An elderly man rented the big white house.
What beautiful trees those are.

FUTURE ACTIVITIES
What time are you going to get up tomorrow morning? I’ll probably wake up early and get up at
6:30.
What will you do then? After I get dressed, I’ll have breakfast.
What will you have for breakfast tomorrow morning? I’ll probably have eggs and toast for
breakfast.
After breakfast, I’ll get ready to go to work. I’ll leave the house at 8:00 and get to the office at
8:30.
I’ll probably go out for lunch at about 12:30.
Future activities
I’ll finish working at 5:30 and get home by 6 o’clock.
Are you going to have dinner at home tomorrow night?
Do you think you’ll go to the movies tomorrow night? I’ll probably stay home and watch
television.
When I get sleepy, I’ll probably get ready for bed.
Do you think you’ll be able to go to sleep right away?

THE WEATHER
How is the weather today? The weather is nice today.
What was the weather like yesterday? Yesterday it rained all day.
What will the weather be like tomorrow? It’s going to snow tomorrow.
It’s quite cold today. It’s been cloudy all morning.
Is it raining now?
It’ll probably clear up this afternoon.
The days are getting hotter.
Today is the first day of spring.
What’s the temperature today? It’s about seventy degrees Fahrenheit this afternoon.
There’s a cool breeze this evening
Sick
How are you feeling today? I don’t feel very well this morning. I was sick yesterday, but I’m
better today.
My fever is gone, but I still have a cough.
My brother has a bad headache.
Which of your arms is sore? My right arm hurts. It hurts right here.
What’s the matter with you? I’ve got a pain in my back.
Which foot hurts? Is it the left one?
How did you break your leg? I slipped on the stairs and fell down. I broke my leg.
Your right hand is swollen. Does it hurt?
It’s bleeding. You’d better go see a doctor about that cut.
I hope you’ll be well soon.
Getting people opinion
What do you think? Is that right? Certainly, you’re absolutely right about that.
I think you’re mistaken about that.
I like hot weather best.
Personally, I prefer winter weather.
Do you think it’s going to rain tomorrow? I don’t know whether it will rain or not.
In my opinion, that’s an excellent idea.
Why is Mr. Cooper so tired? Do you have any idea? He’s tired because he worked hard
all day today.
What do think of my children? I think you have very attractive children.
Please give me your frank opinion. Do you really want to know what I think?
Of course I want to know what your opinion is.
ABOUT DECISION
I’m anxious to know what your decision is.
I’m confident you’ve made the right choice.
I want to persuade you to change your mind.
Will you accept my advice?
What have you decided? I’ve definitely decided to go to California.
He didn’t want to say anything to influence my decision.
She refuses to make up her mind.
ABOUT DECISION
I assume you’ve decided against buying a new car.
It took him a long time to make up his mind.
You can go whenever you wish.
He knows it’s inconvenient, but he wants to go anyway.
According to Mr. Green, this is a complicated problem.
She insists that it doesn’t make any difference to her.

SHOPPING
I’m going shopping because I need to buy some clothes.
If this shirt doesn’t fit, may I bring it back later?
What size shoes do you wear?
That suit looks very good on you.
This dress is made of silk, isn’t it?
I’d like to try on this sweater.
I’m interested in buying a new car.
SHOPPING
What’s the price of that electric iron?
How much is this rug?
That’s a beautiful leather wallet, but it cost too much.
How much do I owe you? That will be eighteen dollars and seventy-five cents.
Do you have change for a twenty dollars bill?
The clerk helped me find what I wanted.

AT THE RESTAURANT
What would you like to eat? I’d like a bowl of tomato soup, please.
The waiter seems to be in a hurry to take our order.
Which would you rather have steak or fish?
I want my steak well done.
What kind of vegetables do you have? I’ll have mashed potatoes and
green beans.
AT THE RESTAURANT

Would you please pass the salt?

They serve good food in this restaurant.
Are you ready for your dessert now?
This knife is dirty. Would you bring me a clean one, please?
May I have the check, please?
You have your choice of three flavors of ice cream. We have vanilla, chocolate and strawberry.
We invited two guests to dinner, but they didn’t come.
Past tenses
By Titus Emilius
Jakarta Muhammadiyah University , Faculty of Medicine
Past tenses
Past Indefinite Tense
The past indefinite tense, also known as simple past tense, is used to indicate a finished or
completed action/task that occurred/happened at a specific point in time in the past. ‘A specific
time’ can be diverse and can cover a long period of time but it cannot be undeterminable.
Structure:
Subject + verb in the past form + . . . . . + adverb of time + . . . . .
Example:
• Alex went to Mexico last year.
• I ate a mango a few minutes ago.
• He had an exam yesterday.
• I used to travel around the world when I was fit. (It can also indicate a habit of the past
which is not a habit in the present.)

