Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Influencing
Behaviour
Insights and practical advice on how to influence
behaviours in your company culture.
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To enable culture change, first I must change
By Carolyn Taylor, Walking the Talk
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©Walking the Talk, Ltd, 2018 All rights reserved | Aug17
1. Self as cause Those who practice mindfulness report that it
provides the very same opportunity. Find your
Behaviour matters most when it is viewed in own technique to create this pause. Even a walk
terms of the consequences it has. “When I do around the block can do it.
THIS… THAT happens." And, to develop it
4. Practice key moves
further, “If I do something different, a different
outcome will occur.” This is a fundamental For all of us, behaviour change that’s observable
thinking pattern for anyone who wants to start by others is often achieved by moves that are
managing their own behaviour. Why? Because it remarkably simple. Asking a question where
creates a motivation to change. Making this link previously you would have jumped in and told
requires observation and inquiry. Seek to notice people how things should be. Showing interest in
cause and effect, ask others for their opinion on someone’s personal life, where previously you
it. “What could I have done differently?” “Let me would not have bothered. Finding a phrase which
try doing this and see if it makes any difference.” helps to resolve a conflict. Developing a new
routine. A decision made where previously you
would prefer to delay. Pick your key moves and
2. Key moments
practice them. One at a time.
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Influencing behaviours: How to change the
behaviour of your staff
By Jerome Parisse-Brassens, Walking the Talk
Why manage behaviour? The list goes on. The consequences of not
managing behaviour of employees can be
Think Wells Fargo. The organisation was recently terrible, as in loss of life when safety is at risk.
in the limelight for all the wrong reasons. The Sometimes it is reputation that is impacted, and
Los Angeles City Attorney and the Office of the sometimes the business disappears entirely. One
Controller of the Currency (OCC) fined the bank thing is sure, everyone suffers.
$185 million because more than 2 million bank
accounts or credit cards were opened or applied Leaders and managers are very comfortable
for without customers' knowledge between May managing the tasks carried out by employees (I
2011 and July 2015. Some 5,300 employees call this the WHAT). They are however often not
were dismissed because “they had done the so comfortable managing the way these tasks are
wrong thing.” The CEO lost his job. Had carried out (I call this the HOW). Managing HOW
behaviour been managed, this could have been tasks get done is about managing the behaviour
avoided. of your people, which is often not addressed at
an organisational level. This is a mistake, as not
Think Volkswagen. The company has been fined doing it can lead to:
millions of dollars and is paying compensations
to thousands of customers for having used a • Low staff engagement.
software to cheat on emissions testing for more • Low morale.
than 30 million diesel vehicles around the world. • Loss of reputation.
The CEO and a number of senior staff lost their • Increased risk.
jobs. Had behaviour been managed, this could • Impact on financial results.
have been avoided. • Increased recruiting and compensation costs.
• Waste of time and resources.
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What is managing behaviour? “Managing behaviour” is not about controlling
and knowing how every single employee in the
You may have heard of managing behaviours or business is behaving at any point in time. It is
behaviour management in a health or education about putting things in place to ensure that staff
context. Behaviour management is a process are encouraged to adopt the appropriate
that guides people to change their actions within behaviours and drop the bad ones.
a specific context. It is usually used to change
negative behaviours and habits. The process So how can you manage behaviour in the office?
involves identifying the negative behaviour,
raising awareness about alternative behaviours, Managing behaviour is not as difficult as it
changing the environment to reduce negative sounds. There are a number of steps that leaders
behaviour and offering positive reinforcement to and managers can take to ensure staff “do the
encourage alternative behaviours. right thing”.
