7th ICSE 2016 Abstract Volume Book

Scope
The Seventh International Conference on Science and Engineering, 2016 (7th

ICSE 2016) organized by Yangon Technological University (YTU), Myanmar. The
conference will be held in Yangon Technological University (YTU), Yangon, Myanmar
from 10th to 11th December, 2016. The Seventh International Conference on Science and
Engineering, 2016 (7th ICSE 2016) aims to bring together scientists, leading engineers,
industry researchers, and candidates from postgraduate courses to share and exchange
their knowledge, experiences, information, and research on science and technology.
The 7th ICSE 2016 will be held in accordance with the following objectives;
 To create opportunity for young generation scientists, engineers, technologists
and technicians to gain international experience
 To get chance for gaining technical knowledge from the international experts who
conduct seminars and workshops on science and technology
 To increase knowledge on science and technology by exchanging research
information with international universities and research organizations
 To enhance research knowledge and experience contributing to the advancement
of research capabilities in the country
 To gain experience in carrying out research activities in collaboration with
international universities
A wide range of important themes in various fields of Science and Engineering
will be addressed in the conference and those who are interested in science and
technology are warmly welcome to participate in 7th ICSE 2016. Participants are
requested to submit a proposal of academic or research paper for a 15-minute
presentation.
This international conference would encourage researchers and engineers to
present and discuss recent advances in science and engineering. ICSE feature paper
presentation of the following science and engineering fields:
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 Electrical and Electronics

(EC, EP, CEIT, Mechatronics)
 ICT
(CEIT, EC, Mechatronics)
 Manufacturing and Automation
(Mechanical, Mechatronics, Chemical, Textile, Aero, Metallurgy)
 Energy, Environment and Natural Sciences
(Civil, Biotechnology, Mining, Petroleum, Metallurgy, EP, EC, Nuclear
Engineering, Geology, Mechanical, Textile, Chemical, Remote Sensing, Physics,
Chemistry, Mathematics, Nuclear Engineering)
 Natural Disaster Prevention
(Civil, Architecture, EP, EC, CEIT, Mechatronics)
 Infrastructure
(Civil, Architecture, EP, EC, CEIT, Mechanical, Remote Sensing)
 Engineering Education
(Civil, Biotechnology, Mining, Petroleum, Metallurgy, CEIT, EP, EC, Nuclear
Engineering, Geology, Mechanical, Mechatronics, Textile, Chemical, Remote
Sensing, Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics)
Organizing Committee
General Chair
U Win Maw Tun Deputy Minister, Ministry of Education
Members
U Win Khaing Moe Director General, Department of Research and Innovation
Dr. Khin Maung Latt Director General, Department of Technical Promotion and
Coordination
Prof. U Nyi Hla Nge Vice Chairman, National Education Policy Commission (NEPC)
Prof. Dr. Ba Myint Member, Steering Committee for Technological Centres of
Excellence
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Prof. Dr. Kyaw Win Member, Steering Committee for Technological Centres of
Excellence
Prof. U Khin Maung Tin Member, Steering Committee for Technological Centres of
Excellence
Prof. Dr. Mya Mya Oo Retired Rector, Yangon Technological University
Prof. Dr. Myint Thein Rector, Mandalay Technological University
Prof. Dr. Kay Thi Lwin Rector, Technological University (Thanlyin)
Prof. Dr. Theingi Rector, West Yangon Technological University
Prof. Dr. Kyi Soe Rector, Technological University (Hmawbi)
Dr. Zaw Min Naing Deputy Director General, Department of Research and
Innovation
Prof. Dr. Khin Than Yu Pro-Rector, Yangon Technological University
Steering Committee
General Chair
Prof. Nyi Hla Nge
Vice Chairman, National Education Policy Commission (NEPC)
The Government of the Union of Myanmar
Members
1. Prof. Ba Myint
Member, Steering Committee for Technological Centers of Excellence, Yangon
Technological University and Mandalay Technological University
2. Prof. Kyaw Win
Member, Steering Committee for Technological Centres of Excellence, Yangon
3. Prof. Khin Maung Tin
Member, Steering Committee for Technological Centres of Excellence, Yangon
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4. U Win Khaing Moe

Director General, Department of Research and Innovation (DRI)
5. Dr. Khin Maung Latt
Director General, Department of Technical Promotion and Coordination (DTPC)
6. Prof. Mya Mya Oo
Rector (Retired), Yangon Technological University
7. U Aung Myint
President, Myanmar Engineering Society (MES)
8. Mr. Jareon Phetmunee
Business Development Manager, National Instruments, Thailand
9. Prof. Hiroshi Tamura
Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Faculty of Chemistry,
Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, Suita, Osaka 564-8680, Japan
10. Prof. Mitsuhiro Yokota
Dean of Faculty of Engineering, Department of Electrical & Systems Engineering,
University of Miyazaki, Japan
11. Prof. Kukjin Chun
Professor, Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering,
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
12. Prof. Kimiro Meguro
The University of Tokyo, Japan
13. Prof. Yoshihiro Ishitani
Graduate Course of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,
Chiba University, Japan
14. Mr. Isamu HAMADA
Projector Coordinator, Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)
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Technical Program Committee

Aerospace Engineering Prof. Dr. Kyi Thwin
Rector
Myanmar Aerospace Engineering University
Architecture Prof. Dr. Maung Hlaing
Professor and Head
Department of Architecture
Yangon Technological University
Chemical Engineering Asso. Prof. Dr. Tint Tint Kywe
Associate Professor and Head
Department of Chemical Engineering
Civil Engineering Prof. Dr. Nyan Myint Kyaw
Professor and Head
Department of Civil Engineering
Electrical Power Engineering Asso. Prof. Dr. Wunna Swe
Department of Electrical Power Engineering
Electronic Engineering Asso. Prof. Dr. Yu Yu Lwin
Department of Electronic Engineering
Computer Engineering and Asso. Prof. Dr. Win Zaw
Information Technology Associate Professor and Head,
Department of Computer Engineering and
Information Technology, Yangon Technological
University
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Mechanical Engineering Prof. Dr. Mi Sandar Mon

Professor and Head
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Mechatronic Engineering Asso. Prof. Dr. La Pyae Lynn
Department of Mechatronic Engineering
Metallurgical Engineering and Asso. Prof. Dr. Thein Tun
Material Science Associate Professor and Head
Department of Metallurgical Engineering
Mining Engineering Asso. Prof. Dr. Aung Lay Tin
Department of Mining Engineering
Nuclear Engineering Prof. Dr. Khin Khin Lay
Professor and Head
Department of Nuclear Engineering
Mandalay Technological University
Petroleum Engineering Asso. Prof. Dr. Zaw Htet Aung
Department of Petroleum Engineering
Textile Engineering Prof. Dr. Oo Oo Khin
Professor and Head
Department of Textile Engineering
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Biotechnology Asso. Prof. Dr. Ohn Mar Tun

Associate Professor
Department of Chemical Engineering
Engineering Chemistry Prof. Dr. Marlar Than
Professor and Head
Department of Engineering Chemistry
Engineering Geology Daw Khin Soe Moe
Lecturer and Head
Department of Engineering Geology
Engineering Mathematics Prof. Dr. Khaing Khaing Aye
Professor and Head
Department of Engineering Mathematics
Engineering Physics Prof. Dr. Aye Aye Kyu
Professor and Head
Department of Engineering Physics
English Asso. Prof. Daw Phyu Phyu Sein
Department of English
Myanmar Daw Khin Phone Tint
Lecturer and Head
Department of Myanmar
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Remote Sensing Asso. Prof. Dr. Myint Myint Khaing

Department of Remote Sensing
Invited Talks
Keynote Speakers
The 3 DOF Helicopter System Exposes Students to more Advanced Flight Dynamics
Concepts by Extending Control to Three Axes (Travel, Yaw and Pitch)
Mr. Jareon Phetmunee
Business Development Manager, National Instruments, Thailand
Electrochemical Capacitors Using Gel Electrolyte Based on Polysaccharides

Prof. Hiroshi Tamura
Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Faculty of Chemistry,
Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, Suita, Osaka 564-8680, Japan
Current Research in Faculty of Engineering, University of Miyazaki

Prof. Mitsuhiro Yokota
Dean of Faculty of Engineering, Department of Electrical & Systems Engineering,
MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) Technology and Its Applications

Prof. Kukjin Chun
Professor, Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering,
Development of Disaster Scenario Analysis System

Prof. Kimiro Meguro
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Phonon Engineering of Semiconductors in THz Frequency Region

Prof. Yoshihiro Ishitani
Panel Speakers
Interactive Design Tool for the Compound UAV with Lift Fan
Prof. Jae-Woo Lee
Professor and Director, KADA, Konkuk University,Seoul, Korea
Scientific Cloud Computing: an Overview

Prof. Prahlada Rao B.B.
Professor, Myanmar Institute of Information Technology (MIIT), Mandalay, Myanmar
Measurement and Control of Human Brain Dynamics

Prof. Keiji Iramina
Kyushu University, Japan
Internationalization Engineering Studies: Mobility Program at Faculty of Engineering,

Chiang Mai University
Prof. Juggapong Natwichai
Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chiang Mai University,
Thailand
Research into Radio Spectrum for Internet of Things and 5G Networks

Prof. Eryk Dutkiewicz
Head of School, School of Computing and Communications, Faculty of Engineering and
Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Australia
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Antennas and Propagation for Agricultural Applications

Prof. Monai Krairiksh
Department of Electronic and Telecommunication Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,
King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Thailand
Measurement of Hansen Solubility Parameter of Carbon Materials Using Hansen

Solubility Sphere Method
Prof. Dr. Hideki Yamamoto
Director, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Dean, Faculty of Environmental
and Urban Engineering, Kansai University, Osaka, Japan
Development of Geospatial Platform (G-Space) for Disaster Resilience System in

Myanmar
Mr. Ko Ko Lwin
Project Research Associate, The University of Tokyo, Japan
Tentative Building Vulnerability Assessment of Yangon

Prof. Osamu Murao
Inclusive Flood Disaster Risk Reduction in the Bago River Basin

Prof. Akiyuki Kawasaki
Project Associate Professor, The University of Tokyo, Japan
Permanent Magnet Films Applied for Miniaturized Devices

Prof. Masaki Nakano
Nagasaki University, Japan
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Application of Semi-Supervised Methods for Land Cover Classification of Multispectral

Remote Sensing Images
Prof. Senya Kiyasu
Improving Resource Efficiency in an FPGA-based Real-time Image Detection System

with the FIND Algorithm
Prof. Yuichiro Shibata
Design of a Three-dimensional Blade of Low Solidity Circular Cascade Diffusers by

Multi-Point Optimization
Prof. Daisaku Sakaguchi
Development of Boat-type Robot for Velocity Measurement in Natural River

Prof. Michio Sanjou
Kyoto University, Japan
Comparison of Load Testing and FE Analysis Results of Maubin Bridge

Prof. Yasuo Suzuki
Kyoto University, Japan
Applications of Coding Rule Learning Function to Workbook Codes for Java

Programming Learning Assistant System
Prof. Nobuo Funabiki
Okayama University, Japan
Asian Concrete Model Code for Sustainable Infrastructures

Prof. Tamon UEDA
JSCE IAC Senior Director, Hokkaidi University, Japan
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Rain-Induced Sediment-Related Disasters (Japan and Myanmar)and Introduction of

Some Research Approaches
Dr. Thi Ha
JSCE IAC Myanmar Group Member, Nippon Koei Co.,Ltd.
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The Seventh International Conference on Science and Engineering, 2016

Yangon Technological University, Yangon
December 9, 2016 (Friday)

10:00 - 16:00 Registration
Yangon Technological University (ICSE office)
December 10, 2016 (Saturday)
08:00 - 09:00 Registration
Yangon Technological University (Main Hall)
Opening Ceremony
Yangon Technological University (Main Hall)
Opening with Culture Show
09:00 - 10:00 Opening Address
Photo Session
Exhibition Launching Ceremony
Exhibition Area
10:00 - 10:30 Coffee Break
Invited Keynote Speaker

The 3 DOF Helicopter System Exposes Students to
10:30 - 11:00 more Advanced Flight Dynamics Concepts by
(Main Hall)
Extending Control to Three Axes (Travel, Yaw and Pitch)
Mr. Jareon Phetmunee
Business Development Manager, National Instruments
11:00 - 11:30 Current Research in Faculty of Engineering,

(Main Hall) University of Miyazaki
Prof. Mitsuhiro Yokota
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11:30 - 12:00 Phonon Engineering of Semiconductors in THz Frequency Region
(Main Hall) Prof. Yoshihiro Ishitani
12:00 - 13:00 Lunch Break
13:00 - 15:00 Parallel Session
December 11, 2016 (Sunday)


10:30 - 11:00 Electrochemical Capacitors Using Gel Electrolyte

(Main Hall) Based on Polysaccharides
Prof. Hiroshi Tamura
Kansai University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
11:00 - 11:30 MEMS Technology and Its Applications
(Main Hall) Prof. Kukjin Chun
11:30 - 12:00 Development of Disaster Scenario Analysis System
(Main Hall) Prof. Kimiro Meguro
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12:00 - 13:00 Lunch Break
Closing Ceremony and Grand Dinner

18:30 - 21:00
Yangon Technological University (Lawn)
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The 3 DOF Helicopter System Exposes Students to more

Advanced Flight Dynamics Concepts by Extending Control to
Three Axes (Travel, Yaw and Pitch)
Jareon Phetmunee
Area Sales Manager for Thailand, Business Development Manager for
Machine Condition Monitoring and Hard Disk Drive Industries,
National Instruments, Thailand
Jareon.p@ni.com
ABSTRACT
Within a series of lab modules, students are tasked to design roll, pitch and yaw
controllers for the 3 DOF Helicopter using various techniques, including root loci, Bode
plots, LQR, LQG and dynamic output feedback. At the design and simulation stage,
students work in the LabVIEW Control Design and Simulation Module and LabVIEW
Math Script RT Module environments. With the 3D visualization of the 3 DOF
Helicopter provided, can easily compare the simulation and the actual physical system.
To test the performance of designed controllers on an actual physical system, students use
the Quanser-NI platform; combining Quanser highly nonlinear 3 DOF Helicopter with NI
hardware (Compact RIO) and software tools (LabVIEW FPGA and LabVIEW Real-Time
modules). This solution significantly reduces setup time, simplifying connections and
testing process so that the lab time can be used for teaching and learning rather than
hardware testing.
EXPLORE AEROSPACE CONCEPTS

The 3 DOF Helicopter experiment provides a bench top model of a Tandem rotor
helicopter, used for transport and search and rescue missions. It can be used to understand
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and develop control laws for a vehicle that has dynamics representative of a dual rotor
rigid body helicopter, or any device with similar dynamics.
HOW IT WORKS
The 3 DOF Helicopter is composed of a model helicopter body, a metal base, and an
aluminum frame. The helicopter has two propellers mounted in parallel to each and are
actuated by DC motors - similarly to Tandem dual rotor helicopters. The helicopter body
is suspended from an instrumented joint that is mounted at the end of a long arm and is
free to pitch about its centre. The other end of the arm is fastened to the base using a two
degree of freedom joint. This allows the arm, and thus the helicopter, to be rotated about
the vertical axis - the travel axis - as well as up and down - the elevation axis. The other
end of the arm has an adjustable counterweight that changes the effective mass of the
helicopter system - making it light enough to be lifted by the thrust from the propellers.
All axes are measured using high-resolution encoders to obtain precise position feedback.
The slip ring mechanism on the vertical axis allows the body to rotate continuously by
eliminating the need for any wires to connect the motors and encoders to the base. The
front and back propellers control the movement of the helicopter.
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Electrochemical Capacitors Using Gel Electrolyte Based on

Polysaccharides
Hiroshi Tamura, Ditpon Kotatha, Satoshi Uchida, Masaki Yamagata,

Masashi Ishikawa, Tetsuya Furuike
Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering
Kansai University, Japan
tamura@kansai-u.ac.jp
ABSTRACT
Recent developments and advances in energy storage system that can deliver large
amounts of energy and high power is addressing and solving the problems in the usage of
mobile equipment, electric vehicles, transportable systems, and small energy grids that
employ renewable energy sources. Supercapacitors are one of the key devices among
these energy storage systems, and are becoming widely accepted as practical energy
storage devices in both stand-alone and in combination with batteries, because they have
high power density and long cycle life attributed to their unique storage mechanism. To
satisfy the recent requirements such as electric vehicles, non-aqueous EC systems
utilizing an organic electrolyte (e.g., acetonitrile, propylene carbonate) have been widely
studied because their wide electrochemical window can enhance the cell voltage and total
stored energy of ECs. Here, we introduce gel electrolytes based on polysaccharides
(alginate, chitosan and bacterial cellulose) and ionic liquids (IL) for a non-aqueous EC
and demonstrated their excellent EC performances due to high affinity of polysaccharides
for an activated carbon and carbon-based materials, resulting a decrease in the
electrode/electrolyte interfacial resistance. We have successfully prepared a thin film of
polysaccharides/IL gel by impregnation of a polysaccharide sheet with hydrophobic ionic
liquid. This transparent and colorless gel sheet has high mechanical strength and high
retentivity of ionic liquid enough to construct EC cells. According to charge-discharge
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tests for the EC test cell composed of activated carbon fiber cloth (ACFC) electrodes and
the gel electrolyte, the test cell exhibits a typical charge-discharge profile for EC with a
low IR drop and enough coulombic efficiency over 99%. Taking into account the results
of ac impedance measurements, observed advantages of these gel electrolytes in high-rate
capability are caused by high affinity of both polysaccharides for the activated carbon
electrode, which reduce charge-transfer resistance at the electrode/electrolyte interface.
Therefore, applying polysaccharides to a gel electrolyte can tap the full potential of ionic
liquids for ECs.
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Current Research in Faculty of Engineering,

University of Miyazaki
Mitsuhiro YOKOTA
Faculty of Engineering, University of Miyazaki, Japan
t0b210u@cc.miyazaki-u.ac.jp
ABSTRACT
University of Miyazaki (UoM) is located on the island of Kyushu in the south of Japan.
Facing the Pacific Ocean, Miyazaki Prefecture is blessed with beautiful scenery and
people as warm as its climate. UoM has five faculties, four graduate schools, two
Interdisciplinary graduate schools, and over ten centers. The university also promotes
research that focuses on the fields of life science, environmental science, food science,
and energy science. The major areas for the Faculty of Engineering are environmental
science and energy science. In addition, we promote welfare engineering and basic
research on engineering and technology. Below is a brief summary of some of the
faculty’s current research.
1. Renewable energy
In this category, there are four projects: (1) solar thermal energy, (2) photovoltaic
systems, (3) solar panel, and (4) hydrogen energy.
(1) For the solar thermal energy project, a beam-down solar thermal collector that
reaches a temperature of 1,800 oC was installed at UoM. Also, the cascade
utilization of temperature for fabrication of metal-Si and hydrogen production is
being studied.
(2) At UoM, there are various types of photovoltaic systems that are used for
development of high-efficiency photovoltaics. This research plays a central role
in Japan. We have successfully developed high-quality materials and high-
efficiency photovoltaic systems using world-class technologies. The electric
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power generated from the high-efficiency concentrator photovoltaic systems can

be applied to various fields.
(3) Low-resistivity, high-transparency materials on film is developed at low
temperatures.
(4) In order to contribute to a sustainable society, the focus is on a hydrogen energy
project and developing hydrogen energy technology. In particular, we study the
design of proton conducting ceramics and their applications to hydrogen energy
conversion devices such as stem electrolysis and fuel cells, and this research has
generated useful results.
2. Environmental conservation
In this category, there are two projects: (1) water purification and (2) recycling of rare
metals.
(1) Foam concentration for pathogen detection, the generation of high-pressure
plasma ozone for disinfection, and new adsorbent for pollutant removal are
some of the advanced technologies that have been developed, based on the fact
that detection and inactivation of pathogens and pollutants in water use are
among the most fundamental processes in dealing with pollution. Our goal is to
develop advanced technologies of purification and regeneration for water
resources in order to avert environmental pollution.
(2) Scraps of electronic devices contain precious metals and rare metals. For the
recovery of metals from e-waste, new types of extractants and adsorbents
created from natural resources are developed. Also, the purification of
biomolecules, such as using fish waste as a resource to develop home iron and
bioactive peptide, are studied. Biomolecules originating from fish resources can
be used to prepare supplements all over the world without being subject to
religious restrictions.
3. Human welfare engineering
The aim of this study is to present the analytical method of biological signals that can
be used to create human computer interfaces and welfare robots that improve the
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quality of life of disabled persons. The obstacle evading function is developed by

using a laser range scanner for the hands-free control of electric wheelchairs.
4. Astrophysics
X-ray detectors on-board astronomical satellite have been developed. Recently, we
have studied an extremely large, ultra-low-noise X-ray CCD that was on-board the
ASTRO-H satellite. Development has also begun of a new type of X-ray detector (X-
ray CMOS), whose response is much faster than the conventional devices even at
room temperature. This device will be a next-generation X-ray detector for space use.
The mission at the Faculty of Engineering is to draw on the knowledge obtained through
the research described above and elsewhere to foster creative, open-minded, and globally
oriented engineers capable of high communication skills and outstanding academic
achievements.
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MEMS Technology and its Applications
Kukjin Chun
Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering,
kchun@snu.ac.kr
ABSTRACT
MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) provides fabrication platform for the
realization of 3D micro-scale structures on many different substrates such as
semiconductors, polymers and ceramics. It is also an enabling technology for sensors and
actuators with much higher performance based on electrical, mechanical, optical,
biological, thermal and chemical principles. MEMS technology is quite similar to
microelectronics fabrication which is batch process with the advantages of low cost,
uniform characteristics and monolithically integrated with Integrated Circuits for higher
performance by reducing parasitic effects and interference. Top selling MEMS sensors
are accelerometers, gyroscopes, pressure sensors and IR sensors while inkjet printer
heads, timing devices, wafer probe cards and RF filters are top in actuator market.
The Internet of Things (IoT) will be one of the technical key issues nowadays where
sensors will play a key role for its devices and systems. IoT requires smart sensors with
the capability of data acquisition, signal processing and communication at the nodes. The
sensors can be realized with hybrid or monolithic configuration with sensors and
circuitry. In this talk, MEMS devices for communication, automotive, microelectronics,
biological and imaging applications will be addressed which has been done in my
laboratory including RF filters/switches, accelerometers/gyroscopes, Immunosensors in
microfluidic structure and handheld microscopic system as well as distance sensor for
ADAS.
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Development of Disaster Scenario Analysis System
Kimiro Meguro, Muneyoshi Numada, Khaing Moe Nyunt, Khin Than Yu

International Center for Urban Safety Engineering (ICUS),
Institute of Industrial Science (IIS), The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Japan
meguro@iis.u-tokyo.ac.jp
ABSTRACT
We have developed the processes base disaster scenario analysis system with dynamic
risk analysis and simulation of the disaster responses. With the proposed system, we can
analyse the effects of countermeasures, such as mitigation and preparedness, etc. by
evaluating the reduction of damage and workload for responses. This paper describes the
basic concept of the proposed system and preparation of building data set to evaluate the
damage conditions. The buildings data created by YCDC converts to GeoJSON file and
then, the database of building data is created to calculate damage conditions on the web
server.
Keywords: Disaster management, Scenario analysis, Disaster process, Damage

assessment, Database
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Phonon Engineering of Semiconductors in THz Frequency Region
Yoshihiro Ishitani, Hironori Sakamoto, Eito Takeuchi, Bei Ma, Ken Morita
Graduate Course of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,
ishitani@faculty.chiba-u.jp
ABSTRACT
Phonon has been studied a lot for a long time; however that is not controlled at present in
spite of its potential for the application to optical devices of THz frequency region. In this
article we present quantum interference between LO phonon and inter-valence band
transition, and infrared absorption and generation of electric dipoles of metal/
semiconductor composites.
Keywords: Electron – LO phonon coupling, Composite materials, Quantum interference,

THz wave absorption, Fano interference
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The Seventh International Conference on

Science and Engineering, 2016
Electrical and Electronics
No. Name, Title Page

1. Masaki Nakano
Permanent Magnet Films Applied for Miniaturized Devices 2
2. Eryk Dutkiewicz
Research into Radio Spectrum for Internet of Things and 5G Networks 3
3. Keiji Iramina
Measurement and Control of Human Brain Dynamics 4
4. Khine Khine Mon
Economic Load Dispatch Using Particle Swarm Optimization Method for Yangon
Region 5
5. Ye Htut Khaing
Fuzzy Inference System Approach to Restoration Path Optimization in Power
Transmission Lines 6
6. Aung Pyae Khaing
Comparison of Process Reaction Curve Method and Modified Derivative Gain
Method for PID Controller 7
7. Myo Nay Zar
Artificial Intelligence Based Autonomous Cruise Control for Advanced Driver
Assistant System 8
8. Naing Pyae Phyo
Index Recognition of Satellite Image Using Fuzzy Logic 9
9. Moe Moe Myint
3D Reconstruction of the Real Objects Using Shape-from-Silhouette Approach 10
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10. Kyaw Myo Lin

Optimal Placement of Unified Power Flow Controller Based on Load Curtailment
Sensitivity Indices 11
11. Than Htay Aung
Design and Implementation of E-Restaurant System 12
12. Khin Nyein Chann
Image-Based Vehicle Classifying and RFID Cashing System 13
13. War War May The
Modified Leaky Least Mean Square Algorithm for Noise Cancellation in Speech
Signals 14
14. Kyaw Zin Latt
WCF-based Real-Time Data Collection and Monitoring for Steel Making Process 15
15. Iain Skinner
Anisotropy and Mode-Converting Optical Fiber Gratings 16
16. Chan Mya Hmway
Voice Recognition System for Isolated Word of Myanmar Language Using MFCC
and DTW 17
17. Shane
Distribution Systems Operation Optimization through Reconfiguration and
Capacitor Allocation for Loss Reduction and Voltage Profile Improvement 18
18. Khin Sabai Htwe
Region of Interest Extraction Based on Labelling Finger Vein Images 19
19. Khin Kyu Kyu Win
Comparison on Matching Methods Used in Pose Tracking for 3D Shape
Representation 20
20. Soe Yu Yu Nwe
Development of Curve Speed Estimation System for Highway Safety 21
21. Waing Wai Wai Phyo
Tumor Extraction from MRI Images Using Matlab 22
22. Ei Phyu Zaw
Working Set Prediction in Live VM Migration Using Machine Learning (WSPML) 23
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23. Su Mon Tint Soe

Effective Image Watermarking Based on Spread Spectrum Technique Using
Wavelet Transform 24
24. Thein Aung Tin
Stability of Speed Control System for Rotary Automatic Car Parking System 25
25. Hlaing Min Oo
Synthesis and Analysis of the Autotransformer Rectifier Unit Based on Symmetric
and Asymmetric Design (ATRU-18) 26
26. Thet Su Win
Robust Method for Mosaic of Environmental Area by Using Sequence Images
Obtained from UAV 27
27. Hsu Myat San
Vision-Based Automobile Robotic Arm Using Wi-Fi and Webcam 28
28. Theint Theint Thu
A Parallel Resampling Method of an FPGA-Based Particle Filter for Real-Time
Object Tracking 29
29. Myat Thiri Ko
Stability Analysis of Active Pantograph with Sliding Mode Controller and Sliding
Mode Observer 30
30. Pyone Ei Ei Shwe
An Application of Data-Driven Pole Placement: Simultaneously Deriving
Linearized State-Space Model and Pole Placement Gain 31
31. Hnin Aye Wai
Safe Position Tracking Control of Wheeled Mobile Robot in Accompanying Human 32
32. Naing Lin Tun
Improved Nonlinear Disturbance-Observer Based Force Estimation for
Teleoperation: Application to Disaster Aid Robotic Systems 33
33. Yu Yu Aung
Enhancement of Low Velocity UAV Camera Control System with Filter 34
34. Wai Lin Htun
Modern Traffic Control System Using Computer Vision 35
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35. Htet Paing Oo

Design and Implementation of Quadcopter with Stability Control 36
36. Wunna Thu
Time-varying Load Consideration for System Reconfiguration by Optimal
Scheduling of Distributed Generations (DGs) 37
37. Thwin Thu Lynn
Comparison and Analysis of Positioning Control Techniques for Servo Motor
Used in Flat-Bed Screen Printing Machine 38
38. Atar Mon
Analysis of Filtering Algorithms for Active Noise Cancellation 39
39. Myo Me Me
Obstacle Avoidance Algorithm of Guidance Robot for the Visually Impaired
People 40
40. Myint Myint Than
Power Factor Correction Using Solid State Switched Capacitors 41
41. Kaung Htet Naing
Variable Speed Drive for Controlling Three-Phase AC Induction Motor 42
42. Hla Myo Tun
Electronic Transition Dynamics of Deep Levels in a p-GaN Film Analysed by
Time Resolved PL Measurements Using Two Excitation Laser Beams 43
ICT

43. Senya Kiyasu
Application of Semi-Supervised Methods for Land Cover Classification of
Multispectral Remote Sensing Images 45
44. Juggapong Natwichai
Internationalization Engineering Studies: Mobility Program at Faculty of
Engineering, Chiang Mai University 46
45. Prahlada Rao B.B.
Scientific Cloud Computing: an Overview 47
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46. Khin Khin Zaw

A Core Blank Element Selection Algorithm for Code Reading Studies by Fill-in-
blank Problems in Java Programming Learning Assistant System 48
47. Wut Yee Htay
Implementation of Text Data Encryption and Decryption Using AES Alogrithm 49
48. Mya Sandar Oo
Development of Path Planning Algorithm for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle 50
49. Nu Nu Win
Estimation of Network Traffic Status for Networked Control Systems with Data
Dropout and Its Control 51
50. Theint Theint Htwe
Vision-based Human Tracking Robot Using Kalman Filter 52
51. Lei Lei Tun Shwe
Mobile Robot Self-Localization and Mapping for Structured Indoor Environment 53
52. Aye Chan
Self-Righting of a Tail Assist Mobile Robot 54
53. Ei Ei Mon
Radius Aware Energy Efficient Cluster based Routing Protocol in Homogeneous
Wireless Sensor Network 55
54. Tin Myat Htwe
A Neural Probabilistic Language Model for Joint Morphological Segmentation
and POS Tagging 56
55. Kyaw Thiha
Autonomous Parking System of a Car-like Mobile Robot Using an Image Based
Fuzzy Controller 57
56. Saw Mon Yee Aung
The Effect of Human on Multiwall and Multifloor Model in Indoor Radio Propagation 58
57. Nan Mo Kham
Image Steganography Using Discrete Wavelet Transform and Adaptive Pixel Pair
matching 59
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58. Baby Htun

Comparison the Usage of Colour Space Conversion in Observation of Abandoned
Objects in Public Area 60
59. Khin Su Myat Moe
Improved Distribution Transforming Encoder for Securing Honey Encryption 61
60. Pann Ei Sein
SMS Based School Children Tracking and Safety System 62
61. Aye Mya Win
Survey on Experimental Tools for Wireless Sensor Networks 63
62. Thet Swe Myint
Stability Enhancement of Position and Force Control System with Lead
Compensation 64
63. Me Me Aung
Automatic Ripeness Detection of Oil Palm Fruit Using HSV Color Space 65
64. Moe Sandar Aung
Enhancement of Positioning Control System: Proxy-Based Sliding Mode Control
(PSMC) with Friction Compensator 66
65. Mon Mon The
Students’ E-readiness for E-learning at Two Major Technological Universities in
Myanmar 67
66. Fajar Purnama
Demonstration on Extending the Page View Feature to Page Section Based:
Towards Identifying Reading Patterns of Users 68
67. Tin Thu Zar Win
Systematic Selection of Initial Centroid for K-Means Document Clustering System 69
68. Su Su Yi Mon
Examination of GPS Positioning Using Software Receiver 70
69. Myo Maung Maung
A Motor Speed Control System with Arduino and MATLAB/Simulink for Student
Laboratory Education 71
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70. Myintzu Phyo Aung

Construction Myanmar Phrase Structure Grammar for Myanmar Noun Phrase
Extraction 72
71. Zay Yar Htoo Myat
Wireless LAN Based Home Automation System 73
72. May Pwint Phyu
Prolonging Network Lifetime of Clustering Algorithm in Wireless Sensor Network 74
73. Khin Myo Thant
Image Steganography Using Optimized Pixel Value Differencing Method and
Performance Comparison of Least Significant Bit Method 75
74. Wai Mar Hlaing
Search Space Reduction Using K-means Clustering and Adjacency Matrices for
GIS-Usage Information Retrieval 76
75. Aye Mon Tun
Effective Structuring of Distance Examination System Using Mobile Agent 77
76. Tin Zar Khaing Wai
Advanced Position Control Algorithm for Stability Improvement of Line Following
Robot 78
77. Shein Wah Win
A New Temperature Control Algorithm with Gain Scheduled PID and Kalman
Filtering Estimator 79
78. Hnin Pwint Phyu
Analysis of Rips Complex for Completeness of Coverage in Wireless Sensor Network 80
79. Thiri Su
Low Cost Wireless Flood Detection System Using RF and GSM Communication 81
Manufacturing and Automation

80. Jae-Woo Lee
Interactive Design Tool for the Compound UAV with Lift Fan 83
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81. Yuichiro Shibata

Improving Resource Efficiency in an FPGA-based Real-time Image Detection
System with the FIND Algorithm 84
82. Min Thaw Tun
Off-design Performance Improvement in Centrifugal Compressors with
Recirculation Flow Type Casing Treatment by Optimized Guide Vane 85
83. Win Thurein
Performance Test of Railbus, Resistance Forces, Tractive Effort and Its Balance
Speed 86
84. Thiha Zaw
Effects of Inlet and Outlet Extensions on Transmission Loss of an Expansion
Chamber Muffler by Transfer Matrix Method 87
85. Kaung Khant Ko Ko Han
Control of Exoskeleton for Assisting Human Labour in Industry 88
86. Aung Myat San
Modelling and Simulation of a 5-DOF Stationary Articulated Robot Using Matlab
and Robo Analyzer 89
87. Saint Saint Pyone
Object Recognition for Grasping Tasks Using Industrial Robots 90
88. San Linn
Enhancing the Hygienic Quality of Myanmar Traditional Fermented Food
(Shrimp Paste) by Gamma Irradiation 91
89. Thi Thi Win
Synthesis and Characterization of Heterogeneous Catalysts from Various
Eggshells for Biodiesel Production 92
90. Thant Zin Nyunt
Analysis on Foundry Grade Ferrosilicon Alloy Making from Local Quartzite Ore 93
91. Min Min Aung Thu
Analysis on Side Gating, Feeding and Pouring System in Lost Foam Casting
Process of Gray Cast Alloyed Cylinder Liner for Diesel Engine 94
92. Aye Thi Tar
Study on Processing of Rare Earth Oxide from Myanmar Monazite 95
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93. Minn Minn Htun

A Study on Recovery of Gold Leaching from Tailing of Moedi Moemi Gold Mine
Using Column Leach Test 96
94. Nay Linn Htay
Analysis of Tracked Unmanned Ground Vehicle Performance on Various Terrains 97
95. Soe Yu Maung Maung
Geometric Approach Path Planning for Parallel Parking Mobile Robot 98
96. Myat Phyoe Phyoe Aung
Velocity Bounding Proxy-based Sliding Mode Control of 2-D Gantry Crane 99
97. Khaing Zar Aung
Friction Identification and Compensation of DC Motor for Precise Motion Control 100
98. Hiroyuki Akazawa
Anti-oxidant Potential of the Branch Extract of Pyrus Pyrifolia 101
99. Hlwan Htet Htet San
Design and Structural Analysis of Helical Gear for Light-Weight Car 102
100. Nan Kathy Lin
Numerical Aspects and Experimental Work on Modification of Impeller Tip for
Pump as Turbine 103
101. Nwe Nwe Htun Winn
Improved Local Thresholding Using Morphological Operators for Blank Space
Detection in Industrial Packaging System 104
102. Than Tun Naing
Solidification Height of PCM in the Direct Contact Heat Storage Vessel is
Controlled by Aluminum Metal Fiber 105
103. Myint Thein
Real-time Vibration Measurement using a Feedback Control System in a Laser
Interferometer 106
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Energy, Environment and Natural Science

104. Hideki Yamamoto
Measurement of Hansen Solubility Parameter of Carbon Materials Using
Hansen Solubility Sphere Method 108
105. Daisaku Sakaguchi
Design of a Three-dimensional Blade of Low Solidity Circular Cascade
Diffusers by Multi-Point Optimization 109
106. Monai Krairiksh
Antennas and Propagation for Agricultural Applications 110
107. Akiyuki Kawasaki
Inclusive Flood Disaster Risk Reduction in the Bago River Basin 111
108. Sai Myo Than Htay
Controlling the Morphology of ZnO: Al Nanowires Grown by Ultrasonic Spray
Pyrolysis 112
109. Min Thu San
Existence of the Starting Energy of the Surface Wave Oscillator in BSW Region 113
110. Khaing Chan Myae Win
Performance Analysis of Renewable Energy Sources Coordination to Distribution
System 114
111. Ya Min Soe
Analysis on Performance of DC Microgrid under Fault Condition 115
112. Minn Minn Aung
Analytical Study for the Design of Diode Arrays Side Pumped Neodymium Doped
YAG Laser 116
113. Ko Ko Aung
Evaluation of Distance Protection Setting in Extra High Voltage Transmission
line in Myanmar 117
114. Saw Aung Zaw Aye
Geochemical Fraction of Chromium in Unsaturated Soil in Kotagede District,
Yogyakarta City, Indonesia 118
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115. Zaw Myo Htet

Geology and Geochemical Studies of Lithium Bearing Pyingyi Taung Pegmatites,
Singu Township, Mandalay Region 119
116. Paike Htwe
The Classification and Origin of the Ngrayong Sandstones in the Madura Island,
North-East Java Basin, Indonesia 120
117. Aung Tay Zar
Vein Textures and Ore Mineralogy of Onzon-Kanbani Gold Deposits, Thabeikkyin
Township, Mandalay Region, Myanmar 121
118. Thanh Hung Vo
Application Petrophysical Rock Typing Enhance Reservoir Description for “E”
Sand Oligocene Formation, Nam Vang Oilfield, Mekong Basin 122
119. Yu Yu Myaing
Geology and Ore Mineralization of The Tumpang Pitu Prospect Area in
Banyuwangi Regency, East Java Province, Indonesia 123
120. Thin Sandar Oo
Effect of Chitosan on Dyeability of Cotton Fabric Dyed with Natural Dye Extract 124
121. Ei Ei Phyoe
Analysis of UV Protective Effect on Cotton and Polyester/Cotton Blended Fabrics
Dyed with Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus Globulus) Leaf Extract 125
122. Thin Thin Khaing
Effect of Chitosan on Functional Characteristics of Cotton Fabric 126
123. Ohnmar Tun
Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of Cotton Fabric Treated with Neem Leaf
(Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) Extract 127
124. Hnin Lae Phyu Soe
Investigation on the Hydrophobic Properties of Cotton and Rayon Fabrics 128
125. Ni Ni Thinn
Formaldehyde Free Crease Resistant Finishing of Cellulosic Fabrics Using Citric
Acid and Selective Chemical Additives 129
126. Amarin Boontun
Abrasion Resistance of Aggregate Consisting of Limestone and Shale 130
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127. Masaki Nakano

Permanent Magnet Films Applied for Miniaturized Devices 131
128. Aung Thu Ya
Behavior of Three Different Types of Solution Catalysts over Three Different
Growth Temperatures for the Growth of Random Type Carbon Nanotube Arrays 132
129. Maw Maw Tun
Estimation of Waste Resource Recovery from the Daily Collected Wastes in
Yangon 133
130. Mya Mya Khaing
Study on Performance Analysis of Airfoil Centrifugal Fan 134
131. Kyaw Wyn Htun
Energy Analysis on 300W SP Solar Photovoltaic Generator (PV) 135
132. Tetsuo Umegaki
Copper-Zinc Oxide-Based Catalyst Coated with Porous Silica for Hydrogenation
of Carbon Dioxide into Methanol 136
133. Cho Cho
Preparation and Characterization of Transparent Rice Straw Cellulose Hydrogel
Films by Phase Inversion Method 137
134. Tadashi Aoyama
Alkylation of β-Dicarbonyl Compounds Using Alcohols in the presence of
NaHSO4/SiO2 under Microwave Irradiation 138
135. Moe Theingi Hlaing
Microbiological Analysis on Different Types and Storage Conditions of Shrimp
Paste 139
136. Min Min Yee
Nile Red Fluorescence Regulation in Stimuli-Responsive Polymeric Micelle of
Poly (Acrylic Acid-b-N-Isopropylacrylamide) 140
137. Myat Myat Thaw
Chemical Gas Sensor Applications of Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles for Acetone,
Ethanol, Toluene and Ammonia 141
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138. Ei Myat Mon