Past tenses
• I wrote articles on different topics.
• He read various kinds of books.
• They played football in that field.
• She preferred coffee to tea.
• He went to the library yesterday.
• We came for shopping in this market last week.
• We watched a movie in this Cineplex yesterday.
• You used to shop in that market.
• I sang different kinds of songs, especially modern.
• I listened to melodious songs last evening.
• He loved to travel around the world.
• They played cricket in that field last week.
• The poet wrote a romantic poem.
• The lyricist wrote a realistic song for the program.
• Did you go to the concert of realistic songs?
• I could not attend the program because of my busy schedule.
• He was a man of parts.
• I helped him to do the task.
• We enjoyed the program thoroughly.
• I went to the Dhaka International Trade Fair with my elder brother.
Past tenses - summary
Past tenses
Past Progressive (Continuous) Tense
The past progressive tense is used to demonstrate an action that was happening in the past for a
period of time in a particular context.
The context can be a specific time or another action.
Structures:
Subject + was/were + verb + ing + . . . . . a specific time
• Alex was sleeping yesterday at 6.30 AM
• I was cleaning the dishes at around 5.30-6.30 yesterday.

When + subject + simple past tense + subject + was/were + verb+ing . . . .

• When I went out, you were shouting from behind.
• When Alex came, I was sleeping.

Past tenses

Subject + was/were + verb+ing + when + subject + simple past tense . . . .

• You were shouting from behind when I went outside.
• I was sleeping when Alex came home.

While + subject + was/were + verb+ing + subject + was/were + verb+ing . . . .

• While I was sleeping, you were making noises.
• While Alex was playing, I was sleeping.
Past tenses
• I was writing articles on different topics.
• He was reading various kinds of books.
• They were playing football in that field.
• She was drinking coffee in that coffee shop.
• He was studying in the library.
• We were shopping in this market last week.
• We were watching a movie in this Cineplex yesterday.
• You were shopping in that market.
• I was singing different kinds of songs, especially modern.
• I was listening to melodious songs last evening.
• He was traveling around the world.
• They were playing hockey on that field last week.
• The poet was writing a romantic poem.
• The lyricist was writing a realistic song for the program.
• Were you enjoying the concert of realistic songs?
• I was not watching the cricket match on television.
• He was practicing to sing the song for the program.
• I was helping him to do the task.
• We were enjoying the program thoroughly.
• I was shopping at the Dhaka International Trade Fair with my elder brother.
Past tenses – summary
Past tenses
Past Perfect Tense
The past perfect is used to demonstrate an action that occurred before another action in the past.
There are usually two completed actions in the sentence; one happens before the other.

Structures:
Subject + had + past participle form of the main verb + before + subject + simple past tense . . . .
• Alex had completed the task before the teacher asked.
• I had bought a phone before you came here.

Before + subject + simple past tense + subject + had + past participle form of the verb +. . . .
• Before I went to the office, I finished some business with her.
• Before she went home, she had taken a test.
Past tenses

Subject + simple past tense + after + subject + had + past participle . . . .

• Mark ate after I had bought him a bat.
• I went to the office after I had finished some business with her.

After + subject + had + past participle + subject + simple past tense . . . .

• After I had bought a phone, she came to the shop.
• After she had gone, I came in.

Note: When can be used in place of before or after in any of the above structures.
Past tenses
• He had read different kinds of books before you came.
• They had played football in that field before it started to rain.
• She had gone to the coffee shop before she came home.
• He had studied in the library before he came to the class.
• I came here after you had left.
• We had shopped in that shop before we came home.
• We had watched a movie in that Cineplex before he came.
• You had shopped in that market before you came home.
• I had practiced the songs before the program started.
• I had listened to melodious songs before I started the work.
• He had traveled around the world before he came to Bangladesh.
• They had played hockey in that field before it started to rain.
• The poet had written a romantic poem before he came to the program.
• The lyricist had come to the program before the minister came.
• Had you come to the program before I came?
• I had not watched the cricket match on television before you came.
• He had not practiced the song before he sang it in the program.
• I helped him to do the task after I had finished my work.
• We had taken an ice-cream before we left the ice-cream parlor.

Past tenses – summary

Past tenses
Past Perfect Progressive Tense
The past perfect progressive tense is an extension to the past perfect tense and its structures.
Past perfect progressive is used to demonstrate an action which continued for a specific period of
time but stopped before another action.

Structure:
Subject + had + been + verb+ing + . . . . . + for/since + . . . . .+ before + subject + past simple
tense
• Alan had been playing cricket for 18 years before he retired.
• Jack had been living in Sydney since 2010 before he moved to Melbourne.