Parents frequently use those techniques to 1. Be clear on the behaviours you want to see in
change children's behaviour at home. They the organisation and those you do not want to
identify the trigger for the behaviour, which see.
behaviours they want to encourage and which
ones they want to discourage. Identifying the This may sound obvious, but if you are not clear
consequences of negative behaviours is the final on the behaviours you need for success, those
step. you want to see adopted by employees, you
won’t be able to manage them. Beyond the
It is not that different in a professional obvious behaviours that I call “permission to
environment. Staff need to be aware of the play”, such as respect, no bullying, or integrity,
behaviours that are okay and those that aren’t, the are other behaviours that may make the
and why. Leaders and managers need to support whole difference between great and average
them in the process. They need to make sure results. Examples include sharing information,
they have put everything in place to facilitate speaking up, challenging each other, actively
the development of the appropriate behaviours listening, keeping your promises, or bringing the
and the elimination of others. voice of the customer into the conversation.
What makes it tricky in a professional You need to think about what you are trying to
environment is that there are more than two achieve and define the behaviours that will
parents and a child to take into account. There is enable you to get there. The next step is to
often a complex level of hierarchy and divisions, clearly communicate what you expect people to
groups and teams that interact in a variety of do and not to do. Best is to focus on a few
forms. There are also a number of quirks, as behaviours at a time (say 3 or 4) to avoid
described by my colleague Amanda Fajak, which confusion. Remember, we cannot change more
make things even more complicated. For than 2 or 3 behaviours at a time.
example, the fact that we are naturally obedient
and will not confront hierarchy, or the fact that
we won’t speak up if we think someone else will.
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2. Encourage and discourage behaviour By role modelling the behaviours they want to
see in others, leaders are able to positively
Now that you have clarified and communicated influence everyone. For smaller organisations
what you expect from everyone, you can start who do not have the means to invest in specific
encouraging and discouraging it to reinforce the programs, this is the most effective thing they
message. can do.
Encouraging behaviour is about letting people 4. Think twice about how you make decisions
know when they are doing the right thing and
recognising them for it. A number of tools and Leaders and managers should be aware of the
techniques are at your disposal, from thanking impact their decisions have on employees. It is
someone for displaying the right behaviour not so much the decision that is made than the
(When was the last time you did that?) to way it is made that can influence others. Staff will
publicly praising them, or using the interpret decisions made in the way that makes
organisational performance management and sense to them, and this may differ from what
reward systems in place. Do you promote leaders intended.
people based on outcomes or on behaviour, or
on both? Be aware that decisions, or the way we make
them, often reflect what we value. Your people
Similarly, you can discourage behaviour by will conform to what they see valued in the
calling on someone the moment you see them workplace. If you have unintentionally sent a
doing something that is not okay, or by certain message when making a decision, people
developing processes that prevent people from will start behaving in accordance with the
taking the wrong path. message received. So, before you make your next
decision, take a second or two to put yourself in
The worst thing you could do? Tolerate the the shoes of the people around you, and see the
wrong behaviours. As David Morrison, ex-Chief world as they see it. Was this decision the right
of the Australian Army once famously said, “the one? Does it make sense to them? Does it
standard you walk past is the standard you reinforce the behaviours you want to see in
accept.” What you tolerate becomes your lowest everyone?
common denominator, in other words, it
becomes the norm. Culture is created from the messages people
receive about what is valued, and symbols play a
3. Be a role model crucial role. If you truly want people to
collaborate and share information, do not close
Being a role model is about influencing others in the door, this can symbolise lack of collaboration.
a positive way. Leaders who are aware of the If you want employees to bring the voice of the
shadow they cast will know that it is not what customer into the conversation, place pictures of
they say that matters, but what they do. The customers in your office or start every meeting
first thing a leader should do if they want to with a customer story. If you don’t want people
ensure staff behave appropriately is to do to behave in a hierarchical way, get rid of
exactly that. There is no point asking employees titles. Symbols are precious in changing people’s
to adopt a set of behaviours if you, as a leader, perceptions.
are not ready to adopt them first.
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5. Create great habits
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Is tolerance killing your culture?
By Amanda Fajak, Walking the Talk
During this four-part whistle-stop tour of The tolerance threshold will be different for
organisational culture, we’ve looked to find a different people and is made up of a number of
workable definition of what culture really is, factors:
sought to distinguish it from engagement and
learned how we can effectively use • The sort of environment that you grew up in/
encouragement and discouragement to lever began your career in.
culture change. Our last exploration is an • What has happened to you in the past.
important one. • How others around you behave.