Investigation of the Effect of Different Insulation Layers on Heat Loss in
Downdraft Gasifier 142
139. Thet Myo
The Potential of Micro Hydropower for the Rural Electrification of Myanmar 143
140. Tun Lin Naing
Space-vector Modulation Based Single-Phase Inverter with LC Output Filter 144
141. Mai Kai Suan Tial
Effect of Coil Current Modulation in a Planar Type Ar-O2 Inductively Coupled
Thermal Plasma 145
142. Aye Mi Mi Khaine
Estimation of Power Generation from Plastic Wastes 146
143. Kyaw Min Tun
Active & Reactive Power Control of A Doubly Fed Induction Generator Driven
By A Wind Turbine 147
144. Takuma Hasegawa
Prewashing of TLC Plate for Background Suppression in TLC-Blot MS Imaging 148
145. Hirihattaya Phetmung
Electron Spin Resonance of Copper Carboxylate Derivative Compounds 149
146. Htay Win Oo
Study on Purification of Rare Earth Element from Mixed Rare Earth Oxides and
Production of High-Purity Neodymium Oxide by Solvent Extraction 150
147. Nann Soe
Study on Production of Lithium Carbonate from Myanmar Lepidolite Ore by
Sodium Sulphate Method 151
148. Shwe Hlaing Htun
Preparation and Characterization of Natural Rubber and Styrene Butadiene
Rubber Composites by Using Carbonized Coir 152
149. Aung Kyaw Htun
Extraction of Lanthanum Oxide from Monazite Concentrate by Selective
Precipitation Method 153
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150. Kyaw Ye Aung

Synthesis and Characterization of Aluminium-Magnesium-Iron Based Water
Activated Ration Heater 154
151. Nyo Zin Hlaing
Repellent Activity of Different Neem-based Insecticides against Black Aphids,
Aphis fabae 155
152. Wah Wah Than
Determination of Toxicity level in Some Myanmar Traditional Medicinal Plants
with Antimalarial Activity 156
153. Sa Aung Ko Ko
Removal of Heavy Metal by Using Isolated Bacteria from Industrial Wastewater
in Laboratory Scale 157
154. Ngyein Min Zaw
Effect of Soil conservation on Soil Organic Carbon Content in a small Catchment
of Northern Part of Popa Mountain, Myanmar 158
155. Cho Lwin Maw
In Vitro Cultivation of Human Malaria Parasite, Plasmodium Falciparum
Isolates 159
156. Thazin Win
Screening on the Amylase Producing Activity of Some Thermophilic Bacterial
Strains Isolated from Hot Spring 160
157. Moe Kyaw Aung
Significance of Poisoning Effects by Fission Products in PWR 161
158. Nway Nway Khaing
Structural, Microstructural and Magnetic Studies of Nickel Substituted Cobalt-
Zinc Ferrites 162
159. July Oo
Study on Humidity Sensitive Electrical Properties of Copper-Zinc Ferrites 163
160. Hnin Hlwar Nu
Study on Superionic Conductivity of Magnesium Ferrites-Magnesium Chromates 164
161. Aye Sandar Oo
Fabrication of Nickel Doped Zinc Oxide Ferromagnetic Material and Its Properties 165
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162. Thein Min Aung

Two Stages Cascaded Attitude Estimator for Multirotor Craft 166
163. Sithu Han
Kinetic Modelling of Rice Husk Gasification in Reduction Zone of a Downdraft
Gasifier 167
164. Nway Nay Hlaing
Preliminary Examination on Steam Reforming of Biomass Gasification over
Nickel-based Catalysts 168
165. Yadanar Win Myint
Determination of Antioxodant and Antimicrobial potential of Some Myanmar
Medicinal Plants 169
166. Myo Myint
Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Green Pea (Pisum Sativum) Proteins for Generating
Bioactive Peptides (BAPs) 170
167. Zin Min Htwe
Screening of Pectinase Enzyme Producing Bacteria from the Fruits and Vegetable
Wastes 171
168. Thiha Thaw
Impact Assessment of Textile Wastewater around the Seik Kun Village 172
169. Aung Myat Maw
Development of Arduino Based Pulse Counting System for Radiation Detection
Instrument 173
170. Lu Zaw
Mushroom Cultivation on Irradiated Sugarcane Bagasse 174
171. Cho Thu Thu Zaw
Study on the Dosimetry System Calibration and Qualification of an Industrial
Electron Beam Accelerator Facility at Bhabha Atomic Research Centre in India 175
172. Min Min Zaw
Comparative Study on Gamma Irradiated Crosslinked Honey Hydrogel and
Hydrogel for Burn Wound Dressing 176
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173. Moe Min Htwe

Analysis on Shelf-life and Nutritional Effects of the Gamma Irradiated Fresh
Fruits for International Trade Purpose 177
174. Khin Myo Sett
Study on Gamma Radiation Treatment for Textile Dyeing Wastewater 178
175. Kaung Myat
Assessment of Irrigation Water Requirements and Allocation of Different
Irrigated Areas Around Mandalay 179
176. Thwe Thwe Than
Price Elasticity of Water Demand for Selected Industries 180
177. Cherry Myo Lwin
Phosphorus Flows from Livestock and Domestic Waste Water in Myanmar 181
178. Khin Phyu Phyu Aung
Domestic Wastewater Treatment Using Locally Available Materials 182
179. Shwe Yee Mon Mon
Water Quality Assessment of Inya Lake 183
180. Hnin Thiri Myo
Analysis of Future Temperature Changes in Central Dry Zone of Myanmar 184
181. Yan Naing Kyaw
Study on the Chlorine Gas Sensing Properties of Nanostructured ZnO and Fe 2O3 185
182. Zaw Min Paing
Synthesis and Characterization of Gas Diffusion Layer based on Activated
Carbon for Magnesium-Air Fuel Cells 186
183. Min Min Thu
Physico-Chemical Treatment of Wastewater from Rice Husk Gasification 187
184. Mi Mi Win
Effect of Temperature and Various Cover Materials on the Productivity of Two-
stage Solar Still 188
185. Yusuke Suzuki
Glycolipid Purification Using Ionic Liquid 189
186. Hnin Zabe Phyu Win
Optimization of Arsenic Removal by Using Burnt Rice Straw 190
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Natural Disaster Prevention

187. Michio Sanjou
Development of Boat-type Robot for Velocity Measurement in Natural River 192
188. Osamu Murao
Tentative Building Vulnerability Assessment of Yangon 193
189. K Zin Phyo
Analysing and Surveying the Damaged Bagan Pagodas 194
190. Khin Myo Tun
Earthquake Disaster Mitigation Based on Single Microtremor Measurement for
Ende at East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia 195
191. Lai Lai Oo
Overview of T-BAGS Base Isolation Method for Building Foundation 196
192. Aung Htet
Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Supporting Facilities in a Hospital 197
193. Zin Zin Nwe
Situational Analysis on Damaged Monuments after 2016 Chauk Earthquake 198
194. Wint Tin Htut Latt
Analyzing Climatic and Disaster Impacts on Bagan Heritage Monuments, 199
Myanmar
195. Genki Kawamura
The Relationship between Flood and Poverty: The Case Study in Myanmar 200
196. Win Cherry
Investigation on Seismic Fragility Assessment for Vulnerable Buildings in
Mandalay Region 201
197. Nay Yee Kyaw
Investigation on Structural Deficiencies of Existing Reinforced Concrete Building 202
198. Thet Mon Soe
Investigation on Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) Simulation of Wind Flow
around Buildings 203
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199. Aung Mon

Performance-Based Seismic Design and Structural Reliability Assessment of RC
Building 204
200. Chit Nyein Aye
Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Lifeline System to Support a Hospital
Demands 205
201. Yin Nwe Oo
Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of a Hospital 206
Infrastructure

202. Ko Ko Lwin
Development of Geospatial Platform (G-Space) for Disaster Resilience System
in Myanmar 208
203. Thi Ha
Rain-Induced Sediment-Related Disasters (Japan and Myanmar)and Introduction
of Some Research Approaches 209
204. Yasuo Suzuki
Comparison of Load Testing and FE Analysis Results of Maubin Bridge 210
205. Tamon UEDA
Asian Concrete Model Code for Sustainable Infrastructures 211
206. Myat Thiri Khine
Location and Transportation Services for Yangon Region 212
207. Zu Zay Hnin
Study on Compressive Strength Behavior of Lime Stabilized Soils 213
208. Naung Naung
Recent Pipe Jacking Technology in Japan and Its Application Examples into
ASEAN Countries 214
209. Su Pe Thu
Estimation of Daily Supply Based Current Bus Service Area for Mandalay City 215
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210. Thae Mon Zaw

Coupling-Building Method for Pounding of Adjacent High-rise Buildings 216
211. Hay Man Myint Maung
Development of Stress Reduction Method on the Integral Bridge Under Dynamic
Loading 217
212. Win Bo
Report of Monitoring Results of Main Tower Inclination of Twantay Bridge in
Myanmar 218
213. Hnin Yee Oo
Study on Influence of Joint Rigidity for Precast Frame Buildings 219
214. Hnin Ei Khaing
Effect of Floating Columns on Seismic Response of Multi-storeyed R.C Framed
Buildings 220
215. Wint Thiri Maw
Experimental Study on Strength Behaviours of Clayey Soils by Using Lime and
Bagasse Ash 221
216. Ohnmar Zaw
Identification of Deterioration Symptoms and Possible Causes for Reinforced
Concrete Structure in Mandalay 222
217. Nuntikorn Kitratporn
3D Structure-From-Motion Data Acquisition and Processing for Twantay Bridge
Inclination Assessment 223
218. Kengo Maeda
Fracture Mechanics Analysis of a Surface Crack in a Tubular Structure by X-
FEM 224
219. Aye Mya Cho
Fundamental Study on Integrity Evaluation of Bolts at Yadanapon Bridge 225
220. Khin Thaw Dar
Study on Seismic Retrofitting of Steel Frame Building 226
221. Phyo Su Mon
Assessment of Development Area for Pabedan Township in Yangon 227
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222. Myat Kaung

Regenerating Historic Mausoleums and U Ottama Park (The New Yangon
Character) 228
223. Honey Thet Paing
Study on Public Rental Housing in Yangon 229
224. Win Pa Pa Myo
An Analysis on Local Heat Transfer Performance at the Lower Limit of Saturated
Film Boiling on Finite-Length Vertical Cylinders 230
225. Kyaw Zaya Htun
Land Use Change Detection for Urban Planning in Mandalay City 231
226. Win Pa Pa Aye
Identification of Natural Frequency Ratio between Healthy and Crack Beams 232
227. San Win Tun
Design of PID Controller for UAV Flight Control System 233
228. Thida Than
Development of Real-Time Traffic Management System 234
229. Ei Ei Tun
Study on the Existing Provision of Green and Open Spaces in Four Dagon
Myotthit Townships 235
230. Zin Taryar Win
Creating the Substainable Community Route by Redesigning the Urban Block and
Roads in Yangon New Suburbs 236
231. Tara San
A Study on Amenities Provisions of Housing Estates in Yangon 237
232. Saw Bush Doe
Study on Spatial Planning Aspects of Yangon Technological University
(YTU) Campus 238
233. May Myo Myat
An Approach to Inventory of Selected Monuments in Ancient Amarapura City and
Its Environs 239
234. Thu Thu Kyaw
Study on Stations of Yangon Circular Railways for Transit-Oriented Development 240
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235. Phyo Wai Myint

Prediction on Initiation of Fracture Surface for Punching Process 241
236. Kyaw Htet Aung
Design and Ray Tracing Analyses of Solar Powered Reflector Dish with Fixed
Focus 242
237. Ni Ni Aung
Theoretical and Numerical Investigation of Salt Gradient Solar Pond 243
238. May Mya Darli Cho
Investigation of Chassis Frame for Solar Vehicle 244
239. Thin Zar Thein Hlaing
Design and Stress Analysis of Rack and Pinion Steering System for Solar Car 245
240. Aung Ko Lin
Identification of Dynamic Characteristics for Vehicle Seat of Ploughing Machine 246
241. Cho Lai Yee Hlaing
Assessment of Urban Design in Kyauktada Township 247
242. Zwe Naing Htin
Aesthetic Evaluation of Royal Palace in Yadanarpon Period (Eastern Royal Zone) 248
243. San San Myint
Study on the Architecture of Shwe Ye Taik Monostery in Mawlamyine City 249
244. San San Moe
Study on Architectural Aspect of Traditional Bamar (Myanmar) Timber Houses 250
245. Aung Kyaw Moe
Analysis on Façade of Kyauktada Township, Yangon 251
246. Hlaing Bwar
Proposed Sports Village in Selected Area (Yangon) 252
247. Ohn Mar Aung
Study on the Master Plan of Sri Ksetra Ancient City 253
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Engineering Educations

248. Nobuo Funabiki
Applications of Coding Rule Learning Function to Workbook Codes for Java
Programming Learning Assistant System 255
249. Kyaw Myat
Potato Sprout Inhibition and Quality Evaluation after Post Harvest Treatment
with Gamma Irradiation 256
250. Su Su Kyaw
Study on the Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Microbiological Properties of Pork
Loins 257
251. Kyaw Wunna Swe
The Monte Carlo Simulation with Experimental Validation for Padiation
Protection in Medical Physics 258
252. Zin Bo Oo
Comparison of Gamma-Ray Attenuation in Lead, Iron and Aluminium by MCNP
Simulation and Experimental Measurement 259
253. Khin Hla Hla Win
Analysis of Additive Noise Measurement Accuracy in Sinusoidal Phase
Modulating Interferometry 260
254. Soe Soe
Two-Dimensional Cyclonic Motion 261
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ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS

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Masaki Nakano, Akihiro Yamashita, Takeshi Yanai, Hirotoshi Fukunaga

Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, Japan
mnakano@nagasaki-u.ac.jp
ABSTRACT
Isotropic Nd-Fe-B thick-film magnets have been prepared using a pulsed laser deposition
(PLD) method with the control of laser energy density followed by a post annealing. The
characteristics of the method are a high deposition rate up to several ten microns per hour
together with a reliability of magnetic properties due to the good transfer of composition
from a Nd-Fe-B target to a film. Several micro-machines comprising the isotropic Nd-Fe-
B films such as a miniaturized dc motor and a swimming machine in liquid were
demonstrated. Furthermore, the deposition of isotropic Nd (or Pr)-Fe-B thick-film
magnets on a Si or glass substrate was carried out to apply the films to various MEMS.
Keywords: Pulsed laser deposition (PLD), Thick-film magnet, Nd-Fe-B, Post annealing,
MEMS
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Research into Radio Spectrum for Internet of Things and 5G Networks
Eryk Dutkiewicz
School of Computing and Communications
University of Technology Sydney, Australia
Eryk.Dutkiewicz@uts.edu.au
ABSTRACT
The high demand for wireless Internet including emerging Internet of Things (IoT)
applications is putting extreme pressure on better utilisation of the available radio
spectrum. The expected spectrum “crunch” requires highly efficient radio resource
management schemes with low complexity and high responsiveness to the changing
network conditions. Spectrum sharing is regarded as an essential approach to regaining
access to otherwise unused spectrum and it is considered an essential component in the
development of IoT and 5G networks. Spectrum sharing can be conducted at different
time scales. As the time scale of the operation of spectrum sharing decreases, the
possibility for utilising more available spectrum holes increases. However, the shorter
time scale brings with it challenges. Efficient decisions regarding the use of spectrum
sharing require accurate knowledge of the spatial and temporal spectrum use in a
geographical area of interest. This knowledge can be represented in Radio Environmental
Maps which need to be generated efficiently and accurately. In this presentation we give
an overview of the spectrum sharing concept and its emergence in standards activities for
IoT and 5G networks. We also present our research on spectrum sharing including
methods for efficient and accurate generation of Radio Environmental Maps and radio
spectrum measurements campaigns on UTS campus in Sydney to enable Smart Building
and Smart City IoT applications.
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Measurement and Control of Human Brain Dynamics
Keiji Iramina
Department of System Life Sciences, Kyushu University, Japan
iramina@inf.kyushu-u.ac.jp
ABSTRACT
This study focuses on measuring and controlling of human brain dynamics using
noninvasive techniques. I will give two topics in this study. One is a transcranial
magnetic stimulation (TMS) which is possible to control of neuronal excitability. We
applied TMS to cognitive studies for visual perceptions. The other one is a non-restraint
cognitive monitoring system and its’ application to a child with mental deficiency. The
objective our system is toward gaining information about the actual user state, including
intentions, situational interpretations and emotions.
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Economic Load Dispatch Using Particle Swarm

Optimization Method for Yangon Region
Khine Khine Mon, Than Zaw Htwe, Soe Soe Ei Aung

Electrical Power Engineering Department, Yangon Technological University
kkmon2011@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The power system in Yangon Division has grown in complexity of interconnection and
power demand. In reality, power generation stations neither are at equal distances from
load nor have similar fuel cost functions. Hence for providing cheaper power, load has to
be distributed among the various power stations in a way which results in minimum cost
of generation. Therefore, Economic Load Dispatch (ELD) plays an important role in the
operation of power system. In practical, ELD for power generating system has highly
nonlinear objective function with equality and inequality constraints. Conventional
methods such as lambda iteration method and gradient method have been applied to solve
the Economic Load Dispatch (ELD) problem. However this techniques don’t give
optimal solution because they require incremental fuel cost curves which are piecewise
linear and monotonically increasing to find the global optimal solution. Artificial
Intelligent (AI) techniques like Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) method do give
optimal solution. PSO is applied to allocate the active power among the generating
stations satisfying the system constraints and minimizing the cost of power generated.
The ELD problem is solved for Yangon Distribution network with fourteen generating
units using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) method. The results obtained using PSO
method is comparable with existing system. The generation cost for a power demand of
893.6MW using PSO is 45499.4$/hr while that of current condition is 49772.45 $/hr and
when the power demand is 952.5MW total generation cost using PSO is 45931.2$/hr and
that of current condition is 59256.32$/hr.
Keywords: Economic load dispatch, Equality and inequality constraints, Minimum

generation cost, Yangon distribution network, Particle swarm optimization
method
t h
7 ICSE 2016 |6
Fuzzy Inference System Approach to

Restoration Path Optimization in Power Transmission Lines
Ye Htut Khaing, Okkar Soe, Soe Win

uyehtutkhaing.moep.phd@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Power systems have increased in size and complexity and national society depends
heavily upon a high level of power system reliability. When the bulk transmission system
is subjected to large disturbances there is the possibility of a system wide blackout due to
cascading outages. After a partial blackout or system breakdown condition, restoring
power system is needed and then power needs to be restored as quickly, stability and
reliability as possible and consequently. Outage time after extensive blackouts depends
very much on the power system restoration process. Power system restoration is a very
challenging task to the operator since the situation is so far from normal conditions. This
paper proposes a simulation-based tool MATLAB/SIMULINK that determines suitable
restoration transmission lines route with using Fuzzy Inference System for IEEE 6 Bus
System.
Keywords: Blackout, Outage time, Restoration process, Transmission line routes, Fuzzy
inference system
t h
7 ICSE 2016 |7
Comparison of Process Reaction Curve Method and

Modified Derivative Gain Method for PID Controller
Aung Pyae Khaing, Kyaw Thiha Aung

Electrical Power Engineering Department, Defence Services Technological Academy
dearjohn2728@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Proportional, Integral and Derivative (PID) controllers are the most widely-used
controller in the industries applications because of their simplicity, robustness and
successful practical application. For PID controllers, there are many proposed tuning
methods. The purpose of this paper is to compare the original tuning values and modified
tuning values for PMDC geared motor with different gear trains for single input signal
output (SISO) system by using MATLAB Simulink computer simulation.
Keyword: PMDC geared motor, PID, Z-N tuning methods, SISO, Performance analysis
t h
7 ICSE 2016 |8
Artificial Intelligence Based Autonomous Cruise Control for

Advanced Driver Assistant System
Myo Nay Zar, Pyae Tint Aung, Bawin Aye

Department of Computer Science, D.S.A, Pyin Oo Lwin
myonayzar47@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
In this paper, we are going to present artificial intelligence based autonomous cruise
control for advanced driver assistant system. A brief description of process is: firstly,
input the video to advanced driver assistant system. And then, the system will detect the
vehicle by using Prewitt operator and binary morphological method. The system gets the
angle and distance of preceding vehicle from coordination. After getting the angle and
distance of attended objects, the system makes the decisions for braking coefficients of
left, mid, and right coefficients by fuzzy inference system. By using three types of
braking coefficients, the system will give the final output decisions for Advanced Driver
Assistant System (ADAS).
Keyword: Vision-based autonomous cruise control, Image segmentation, Morphological

image processing, Computer vision, Fuzzy logic theory
t h
7 ICSE 2016 |9
Index Recognition of Satellite Image Using Fuzzy Logic
Naing Pyae Phyo, Myat Thu, Kyaw Thurain win

Department of Computer Science D.S.A, Pyin Oo Lwin
naingpyaephyo1982@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Information regarding the natural resources of a country is extremely useful for planning
purposes. Resources include agricultural resources (e.g., food stock like rice, wheat,
vegetables, etc.), hydrological resources (e.g., water bodies like rivers, canals, ponds,
etc.), mineral resources (e.g., metal mines, coal, etc.), forest resources, geological and
strategic resources, etc. The aim of this research is to present a detailed step-by-step
method for classification of Urban Satellite Images (USI) into specific classes such as
water, road, building, vegetation, etc., using normalized color difference method and
fuzzy logic. In this research included three main parts: preprocessing, water index
extraction using normalized color difference method and other indexes extraction using
fuzzy logic. In preprocessing stage, enhanced color layers of input image using histogram
equalization. From the useful index information of classified images are well available
for the proper utilization of natural resources, road network upgrading and planning city
area management, planning forest area management and military reconnaissance program
for our country with cost effectively.
Keywords: Urban satellite image, Normalized color difference method, Fuzzy logic,
Histogram equalization
t h
7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 10
3D Reconstruction of the Real Objects Using

Shape-from-Silhouette Approach
Moe Moe Myint

Department of Information Technology, Technological University (Kyaukse)
Kyaukse Township, Mandalay Division, Myanmar
moemoemyint@moemyanmar.ml
ABSTRACT
3D reconstruction of real objects has been a major research topic in computer vision. This
paper describes a shape-from-silhouette approach for rapidly 3D reconstruction from five
views of an object using two plannar mirrors. The primary steps involved are taking
image sequences as input, pre-processing, segmentation and 3D reconstruction. Two
experimental objects, with different topologies, are considered: a toy horse and a jug.
MATLAB programming language is used for building 3D models with good quality and
appearance.
Keywords: 3D reconstruction, Computer vision, Shape-from-silhouette, Plannar mirror,

Segmentation
t h
7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 11
Optimal Placement of Unified Power Flow Controller Based on

Load Curtailment Sensitivity Indices
Kyaw Myo Lin

Department of Electrical Power Engineering, Mandalay Technological University
kmlep2381@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
This paper proposes a set of load curtailment sensitivity indices for optimal placement of
Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) in power system network. An Optimal Power
Flow (OPF) formulation considering the minimization of load curtailment requirement as
an objective has been developed in this paper to study the impact of optimal placement of
UPFC. The effectiveness of the proposed method has been tested on IEEE-14 bus test
system. The obtained results have been presented in terms of change in system load
curtailment with respect to change in UPFC controller parameters for the best location.
The optimal location of UPFC in a line has been decided based on the calculated
sensitivity indices.
Keywords: Optimal power flow, Optimal location, Load curtailment requirement,

Sensitivity based indices, UPFC’s series controller
t h
7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 12
Design and Implementation of E-Restaurant System
Than Htay Aung, Lin Mg Mg, Hein Thura Aung

Faculty of Electronic Engineering, University of Technology (Yatanarpon Cyber City)
thanhtayaung.ec@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
This system mainly intends to design a smart restaurant system by using electronic
applications. There are four sub-systems in this system; entrance display system,
customer side, operator side and delivery system. The entrance display system shows the
tables’ positions of the restaurant and the available tables where the customers can
choose the desire one corresponding to the numbers. In the customer side, the touch
screen (HY32D) provides fast access to customers for menu and ordering the foods
directly just by touching. The MFRC522 RFID transponder and tags are used for billing
and identifying the customer. In the operator side, MFRC522 RFID performs customer
registration and recharging processes and receiving the orders from customers. Control
area network (CAN) bus communication (using MCP2515 CAN Bus Module and
TJA1050 Receiver SPI Module) is used for data transmission between the tables
(customer side) and counter (operator side). The last portion of the system is TCS230
color sensor based line follower car to deliver the ordered items to the customers instead
of human waiters. The system is implemented using Arduino IDE. This system is to
improve operator’s accuracy and efficiency by reducing delays and human errors in
ordering and making payment. The system uses CAN bus based wire line communication
instead of wireless one with advanced electronic applications.
Keywords: Arduino, Color sensor, Control area network, Entrance display, RFID, Touch
screen
t h
7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 13
Image-based Vehicle Classifying and RFID Cashing System
Khin Nyein Chann, Htin Kyaw Oo

nyeinchannycc@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The system proposes a modern toll gate control system using Visual Studio software and
Open Source Computer Vision (Open CV) library for image processing instead of human
vision and RFID and RF wireless communication technology for automatic payment
system. There are two main parts: one for automatic vehicle classification system and the
other for cashing system. Image processing is used to classify a vehicle detected
according to the types of the vehicle. Personal computer will be used to capture image
from webcam. The system will decide how much fees must be paid to pass the toll gate
by calculating the area of the captured image from webcam. In this system, RFID
technology is implemented for cashing system by storing a unique serial number
associated with a user's personal account. Arduino software is used for programing to
read the RFID cards wirelessly and open the toll gate lock. Arduino and computer are
connected via USB serial communication.
Keywords: Visual studio, Open CV, Arduino, RFID, Image processing

t h
7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 14
Modified Leaky Least Mean Square Algorithm for

Noise Cancellation in Speech Signals
War War May The, Thiri Thandar Aung

Department of Electronic Engineering, Technological University (Myeik)
warwarmaythe@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The problem of controlling the noise level has become the focus of a tremendous amount
of research over the years. In the process of transmission of speech signals from the
source to receiver sides, the received signal is rapidly corrupted by noise where both the
received signal and noise change continuously. So, the adaptive filtering is an essential
requirement process. The key factor of this paper is the adaptive algorithm. Noise
elimination on speech signals using Leaky LMS and modified Leaky LMS algorithms are
implemented and analysed with different types of noise. The performance of the
algorithms is evaluated in terms of mean square error (MSE), run time, log Spectral
distance, and signal to noise ratio.
Keywords: Adaptive filter, Leaky LMS, Modified leaky LMS, Noise cancellation,
Speech signals
t h
7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 15
WCF-based Real-Time Data Collection and Monitoring for

Steel Making Process
Kyaw Zin Latt, Zaw Min Naing, Zaw Myo Lwin

Department of Electronic Engineering, Mandalay Technological University
kyawzinlattsbo@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
In this paper, real-time data collection and monitoring for steel making process is
designed and implemented based on WCF (Windows Communication Foundation). Steel
making process in this research consists of four major operations: raw material storage,
coal operation, blast furnace and converter plant. Some control points are considered for
each operation. According to these control points, what kind of process data must be
monitored and controlled in real-time are considered. This research focuses on real-time
data manipulation for intranet clients using TCP protocol. Service design, database
design and realization of the process are implemented and tested. Performance of WCF
services is shown in terms of speed response.
Keywords: WCF, TCP, Steel making process, Intranet, Database

t h
7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 16
Anisotropy and Mode-Converting Optical Fibre Gratings
Iain Skinner
Electrical Engineering & Telecommunications, UNSW, Australia
i.skinner@unsw.edu.au
ABSTRACT
Optical fibres containing Bragg gratings have proven to be a very useful technology. One
such grating converts power between the fundamental and higher-order modes of the
fibre. When such a grating is made, the details of the mechanism causing the refractive
index changes are not well understood. Modelling the differences of different grating
designs, achieved through different fabrication methods, indicated that a weak anisotropy
is induced and this effect dominates other variations to the refractive index.
Keywords: Optical fibre gratings, Optical waveguide modes

t h
7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 17
Voice Recognition System for Isolated Word of

Myanmar Language Using MFCC and DTW
Chan Mya Hmway, Thiri Thandar Aung

Department of Electronic Engineering, Yangon Technological University
chanmyahmway86@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
In this paper, voice recognition system based on Myanmar Language is proposed to help
the physically impaired person who needs to use the wheelchair for their movement in
different directions by using Myanmar voice commands. Although Myanmar language is
commonly used in Myanmar, there has been a little work area on Myanmar language
voice recognition comparing with other languages such as English, Chinese, Arabic and
Japanese, etc… Voice recognition is widely used in many application areas such as
security systems, telephony military, healthcare, toys, and equipment designed for
handicapped. Voice is continuous time varying signal. So, the noise is easy to interrupt in
these signals. Therefore, digital processing system is used for the recognition system.
Firstly, it has to extract the feature from the input voice signals to obtain the required
training voice samples. Secondly, the feature extraction signals are stored in the database.
Finally, the recognized data is obtained by comparing the training speech signal and the
testing speech signal. The implementation of speech recognition is simulated in
MATLAB software. In MATLAB, Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficient (MFCC) is used
for feature extraction of the speech signal and Dynamic Time Wrapping (DTW) is used
for the pattern matching that compared the training voice signal and the testing voice
signal. The results are received by comparing the training voice signal in the database and
the testing voice signal. The signal at the output of the voice recognition is controlled to
the motor of the movement control circuit in the wheelchair.
Keywords: Myanmar voice recognition, Feature extraction, MFCC, Pattern matching,

DTW
t h
7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 18
Distribution Systems Operation Optimization through

Reconfiguration and Capacitor Allocation for
Loss Reduction and Voltage Profile Improvement
Shane, Kyaw Thu Ya Tun

Electrical Power Department, Yangon Technology University
missshane@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
This paper presents an effective approach to simultaneous solution of capacitor

placement and feeder reconfiguration for power energy loss minimization and voltage
profile enhancement in radial distribution systems. Considering a peak load, an
optimization method using a fuzzy algorithm is proposed to determine the optimal
location and size of capacitors, as well as the open/closed states of the sectionalizing and
tie switches with exhaustive algorithm. It presents low computational effort and is able to
find good quality configurations. Voltage profile and loss reduction are improved by this
simulation. Simulation results for a radial 38-bus, 9 transformers, 46 lines and 9 tie
switches and 37 sectionalizing switches in Mandalay Distribution Electricity Supply
Board are presented the following paper. Minimum Voltage drop method and fuzzy
algorithms are chosen to solve the network reconfiguration problem and capacitor
placement problem.
Keywords: Distribution system, Network reconfiguration, Optimal capacitor placement,

Power loss reduction
t h
7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 19
Region of Interest Extraction Based on Labeling Finger Vein Images
Khin Sabai Htwe, Nyein Aye

University of Computer Studies, Yangon, Myanmar
khinsabaihtwe@ucsy.edu.mm
ABSTRACT
Finger Vein Recognition is one of the most popular biometrics for personal identification
in security area. Also, Region of Interest (ROI) extraction is a critical step in a finger vein
recognition system. The goal of the ROI extraction is to extract which part of the image is
really useful for vein feature extraction. In this paper, finger vein ROI extraction method
is proposed using features from vein images to recognize imposter or genuine. Firstly, we
crop the unwanted part based on width and height of the image. Secondly, the cropped
image is normalized by histogram equalization method and noises are reduced by
filtering with Wiener operator and convert to binary image. In this paper, we proposed a
technique to accurately extract ROI region by linking disconnected edges using
morphological processing with structuring element. Finally, the experimental results
show that the proposed method can extract ROI accurately by comparing with and
without edge linking.
Keywords: Finger Vein Images, Labelling, ROI Extraction, Edge Operator, Cropping,
Edge Linking
t h
7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 20
Comparison on Matching Methods Used in Pose Tracking for

3D Shape Representation
Khin Kyu Kyu Win

Department of Electronics Engineering, Yangon Technological University
khinkyukyuwin.ygn@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
In this work, three different algorithms such as Brute Force, Delaunay Triangulation and
k-d Tree, are analyzed on matching comparison for 3D shape representation. It is
intended for developing the pose tracking of moving objects in video surveillance. To
determine 3D pose of moving objects, some tracking system may require full 3D pose
estimation of arbitrarily shaped objects in real time. In order to perform 3D pose
estimation in real time, each step in the tracking algorithm must be computationally
efficient. This paper presents method comparison for the computationally efficient
registration of 3D shapes including free-form surfaces. Matching of free-form surfaces
are carried out by using geometric point matching algorithm (ICP). Several aspects of the
ICP algorithm are investigated and analyzed by using specified surface setup. The surface
setup processed in this system is represented by simple geometric primitive dealing with
objects of free-from shape. Considered representations are a cloud of points.
Keywords: ICP algorithm, Matching technique, Pose tracking, 3D shape representation,

Point cloud model
t h
7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 21
Development of Curve Speed Estimation System for Highway Safety
Soe Yu Yu Nwe, Khin Kyu Kyu Win, Khin Sandar Tun

soeyuyunwe.com@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
At horizontal sharp curves, drivers sometimes exceed the speed limit. Depending on the
difference between speed limit and driving speed, drivers can face risk situations. These
situations can be mitigated using traffic signs informing drivers of advisory speeds. This
paper presents the analysis on estimation of radius and speed of horizontal curves.
Advisory speed of a curve is a recommended speed for all vehicles operating on a section
of highway and based on highway design, operating characteristics, and conditions. It is
intended to advise drivers within the limited speed of vehicles operating on highway. In
the curve advisory speed estimation system, speed is estimated to limit the speed
according to the road section, and actual speed is measured with GPS receiver and
Arduino attached to vehicle operating on highway. By comparing the actual speed and
the estimated speed, this system must impose the speed of the vehicle in order to advise a
safe speed in the case that the driver does not achieve it.
Keywords: Curve advisory speed, Speed estimation, GPS receiver, Arduino

microcontroller, Highway safety
t h
7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 22
Tumor Extraction from MRI Images using MATLAB
Waing Wai Wai Phyo

Department of Electronic and Communication Engineering
University of Technology (Yatanarpon Cyber City)
waiwaicuttie118@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
This work purposes to explore the tumor place in the various kinds of MRI brain images
such as jpg, png and tif etc using image processing techniques with MATLAB simulation
software. There are two main parts in this system, pre-processing and processing. Pre-
processing is just to change the image type into gray scale, to enhance it with median
filtering and to eliminate the skull. In processing, the tumor portion is explored by global
threshold segmentation method; that result is checked again with watershed segmentation
method; the tumor portion is highlighted with yellow color and the percent of tumor in
the brain is calculated. The results from these four steps are displayed as output on
MATLAB GUI (graphical user interface).The performance of this system is
demonstrated only with simulation.
Keywords: Image processing, Preprocessing, Processing, MATLAB, GUI, Global

threshold segmentation, Watershed segmentation, Median filtering
t h
7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 23
Working Set Prediction in Live VM Migration Using

Machine Learning (WSPML)
Ei Phyu Zaw
University of Computer Studies, Yangon
zaw.eiphyu@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Live VM migration has been a powerful tool to facilitate system maintenance, load
balancing, fault tolerance, and power-saving in data centers. Pre-copy technique is the
best suited approach for live migration. Although pre-copy based live migration provides
minimal service downtime, total migration time is prolonged which affect on the
degradation of VM’s performance. VM needs the improvement in performance of
migration process by reducing the total migration time. In this paper, working set
prediction using machine learning (WSPML) is proposed to reduce the total migration
time. It uses the prediction model with historical data during the live VM migration
process. At first, it trains experimental dataset which includes the performance
parameters collected from various workloads by machine learning techniques to build the
best prediction model and then predict the working set which can affect the total
migration time. We evaluated the effectiveness of the working set prediction algorithm
with various workloads with simulation model and the experimental result shows that
WSPML can more reduce the total migration time in live VM migration than XEN’s
default pre-copy based live migration.
Keyword: Virtual machine, Live VM migration, Pre-copy, Machine learning, Total

migration time
t h
7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 24
Effective Image Watermarking Based on Spread Spectrum

Technique Using Wavelet Transform
Su Mon Tint Soe, Khin Myo Thant, Nan Aye Aye Htwe
Computer Engineering and Information Technology Department
sumon.mm.tintsoe@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Digital watermarking has been proposed to achieve the digital data security,
confidentiality and integrity. Fundamentally, there are two approaches, spatial domain
based and frequency domain based schemes to develop digital watermarking for
multimedia data. Beside them, by combining Spread Spectrum theory from wireless
communication and one of the two basic approaches, new digital watermarking
techniques were developed as exploits. In this paper, we introduce a new image Spread
Spectrum (SS) watermarking technique combined with Discrete Wavelet Transform. In
proposed method, the watermark information can be considered as a binary image which
is modulated with the pseudo noise sequence generated by the chip code for the purpose
of resistance and attacks. In order to increase the robustness of the method, wavelet
transform is applied to the host image in two levels and, HL2 and LH2 sub-bands are
selected for our embedding media. This proposed technique is intended to be used as one
of the embedding method in Video Watermarking System. Based on the observation, the
proposed wavelet based SS embedding scheme shows the improvement in robustness
performance through experimental results.
Keywords: Spread spectrum, DWT, Embedding process, Robustness, Watermark

processing, Attacks.
t h
7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 25
Stability of Speed Control System for

Rotary Automatic Car Parking System
Thein Aung Tin, Khin Sandar Tun, Yu Yu Lwin

theinaungtin@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Myanmar is facing the problem to solve the Car Parking Space – the best solution of
these problems is Rotary Automatic Car Parking System, with the increase in vehicle
production and world population, more and more parking spaces and facilities are
required. The existing Rotary Automatic Car parking System have two drawbacks: there
are fixed speed and inaccurate control system. The aim of this thesis is to reduce land
spacing, loading time, and accurate control system of an automated parking system which
will automatically park and retrieve the vehicle without the driver. In the mechanical
signal control system, motor speed control system is controlled with PID controller,
Fuzzy and etc. In the electrical signal control system, it’s controlled with current control
method, voltage control method, field control method, flux control method; PWM
techniques control method and etc. In this paper, PWM Voltage Control method is used
to control the motor speed to implement in Rotary Automated Car Parking System which
is novel method for controlling the motor speed. This system can be included Variable
oscillator circuit and Operational amplifier circuit is used for generating PWM pulse
width, Variable Speed Drives and relative design calculation.
Keywords: Car parking space, Mechanical signal control, Electrical signal control, PWM
voltage control method, Design calculation, Variable speed drivers (VSDs)
t h
7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 26
Synthesis and Analysis of the Autotransformer Rectifier Unit Based on

Symmetric and Asymmetric Design (ATRU-18)
Hlaing Min Oo, Phyo Myint Thein, Kyi Thar Soe

Department of Electro-technical Complex of Autonomous Objects
National Research University (MPEI), Russia
ABSTRACT
In this paper, the symmetric autotransformer rectifier unit with the number of pulses in a
period of the rectified voltage, m=18 (ATRU-18) with interphase transformer (IPT), is
compared and analyzed with asymmetric (ATRU-18) with interphase trans-former (IPT).
The power to size ratio of the autotransformer unit is observed to compare these two
techniques. Two three-phase IPT must be added to the structure ATRU-18YAS to
improve energy efficiency, but the changes of the output voltages of autotrans-former by
using the interface transformer should be considered in the design.
Keywords: Autotransformer rectifier unit (ATRU), Transformer rectifier unit (TRU),

Power-to-size ratio, Interphase transformer (IPT), Computer simulation
technique (CST), Multiphase voltage system
t h
7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 27
Robust Method for Mosaic of Environmental Area by Using

Sequence Images Obtained from UAV
Thet Su Win, Sao Hone Pha, Yu Yu Lwin

thetsuwin2001@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
UAV photography system is implementation of efficient data acquisition techniques, high

resolution texture, low cost and using in commercial application. In research paper, we
got several image photos from UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) and produced image
mosaic. This paper proposes image mosaic method based of SIFT (scale invariance
feature transform) feature to detect key points, scaling, rotation and matching between
two images in the image mosaic. RANSAC (random sample consensus) method is used
to find homography, transformation and adjust colour for rgb (red, green and blue) or
grey scale for grey image with SIFT (scale invariance feature transform) matching
location and then produced mosaic image from combination of SIFT (scale invariance
feature transform) and RANSAC (random sample consensus). The results from
experiment based on four pairs of images with 70% overlapped captures by using the
camera of UAV show that our method has strong robustness for image mosaic.
Keywords: UAV, Photography, Image matching, SIFT, RANSAC

t h
7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 28
Vision-Based Automobile Robotic Arm Using Wi-Fi and Webcam
Hsu Myat San, Khin Phooe Thit Sar, Hein Thura Aung
hsumyatsan1994@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this system is to search and pick up the objects, and carry it to the user.
This system includes two main parts: auto mode and manual mode. In auto mode, object
searching is based on color-detecting and contour-comparing with image processing
using OpenCV (Open Source Computer Vision) library and Raspberry Pi. Automobile is
designed to search for the desired object. It stops when the desired object is found.
Wireless system is provided to control the movement of this robot and ultrasonic sensor
is used to avoid the obstacles. In manual mode, the motion of car such as left, right,
forward and backward and speed can be controlled by using keyboard. Robotic arm tends
to pick up the objects and Arduino UNO is used as a servo channel to control the robotic
arm. On the single board computer named Raspberry Pi, a tight VNC server and Putty
software are used to access connection between Laptop and Raspberry Pi via Wi-Fi.
Keywords: Image processing, Open CV, Arduino UNO, Raspberry Pi 2 Model B, Wi-Fi
adapter, PuTTy, Tight VNC viewer
t h
7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 29
A Parallel Resampling Method of an FPGA-Based