Note: This tense can be replaced by the past perfect tense withdrawing for/since.
Past tenses
• I had been writing articles on various topics for three hours.
• He had been reading different kinds of books since morning.
• They had been playing football in that field before it started to rain.
• Jane had been gossiping in the coffee shop for two hours.
• Jeff had been studying in the library before he came to the class.
• We had been shopping in that shop before we came home.
• We had been watching a movie in this Cineplex for three hours.
• You had been shopping in that market before you came home.
• I had been singing different kinds of songs for an hour.
• I had been listening to melodious songs for two hours.
• Tom had been traveling around the world since the month of December.
• They had been playing hockey on that field for three hours.
• The poet had been writing romantic poems since morning.
• The lyricist had been writing realistic songs since the beginning of his career.
• Had you not been enjoying the concert for three hours?
• I had not been watching the cricket match on television for two hours.
• Richard had been practicing to sing the song since morning.
• I had been helping him to do the task before I started the program.
• We had been enjoying the program thoroughly for three hours.
• I had been shopping with my elder brother in the fair since morning.
Past tenses – summary
Past tenses - story 01
Last night I was walking home next to the river Thames, when something strange happened to
me. It was late at night and I’d had a long and difficult day at work. There was a large full moon
in the sky and everything was quiet. I was tired and lonely and I’d just had a few pints of beer in
my local pub, so I decided to stop by the riverside and look at the moon for a while. I sat on
some steps very close to the water’s edge and looked up at the big yellow moon and wondered if
it really was made of cheese. I felt very tired so I closed my eyes and after a few minutes, I fell
asleep.
Past tenses - story 01
When I woke up, the moon had moved behind a cloud and it was very dark and cold. The wind
was blowing and an owl hooted in a tree above me. I rubbed my eyes and started to get up, when
suddenly I heard a splash. I looked down at the water and saw something. Something terrible and
frightening, and unlike anything I’d ever seen before. Something was coming out of the water
and moving towards me. Something green and strange and ugly. It was a long green arm and it
was stretching out from the water to grab my leg. I was so scared that I couldn’t move. I’d never
been so scared in my whole life. The cold green hand was moving closer and closer when
suddenly there was a blue flash and a strange noise from behind me. Someone jumped onto the
stairs next to me. He was wearing strange clothes and he had a crazy look in his eyes. He shouted
“Get Back!” and pointed something at the monster in the water. There was a bright flash and the
monster hissed and disappeared.
Past tenses - story 01
I looked up at the man. He looked strange, but kind. “Don’t fall asleep by the river when there’s
a full moon”, he said “The Moon Goblins will get you.” I’d never heard of moon goblins before.
I didn’t know what to do. “Who… who are you?” I asked him. “You can call me… The Doctor.”
He said. I was trying to think of something else to say when he turned around and said, “Watch
the stars at night, and be careful of the full moon”. I was trying to understand what he meant,
when there was another blue flash and I closed my eyes. When I opened them again, he had
gone.
I couldn’t believe what had happened. What on earth were Moon Goblins, and who was the
mysterious Doctor? And why had he saved me? I was determined to find the answers to these
strange questions. I stood up, looked at the moon and quickly walked home.

Present tenses
By : Titus Emilius
English For medical student
Jakarta Muhammadiyah University .
INTRODUCTION
Tenses demonstrate the time of an action in a sentence usually performed by or centered around
the subject of the sentence. The actions are called verbs. Verbs change according to tenses and
other issues. As verbs are the most important elements of English sentences, tenses also carry
paramount importance in English grammar.
PRESENT TENSES
Present Indefinite Tense
The present indefinite tense, also known as simple present tense, denotes a stative or habitual or
eternally true action.
Generally simple present tense is used to indicate an action which happens – always, regularly,
every day, daily, normally, generally, usually, occasionally, sometimes, often, rarely, frequently,
nowadays, naturally, seldom, constantly, never, every a week, every year, once a year, on a week,
at times, at present, now and then, or all the time.

Structure:
Subject (third person singular number) + verb in simple present form + s/es + . . . . .
Subject (all other kinds) + verb in simple present form + . . . . .
PRESENT TENSES
PRESENT TENSES
There are some stative verbs which are usually used in simple tenses whether present or past or
future. The stative verbs are:

Examples:
• I know Billy Bob.
• He understands it.
• They love swinging in the park.
• Some people do not believe in God.
• I usually wake up at 6.00 AM.
• He plays cricket, but his brother plays football.
• Earth is bigger than Mercury.
• The heat of the sun is the least in the polar.