• What others accept you doing.
What are you prepared to tolerate? • How you think others will react if you speak
up.
The concept of tolerance is an interesting one. It
implies a degree of ambivalence and by its very If we are actively managing our organisation’s
blandness can seem harmless enough. In reality, culture, then we’ll be encouraging and
tolerating behaviours is far more dangerous and discouraging behaviours more and tolerating
insidious than it sounds. It is also one of the them less, but this can only be effective when
most powerful culture shaping tools an there are clear standards in your organisation
organisation has at its disposal. about what is acceptable.
At what point does our tolerance threshold Imagine playing a game of tennis without any
click in? lines drawn on the court. The players could
neither keep score, nor experience any
• Am I prepared to tolerate someone ignoring satisfaction of achievement. Instead, there would
me when I say hello? likely to be a great deal of debate, discussion and
• Am I prepared to tolerate someone swearing discord between the two players, who will of
in a meeting? course have their own rules in their heads. The
• Am I prepared to tolerate someone speaking issue you have is that until those lines are drawn
abusively to another person in a corridor? on the court, neither player can be wrong or
• Am I prepared to tolerate someone bullying right.
another person?
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Tolerance has an escalating factor. As human
beings, we like to push the boundaries of
possibility, it’s one of the things that makes us
great. Having said that, when we test the
boundaries around what is acceptable and no-
one pushes back, poor behaviour can become
endemic.
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When it comes to culture, tolerance is no virtue
By Carolyn Taylor, Walking the Talk
At Walking the Talk, we’ve always found this Simply choosing the behaviours you want to
definition from the book ‘Switch Points’ to be a eliminate from your culture and focusing
powerful one to work with. Over the years, relentlessly on not tolerating them should be
however, we’ve found it necessary to add fairly straightforward, right? But this process hits
another key element: at the heart of something most of us would
prefer to avoid, the difficult conversation. It’s so
“Culture is the patterns of behaviour that are much easier to say nothing, especially when
encouraged, discouraged, or tolerated by performance numbers are good. It takes courage
people and systems over time.” to speak up, but it becomes easier when those at
the top are clear on the standards and values
Tolerating behaviours is the enemy of good they expect within their culture.
culture
When former Toshiba Corp chief executive and
In many circumstances, to be tolerant is seen as president Hisao Tanaka was forced to resign last
a virtue. And certainly, when aspiring to greater year due to an accounting scandal, it emerged
open-mindedness and diversity, it is. But when it that Tanaka himself was aware of the financial
comes to culture management, the act of malpractice that had been going on for years. He
tolerating becomes far more insidious. What you also knew that the culture was such that
tolerate will always become the lowest common employees were too afraid to question it. By
denominator in your organization. It will ignoring this from the first moment he had an
determine the culture you create around you. inkling of bad practice, Tanaka tolerated the
Tolerate mediocrity, or worse, and that is what issue, allowing it to snowball.
you will end up with. Walk past point-scoring,
blame, or arrogance, and they will become
prevalent in your culture. Master the art of not
tolerating such things, and you will witness rapid
culture change.
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What does this mean for leaders? Even now, many boards are motivated by
pressure from regulators, rather than by a deep-
We all enjoy focusing on strengths encouraging seated belief that behaviour is as much a part of
good behaviours. And although beneficial, I’ve performance as financial measures. But boards
found that encouraging and discouraging is not today can actively show their lack of tolerance
enough. Calling out behaviour that doesn’t meet for certain behaviours. They can request data on
the standard is a fundamental part of leading key behavioural metrics, or on factors such as
culture. Each time a leader sees an unsafe how strongly behaviour is considered in
practice, for example, and does not point it out, performance review, or how often behaviour is a
they are sending the message that the behaviour cause for promotion, reward or dismissal.