Particle Filter for Real-Time Object Tracking
Theint Theint Thu, Akane Tahara, Yoshiki Hayashida, Yuichiro Shibata, Kiyoshi Oguri
theinttt@pca.cis.nagasaki-u.ac.jp
ABSTRACT
This paper deals with the real-time FPGA implementation of the posterior system state
estimation in dynamic models using a particle filter. The system is constructed by parallel
resampling (FO-resampling) algorithm on a stream-based architecture. In particular, it
consists of three steps: prediction, likelihood calculation and resampling. Since the
resampling is accomplished in a synchronized area of an input image frame, our approach
enhances the object tracking system especially efficiency and performance. The result
shows the amount of FPGA resource for the implementation of red-color soccer ball
tracking compared with the available usage. Moreover, we evaluate the performance and
accuracy of object tracking by changing the number of real and virtual particles using
FOresampling. FO-resampling approach is thus proved to be fully parallelizable on
FPGA and achieves better performance than multinomial resampling in real-time object
tracking applications.
Keywords: Particle filter, FPGA, Stream-based architecture, Prediction, Likelihood

calculation, Parallel resampling
t h
7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 30
Stability Analysis of Active Pantograph with

Sliding Mode Controller and Sliding Mode Observer
Myat Thiri Ko, M. Yokoyama, S. Nagayoshi

Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Japan
myat.thiri87@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
We have already proposed a sliding mode control strategy to regulate the contract force
of an active pantograph system in the presence of variation with respect to the equivalent
stiffness of catenary system. In this paper, we investigate the stability of the system using
Lyapunov method. A sufficient condition for asymptotical stability is presented. It is
shown through numerical simulation that this condition is conservative and that actual
system is not asymptotical stabile but ultimately bounded.
Keywords: Active pantograph, High speed train, Stability analysis, Sliding mode
controller, Sliding mode observer
t h
7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 31
An Application of Data-Driven Pole Placement: Simultaneously

Deriving Linearized State-Space Model and Pole Placement Gain
Pyone Ei Ei Shwe, Shigeru Yamamoto

Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Japan
pyone@moccos.ec.t.kanazawa-u.ac.jp
ABSTRACT
In this research, we apply the data-driven pole placement method proposed by Yamamoto
et al. (2015) to identify a mathematical model of a self-balancing robot. The data-driven
pole placement method can derive a linearized state space model and a pole placement
gain of a nonlinear system simultaneously from a set of state and input measurements of
a controllable discrete-time system. In this paper, we explore an influence of
measurement noises on the data-driven pole placement method by numerical simulations.
Keywords: Data-driven control, Pole placement, State feedback

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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 32
Safe Position Tracking Control of Wheeled Mobile Robot in

Accompanying Human
Hnin Aye Wai, Aung Myo Thant Sin

Department of Mechatronic Engineering, Yangon Technological University
hninayewai92@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
In human-following robotic system that shares its workspace with humans and physically
interacts with them, safety is of paramount importance. In order to build a safe system,
safety has to be consider in both hardware and software (control). The main focus of this
paper is the development and implementation of control algorithms for dynamic
stabilization problem on following of a mobile. If the target-person moved drastically, the
path of the follower-robot could become an unstable to tracking the desired position. The
proxy-based sliding mode control (PSMC) was suggested to generate a stable tracking the
desired position for the follower-robot in spite of movement of the target person.
Keywords: Safety, Mobile robot, Ultrasonic sensor, PSMC (Proxy-Based Sliding Mode
Control)
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Improved Nonlinear Disturbance-Observer Based Force Estimation for

Teleoperation: Application to Disaster Aid Robotic Systems
Naing Lin Tun, Aung Myo Thant Sin

mrnainglintun1989@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
In this paper a novel force estimation method is considering for teleoperation of master-
slave robotic system based on friction compensation and noise reduction for disturbance
observation. This framework aims at controlling robots in a disaster-hit area from a
remote station. In such case, to achieve accurate force feedback, estimation of the
external force acting on the robot is required. In such case, it is important to compensate
for the intrinsic disturbances such as inertia and friction. In this paper, a combination of a
nonlinear disturbance observer (NDOB) and a first-order lowpass filter are used to
improve the performance of the external force estimation. The NDOB is designed to
estimate the force and the filtering process is to improve through effective noise
reduction. The performance of the proposed disturbance-observer is verified by the force
estimation and compensation for master-slave teleoperation system.
Keywords: Teleoperation, Master-slave robotic system, Non-linear disturbance observer,

Friction compensation, Force estimation
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Enhancement of Low Velocity UAV Camera Control System with Filter
Yu Yu Aung, Aung Myo Thant Sin

yuyuaungyuyuaung@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
This paper describes the friction compensation technique that can be applied in UAV
camera with Jin et al.’s (2012) parabolic sliding mode filter (J-PSMF). Most of the
existing friction compensation techniques are based on friction model that uses the
velocity as its input. The effectiveness of the proposed filter is validated by using a
sample signal of angular velocity obtained with an optical encoder. Based on Tustin
friction models, low velocity that occurs in motion control of UAV camera is predicted
and studied using techniques from linear system theory. Then, the performance of
velocity control of UAV camera is improved by means of friction compensation in the
control algorithm. In particular, it is suggested that the J-PSMF filter has better balance
between the noise attenuation and signal preservation than Euler method.
Keywords: UAV camera, Friction compensation, Stribeck velocity, Low velocity motion
control, Filter
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Modern Traffic Control System Using Computer Vision
Wai Lin Htun, Htin Kyaw Oo

wailyinhtun@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
System in this paper is designed and implemented with Visual C++ software with Intel's
OpenCV video stream processing system to realize the real-time automatic vehicle
detection and traffic control system. Expressways, highways and roads are getting
overcrowded due to increase in number of vehicles. Vehicle detection, tracking,
classification and counting is very important for military, civilian and government
applications, such as highway monitoring, traffic planning, toll collection and traffic
flow. For the traffic management, vehicles detection is the critical step. Computer Vision
based techniques are more suitable because these systems do not disturb traffic while
installation and they are easy to modify. In this paper we present inexpensive, portable
and Computer Vision based system for moving vehicle detection, counting and
controlling traffic jam. Image from video sequence are taken to detect moving vehicles,
so that background is extracted from the images. The extracted background is used in
subsequent analysis to detect and classify moving vehicles and the resulting amount of
cars from each side of camera views are compared and finally control traffic errors. We
tested this system on a laptop powered by an Intel Core TM i7 (1.73 GHZ) CPU and 4GB
RAM. This system is also capable of detecting, counting, comparing moving vehicles and
determinations process from pre-recorded videos.
Keywords: Computer vision, OpenCV, Segmentation, Vehicle detection, Vehicle

comparing
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Design and Implementation of Quadcopter with Stability Control
Htet Paing Oo, Dr. Htin Kyaw Oo

Faculty of Electronic Engineering, University of Technology (Yadanarpon Cyber City),
htetpaingoo27@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
In this paper, a stabilized simple Quadcopter is designed using Arduino controller as a

flight controller 6(DOF) IMU sensor. Multiwii GUI is used to tune PID gains and for
sensor calibration. The 4 channel RC (radio control) transmitter is used for data
transmission. The IMU (inertial measurement unit) sensor is used to sense the angular
velocity and linear acceleration of the quadcopter in 3-axis plane. This paper presents the
basic and simple way to design the Quadcopter focused on two aspects- low cost and
good stabilty, also aims for university and educational researchers to test and evaluate
new ideas in a number of different fields, and for understanding the flight control theory,
real-time systems and robotics. PID tuning for stable flight is also described.
Keywords: Quadcopter, Arduino, Multiwii GUI, RC transmitter, IMU, Real-time

Systems, Robotics, PID
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Time-varying Load Consideration for

System Reconfiguration by Optimal Scheduling of
Distributed Generations (DGs)
Wunna Thu, Phoo Ngone Si, Than Zaw Htwe

wunnathuz@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The distributed generation (DG) locations have significant impacts on network

configuration and loss. By fixing DGs in suitable optimal locations and by generation
power based on the load conditions, the total power loss in the system can be reduced and
the system reliability can be improved. In this paper, Fuzzy algorithm is used to obtain
the optimum position and size of DG units in the distribution network in order to reduce
network loss at the lowest cost. Also, a time-varying load curve for optimal scheduling of
DGs considering active power loss and DG cost is used. The result shows the
improvement of bus voltage profile and decrease losses due to install the optimal size of
DGs by optimal scheduling of distributed generations. The test system is Yangon 66kv;
45-bus and the results obtained reveal the effectiveness of proposed method.
Keywords: Distributed generation, Fuzzy algorithm, Loss reduction, Optimum position,

System reliability
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Comparison and Analysis of Positioning Control Techniques for

Servo Motor Used in Flat-Bed Screen Printing Machine
Thwin Thu Lynn, Zarchi Linn, Soe Win

thulynnthwin@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
This paper describes the position control scheme of DC servo motor. The fuzzy logic
controller (FLC) is developed for controlling the position of DC servo motor. The DC
servo motors are highly preferred because of high power rating and speed of the motor.
The techniques used in Flat-Bed screen printing machine are PI, PID and FLC. These are
the closed loop real time control scheme where the position control is obtained through
position sensor; it is coupled with the motor shaft for providing a feedback position
signal. The performances, comparison and analysis of three methods of controller based
on DC servo motor at Flat-Bed screen printing machine were investigated. The
simulation model is demonstrated and outcomes illustrate that the three controllers gives
good, better and best performances and then it is pointed out which controller is suited for
industrial position control servo motor applications.
Keywords: DC servo motor, position control system, PI, PID and FLC controller, Flat-
Bed screen printing machine
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Analysis of Filtering Algorithms for Active Noise Cancellation
Atar Mon, Thiri Thandar Aung, Yu Yu Lwin

Department of Electronic Engineering, Yangon Technological University Myanmar
atarmon@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this paper is to analyse the adaptive filters theory for the noise
cancellation problem. There are many noise schemes for noise cancellation but most
effective scheme to noise cancellation is adaptive filtering. The paper describes three
most commonly adaptive filters which were also used in computer experiments, namely
the LMS, NLMS and RLS algorithms. Furthermore, it also describes some computer
experiments conducted within a general problem, providing its solution by using the
LMS, NLMS and the RLS algorithms. Active Noise Cancellation in audio signal uses a
white Gaussian as the noise signal. The adaptive algorithm is developed and analysed
base on single channel broadband feedforward control. Developed system incorporating
better performance in noisy environment can be used for noise cancellation. Simulation
results indicate that the proposed method can improve the performance the quality of
noisy audio signal. The performance of the adaptive filtering algorithms was evaluated in
terms of Mean Square Error (MSE), Log Spectral distance (LSD) and computational
complexity.
Keywords: Adaptive Algorithm, Active Noise Cancellation, Adaptive filtering, LMS,

NLMS, RLS, Feedforward Control:
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Obstacle Avoidance Algorithm of Guidance Robot for

the Visually Impaired People
Myo Me Me, Yu Yu Lwin

myomeme4@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
This paper proposes an obstacle avoidance algorithm of the guidance robot for the
visually impaired people. The four-wheeled mobile robot is used to guide the visually
impaired people. Obstacle avoidance system supports the robot to move safely around in
an environment without colliding with surrounding objects. This system is based on
ultrasonic sensors which can acquire range data from objects in the environment by
estimating the time-of-flight of the ultrasound signal. In this paper, an obstacle avoidance
algorithm is provided based on the combination of the Follow the Gap Method (FGM)
and Intelligent Bug Algorithm (IBA). IBA avoids obstacles by following their edge and
scanning the path to destination, thus making the approach to goal-oriented and avoiding
local minimum problem. The proposed algorithm brings a solution to the problem of
robot traversal in critical shaped environments.
Keywords: Obstacle avoidance, Guidance robot, Visually impaired people, Ultrasonic

sensor, Follow the gap method, Intelligent bug algorithm
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Power Factor Correction Using Solid State Switched Capacitors
Myint Myint Than

myintmyintthan.ec@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
This paper deals with the design and construction of power factor correction (PFC)
system using solid state switched capacitors that are controlled by the Arduino UNO
controller. The main objectives are to reduce the line losses, reactive power flows on the
line and to avoid switching surge overvoltage due to switching on/off the capacitors. The
power factor from the load is measured by using zero crossing circuit and phase shift
detector, and then calculate the power factor according to the program and LCD will be
used for display. This paper provides implementation done on Arduino UNO
microcontroller using C language software to program the microcontroller. Arduino
program to determine time lag between current and voltage, and control the power factor
to get target point by the program according to the load. This system senses the power
factor and with the help of microcontroller switches, required number of capacitors in the
capacitor bank to achieve target power factor. In this system, the reactive power will be
generated by the bank of static capacitors. Design and construction will be done by using
the LM 358, CD4070BC, MOC 3052, BTA 41 ICs, Arduino UNO Microcontroller and
LCD display in this system.
Keywords: Power factor, LM358, CD4070 BC, MOC 3052, BTA 41 ICs LCD, C
language, Arduino UNO microcontroller
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Variable Speed Drive for Controlling Three-Phase AC Induction Motor
Kaung Htet Naing, Myint Myint Than

kgkwwz1523@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The variable speed drive (VSD) is a type of motor controller that drives an electric motor
by varying the frequency and voltage supplied to the electric motor. This paper describes
the open loop control of the three-phase induction motor with variable speed using a
three-phase inverter and temperature sensor. The aim is to identify energy saving
opportunities and incorporated costs of applying variable speed drives to the existing
applications of electrical motor by designing the electronics VSD. The VSD drive
receives signals from temperature sensor and generates a corresponding frequency to
drive the induction motor. In this system the three-phase inverter using IGBTs as
switches generates three-phase output. The heart of the control circuit is a low-cost
microchip’s PIC16F777 microcontroller which is programmed using mikro C PRO
language to generate variable frequency SPWM (sinusoidal pulse width modulation)
switching signals. These switching signals are fed to three-phase inverter with IGBT
driver. The PIC16F887 microcontroller (which is implemented by Proteus 8.0 software)
is used to display different temperatures and different frequencies on LCD monitoring
system.
Keywords: PIC microcontroller, IGBT driver, Three-phase inverter, Three-phase

induction motor, SPWM
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Electronic Transition Dynamics of Deep Levels in

a p-GaN Film Analysed by Time Resolved PL Measurements Using
Two Excitation Laser Beams
Hla Myo Tun, Ryo Shouji, Bei Ma, Ken Morita, Kenji Shiojima, and Yoshihiro Ishitani
hmyotun@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The emission by the electronic transition related to deep energy levels in p-GaN is
examined. Time resolved photoluminescence measurements by the excitation
wavelengths of 400 nm and 267 nm of the second and third harmonic waves of a Ti:
sapphire laser are conducted. We have found two luminescence peaks related to deep
levels with different decay rates mutually. The deep levels related to the respective
luminescence peaks are thought to be spatially separated.
Keywords: Electron Gan, Deep levels, Yellow luminescence, Time resolved

photoluminescence, Two-wavelength excitation
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ICT
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Application of Semi-Supervised Methods for

Land Cover Classification of Multispectral Remote Sensing Images
Senya Kiyasu, Kotaro Sonoda

kiyasu@cis.nagasaki-u.ac.jp
ABSTRACT
In remote sensing from satellites or airplanes, land cover identification is one of the most
important purposes. We often assign one of the categories to each of the pixels in remote
sensed images according to the spectral characteristics of the land cover. It is required to
provide appropriate training data for accurate recognition of pixels. However, in most of
the cases of applications, it is often impossible to provide sufficient data for estimating
the spectral characteristics. Moreover, the spectral characteristics often change according
to the conditions of observation, which causes a lot of errors in recognition. We used the
semi-supervised methods for solving this problem which train the classifier using both of
the provided training data and the unclassified objective image. We improved a method
of semi-supervised land cover classification in which the pixels in the objective image are
appropriately clustered with some clustering seeds to determine the additional training
data.
Keywords: Remote sensing, Pixel, Classification, Multispectral, Semi-supervised

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Internationalization Engineering Studies: Mobility Program at

Faculty of Engineering, Chiang Mai University
Juggapong Natwichai
Department of Computer Engineering,
Faculty of Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
juggapong@eng.cmu.ac.th
ABSTRACT
Nurturing engineering education is somehow challenging in various dimensions.

Curriculum, real-world methodology and practices, professional development or etc,
should be considered seriously. In this talk, we will explore an internationalization issue
which could be a cutting edge through such known obstacles. First, we will show what
could be the possible strategic challenges and also advantages from the global issues.
Subsequently, the characteristics of engineering students in ASEAN countries
particularly Thai students, but not limited to, will be explained. Then, we present an
internationalization framework of Faculty of Engineering, Chiang Mai University, to
answer mentioned challenges will be presented. Last, a few mobility programs, a
realization of such framework, will be thoroughly explained.
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Scientific Cloud Computing: an Overview
Prahlada Rao B.B.

Myanmar Institute of Information Technology (MIIT)
Mandalay, Myanmar
prao@miit.edu.mm
ABSTRACT
Scientific Cloud Computing is evolving. Scientific Computing supports computation and

data intensive applications on dedicated supercomputing facility. Solving grand
challenges in scientific computing requires dedicated HPC resources, which is difficult
and expensive to acquire. Cloud based HPC offering is cost effective and scalable for the
researchers & organizations by providing convenient access to reliable, high performance
clusters and storage, without the need to purchase and maintain sophisticated hardware.
Scientific Clouds offers on demand access to the shared pool of virtual HPC resources
(e.g., Servers, Storage, Networks, Applications and Software) that can be easily
provisioned as and when needed by the HPC applications. Features include creation of
Virtual Machines (VM), Virtual Clusters (VC) (Hadoop, MPI), Scalability and Problem
Solving Environments (PSE’s).
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A Core Blank Element Selection Algorithm for

Code Reading Studies by Fill-in-blank Problems in
Java Programming Learning Assistant System
Khin Khin Zaw, Nobuo Funabiki

Department of Electrical and Communication Engineering, Okayama University, Japan
p8lj1oji@s.okayama-u.ac.jp
ABSTRACT
To assist Java programming studies of novice students, we have implemented fill-in-

blank problems in Java Programming Learning Assistant System (JPLAS) and proposed
the blank element selection algorithm to automatically generate a fill-in-blank problem
from a Java code. This algorithm selects the maximal number of blank elements from the
code such that they have unique and grammatically correct answers. Unfortunately, it
does not consider their importance in the code in terms of the algorithm/logic
implementation, and selects the blank elements rather uniformly and randomly
throughout the code. In this paper, we propose the core blank element selection algorithm
by extending the algorithm in selecting blank elements from core statements that
implement the algorithm/logic in the code. It intends to enhance code reading studies by
novice students. To find core statements, we generate the Program Dependency Graph
(PDG) from the code, and regard the statements whose degrees in the PDG are larger
than the threshold as core ones. For the evaluation, we applied the algorithm to four
codes for the graph theory or fundamental algorithms, and asked six students in our group
to solve the generated fill-in-blank problems. The questionnaire results show that the
proposal is helpful in understanding the algorithm/logic implementation in a code.
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Implementation of Text Data Encryption and

Decryption Using AES Algorithm
Wut Yee Htay, Sao Hone Pha, Yu Yu Lwin

mawutyeehtay@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Fast evaluation of digital data exchange occurs in recent years. Due to that security of
information is much important in data storage and transmission process. Security of
internet banking account passwords, email accounts password requires text protection in
digital media. A security encryption algorithm is required in order to send secret text data
over internet. AES is one of the better algorithms for secured transmission than the
traditional algorithm. AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) is an algorithm that which
replaced DES and 3DES because of their smaller block size. The AES algorithm uses
cryptographic keys of 128 bits to encrypt and decrypt data on block size of 128 bits. In
this AES algorithm, encryption process converts plain text (secret text) into cipher text or
an unintelligible form and decryption process is the cipher text to be decrypted (back)
into plaint ext. These processes are composed of special number of rounds. In this paper,
the whole process is implemented in C# programming.
Keywords: Symmetric key encryption, AES (advanced encryption standard), Encryption,

Decryption
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Development of Path Planning Algorithm for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
Mya Sandar Oo, Hla Myo Tun, Zaw Min Naing

Department of Electronic Engineering, Mandalay Technological University, Mandalay
sandaroo74@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The paper presents the path planning algorithm for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)
system, utilizing A* algorithm as a mainframe in helping the vehicle to navigate a self-
understanding of the area of work and mobilization to a destination desired by the user.
The goal for the UAV is to run from the start point to the end point along the shortest
path in any random scene autonomously. Autonomous UAV navigation requires the
integration of many technologies such as path planning, position and orientation sensing,
UAV control, and obstacle avoidance. The main objective of this work is to create and
develop a path planning UAV able to avoid obstacles in its path and reach a target
designated position from its starting point. Therefore, many simulations were performed
in different static environments, and the results show that the vehicle reaches its target
with colliding free obstacles. In the present study, different experiments have been
performed by including the path planning algorithm simulation in MATLAB and using
GUI for the implementation algorithm.
Keywords: Path planning algorithm, UAV, A star, Autonomous system, Way point
navigation
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Estimation of Network Traffic Status for

Networked Control Systems with Data Dropout and Its Control
Nu Nu Win, Daiki Hashimoto, Tadanao Zanma,

Masashi Wakaiki, Kang-Zhi Liu
Department of Mechatronic Engineering, Mandalay Technological University
malnuwin@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
We address networked control systems (NCSs) with data dropout. The data-dropout is
assumed to obey a Markovianprocess model. For the data-dropout, a controller synthesis
is reviewed. When the network traffic varies, it is necessary to selectan adequate
controller to guarantee the control performance. Since the controller is designed
according to the Markovian process model of the data-dropout, it is necessary to
obtainthe network traffic status for the selection. For the purpose, we propose an
estimation of the network traffic status. The network traffic status is modeled as several
Markovian process models. It is estimated by comparing the probability matrices of the
Markovian process models with the matrix that is obtained the data-dropout history in the
network. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified through experiments.
Keywords: Network control systems, Data dropout, Markovian dropout process, H2

controller synthesis, Estimation
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Vision-based Human Tracking Robot using Kalman Filter
Theint Theint Htwe, Dr. Wut Yi Win

Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Mandalay Technological University
theinttheintstar@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Tracking moving objects is one of the most important but challenging features of motion
analysis and understanding. The system utilizes Ultrasonic sensors not only to measure
the distance between robot and the target human but also for the obstacle avoidance.
Vision-based human tracking is used to find the target human in the environment. The
robot can make tracking conveniently by analysing the information obtained from the
camera and ultrasonic sensors. The system detects the human features with Histogram of
Gradient (HOG) and Support Vector Machine (SVM). Then the stranger detection is
made with HSV colour detection. If the detected human is stranger, robot will perform
tracking. During the process of human tracking, the robot needs to track the stranger not
to be missed. In this paper, the system proposes an innovative and efficient method of
tracking, which performs well even when the target human takes a sudden turn and
occluded with something during its motion. The Kalman filter (KF) has commonly been
used for estimation and prediction of the target human position in succeeding frames.
Keywords: HOG, Kalman filter, Obstacle avoidance, Tracking, SVM

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Mobile Robot Self-Localization and Mapping for

Structured Indoor Environment
Lei Lei Tun Shwe, Wut Yi Win

Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Mandalay Technological University
leilei89.mdy@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
In this research, a vision-based self-localization and mapping system is used to improve

navigation performance of mobile robot. Self-localization and mapping is the process of
computing the robot's pose and the map of the environment at the same time in a
structured indoor environment. It would allow a robot to make localization and mapping
without any human assistance. The robot will make localization and mapping with map-
based system. Relative position between landmarks and mobile robot is re-estimated
continuously using the filter estimation results. Using Kalman Filter (KF) can make more
efficient the localization method of the object. The distance between robot and landmark
can be calculated by using Ultrasonic sensors. The main contribution of this paper is for
reducing computational time in estimating the position while localizing and improving
mapping consistency with map-based system. Artificial Landmarks are used to reduce
uncertainty so the robot can make localization with less computing time. Landmark
detection and recognition are needed to make pose estimation. From the capturing
images, landmark detections are made with Canny edge detection and Chain-code
Approximation algorithms representing the contour of landmarks by using edge points.
A robotic system is capable of mapping in a structured indoor environment and localizing
with respect to the map, in real time, using artificial landmarks and sensors. So, the
optimised paths can be generated for the mobile robot during the process of detecting and
avoiding obstacles.
Keywords: Artificial landmarks, Canny edge detection, Chain-code approximation,

Kalman filter, Map consistency, Obstacles avoidance
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Self-Righting of a Tail Assist Mobile Robot
Aye Chan, Aung Myo Thant Sin

13acm666@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Mobile robots, wheeled or legged robot are focusing by many researchers and have been
gained and success. But they still need and have limitations, especially miss foothold
conditions when the ground contact is loss. Therefore, many research works tried to
improve these problems with the performance or behavior of the animal. Animal can do
running, jumping, turning easily with their own and suitable characters, especially in
lizards use their tail to stabilize perturbation and rapidly reorient their body. In this
system of the mobile robot, an active tail one degree of freedom (DOF) is installed. The
behavior and function of the robot is inspired by tail function of lizards. When the robot
body is deviate from the normal position in a fall, the tail can rapidly reorient the robot
body by changing its angle. The angle changing of the robot is measured by inertial
measurement unit (IMU) sensor that attached to robot body. To get the reliable
orientation sensing from the IMU sensor, Kalman Filter is chose to use. And, PID
controller is used to control the orientation process of the robot. After making several
experiments, the tail robot can pass through the obstacle easily with the assist of the tail,
and can reorient the deviated robot body during a fall within the limited high.
Keywords: Mobile robot with a tail, Inertial sensor, Servo- motor, Lizard’s tail function
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Radius Aware Energy-efficient Cluster-Based Routing Protocol in

Homogenous Wireless Sensor Network
Ei Ei Mon, Myo Myint Maw, May Zin Oo

Department of Computer Engineering and Information Technology,
eieimon104@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
In Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), clustering is a vital concept to reduce energy

dissipation and extend the life time of the sensor nodes which performs detecting,
observing and monitoring the environment. These nodes have limited power,
communication area and so on. To be more efficient in energy consumption, a role of a
routing protocol is very important. This paper thus enhances one of energy efficient
clustering protocols that considers the distance of the nodes in order to choose a vice
cluster head by defining the virtual radius around the base station or the specific distance.
This proposed protocol, namely a Radius Aware Energy-efficient Cluster-based Routing
Protocol (RA-ECRP) is then compared with the classical Low Energy Adaptive
Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) protocol that does not consider any factor to choose the
cluster head, which is randomly selected. Simulation results prove that the proposed
protocol considerably extends the network lifetime by reducing the number of dead
nodes.
Keywords: Wireless sensor network, Clustering, LEACH, RA-ECRP, Energy dissipation

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A Neural Probablistic Language Model for

Joint Morphological Segmentation and POS Tagging
Tin Myat Htwe, Dim Lam Cing

Software Department, University of Computer Studies, Yangon
tinmyathtwe@ucsy.edu.mm
ABSTRACT
Myanmar Language being morphologically rich and complex language, morphological

analysis is an essential preprocessing phrase for effective and efficient Myanmar
language processing tasks and information retrieval. As a part of Myanmar Language
Analysis project, a language model that can represent the morphological feature based on
the recurrent neural network (RNN) is developed. Two other models, tri-gram with KN
and baseline model using the current available systems are also developed. The language
models are trained and tested their performance in segmentation and tagging using three
different testing corpora.
Keywords: Morphological analyser, Morphology, Language model, Neural networks, N-

gram model
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Autonomous Parking System of a Car-like Mobile Robot Using

an Image-based Fuzzy Controller
Kyaw Thiha, Yin Yin Aye, Keigo Watanabe, and Isaku Nagai
kthihacn@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
In this paper, a car-like mobile robot (CLMR) that possesses automatic angle parking and
perpendicular parking capability is designed by using an image-based fuzzy controller. In
the image-based control system, the error which is used to compute the control law is
calculated in the 2D image space. Firstly, a red color parking frame which is drawn on
the floor is detected by the CLMR equipped with a pinhole camera. The desired target
line to be followed by the robot is generated by calculating the image features which are
extracted from the captured image for both parking types. Then, the fuzzy controller is
designed with two inputs, which are the slope and intercept of the target line, and one
output that is the steering angle of the CLMR to complete the parking tasks. Finally, the
simulation results are given to prove the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.
Keywords: Image-based visual servoing, Car-like mobile robot, Fuzzy control, Angle
parking, Perpendicular parking
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The Effect of Human on Multiwall and Multifloor Model in

Indoor Radio Propagation
Saw Mon Yee Aung, Myo Myint Maw

smyeeaung@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Indoor radio propagation modelling plays an important role in designing wireless

communication systems. Different models have been developed to predict the path loss
and radio propagation behaviour for wireless communication systems in different
environments. In wireless communication, the influence of human on radio propagation
in building is investigated with the propagation prediction model. Among the propagation
models, Multiwall and Multifloor model is applied to predict the received signal strength
and path loss due to multiple horizontal floors, vertical walls with human effect. The path
loss due to the presence of human is more than the path loss without human when the
number of floors and walls between transmitter and receiver are increased. The path loss
in indoor radio propagation is determined in two ways: without human and with human
by measuring the experiments in Mandalay Technological University (MTU). The
simulation results of the path loss affected by randomly human bodies through multiple
floors and walls at 2.4 GHz signals are presented. Furthermore, the comparisons of the
path loss calculations of the measurement and the theoretical model are simulated.
Keywords: Human bodies, Indoor propagation, Multiwall and multifloor model, Path
loss, Wireless communication
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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 59
Image Steganography Using Discrete Wavelet Transform and

Adaptive Pixel Pair Matching
Nan Mo Kham, Nang Aye Aye Htwe

nanmokhamnmk7@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Information security is useful not only for storing data and communication secretly but
also for ensuring that the source of the message is valid and that the message has not been
altered. This research proposes a secure information system in image steganography
based on frequency domain. Discrete wavelet transform (DWT) is preferred for
embedding secret image; data is embedded in high and middle frequencies for more
embedding capacity. As an improvement of security level, Adaptive pixel pair matching
(APPM) is applied by B-ary notational system. Cryptographic Hash function, MD5
(Message Digest 5) is applied in this system for authentication and integrity by producing
hash code. Image quality measures used for analysis are Peak Signal to Noise Ratio
(PSNR) and Mean Square Error (MSE) after embedding the secret image. The proposed
system is implemented using C# programming language.
Keywords: Adaptive pixel pair matching (APPM), Discrete wavelet transform (DWT),
Hash function, Mean square error (MSE), Peak signal to ratio (PSNR)
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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 60
Comparing the Usage of Colour Space Conversion in Observation of

Abandoned Objects in Public Area
Baby Htun, Myint Myint Sein

University of Computer Studies, Yangon,
babyhtun@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
One of the important securities monitoring system is video surveillance system for many
crowded environmental areas and daily caring system. In this research, an automatic
abandoned object detection system is developed. Detection of stationary objects such as
bags; luggage is covered a precaution for some terrorist attacks carrying some explosive
things left behind in public areas. First, the system accept an image video input and then
it is used background subtraction on differentiates between successive frames as
preprocessing activity. To detect the static objects, the system is used dual foreground
modeling system. For hunting foreground, the background changes must be first
provided. Auto Threshold feature is used searching strongest features among original
background and next current frames for detecting static or suspicious objects on the
scene. So, noise removal is no need to be an essential preprocessing task in this paper.
When the moving subjects are found by applying background segmentation method, the
system must search and detect the background changes with static or stationary objects in
the video in recorded video files. In the proposed system, the unattended object
observation is developed for monitoring system. In order to remove lighting detection
noises in outdoor, the proposed system are controlling and modifying image intensity
value by using fractionated colour space conversion before Otsu’s method in
preprocessing and then convert frame sequences for preprocessing. The system
preprocesses to search and detect indoor, outdoor, day lighting in fewer errors by using
fractionated color space conversion of images. The color image processing and
morphological operation are performed to observe the object. And then, the system can
calculate object statistics using the blob analysis.
Keywords: Fraction of color space conversion, Comparison in using color space

Conversion, Observation object, Removed object, Blob analysis, Auto
threshold, Outdoor observation
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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 61
Improved Distribution Transforming Encoder for

Securing Honey Encryption
Khin Su Myat Moe, Thanda Win

Department of Computer Engineering and Information Technology
myatmoe.66@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Nowadays, Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is developing in all

sectors all over the world. Consequently, data security is an important role in many
applications such as military, business groups and many other computer users. Data lost
by various attacks, especially brute force attack has much great consequence. Many real
world data security systems rely on Password Based Encryption (PBE) technique. But
PBE and hashing based techniques have the same vulnerabilities to brute force attack due
to the predictability of user-generated weak or repeated passwords. Honey Encryption
(HE) overcomes the weakness of PBE against the brute force attack. However, the
conventional HE has message space limitation in Distribution Transforming Encoder
(DTE) process. Moreover, it has storage overhead and typo safety problem in
honeywords generation process. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to solve message
space limitation by using discrete distribution function, and storage overhead and typo
safety problem by creating new honeywords generation method. Therefore, we also
propose hashing and salting algorithm for securing password and key expansion. In this
paper, we also describe the case studies as a calculation of DTE and hashing and salting
algorithm.
Keywords: Data security, Honey encryption, Password based encryption, Discrete

distribution function, Hashing and salting algorithm
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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 62
SMS Based School Children Tracking and Safety System
Pann Ei Sein, Cho Thet Paing

pannei167.ec@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
This system mainly focuses on the safety of the child on the way from home to school.
There are four sub-systems in this system; sensing system at home and school gate,
child’s module kit and bus fee auto payment and safety system. Sensing system at home
is to sense the child whether he leaves from home or not by using PIR sensor. The child’s
module kit is to reply the current location of the child by using GPS and GSM modules
when the parent wants to check the child’s location by sending a requested message and
it is also to notice an alert message to the parent’s phone when the child faces the
dangerous conditions on the school bus. In the bus fee auto-payment system, RFID is
used to check the child whether he reaches on bus or not and is used for auto-payment
system. For safety of the child on the school bus, the alcohol sensor is used to check
whether the driver drinks the alcohol or not in order to avoid accidents and the vibration
sensor is used to sense the accident case and inform the parents via GSM. Sensing system
at school gate is to sense the child whether he reaches school or not by using PIR sensor.
RF transmitter and receiver modules are used to connect the module kit in the child’s bag
with the corresponding circuits.
Keywords: Arduino, GPS, GSM, RFID, 433mhz RF transmitter and receiver, PIR Ssnsor,
Alcohol sensor, Vibration sensor
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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 63
Survey on Simulation Tools for Wireless Sensor Networks
Aye Mya Win, Nyan Phyo Aung

Department of Electronic Engineering, West Yangon Technological University
ayemyawinn@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The success of Wireless Sensor Networks lies in the fact that the tools available for
detecting the failures are demonstrated in many long term implementations. WSNs are
scarce or limited resources, delicate, difficult in analysis and prone to mistakes easily by
nature. The objective of this contribution is to present expositive review content on
currently available simulation tools/services/concepts used for most emerging field
Wireless Sensor Network that has capability to change many of the Information
Communication aspects in the upcoming era. Currently due to high cost of large number
of sensor nodes most researches in wireless sensor networks area is performed by using
these experimental tools in various universities, institutes, and research centers before
implementing real one. Also the statistics gathered from these simulation tools can be
realistic and convenient. These simulation tools provide the better option for studying the
behavior of WSNs before and after implementing the physical one. The objective of this
research is to review various tools available for the emerging Wireless Sensor Network
and its services suitable for different categories of applications by performing different
functions thus paving the way for changes in Information and Communication field in the
upcoming years.
Keywords: Simulation tools, Simulation, Emulation, Wireless sensor network

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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 64
Stability Enhancement of Position and Force Control System with

Lead Compensation
Thet Swe Myint, Aung Myo Thant Sin

thetswemyint299@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Impedance position control provides high level of stability in stiff environment but has
poor accuracy in free-space. This paper mentions the stability enhancement of
impedance-type position control system during the angular displacement range of 45
degree. Admittance control provides high level of stability in soft environment but can
occur in instability during dynamic interaction with stiff environment. And a new force
controller to improve the performance of admittance-type force control algorithm when
contact with the environment is also mentioned. Lead compensation is supposed the
stability of thee admittance control by increasing the speed of the system. The proposed
controller is one-degree-of-freedom system and is tested in two conditions of with lead
compensation and without lead compensation.
Keywords: Position control, Force control, Lead compensator, Admittance control

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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 65
Automatic Ripeness Detection of Oil Palm Fruit Using

HSV Color Space
Me Me Aung, Khin Thu Zar Win, Hnin Thi Dar Aye, Htin Linn
Department of Mechatronic, Yangon Technological University
memeaungnaing14@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The stage of ripening of the oil palm fruit is important in maximizing the quality of oil of
the oil palm fruit. A non-destructive and simulation method is necessary to predict the oil
palm fruit ripeness stage. Three colors form the basis for the RGB-color space and it can
also be transformed into one common basis for the color space in HSV. In the HSV
coordinate system, a color is described by its hue (average wavelength), saturation (the
amount of white in the color), and value. The color space makes it easier to directly
derive the intensity and color of perceived light. Furthermore it can be used as an optical
property of digital value. The experiment is conducted to determine the hue optical
properties of the four categories of oil palm fruit namely unripe, underripe, ripe and
overripe. The grading system uses a computer and MATLAB software to analyse and
interpret images correspondent to human eye and mind. The simulation results
demonstrate the ability in distinguishing the four different classes of oil palm fruit
automatically.
Keywords: Ripeness, HSV color space, Automatic grading fruit system

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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 66
Enhancement of Positioning Control System: Proxy-Based Sliding

Mode Control (PSMC) with Friction Compensator
Moe Sandar Aung, Aung Myo Thant Sin

moesandaraung88@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
In most of robotic mechanisms, the position/orientation control of joint-angle can

achieved to reach the desired set point with high accuracy trajectory tracking. Moreover,
high-gain proportional-integral-derivative (PID) position control involves approaching
the set point of trajectory but it includes some risk of unwanted behavior which leads to
be difficult for ensure safety during normal operation. The safety and good tracking are
often impossible to combine in traditional control methods that can be applied for stiff
position control. One of the position control scheme, proxy-based sliding mode control
can capable of overdamped resuming motion without overshoots which can produce a
safety manner. This paper proposes the elimination of steady-state behavior in proxy-
based sliding mode control (PSMC), which leads to enchance both safe and accurate
trajectory tracking during abnormal event. The proposed method becomes integrating
with the position control of PSMC and one of the friction compensation model, Columb
friction effect (PSMC+ FC ) so as to compensate the friction in joint-angle controlled. The
validity of the proposed controller was illustrated through experimental results that a
safer happened than conventional stiff position framework.
Keywords: Proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control, Safety, Saturation, Proxy-

based sliding mode control (PSMC), Friction model
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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 67
Students’ E-readiness for E-learning at Two Major

Technological Universities in Myanmar
Mon Mon The, Thanda Win, May Zin Oo, Tsuyoshi Usagawa
Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering,
Kumamoto University, Japan
monmon@hicc.cs.kumamoto-u.ac.jp ,
ABSTRACT
Based on the current situation of the higher education system in Myanmar, the
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) for education attracts attention and
many universities are trying to introduce e-learning. In order to implement e-learning to
universities, not only infrastructure of universities but also readiness of students should
be considered. In this study, the survey was conducted to identify and analyze students’
attitudes towards e-learning readiness. And the results reveal the differences of students’
IT background on e-learning readiness between Yangon and Mandalay Technological
Universities; YTU and MTU. Moreover, this study provides instructional designers and
educational stakeholders how to design e-learning strategies for not only YTU and MTU
but also Myanmar technological universities around the country.
Keywords: Higher education, ICT, E-learning, Students, Major, Urban, Rural

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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 68
Demonstration on Extending the Pageview Feature to

Page Section Based: Towards Identifying Reading Patterns of Users
Fajar Purnama, Alvin Fungai, Tsuyoshi Usagawa

Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, Kumamoto University, Japan
fajar@st.cs.kumamoto-u.ac.jp
ABSTRACT
The Internet made it easier to access information almost anywhere at any time. With all
sorts of analytics such as pageview, behaviorist can see how users browsed the web.
However there is a limit to how much data pageview analytic can provide. Pageview can
answer what, when, and where a webpage is viewed but cannot answer how a page is
viewed. Simply saying it cannot show the reading pattern of a user on a page. Therefore
this work proposes to extend the tracking capability of the pageview feature where the
monitoring is done as far as the sections of the page. The demonstrated web application
developed consists of Javascript which provides the main feature of reading pattern
tracking, Java to store the data into the database which later on can be used for analytics,
and these were tested on a simple HTML page. The web application can show the date
accessed to a particular section and the duration spent on that section by the user. It can
also provide data that shows the reading pattern of a reader which in the future can be
used for analysis by other researchers.
Keywords: Demonstration, Pageview, Reading pattern, Section based, The internet, Web
application, Webpage
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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 69
Systematic Selection of Initial Centroid for

K-Means Document Clustering System
Tin Thu Zar Win, Moe Moe Aye

zarzar84mtu@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
As the number of electronic documents generated from worldwide source increases, it is

hard to manually organize, analyze and present these documents efficiently. Document
clustering is one of the traditionally data mining techniques and an unsupervised learning
paradigm. Fast and high quality document clustering algorithms play an important role in
helping users to effectively navigate, summarize and organize the information. K-Means
algorithm is the most commonly used partitioned clustering algorithm because it can be
easily implemented and is the most efficient one in terms of execution times. However,
the major problem with this algorithm is that it is sensitive to the selection of initial
centroid and may converge to local optima. The algorithm takes the initial cluster centre
arbitrarily so it does not always guarantee good clustering results. Different initial cluster
centres often lead to different clustering and thus provide unstable clustering results. To
overcome this problem, Systematic Selection of Initial Centroid for K-Means (SSIC K-
Means) approach is proposed to improve the quality of clustering in this paper. Unlike
the traditional K-Means clustering, the proposed SSIC K-Means method can generate the
most compact and stable clustering results based on maximum distance initial centroids
points instead of random initial centroid points. In this paper, experimental results are
presented in F-measures using 20 Newsgroup standard datasets. The evaluations
demonstrate that the proposed solution outperforms the other initialization methods and
can be applied for other various standard datasets.
Keywords: Document clustering, Data mining, K-means, Initial centroid, SSIC K-means
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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 70
Examination of GPS Positioning Using Software Receiver
Su Su Yi Mon, Win Zaw Hein, Yoshitaka Goto

ssyimon@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Positioning using GPS is one of the popular techniques to provide location and precise
time. Accuracy of their estimation is much related to performance of receivers. This
paper mainly focuses on understanding the techniques of GPS positioning, such as signal
acquisition, signal tracking, decode of navigation message and position computations,
using software receiver which allows flexibility in algorithm of each technique. After
measuring GPS signals by a software receiver, we successfully estimated receiver
positions by our software in which all the positioning techniques are implemented.
Keywords: GPS, Positioning, Software receiver, Accuracy, Signal processing

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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 71
A Motor Speed Control System with

Arduino and MATLAB/Simulink for Student Laboratory Education
Myo Maung Maung, Jun Imai

imai-j@okayama-u.ac.jp
ABSTRACT
This paper is to report a pilot study on a motor control experimental system for
undergraduate laboratory class education of fundamental control engineering, and focuses
on MATLAB/Simulink real-time implementation of proportional-integral (PI) voltage
controllers and its Arduino interface with the motor hardware. Use of Arduino Support
from Simulink makes it easy to connect the controller on PC to the Arduino hardware
devices. The controller runs on Simulink to drive the device directly via USB port. The
experimental setup has two motors connected together by a shaft. The pulse width
modulation (PWM) waveform signals from the digital output pin of Arduino are used to
turn on/off the FET switch. One of the motors is rotated by applied voltage and is used as
a power source. The other motor is used as a tachometer, or a sensor for detecting the
rotational speed, where the tachometer works on the same principle as a DC generator,
and a voltage proportional to the rotational speed is output which is compared with the
target value. To improve the time response of the speed to reach the target value, a PI
controller is used. The gain tuning is performed by pole assignment of the transfer
function of the motor control system. Finally, for the experimental result is demonstrated
and compared with the simulation results in term of time response.
Keywords: PI control, PWM, MATLAB/Simulink, Arduino Microcontroller, Voltage

control
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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 72
Constructing Myanmar Phrase Structure Grammar for

Myanmar Noun Phrase Extraction
Myintzu Phyo Aung

Information Science Department, Computer University (Myitkyina)
myitzu.mm@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Myanmar language consists of two main phrases: noun phrase and verb phrase.
Extracting simple noun-phrase is useful in the study of artificial intelligence for various
reasons, such as, for an index-term generation in an information retrieval; for the
extraction of collocation knowledge from large corpora; development of computational
tools for language analysis. Moreover, a noun-phrase parser can be used as a pre-
processor for the development of a more complex and ambitious parsing system. Noun
phrases can also serve as a more appropriate translation unit than any other words. In this
paper, Phrase Structure Grammar for Myanmar Noun Phrase is presented. These Phrase
Structure Grammars is applied in extracting Myanmar noun phrases from Myanmar text
by using bottom up parsing approach.
Keywords: Phrase structure grammar, Bottom up parsing, Noun phrase extraction,

Constituents, Tree structure
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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 73
Wireless LAN Based Home Automation System
Zay Yar Htoo Myat, Htin Kyaw Oo

zayarhtoomyat95@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
This paper presents a design and implementation of home automation system that uses
WIFI technology as a network infrastructure to control home appliances wirelessly. The
proposed system consists of four main sections; router configuration, main server, two
secondary servers and hardware interface modules and circuits. First section is router
configuration to build local area network and to allocate fixed IP addresses for all
stations. Second section is the main server which manages and monitors two secondary
servers. Third section is the two secondary servers which control household electronic
and electrical appliances effectively. Users and system administrator can locally or
remotely manage and control these systems wirelessly by using their smart phones.
Fourth section is hardware interface modules and circuits which provide appropriate
interface for home’s appliances. This system can be used not only in home automation
system but also other automation systems in industries and hotel zones.
Keywords: Home automation, IOS application, Microcontrollers, Router, WIFI, Wireless

LAN
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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 74
Prolonging Network Lifetime of Clustering Algorithm in

Wireless Sensor Network
May Pwint Phyu, Thet Pai Phyo, Yu Yu Lwin

maypwint4@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Wireless sensors network consists of small electronic devices with limited energy.
Energy saving is an important issue to extend network lifetime in WSN because
replacement of batteries is impossible. Clustering plays an effective role in utilization and
saving of the limited energy resources of the deployed sensor nodes. In this paper, energy
efficient and prolong network lifetime clustering algorithm is presented for WSN. Based
on the energy strategy and distance of base station, the node which has the largest
residual energy and shortest distance is selected to become the cluster head within radio
range. In data transmission, the selected cluster head is transmitted data directly to base
station by using single hop communication. This algorithm reduces the cluster heads
energy dissipation and prolongs the life time of nodes. Simulation results show that this
clustering achieves an improvement on the network lifetime.
Keywords: Wireless sensor network, Clustering, Single hop communication, Energy

efficient, Network lifetime
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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 75
Image Steganography Using Optimized Pixel Value Differencing

Method and Performance Comparison of Least Significant Bit Method
Khin Myo Thant, Ei Ei Mon

khinmyothant97@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The security of information has been increasing as an important factor in information

technology and communication. In literature, there are many digital information security
techniques, including cryptography and steganography. Steganography is classified based
on cover file such as text, image, audio, video, protocol and etc. Among them, digital
image is more used as a cover file because it has extra bits with its format. Therefore,
image steganography is proposed in this paper, in which secret message is embedded into
image using pixel value differencing (PVD) method. However, capacity or payload,
security and robustness are the three main requirements for information hiding system.
To satisfy the requirements, it has a trade-off. The main presentation of this paper is to
optimize the PVD method in order to be high payload while maintaining the stego image
quality. Moreover, the optimized method is analysed in comparison of least significant bit
method based on payload, mean square error, peak signal to noise ratio and histogram.
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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 76
Search Space Reduction Using K-means Clustering and Adjacency

Matrices for GIS-usage Information Retrieval
Wai Mar Hlaing, Myint Myint Sein

waimarhlaing16@ gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Nowadays, people widespread use of smartphones and ubiquitous devices for map based
services. As the transport network is complicated and massive, people may be confused
to reach the desired location after finding a location. Many searching techniques are used
for finding the shortest path, might still not be fast enough in certain real-time
applications because of complexing transport network. Search time can be reduced if we
pruned unnecessary clusters in a complex large graph. Memory utilization is safe for the
processing time if we reduce search space in complex network. For removing
unnecessary clusters, adjacency matrices, distance based methods and K-means
clustering can be used. ArcGIS software and popular shortest path algorithms are applied
to find the shortest path from one location to another on the Android mobile platform. In
addition, the performance of finding the shortest path using popular A* and Dijkstra
algorithms with bidirectional search can be compared before and after removing
unnecessary clusters.
Keywords: K-means clustering algorithm, Adjacency matrix, Distance based methods,

A* with bidirectional, Dijkstra with bidirectional, Arcgis
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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 77
Effective Structuring of
Distance Examination System Using Mobile Agents
Aye Mon Tun, Khin Mar Soe

ayemontun@ucsy.edu.mm
ABSTRACT
Distance Examination (DE) is testing and evaluating the knowledge of distance learning
students remotely. It plays an instrumental role in determining the success of Distance
Education. So, Distance Examination systems should be carefully designed and
implemented by using effective techniques. Existing traditional testing techniques such as
computer-based testing (CBT) and Web-based testing (WBT) or internet-based testing
(IBT) have many limitations including susceptibility of network loads, partitions, etc. To
deal with the limitations, mobile agent design paradigm has emerged as an improvement
over traditional client/server model in recent years. This paper presents a mobile agent
based Distance Examination system, which maps the real world examination scenario
closely, for the purpose of testing the students effectively and remotely and illustrates
how to easily design and structure a distributed system in terms of mobile agents.
Keywords: Distance examination, Computer-based testing, Web-based testing, Mobile

agent, Distance education
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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 78
Advanced Position Control Algorithm for

Stability Improvement of Line Following Robot
Tin Zar Khaing Wai, Aung Myo Thant Sin

thin.zar.khaing.wai@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Position control is one of the most important issues for mobile robots. Numerous
applications and designs for stability consideration of line following robot had been
proposed in the past. In this Paper, new position control scheme for line following robot
was proposed using PID controller, and first order filter together with filter. And also
compare the results of various control methods based on conventional PID (proportional,
integral and derivative) controller. The performance of the different line following
application was demonstrated by using arduino robot.
Keywords: Line following robot, Arduino robot, PDD2 controller, Low-pass filter and
PID based algorithm
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A New Temperature Control Algorithm with

Gain Scheduled PID and Kalman Filtering Estimator
Shein Wah Win, Aung Myo Thant Sin

sheinwah3@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
One of the most prominent applications of smart technology for energy saving is in
buildings, in particular, heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems are
important target for efficiency improvements because of their large energy footprint.
Since, traditional HVAC systems rely on temperature regulators and thermostats applied
conventional on-off control, which are ineffective to control dynamic changes in the
thermal behaviour of buildings. This paper deploys a new advanced method of gain
scheduled proportional-integral-derivative (GS-PID) controller using Kalman Filter for
heating control of HVAC system. The performance of the proposed algorithm is
evaluated by comparing with that of the GS-PID controllers. Experiments show that new
technique result reduction in energy consumption as compared to both conventional
controllers, while still maintaining a comfortable room temperature. The energy savings
are due to new control scheme compensating for varying occupancy, while considering
the transient and steady state electrical consumption of the heater. This new control
technique can likely be generalized to other HVAC systems while still maintaining these
energy saving features.
Keywords: Temperature control, Gain scheduling, Proportional integral controller, Non-

linear control, Kalman filter
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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 80
Analysis of Rips Complex for Completeness of

Coverage in Wireless Sensor Network
Hnin Pwint Phyu, Thet Paing Phyo, Yu Yu Lwin

Department of Electronic Engineering, Yangon Technological University Yangon
twopwintphyu@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Coverage completeness is considered as an important measure of quality of service

provided by a wireless sensor network (WSN) and also emergence of holes in the area of
interest is unavoidable due to non-uniform random distribution and the nature of WSN
nodes. In this paper, simplicial complex called Rips complex that gives information about
coverage quality is adopted, and it is proved theoretically. The main idea of this paper is
forming a triangle by sensor node and its two neighbour nodes, judging accuracy of the
existence of coverage under the different ratio of communication radius (Rc) and sensing
radius of sensor nodes (Rs). Simulation results show that the comparison of the accuracy
of the correctness for defining coverage.
Keywords: WSN, Wireless sensor networks coverage, Coverage hole, Simplicial

complex, Rips complex
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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 81
Low-Cost Wireless Flood Detection System Using

RF and GSM Communication
Thiri Su, Hein Thura Aung

thirisu84@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
This paper describes the Wireless Flood Detection System Using RF Transceiver and
GSM Communication. Firstly the flooding of water is detected with Arduino and the
level detector circuit. These detected levels are displayed with LCD at the monitoring
site. If the level reaches to the unease point, this information is sent to warn the
subscriber via the GSM communication. The detecting station consists of ATmega 328P
microcontroller, Arduino Nano board, nRF24L01+2.4GHz (RF transceiver) Module and
GSM Module. The monitoring site consists of Arduino Uno board, nRF24L0+2.4GHz
(RF transceiver) Module and LCD display. The communication between the monitoring
site and detecting station is nRF24L01+2.4GHz transceiver. The GSM Module is in the
role of sending a short message to the subscriber. This system is low cost and the flood
level data can be known instantly. Therefore, the people around the sea site can know
flood information immediately.
Keywords: RF transceiver module, Global system module, Liquid crystal display

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MANUFACTURING AND AUTOMATION

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Interactive Design Tool for the Compound UAV with Lift Fan
Jae-Woo Lee, Kwon-Su Jeon, Yun Ki Jung

Department of Aerospace Information Engineering
Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
jwlee@konkuk.ac.kr
ABSTRACT
The compound aircraft is a concept of aircraft that has both the VTOL including hovering
capability and the high-speed capability. There have been several attempts of developing
various concepts that combine the rotorcraft and the fixed wing aircraft. In this study, a
new sizing process based on the fixed wing sizing method is developed for the design of
compound aircraft with lift fan. By investigating the flight physics through existing
aircraft concepts and researches, important parameters for the sizing of lift fan type
compound aircraft are identified, then the sizing process is developed and proposed. The
proposed tool can help to enhance the conceptual design of the various compound
aircraft.
Keywords: Lift fan, Compound aircraft, Unmanned aircraft, Sizing, Design optimization
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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 84
Improving Resource Efficiency in an FPGA-based Real-time

Image Detection System with the FIND Algorithm
Yuichiro Shibata, Yoshiki Hayashida, Ryo Fujita, Kiyoshi Oguri

shibata@cis.nagasaki-u.ac.jp
ABSTRACT
This paper proposes and discusses an effective field programmable gate array (FPGA)
design technique, which efficiently improves resource utilization in calculation of image
feature interaction descriptor (FIND). While FIND achieves a high degree of image
detection accuracy, its computational cost is expensive. Especially, a large number of
divider units are required for calculating co-occurrence features used in FIND. We
propose a method for calculating co-occurrence features with a small FPGA chip. In this
method, various implementations of the same arithmetic operator are combined to
achieve efficient parallel processing with a well-balanced FPGA resource utilization.
Keywords: Field programmable gate array (FPGA), Feature interaction descriptor

(FIND), Image detection, Co-occurrence feature, Division arithmetic
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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 85
Off-design Performance Improvement in

Centrifugal Compressors with Recirculation Flow Type Casing
Treatment by Optimized Guide Vane
Min Thaw Tun, Daisaku Sakaguchi

bb52214109@ms.nagasaki-u.ac.jp
ABSTRACT
A turbocharger compressor requires a wider operating range as well as higher

performance in order to meet demands of modern engines. Recirculation flow type casing
treatment is one of the most popular methods that have been widely investigated.
Recirculating flow type casing can extend the operating range of the compressor to the
low flow rate region by sucking the reverse flow at shroud wall side at small flow rate
condition. The merits of recirculation flow type casing treatment are 1) reduction of pre-
whirl at impeller inlet, 2) improvement of flow incidence 3) higher blade loading and 4)
proper deceleration of velocity. However, increase in friction loss and mixing loss can be
considered as the demerit of the casing treatment. In the present study, an application of
three-dimensional guide vane inside the casing treatment is presented to overcome the
demerits of the casing treatment. The shape of the guide vane was optimized using a
surrogate model assisted optimization code. Numerical results showed that the optimized
guide vane hold a possibility to improve off-design performance by reducing the
excessive pre-whirl at the compressor inlet.
Keywords: Global optimization, Centrifugal Compressor, Turbocharger, Casing

treatment, Flow range enhancement
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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 86
Performance Test of Railbus, Resistance Forces,

Tractive Effort and Its Balance Speed
Win Thurein, Than Than Htike, Khin Aung Linn

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technological University (Thanlyin)
winthurein2013@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Light rail vehicles such as DMU, railbus and railcar are used in railway transportation,
especially in repair work in rural area. Nowadays, vehicle technologies are also used in
railcar for amusement park. As a pilot project, resistance force, tractive effort and balance
speed of railbus and its performance curve are expressed in this paper. The engine
maximum power is 235 kW (315hp) at 2200 rpm. This railbus consists of 17 tons power
car and drawbarpull of three car 17 tons each. Intended Maximum speed of railbus is
60(mph) or 96(km/hr). In order to overcome 3% grade and 16 degree curve, the
performance of railbus: tractive effort, resistance force and balance speed are considered.
Determination of tractive effort to overcome the resistance forces of railbus are checked
by its balance speed.
Keywords: Tractive effort, Resistance force, Grade resistance, Curve resistance, Balance
speed
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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 87
Effects of Inlet and Outlet Extensions on

Transmission Loss of an Expansion Chamber Muffler by
Transfer Matrix Method
Thiha Zaw, Aminudin Abu, Noor Fawazi, San Da Pyae Sone

Mechanical Precision Engineering Department, MJIIT,
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Malaysia
thihazawmech@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Exhaust muffler is a necessary component to reduce the noise from exhaust system. In
this paper, the effects of inlet and outlet extensions on transmission loss of a muffler are
discussed. The main objective is to find the easiest way to reduce the noise of a muffler
by changing the geometry values. The transmission loss is calculated numerically by
transfer matrix method and the detailed numerical method is discussed.
Keywords: Expansion chamber, Transfer matrix method, Inlet extension, Outlet

extension, Transmission loss
t h
7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 88
Control of Exoskeleton for Assisting Human Labour in Industry
Kaung Khant Ko Ko Han, Aung Myo Thant Sin

kaungkhant.mce@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
This paper presents a position controller that is in the inner loop position servo of an
admittance controller. PID (proportional, integral and derivative) is applicable in many
control problems, but due to its limited bandwidth, it is not enough for admittance-type
control system. To cope with this problem, the position controller is composed of
conventional PID, phase-lead compensator and model-based friction compensation. The
PDD2 (PID plus phase-lead compensator) controller and the friction compensation are for
extending the bandwidth of internal position servo, and thus, improve the stability of the
admittance control. The friction compensator is integrated with static friction, Coulomb
friction, viscous friction and Stribeck effect. The propose control scheme was tested
employing a 1-DOF robotic joint.
Keywords: Admittance control, Lower-limb exoskeleton, Rehabilitation robotics,

Friction compensation, Lead compensation
t h
7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 89
Modelling and Simulation of a 5-DOF Stationary Articulated Robot

Using MATLAB and RoboAnalyzer
Aung Myat San, Wut Yi Win

agmyatsanmc@goglemail.com
ABSTRACT
This paper presents kinematic modelling of a 5-DOF articulated robot which is used for
educational tasks, and presents an adopted modelling method to simulate the robotic
kinematic and dynamic characteristics, where a LabVolt R5150 robot arm has been taken
as a case study. Firstly, DH parameters of the robot are specified. Second, the forward
kinematics of the robot is solved based on the standard D-H analytical scheme. Third, the
inverse kinematic solution of the robot is found using geometric approach. Following
this, the dynamic model based on Recursive Newton-Euler formulation is developed. The
simulation of robotic kinematics and dynamics is performed through MATLAB and
RoboAnalyzer. The adjoint use of MATLAB and RoboAnalyzer can make the modelling
and analysis of serial robot more flexible. Any n-DOF serial robot can be analysed using
this approach. The adopted modelling solution was found to be identical with the physical
behaviours.
Keywords: Modelling, Simulation, 5-DOF articulated robot, D-H parameters,

Kinematics, Dynamics
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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 90
Object Recognition for Grasping Tasks using Industrial Robots
Saint Saint Pyone, Wut Yi Win

saintsaint85@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Working in assembly robotic environments, the robot has not only to locate the part
accurately but also to recognize it in readiness for grasping. The main point of this paper
is to recognize the objects efficiently in various appearance changes for grasping tasks of
industrial robots. Typical object recognition systems are designed using two parts. The
first part is a feature extractor that finds features within the data, which are specific to the
task being solved. Edge detection method is used to extract image’s features. Canny edge
operator is chosen because it can generate the significant features for objects than other
technique. The handling tools for grasping images are trained in the data set. The second
part is classification system by using Artificial Neural Network. It is used to train the
training data set and classify the test data set that it is shown with its result box. This
system is implemented by using MATLAB programming language. This paper intends to
implement machine vision system for industrial robotic grasping tasks. Based on the
experiment, this object recognition for grasping tasks system is robust for the industrial
robots.
Keywords: Artificial neural network, Edge detection, Grasping tasks, Machine vision
system, Recognition
t h
7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 91
Enhancing the Hygienic Quality of Myanmar Traditional Fermented

Food (Shrimp Paste) by Gamma Irradiation
San Linn, Si Si Win

Defence Services Science and Technology Research Centre
bosan47@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was the preliminary investigation of gamma irradiation on
Myanmar traditional fermented food, shrimp paste (Hmyin Ngapi). Sample of fermented
food (shrimp paste) was irradiated by gamma source of cobalt-60 with doses of (0kGy,
6.0kGy, 7.5kGy, 9.0kGy, 10.5kGy and 12.0kGy).Physicochemical composition of
representative sample was also determined before irradiation. The microbiological quality
of food product was determined before and after irradiation using standard
microbiological methods. The microbial load was estimated by aerobic plate count (APC)
and total fungal count (TFC). Initial viable cell counts (APC and TFC) of shrimp paste
were 3.8×103 cfu/g and 1.5×103 cfu/g. After irradiation, microbial decontamination of
irradiated and non-irradiated sample was examined during storage intervals. The results
revealed that microbial decontamination was inhibited to some extent. Furthermore, the
present work was carried out to find the microorganisms such as Coliform, Escherichia
coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella for food safety. Changes in moisture content
and fermentative microorganisms during storage intervals four months were investigated.
Shelf-life and sensory evaluation of irradiated and non-irradiated food sample were also
studied. Food irradiation could eliminate pathogenic microorganisms containing in
foods, extend shelf-life and improve the hygienic quality of tested food sample.
Keywords: Gamma irradiation, Microbial load, Decontamination, Hygienic quality,

Sensory evaluation
t h
7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 92
Synthesis and Characterization of Heterogeneous Catalysts from

Various Eggshells for Biodiesel Production
Thi Thi Win, May Myat Khine

Department of Chemical Engineering, Mandalay Technological University
thithi198633@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Chicken, duck and quail eggshell wastes were applied as raw materials for the
preparation of heterogeneous catalysts. Prior to use, the calcium carbonate (CaCO 3)
content in the waste shell was converted to calcium oxide (CaO) by calcining at 700-
900°C for 3hr. The physicochemical properties of the solid oxide catalyst were
characterized by Xray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X- ray fluorescence
(EDXRF) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to get optimal eggshell- derived
catalyst in the production of biodiesel from palm oil. The chicken eggshell waste was
chosen as a suitable eggshell waste-derived catalyst to produce biodiesel by seeing XRD,
EDXRF and SEM results. The effect of different weight percentages of catalyst with
methanol to oil molar ratio of 8:1, reaction time of 3 hr, reaction temperature of 65°C was
investigated. The optimum FAME yield was 92 % with a catalyst amount of 30 wt%. The
fuel properties of obtained biodiesel were investigated.
Keywords: Biodiesel, Palm oil, Eggshell wastes, Heterogeneous catalysts, Physicochemical

properties
t h
7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 93
Analysis on Foundry Grade Ferrosilicon Alloy

Making from Local Quartzite Ore
Thant Zin Nyunt, Min Min Aung Thu

Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering Department,
Defence Services Technological Academy
mgthura3@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
This paper examines the role of one type of ferroalloy materials in steel making.
Ferrosilicon and silicon metal is produced industrially by carbothermic reduction of
silicon dioxide with carbon in electric submerged arc furnaces. Additionally for
ferrosilicon production, scrap metal, iron pellets or iron oxide ore is used as the source
for iron. Ferrosilicon (typical qualities 45%, 65%, 75% and 90% silicon) is mainly used
for alloying of steel and cast iron. The major difference between the ferrosilicon and the
silicon process is that the ferrosilicon process adds an iron source to the raw material
mixture. The presence of iron in the silicon process has several effects, such as lowering
the silicon activity, making the chemical reactions run easier. Most of the SiO gas will
either react with C to form SiC or condense to Si + SiO 2, the latter reaction releasing heat
which acts as a preheating of the new raw materials. In the inner zone of the furnace the
SiC from the outer zone reacts with SiO2, forming free silicon, SiO(g) and CO(g) as the
end products. Hematite (Fe2O3) is added to the system in a ferrosilicon furnace. Carbon
has higher solubility in higher silicon content ferrosilicon. SiC is an intermediate product
which reduces the silicon yield.
Keywords: Ferrosilicon, Reducer and alloying element, Physical and mechanical

properties, Carbothermic reduction, Raw materials, Higher solubility
t h
7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 94
Analysis on Side Gating, Feeding and Pouring System in

Lost Foam Casting Process of
Gray Cast Alloyed Cylinder Liner for Diesel Engine
Min Min Aung Thu, Kyaw Thu Win, Kyaw Moe Han
Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering Department,
min2.aung.thu@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The paper discusses the effects of gating systems, number gate (runner), and their
locations, in the Lost Foam Casting (LFC) of Copper-boron Gray Cast Alloyed cylinder
liner were investigated. Four different gating systems, with one, two or more gating
systems were designed. The three mechanical tests and surface defects have been
employed to evaluate the casting soundness and quality in an as-cast condition. The
results revealed that gating systems have a major effect on the formation of the casting
surface defects, i.e. the side-bottom gated in single ingate system produced. But the
hardness, tensile strength and impact, in comparison with the others gating systems were
obtained respectively in the range of standard properties. The number of gates(runners),
which is the melt filling entrance to the mold: pouring and solidification rate, can be
effected, whilst the increased number of ingates with the decreased of mechanical
properties and the formation of the surface defects.
Keywords: Gating and Pouring System of Lost Foam Casting, Hardness, Tensile
Strength, Impact and Surface Defects in As-Cast Condition
t h
7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 95
Study on Processing of Rare Earth Oxide from

Myanmar Monazite
Aye Thi Tar, Tin Moe Hlaing, Bo Bo Mya Win

Biotechnology and Material Science Research Department
Ministry of Education, Myanmar
dr.ayethitar@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The present study investigates to support the large-scale production of rare earth oxide,
which has been used for next research work of individual rare earth elements purification
process from Myanmar monazite. The processing of rare earth oxide in this study
involves four main parts, digestion of monazite concentrate, selective precipitation of rare
earth hydroxide, precipitation of rare earth oxalate and calcination of rare earth oxide.
The chemicals used in this study were commercial grade from local market. The products
from each processing process were characterized by XRD and XRF. The obtained rare
earth oxide purity and recovery were (93-98) % and (80-85) % respectively.
Keywords: Calcination, Digestion, Myanmar monazite, Purity, Recovery, Rare earth

oxide, Selective precipitation
t h
7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 96
A Study on Recovery of Gold Leaching from Tailing of

Moedi Moemi Gold Mine Using Column Leach Test
Minn Minn Htun, Myo Min Tun

Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Material Science,
uminmin.htun@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The main objective of this research is to extract the gold from the tailings which are
dumped at Moedi Moemi gold mines southeast of Mandalay, in central Myanmar, and
which lies about 80 kilometers north of Naypyidaw by using the CIP processing
technology. These tailings contain gold between (0.9-2.75)g/t. A bulk sample about
100kg from tailing pond was used to conduct this study. The grade and the moisture
content were determined. The natural pH of the tailings and their particles size
distribution were also determined. Nearly 97% of the tailing was coarser than 74 µm. The
sample showed that 22% of the distribution of the gold is under the size 74 µm and
78% of the distribution of the gold is over the size 74 µm. The cyanide
concentration, residence time and lixiviant pH have a significant effect on the leaching
efficiency of gold. In this study, pH of 11 and cyanide concentration of 0.05% were used.
The experiments are conducted by changing the rates of flow from the overhead tank to
the inlet of the column in achieving the same ponding depth. The recoveries of the
c o l u m n l e a c h i n g t e s t w i t h different f l o w r a t e s (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 ml/s/m2) are
amount 26, 39, 53, 71 and 65 % respectively.
Keywords: Gold recovery, Column leaching, Tailing, Moedi Moemi

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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 97
Analysis of Tracked Unmanned Ground Vehicle Performance on

Various Terrains
Nay Linn Htay, Kyaw Htet Aung, San Htay Naung

Mechanical Engineering Department, Defence Services Technological Academy
karkarlinpyae@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The objective is to establish reliable methods for predicting their performance in relation
to their design parameters and terrain characteristics. From the measurement of the
pressure-sinkage relationships, therefore, is of identify in the prediction and evaluation of
off-road vehicle performance. In vehicle performance evaluation, it is, however, desirable
to determine the variation of thrust with track slip over the full operating range. To
predict the relationship between thrust and slip, it is necessary to examine the
development of shear displacement beneath a track since shear stress is a function of
shear displacement. Finally, the comparisons of two track unmanned ground vehicles’
performances base on various terrains were presented as the simulation result in matlab.
t h
7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 98
Geometric Approach Path Planning for Parallel Parking Mobile Robot
Soe Yu Maung Maung, Nu Nu Win

soeyumaungmaung@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Nowadays, research based on autonomous system such as auto-pilot, auto-mobile and

auto-space craft are very interesting area in the innovating technology. Autonomous taxi
mobiles will be popular very soon. This research will be one point of supporting roles for
automobile in the parallel parking. This research deals with geometric approach path
planning and finding the related equation from the result of geometric approach for the
starting position with the least square method for a car-like vehicle in parallel parking. In
this research, mobile robot motion task is to park between the parallel posture cars for
narrow parking space in an obstacle free environment. Geometric approach path planning
method is supported to generate the reference parking path, which can be determined by
the geometry of a vehicle and its maximum steering angle. Least square parabolic method
is used to produce an equation by taking the sample data from the geometric path which
can be helped to find the starting position directly. Ultrasonic sensors are used to find the
parking space and to adjust the robot orientation to be parallel with the front car.
Navigation system is done by odometry that mainly used the sensor output as the input
command. Optical encoder is used as a feedback input for the robot moving distance. The
proposed planning method is independent of the initial position of the vehicle but it must
be parallel with the parking space. Based on the experimental result of this research,
parallel parking control problem has been solved well with the geometric approach.
Keywords: Parallel parking, Geometric path planning, Orientation, S-shaped trajectory,

Least square method
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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 99
Velocity Bounding Proxy-Based Sliding Mode Control of

2-D Gantry Crane
Myat Phyoe Phyoe Aung, Aung Myo Thant Sin

myatphyoephyoeaung25@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Crane system is widely used to transport payload from one point to another. The ability to
successfully transfer a payload by fulfilling the requirements is highly dependent on
operator skill, where a simple mistake can lead to accident and fatality. This paper
proposes a velocity-bounding PSMC (VB-PSMC) scheme, which is an extension of
PSMC to impose an arbitrary magnitude limit on the velocity. The VB-PSMC method
can be used as a lowest-level position servo that is safer than PSMC and much safer than
conventional PID control. The advantage of VB-PSMC was demonstrated through
implementation experiments.
Keywords: Gantry crane system, VB-PSMC control, Swing angle estimation, Position
control, Stability
t h
7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 100
Friction Identification and Compensation of

DC Motor for Precise Motion Control
Khaing Zar Aung, Aung Myo Thant Sin

khaingzaraungs@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
In real life control applications of mechatronic systems, friction is important issue that
might have direct effects on the performance of systems. Hence, a model-based friction
identification and compensation of DC motor for precise motion control systems is
presented in this paper. The objective is to compensate the highly nonlinear effects that
are inherent to such systems due to friction forces. Implemented hierarchical system
structure provides one-degree–of-freedom control positioning. In order to accomplish the
task, the pro-posed method employs a friction compensating scheme based on a static
friction model and is also tested in experiment for a dynamic model actuator. Friction
model parameters are chosen by an off-line identification method. The experimental
results show that the performances of the proposed friction compensation method.
Keywords: Position control, Friction compensation, Friction identification, Parameter

estimation, Stribeck
t h
7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 101
Anti-Oxidant Potential of the Branch Extract of Pyrus Pyrifolia
Hiroyuki Akazawa, Makoto Fukatsu

Department of Biotechnology and Material Chemistry
Nihon University Junior College, Japan
akazawa.hiroyuki@nihon-u.ac.jp
ABSTRACT
The branch extracts and fractions of Pyrus pyrifolia, Japanese pear, were evaluated for
their anti-oxidative activity for the new way to the effective utilization of waste. On
DPPH radical scavenging assay, methanol extract and all fraction exhibited the activity
which IC50 value was 206-
radical scavenging activity with the IC 50
exhibited the strongest hydroxyl radical scavenging activity (Fenton assay) with the IC50
-butanol
fraction was selected for further investigation. The thin layer chromatography analysis of
n-butanol fraction showed one major constituent was included in the fraction with DPPH
radical scavenging activity. This study suggested that the higher polar fractions of P.
pyrifolia might have the potential for the natural resource of anti-oxidant
Keywords: Japanese pear, Anti-oxidant, DPPH radical, Hydroxyl radical scavenging

activity
t h
7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 102
Design and Structural Analysis of Helical Gear for

Light-Weight Car
Hlwan Htet Htet San, Htay Htay Win, Myint Thein

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mandalay Technological University
hhhsan11588@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Gears are mainly used to transmit the power in mechanical power transmit systems.
These gears play a most predominant role in many automobile and micro electro
mechanical systems. In a gear design, there is a problem of failures at the root of the teeth
and at the contact of the teeth because of the bending stress. This can be minimized by
changing the different values of face width. As a result, the most suitable face width is
selected. And then, three different properties of materials are analysed to get optimum
design. In this paper, bending stress of helical gear is determined by using Lewis and
AGMA equations. A helical gear box is driven by motor which has 7.5 kW power at
3600 rpm. A three –dimensional solid model is generated and analysed by SolidWorks
software. Finally, the results obtained from SolidWorks values are compared with Lewis
and AGMA values. In this analysis, the face width is 17 mm and AISI 5160 OQT400
which has von-Mises stress 160 MPa is the suitable material because it has lowest total
deformation on gear.
Keywords: Bending stress, Face width, Gear material, Helical gear, Lewis
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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 103
Numerical Aspects and Experimental Work on

Modification of Impeller Tip for Pump as Turbine
Nan Kathy Lin, Myat Myat Soe, Aung Myat Thu

nankathylin@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Centrifugal volute-pumps are potential alternative solution to be using as hydro turbines,

by flowing water in the reverse direction through in the pumps. Since the overall
efficiency of these machines is lower than the conventional turbines, their application in
larger hydro sites is not economical. Therefore, the efficiency improvement of reverse
pumps is essential. In this study, by focusing on a pump impeller, the shape of blades was
redesigned to reach a higher efficiency in turbine mode. The aim of this research is to
compare the performance of a small centrifugal volute-pump as turbine at the different
head of the pump before and after modification on impeller tips of the pump at various
capacities. Modification is performed by grinding the inlet ends of the impeller tips of
the pump to a sharp-edge shape to preclude excessive turbulence for efficiency
consideration. After modification, a new impeller was tested in the test rig. The
efficiency of before modification at the maximum head (13.56m), maximum power
(179.2W) and maximum speed (1655rpm) is 32.6%. The efficiency of after modification
at the maximum head (13.67m), maximum power (190W) and maximum speed
(1670rpm) is 37.7%. The maximum flow rate is 330L/min in both case. So, the output-
power and efficiency of the modified impeller tips of centrifugal volute-pump as turbine
are better than before modified one. In this paper, 3-D numerical CFD tool for simulation
of the flow field characteristics inside the pump as turbine are analysed and simulated by
using Flow Simulation in ANSYS Workbench 17.0.
Keywords: Pump as turbine (PAT), Modification, Impeller tip, Flow field characteristic
t h
7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 104
Improved Local Thresholding Using Morhological Operators for

Blank Space Detection in Industrial Packaging System
Nwe Nwe Htun Winn, Khin Thu Zar Win , Hnin Thi Dar Aye, Nay Zar Aung
snowrose1718@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Image thresholding is a process of evaluating optimum value by which the background

and foreground color are segmented. Normally, it is very common to use global threshold
in image segmentation. However, global threshold is not always suitable to be used in
image segmentation, for example, when background and object colors are almost the
same. This problem can be solved by using local thresholding. Previous work has been
compared with other existing methods such as sliding window median thresholding,
sliding window mean thresholding, sliding window mid-gray thresholding, Niblack’s
local thresholding, Sauvola’s local thresholding and Wolf’s local thresholding[12]. This
research presents a sliding window based local thresholding technique with morphology
operations. The performance of sliding window based local thresholding’s result is better
than other existing local thresholding [12] but the results are more robust when
combining with morphological operators. Sliding window is moving a window
throughout image, where some image processing is performed on the underlying sub-
image [12]. Simulations were performed over six industrial images and the results show
that the improved method is more robust and better than ordinary sliding window based
method.
Keywords: Sliding window based method, Blank space detection, Morphological

operations
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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 105
Solidification Height of PCM in the Direct Contact Heat

Storage Vessel is controlled by Aluminum Metal Fiber
Than Tun Naing, Akihiko Horibe, Naoto Haruki

Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
konaing759@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The present paper is suggested to reuse waste heat in the middle temperature region.
Purpose of this study is to develop the latent heat storage system using the middle
temperature waste heat about 100 ̊C – 200 ̊C from the factories. In this study, the direct
contact melting and solidification behavior between heat transfer fluid oil and the
mixture of mannitol and erythritol Cm = 70 mass %, Ce = 30 mass % as a phase change
material (PCM) were visualized. The weight of PCM was 3.0 kg and the flow rate of oil
foil was 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 kg/min. To decrease the package height of PCM mixture during the
solidification process, the aluminum metal fiber was installed at the PCM region in the
vessel. And the melting and solidification behaviors of latent heat storage mixture by
installing the aluminum metal fiber are investigated. As the results, it is found that the
PCM coated oil bubbles are broken by the metal fiber; it prevents the solidified height of
PCM increases. The effect of changing the metal fiber diameter and the effect of
changing the metal fiber filling rate are also investigated.
Keywords: PCM, Latent heat, Heat storage mixture, Metal fiber, Solidification height
t h
7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 106
Real-time Vibration Measurement Using

a Feedback Control System in a Laser Interferometer
Myint Thein, Osami Sasaki

minmyintthein2008@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Laser interferometer is one of the most sensitive methods for small displacement
measurement for scientific and industrial applications. This paper focus on real-time
vibration (movement) measurement using a PI (Proportional Integral) feedback control
system in a laser interferometer. A Michelson interferometer with a Helium-Neon (He-
Ne) light source is used to get a sinusoidal phase-modulated interference signal by
vibrating a mirror for the reference wave with a piezoelectric transducer PZT (reference
PZT). Another mirror for the objective wave is an object which is vibrated with a PZT.
The interferometer can measure a vibration of the object in real time by giving the
reference PZT a voltage which is generated by the feedback control system using a signal
processing circuit system. The sinusoidal phase-modulation frequency is 10 kHz. A
multiplier and a low-pass filter (LPF) with a cutoff frequency of 400 Hz function to
extract a fundamental frequency component of the interference signal. The interference
signal is detected by a photodiode, and the signals of the circuits are detected with an
oscilloscope. MATLAB code computes the vibration (movement) amplitude of the object
from the detected signals. When the sinusoidal vibration amplitude (ad) of the object is
from 200 nm to 1811 nm at fd=100Hz, the measurement accuracy of the a d is less than
about 10 nanometers. When the frequency fd is from 50 Hz to 500 Hz, the maximum
measurable amplitude is about from 1890 nm to 945 nm.
Keywords: Laser interferometer, Vibration measurement, Feedback control system, PI,