PRESENT TENSES
• I write articles on different topics.
• He reads various kinds of books.
• They love to play football.
• She prefers coffee to tea.
• He goes to the library every day.
• We come for shopping in this market.
• We watch movies in this Cineplex.
• You always shop in that market.
• I sing different kinds of songs, especially modern.
• I love to listen to melodious songs.
• He loves to travel around the world.
• They always play cricket in that field.
• The poet writes romantic poems.
• The lyricist writes realistic songs.
• Do you love to listen to realistic songs?
• I do not like to quarrel.
• I am a peace-loving person.
• I know how to protest against injustice.
• Do you like to watch cricket?
• I love my parents and my elder brother.
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE – SUMMARY
PRESENT TENSES
Present Progressive (Continuous) Tense
The present progressive is used to indicate the ongoing time (now). However, the stative verbs
do not usually take the form of present progressive even though they refer to the present time.
Now, continually, perpetually, at this moment, at the moment, right now, This season, this year,
forever, etc. are usually the signs of a verb to take present progressive tense. However, these
signs are not necessary all the time for a verb to present progressive tense.
Structure:
Subject + am/is/are + verb + ing + . . . . . . . . .
PRESENT TENSES
Example:
• I am going to the college field.
• He is coming here for some tips.
• They are making a basketball ground.
• Why are you working in that horrible place?
• Four teams are playing at this moment.
PRESENT TENSES
• I am writing articles on different topics.
• He is reading various kinds of books.
• They are playing football now.
• She is drinking coffee.
• He is going to the library.
• We are coming for shopping in this market.
• We are watching a movie in this Cineplex.
• You are shopping in that market.
• I am singing different kinds of songs, especially modern.
• I am listening to melodious songs.
• He is traveling around the world.
• They are playing cricket in that field.
• The poet is writing romantic poems.
• The lyricist is writing realistic songs.
• Are you listening to realistic songs?
• I am not quarreling with you.
• Are you coming to our home?
• I am helping him to do the task.
• My mom is cooking beef with cabbage.
• Are you watching cricket on television?
PRESENT PROGRESIVE TENSE - SUMMARY
PRESENT TENSES
Present Perfect Tense
The present perfect tense is used when one intends to indicate:
an action that occurred at a time which is indefinite and has its effect on the subject
or an action that occurred many times and has the possibility to occur in the present/future
or an action that began in the past and still going on in the present.

Structure:
Subject + have/has + verb in the past participle form + . . . . . . .
PRESENT TENSES
Example:
• Alex has read the book through. (No time is indicated)
• I have read this poem many times. (Not habitual but occurred many times in the past)
• He has lived in this apartment for 15 years. (Still going on)
Just, already, yet, just now, ever, lately, recently, etc. are some of the signs for present perfect
tense.

Note: Already comes between have/has and the past participle; yet appears with a negative form
at the end of the sentence.
Example:
• Alex has already reached there.
• Alex has not reached yet.
• I have already cleaned the house.
• I have not cleaned the house yet.

PRESENT TENSES
• I have written articles on different topics.
• He has read various kinds of books.
• They have played football.
• She has taken coffee.
• He has gone to the library.
• We have shopped in this market.
• We have watched movies in this Cineplex.
• You have shopped in that market.
• I have sung different kinds of songs, especially modern.
• I have listened to melodious songs.
• He has traveled around the world.
• They have played cricket in that field.
• The poet has written romantic poems.
• The lyricist has written realistic songs.
• Have you listened to realistic songs?
• I have not quarreled with you.
• Have you been to this place before?
• I have helped him to do the task.
• My mom has cooked beef with cabbage.
• I have watched the cricket match on television.
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE - SUMMARY
PRESENT TENSES
Present Perfect Progressive (Continuous)
It is the least used form of present tense. Present perfect progressive is used to indicate an action
that began in the past and is still occurring in the present. Both present perfect and present
perfect continuous can be used to indicate this type of action.
Structure:
Subject + have/has + been + [verb + ing] + . . . . . .

Example:
• Alex has been reading for 3 years.
• I have been sleeping since 10.00 AM
• Robert has been working in that shop for 6 years.
• We have been living together for four years.
PRESENT TENSES
• I have been writing articles on different topics since morning.
• He has been reading the book for two hours.
• They have been playing football for an hour.
• She has been finding the dress since morning.
• He has been studying in the library for three hours.
• We have been shopping at this fair for two hours.
• We have been watching a movie in this Cineplex for two hours.
• You have been shopping in that market for three hours.
• I have been singing different kinds of songs, especially modern.
• I have been listening to melodious songs for an hour.
• He has been traveling around the world for a month.
• They have been playing cricket in that field for five hours.
• The poet has been writing romantic poems for several hours.
• The lyricist has been writing realistic songs since the beginning of his career.
• Have you been listening to realistic songs since morning?
• I have not been watching the cricket match for an hour.
• Have you been preparing the assignment for two hours?
• I have been helping him to do the task for an hour.
• My mom has been cooking for three hours.
• I have been watching the concert for an hour.
PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE TENSE
SUMMARY

SENTENCE
IN ENGLISH
Writing Basic 1

Muhammadiyah University
Medical Faculty
By : Titus Emilius