PROPERTY OF CHRISSA ELOISA D. OPERARIO PROPERTY OF CHRISSA ELOISA D. OPERARIO PROPERTY OF CHRISSA ELOISA D.
OPERARIO
2nd Monthly Test
PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT
MENTAL HEALTH AND WELL-BEING IN MIDDLE AND
LATE ADOLESCENCE
1. MENTAL HEALTH AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING
Concepts on mental health and well-being
 Mental health includes our emotional, psychological,
and social well-being. (US National Institutes of Health)
 Mental health defined as "successful performance of
mental function, resulting in productive activities,
fulfilling relationships with other people, and the
ability to change and to cope with adversity." (1991 US
Surge on General's Report by Knopf, Park, and Muyle,
2008)
WHAT IS MENTAL HEALTH?
 Mental health is about how a person thinks, feels, and
acts when faced with life's situations. It is how people
look at themselves, their lives, and the other people in
their lives.
 Mental health includes our emotional, psychological,
and social well-being. It affects how we think, feel, and
act. It also helps determine how we handle stress,
relate to others, and make choices.
 Mental health is important at every stage of life,
from childhood and adolescence through adulthood. It
is considered the spring board of thinking and
communication skills, learning, emotional growth,
resilience for recovering quick and self esteem.
 Over the course of your life, if you experience mental
health problems, your thinking, mood, and behavior
could be affected. Factors that contribute to mental
health problems are: biological (genes), life
experiences (trauma or abuse), and family history.
WHAT IS PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING?
 Psychosocial well-being refers to how people
experience the quality of their lives. It includes both
emotional reactions cognitive judgements.
 Psychological well-being includes individual’s
relationship with life goals, if he is aware of his
potential, the quality of his relationship with others,
and what he feels about his own life (Ryff and Keyes,
1995).
 As the youths explore their own world and the world
of transition of adolescence, they experience mental
and health problems and behavior risk such as
depression, and conduct disorders.
 Adolescence is both the stage wherein the origin of
mental disorders mostly occur, and at the same time,
it is the stage where things can be prevented
CHALLENGES TO MENTAL HEALTH & WELL-BEING
× Mental health problem - is a short term and temporary
change in a person's thoughts, feelings, or behavior
that upsets one's well-being, interpersonal
relationships, and productivity.
× Mental illness - refers to the diagnosable mental
disorders characterized by changes in one's thinking,
feeling and behavior as well as in one's relationships
and productivity. There is usually distress or impaired
functioning during mental illness. (Knopf, Park, and
Muyle, 2008)
× Maintaining good mental health and well-being
requires resiliency and adaptability.
× Resiliency - is the capacity to establish and maintain
one's balance and well-being in the face of adversity.
× Adaptability - is the capacity to adjust to changes
necessary for one's survival and balance
IMPORTANCE OF MENTAL HEALTH
1. Mental health improves the quality of life
2. Mental health strengthens and supports our ability to:
 have a healthy relationship
 make good life choices
 maintain physical health and well-being
 handle the ups and downs of life
 discover and grow toward our potential
3. It can add years to the length of your life
2. DEPRESSION
What is Depression?
× Is a common and serious medical illness that
negatively affects how you feel, the way you think and
how you act.
× A persistent feeling of sadness and loss of interest.
Feeling
I’m
Nothing to
Everyone
× In adolescence, this is normal due to their
development.
× This condition usually increases during the age of 11-
12 years old.
× The period of middle and late adolescence are
considered as the heightened vulnerability to
depression.
× This may be due to peer pressure, changing hormone
levels and developing bodies.
× Researchers show that depressions can be
distinguished by the number of symptoms.
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Common Symptoms of Depression 3. ALCOHOL USE AMONG ADOLESCENTS

FEELINGS × Adolescence is a stage for experimentation with risky
• Feeling sad or "empty“. behaviors.
• Feeling very tired. × Teenagers seem to dominate the hazard rates of
• Feeling hopeless, irritable, anxious, or guilty. harmful drinking
• Thoughts of death or suicide.
THOUGHTS Why do Young People Drink?
• “I’m a failure.” × Family example, attitudes, and relationships
• “It’s my fault.” × Peer Example and pressure
• “Nothing good ever happens to me.” × Social Status
• “I’m worthless.” × Societal Attitudes
• “Life’s not worth living.” × Alcohol Advertising
• “People would be better off without me.”
BEHAVIOUR The Effects of Alcohol Abuse on Teens
• Not going out anymore × Alcohol decreases teens' ability to pay attention.
• Not getting things done at school × Teens who have experienced alcohol withdrawal tend
• Withdrawing from close family and friends to have difficulties with memory.
• Relying on alcohol and sedatives
× The teenage brain that has been exposed to alcohol is
• Not doing usual enjoyable activities
at risk for being smaller in certain parts.
• Unable to concentrate.
PHYSICAL × Excess alcohol use can cause or mask other emotional
• Tired all the time problems, like anxiety or depression.
• Sick and run-down
Alcohol’s Effects on the Body
• Sleep problems
• Loss or change of appetite × Brain:
• Significant weight loss or gain. Alcohol interferes with the brain’s communication
The Main Causes of Depression pathways, and can affect the way the brain looks and
 Traumatic Early Life Events works. These disruptions can change mood and
 Abuse behavior, and make it harder to think clearly and move
 Death or a loss with coordination.
 Inherited Traits × Heart:
 Research shows that depression has a biological Drinking a lot over a long time or too much on a single
component. It can be passed down from parents occasion can damage the heart, causing problems
to their children. Children who have one or more including:
close relatives with depression, especially a × Cardiomyopathy – Stretching and drooping
parent, are more likely to have depression of heart muscle
themselves. × Arrhythmias – Irregular heart beatStroke
 Negative Thinking × High blood pressure
 Major events × Liver:
 Losing a job or income, getting divorced, or Heavy drinking takes a toll on the liver, and can lead to
retiring. a variety of problems and liver inflammations
 Other personal problems including:
 Problems such as social isolation due to other × Steatosis, or fatty liver
mental illnesses or being cast out of a family or × Alcoholic hepatitis
social group. × Fibrosis
× Cirrhosis
This can be prevented by: × Pancreas:
× Proper exercise Alcohol causes the pancreas to produce toxic
× Sleep substances that can eventually lead to pancreatitis, a
× Balanced diet dangerous inflammation and swelling of the blood
× Avoidance of excess caffeine vessels in the pancreas that prevents proper
× Abstain from alcohol digestion.
× Through proper help of parents and guidance, teens × Cancer:
may surpass this challenge. Drinking too much alcohol can increase your risk of
developing certain cancers, including cancers of the:
× Mouth, Esophagus, Throat, Liver, Breast
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× Immune System: 5 DOMAINS