Piezoelectric transducer
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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 107
ENERGY, ENVIRONMENT AND

NATURAL SCIENCE
t h
7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 108
Measurement of Hansen Solubility Parameter of Carbon Materials

Using Hansen Solubility Sphere Method
Hideki Yamamoto
Department of Chemical, Energy and Environmental Engineering Faculty of
Environmental and Urban Engineering, Osaka, Japan
yhideki@kansai-u.ac.jp
ABSTRACT
In order to more effectively utilize precious oil resources and take appropriate
consideration of their environmental loads, it is important to analyze the physical
properties and reactivities of oils based on their molecular structure and composition.
Asphaltenes, a constituent of crude and heavy oils, are highly complex mixtures of
polycyclic organic compounds with large variations in skeletal structure. Asphaltenes
tend to form agglomerates, the sizes and stabilities of which are considered to have an
influence on the physical properties and reactivities of the heavy oils. The agglomeration
behaviors of asphaltenes are complicated, since the size and shape of the agglomerates
vary significantly, depending on the kind of crude oil and solvent temperature used
during processing. Asphaltene agglomeration proceeds mainly through π stacking
interactions (π–π interactions) between polycyclic aromatic clusters; the number of rings
as well as the number and properties of the substituted aliphatic side-chain/polar
functional groups of the compounds deter-mines the cohesive force of these interactions.
For effective suppression of asphaltene agglomeration, identification of the various
intermolecular interactions between the molecules is required. The Hansen solubility
parameters (HSPs) of asphaltenes extracted from oil sand bitumen samples produced at
Athabasca, Canada and also from a vacuum residue fraction produced in the Middle East
were determined by the Hansen solubility sphere method. For calculation of HSPs, the
solubilities of asphaltenes were determined using a dynamic light scattering (DLS)
method by dissolving or dispersing the asphaltenes in various solvents and measuring the
particle size distributions thereof. The particle diameters of asphaltenes in good solvents
were lower than its detection limit (< 1 nm). It was demonstrated in the present study that
asphaltenes differing in elemental composition had different HSP factor values
corresponding to dispersion, dipole interaction, and hydrogen-bonding forces (δd, δp, and
δh, respectively). Experimental results suggested that the differences in HSP values of the
asphaltenes were influenced by the H/C ratio, oxygen content, and average asphaltene
molecular weight.
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Design of a Three-dimensional Blade of

Low Solidity Circular Cascade Diffusers by Multi-Point Optimization
Daisaku Sakaguchi, Min Thaw Tun

daisaku@nagasaki-u.ac.jp
ABSTRACT
A three dimensional blade of a low solidity circular cascade diffuser in centrifugal

blowers is successfully designed by means of a multi-point optimization technique. The
optimization aims at improving a static pressure coefficient at a design point and at a
small flow rate condition while constraining a slope of the lift coefficient curve.
Moreover, clear definition of secondary flow expressed by positive radial velocity at hub
side is taken into consideration in constraints. The number of design parameters for three
dimensional blades reaches to 10 in this study, such as a radial gap, a radial chord length
and mean camber angle distribution of the LSD blade with five control points, control
point between hub and shroud with two design of freedom. Optimization results show
clear Pareto front and selected optimum design shows good improvement of pressure rise
in diffuser at small flow rate conditions. It is found that three dimensional blade has
advantage to stabilize the secondary flow effect with improving pressure recovery in the
low solidity circular cascade diffuser.
Keywords: Multi-point optimization, Low solidity cascade diffuser, Flow range

enhancement
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Antennas and Propagation for Agricultural Applications
Monai Krairiksh
King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Thailand
icitee2015@it.kmitl.ac.th
ABSTRACT
Antennas and propagation is generally a research field applied for wireless

communications. Nevertheless, it can be applied to agriculture which is the basis of
countries in various parts of the world where climate is suitable for growing variety of
fruits, vegetable, etc. Nondestructive determination of dielectric properties of materials is
essential in various applications to monitor the nature of an object. Apart from many
techniques like near infrared (NIR), X-ray, ultrasonic, and so on, a microwave based
technique is of interest due to its low cost, high accuracy, and small size. In this talk the
objective is to discuss the problem in fruit production. The principle of sensor design will
be illustrated along with some examples of the sensors based on antennas and
propagation. One of the examples is a novel way to determine in situ the ripening of
fruits and how they can be applied in real time applications. We proposed to use a free
space measurement technique used in RCS measurements and use the natural resonant
frequency concepts to estimate the variation of the dielectric properties with time, and
thereby relate to the physical characteristics of the fruit. This methodology has been
applied to determine the quality of fruits like Durian, Mangosteen and the like. It is,
hopefully, expected to be an appropriate technology for people in ASEAN community.
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Inclusive Flood Disaster Risk Reduction in the Bago River Basin
Akiyuki Kawasaki, Win Win Zin, Ralph Acierto, Takenori Shimozono,

Yoshimitsu Tajima, Seemanta Bhagabati, Naruhiko Shirai, Naohiko Kohtake
Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Japan
kawasaki@hydra.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp
ABSTRACT
Initial research results, progress and future plan of research and development project on
inclusive flood disaster risk reduction were summarized. In particular, following four
research areas were featured: 1) seasonal rainfall simulation; 2) tidal characteristics; 3)
inundation modelling; and 4) stakeholders requirement analysis. We use the Bago River
basin as a study area.
Keywords: Flood, Inundation model, Tidal characteristics, Climate change, Stakeholder

workshop
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Controlling the Morphology of ZnO: Al Nanowires Grown by

Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis
Sai Myo Than Htay, Yoshio Hashimoto

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,
Institute of Carbon Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Japan
myoth@shinshu-u.ac.jp
ABSTRACT
This paper reported about a novel process to control the morphology of Al doped ZnO
nanowires utilizing an ultrasonic spray pyrolysis technique. It was observed that the
diameter and the length of nanowires could be controlled by adjusting the concentration
of methanol in the precursor solvents. It was also found that the growth temperature was
an important factor influencing the morphology of nanowires grown by the ultrasonic
spray pyrolysis technique.
Keywords: ZnO, Nanowires, Ultrasonic spray pyrolysis, Oxide semiconductor, Nanocrystals

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Existence of the Starting Energy of

the Surface Wave Oscillator in BSW Region
Min Thu San, Kazuo Ogura, Kiyoyuki Yambe, Yuta Annaka,

Junpei Fujita, Shuto Matsui, Kazuma Iwato
Electrical and Information Engineering,
Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Japan
f15l001g@mail.cc.niigata-u.ac.jp
ABSTRACT
We experimentally studied the K- and G-band oversized surface wave oscillators driven
by the weakly relativistic electron beams. The meaningful radiation is started at the beam
energy of about 20 keV for both oscillators. A cavity method using a vector network
analyzer (VNA) is experimentally studied to analysis the dispersion curve into two
regions: bounded surface-wave (BSW) and hybrid surface-wave (HSW). By the
numerical and experimental results, we showed that the starting energy is in the BSW
region.
Keywords: G-band oscillator, K-band oscillator, Starting energy, Surface wave

oscillator, Vector network analyzer
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Performance Analysis of Renewable Energy Sources

Coordination to Distribution System
Khaing Chan Myae Win, Okkar Soe, Wint Wint Kyaw

dr.khaingchanmyaewin@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Modern society generally expects high reliability power supply. Electricity interruption
may cause high damage to consumers. Most of load interruptions are due to voltage and
load fluctuation in distribution systems. To be reliable distribution system, load
fluctuation can be reduced by equalling the fluctuated load and generated power from the
renewable energy sources. To improve the reliability of existing distribution network, the
renewable energy sources with control techniques are applied Industrial Zone 1 in
Mandalay is tested for renewable energy sources coordination to distribution system. One
of these coordination models was presented in this This paper proposes a real-time
switching power management to control supply and demand power, switched filters, and
PV inverters, for minimizing the active power loss. In addition, impacts of voltage and
load fluctuation on each interested load point are also presented. The simulation for the
proposed reliable distribution system is demonstrated by MATLAB in different condition
and the simulation results are analysed for a case of fluctuated industrial loads in
Myanmar. In the study area, reliability efficiency is 0% when breakdown condition.
According to the results, the stability is greatly improved by 54.79%. The proposed
model and methods are applicable to not only Industrial zone which have conventional
distribution system but also emergency load condition in which priority consumer loads.
Keyword: Photovoltaic system, Biomass generation system, Real radiation data,

Synchronizing technique, Demand side management
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Analysis on Performance of
DC Microgrid under Fault Condition
Ya Min Soe, Soe Soe Ei Aung, Zarchi Linn

Department of Electrical Power Engineering, Yangon Technological University
yaminsoe.lpt@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
DC Microgrid is the high quality electric power by using DC distribution focused on the
development of renewable energy resources such as photovoltaic cells, wind turbines,
fuel cells and etc. In this system, DC grid is connected to the AC utility grid through
AC/DC rectifier and several distributed generations are connected to DC line through
converters in order to improve the reliability of the power system. Most of the faults
cause on overhead lines of power system. When a fault occur on a power system, it is
very important to check quickly, to detect it, to find its definite location and to restore
power system as soon as possible. In this paper, the configurations of dc microgrid
system and control methods of distributed generation are expressed. Moreover, fault on
source side, fault on load side and fault on DC transmission line are analyzed. Faults are
shown single line to ground fault for generation side and load side and line to line fault
for DC transmission side. In order to identify the various faults characteristics of DC
Microgrid, simulation results are performed with Matlab/ Simulink Software.
Keywords: DC microgrid, Distributed generation, High quality power, Converters,

Faults
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Analytical Study for the Design of

Diode Arrays Side Pumped Neodymium doped YAG Laser
Minn Minn Aung

Defence Services Science and Technology Research Center, Pyin Oo Lwin
minthuraaung4@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
This work describes the theoretical research on the high power laser running at base on
Neodymium doped YAG crystal and diode side pumping method. Efficient design was
mainly applied to construct the continuous wave mode prototype. By using FORTRAN
90 and MATLAB programming languages, dependence of output power to the
reflectivity of output coupler is simulated and optimum reflectivity is calculated. This
paper presented here is based on earlier publications in research literature. The values of
output power, threshold pump power and all factors of efficiencies were taken to get
optimum values from these papers.
Keywords: Neodymium doped YAG crystal, Diode-pumping, Continuous wave,

Efficiencies, Threshold pump-power, Laser output power
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Evaluation of Distance Protection Setting in

Extra High Voltage Transmission line in Myanmar
Ko Ko Aung, Soe Soe Ei Aung, Oakar Soe

kokoaung256@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The main objective of this paper is to protect transmission line is very important aspect
when we consider the security of the power system as it is used to transfer bulk power
from one area to other. Various protection schemes are used to protect the transmission
line like over-current protection, distance protection, etc. The distance protection of the
transmission line gives us the more reliable and fast decision making capability to detect
and locate fault in the zone of protection and provides the information about trip or no
trip. EHV/HV long transmission transmits large power, it is very important to clear any
fault occurred in the transmission line. The protective relay operates when internal and
external fault is occurred in the power system. The aim of this paper is the relay which
operates through the faults in accordance with setting value of relay plug setting
multiplier (current setting) and time multiplier setting.
Keywords: Symmetrical & unsymmetrical fault, Distance relay, Relay setting

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Geochemical Fraction of Chromium in Unsaturated Soil in

Kotagede District, Yogyakarta City, Indonesia
Saw Aung Zaw Aye

Department of Geology, Yangon University
sawthataw2@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Chromium (Cr) is one of the most pollutants that impact the soil of urban environment.
Urbanization in Yogyakarta city has taken place soil contamination due to human
activities. The aim of this study is to determine the geochemical fraction of chromium
and bioavailability in urban soil. The study area, Kotagede district, the oldest urban area
is located in the south eastern part of Yogyakarta Special Province. The soil sampling
was drilled by hand auger until 7 meter and sampled for each 1 m depth started from the
surface. Six steps of sequential extraction procedures were carried out for the
geochemical fraction of chromium. The highest amount of chromium is found in
amorphous iron oxide with the average value of 65.0%. Exchangeable of chromium in
geochemical fraction is shown as negligible amount. Because of high concentration
chromium in amorphous iron oxide fraction, chromium is in poor mobilization,
bioavailability in the study area.
Keywords: Chromium, Sequential extraction, Geochemical fraction, Bioavailability,

Amorphous iron oxide
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Geology and Geochemical Studies of Lithium

Bearing Pyingyi Taung Pegmatites, Singu
Township, Mandalay Region
Zaw Myo Htet, Han Sein

Department of Material Science and Technology,
Defense Services Sciences and Technology Research Center
zawmyohtet793@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The pegmatite occurrences at the Singu area are located at Pyingyi Taung, 7 km
northeast of Letpanhla village. It is situated between latitudes 22º35' 00"N to 22º 32'
45"N and longitudes 96º 06' 00"E to 96º 09' 00"E in Singu Township, Mandalay
Region. The mineralization of Pyingyi Taung pegmatite is LCT pegmatite. Its
characteristic features are the abundance of rubellite (both gem quality and opaque), and
lithium mineral. The alteration of Pyingyi Taung pegmatite occur silicification and
kaolinization.
Keywords: Lithium, Rubellite, Silicification, Kaolinization, Software, SPSS 16.0.0

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The Classification and Origin of the Ngrayong Sandstones in the

Madura Island, North-East Java Basin, Indonesia
Paike Htwe, Aye Aye Khaing, Saw Aung Zaw Aye

Geology Department, Magway University
ph.geology.mgu@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The study area, Madura Island is located in the North-East Java Basin. The early Middle
Miocene Ngrayong Formation is an important petroleum reservoir in North-East Java
Basin. It is well exposed in the central highland area of Madura Island. The Ngrayong
Formation is mainly composed of sandstones. The purpose of present study is to
determine the classification and origin of sandstone based on the mineral composition.
Generally, Ngrayong Formation consists of four types of sandstone facies which are
thickly bedded medium grained sandstones (Sm), heterolithic sandstones (Sh), fine
grained sandstones (Sf) and grey siltstones (Fc). The thickly bedded medium grained
sandstones and dark grey siltstones are sub-arkosic sandstone though the heterolithic
sandstones are arkose. The fine grained sandstones are represented by arkose, litharenite
and sublitharenite. Based on the climate and origin ternary diagram, thickly bedded
medium grained sandstone, fine grained sandstone and dark grey siltstones are both
metamorphic and plutonic origin. The heterolithic sandstones are only plutonic origin.
However, all of Ngrayong Sandstones were coming from humid climate.
Keywords: Sandstone, Quartz, Feldspar, Metamorphic, Plutonic

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Vein Textures and Ore Mineralogy of

Onzon-Kanbani Gold Deposits, Thabeikkyin Township,
Mandalay Region, Myanmar
Aung Tay Zar, I Wayan Warmada, Lucas Donny Setijadji,

Kotaro Yonezu, Koichiro Watanabe
Department of Geological Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,
Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarata, Indonesia
aungtayzar99@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Onzon-Kandani gold deposits are located in Thabeikkyin Township, Mandalay Region

and Central Myanmar. Local small-scale gold mines and many artisanal (gold panning)
working are started from last three decades ago. This area is the eastern border of
generally N-S trending Mogoke Metamorphic Belt and mainly underlain by metamorphic
rocks such as marble, gneiss and calc-silicate rock. Plutonic rocks are intruded into older
metasedimentary rocks. Mineralization mainly hosted in marble as veins or fracture
filling type where banded, crustiform, combo, cockcade, breccia and vuggy quartz
textures are characteristic features of quartz veins. Lattice texture calcite is also found in
vein. The common occurrence of ore minerals are pyrite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, galena,
marcasite, electrum, native gold, chalcocite, covellite, hematite and goethite. Pyrite,
sphalerite and galena are the principal sulphides. Hematite, goethite, chalcocite and
covellite occur as late minerals. Gold are found as two difference types ‘native gold’ and
‘electrum’. Native gold are found in base metal quartz-carbonate vein whereas electrum
are occurred as a large grains in gold bearing quartz vein.
Keywords: Mogoke metamorphic belt (MMB), Lattice texture, Native gold and electrum
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Application Petrophysical Rock Typing Enhance Reservoir

Description for “E” Sand Oligocene Formation,
Nam Vang Oilfield, Mekong Basin
Thanh Hung Vo, Jarot Setyowiyoto

Geological Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering
Universitas Gadjah Mada,Yogjakarta, Indonesia
vothanhhung198090@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The most challenge for geoscientists and reservoir engineers is to improve an

understanding of reservoir descriptions (fluid flow capacity). This is defined as the best
representative reservoir properties in a reservoir simulation model. Poorly described
reservoir characteristic can lead to a significant impact in reservoir performance
prediction and its future production behaviors. There are two main parameters in
reservoir properties such as porosity and permeability. This relationship is commonly
derived from wireline log and core calibrated. Both Hydraulic Flow Unit (HFU) and
Petrophysical Rock Type (PRT) analysis are predominantly using porosity and
permeability core data. The HFU classification was carried by Stratigraphic Modified
Lorenz Plot (SMLP) and Discrete Rock Typing (DRT) methods, While PRT
identification was based on the Flow Zone Indicator (FZI) comcept from modified
Kozeny and Carmen equation and Winland R35 plot. In this study the routine core data is
used to improve generalized permeability and porosity relationship for characterize E
Formation by HFU concept. Beside that the SCAL data will show the petrophysical rock
types are in line with capillary pressure profiles and different water saturations will
affected hydrocacbon pore volume.
Keywords: Rock Type, HFU, FZI, Core Data, Winland R35

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Geology and Ore Mineralization of

the Tumpang Pitu Prospect Area in Banyuwangi Regency,
East Java Province, Indonesia
Yu Yu Myaing, Arifudin Idrus, Anastasia Dewi Titisari

Geology Department, Mandalay University
yuyumyaing.yym@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The Tumpang Pitu prospect area is located in the south coast of East Java, Banyuwangi
Regency, East Java province, Indonesia. This area lies within the central portion of the
Ceonozoic Sunda‐Banda magmatic arc which trends southeast from northern Sumatra to
west Java then eastward through east Java, Bali, Lombok, Sumbawa and terminated at
Banda sea. The geology of the Tumpang Pitu is predominantly occupied by Late
Oligocene to Middle Miocene low-K calc-alkaline to alkaline andesitic volcanic and
interbedded with volcaniclastic rock sequences, which are associated with low-K
intermediate intrusions and minor shallow water marine sedimentary rocks. The
mineralization styles at Tumpang Pitu is composed of Au‐rich porphyry Cu system and it
is typically associated with high‐sulfidation (HS) epithermal Au-(Cu) system. This
mineralization formed networks and arrays of sulfides and veins. The presence of
enargite, possibly luzonite and acidic hydrothermal conditions (eg., alunite and
kaolinite)to indicate this area is the characterization of HS epithermal gold prospect.
Keywords: Geology, Ore Mineralization, HS epithermal gold, Tumpang Pitu

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Effect of Chitosan on Dyeability of

Cotton Fabric Dyed with Natural Dye Extract
Thin Sandar Oo, Htay Htay, Oo Oo Khin

Department of Textile Engineering, Yangon Technological University
thinsandaroo@ytu.edu.mm
ABSTRACT
This research is concerned with investigation on the influence of chitosan treatment on

dyeability of cotton fabric. In this work, natural dye was extracted from leaves of Indian
almond in water medium. Before dyeing operation, cotton fabric was treated with three
different concentrations of chitosan and pad-dry-cure method was used for chitosan
treatment. Then, chitosan treated and untreated fabrics were dyed with the extracted
natural dye and cold dyeing method was used for all dyeing operations. The colour yield,
colour difference and fastness properties of chitosan treated and untreated dyed samples
were analysed and evaluated. The effect of chitosan concentration on dye absorption of
samples was also investigated. All the chitosan treated dyed samples had higher colour
saturation compared with untreated dyed samples and fabric treated with 1.5% chitosan
had higher K/S value. The impact of chitosan treatment and natural dye extract on
strength and stiffness of chitosan treated and untreated dyed samples were also examined.
There was no strength loss due to the chitosan treatment and chitosan treated dyed
samples were stiffer than the untreated one.
Keywords: Cotton, Chitosan, Natural dye, Dyeability

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Analysis of UV Protective Effect on

Cotton and Polyester/Cotton Blended Fabrics Dyed with
Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus Globulus) Leaf Extract
Ei Ei Phyoe, Swe Swe Hnin, Kyi Pyar Win

eieiphyoetextile@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
In this study, the dye solution is extracted from eucalyptus leaf by using reflux condenser
and this solution is used as dye liquor. During the dyeing process, cotton and
polyester/cotton blended fabrics are dyed with 100 % concentration of eucalyptus leaf
extract solution by using exhaustion method. Three types of mordant, such as, ferrous (II)
sulphate heptahydrate (FeSO47H2O), copper (II) sulphate pentahydrate (CuSO45H2O) and
aluminium potassium sulphate dodecahydrate (AlK(SO4)212H2O), respectively are
applied by using simultaneous dyeing and mordanting method. After dyeing, UV
protective property of dyed fabrics is tested and analysed. And then, these results are
compared and discussed. The best UV protective property is obtained when cotton and
polyester/cotton blended fabrics are dyed with (FeSO47H2O) mordant. The colour and
colour depth of the fabrics are related to UV transmittance percentages in which light
colours transmit more radiation than dark colours. Moreover, this research confirms that
the extract solution from eucalyptus leaves can be not only applied for dyeing but also
produced UV protective effect on dyed fabrics.
Keywords: Extraction of natural dye, Eucalyptus leaves, UV protective effect, Cotton

fabric, Polyester/cotton blended fabric, Colour depth
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Effect of Chitosan on Functional Characteristics of Cotton Fabric

Thin Thin Khaing, Ei Htwe Maw, Thin Sandar Oo
thinthinkhine87@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
This research is concerned with the study of effect of chitosan treatment on functional
characteristics of cotton fabric. In this study, cotton fabric is treated with different
concentrations of chitosan 1%, 1.5% and 2% at three different curing temperatures
120˚C, 140˚C and 160˚C respectively by means of pad-dry-cure method. After that,
physical properties such as fabric weight, air permeability, fabric stiffness and breaking
strength of treated fabrics are analysed and compared with that of untreated fabric. To
evaluate the effect of concentrations of chitosan and curing temperatures on the
antimicrobial activity of the treated fabrics, qualitative analysis is carried out against
Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus pumilus) and Gram-
negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albican, Escherichia coli) bacteria.
Furthermore, the effect of concentrations of chitosan and curing temperatures on
flammability and crease recovery of the treated fabrics are also investigated.
Additionally, soil release characteristic of the chitosan treated and untreated fabrics is
examined using three different types of stains: hot coffee, corn oil and cooked oil (fried
with turmeric powder). Making reference to this study, the antimicrobial activity is the
same as for both 1.5% and 2% chitosan treated samples. All of the chitosan treated
samples decrease burn rate in both warp and filling directions and the optimum result has
achieved with 2% chitosan. The stain release grade of all of the chitosan treated samples
is 3 at all stain mediums. There is no strength loss and even increase in strength because
of chitosan treatment.
Keywords: Cotton, Chitosan, Pad-dry-cure, Antimicrobial activity, Flammability,

Crease recovery
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Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of Cotton Fabric Treated with

Neem Leaf (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) Extract
Ohnmar Tun, Oo Oo Khin, Aye Aye Soe

starohnmar@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The purpose of the present study is to produce eco-friendly antibacterial cotton fabric by
using neem leaf extract in order to protect the skin of the wearer from micro-organism
contaminations. Firstly, the antibacterial agent is extracted from neem leaves extract with
ethanol using Soxhlet extraction method. The identification of major compounds is
carried out by using phytochemical test. The cotton fabrics are finished with neem leaf
extract and these samples are then treated with citric and acetic acid as a crosslinking
agent using the pad-dry-cure method. The antibacterial activity of finished fabric is
qualitatively evaluated by the agar disc diffusion method. The antibacterial activity of
treated cotton fabric is tested against pathogenic bacteria like Bacillus subtilis,
Staphylococus aureus, Bacillus pumilu, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albican and
Escherichia coli. It is observed that no bacterial growth under and on the treated sample
as compared to the untreated sample gives the antibacterial activity of the fabric. Among
the treated samples with various concentrations of neem leaf extract (3 g/l, 5g/l, and 7
g/l), the samples treated with 7g/l concentration of neem leaf extract and citric acid at the
curing temperatures of 110ºC and 120ºC shows a maximum antibacterial activity. The
results prove that the treated samples show a good ability to inhibit the tested organisms.
Keywords: Neem, Soxhlet, Phytochemical test, Crosslinking agent, Pad-dry-cure,

Antibacterial activity
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Investigation on the Hydrophobic Properties of

Cotton and Rayon Fabrics
Hnin Lae Phyu Soe, Ei Htwe Maw, Swe Swe Hnin

Hninlaephyusoehnin@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The main purpose of this research is to produce the hydrophobic finished fabrics. In this
study, hydrophobic finishes on cellulosic fabrics are done by using different compositions
of polyurethane and silicone oil. Firstly, cellulosic fabrics (cotton and rayon),
polyurethane and silicone oil are collected from local market and fabric analysis is
carried out according to the testing procedures. Secondly, five different compositions of
hydrophobic finishing solution are prepared to give the finishing treatment with the
selected fabrics. Thirdly, the treated fabrics are subjected to heat treatment under a
thermal press. Finally, the hydrophobic properties of treated fabric such as wetting by
wicking and spray rating are tested. It is found that the finished fabric shows the rating of
90 for 80-20% and 90-10% compositions. Moreover, the surface morphology of all
treated fabrics is studied by using polarising microscope.
Keywords: Hydrophobic, Cellulosic fabrics, Polyurethane, Silicone oil, Wetting by

wicking, Spray rating, Surface morphology
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Formaldehyde Free Crease Resistant Finishing of

Cellulosic Fabrics Using Citric Acid and Selective Chemical Additives
Ni Ni Thinn, Kyi Pyar Win, Thin Sandar Oo

ninichitpon@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The aims of this research are to evaluate the effect of crease resistant finish on light
weight 100% cotton and rayon fabrics with various concentrations of crosslinking resins
and to be used for casual wear, night dress, work cloth and blouses. In order to find out
the effect of crease resistant treatment, different recipes (including citric acid, magnesium
chloride, polyethylene emulsion, acrylic emulsion and non-ionic wetting agent) are
treated on light weight 100% cotton and rayon fabrics. Six different concentrations of
resins are prepared by using various formaldehyde free crosslinking agent or citric acids
(1%, 3%, and 5%) and different amounts of polyethylene emulsion (40 g/l and 60 g/l)
while the rest catalysts are kept in constant. The value of pH is used about 4 ± 0.2 in all
recipes. The cellulosic fabrics are treated with various resins by means of Pad-dry-cure
method. Finally, the crease resistant finished fabrics are analysed, compared and
discussed. Formaldehyde free crease resistant treatment is recommended for cotton and
rayon fabrics as it is found that the improvement of crease resistant performance.
Keywords: Cellulosic fabrics, Formaldehyde free crosslinking agent, Crease resistant

resins, Crease resistant treatments, Key characteristics of crease resistant
finished fabrics.
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Abrasion Resistance of Aggregate Consisting of

Limestone and Shale
Amarin Boontun, Pattarapong Pluppon, Natt Malee

Department of Mining and Petroleum Engineering,
Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
amarin@eng.cmu.ac.th
ABSTRACT
In some limestone mines, the sequence of limestone and shale layers can be found and
usually mined at the same time. The chance of mixing between limestone and shale is
occurred. The percentage of shale in limestone aggregate will affect the resistance and
other properties that may not accept as construction materials. This paper presents the
results of the tests that were conducted to observe the abrasion resistance of the mixed
aggregate consisting of limestone and shale. The rock samples were collected from
limestone mines for abrasion resistance tests using Los Angeles machine. The main
aggregate is limestone while the percentage of shale is altered. The percentage of wear
values and uniformity factors of each test are observed.
Keywords: Limestone; Shale; Aggregate; Abrasion resistance; Los Angeles machine;

Percentage of wear; Uniformity factor
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Masaki Nakano, Akihiro Yamashita, Takeshi Yanai, and Hirotoshi Fukunaga

mnakano@nagasaki-u.ac.jp
ABSTRACT
Isotropic Nd-Fe-B thick-film magnets have been prepared using a pulsed laser deposition
(PLD) method with the control of laser energy density followed by a post annealing. The
characteristics of the method are a high deposition rate up to several ten microns per hour
together with a reliability of magnetic properties due to the good transfer of composition
from a Nd-Fe-B target to a film. Several micro-machines comprising the isotropic Nd-Fe-
B films such as a miniaturized dc motor and a swimming machine in liquid were
demonstrated. Furthermore, the deposition of isotropic Nd (or Pr)-Fe-B thick-film
magnets on a Si or glass substrate was carried out to apply the films to various MEMS.
Keywords: Pulsed laser deposition (PLD), Thick-film magnet, Nd-Fe-B, Post annealing,
MEMS
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Behavior of Three Different Types of Solution catalysts over

Three Different Growth Temperatures for
the Growth of Random Type Carbon Nanotube Arrays
Aung Thu Ya, Nay Soe Aung, Myint Naing Oo, Zaw Htun Lwin, Hlaing Zaw Oo
Nanotechnology Sub Department, Pyin Oo Lwin
thuya28891@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The major objective of this study was to examine the behavior of different catalyst
solutions using the three different growth temperatures in order to produce the uniform,
fully-grown random type CNT arrays with high yield. A procedure for the production of
random arrays of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with high yield using standard chemical
vapor deposition (CVD) is reported. With the aim of knowing behavior of three different
type of solution catalysts (Copper, Cobalt, Nickel), three experiments were carried out
over three different growth temperature (800°C, 850°C ,900°C). Scanning electron
microscope (Agilent Technology, 8500 FE-SEM) shows the different behavior of three
different types of solution catalyst over three different growth temperature. From the
SEM results, it is worth to note that uniformly and fully-grown random type CNT arrays
with high purity can be achieved by the correct selection of catalyst solution type and
appropriate growth temperature.
Keywords: Chemical vapor deposition, Scanning electron microscope, Copper, Cobalt,

Nickel, Growth temperature, Random type carbon nanotube array
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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 133
Estimation of Waste Resource Recovery from

the Daily Collected Wastes in Yangon
Maw Maw Tun, Dagmar Juchelková

Department of Energy Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering,
VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, Czech Republic
maw.maw.tun.st@vsb.cz
ABSTRACT
Yangon is the largest and most densely populated city with a population of over 7 million
in Myanmar. The city has been facing challenges of waste management system due to
rapid urbanization, increasing population and changes in public consumption patterns.
The daily waste disposals to open dumpsites cause loss of waste resources, and threaten
to the public health and environment in Yangon. In this paper, the study aims at
estimating waste resource recovery from the daily collected wastes in Yangon, based
primarily on 2011-2012 survey data. Rates of Recycling (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%) are
considered to estimate how much waste resource could be recovered in combination with
Waste-to-energy (Incineration), Anaerobic Digestion, Composting and Landfill. To
make best estimates of recyclable materials, energy and Greenhouse gas emission savings
from the daily collected wastes, GHG Calculator, LFG Energy Benefits Calculator and
Energy from Waste Calculator are used. As a result, Integrated Solid Waste Management
System (ISWMS) with higher recycling rates is found to yield higher potential savings of
recyclable materials, energy and CO2-eq emissions except a sharp decrease in renewable
electricity from the daily collected wastes. Finally, it is concluded that ISWMS with
higher recycling rates could lead to higher waste resource recovery rates for planning and
designing the future waste management in Yangon.
Keywords: Recycling, Waste-to-energy, Anaerobic digestion, Composting, Landfill,

Waste resource recovery in Yangon
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Study on Performance Analysis of Airfoil Centrifugal Fan
Mya Mya Khaing, Mi Sanda Mon

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yangon Technological University
myamyakhaing.ytu@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The design, construction and performance measurement of a centrifugal fan were carried
out in the previous research. The airfoil blade, NACA 0015 has been designed. The
number of impeller blades was chosen as eight. Then the constructed centrifugal fan was
examined to measure the performance at various running velocities such as 750, 1000,
1500 and 2000rpm. In the design of impellers, the total performance of the fan was
mainly considered. The inner and outer diameters of impeller are 0.127m and 0.355m.
The impeller width is 5cm and then constructed. After constructing impeller and volute
casing, they were tested at various speeds. Although the design speed was 1500 rpm,
other speeds such as 750,1000, 1500 and 2000rpm were also tested. The desired speed
was controlled by variable speed motor and measured by tachometer. After testing these
designed impellers at various speeds, their performance curves were drawn for each
speed. And then the comparison of performance curves for each impeller at various
speeds was done. In this research, study on the performance curves of airfoil blades
centrifugal fan with various speeds has shown encouraging results:
(1) Characteristic curves of an airfoil blade centrifugal fan test approximate to the
characteristic curves described in the theoretical discussions.
(2) The speed effect on performance curves can be verified from this research work.
Keywords: Impeller, Volute casing, Specific speed, Performance curve, Pressure

coefficient, Flow coefficient
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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 135
Energy Analysis on 300W SP Solar Photovoltaic Generator (PV)
Kyaw Wyn Htun, Mi Sandar Mon, Soe Soe Nu

Mechanical Engineering Department, Yangon Technological University
lamin029@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The main objective of this paper is to gain insight into the energy achievement of
300W/12V SP photovoltaic generator with the whole year. The amount of photovoltaic
energy achievement is based on output power and sunshine hours. The output power of
PV is based on solar insolation. To get the maximum output power, the PV panel must be
received the maximum solar insolation. When the PV panel is with the best tilt angle, it
will be received the maximum insolation. The other factor concerned with PV output
power is cell temperature that is connected with ambient temperature. The location on
analysis is Insein (latitude = 16.888º N), Yangon. Analysis results are presented here and
compared with experiment.
Keywords: Energy, SP photovoltaic, Power, Location, Insein

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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 136
Copper-Zinc Oxide-Based Catalyst Coated with Porous Silica for

Hydrogenation of Carbon Dioxide into Methanol
Tetsuo Umegaki, Yoshiyuki Kojima, Kohji Omata

College of Science and Technology, Nihon University, Japan
umegaki.tetsuo@nihon-u.ac.jp
ABSTRACT
In the present study, copper-zinc oxide–based catalyst coated by porous silica for
hydrogenation of carbon dioxide into methanol was fabricated. A commercial catalyst
was coated with silica by a sol-gel method. In this process, cetyltrimethylammonium
bromide (CTAB) was added as an organic template during the coating process. The
amount of CTAB influenced in morphology and physicochemical properties of the
catalyst. The results from TEM images and N2 sorption measurement indicated that both
the coated silica particles and the catalyst particles with highly dispersed and porous
structure was obtained by appropriate amount of CTAB added in the coating process of
silica. The silica-coated catalyst prepared with appropriate amount of CTAB displayed a
high activity at high temperatures, indicating that silica-coated catalyst showed stable
catalytic activity.
Keywords: Silica-coated copper-zinc oxide based catalyst, CTAB, Hydrogenation of

carbon dioxide into methanol
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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 137
Preparation and Characterization of Transparent Rice Straw Cellulose

Hydrogel Films by Phase Inversion Method
Cho Cho, Cho Cho Thet, Nang Sanda Myint, Wut Yee Aye
Universities’ Research Centre (URC), University of Yangon
chocho.urc@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Transparent rice straw cellulose hydrogel films were successfully prepared by phase
inversion method without cross-linker. Rice straw was used as a starting material which
was successively pretreated with acid (HCl), base (NaOH) and sodium hypochloride
(NaOCl). Treated fiber using with dimethylacetamide/lithium chloride (DMAc/ LiCl)
system was used to obtain cellulose hydrogel solutions. The hydrogel films prepared by
phase inversion method were transparent and flexible. UV-vis, FTIR and SEM
measurements were utilized to characterize the properties of prepared samples.
Antimicrobial activities of cellulose solutions were tested for the purpose of using
hydrogel films to biomedical applications.
Keywords: Cellulose, Hydrogel, Phase inversion, Antimicrobial activities

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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 138
Alkylation of β-Dicarbonyl Compounds Using Alcohols in

the Presence of NaHSO4/SiO2 Under Microwave Irradiation
Tadashi Aoyama, Mamiko Hayakawa and Akihiko Ouchi

Department of Materials and Applied Chemistry, College of Science and Technology
Nihon University, Japan
aoyama.tadashi@nihon-u.ac.jp
ABSTRACT
Simple and efficient procedure for the alkylation of β-dicarbonyl compounds has been
developed from alcohol and β-dicarbonyl compounds in the presence of silica-gel
supported sodium hydrogen sulfate (NaHSO4/SiO2) under irradiation of micro wave.
Many reactions promoted under solvent free condition and gave desired product in good
to excellent yield.
Keywords: Microwave, Solvent free, Solid acid, Alcohol, Alkylation

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Microbiological Analysis on
Different Types and Storage Conditions of Shrimp Paste
Moe Theingi Hlaing, Khin Thet Ni, Cho Cho Oo, Zeya Oo
Industrial Chemistry Department, Dagon University
moetheingi@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Shrimp paste being the seasonal goods, is stored at least one year. Lower deterioration of
amino acid in shrimp paste is required from the aspect of quality products. In this
research, four types of storage conditions such as earthen jar, plastic container, plastic
bag and glass bottle were used. Type of shrimp paste (paste form, powder form and tablet
form) and container for storage (glass, plastic and glazed earthen pot) were influencing
factors to assess the quality of shrimp paste products. Qualitative and quantitative
determination of microorganisms in different shrimp paste samples was conducted.
Determination of total plate counts (TPC), Coliform, E.coli and salmonella were carried
out for processed shrimp paste and commercial shrimp paste including Thailand and
Malaysia products. Among the total plate counts, the TPC of shrimp paste in tablet form
was found to be the lowest value of 300 cfu/g.
Keywords: Shrimp paste, Microorganism, Total plate count, Coliform, E.coli,

Salmonella
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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 140
Nile Red Fluorescence Regulation in Stimuli-Responsive Polymeric

Micelle of Poly (Acrylic Acid-b-N-Isopropylacrylamide)
Min Min Yee, Shin-ichi Yusa and Kenichi Nakashima

Department of Chemistry, Loikaw University
minmyee@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The fluorescence ON-OFF regulation of Nile Red (NR) by using stimuli-responsive

polymeric micelle of poly (acrylic acid-b-N-isopropylacrylamide) (PAA-b-PNIPAM) has
been studied. Fluorescence properties of NR in the micelles are elucidated by observing
various fluorescence parameters such as intensity, polarization, and quantum yield. The
PAA-b-PNIPAM micelles are extensively characterized by dynamic light scattering,
scanning electron microscopy, and electrophoretic light scattering. It is revealed that
PAA-b-PNIPAM forms PNIPAM-core micelles when the temperature of the solution is
elevated up to the lower critical solution temperature of the PNIPAM block and it forms
PAA-core micelles when the anionic PAA block is charge-neutralized with
cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, a cationic surfactant. The fluorescence intensity and
quantum yield are negligibly low (OFF-state) when PAA-b-PNIPAM exists in a form of
unimer, whereas they are remarkably enhanced (ON-state) when the PNIPAM-core or
PAA-core micelles are formed. These facts demonstrate that fluorescence ON-OFF
regulation of NR can be achieved by using micelles of PAA-b-PNIPAM in aqueous
solutions. One of the potential applications of this system is a dual-mode sensor for
detecting temperature and cationic surfactants.
Keywords: Fluorescence, On-off switching, Nile red, Stimuli-responsive, Micelle

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Chemical Gas Sensor Application of Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles for

Acetone, Ethanol, Toluene and Ammonia
Myat Myat Thaw, Maung Maung Myint, Aung Sat

Chemistry Department, Sagaing University
dr.myat.myat.thaw@ gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Nickel oxide nanoparticles were obtained by gravimetric method using dimethyl

glyoxime. Nickel alloy samples were used as the starting material. Nickel alloy samples
are collected near Takaung and Htee Chaik Cities between Mandalay and Sagaing
regions. Nickel oxide nanoparticles were characterized by XRD and FE SEM techniques.
Applications of nickel oxide nanoparticles as chemical gas sensor were done for acetone,
ethanol, toluene and ammonia gases. Among the various metal oxides, NiO gas sensor
was chosen for testing chemical sensing properties toward acetone, ethanol, toluene and
ammonia gases. According to the static environment test, NiO showed sensing properties
with all those four gases. The response and recovery times were about 80 s and 190 s for
8.47 ppm acetone gas, 70 s and 210 s for 16.95 ppm acetone gas and 60 s and 230 s for
25.42 ppm acetone gas, respectively. The response and recovery times were about 80 s
and 220 s for 8.47 ppm ethanol gas, 65 s and 240 s for 16.95 ppm ethanol gas and 45 s
and 400 s for 25.42 ppm ethanol gas, respectively. The response and recovery times were
about 60 s and 210 s for 8.47 ppm toluene gas, 50 s and 220 s for 16.95 ppm toluene gas
and 50 s and 230 s for 25.42 ppm toluene gas, respectively. The response and recovery
times were about 60 s and 400 s for 8.47 ppm ammonia gas, 50 s and 420 s for 16.95 ppm
ammonia gas and 40 s and 470 s for 25.42 ppm ammonia gas, respectively.
Keywords: Nio, Gas sensor, Acetone, Ethanol, Toluene, Ammonia

