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Communication is not simply the process of transferring information or messages from one person
to another. It is an integral tool to maintain and sustain our shared beliefs; which allow us to understand
ourselves, other people, and our society. Because it is important in understanding ourselves and the
world, let's examine the elements that comprise communication.
The Elements of Communication
There are 8 basic elements in the communication process.
1. Sender or source
The sender or source is the origin of the information. The sender is also the
encoder of the message or information.
2. Message
The actual information that the source shares with other people. Messages can be verbal or non-
verbal.
3. Channel
Channels are the avenue through which messages or information are
given to the receiver by the sender. The words that we use are communication
channels, as well as radio, TV, newspaper, Facebook, Twitter, and others.
4. Receiver
The decoder of the message.
5. Feedback
This is the information sent back by the receiver to the sender or encoder. Feedback
can also be in a form of verbal messages or non-verbal cues.
6. Interference or Barrier
This is also called noise. Interference blocks the flow of communication
internally/ psychologically or externally. External interferences are caused by
environmental factors such as loud music, high or low temperature, or poor internet
signal that affects the communication process.
7. Environment
Environmental factors such as the place where the interaction occurs also affect the
flow of information. After the COVID-19 pandemic, we were forced to work and study at
home. You can imagine the difference attending classes online and in 'real' classroom
where the environment is completely different.
9. Context
This element is commonly confused with the environment. They are not the same.
Context refers to the general background of the communication interaction. Context
can also be personal or social. The individuals involved in the process have their
own personal and social context. Even the communication interaction itself is
governed by a general background. For example, when talking to a classmate, your
communication behavior is different when you are talking to a priest, a pastor, or
a school dean. When you visit a different place with an entirely different culture,
you will also adjust the way you communicate with the people living there.