is tolerated. In this instance, the impact of
neither encouraging or discouraging a behaviour Take it personally
can have disastrous, even life-threatening
consequences. And what if you’re an employee whose span of
influence is seemingly quite small? What
Tolerating becomes even more tempting when behaviours do you tolerate in yourself? In your
pressure gets applied. Let’s say collaboration is a colleagues? Do you care enough about certain
cornerstone of the culture you need to create behavioural standards to find a way to point out
success. Someone delivers a difficult project on behaviours that do not meet them? Do you take
time, but has skipped key collaborative time to review your own behaviour? Everyone
components in order to achieve this. What do can make a difference here.
you do? When do you tolerate low collaboration
in the name of short-term deliverables? And These days, so much energy and investment goes
when do you not? into all of the trappings of building the best
culture, the values statements, roadshows, lists
There are many things a leader has to focus on if of behaviours and metrics. But then every day,
they want to change culture. Walking their own certain behaviours get quietly tolerated, and
talk and modelling the behaviour they want; much hoped for traction isn’t achieved.
selecting good culture metrics and holding
others to them; painting a picture of the desired In the end, it comes down to what happens in the
future culture and communicating it whenever day to day. What choices do people make at any
possible; assigning resources to building the given moment? What behaviours do they think
skills and infrastructure that will support the they can get away with? And does the culture
desired behaviours. But if you asked me to pick support those who choose not to tolerate those
one thing, it would be this, learn to be intolerant behaviours?
in all the right places.
As the saying goes: What you put up with, you
Above board behaviour end up with. Or, in culture management terms,
what you tolerate becomes the cultural norm.
Boards have long tolerated a whole range of So what are you willing to put up with?
behaviours, simply by not paying attention to
behaviour at all. Up until very recently, boards of
directors considered behaviour as a topic for
management, rather than directors.
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5 tips for habit formation
By Jerome Parisse-Brassens, Walking the Talk
In the culture space too, one of the top areas of This means that habits are small and need to be
research and focus at this time is habit easily practiced, repetitive, and visible. By
formation. At Walking the Talk, we define choosing to work on habits, we are able to shape
culture as the “patterns of behaviour that are our behaviours and move towards the desired
encouraged, discouraged or tolerated by people culture of the organisation. Successful
and systems, over time.” What we are trying to organisations are shaped by the habits and
do when shaping the culture of an organisation behaviours of their people. The little changes
is to get people to behave in a certain way, have a big impact, and you can then shape your
because if they do, this will lead to the results culture, habit by habit.
and the outcomes you want.
Here are some things to consider when choosing
The most effective way to change behaviours is the most effective habit to work on:
to target the belief and value system that
underpins why and how we behave. Because 1. Make sure the habit has a clear link to your
when we are able to change a belief or a value, a goal
different set of actions and behaviours follows,
and in turn, a different outcome. This is essential. If the habit is disconnected from
what you are trying to achieve, the exercise will
But another way to change behaviours is to feel pointless. The first step is to establish what
focus on forming different habits. Because it is you are trying to achieve. Has the desired culture
hard to change one’s behaviour, focusing on elements of collaboration or customer centricity,
something of smaller proportions such as a habit or is it more about innovation? Once your target
can be a very effective way of moving towards culture is clear, identify the behaviours you want
the goalpost. Habits can be defined as “a usual to see shifting in the business. For example, for
way of behaving, something that a person does collaboration, it may be “listen actively”, or
often in a regular and repeated way”, or “an “share information”, or “integrate information
acquired behaviour pattern regularly followed from the whole business into the decision
until it has become almost involuntary.” making”.
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Only then and based on the behaviour, can you If you start moving to the next habit before the
identify the habit. For example, for the first one is properly embedded, you will quickly
behaviour of “listen actively”, the habit could be realise that you have wasted your time. The first
“let people explain their position first before habit will be quickly forgotten. Introduce a new
speaking”, or “always ask two questions before habit, but keep working on the first one until it
stating your position.” becomes second nature.
Select small habits that can trigger a chain Finally, but most importantly, be gentle on
reaction in other areas of our lives when they yourself and make sure that there is appropriate
are changed. Think of the habit that will give you reward for the behaviour. The reward is an
the biggest shift with the less effort to shift. integral part of what is called the habit loop.