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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 142
Investigation of the Effect of Different Insulation Layers on

Heat Loss in Downdraft Gasifier
Ei Myat Mon, Aung Myint Soe

Chemical Engineering Department, Yangon Technological University
ei.myat.mon1012@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
In this paper, experimental studies were conducted in the effect of single, double and
triple insulation layers on the heat transfer in biomass downdraft gasification. Initially we
carried out proximate analysis of biomass in terms of moisture content, ash content,
volatile matter content and fixed carbon content by using ASTM method. The single
layer, the inner layer of mild steel was insulated with0.5 inches fire clay cement. The
double layer, the inner layer of mild steel was insulated with 0.5 inches fire clay cement
and the outer layer of it was covered with1.5 inches fire clay cement. The triple layer,
both the inner and the outer layer of mild steel were insulated with fire clay cement which
in turns covered with 0.5 inches asbestos rope. From performance tests result, the effect
of triple layer insulation has the minimum heat loss (355 – 391Btu/hr) and (231–258
Btu/hr) respectively for oxidation zone and reduction zone and it is the maximum heat
saving (12 %) compared with the single and double layers insulation.
Keywords: Downdraft gasifier, Biomass pellet, Heat loss, Layers of insulation, Heat
saving
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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 143
The Potential of Micro Hydropower for

the Rural Electrification of Myanmar
Thet Myo, Kyaw Kyaw, Sandar Myo

United Nations Industrial Development Organization
UNIDO Yangon Office, Yangon
T.MYO@unido.org
ABSTRACT
Myanmar has the population of 51.4 million and out of this, 16.4 million of people can
access to the electricity. Which means only 32% of the population is living with
electricity. Nearly 70% of the population live in rural areas and only 15% of the rural
population has access to the electricity. The Government has being pursuing efforts to
electrify the country and developed a plan namely National Electrification Plan (NEP) in
2014. NEP targets to achieve the electrification rate of 50% of the total population by
2020, 75% by 2025 and 100% by 2030. In the rural electrification plan, it includes the
extension of national grid and implementation of solar home system, micro & mini
hydropower, and bio-mass/gas & diesel power generation for off-grid electrification.
Myanmar has abundant resources of hydropower for electric generations ranging from
micro to large-scale and currently hydropower supplies around 70% of the country's
electricity. This study intends to point out to explore and promote micro hydropower for
electricity supply for rural people in Myanmar. There are many advantages of micro
hydropower such as it is simple to establish, not very much costly and lower
environmental impact. Generally, micro hydropower has been categorized up to 100kW
and it can generate electricity for community in the village level. As Myanmar has four
main rivers, over 200 of large dams and many hilly regions, the potential of micro
hydropower is high and promising for electrification. By implementing micro
hydropower for electricity in rural area, it definitely helps socio-economic development
of the rural people.
Keywords: Rural electrification, Electricity supply, Renewable energy, Micro

hydropower, Socio-economic development in rural areas
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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 144
Space-vector Modulation Based Single-Phase Inverter with

LC Output Filter
Tun Lin Naing

Department of Electrical Power Engineering, Technological University (Pathein)
tunlinthida95@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Energy conversion from DC source to AC source is the main branch in power electronics.
Single-phase inverter with space-vector pulse width modulation control technique is
presented in this paper. SVPWM method is a digital control technique used for
microcontrollers or digital signal processors. The bipolar switching SVPWM controlled
block is developed by MatLab/SimuLink and then explained each sub-block containing
in the main blocks.
Keywords: DC to AC conversion, space-vector PWM, single-phase inverter, MatLab/

imuLink
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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 145
Effect of Coil Current Modulation in a Planar Type

Ar-O2 Inductively Coupled Thermal Plasma
Mai Kai Suan Tial, Yuji Maruyama, Takumi Tsuchiya,

Yasunori Tanaka, Yoshihiko Uesugi, Tatsuo Ishijima
Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science,
Kanazawa University, Japan
maikai@stu.kanazawa-u.ac.jp
ABSTRACT
In this paper, a planar type Ar-O2 inductively coupled thermal plasma system with
current modulation has been developed using a rectangular vessel for large-area material
processing. The modulation frequency was 40 Hz and duty factor was set 51%. The
electrical properties including effective electrical impedance and instantaneous effective
power of the modulated induction thermal plasma at a pressure of 10 Torr and at input
power about 10 kW were studied for the development of planar type Ar-O2 induction
thermal plasma. The effect of coil current modulation was studied for changes in
electrical properties and in emission spectra of thermal plasma during on time and off
time of the modulation cycle.
Keywords: Inductively coupled thermal plasma, Planar ICTP, Modulation, Electrical

impedance, Instantaneous power, Emission spectra
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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 146
Estimation of Power Generation from Plastic Wastes
Aye Mi Mi Khaine, Wanna Swe, Soe Soe Ei Aung

Department of Electrical Power, Yangon Technological University
khainemimikyaw@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Increasingly, untreated municipal waste is being viewed as too valuable a commodity to

relegate to disposal methods that meet objectives solely focussed on environmental and
public health protection and aesthetics. With anticipated global shortages of critical
nutrients such as phosphorus and increasing demand for renewable energy supplies, the
heating value and nutrient content of liquid and solid wastes are ripe for exploitation. In
the case of municipal solid waste (MSW), waste to energy applications are being
implemented world-wide for the purpose of thermally treating waste and recovering
energy in the process. Energy recovery from wastes is consistent with and
complementary to modern integrated waste management practices. Efforts to prevent and
minimize the generation of waste are clearly the most effective use of scarce resources
and avoid environmental issues associated with waste handling, treatment and disposal.
Reuse and recycling follow in the hierarchy, subject to the availability of economically
feasible end-use markets. Energy recovery precedes the final and least favoured option,
which is the land disposal of residual wastes.
Keywords: Polyethylene terephthalate (Pet), Waste management, Alternative source of

electricity, Waste to Energy (WtE) Technologies, Plasma gasification process
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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 147
Active and Reactive Power Control of

Doubly Fed Induction Generator Driven By Wind Turbine
Kyaw Min Tun

Electrical Power Department, Yangon Technological University
starjckstone@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Wind Energy is one of the most important renewable energy due to its eco-friendly
nature. But the major disadvantage lies in the intermittent nature of the power generation
and this paper gives a study on control of wind driven Doubly Fed Induction Generator
(DFIG). The speeds above and below synchronous speeds are obtained using a
bidirectional power flow converter. By using this, reactive power is controlled and hence
the overall power factor of the system can be kept at unity under varying load conditions.
This paper presents the simulation results of a grid-connected DFIG. Stator-flux oriented
vector control approach is deployed for both stator and rotor side converters to provide
independent control of active and reactive power and keep the DC-link voltage constant.
The effectiveness in controlling of a 7.5 KW generator is verified in different operating
conditions i.e. above and below synchronous speeds.
Keywords: DFIG, Grid side converter (GSC), Rotor side converter (RSC), Active and
reactive powers, Stator flux oriented control
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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 148
Prewashing of TLC Plate for Background Suppression in

TLC-Blot MS Imaging
Takuma Hasegawa, Yusuke Suzuki, Kazuya Kabayama, Yasunori Kushi

Department of Materials and Applied Chemistry, College of Science and Technology,
csta15044@g.nihon-u.ac.jp
ABSTRACT
Mass spectrometry is indispensable for lipidome analysis. Recently, mass spectrometric

(MS) imaging has been developed using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass
spectrometry (MALDI)-mass spectrometry, and the distribution of separated lipids on a
thin-layer chromatography (TLC) plate could be visualized easily. However, background
peaks in MS spectra inhibit the MS imagings in low amount of sample. To resolve the
above problem, we have tried the techniques for the background suppression and found
that 1, 2-dichloroethane (DCE) pre-washing of TLC plate in advance of development
could suppress in this study.
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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 149
Electron Spin Resonance of

Copper Carboxylate Derivative Compounds
Hirihattaya Phetmung, Anitsara Nucharoen, Tasawan Runpet, Nikom Choosiri

Inorganic and Materials Chemistry Research Unit, Faculty of Science,
Thaksin University, Thailand
tayaphetmung@yahoo.com
ABSTRACT
Three metal organic coordination formulated as [Cu(Ben) 2(Sam)]2 1, [Cu(Ben)(H2O)2]•

Ben•H2O 2, and [Cu(Phen)(Sal)2(H2O)] 3 (where Ben=benzoate and SAM=salicylamide,
Phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) have been successfully synthesized and characterized.
Single crystal X-ray diffraction results confirm their structures. Binuclear 1 has
salicylamide as ancillary ligand and consists of a distorted square pyramidal [CuO4O]
chromophore. Mononuclear 2 consists of the monomeric [Cu(Ben)(H2O)2]+ moiety which
is furthered tribridged by coordinate ligands, generated the octahedral [CuO4O2] core
and the 1D polymeric [Cu(Ben)2(H2O)4]+ chain. Mononuclear 3 revealed the distorted
square pyramidal geometry around copper cation with one of salicylate as ancillary
ligand. The ultraviolet visible spectra confirmed the blue colours of compound 1 and 2
and a green colour of compound 3. The electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra measured
at room temperature illustrating the signals of triplet state observed in compounds 1,2 and
3. The broader field ESR spectra of 2 than 1 and 3 are also noticed, because of different
types of geometry, environments and interactions.
Keywords: Electron spin resonance, Copper carboxylate derivatives, Triplet state,

Square pyramidal chromophore, Octahedral
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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 150
Study on Purification of Rare Earth Elements from

Mixed Rare Earth Oxides and Production of
High-Purity Neodymium Oxide by Solvent Extraction
Htay Win Oo, Nann Soe

Material Science Research Department, Ministry of Education
htaywinnoo@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
This research is to develop a solvent extraction process for the purification of rare earth
elements from mixed rare earth oxides and production of high-purity neodymium oxide
from monazite ore, extracted from Sintku, Mandalay Region in Myanmar. The research is
based on the solvent extraction by the versatile extractant, mono-2-ethyl hexyl ester of 2-
ethyl hexyl phosphoric acid (PC-88A) is used for separation of light rare earths from
middle and heavy rare earths and separation of neodymium from other light rare earths. It
was observed that the purity of neodymium is >95 % by this solvent extraction method.
The detail of the solvent extraction process development and flow sheets employed are
presented in this paper.
Keywords: Monazite, Neodymium, Solvent extraction, Kerosene, PC-88A

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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 151
Study on Production of Lithium Carbonate from

Myanmar Lepidolite Ore by Sodium Sulphate Method
Nann Soe, Htay Winn Oo

nann.soe@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The research aims to recover the valuable lithium from low grade lepidolite ore
containing 1.85% Li2O extracted from Pyingyitaung at Mandalay Region in Myanmar
and to study the production of lithium carbonate (Li 2CO3) by sodium sulphate method.
The research is based on roasting of the ore after mixing with sodium sulphate (Na 2SO4)
and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2), leaching the roasted leachable compound with hot
water and precipitation of lithium as lithium carbonate with sodium carbonate (Na2CO3).
It was observed that almost 96% of Li 2CO3 was extracted at the operating conditions:
roasting at 850 ံC for 1 hr, with ratio of Ore: Na2SO4:Ca(OH)2=2:1:0.3, leaching at 90 ̊C
for 1 hr and recovering Li2CO3 using Na2CO3 at the precipitation temperature of 90 ̊ C
with the purity of almost 99%.
Keywords: Lepidolite, Sodium Sulphate Method, Na2SO4, Ca (OH)2, Lithium Carbonate,

Li2CO3
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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 152
Preparation and Characterization of Natural Rubber and Styrene

Butadiene Rubber Composite by Using Carbonized Coir
Shwe Hlaing Htun

Department of Chemistry, Defence Services Academy
koshwe46091@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
This research work mainly concerned with the preparation and characterization of natural
rubber and styrene butadiene rubber composite by using carbonized coir. The
physicochemical properties of natural rubber and styrene butadiene rubber were
characterized by Mooney viscosity, plasticity number, plasticity retention index, volatile
matter, dirt content, nitrogen content, and ash content. The physicochemical properties of
carbonized coir were determined such as moisture content, ash content, bulk density and
pH value. The same ratio of natural rubber and styrene butadiene rubber composite were
mixed with different weight ratios of carbonized coir filler 10%, 20%, 30% and 40%. The
physicomechanical properties of composites were determined by standard rubber testing
such as hardness, specific gravity, tensile strength, elongation at break, tear strength,
average mass loss and abrasion resistance index. The optimum composite B2 and
commercial sole were compared accordingly to the physicomechanical properties. The
swelling properties of the optimum composite B2 was also compared with commercial
sole.
Keywords: Carbonized coir, Natural rubber, Styrene butadiene rubber, Composite, Filler,
Physicomechanical properties, Swelling properties
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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 153
Extraction of Lanthanum Oxide from Monazite Concentrate by

Selective Precipitation Method
Aung Kyaw Htun, Kyaw Thu Win

Advanced Metal Production and Technology Development Research Sub-department,
maj.aungkyawhtoon@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Lanthanum oxide can be extracted from monazite concentrate, which contains about
9.81% of lanthanum. The main intention of this study is to be able to produce lanthanum
oxide and to upgrade purify percentage from monazite raw of Moemeik, Myintsone Area.
The experiment of this extraction involves these following steps; leaching with caustic
soda, dissolution with hydrochloric acid, digestion with nitric acid, precipitation with
ammonium hydroxide and calcinations of lanthanum oxalate to form lanthanum oxide.
Keywords: Leaching, Dissolution, Digestion, Precipitation, Calcination.

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Synthesis and Characterization of

Aluminium-Magnesium-Iron Based Water Activated Ration Heater
Kyaw Ye Aung, Myo Han Ko, Wai Yan Thaung, Maung Maung Myint
Department of Chemical Technology
koko39800@gamil.com
ABSTRACT
In this paper, aluminium-magnesium-iron (Al-Mg-Fe) based water activated ration heater

was prepared by using a simple method. The effects of the difference molar ratio of
precursors on the thermal properties of water activated ration heater had been
investigated. According to FLIR study, (Al-Mg-Fe) based water activated ration heater
synthesized by using (Al-Mg-Fe) mixture and NaCl reaches the peak temperature 91.5 º C
and the highest average temperature of 75.75 ºC within 12 minutes. According to the
XRD result, aluminium-magnesium-iron based water activated ration heater synthesized
by using 1:0.75 mass ratio of (Al-Mg –Fe) mixture and NaCl has the complete reaction.
Keywords: Water activated ration heater, Aluminium-magnesium-iron powder, FLIR

study, XRD, NaCl
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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 155
Repellent Activity of Different Neem-based Insecticides against

Black Aphids, Aphis fabae
Nyo Zin Hlaing, Thiha Win Tin, Weine Nway Nway Oo

Department of Biotechnology, Mandalay Technological University
nyozin@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Repellent efficacy of different formulation of neem-based organic insecticide against

black aphids, Aphis fabae was studied. Five treatments ((neem leaf solution, neem leaf
extract, neem insecticide and green leaf insecticide and water only as control) were
evaluated against Aphis fabae under controlling environmental chamber condition of
natural insecticides using two-choice and multiple-choice biossays. Among the
treatments, it was shown that neem leaf extract was the best percentage of repellent in
two-choice bioassay but neem leaf solution was high in multiple-choice bioassay.
Keywords: Neem-based bioinsecticides, Repellent activity, Black aphids, Aphis fabae

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7 I C S E 2 0 1 6 | 156
Determination of Toxicity Level in Some Myanmar Traditional

Medicinal Plants with Antimalarial Activity
Wah Wah Than, Zaw Khaing Oo, Hla Myat Mon

wahwahthan7@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Four Myanmar medicinal plants were initially selected. These plants were extracted by
percolation method by using ethanol. Four crude extracts were tested for their toxicity on
brine shrimp larvae (Artemia salina) in preliminary toxicity test. Toxic effects were
represented as LD50 value that is the dose which kills 50% of brine shrimp population.
Among four crude plant extracts, extract from Cedrella toona Roxb. had the lowest
toxicity to Artemia salina with the LD50 value of 1526.12 ppm. Two extracts, i.e., Carica
papaya Linn. (pulp of unripe fruit) and Cymbopogon citratus (D.C) Stapf (leaves)
possessed the LD50 value greater than 250 ppm. LD50 value of Aegle marmelos Correa.
was 74.32 ppm. These four plant extracts were further tested by in vivo mouse model
(Mus musculus) with the aim to test whether this plant is toxic to mammals or not.
Keywords: Crude extract, Toxicity, In vivo, In vitro, Bioassay

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Removal of Heavy Metal by Using Isolated Bacteria from

Industrial Wastewater in Laboratory Scale
Sa Aung Ko Ko, ZawKhaing Oo, Saw Sandar Maw

saaungkoko1985@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Wastewater is the major problem for many developing countries. Among wastewater,
industrial waste water is the most dangerous thing for human and animal’s life. Industrial
wastewater contains many toxic heavy metal and these metals can cause many diseases
especially chronic diseases. Many techniques can be used to solve these problems.
Among them, biotechnological treatment can reduce costs and time consuming. In this
paper, ten bacterial strain was isolated from wastewater of Mandalay Industrial Zones,
Myanmar and these water samples were examined their heavy metal removal
concentration, BOD, COD, TDS, TSS were examined The combined used of isolated
bacterial strains for the treatment of industrial can be examined.
Keywords: Toxic heavy metal, Chronic diseases, Biological treatment, Lead, Zinc,
Cadmium, DS, TSS, Discharge
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Effect of Soil Conservation on Soil Organic Carbon Content in a Small

Catchment of Northern Part of Popa Mountain, Myanmar
Ngyein Min Zaw, Ngu War Nwe, Zaw Khaing Oo

Department of Biotechnology, Mandalay Technological University, Myanmar
ngyein2006@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Soil conservation plays an important role in controlling soil erosion in agricultural lands
and the accumulation of soil organic carbon (SOC) in the conserved soil can improve the
soil quality and biomass as well as mitigate climate change. Understanding the impact of
soil conservation on SOC content is important for the protection of soil quality. In this
study, the impacts of soil conservation on SOC content and density in a small catchment
of different land uses in the northern part of Mt. Popa were studied. A total of 58 soil
samples were collected from two land use types such as forest land and cultivated land
conserved with stone terraces by local farmers for the determination of soil texture, pH,
soil moisture content, SOC concentration and bulk density. The results indicated that
SOC content generally decreased with increasing soil depth, and significant differences
existed among the three examined soil layers (0–10, 10–20, and 20–30 cm, p <0 .05). The
mean SOC content of the forest site is significantly higher than that of cultivation site, p
= 0.001. The results from the statistical analysis of the three parts of the slope of each site
showed that cultivated land conserved with stone terraces had effect on the SOC
accumulation. Forest land held higher SOC content than terraces of the cultivated land. In
conclusion, the use of stone terraces as a soil conservation measures can increase SOC
density of the cropland.
Keywords: Soil conservation, Soil organic carbon, Land use, Stone terraces, Popa
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In Vitro Cultivation of Human Malaria Parasite,

Plasmodium falciparum Isolates
Cho Lwin Maw, Hla Myat Mon, Zaw Lin

chowlwin007@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Human malaria parasites, Plasmodium falciparum isolates were collected from the blood
sample of Myanmar out patients according to the criteria. Then it was cultured in vitro
using petridish candle jar method to establish the laboratory adapted isolates. Out of five
Plasmodium falciparum infected blood samples, three samples were grown successfully
with cultivation time of 5-10 days, one isolate was found to be easily adapted and normal
appearance was found. All the developmental stages could be seen at any one time since
there was loss of some characteristrics of in vivo synchrony. Only one isolate matured up
to stage five of gametocyte development. Recultivation of cryopreserved stabilities was
attempted within the shorter adaptation period.
Keywords: Plasmodium falciparum, adapted isolates, gametocyte, cryopreserve,

synchrony
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Screening on the Amylase Producing Activity of Some Thermophilic

Bacterial Strains Isolated from Hot Spring
Thazin Win, Win Min Than, Myo Myint

thazinwin.thazinwin@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Twelve bacterial strains were isolated from collected soil samples of hot springs. Among
12 bacterial isolates, 3 isolates showed the amylolytic activity. Cultural and
morphological characteristics of the selected bacterial isolates were studied. The
quantitative determination of amylase producing activities was carried out by using
dinitrosalicylic acid (DNSA) method in which starch was used as inducer substrate for
amylase enzyme. According to amylase producing activities, T1, T2 and T3 showed the
reducing sugar formation 2.986 mg/ml, 4.77 mg/ml and 2.805 mg/ml, respectively. The
optimal incubation period for amylase enzyme producing activity was 48 hours for T1
and 36 hr for T2 and T3 respectively. The optimum incubation temperature for T2 was 50
ºC whereas 60 ºC for T1 and T3. In addition, the cultural pH for T1 was 6.5 however 7
for T2 and T3. This research was focusing on potential application of thermostable
amylase.
Keywords: Thermostable, Dinitrosalicylic acid, Amylolytic activity, Effective bacteria

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Significance of Poisoning Effects by Fission Products in PWR
Moe Kyaw Aung, Sai Yi Phone, Kyaw Min Thu, Win Naing
Department of Nuclear Physics, Defence Services Academy
icsemoekyawaung@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
All fission products (FPs) can be classified as reactor poisons because they all absorb
neutrons to some extent. Most simply build up slowing as the fuel burns up and are
accounted for as a long-term reactivity effect. However, two of the fission products, Xe-
135 and Sm-149, are significant themselves due to their absorption cross section and high
production as fission products or fission product daughters. Burnup calculations are
formulated around two central equations which are the neutron transport equation and the
burnup equation. Burnup calculations can basically give the concentrations of actinides,
fission products and activation products. In this study, MCNP4C and ORIGEN2 nuclear
codes were used as a coupling code to simulate burnup calculations for Pressurized Water
Reactor (PWR).
Keywords: Fps, Poisoning effect, Long-term reactivity, Neutron transport equation,

Burnup equations, MCNP4C, ORIGEN2, PWR
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Structural, Microstructural and Magnetic Studies of

Nickel Substituted Cobalt-Zinc Ferrites
Nway Nway Khaing, Khin Hnin Yu, Khin Moe Khaine, Win Kyaw
Department of Physics, Hinthada University
nwaynway.forever@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Nanosized Nickel substituted Cobalt-Zinc ferrites, Co0.5-xNixZn0.5Fe2O4 (where x = 0.0,

0.1, 0.2, 0.3) have been prepared by chemical co-precipitation method. The structure,
composition and crystallite size have been determined by using X-ray diffraction
measurement. XRD patterns indicated the presence of cubic spinel structure. The
crystallite sizes are found to be within the range of 44.42 nm - 24.79 nm. Microstructural
characteristics were studied by scanning electron microscopy. Ferromagnetic properties
of the samples were investigated by the ferromagnetic hysteresis loop measurement.
Keywords: Co0.5-xNixZn0.5Fe2O4, XRD, SEM, Ferromagnetic

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Study on Humidity Sensitive Electrical Properties of

Copper-Zinc Ferrites
July Oo, Htet Naing Lwin, San Htar Oo, Win Kyaw
Department of Physics, University of Yangon
mgzuly@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
A series of Copper-Zinc ferrites, Cu1-xZnxFe2O4, (where x = 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and
1.0) were prepared by standard ceramic method. The prepared samples were
characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).
The appearance of the XRD lines demonstrated that the samples belong to cubic
structures. The lattice parameters and the average crystallite sizes of the samples were
found alternately. SEM micrographs revealed that the samples composed of
agglomerated particles. Humidity sensitive electrical resistances, dc voltages and
capacitances were investigated in the relative humidity range of 50 RH% – 95 RH% for
the application of humidity sensing materials.
Keywords: Cu1-xZnxFe2O4, XRD, SEM, Humidity sensor

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Study on Superionic Conductivity of

Magnesium Ferrites-Magnesium Chromates
Hnin Hlwar Nu, Aye Aye Lwin, Win Kyaw, Hla Hla Than
Department of Physics, Meiktila University
hninhlwaynu1@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
A series of Magnesium Ferrite - Magnesium Chromate, MgFe2-xCrxO4 (where x = 0.0,

0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0) were prepared by solid state reaction method. Structural and
microstructural characteristics were investigated by XRD and SEM. The peaks in the
XRD spectra indicate the presence of cubic spinel structure. SEM images reveal that the
samples were non-uniform spherical shape and they are composed of agglomerated
particles. Temperature dependent electrical conductivity of the samples were observed in
the temperature range of 303 K – 793 K. Superionic conductivity and activation energy
were studied in this work.
Keywords: MgFe2-xCrxO4, XRD, SEM, Superionic conductivity

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Fabrication of
Nickel Doped Zinc Oxide Ferromagnetic Material and Its Properties
Aye Sandar Oo, Aye Aye Thant, Hla Hla Than

Department of Physics, Meiktila University
flashsandar@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
This paper described Nickel doped Zinc Oxide, Zn1-xNixO, (x = 0.01 to 0.05) were treated
at 400˚C, 700˚C and 1000˚C for 5 hours by cost-effective conventional ceramic method.
Structural and microstructural properties were analyzed using XRD, SEM and FTIR.
Electrical properties measurements were conducted with GWINSTEK LCR-8110 G
series. Initial Permeability was investigated by LCR meter (Aplab MT4080D) for
confirming of the magnetic properties. FTIR spectrum was showed that the successful
substitution of Ni ions in ZnO. Moreover, the higher dielectric constant was provided
better conductivity at the composition x = 0.04. Besides, the initial permeability was less
fluctuated at higher frequency as seen in the variation curves obtained at 1 kHz and
10 kHz.
Keywords: Zn1-xNixO, XRD, SEM, FTIR, Electrical and magnetic properties

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Two Stages Cascaded Attitude Estimator for Multirotor Craft
Thein Min Aung, Nay Zin, Ye Chan

Department of Physics, University of Yangon
theinminaung.edu@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
This paper addresses the efficient method for real time estimation of a rotor craft’s
attitude. The attitude information is very important for controlling stability of a rotor
crafts. The accuracy and response are the most important for real time control systems
and depend on the sensor fusion algorithms and the performance of embedded controller.
Kalman filter demands the computing power for large number of state variables. On the
other hand Madgwick filter requires less computing cycles than Kalman filter in attitude
estimation. But this filter is only developed for attitude estimation without altitude. This
paper has proposed the cascaded filter design for low cost microcontrollers such as
Arduino systems. The orientation of the body frame with respected to navigation frame is
calculated by Madgwick filter and altitude of craft is estimated using information
obtained from the previous stage by Kalman filter. Since two state variables are involved
in Kalman filter the computation load is significantly reduced. The results obtained from
the simulation of real sensor data show that the proposed method is efficient and suitable
for implementation of real time attitude estimator on low performance microcontroller
systems.
Keywords: Cascaded filter, Madgwicks filter, Kalman filter, Sensors fusion, Altitude
estimation, Multirotor craft
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Kinetic Modelling of Rice Husk Gasification in

Reduction Zone of a Downdraft Gasifier
Sithu Han, Mya Mya Oo, Thein Min Htike

Department of Chemical Engineering, Yangon Technological University
sithuhan76@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Myanmar is an agricultural country and rice husk is the most abundant biomass
resources. Therefore, there is high potential of rice husk gasification, which can provide
power to rural population where there is no access to electricity. There have been some
applications of downdraft gasifier for this purpose in some parts of the country. In
downdraft gasifier, reduction zone temperatures ranges are between 1073 K and 1373 K.
However, at unusually low temperature between 823 K and 973 K, high molecular
weight of volatile gases could be converted into low molecular weight of useful gases by
the utilization of catalyst in the primary bed. Therefore, there is a tendency to improve
quality of producer gas if reduction zone temperature could be maintained within this
range. In this paper, the kinetic model of reduction zone for a downdraft gasifier was
simulated at low temperature gasification below 1273 K. This might be helpful to
consider catalytic activity of char. Initial condition for reduction zone model are obtained
from calculating C, H, O balance through the overall process of pyro-oxidation zone of
pyrolysis products, represented as single reaction where the beginning of reduction zone.
The fourth order Runge-Kutta method is applied to system of rate equations in kinetic
model under steady state condition to predict the final gas compositions. Simulations are
performed to analyse the effect of the equivalence ratio, temperature on gas composition
and LHV of producer gas.
Keywords: Biomass gasification, Downdraft gasifier, Kinetic model, Low reaction

temperature, Producer gas quality
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Preliminary Examination on Steam Reforming of

Biomass Gasification over Nickel-Based Catalysts
Nway Nay Hlaing, Osamu Nakagoe, Shuji Tanabe

Division of Chemistry and Material Science,
nwaynayhlaing@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Catalytic steam reforming of biomass gasification was investigated with the supported
transition metal catalysts (SiO2 supported Ni, Co, Fe catalysts, and SBA-15 supported Ni
and Ni-Co bimetallic catalysts). Those were synthesized with the precipitation and co-
precipitation procedures. The activity of catalysts was considered from the carbon
selectivity to gas, char and tar products, and the amount of H2 formation. The effect of
the metal loading and support were also examined with the Ni/SiO 2 and Ni/SBA-15
catalysts. As the results, increasing metal loading amount enhanced the amount of H2
evolution and SBA-15 catalysts had much higher activity than corresponded SiO 2
catalysts. Highest H2 formation and tar removal achieved the 20% metal loading SBA-15
(20Ni/SBA-15) catalyst with a value of 17 mmol and 71%, respectively.
Keywords: Biomass gasification, Steam reforming of tar, H2 formation, Carbon

selectivity, Ni-based catalysts
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Determination of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Potential of

Some Myanmar Medicinal Plants
Yadanar Win Myint, Thinzar Toe, Su Win Aye

Department of Research and Innovation, Ministry of Education
winmyint.yadanar@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Some selected medicinal plants used by Myanmar people were evaluated for potential
antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. In this study, the antioxidant activity of 14 types
of medicinal plants collected from Kyaukse origin of Mandalay Division in the country
Myanmar was estimated using1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing
antioxidant power (FRAP) assay and total phenol content assay. The highest antioxidant
activity was demonstrated by Vitis vinifer Linn. Phyllanthus urinaria and Zingiber
officinale in all tested in vitro antioxidant assays. As far as antimicrobial activity is
concerned, ethanolic extracts of Vitis vinifer Linn, Sida acuta, Phyllanthus urinaria, Z.
officinale Calendula officinalis Caccinia Indica and Curcuma Longa were found to be
most potent against clinically important bacteria Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas
aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans and Enterococcus faecalis.Brine
shrimp lethality test was also conducted to examine the toxicity of selected plant extracts.
The experimental results suggest that all the tested plant extracts are non-toxic and no
potential health risk for human consumption.
Keywords: Medicinal plants, Myanmar, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial activity, Toxicity

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Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Green PEA (Pisum Sativum) Proteins for

Generating Bioactive Peptides (BAPs)
Myo Myint, Sujata Sinha, Subhash Chand

myomyintbiot@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Food processing technology has been developed in food modifications and changed into
nutraceutical food without nutritional value changes by the use of proteolytic enzymes. It
can be also intended into pharmaceutical drug developments which are natural products
without side effects on human health. In this research, green pea proteins were isolated
and purified by dialysis method using with 10kDa cut-off membrane to obtain globulin
proteins and the protein contents were estimated by using Lowry assay method. The
green pea proteins were hydrolysed by alcalase, trypsin, and pepsin enzymes and
determined the free alpha amino groups by using ninhydrin assay method then
qualitatively analysed by SDS-PAGE. It contained 157.5% protein content. The dialysed
protein content was in 81.3%. The amounts of free alpha amino group were 39.0, 12.8
and 6.02 µM when 40 mg of isolated protein was hydrolysed by alcalase, trypsin, and
pepsin with the ratio (100l/g protein, 6:40, and 1.5:40) respectively. In SDS-PAGE
analysis, it showed that the dialysed protein contains six fractions of proteins which were
about 66, 45, 35, 30, 22, and 16 kDa in molecular weights respectively. Trypsin and
alcalase could hydrolyse completely but higher molecular weights of proteins were
remained in pepsin hydrolysate. In bioactivity assay, the protein hydrolysates did not
show the antioxidant activity but possessed in antidiabetic activity with the inhibition of
alpha glucosidase enzyme activity. The amount of PNP decreased from 26.65 to 9.4,
8.52, and 14.86 mg/ml in alcalase, pepsin, and trypsin hydrolysates (20:8 of enzyme:
protein hydrolysates) respectively. Moreover, the alcalase and trypsin hydrolysates had
antimicrobial activity on E. coli showing the clear zone formation with 20 mm in
diameter. It possessed in cidal action on E. coli. In addition, alcalase hydrolysate also had
in static action on A. flavus.
Keywords: Green pea protein, Alcalase, trypsin, Pepsin, SDS-PAGE, Antioxidant,

Antidiabetic, Antimicrobial
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Screening of Pectinase Enzyme Producing Bacteria from

the Fruits and Vegetable Wastes
Zin Min Htwe, Bo Bo, Khin Mar Mya

zinminnhtwe09@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Pectinase is an important enzyme that finds application in many food processing

industries. The aim of this work is to screen and isolate the Pectinase producing strains of
Bacteria from decaying fruits and vegetables wastes samples by using pectinase screening
agar medium (PSAM) for food processing. The samples were collected from the markets
of Mandalay region and Shan state. In the present study, 82 bacterial strains were isolated
and screened for possessing the ability of the production of pectinase. All the bacteria
grew on pectinase screening agar media (PSAM) media but only 2 bacterial isolates (T 2
and O6) produced pectinase activity showing transparent. According to microscopic
determination, these two bacterial strains were Gram positive, cocci bacteria. T2 also
gave protease and amylase activity and O6 only showed amylase activity in addition to
pectinase activity.
Keywords: Pectin, Bacteria, Characterization, Pectinase, PSAM

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Impact Assessment of
Textile Wastewater around the Seik Kun Village
Thiha Thaw, Zaw Khaing Oo, Khaing Nwe Soe

thihathaw@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Nowadays, textile waste has seemingly become a major threat to ecosystem. In Seik Kun
village, the extensive usage of textile dye has led to toxic chemical pollution to
environment. To investigate the impact assessments of textile waste water, water body
surveying and questionnaire were applied. Water body surveying involved (1) ground
water investigation and (2) surface water investigation. For ground water investigation, 4
samples from deep tube wells and 5 samples from shallow tube wells were examined. To
analyse the surface water pollution, 2 sample sites were chosen according to their
geographic nature and dyeing factories situation. The result showed that some of the
water sources were seriously polluted with lead metal and urgently needed the effective
treatment technology for textile waste water.
Keywords: Textile waste water, Dye, Lead, Questionnaire, Impact assessments, Deep
tube wells, Shallow tube wells
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Development of Arduino Based Pulse Counting System for

Radiation Detection Instrument
Aung Myat Maw, Thaw Tun Ko, Khin Khin Lay

Department of Nuclear Engineering, Mandalay Technological University
aungmyatmawchk@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Geiger Muller counter for detection of ionizing radiation is constructed mainly with GM
tube and counting system in order to count tube output signals. Therefore the counting
system which is one of the important parts of the Geiger Muller counter was built with
Arduino Uno board. The development of Arduino based pulse counting system is
presented in this research paper. Arduino Uno board is used for input pulse signal
detection and pulse counting processes. Furthermore Arduino SD card data logging shield
is used to save the measured counts and relevant radiation dose with time stamp. In this
experiment function generator (GWINSTEK AFG – 3051) is used instead of GM Tube to
feed input signal to pulse detecting and counting Arduino Uno board. Square wave with
various duty cycles and arbitrary wave with various pulse widths are used. The
information of radiation dose (Sv), count per minute (cpm), gained from pulse detecting
and counting system is displayed on LCD. One LED flashes and buzzer beeps whenever
pulse is detected. This research paper shows the various input waves with various duty
cycles and pulse widths with the error of less than 0.4% to use as a Geiger counter. Thus
it can be used in detecting the level of radiation in natural environment, surveying a
source of artificial radioactivity and monitoring the radiation safety application of
laboratory equipment.
Keywords: Arduino Uno board, SD card data logging shield, Function generator,
Radiation dose (Sv), Count per minute (cpm)
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Mushroom Cultivation on Irradiated Sugarcane Bagasse
Lu Zaw, Khin Khin Lay

Department of Nuclear Engineering, Mandalay Technological University
koluzaw@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Mushroom has been attracting attention of mankind since ancient times and use of
mushroom, as food is as old as human civilization. It is very rich in protein, vitamins and
minerals. Cellulosic agro-wastes were used to produce edible mushroom through the
application of radiation. Radiation processing is to upgrade the quality of the products by
using ionizing radiation. It essentially involves absorption large quantities of ionizing
radiation energy from the radiation source into substrates, resulting in useful
modifications in the material properties rendering them more useful or enhancing their
commercial value. This study aims to focus on the safe and peaceful uses of nuclear
techniques to help in increasing agricultural productivity as well as ensuring health
security and safeguarding the environment. In the research, gamma radiation was used on
converting sugarcane wastes like bagasse into useful products such as substrate for the
production of edible mushroom. In this research work, mushrooms were cultivated on
sugarcane bagasse substrates, which were sterilized by using different dose (5, 10, 15, 20
and 25 kGy) of gamma radiation. Autoclave sterilization of sugarcane bagasse substrate
was used as control. There were three tests in this work. In the first test, radiation effects
on the chemical composition of sample bagasse substrates were analysed as raw test. In
the second test, radiation effects on time taken for fully mycelia, radiation effects on time
taken for pin-head formation, radiation effects on time taken for fruiting body formation
and radiation effects on time taken for maturation of fruiting body were analysed. In the
third test, radiation effects on the protein content of mushroom samples were analysed.
According to these tests, sugarcane bagasse substrate, which was 20 kGy irradiated, has
the good condition in the investigation of the radiation effects on the chemical
composition of substrate, cultivation of mushroom and protein content of mushroom.
Keywords: Mushroom, Sugarcane bagasse, Gamma radiation, Protein, Substrate,

Sterilization
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Study on the Dosimetry System Calibration and Qualification of

an Industrial Electron Beam Accelerator Facility at
Bhabha Atomic Research Centre in India
Cho Thu Thu Zaw, P. G. Benny

cho1980@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Dosimetry system calibration was carried out prior to the qualification of the electron
beam (EB) facility. Dosimetry system consists of measuring equipments, dosimeters and
reference standards. Firstly, performance verification of the spectrometers for measuring
the dosimeters were carried out using optical absorbance filters and wavelength standards
traceable to national and international standards. For calibration of two types of routine
dosimeters; Cellulose triacetate (CTA) dosimeter and B3 Windose dosimeter; Alanine
dosimeters were used as the reference dosimeters and all three types of dosimeters were
irradiated together under the electron beam accelerator, ILU-EBA, 5 MeV, 15 kW. By
using the calibrated dosimeters, the estimation of electron beam energy and beam width,
dose variation with the operational parameters have been studied. Double sided
irradiation has been carried out for unit density material (Perspex medium), glove box for
medical products irradiation and wheat for food irradiation and process thickness have
been determined for these products.
Keywords: Electron beam accelerator, Calibration, Alanine, CTA, B3 dosimeter

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Comparative Study on Gamma Irradiated Crosslinked

Honey Hydrogel and Hydrogel for Burn Wound Dressing
Min Min Zaw, Lei Lei Oo

Materials Science Research Department, Ministry of Education,
zaw1982@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
A novel crosslinked honey hydrogel dressing was developed by incorporating honey into
hydrogel dressing formulation, crosslinked and sterilized using Gamma irradiation
(25kGy) and introduced for biomedical application as burn wound dressing. In this study,
the physical properties of the prepared honey hydrogel and hydrogel, such as swelling,
weight loss and water content were analyzed. The nature of the crosslinkings of honey
hydrogel and hydrogel was revealed with FTIR spectra. Physical properties of honey
based hydrogel were significantly enhanced compared to hydrogel. Among the entire
modern wound healing dressings, hydrogel has a good capacity to donate moisture or
absorb exudates and thereby providing a moist environment to facilitate wound healing
process and at the same time to protect the wound too. The present study substantiates the
potential efficacy of honey hydrogel dressings in accelerating burn wound healing.
Keywords: Honey, Hydrogel, Swelling, Weight loss, Wound dressing, Water content, Cross
linking, Gamma radiation
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Analysis on Shelf-life and Nutritional Effects of

the Gamma Irradiated Fresh Fruits for
International Trade Purpose
Moe Min Htwe, Lei Lei Oo

