Name: Lujain Mohammed Alsyouf

ID: 20100429
Section: 1
Course: 2
Experiment: 7

Rate Of Chemical"
Reaction: The Iodination
"Of Acetone
:Aim
To measure the effect of concentration upon the rate of the reaction of iodine
with acetone; to determine the order of the reaction with respect to reactant
concentrations; to obtain the rate law for the chemical reaction; and to
.calculate the activation energy for the reaction

:Results, calculations and discussion

I- Reaction Rate Data

Temp.
Volume / mL
/ oC Time
st
Average 2
nd 1 0.0050 M 1.0 M 4.0 Mixture
H2O
time / s run M I2 HCl acetone
run

20 10 10 10 1

10 10 10 20 2

10 10 20 10 3

25 5 10 10 4

Rate = [I2]o / ave. time

o] 2 [
I ]+H[ ]acetone[ Mixture
(mol/L.s)

M 0.0010 M 0.20 M 0.80 1

4
II- Reaction Orders (show your work)

1) with respect to acetone:

m = _________ ≈ _______

2) with respect to H+:

n = _________ ≈ _______

3) with respect to I2:

p = _________ ≈ _______

Overall order of reaction: ________

III- Rate Constant

Mixture 1 2 3 4 Average
k

units

Show calculation for k for an exemplary mixture

IV- Activation Energy

Reaction mixture used _______

Aver. Rate /
Temp. / oC k ln k 1 / T(K)
time / s (mole/L.s)

room temp. (a) (b) (c) (d)

(a), (b) & (c): from part I

(d): average k from part III

Slope of plot of ln k vs. 1/T =

units

Ea =
units
 1\T (K)
0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-2

-4

-6
lnK

-8

-10

-12

-14

lnK vs 1/T

:Points to discuss

1. When: aA + bB → Products

The rate can be expressed by the equation:

Rate = k [A]m [B]n

Where m and n are the order of the reaction with respect to A and B, K is the
rate constant, A] and [B] are the concentration of A and B (ordinarily in mol/L).

2. Chemical reactions in solution depend upon:

1- The nature of the reactants

2- The concentration of the reactants
3- The temperature
4- The presence of catalysts

The rate of the reaction increase with an increase in the concentration of any
reactant, it also increases with the increase of the temperature and in some
cases it increase with the addition of the suitable catalyst.

:We use iodine in this experiment .3

It has a brown color, so that one can readily follow changes in iodine *
.concentration visually
A second and very important characteristic of this reaction is that it turns *
out to be zero order in I2 concentration, this means that the rate of the
. reaction does not depend on [I2] at all no matter what the value of [I2]

O O

H3C C CH3 (aq) + I2 (aq) ⃗

H +
H3C C CH2I (aq) + I‾ (aq)
[3]

Rate = k [acetone]m [H+]n [I2]p

To find the value of the order reaction we should, in a reaction Mixture II, .4
double the initial concentration of acetone over that in Mixture I, keeping [H +]
and [I2] at the same values in both mixtures, then the rate of Mixture II would,
:according to equation

Rate II = k [2A]m [H+]n [I2]0

Rate I = k [A]m [H+]n [I2]0

Dividing the first equation by the second, we obtain simply:

Rate II / Rate I= 2m

5. The minimum amount of energy present at the time the reactants collide in
the reaction is called the activation energy Ea , and we can find it by using
different temperatures. Ea can be written as:
Ea
TR – ln k = ln A

:Errors and sources of errors

Errors in this experiment can refer to adding the iodine at the beginning of
preparing the mixtures which is wrong because the iodine has a relation with
time. Also we should do the reaction under suitable degrees of temperature
to make sure we got the correct value of the activation energy. Errors can also
refer to getting the wrong values of time because of the wrong preparation or
.mixing, and moreover errors may refer to the calculations

:Conclusion
As a conclusion we could understand the effect of concentration, and we
could determine the overall order of the reaction which is equal = 2 ,by
changing the concentrations of the reagents, we also determined the value of
Ea by using different temperatures 5, 24 and 26 Co and it is equal to=
+79.78 x 10^3J/ mol