Drinking too much can weaken your immune system,
making your body a much easier target for 1. SELF – AWARENESS
disease. Drinking a lot on a single occasion slows your a. It is when you observed yourself and
body’s ability to ward off infections – even up to 24 recognized the feeling that you felt when it
hours after getting drunk. happened.
ANXIETY b.
× Anxiety is a feeling of unease, such as worry or fear,
that can be mild or severe. Everyone has feelings
of anxiety at some point in their life – for example, you
may feel worried and anxious about sitting an exam, or
having a medical test or job interview
WHAT IS ITS MAIN CAUSE?
× Anxiety disorders may be caused by environmental
factors, medical factors, genetics, brain chemistry,
substance abuse, or a combination of these. It is most
commonly triggered by the stress in our lives
× A national survey discovered that approximately 8%
of adolescents (or one in eight children) between the
ages of 13 and 18 have an anxiety disorder
× Anxiety is a normal part of the adolescent and teen
years as these are some of the most stressful times in
a person’s life.
× Anxiety may be inherited but for adolescents it is a
normal part of developmental stages.
× Some anxiety is a normal reaction to stressful
situations. It can help teens deal with a tricky situation,
study harder for an exam, and maintain focus on an
important task.

INFLUENCES THAT CAN CONTRIBUTE TO ANXIETY

× Parent-adolescent attachment
× Parental behaviors
× Family climate
Girls are reported as more vulnerable to anxiety than boys.

Anxiety becomes dangerous if it hinders development.

Nowadays teenagers face complex and changing environment

in which they can be right or wrong.

Protecting them is by appreciating their environment and by

shaping tem through opportunities from societies.

EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE

× the ability to reason out with emotions and its usage

to enhance the certain thought
× the capacity to identify the similarities and differences
among emotions
× also helps in the success of an individual in life
× According to Goleman, it is the master aptitude and it
has abilities that can be categorized into 5 domains
× These domains determine the Emotional Quotient
(EQ) of an individual
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THE POWERS OF THE MIND

The 2 parts of the brain

 The brain is divided into two hemispheres. The LEFT
and the RIGHT hemispheres. Each side has its own
function. The right is more into CREATIVITY and the
left is more on ANALYTICAL AND LOGICAL ACTIVITIES.
 These two hemispheres connect through nerve fibers
called CORPUS CALLOSUM and other smaller nerve
pathways.
RIGHT HEMISPHERE
 MORE ON CREATIVE IDEAS OR ACTIVITIES
 Art awareness, creativity, imagination, intuition,
insight, holistic thought, music awareness, 3-D forms

LEFT HEMISPHERE

 IS DOMINATED WITH LOGICAL AND ANALYTICAL

ACTIVITIES.
 Analytic thought, logic, language, reasoning, science
and math, written, number skills

CORPUS CALLOSUM
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 CONNECTS THE TWO HEMISPHERES  Most people is likely to have a leading side of their
 A NERVE FIBER brain and they tend to practice information through
their dominant side.
DR. ROGER W. SPERRY
 This doesn't mean that they only use half of their
 An American psychologist brain. It just echoes a matter of right against left brain
 Shapes of these two parts are similar but they differ in balance in handling information and performing
function. actions.
 Right side: controls the muscle  However, learning and thinking are enriched when
 Left side: receives information both sides of the brain are used in a well-adjusted
manner.
Left or Right Brain in Learning

 In classroom styles utilize the left mind procedures.

 This tends to support left cerebrum predominant
understudies, and can make learning troublesome for
right mind overwhelming understudies.
 Left Cerebrum understudies are great at straight and
successive preparing, for example, required in
dialect/language and Math.
 Also, great at arranging and taking after headings.
 For short, left cerebrum people are more adept at
LOGIC, CALCULATION, LANGUAGE, and other
THOUGHT PROCESSES or skills.
 Right Cerebrum understudies forms data more
comprehensively. People learn by comprehension and
tends to be visual.
 For short, right cerebrum people are associated with
ABSTRACTION, ARTISTIC ABILITY, and EMOTIONAL
RESPONSE: popularly regarded as the CENTER OF
CREATIVITY AND IMAGINATION.
 the right side of the brain controls the muscle on the
left side of the body and receives information from the
left side of the body

THE WHOLE BRAIN THEORY

 According to Dr. Roger Sperry, the whole brain

concept builds two sides of the brain.
 The right side is called the LEFT BRAIN THINKING while
the left side is RIGHT BRAIN THINKING