Materials Science Research Department, Ministry of Education
mmht11@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Irradiation is the alternative process for decay control extending shelf life of fresh fruits.
The use of ionizing radiation applied to fruit is for assuring microbial as well as
nutritional safety concern. Cultivated in Kyaukse region of fresh fruits of plum and
banana are treated with gamma irradiation with the dose of (200Gy, 400Gy, 600Gy,
800Gy). Mango (Sein Ta Lone) is treated with gamma dose of (400Gy, 800Gy, 1.0kGy).
Market fruit as Dragon fruit are irradiated with 300Gy. TPC and nutrients analysis of
fresh fruits are performed. The fruits were kept at an environmental condition (25C ± 3,
RH 45%±4) during three weeks storage for international trade purpose. Their physical–
chemical and microbial analysis were evaluated. Mass loss, visual observation and
maturity index determination are performed. Analysis of visual parameters showed that
irradiation treatment influenced the maturity index. Nutritional analysis presented few
significant differences at each dose for fresh fruits.
Keywords: Gamma irradiation, Fresh fruits, Shelf life, Nutritional analysis

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Study on Gamma Radiation Treatment for

Textile Dyeing Wastewater
Khin Myo Sett, Lei Lei Oo

makhine01@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
In this study, the effects of Gamma radiation for textile wastewater treatment on changes
of wastewater quality parameters were determined. The textile wastewater was treated
with Cobalt-60 gamma radiation at different doses (25 to 100 kGy) to study the changes
of total suspended solids, biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand
(COD), turbidity, pH, colour and total microbial counts. It was observed that gamma
radiation was effective on removing the highly colour refractory organic pollutants at
higher dose. Total suspended solids (TSS), turbidity, COD and BOD were also decreased
significantly because of the degradation of the organic solid particles. However, the
changes of total microbial counts were found less for treated wastewater after application
of Gamma irradiation.
Keywords: Textile wastewater, Gamma radiation, COD, BOD, Total suspended solid,
Turbidity, Total microbial counts
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Assessment of Irrigation Water Requirements and Allocation of

Different Irrigated Areas around Mandalay
Kaung Myat, Nilar Aye

Department of Civil Engineering, Mandalay Technological University
kaungmyat.mtu.civil@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
This study aims to investigate whether Sedawgyi dam and Sedawlay weir could meet
required irrigation demand around Mandalay area. The net irrigation water requirement
and allocation of different irrigated areas around Mandalay were simulated based on Year
2014 condition as scenario 1. And then changes of demand and supply situation for Year
2015 irrigation plan was evaluated based on scenario 1. In this study, irrigated areas in
Mandalay city, Mattaya, Patheingyi and Amarapura townships were considered as
demand sites and Sedawgyi dam and Sedawlay weir as supply sources. CROPWAT 8.0
model was used to calculate crop water requirement (ETc) and net irrigation water
requirement (IWR). To assess irrigation water allocation, the Water Evaluation and
Planning (WEAP) Model was used. The required data such as, crop types, crop patterns
and reservoir data were collected from Agricultural and Irrigation Department. For
calculation of crop water requirement, 20 years recorded meteorological data of
Mandalay Station were used. And then, the calculated irrigation water requirement and
the reservoir data were inputted in WEAP model for irrigation water allocation. And the
model generated supply delivered, unmet demand and demand site coverage of different
irrigated areas. According to model results, it was found that all irrigated areas were met
with required demand and no additional water was needed. So, surplus water from
Sedawgyi dam can be allocated for other purposes.
Keywords: CROPWAT 8.0 model, Net irrigation water requirement, Water evaluation
and planning (WEAP) model, Irrigation water allocation, Unmet demand
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Price Elasticity of Water Demand for Selected Industries
Thwe Thwe Than, Aye Aye Thant

thwethwethan18@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
This paper deals with the price elasticity of water demand for industries in Mandalay
City. In this study, Mandalay industrial zones and Kyaukse industrial zone are surveyed
for industrial water use. In these industrial zones, there are 13 kinds of industrial
enterprises. The questionnaire set is based on the “Statistics Canada, Industrial Water
Survey: Manufacturing Industries, 2011” and has been launched to selected industries for
obtaining required information such as water consumption (water demand) and cost of
water for production. Industries are divided into four groups according to National
Abstraction Licence Database (NALD Abbreviation). Industries are integrated into
Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Code. Demand curves are constructed by
MATLAB programming and price elasticity of demand is determined using arc elasticity
method. In this method, values of price elasticity are evaluated by mid-point formula. As
a conclusion, selected industry groups have different pricings based on this study.
Keywords: Price elasticity, Water demand, Industrial water use, Demand curve, Mid-
point formula
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Phosphorus Flows from

Livestock and Domestic Wastewater in Myanmar
Cherry Myo Lwin, Mari Murakami, Kyaw Nyunt Maung, Seiji Hashimoto
Ritsumeikan Global Innovation Research Organization (R-GIRO),
Ritsumeikan University, Japan
cml-11@fc.ritsumei.ac.jp
ABSTRACT
Phosphorus (P) is a necessary element for living organisms. Agriculture, livestock and
fishery can be considered as the main backbones of economy in Myanmar. Moreover,
population growth changes in lifestyles and living standards, acceleration of
industrialization and urbanization, food demands, and more diverse contemporary uses of
P products all continue to raise demands of fertilizer requirements. The P used for
cultivation and that contained in wastewater flowing into the hydrosphere contribute to
severe environmental damage from eutrophication. Related concerns have arisen about
the rapid depletion of phosphorus resources. Thus, elucidating the amount of P flow into
water bodies is extremely important to ascertain its environmental effects and to
formulate methods for sustainable management of P resources and a more secure basis
for P management in the future.This study was conducted to elucidate future trends of
phosphorus flows from livestock and domestic wastewater based on scenarios of
numerous parameters that include economic development, population, livestock demand,
harvested areas, and phosphorus removal rates in improved sanitation facilities in
Myanmar for 2010–2100. Results reveal that phosphorus flows from livestock is 12
thousand tonnes (Mt) in 2010 and it becomes double by 2100. Phosphorus flows from
domestic wastewater range between 13 thousand tonnes to 19 thousand tonnes during the
study period. It is expected that recovery of phosphorous from sewage sludge can be
managed in the future.
Keywords: Eutrophication, Phosphorus ore depletion, Fertilizer, Sewage, Shared

socioeconomic pathways (Ssps)
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Domestic Wastewater Treatment Using Locally Available Materials
Khin Phyu Phyu Aung, Theingi Ye Myint, Zin Marlar Tin San
Department of Civil Engineering, Yangon Technological University
khinphyuphyuaung9208@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The conventional wastewater treatment method was considered in this research. The
objective of the study was to investigate the treatment efficiencies of plain sedimentation
and filtrations by using readily available materials such as brick, sand and gravel for
domestic wastewater treatment. The study was focused on sedimentation with different
hydraulic retention time (HRT). The result showed that the optimal HRT for
sedimentation was at 1 hour. Also, it was focused on grease trap with media arrangement
(5 cm diameter of brick: 1 cm diameter of gravel, 3 cm diameter of brick) with media
thickness of (1.5˝:1.5˝:3˝, 2˝:2˝:4˝ and 3˝:1.5˝:3˝) and different HRT. The result revealed
that filtration media thickness of (3˝:1.5˝:3˝) and HRT of (60) min: for domestic
wastewater treatment was generated in the best efficiency. It was also emphasized on
another filtration with media arrangement (coarse gravel: fine gravel: sand) with different
media thickness of (1˝:1˝:2˝, 3˝:3˝:4˝and 1˝:3˝:4˝) and different HRT. The result showed
that filter thickness of (1˝:3˝:4˝) and HRT of (30) min: for domestic wastewater treatment
was the highest efficiency. The overall treatment efficiencies of COD, BOD and SS were
96%,96% and 94% respectively. The treatment method performed in this research can be
performed easily and the materials used are low cost and locally available .
Keywords: Conventional treatment method, Treatment efficiencies, Sedimentation,

Grease trap, Filtration
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Water Quality Assessment of Inya Lake
Shwe Yee Mon Mon, Cho Cho Thin Kyi, Khin Win
shweyemonmon@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
In this study, a purpose for baseline data collection, only measure and analyze the
physicochemical parameters in order to classify and assess the status of the lake. Inya
Lake is the largest artificial lake in Yangon, created in 1884 as a reservoir. At present, the
purpose is only to supply water for Kandawgyi Lake not for domestic water supply
purposes. It still exists for the recreation purpose and greatly maintains the climate of
Yangon. Spatial variation and grab sampling of some physico-chemical parameters such
as Temperature, pH, DO, TDS, Total Alkalinity, Conductivity, Turbidity, BOD, COD,
Total Nitrogen and Total Phosphorus were measured. The data collection had been done
during 6 months interval, considering upon the different weather conditions. There are
altogether 21 stations like 7 stations were fixed for Major 5 inlets including upstream and
downstream of the drains and another 14 points in the lake in order to cope with the
whole area of water surface. According to the experiment results, nutrients levels at all
stations of in-lake water are equal or higher than the acceptable limit of algal growth
because drainage water from Inlet 1 and Inlet 4 which represent high nutrient levels at
all-time collected samples. The analyzed results of TP indicate that quality of lake water
is relatively high in nutrient concentrations and also in the trophic state of eutrophy and
hypereutrophy in most stations.
Keywords: Lake water quality, Physico-chemical parameters, Assessment, Baseline data,

Nutrients, Pollution
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Analysis of Future Temperature Changes in

Central Dry Zone of Myanmar
Hnin Thiri Myo, Win Win Zin

hninthirijulymyo@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Central Dry Zone in Myanmar has been identified as being particularly vulnerable to
climate change due to its high temperature and scare rainfall. In this study, future
temperature changes for Central Dry Zone of Myanmar is analysed using global climate
model (GCM) simulations. Six GCMs (General Circulation Models) from Coupled
Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) are tested in this study. Temperature
projections for selected ten stations are analyzed under two Representative Concentration
Pathways (RCPs) 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios. In this study, coefficient of determination (R 2)
and root mean square error (RMSE) are determined before and after bias correction and
linear scaling method is used for bias correction. The baseline periods are taken as (1985-
2005). The future projection period 2015-2098 (during 21st century) is classified into
2015-2042 (early period of 21st century), 2043-2070 (middle period of 21st century) and
2071-2098 (end period of 21st century). Meteorological parameters such as maximum
temperature and minimum temperature are predicted. There are differences in the GCM
projections for all the three future periods. In this study, MPI-ESM-MR and MPI-
ESM-LR are statistically best in simulating temperature. The changes in average annual
mean temperature of selected stations of Central Dry Zone are projected to increase about
0.8 °C to 1.5 °C in 2020s, 1.6 °C to 2.8 °C in 2050s under both scenarios. In 2080s,
average annual mean temperature of selected stations of Central Dry Zone are projected
to increase about 2.0 °C to 2.7 °C under Rcp4.5 and about 3.6 °C to 4.5 °C under Rcp8.5
during 21st century.
Keywords: Climate change, Central dry zone, Temperature, General circulation models,
Bias correction
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Study on the Chlorine Gas Sensing Properties of

Nanostructured ZnO and Fe2O3
Yan Naing Kyaw, Htet Naing Myo, Wai Min Soe,

Aung Zaw Min, Maung Maung Myint
Department of Chemical Tec0hnology,
koko39800@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Among the various metal oxides, nanostructured ZnO and Fe 2O3 gas sensor were chosen
for testing chemical sensing properties toward chlorine gas. According to the static
environment test, ZnO and Fe2O3 sensors showed sensing properties with chlorine gas.
The response and recovery times of ZnO sensor were about 160 s and 200 s for 100 ppm
chlorine gas, 110 s and 300 s for 300 ppm chlorine gas and 60 s and 360 s for 500 ppm
chlorine gas, respectively. The response and recovery times of Fe 2O3 sensor were about
120 s and 400 s for 100 ppm chlorine gas, 100 s and 450 s for 300 ppm chlorine gas and
80 s and 650 s for 500 ppm chlorine gas, respectively. According to the results, ZnO
sensor shows better sensitivity if compared with Fe2O3 sensor when contact with chlorine
gas.
Keywords: Zno, Fe2O3, Static environment method, Gas sensor, Response time,
Recovery time, Chlorine gas
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Synthesis and Characterization of Gas Diffusion Layer Based on

Activated Carbon for Magnesium-Air Fuel Cells
Zaw Min Paing, Ngwe Toe Aung, Shine Zaw Htike, Maung Maung Myint
Department of Chemical Technology,
koko39800@gamil.com
ABSTRACT
A series of activated carbon/ polytetra fluoroethylene (PTFE) based gas diffusion layer
(GDL) for Mg-air fuel cells were prepared by a simple method of immersing activated
carbon powder in PTFE suspension. The preparation process of GDL is described as
follows: activated carbon powder was mixed with concentrated PTFE suspension to form
slurry. The activated carbon and PTFE slurry was pressed with MSK-HRP-MR 100A
Electronic Precision Roller Press to form GDL film with 1 mm thickness. Then, the
above GDL was dried in an oven at 80 º C for 1 h, and sintered at 325ºC for 1 h,
respectively. Critical properties of the as-prepared GDL, including the surface
morphology, I-V characteristics, electronic resistivity and hydrophobicity have been
characterized to investigate the effect of PTFE suspension concentration and PTFE
content on the properties of the GDL. The micrographs indicated that the PTFE was
homogenously dispersed on activated carbon powder and showed structure with a
microporous layer. Under optimum operational conditions, the maximum power density
of the Mg-air fuel cell using the cathode fabricated with activated carbon powder based
GDL (25 wt. % PTFE) reached up to 27.1 MW cm -2 with the 6 wt. % NaCl soaked filter
paper electrolyte medium at room temperature and ambient pressure.
Keywords: Activated carbon, PTFE, Gas diffusion layer, Mg-air fuel cell, I-V
characteristics, Resistivity, NaCl
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Physico-Chemical Treatment of
Wastewater from Rice Husk Gasification
Min Min Thu, Zaw Lay Win

minminthu.august@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The power generation from biomass requires the water to clean the producer gas for use
in engines. The water used as cleaning agent gets contaminated with organic and
inorganic compound and becomes highly polluted. The wastewater from rice husk
gasification was treated by using coagulation-flocculation process and adsorption
process. Firstly, coagulant used as polyaluminum chloride (PACl) and flocculant used as
polyacrylamide (PAM) were added into the wastewater. Secondly, adsorbent as powder
activated carbon (PAC) was used in adsorption process. In coagulation-flocculation
treatment, the optimum dose ratio of 4:2 (PACl : PAM) was used in the adsorption
process. In adsorption process, adsobent PAC was added into the pre-treated wastewater.
The results showed that the phenol content of wastewater was reduced to 98.5%. In this
condition, the adsorbent dosage of PAC was 30 g. The concentration of phenol was
acceptable limit for inland disposal.
Keywords: Gasifier wastewater, Polyaluminum chloride, Coagulation-flocculation,

Polyacrylamide, Powder activated carbon
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Effect of Temperature and Various Cover Materials on

the Productivity of Two-Stage Solar Still
Mi Mi Win, Aung Myint Soe

miemie17388@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
This paper discusses the comparative performance of productivity in basin type solar still
with a polycarbonate cover sheet and a glass cover sheet for brackish water distillation. A
brackish water sample was collected from Chaung Thar Beach in Pathein Township,
Ayeyarwady Region, Myanmar. In this study, two-stage solar stills were designed with
the rectangular 53 cm×75 cm and back height was 52 cm. The inclination angle of second
stage was 16˚. The whole body of still was constructed with polycarbonate sheets. In
solar stills, cover and second stage were used with various materials. Two of the cover
sheets are 78 cm×53 cm and 3mm thickness. In this paper, the productivity of distillate
by two-stage solar still was determined by varying the two types of cover and
surrounding temperature for five days within rainy season in the premises of Mandalay
Technological University, Myanmar at 21˚ N, 96 ̊ E. In this research, the use of glass
cover sheet solar still was observed that at Day 3 the maximum output volume 237 ml
was obtained and polycarbonate cover sheet still was observed that at Day 5 the
maximum output volume 136 ml was obtained. The distillate volume of glass cover solar
still was obtained a maximum output volume than another one within operation. The TDS
(Total dissolved solids) of the treated water was obtained 12 ppm after distillation.
Keywords: Brackish water, Productivity, Two-stage solar still, Distillation, TDS

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Glycolipid Purification Using Ionic Liquid
Yusuke Suzuki, Kazuhiko Noda, Junpei Aisu, Shuta Hara, Kazuya Kabayama,
Hiroki Ikake, Shigeru Shimizu, Yasunori Kushi
Department of Materials and Applied Chemistry, College of Science and Technology,
suzuki.yuusuke@nihon-u.ac.jp
ABSTRACT
Previously, we established the method of glycoconjugate purification using 1,2-

dichloroethane (DCE) for such situations as follows: removal of detergents from
glycolipids in sucrose gradient fractions, removal of backgrounds in glycolipid sample
recovered from thin-layer chromatography plate, or removal of excess fluorescence
reagents from pyridylaminated oligosaccharides. However, DCE is toxic, vapor, and may
cause cancer. Therefore, an alternative solvent is awaited for the above procedures. In
this study, we examined glycolipid purification by ionic liquid extraction and found that
1-buthyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide ([bmim] [I]) is comparable potential to DCE for
the removal of detergents from glycolipids.
Keywords: Glycoconjugate purification, 1,2-dichloroethane, Glycolipid, Ionic liquid

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Optimization of Arsenic Removal by Using Burnt Rice Straw
Hnin Zabe Phyu Win, Hnin Yu Khaing

snowjasmine317@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
This paper deals with the study of arsenic removal by burnt rice straw using batch
experiment. Box-Behnken statistical experimental design and response surface
methodology were applied to study the effects of operating conditions such as initial
arsenic concentration, adsorbent dosage and agitation time on arsenic removal efficiency.
The positive and negative effects of variables and interaction between them on arsenic
removal were determined. This model enabled quadratic models which were adequate to
approach responses and to carry out optimization under the conditions studied. The
optimum conditions were found to be 60 µg/L of arsenic concentration, dosage 3 g and
agitation time 90min with arsenic removal of 92.805%. The model developed was in
good agreement with experimental results.
Keywords: Burnt rice straw, Box-behnken statistical design, Response surface

methodology, SEM, EDX
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NATURAL DISASTER PREVENTION

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Development of Boat-Type Robot for

Velocity Measurement in Natural River
Michio Sanjou
Department of Civil and Earth Resources Eng., Kyoto University, Japan
michio.sanjou@water.kuciv.kyoto-u.ac.jp
ABSTRACT
Boat-type robot was developed by using one-board microcomputer which can measure
automatically mean velocity in river flows. Combination of camera tracking system and
PID control could make the robot remain the position against main stream, and it results
in reasonable evaluation of mean velocity by a duty-ratio of screw propeller motor.
Reliable laboratory experiments with electromagnetic velocimetry were conducted to
obtain a calibration curve that connects the duty-ratio and mean current velocity.
Moreover, the present robot could be found to move successfully in not only the
laboratory flume but also in natural creek.
Keywords: Boat-type robot, Automatic measurement, Velocity in river flow, PID

control, Image sensing technique
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Tentative Building Vulnerability Assessment of Yangon
Osamu Murao, Hideomi Gokon, Kimiro Meguro, Khin Than Yu

International Research Institute of Disaster Science
Tohoku University, Japan
murao@irides.tohoku.ac.jp
ABSTRACT
It is difficult to evaluate urban vulnerability for a city, such as building collapse risk,
without proper datasets. However, there are lots of developing countries in the world who
do not catalogue enough data. In this context, this paper reports a process to assess
building collapse risk of Yangon with tentative data.
Keywords: Fragility curves, Ground conditions, Building characteristics, Sanchaung

Township, Tokyo
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Analysing and Surveying the Damaged Bagan Pagodas
K-zin Phyo, Myint Myint Sein, Thae Maung Maung and Myat Thiri Khine
Geographical Information System Lab, University of Computer Studies
kzinphyo@ucsy.edu.mm
ABSTRACT
Analysing and surveying are the critical tasks for the damaged ancient Bagan pagodas
due to the impact of earthquake. In this paper, we will present the some resent results of
the area photo survey and 3D map producing project. That project will provide to
maintain, rescue, renovation and reconstruction processes after disaster. The hexa rotor
aircraft is applied for image acquisition. Before generating the 3D map and 3D model by
Pix4D, the image enhancing, alignment and removing processes are performed based on
the imaging geometry and morphological operations for obtaining the accurate 3D aerial
map. By removing the un-required images and performing the alignment process, the
time complexities will be reduced and accuracy rate will be increased. The effectiveness
of this proposed approach can be confirmed through the comparison of the experimental
results.
Keywords: Damaged ancient pagodas, Analysing and surveying, Renovation,

Reconstruction, Image alignment, Morphological processing
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Earthquake Disaster Mitigation Based on Single Microtremor

Measurement for Ende at East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Khin Myo Tun, Subagyo Pramumijoyo, Sismanto, Junji Kiyono

Geological Engineering Department, Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia
khinmyotun.geol@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Wide development of earthquake damage especially in most tectonically active places

such as Indonesia, Myanmar always leads to seismic hazard. The purpose of the study is
to reduce these seismic hazards occurrence with regards to future earthquakes potential.
For this purpose the single microtremor observations of 161 points were carried out
by using the three-component accelerometer with data logger, GPL-6A3P, in Ende,
Indonesia. These data were processed by the horizontal-to-vertical (H/V) spectral ratio
technique (HVSR). The results show that site response in Ende area varies significantly:
predominant period are 0.7-1.3 Sec and the amplification factors are between 1.4 and 8.8.
Knowledge of the thickness of sedimentary layer, and Peak ground acceleration (PGA) is
essential to evaluate earthquake hazard. To evaluate the sediment thickness of the soft
soil layers overlying on the bedrock, we used geological information of the study area
and estimated shear wave velocity structures from Numerical analysis of Discrete Wave
Number method (DWM) comparing with microtremors single observation data. We
could estimate average shear wave velocity (156m/s) from this numerical analysis. Peak
ground acceleration (PGA) can be calculated from earthquake magnitude, epicenter
distance to the measurement points, and predominant periods of the ground. Finally,
we could predict site effect based on geology, Peak ground acceleration (PGA) and
sediment thickness of the soft soil layers for the future earthquakes.
Keywords: Microtremors, HVSR, Predominant period, Amplification factors, Peak

ground acceleration, Discrete wave number
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Overview of T-BAGS Base Isolation Method for Building Foundation
Lai Lai Oo, Kinji Takeuchi, Yasuo Tomono, Yohei Okimoto

Takeuchi Construction Inc., Hirosima, Japan
mail@takeuchi-const.co.jp
ABSTRACT
Tension BAGS (T-BAGS) can reduce seismic effect and earlier restoration from an
earthquake disaster. It is safe and secure in low-cost construction method. Two-layer of
TBAGS can reduce earthquake vibration by top and bottom bags sliding. This paper
describes general conception of TBAGS Base Isolation System for building foundation
with specification of the T-BAGS and the construction process including its
characteristics, effectiveness and model results. According our study, T-BAGS Base
Isolation Method can reduce the earthquake vibration from 800 gal of input to
approximate 250 gal as its response motion and also reduce the 80% cost of the existing
method to introduce.
Keywords: Base isolation, Earthquake, Building foundation, T-BAGS, Seismic effects

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Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Supporting Facilities in a Hospital
Aung Htet, Khin Aye Mon, Nyo Nyo Tun

aunghtet.civil@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Myanmar is an earthquake-prone developing country which has a great strike-slip active

fault called Sagaing fault, about 50 km far from Yangon. The return period of Sagaing
fault is of 50 to 80 years. This condition places Yangon, Naypyitaw, Bago and Mandalay
at risk. Structural failures in recent earthquakes have shown the need of Seismic Risk
Assessment (SRA) that is capable of predicting the probability of failure of structures.
Hospitals which have to provide emergent treatment must be structurally resilient and
functional during and after earthquakes especially in earthquake-prone developing
countries. This research is conducted to investigate the structural vulnerability and
functionality of the water supply system in a hospital in Yangon under MOE, DBE and
MCE seismic hazard levels. The selected case study is Thingangyun (Sanpya) hospital. It
consists of main hospital system and supporting system. In this research, water supply
system in Thingangyun (Sanpya) hospital is selected for the vulnerability assessment.
Modeling and analysis of water supply buildings is carried out by using SAP 2000
software. The safety assessment to comply the performance requirements of IO, LS and
CP levels is performed using pushover analysis, considering up to nonlinear
characteristics. The safety of pipelines is assessed by using seismic design calculations
developed by the response displacement method. Reliability analysis of the whole system
will be conducted by FORTRAN programming language. The results show that elevated
water tank collapses under both DBE and MCE levels whereas pump house fails only
under MCE level. All CI pipes are beyond the performance limit states and found to
collapse under DBE and MCE earthquakes.
Keywords: Seismic risk assessment, Pushover analysis, Seismic hazard levels, Safety
assessment, Water supply system
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Situational Analysis on
Damaged Monuments after 2016 Chauk Earthquake
Zin Zin Nwe, Kyaw Zaya Htun, Nilar Aye, Aung Kyaw Myat
zinzinnwe.civil@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
On 24 August 2016, a magnitude 6.8 Chauk earthquake has stuck central Myanmar and
damaged almost 500 temples in Bagan. Field investigation was done with the help of
master students from the Department of Civil Engineering, Mandalay Technological
University. The damaged data of Bagan monuments are also collected from the
Department of Archaeology. According to the surveyed data, damage levels are classified
as three groups such as slight, moderate and heavy damage. In 1992, Pieere Pichard
inventoried the information of pagan monuments based on their construction period
(century AD), type, size, storey, ground plan, upper part, decoration and epigraphy.
Regarding to the surveyed data of damaged monuments and inventory records, the
vulnerable ranks are defined according to their construction period, types, sizes, storey,
ground plan, and upper part. It will be very useful for assessing the seismic vulnerability
of Bagan monuments for future earthquakes
Keywords: Chauk Earthquake, Bagan Monuments, Field Investigation, Inventory

Records, Vulnerable Ranks
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Analyzing Climatic and Disaster Impacts on

Bagan Heritage Monuments, Myanmar
Wint Tin Htut Latt, Pwint, Mg Hlaing

Department of Architecture, Yangon Technological University
wint2009@gmial.com
ABSTRACT
Bagan is one of the famous heritage cities of Myanmar and famous all over the world due
to its numerous pagodas, monuments and natural setting. According to the Bagan
inventory (1993), there are over 2230 monuments in Bagan and it can be seen obviously
that ancient architectural styles and detailed ornamentations are beautifully decorated
which are one of the attractions and values of Bagan. Moreover, Bagan is well known for
its tangible cultural properties such as immovable over 2,000 monuments and
archaeological sites especially and also some villages which make Bagan as a living city.
Bagan is located in the central Myanmar and an active earthquake zone in the vast
expense of plains which is on the eastern banks of the Ayeyarwaddy River. Due to its
locations, there are several climatic and disaster pressures on Bagan monuments and
many historic monuments were deteriorated and collapsed due to earthquakes and
flooding. Cracks and deteriorations in monuments were caused and plants and small
vegetation on monuments due to rain water erosion led to structural failure also. As
consequences, many monuments were conserved by improper conservation techniques
and loss of heritage values and authenticity. Therefore, in this research, existing
conditions of the area and monuments conditions will be studied first. Then, climatic and
disaster impacts on monuments and area will be assessed by Heritage Impact Assessment
method. Finally, findings and recommendations will be given and hopefully this study
will be useful to some extent for further researches.
Keywords: Heritage, Culture heritage, Tangible culture, Conservation, Authenticity,

Integrity, Heritage impact assessment
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The relationship between flood and poverty

~The case study in Myanmar~
Genki Kawamura, Akiyuki Kawasaki, Win Win Zin

Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Japan
genki4112@hydra.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp
ABSTRACT
Poverty is the worldwide issue to be overcome and the relationship between disasters and
poverty are indicated in many previous researches. Flood is estimated to increase in some
countries including Myanmar because of the climate change. However, there are few
local-scale poverty analyses focusing on flood. We conducted a questionnaire survey in
Bago city, Myanmar, in order to shed light on the relationship between flood and poverty
on household-level. As a result of regression analysis and spatial analysis, we found that
poor people tend to live in flooded area and flood caused a negative influence on people
as for poverty conditions. Thus we suggest resettlement as possible flood countermeasure
and poverty mitigation.
Keywords: Flood, Poverty, Myanmar, Questionnaire survey

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Investigation on Seismic Fragility Assessment for

Vulnerable Buildings in Mandalay Region
Win Cherry, Aye Mya Cho

wincherry5@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
This paper presents investigation on seismic fragility assessment of existing brick-

nogging buildings in Mandalay region. These buildings were selected because they were
mostly constructed by local occupant. Nonlinear Static (Push-over) Analysis method is
used to check performance levels of structure under minimum operational earthquake
(MOE), design basic earthquake (DBE) and maximum considered earthquake (MCE)
ground motions. Development of fragility estimates can be a fundamental tool in pre-
disaster vulnerability assessment of any existing building. Fragility curves are derived by
using analytical approach with capacity spectrum method. The method of displacement
control analysis is used. The 2% of total structure heights is used for displacement control
value. The main objective of this paper is to investigate the seismic performance and
damage probability of existing non-engineered brick-nogging buildings under strong
earthquake shaking. The study shows that the buildings are most vulnerable to slight
damage and least vulnerable to complete damage. In this paper, design requirements are
referenced from ATC-40, FEMA 356 and HAZUS MH and it is designed out by using
Structural Analysis Program (SAP 2000) software.
Keywords: Seismic performances, Seismic fragility assessment, Vulnerable buildings,

Fragility curves, Push-over analysis, Brick-nogging buildings
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Investigation on Structural Deficiencies of

Existing Reinforced Concrete Buildings
Nay Yee Kyaw, Zaw Min Htun

casper.girl89@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
This paper presents investigation on the structural deficiencies of existing reinforced

concrete buildings. Selected existing buildings are mid-rise reinforced concrete buildings
with regular and irregular shapes located in four townships of Mandalay. Total of twelve
existing buildings are performed and all are situated in seismic zone 4. All the structures
are composed of special moment resisting frames and are designed out by using ETABS
software. The lateral load pattern for the analysis is based on the UBC-97 and the design
requirements of the ACI 318 code are used. Original design categories are modified
according to structural design provisions. All the structures are initially analysed under
linear static condition. Then, structural stability checking and design information
checking are performed. From these checking, it is observed that three existing buildings
(Model 3, 6 and 12) are unsatisfied in torsional irregularity and eight existing buildings
(Model 3, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12) are found in deficiencies of beam/column capacity
and joint shear capacity ratio. After this, nonlinear static (pushover) analysis is carried
out for performance evaluation of existing RC buildings under design earthquake.
Performance check from nonlinear static analysis results show that the performances of
seven-number existing RC buildings are very poor and the rests are in collapse
prevention level. All selected existing RC structures have low ductility demand and thus
their abilities are not good.
Keywords: Structural deficiencies, Existing reinforced concrete buildings, UBC-97,

Design earthquake, Linear static and nonlinear static analysis
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Investigation on Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) Simulation of

Wind Flow around Buildings
Thet Mon Soe, San Yu Khaing

thetmonsoe.658@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Nowadays, High rise buildings are the symbol of urbanization. Lateral forces are the
major factor which distinguishes the high-rise buildings from other low rise buildings and
wind force is the most significant lateral force on the high-rise buildings. On Earth, wind
consists of the bulk movement of air. Wind is caused by differences in pressure. When a
difference in pressure exists, the air is accelerated from higher to lower pressure. In this
paper, the prediction of wind flow pattern near high-rise buildings for different layers of
surrounding lower buildings is addressed. To study wind effect, 3D wind flow condition
around high-rise building is developed using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) code
FLUENT and then pressure coefficient and wake region around the building was
evaluated by numerical simulation. Simulations are performed in steady-state in ANSYS-
Fluent 17. The turbulence model is used as the RANS based model: the standard k-
epsilon model. Contour line of the velocity deviation at the front corners of the building
and wake structure at leeward side of the building. High wind speed area extending form
front corners of the building to sideways. The wake length of target building with array
two rows lower buildings case is the longest and single building case is the shortest.
Keywords: Computational fluid dynamics (CFD), RANS equation, Standard K- Ɛ model,

High-rise building, Wake region
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Performance-Based Seismic Design and Structural Reliability

Assessment of RC Building
Aung Mon, Hla Myo Aung

aungmon.civil@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The performance-based seismic design approach is widely used to design new structures
more economically and to assess existing structures more realistically under
serviceability, design based and maximum considered earthquakes. In the first portion of
this study, Performance-Based Seismic Design using nonlinear pushover analysis is a
highly iterative process to meet performance objective. In the second step, this study
evaluated the structural reliability of seismic design methodologies for beams, columns
and reinforced concrete buildings using Matlab Simulation. The coefficient of variation
for three random variables such as applied loading (10%), material resistance variations
of concrete (20%) and reinforcement steel (20%) are considered. The probability of
failure can be accessed from the normal distributions of probability modeling the
uncertainties affecting parameters and from using first order, second –moment methods
(FOSM).
Keywords: Performance-based seismic design, Nonlinear pushover analysis, Probability

of failure, Normal distribution, FOSM
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Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Lifeline System to

Support a Hospital Demands
Chit Nyein Aye, Khin Aye Mon, Htun Myint

chitnyein.civil@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Lifeline earthquake disaster brings not only property loss, but also functional damage to
urban activities and socioeconomic loss. This study deals with the system reliability and
the connectivity of the main distribution pipe network between the supply and demand
nodes. In this paper, one of the water supply network system of a hospital in Yangon
region, existing among the other lifeline systems is proposed to assess the seismic
vulnerability based on the three limit states: IO, LS and CP corresponding to MOE, DBE
and MCE, respectively. As a result, most of aged mechanical joint pipes along the study
area should be replaced with newly developed pipes to prevent from pull-out and
buckling failures due to seismic effects.
Keywords: Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis maps, Deterministic seismic hazard

analysis, Response velocity spectrum SV, Structural safety analysis,
Probability of functional damage
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Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of a Hospital
Yin Nwe Oo, Khin Aye Mon, Nyan Myint Kyaw

yinnweooyn@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
This research is about the vulnerability assessment of reinforced concrete hospital

building due to Maximum Operational Earthquake (MOE), Damage-Based Earthquake
(DBE) and Maximum Considered Earthquake (MCE). When the damage is exceeded a
particular state, probability is described by the fragility curves. For modelling and
analysing of the structure, Sap 2000 software is used. It is to use non-linear static
pushover analysis procedure according to the ATC 40 guidelines. To develop fragility
curves, capacity curves are used, which are the results from the pushover analysis.
Finally, the three damage performance levels of the hospital will be estimated such as
Immediate Occupancy (IO), Level of Safety (LS) and Collapse Prevention (CP) using
fragility curves. The seismic vulnerability assessment is used for risk quantification of the
hospital.
Keywords: Vulnerability assessment, Performance-based analysis (IO, LS and CP),

Linear static analysis, Nonlinear static pushover analysis, Fragility curves
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INFRASTRUCTURE
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Development of Geospatial Platform (G-Space) for

Disaster Resilience System in Myanmar
Ko Ko Lwin, Toshikazu Seto, Wataru Takeuchi, Yoshihide Sekimoto

Human Centred Urban Informatics, Institute of Industrial Science
kokolwin@iis.u-tokyo.ac.jp
ABSTRACT
This paper outlines the development of geospatial platform (G-Space) for disaster
resilience system in Myanmar by collaborating between Yangon Technology University,
Myanmar and The University of Tokyo, Japan under the SATREPS (Science and
Technology Research Partnership for Sustainable Development) program. SATREPS is
expected to lead to outcomes with potential for practical utilization, and to enhance
research capacity in the developing countries all around the world. The aims of geospatial
resilience system are to collect, share, visualize and analyse geospatial data to decision
makers especially for disaster management and emergency preparedness through Web-
GIS technology.
Keywords: Geospatial platform, G-Space, Disaster resilience system, SATREPS, Web-

GIS
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Rain-Induced Sediment-Related Disasters (Japan and Myanmar) and

Introduction of Some Research Approaches
Thi Ha
Port and Airport Department, Nippon Koei Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
ha-th@n-koei.jp
ABSTRACT
It is well known that heavy rainfall causes sediment-related disaster such as slope failures
and landslides in hilly and mountainous areas, and led to severe damage to both life and
property. To mitigate the damages of such disasters, it is necessary to construct
countermeasures in dangerous area. Considering the difficulty of the completion of
hardware type countermeasures at all potentially failure prone slopes, a better software
system by early prediction and warning system should be established to be secured
human lives from sediment-related disasters. However, there are some urgent ongoing
issues for early prediction such as [what is governing factor for rain-induced slope
failures], [how rainwater infiltrates and generates groundwater in subsoil layer of slopes]
and [how to estimate groundwater flow easily using on-going rainfall records so that the
warning can be evaluated rapidly]. In this paper, some of rain-induced sediment-related
disasters in Japan and Myanmar and its characteristics will be introduced. Then, some
research approaches [to elucidate the mechanism of rain-induced surface failures], [to
know unsaturated and saturated rainwater infiltration in-situ slopes] and [to predict
groundwater flow easily by using on-going rainfall records] will be introduced.
Keywords: Slope failure, Landslide, Rainfall infiltration, Groundwater flow, Model test,
In-situ monitoring
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Comparison of Load Testing and

FE Analysis Results of Maubin Bridge
Yasuo Suzuki, Khin Maung Zaw, Kunitomo Sugiura, Myo Win

Department of Civil and Earth Resources Engineering, Kyoto University, Japan
suzuki.yasuo.7c@kyoto-u.ac.jp
ABSTRACT
Maubin Bridge in Myanmar was constructed on the Ayeyarwady River in 1998 and it
was originally designed with the assumed earthquake load of 0.1g, which is lower than
the values described in the new seismic zone map of Myanmar (2012). Hence, the
performance of the bridge under the increased seismic loads is urgently evaluated for the
potential seismic retrofit. To evaluate the current load carrying capacity of the bridge,
static and dynamic load tests were done on the bridge from 20 th to 23rd September 2016
while the traffic was closed. According to the static analysis results from ABAQUS, the
design wind load and increased seismic loads of 0.4g caused largest overstresses mainly
in diagonal members while dynamic explicit analysis results show that all the seismic
load levels (0.1g to 0.4g) cause over stresses in top chords and diagonals. The member
strains and fundamental frequencies acquired from load tests show good agreement with
the results obtained from FE model. It is also verified that when the earthquake load is
increased from 0.1g to 0.2g or 0.4g, the resistance of piles against the earthquake cannot
be assured anymore and the earthquake resistance of the bridge in the longitudinal
direction is weaker than that in the transverse direction.
Keywords: Maubin bridge, Static analysis, Dynamic explicit analysis, Static load testing,
Dynamic load testing
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Asian Concrete Model Code for Sustainable Infrastructures
Tamon UEDA
Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Japan
ueda@eng.hokudai.ac.jp
ABSTRACT
Many national codes in Asia are heavily influenced by those from either Europe or the
USA. The climatic, technological and economic conditions together with the material
properties in Asia are, however, quite different from those in Europe and the USA, and
even different among Asian countries. Thus, many Asian countries need their own
national codes with suitable concepts and technologies. For this purpose, international
code harmonization with the new direction of life cycle management (LCM) would
provide an efficient way. The International Committee on Concrete Model Code for Asia
(ICCMC) was established in 1994 as the first international body in Asia. The ICCMC
issued the Asian Concrete Model Code (ACMC) in 2001 the first international structural
code in Asia. The ACMC is an umbrella code with a performance-based concept and a
multi-level document structure. The ACMC has been a model for various national codes.
The main features of the ACMC, i.e. the performance-based concept, durability design
concept, seismic design concept and the inclusion of maintenance/repair, are shared with
JSCE Standard Specifications in Japan. The ICCMC and then Asian Concrete Federation
(ACF) have been working together with ISO/TC71 towards international code
harmonization.
Keywords: Model code, International code, Harmonization of code, Performance-based

concept, Life cycle management
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Location and Transportation Services for Yangon Region
Myat Thiri Khine, Myint Myint Sein

Research and Development Department (GIS Lab), University of Computer Studies
myatthirikhine@ucsy.edu.mm
ABSTRACT
Location-based services applications are widely used in many developed countries. But it
still poor in developing countries as Myanmar. One of the requirements of the cities of
Myanmar is to fulfill the effective transportation services and location-based services not
only for the local people but also for tourists who are not familiar with transportation
system and places in Myanmar. Transportation system in Myanmar is very complex and
most of the Myanmar people use the public transportation bus lines. In this proposed
system, the desired nearest places in Yangon region can be searched and it also guides
where the bus stop is and which buses need to take to get there with public buses. This
application can be used on the mobile devices. To quickly retrieve the desired
information, a new index structure that combines the inverted is constructed. In this index
structure, Hilbert space filling curve and B-tree is used.
Keywords: Location-based service, Transportation services, Hilbert curve, B-tree, Index

structure
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Study on Compressive Strength Behavior of Lime Stabilized Soils
Zu Zay Hnin, Nyan Myint Kyaw, Kyaw Kyaw