Small habits will give you small, quick wins and
provide a platform for other, different, bigger The loop starts with a trigger, or cue, which tells
habits to form. And they are contagious. It us how we should conduct ourselves, what our
doesn’t matter how small the habit is, if you can behaviour should be. The cue tells the brain to
do it everyday, you can build a platform for move into automatic processing. Cues can be a
change. location, a time, other people, an emotional
state, or even another behaviour! The behaviour
3. Choose one or two habits only (also called routine) is the response to the cue,
and the reward reinforces the link between the
Time to refrain your ambition or your drive. trigger and the behaviour in our brain. It does
Research shows that you cannot effectively that by creating a positive outcome for the
focus on more than one or two things at the behaviour, or removing a negative consequence.
same time. This is particularly true with habits. An example of habit loop in a culture-shaping
Many of my clients typically choose four or five context can be described as follows: At the start
habits they want to shift and they don’t, or every team meeting (the trigger or cue), I
understand why the change is happening at listen to participants as they check-in (the routine
snails pace. The trick is not to try to change too or behaviour), and then I check-in myself (the
many things, but to change a few things really reward: people are listening to me). A good way
well. So only pick a habit or two at a time. If you to keep practicing habits is to make sure that the
pick two habits, make sure they are not reward has a fun element to it, so that you want
triggered by the same thing or that they could to keep practicing it.
not be performed at the same time. For
example, choose a habit that you do first thing in Habits are central to culture shaping and make
the morning and another one at the start of the whole thing do-able. They offer a practical
each meeting, or one at the start of meetings approach that is rewarding, and they should be
and one at the end of meetings. part of any strategy to shift employees’ mindsets.
4. Don’t move on until the new habit is What habit are you trying to embed at the
embedded moment? Do you have any tips for habit
formation that you can share?
Most of us are impatient. This is not helping with
habits.
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Culture as a Management Practice
By Carolyn Taylor, Walking the Talk
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7. Choose and use symbols that clearly convey
where you are heading to. Striking attitudes
are the metaphor for this change. Some
symbols might be changing how leaders use
their time, and how the money is invested;
promoting high-potential people and firing
those unwilling to change even after
feedback. Indeed, leaders are the greatest
symbols the company can have.
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Consistency is the key to Culture Change
By Amanda Fajak, Walking the Talk
I was facilitating a group recently and we were audits and the like, they weren’t getting the
talking about the importance of trust, both in changes that they needed.
building them as a team and in creating the
culture they wanted in the workforce. Through As we were talking I noticed that we had walked
extensive discussion they agreed that being past someone not wearing their safety gloves,
consistent and ‘making the time’ were, for them, but the leader said nothing. At that point I was
key pillars of trust. confused and asked him why he had kept quiet.
His response was very telling; “Why worry about
In that session it struck me yet again how much the little things when we can’t even get the big
of a foundation to cultural change consistency things right!” What this leader had missed was a
was. In fact, how much of a foundation significant moment of truth. In that moment in
consistency was for any sort of change. time his actions (speaking up when someone was
doing something unsafe) were disconnected
What is consistency? Consistency is a certain from his words and from his target culture.
repeatability of behaviour so that people can
predict how you will respond in any given The reality is that our culture is merely an
situation and also know with clarity how they amalgamation of a whole lot of little moments.
are expected to operate. If culture is largely Occasionally a big event comes along that
shaped by people’s expectations around how to dramatically shifts how people operate for a
behave, then consistent leadership behaviour is short period of time, but this doesn’t sustain. It is
vital. focussing on the little things every day that
matters.
So how does it work?
Was this leader wrong? In my experience
I remember walking through a workshop with a most leaders under appreciate the importance of
leader who was lamenting the fact that, despite the little things and the importance of being
holding regular safety meetings, doing safety consistent every time.
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Consistency is key to cultural change.
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Walking the Talk is a world leader in helping clients align their culture
with their strategy to deliver business results.
hello@walkingthetalk.com
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2018 All rights reserved | Aug17