Civil Engineering Department, Yangon Technological University
zuzayhnin@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Clayey soils are well known for their high plasticity, high swelling index and low
strength characteristics. Therefore, they need proper stabilization for use in construction
of roads, airfields and buildings. Mostly, lime stabilization or cement stabilization is
carried out in order to improve the strength of soil by stabilization. The field of study of
this topic is specially emphasized about testing the compressive strength behaviors of
clayey soil stabilized with lime. Fifteen types of clayey soil samples are used in this
study. The samples are collected along Ayeyarwaddy Delta Region, Myanmar. The
objectives of this study are to produce equations for predicting the compressive strength
of lime stabilized soils from the selected parameters, to investigate about the strength
improvement of clayey soil stabilized with lime for examining the changes of engineering
behaviors of clayey soils such as liquid limit, water content, density etc. after stabilizing
with lime. The laboratory testing methods include in this study are sieve analysis,
hydrometer analysis, atterberg limit test, compacting test, specific gravity test, moisture
content and unconfined compressive strength test. Statistical Package for Social Science
(SPSS) is used for analyzing the data and for producing predicted equations by the use of
multiple regression models. Liquid limit, water content, clay content, specific gravity,
percent finer, plasticity index, dry density and unconfined compressive strength are
selected as parameters for analysis.
Keywords: Stabilization, Lime, Clay, Compressive strength, Regression model

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Recent Pipe Jacking Technology in Japan and

Its Application Examples into ASEAN Countries
Naung NAUNG, Hideki SHIMADA, Sugeng WAHYUDI,

Takashi SASAOKA, Tomo MORITA, Fumihiko MATSUMOTO
Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
naungnaung.2me@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Demand for installation of various pipes/cables in underground area is growing due to the
rapid urban development in recent years. The common construction methods are open-
cut, pipe jacking, and shield jacking. It is generally said that shallow pipelines should be
constructed by the cut-and-cover method, and deep pipelines might be carried by using a
trenchless method. In Japan, when carrying out underground pipeline installation, due to
heavy traffic conditions and increasing numbers of underground utilities, the pipe jacking
methods in urban areas has replaced the conventional cut-and-cover method. This method
has been achieved remarkable progress with the development of technical infrastructure.
Today’s pipe jacking technology in Japan has been firmly established as a special method
for non-disruptive construction of underground pipelines for sewage, water supply,
telecommunications, electricity, and gas. As the pipe jacking method has made
technological innovations, it becomes available for pipe-line construction of larger
diameter, longer drive length with more accuracy by using laser guided targeting, etc.
Additionally, the development of effective, appropriately designed utilization of deep
strata is also strongly encouraged due to increasingly complex shallow utilities. This
paper will discuss the development of pipe jacking method in Japan and its usage into
ASEAN countries.
Keywords: Trenchless method, Urban infrastructure, Pipe jacking, Non-disruptive

method, Technological innovations
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Estimation of Daily Supply Based

Current Bus Service Area for Mandalay City
Su Pe Thu, Kay Thwe Tun

supethu@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Buses are the only available organized public transport system in Mandalay City.
Moreover, transportation system of Mandalay City is under huge challenge of managing
growing number of private cars and motorcycles. GIS has several techniques and
function that can be used for bus service planning. Each one of these functions can be
applied for different transport related issues. However, based on the previous studies,
there is an absence of the method for calculating bus service area, taking into account the
spatial and social dimensions. The first part of the study focuses in developing the radial
distances in order to analyse the bus service area. The second part of the study is related
to identifying the levels of accessibility to the bus routes. In the zone (ward) based
accessibility measurement, the bus service area covers 26.5 km 2 which represents 30.9%
of the total area with approximately 24% (218978) of the total population (899486). In
the route based accessibility measurement, there is 67 km good cover length in the total
service length of 1350km. The bordering neighbourhoods of the bus service area have a
low score of accessibility to the bus routes. The approach, defined the bus service area,
determined the levels of accessibility using spatial analysis and spatial selection method.
Thus, it can be concluded that the service area analysis in this study supports the
decision-makers.
Keywords: Transportation system, Geographic information system (GIS), Bus service

area, Zone (ward) based accessibility measurement, Route based accessibility
measurement
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Coupling-Building Method for Pounding of

Adjacent High-rise Buildings
Thae Mon Zaw, Hla Myo Aung

thaemonzaw@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
This paper describes coupling-building method for pounding between adjacent high-rise
buildings. Coupling building method uses passive viscous dampers by which the adjacent
buildings are connected to each other. To improve the seismic performance of the
adjacent buildings, it is necessary to perform sufficient reinforcement in spaces that are
already used. In metropolitan cities such as Yangon and Mandalay, these spaces are very
limited and are not sufficient. Furthermore, in high-rise buildings, seismic retrofit is
much more difficult not only for the above reasons but also because of the difficulties of
the construction work and changes in the structural system due to the structural
reinforcements. Seismic pounding is defined as the collision of adjacent buildings during
earthquakes due to insufficient separation gap between buildings. Pounding Effects
between adjacent buildings aims at studying between adjacent buildings by nonlinear
dynamic analysis. Firstly, the required ground motion records are obtained from PEER
ground motion database by using input parameters. Secondly, the adjacent two buildings
are separately analysed and the maximum displacements of two buildings at connecting
corner points are resulted. Thirdly, two buildings connected with dampers are
continuously analysed for pounding effect by using nonlinear time history analysis.
Finally, it is observed that the maximum displacements between two adjacent buildings
by using dampers are reduced as compared to the case of the independent system.
Keywords: Coupling building method, Seismic pounding, PEER ground motion

database, Non-linear time history, Maximum displacement
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Development of Stress Reduction Method on

the Integral Bridge Under Dynamic Loading
Hay Man Myint Maung, Kyaw Lin Htat

haymanmyintmaung@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The integral bridge type considered for this study is four lane concrete slab on nine steel
plate girders with integral abutment and integral pier. The study objectives are to
establish stress reduction method on integral bridge under dynamic loading. Forces and
stresses that develop in the superstructure and substructure of integral bridges as a result
of dynamic loading are investigated. Applied loading consists of temperature changes in
the superstructure, different dynamic loadings such as seismic load, wind load, breaking
load, ship collision, high speed moving load, in additional to gravity loads, earth pressure
and surcharge load. Nonlinear time history analyses and moving load analysis are used to
assess the seismic performance of integral bridge as a function of various stress reduction
parameters considered in this study. The largest dynamically induced superstructure
forces and stresses occurred near at superstructure near integral portion, integral abutment
and pile foundations. However the main issue related to the analysis of this type of
structures is dealing with frame interaction of superstructure, abutment walls and the
supporting piles. It was determined that bridge length and abutment height most strongly
influence dynamically induced superstructure forces. In the analysis, five different stress
reduction methods are used. The bridge model was analysed by using SAP 2000
Software.
Keywords: Dynamic loads, Stress reduction, Steel plate girders, Integral abutment,
Integral pier
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Report of Monitoring Results of

Main Tower Inclination in Twantay Bridge, Myanmar
Win Bo, Liyanto Eddy, Kohei Nagai, Koji Matsumoto, Takeshi Miyashita
kowinbo.civil@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Twantay Bridge constructed in Yangon suburbs in 2006 is a single-span suspension

bridge. An inspection was conducted on the bridge in 2012, and it was reported that the
bridge had lost a great deal of chamber since the completion. It was suggested that
because the anchorage blocks are laid on the cast-in-place concrete piles and the soil
condition surrounded the anchorage blocks is considered as soft soil, the horizontal force
of the main cable may move the anchorage forward. As a result, both main towers were
inclined. An easy, simple, and independent monitoring system was proposed in order to
investigate whether the movement has stopped or not. The condition of the bridge and the
proposed monitoring system are described in this paper. The monitoring system was
installed on one main tower at the South side of Twantay Bridge to observe the
inclination of the tower. The monitoring results from mid of May 2016 until mid of
September 2016 are also described in this paper. In addition, the measured inclination is
the change of the inclination from May 2016. Based on the monitoring results, no
inclination perpendicular to the bridge axis direction is observed. Meanwhile, the main
tower is inclined slightly in the bridge axis direction, toward the anchorage block
recovering its original position. It implies that the main tower has been in a stable
condition. The monitoring is still ongoing to capture the future change of the bridge
condition
Keywords: Simple monitoring system, Main tower inclination, Bridge inspection, Bridge
maintenance
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Study on Influence of Joint Rigidity for Precast Frame Buildings
Hnin Yee Oo, Khin Su Su Htwe, Hla Hla Htay

hninyeeoo.hyo92@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
This research is based on eight-storeyed rectangular shaped precast frame building with
seismic zone 2B of Myanmar and the structure is composed of precast frames, precast
beams and precast slabs. This study presents the influence of joint rigidity for three types
of precast frame systems: U-shaped, H-shaped and combined L and T-shaped, whereby it
is look for the difference between various rigidity connections in each type of frame
system, and the difference between the frame systems in the same rigidity connection.
The linear static analysis is carried out for the analysis of superstructure. It is found that
the larger the rigidity percent in the frames, the smaller the deformation values. Based on
the obtained results, it has been found that the combined L and T-shaped frame system is
appropriate frame system in terms of overall stability and economy.
Keywords: Seismic resistant, Different joint rigidity, Precast frame systems,

Deformation
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Effect of Floating Columns on Seismic Response of

Multi-storeyed R.C Framed Buildings
Hnin Ei Khaing, Kyaw Kyaw

hnineikhaing17@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
This paper presents the effect of floating columns which is varying on seismic response
of multi-storeyed buildings. The effect of varying the location of floating column floor
wise and within the floor of multi-storeyed R.C framed building on various structural
response quantities of the building using static and dynamic analysis will be investigated
significantly. In this study, equivalent static analysis and dynamic analysis using response
spectrum method is done for a multi-storeyed building with and without floating
columns. Different cases of the building are studied by varying the location of floating
columns. The structural response of the building models with respect to fundamental time
period, spectral acceleration, base shear, storey drift and storey displacements are
investigated. The analysis is carried out using software SAP2000 v18.0.1 software.
Keywords: Floating column, Seismic response, Equivalent static analysis, Response

spectrum analysis, Multi-storeyed R.C framed building
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Experimental Study on Strength Behaviours of

Clayey Soils by Using Lime and Bagasse Ash
Wint Thiri Maw, Htay Win, Nu Nu Win

wintthirimawytu@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
In this paper, two different natural clayey soils – CL, CH are mixed with lime only and lime-
bagasse ash to analyse the improvement of the strength of soils. Yangon Technological
University (YTU) soil is CL – Lean Clay and North Dagon (ND) soil is CH – Fat Clay. Bagasse,
the fibrous residue of sugarcane straws, is cheap and eco-friendly. By using bagasse ash, disposal
problems can be reduced. A lot of admixtures of soils with different percentages of lime and
bagasse ash were modelled. The various laboratory tests for this research are physical tests such
as moisture content, free swell ratio, specific gravity, sieve analysis, hydrometer, Atterberg’s
limit tests- liquid limit, plastic limit and shrinkage limit and mechanical tests such as standard
proctor compaction test, California bearing ratio test (CBR). This research includes lime and
bagasse ash ratio of 4%lime-6%bagasse ash (L4B6), 4%lime-8%bagasse ash (L4B8), 4%lime-
10%bagasse ash (L4B10), 6%lime-6%bagasse ash (L6B6), 6%lime-8%bagasse ash (L6B8),
6%lime-10%bagasse ash (L6B10) for YTU soil and 4%lime-6%bagasse ash (L4B6), 4%lime-
8%bagasse ash (L4B8), 4%lime-10%bagasse ash (L4B10), 6%lime-4%bagasse ash (L6B4),
6%lime-6%bagasse ash (L6B6), 6%lime-8%bagasse ash (L6B8) for ND soil. At first, two
different soils are mixed with L4, L6, L8 and L10. The CBR strengths are very low at natural
condition. The CBR values increase remarkably by adding lime content but CBR values decrease
at L10. At 8% addition of lime, the CBR strengths of two soils are the best. Therefore, B6 and B8
were added to L4 and L6 to reduce the lime per cent and to get the same strengths of L8. The
CBR strengths of lime-bagasse ash content are better than original soils. Unconfined compressive
strength (UCS) test was conducted on the best combination of two soils (L8, L6B8 and L6B6).
The stress-strain behaviours of two soils are markedly affected by lime-bagasse ash. This study
gives the effective ratio of lime – bagasse ash to stabilize the clayey soils.
Keywords: Clayey soils, Lime, Bagasse ash, Strengths, Compaction, CBR, UCS
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Identification of Deterioration Symptoms and Possible Causes for

Reinforced Concrete Structure in Mandalay
Ohnmar Zaw, Kyaw Moe Aung

eimonkyaw35@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
This paper presents the identification of deterioration symptoms of four storeyed

reinforced concrete structures in Mandalay. It is located in Chan Aye Tarzan Township.
Preliminary inspection was carried out to obtain the essential information such as period
of construction, exposure conditions, design and present use of the structure. The
building was constructed in 1992 and now various deterioration signs are found. It is
observed that the overall dimension of the building is 118′x37′ consists of 40 units and
10′x30′ for each unit. Visual inspection was carried out on 16.8.2016 to 25.9.2016 to
evaluate the structural soundness and identify the typical distress symptoms together with
the associated problems. Wide and longitudinal cracks are occurred in floor beams and
columns around the kitchen and toilet shafts. Excessive spalling of concrete is found at
the bottom of floor slab around the kitchens and toilets. Excessive cracking, spalling and
disintegration of concrete are also found on stair slab. The bottoms of the columns on the
ground floor are also distressed by cracking, swelling and disintegration of concrete. The
causes are identified according to U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. The wide longitudinal
cracks are longitudinal splitting cracks formed due to corrosion of reinforcing steel. For
map cracking, swelling and disintegrating of concrete observed at the bottoms of the
columns, the main causes are chemical reaction (alkaliaggregate reaction) and drying
shrinkage. Corrosion of reinforcing steel is also the main cause for spalling of concrete.
Keywords: Seismic Resistant, Different Joint Rigidity, Precast Frame Systems,

Deformation
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3D Structure-From-Motion Data Acquisition and Processing for

Twantay Bridge Inclination Assessment
Nunitkorn Kitratporn, Wataru Takeuchi, Koji Matsumoto, and Kohei Nagai

Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Japan
tita@iis.u-tokyo.ac.jp
ABSTRACT
Rapid urban expansion and economic development increases the demand for transport
infrastructure in many developing countries. In 2012, Myanmar has total of 4,728 bridge
of which 741 bridge were classified as major bridge. Considering Myanmar vast
geography, lack of technological resources and investment caused inadequate monitoring
of bridge health. Structure-from-Motion (SfM) photogrammetry provides an economic
and user-friendly alternative. Although SfM has been applied in various studies related to
infrastructure, its application for bridge structure displacement remains limited. This
study evaluated the application of SfM based reconstructed point cloud in assessing
inclination of Twantay bridge’s main towers, a suspension bridge located in suburban
Yangon, Myanmar. Photoset was obtained around the towers at ground level using a
consumergrade digital camera. These images were processed with SfM workflow on
commercial software and the result was then scaled based on known length of object
features. A 3D reference point cloud was created using mesh model digitized from
blueprint to validate displacement by comparing to SfM output. Boundary points at the
edge of SfM reconstructed cloud were used for calculating distance difference to the
corresponding nearest points on the reference cloud in x, y, and z direction. The result
detected that as height increased, the offset between reconstructed as-is points and
baseline on the yaxis, a direction facing the river front, also increased. This result
suggested that SfM can be applied to provide inclination tendency. However, precise
measurement remains a challeng
Keywords: Bridge inclination, Digital photogrammetry, Structure-from-motion, Road

infrastructure
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Fracture Mechanics Analysis of a Surface Crack in

a Tubular Structure by X-FEM
Kengo Maeda, Satoyuki Tanaka, Takaaki Takei

Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Japan
brightkengo@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
In this paper, fracture behaviour of cracked tubular joint is examined. X-FEM is adopted
to model the cracked tubular structure. Stress Intensity Factors (SIFs) are evaluated based
on the X-FEM approach to evaluate crack growth rate and crack growth direction. The
fracture phenomena of the tubular joint structure is examined by comparing the numerical
and experimental results.
Keywords: Tubular joint, Fracture mechanics analysis, Crack propagation simulation, X-

FEM
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Fundamental Study on Integrity Evaluation of

Bolts at Yadanapon Bridge
Aye Mya Cho, Yasuo SUZUKI, Kunitomo SUGIURA, Kyaw Thu, Htike Htike
amcho.civil@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Myanmar has recently constructed so many infrastructures; such as bridges. They are
very useful transportation facilities. Different kinds of vehicles pass over river bridges,
carrying goods, passengers, and so on. Therefore the safety is very important and routine
or regular inspections of members and connections should be conducted. In this study, as
a first step, preliminary test was done to investigate axial force and the mechanical
properties of bolts used at Yadanapon Bridge. The nominal diameter and the length of
bolts are 24 mm and about 70 mm respectively. The test specimens are cut from each bolt
by using lathe machine. Then tensile tests are conducted by using the Universal testing
machine. The mechanical properties bolts of it were also studied. From the test results, it
is found that the Young’s modulus, 0.2% stress, the ultimate stress and elongation are at
about 210 GPa, 1104 MPa, 1135 MPa and 13.47% respectively. Moreover, mechanical
properties of Japanese bolts were also tested and presented in this paper.
Keywords: Bolt, Axial force, Delayed fracture, Specimens, Tensile test

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Study on Seismic Retrofitting of Steel Frame Building
Khin Thaw Dar, Khin Aye Mon, Thinzar Khaing

khinthawdar30@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
In the past, most of the buildings were designed and constructed to transfer gravity loads.
Besides these vertical loads, buildings are also subjected to lateral loads caused by wind
and earthquakes. But, a lot of existing steel structure buildings, without complying the
seismic safety standard, is vulnerable to quake excitation because of inadequate detailing,
underestimated earthquake loads and material deterioration by time etc. Thus, those
buildings are often in need for seismic retrofitting techniques so as to enhance sufficient
strength against vertical loads together with adequate stiffness resisting the lateral forces.
In this paper, seismic retrofitting of steel frame building with various types of steel
bracing is investigated. An eight storey steel frame building is designed under gravity and
wind load, analysing under different seismic zones using SAP 2000 software. Equivalent
static lateral force procedure and modal response spectrum analysis are performed for the
analysis of the building. Parameters such as lateral displacements, shear forces, bending
moments, base shear and steel weight are compared before and after retrofitting. It is
found that there is no need for seismic retrofitting in lower seismic zones, however, the
higher the seismic zones, the more retrofitting for those zones is required.
Keywords: Seismic retrofitting, Structural behaviour, Stability, Steel structure, Steel

bracing types
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Assessment of Development Area for Pabedan Township in Yangon
Phyo Su Mon, San San Moe

phyosuumon@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Yangon is located at strategic spot of communication networks. The city has grown
rapidly recent years. Government had been developing new town settlement to
decentralize the congested city center. But the provisions of necessary infrastructure are
generally in adequate in, since most of the urban function and workplaces are still
concentrated within the central area. Nowadays, more people live in cities than in rural
areas because cities are centres of commerce, administration, culture, living standard,
transportation and education. To become a modernized city, the development of each
township in the city is also essential and important.
Keywords: Pabedan, Renewal, Urban planning, Yangon, SWOT analysis

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Regenerating Historic Mausoleums and U Ottama Park

(The New Yangon Character)
Myat Kaung
myatkg@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Since old days, Yangon has been the city of rich architectural heritage and is situated on
the strategic point. It can be resurrected to a pleasant city to live in once again like it was
by conserving the existing values and adding the essential infrastructure. The Shwe
Dagon pagoda, the greatest landmark of Yangon, has the priceless cultural value and is
the most important religious site and the main tourist attraction of Myanmar. However, it
is currently under the threat from neighboring development and risks of being separated
from the wider city by badly placed high-rises and poor links to surrounding parklands.
Therefore, it is essential to maintain the vista view to Shwe Dagon when constructing the
high-risers around the pagoda. In addition, if there is a proper connection between the
green spaces around the pagoda, it can separate the pagoda from the complex
urbanization and increase the value of the pagoda. The demand for recreation and public
space grows day by day with the increase in population of Yangon. This paper is intended
to propose the restoration and conservation of the four mausoleums in western part of U
Ottama Park, at southern gateway of Shwe Dagon pagoda which are almost forgotten and
disappeared from the view and give them the proper access with the park. The
mausoleums are U Thant's Mausoleum, Queen Su Pha Yar Latt's Mausoleum, Daw Khin
Kyi's Mausoleum and Thakhin Kotaw Mhine's Mausoleum. Each and every one of them
is vitally important to the history of Myanmar and the world. By conserving them, people
will learn to value the history of their country and there will be more tourist attractions
around Shwe Dagon Pagoda area.
Keywords: Recreation and open space, Mausoleums, Green area, Shwedagone pagoda,
Dagon township
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Study on Public Rental Housing in Yangon
Honey Thet Paing, Pwint, Maung Hlaing

honeythetpaing@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Nowadays, there’s got plenty of migrants together with exorbitant prices and rents of
lands, houses and rentals, in Yangon city and though developers compete one another to
build high rise for high and very high income group, it requires many units of dwelling of
rental housings to develop for low- income and medium income families. Being prices
and rentals sky-high, it gets far too possible for low and medium income families towards
a more liveable rental housing to stay. The government has attempted to solve these
problems with many kinds of schemes and new housing has been established. Yangon
City Development Committee (YCDC) and the Department of Urban and Housing
Development (DSHD) are implementing for price housing in instalment payments plans
in Yangon. However, its over 90 lakhs price fails to fulfil the necessities of those
families. This study aims to provide minimal essential shelter for low-income people, to
upgrade the life style of Myanmar low-income people. The detail requirements may
differ on number of family members (household), ages and incomes. It needs to study,
Governmental and private rental housing of both locally and overseas, a managements of
health and educational services, room compositions, safety and security services,
electricity and water supply etc. in detail to develop public rental housing for low and
medium income families.
Keywords: Public rental housing, Low-income people, Rental price, Building facilities
and amenities
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An Analysis on Local Heat Transfer Performance at the Lower Limit of

Saturated Film Boiling on Finite-Length Vertical Cylinders
Win Pa Pa Myo, Satoru Momoki, Toru Shigechi,

Takashi Yamada, Tomohiko Yamaguchi
Department of Science and Technology, Nagasaki University, Japan
bb52215101@ms.nagasaki-u.ac.jp
ABSTRACT
Film boiling phenomena around a vertical-finite length cylinder is examined by doing

quenching experiment on different kinds of cylinder geometry on saturated and
subcooled water and observed the film collapse for each cylinder. The wall superheat at
the lower limit of film boiling for each cylinder is almost constant for saturated cooling
but for the sub-cooling case, the wall superheat at the lower limit of film boiling is
different for different configuration of the cylinder. In the case of vertical-finite length
cylinder, the film collapse start from the lower edge of the vertical surface of low heat
transfer performance. But in studying the heat transfer performance on each surface of
the vertical finite length cylinder, it was found that the average heat transfer performance
of the vertical lateral surface of the upper turbulent region is the highest. So considered
only the average heat transfer performance on each surface of the vertical cylinder is not
sufficient in examination of the temperature distribution of the cylinder surface as its
results depart from the experimental observation on film collapse. So in this work, the
local heat transfer coefficient for the vertical finite length cylinders of flat and
hemispherical bottom surface in saturated condition is examined. The effect of local heat
transfer performance at the bottom surface and at the lower corner of the vertical surface
are evaluated near the wall superheat temperature at the lower limit of saturated film
boiling.
Keywords: Film boiling, Average heat transfer coefficient, Local heat transfer
coefficient, Film collapse
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Land Use Change Detection for

Urban Planning in Mandalay City
Kyaw Zaya Htun, Zin Mar Lwin, Aye Mya Thein, Myint Myint Khaing
Remote Sensing Department, Mandalay Technological University
kyawzaya.htun@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Cities across Asia are developing and expanding at an unprecedented rate. As expansion
is typically left up to market forces and the private sector, local and national level
planning is often overlooked as developers search for development sites and land, which
can ultimately stimulate the economy of the city and entire region. As Mandalay City has
a history with various disasters, this Land Cover / Land Use (LCLU) will provide both
opportunities and challenges for resilience urban action plan and planners. In this study,
urban land cover pattern derived from Landsat TM/ETM satellite data for two decades
(1998–2014) using Google Earth Engine. These maps show that built-up increased by
5288.40 ha in first time period (1998–2002) and 2695.77 ha during next period (2002–
2014) of study. Three major land covers classes mapped are; (i) built-up, (ii) water and
(iii) other or non-built-up. The two time maps were compared to qualitatively and
quantitatively capture the dynamics of urban expansion in the city.
Keywords: Satellite data, LCLU, Urban extension, Change detection

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Identification of Natural Frequency Ratio between

Healthy and Crack Beams
Win Pa Pa Aye, Thein Min Htike

mawinpapaaye@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Identification of crack location is a key destination of structural health monitoring. In this

paper, modal parameters (natural frequency and mode shapes) of healthy beam and
cracked beam were analysed by comparing with FEA simulation and experiment. When
the crack appears in the structure, local stiffness and flexibility can be significantly
reduced. Thus, the existence of the crack in the structure can be detected based on the
modal parameters. Natural frequency and mode shape of the beam under the effect of the
crack will be investigated to compare the results with those of a healthy beam. Validation
of experimental results was carried out using FEA results. It is observed that the presence
of crack results in higher amplitudes and decrease in natural frequency. Moreover, it was
also found that the nearer the crack is located to the fixed end of a beam, the larger the
decrease in natural frequency.
Keywords: Crack identification, Modal parameters, FEA simulation, Experiment,

Natural frequency
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Design of PID Controller for UAV Flight Control System
San Win Tun, Aung Soe, Thwin Ko Ko Aung

Aerospace Electrical Systems and Instrumentation Engineering Department,
nyaungyan@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) are playing increasingly prominent roles in
defense programs and strategies around the World. This paper presents a design PID
controller for a Small Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (SUAV).The objective of this paper is to
control altitude, air speed and roll angle of fixed wing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)
using PID controller and simulated in MAT-LAB simulink. The mathematical dynamic
model of Six Degrees of Freedom (6-DOF) aircraft is nonlinear and it is linearized about
a trim flight condition. System is divided into the longitudinal dynamics control and the
lateral dynamics control.
Keywords: Unmanned aerial vehicle, Longitudinal control, Lateral control, Simulink,

PID
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Development of Real-Time Traffic Management System
Thida Than, Yu Yu Lwin

dawthidathan@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
This paper introduces a real time traffic control system would be created for each traffic
light at an intersection on Yangon-Insein road. This research paper presents also a
dynamic time contribution schemes based on volume of IR sensors according to the
traffic congestion condition. The IR sensors are used to sense and count the vehicle
volume and programmable logic controller (S7-300, Siemens PLC) based routing
algorithm is programmed for excellent traffic control system. Sensor based routing
algorithm is considered and enhanced upon the traffic signal flow of existing traffic point
at Thamine junction. To manage the traffic congestion, the alternative way and dynamic
instruction monitoring boards are considered for heavy traffic jams at two road portions.
A prototype model for a tested traffic light is simulated. The simulation outputs are
achieved by SIMATIC Manager simulation software.
Keywords: Traffic algorithm, Vehicle volume, Traffic control system, IR sensors, S7-
300 siemens PLC
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Study on the Existing Provision of Green and Open Spaces

In Four Dagon Myotthit Townships
Ei Ei Tun, Tin Tin Aye, Mg Hlaing

eiei.cocci@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Generally overlooks on many environmental and social benefits that green space and
their natural habitats offer on the urban residents and wildlife. The Four Dagon Myotthit
Townships know as North Dagon Myotthit Township, South Dagon Myotthit Township,
East Dagon Myotthit Township and Dagon Seikkan Township provides as interesting
case studies as a rapidly growing city in developing country. There has experienced much
loss of green and open spaces in recent decades because of the economic growth, urban
expansion and so on. The research mainly focuses on the existing of green and open
spaces in Four Dagon Myotthit Townships by utilizing the GIS technique. The three
principles of Quantity, Quality and Accessibility are the basic factors needed to study to
know the existing conditions of the research. The degree to which different types of green
and open spaces can be identified the needs of the residents. The result show that the
current trend of green and open spaces and the usage of the urban residents to the green
and open spaces and highlight on the need to conserve our biodiversity.
Keywords: Gis, Biodiversity, Quantity, Quality, Accessibility

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Creating the Sustainable Community Route by

Redesigning the Urban Block and Roads in Yangon New Suburbs
Zin Taryar Win, Brian Jan

zintaryarwin@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The design for people movement must be not only saving the time but also must be
convenience way to get their destination. Nowadays, the walkability in Greater Yangon
area is worst, therefore, the current main usage for people movement in Yangon is motor
vehicle transport infrastructure. The public transportation system is not in good condition.
Therefore, the private car usages in Yangon become high. Yangon meets the problem
with traffic jam and also insufficient for parking spaces. This paper is dealt about the idea
of urban block, which can be proposed for Yangon urban block that can be scaled by the
size to reduce the usage of motor vehicles and solving the way for parking lots. This idea
is introducing not only to promote the people movement in sustainable way by
redesigning the existing urban block and roads. In this paper, the design will be proposed
by analysing the user behaviours (how they work and how they move) according to the
daily lifestyle of the residence in Yangon to understand where they move and why they
move.
Keywords: Movement, Mortar vehicles, Parking space, Walkability, Sustainable, Urban

Block, Size, Roads, User behavior, Redesigning
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A Study on Amenities Provision of Housing Estates in Yangon
Tara San, Tin Tin Aye, Mg Hlaing

tarasan717@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Nowadays, in Yangon, many housing estates are emerged with increased population.
Although they are growing in large amount, they still have weak operation which cannot
provide daily requirements and livable conditions for residents. The proper amenity
provisions which fulfill the requirements of residents are the most important factors of
housing estate.This paper studies whether the housing estates in Yangon provide the
appropriate amenities or not, in accordance with population density, service radius and
walking time. This paper aims not only to fulfill the requirements of today and future
housing estates but also to provide the basic requirements for residents and a good living
standard.
Keywords: Housing estate, Amenities, Residential density, Service radius, Walking time
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Study on Spatial Planning Aspects of

Yangon Technological University (YTU) Campus
Saw Bush Doe, Wyityi Win, Maung Hlaing

bushdoesaw@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The main theme is to study spatial planning for Yangon Technological University
Campus. Types of facilities, background history, zoning and functional relationships,
circulation pattern and approaches and space utilization will be studied.
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An Approach to Inventory of Selected Monuments in

Ancient Amarapura City and Its Environs
May Myo Myat, Mg Hlaing, Pwint

starmyat528@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Amarapura was a former capital of Myanmar since Kongboung period. Amarapura

literally means Immortal of city because there has fulfilled of Natural and Cultural
Heritage around the city. Although it was the capital of twice during Kongboung period
before finally being supplanted by Mandalay. Today, Amarapura is one of townships in
Mandalay. This is known today for its traditional silk and cotton weaving. It is a popular
tourist destination for visiting natural and cultural heritage ([1], [2], and [8]) Firstly, the
author traces back history and culture of Amarapura and study of monuments in
Amarapura by conservation guidelines and principles.The purpose of this paper is to
conserve and present for the value assessment of natural and cultural heritage in
Amarapura. There is indeed as an increasingly important aspects in a city or township’s
economy, society and development for enhancing natural and cultural heritage.
Therefore, this paper is intended to conserve with conservation management plan for an
approach to inventory of selected monuments in Ancient Amarapura city and Its
Environs.
Keywords: Amarapura period, Ancient city, Inventory, Value assessment of natural and
cultural heritage
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Study on Stations of Yangon Circular Railways for

Transit-Oriented Development
Thu Thu Kyaw, Mg Hlaing, Yin Min Paik

tweetythuthu@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
As Yangon is the main commercial city of Myanmar, the urban population is relatively
increased every year and comfortable public transportation is the main need for the
increased rate of urban population to travel from suburban areas to urban areas of
Yangon. The model split of Yangon public transportation shows using bus transportation
63.8%, Inland Water transportation about 3.2% and Railway transportation about 1.1%
only.[1] Therefore, the lowest rate of using Railway transportation should be promoted to
widely ride as modern Public transportation. Firstly, the current problems of Railway
transportation in Yangon are studied and then the main transit nodes and antinodes are
defined based on land use and patronage of the stations. Finally, the selected stations
areas are recommended with transit-oriented development theory which can be one of the
solutions to promote the way of using Rail transportation in Yangon. The purpose of the
paper is to minimize the traffic problem in one of the way by the use of Yangon Circular
Railways from our related architectural point of view.
Keywords: Yangon, Traffic problem, Yangon circular railways, Current problems,

Transit nodes and antinodes, Transit-oriented development
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Prediction on Initiation of Fracture Surface for Punching Process
Phyo Wai Myint, Toru Tanaka, Seiya Hagihara, Shinya Taketomi, Yuichi Tadano
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Saga University, Japan
phyowaimyint83@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
A lot of punching processes are utilized in the production of automobile parts,

mechanical components and so on. In the process of punching production system which
are consist of a punch and a die, a sheared surface and a fractured one are usually formed
on the cut surface. Here, to produce highly accurate parts, it is important to estimate the
ratio of the sheared surface to the cut surface and to produce smooth cut surfaces, optimal
tools and punching conditions must be selected within the limits of cost constraints. The
finite element method (FEM) has been applied to the analysis of the ratio of the sheared
surface to the fractured surface on the cut surfaces. For this, the ductile fracture criteria
for the fracture initiation of the cut surface have been proposed by several researchers. It
is difficult to determine the fracture criteria on the cut surface by tensile tests or bending
tests because the punching process consists of many complicated steps. In this study, we
apply FEM to punching process to evaluate initiation of fracture surface using the ductile
fracture criteria proposed by Cockcroft and Latham [1], by Oyane [2] and by Ayada [5].
We compare the ductile fracture criteria with the boundary between the shear surface and
the fracture one from experiments which are performed by simple punching system. And
we tried to predict the ductile fracture criteria of the fracture initiation of the formed cut
surface.
Keywords: Punching process, Ductile fracture criteria, Finite element method

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Design and Ray Tracing Analyses of

Solar Powered Reflector Dish with Fixed Focus
Kyaw Htet Aung, Kyaw Moe Han

Mechanical Engineering Department, Defence Services Technological Academy
kyawhtet2913@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
This paper presents a complete description about the design principle of 1.8m2 surface
area of solar powered reflector dish with a fixed focus. The first part of the paper presents
the mathematical calculation to design the reflector parabola curve and reflector elliptical
frame with respect to equinox by selecting a specific lateral part of a paraboloid. Crossbar
equations and their ellipses, arc lengths and their radii are also calculated to form the
required lateral section of the paraboloid. Then the detailed ray tracing analyses of the
sunlight converging at the focus for this reflector surface at any time of the year is
presented.
Keywords: Solar powered, Reflector dish, Fixed focus, Elliptical frame, Ray tracing
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Theoretical and Numerical Investigation of Salt Gradient Solar Pond
Ni Ni Aung, Myat Myat Soe, Mon Mon Aye

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mandalay Technology University
angelkalay123@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The objective of this paper is to investigate the temperature distribution on the effect of
the thicknesses of NCZ, UCZ, LCZ and sub-layers in NCZ by theoretically and
numerically. The thicknesses are varied for UCZ (0.12 m, 0.22 m, 0.32 m), NCZ (0.4 m,
0.6 m, 0.8 m), LCZ (0.48 m, 0.58 m, 0.68 m) and sub-layers in NCZ (4, 5, 6)
respectively. The mathematical model have been solved by using finite difference
technique in MATLAB program. The temperature distributions of solar pond are also
analyzed by using COMSOL Multiphysics software. The depths of 0.12 m for UCZ, 0.6
m for NCZ, 0.48 m for LCZ and five sub-layers in NCZ can be given the highest
temperature of thermal storage zone. The solar pond can reach the temperature over 75°C
during one month. The numerical temperature distributions also show a good agreement
with theoretical results. From this research, the useful data can provide to construct the
salt gradient solar pond.
Keywords: Salt gradient solar pond, Solar radiation absorption, Temperature

distribution, Total heat losses, Numerical analysis
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Investigation of Chassis Frame for Solar Vehicle
May Mya Darli Cho, Htay Htay Win, Zin Ei Ei Win

maymyadarliecho@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Automotive chassis is an important part of the automobile. The chassis serves as a frame
work for supporting the body and different part of the automobile. Also, it should be rigid
enough to withstand the shock, twist, vibration and other stresses and to safely carry the
maximum load for all designed operation conditions. When the load acting on chassis,
combined stresses and equivalent stresses are generated that can cause failure the chassis.
So, maximum bending stress, and deflection are important criteria for the design of the
chassis. This paper is the work performed towards the optimization of the automotive
chassis for solar vehicle with constraints of maximum bending stress, von-Mises stress
and deflection of chassis under maximum load. The chassis design for solar car is
calculated by using various thickness and three different materials such as structural steel
AISI 1030, grey cast iron ASTM 35 and ASTM 36 steel with rectangular cross sections.
The design dimensions of ladder chassis frame are outside depth 0.076 m, outside width
0.04 m, inside depth 0.07 m, inside width 0.034 m and thickness 0.003 m. Then, the
material with the minimum deformation and high strength must be selected for effective
chassis design. In this research, Structural steel is more strength and less deformation
than other two materials with a result of von-Mises stress 211.136 MN/m2 and maximum
deformation 0.0018m. SolidWorks software is used for modelling of chassis design and
for the analysing of stress on chassis frame.
Keywords: Bending stress, Chassis frame, Chassis material, Cross section type,
Deflection
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Design and Stress Analysis of

Rack and Pinion Steering System for Solar Car
Thin Zar Thein Hlaing, Htay Htay Win

thinzarzar88@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Rack and pinion steering system is one of the most efficient and well established for solar
electric vehicle. This steering system is the best choice for this research due to their
turning efficiency and light weight, cheap manufacturing and low maintenance cost.
Nowadays, the rack and pinion type and the reciprocating–ball types are in use. In this
research, only the rack and pinion steering system will consider and present in detail,
determination of car load and acting force on the steering system will firstly consider.
After that, consider the design of rack and pinion and steering tie rod. The other
important data have to calculate the steering angles and turning radius. In structural
analysis, SolidWorks software is used for the design of steering tie rod model and
ANSYS 14.5 software is used for the analysis of stress on the steering tie rod. ASTM A
36 steel, Aluminium alloy and Gray cast iron are chosen for this research.In these three
materials, the values of von-Mises are nearly equal but the total deformation of ASTM
A36 is less than other materials. So the ASTM A 36 is suitable for steering tie rod.
Keywords: Rack and Pinion steering system, Steering angle, Stress analysis, Steering tie
rod
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Identification of Dynamic Characteristics for

Vehicle Seat of Ploughing Machine
Aung Ko Lin, Thein Min Htike

aklinn.mech@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The main objective of this paper is to gain the dynamic characteristic of vehicle seat for
plowing machine used in agricultural sector in Myanmar. When plowing, vibration of the
vehicle seat can be high due to the operation on the different soil conditions as well as the
vibration of the machine itself. This vibration generates harmful effect for the farmers
especially after a long exposure. Vibration transmission to rider has a large influence on
comfort, performance and health. A comfortable ride is essential for the vehicle seat to
obtain rider satisfaction. Transmission associated with the dynamic system depends on
the frequency and direction of the input motion and the characteristics of the vehicle seat
from which the vibration exposure is received. This paper shows that the most common
and established way of performing experimental modal analysis is to use accelerometer
(structural vibration is commonly measured with electronic sensors called accelerometer)
that lead to the identification of the displacement mode shapes. Then, the analysis of
dynamic characteristics of the vehicle seat system will be done by using MATLAB codes
as well as by simulation using FEM package, COMSOL Multiphysics.
Keywords: Dynamic characteristic, Vehicle seat, Plowing machine, Accelerometer,

Modal analysis
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Assessment of Urban Design in Kyauktada Township
Cho Lai Yee Hlaing, Maung Hlaing, San San Moe

cholaihlaing@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Kyauktada (KTD) Township is the hub of Central Business District (CBD), Yangon,
Myanmar. Nowadays KTD is overcrowded area. This area has many listed historic
buildings. Most of the historic buildings are constructed in the colonial era. But all are in
poor physical condition due to aging, lack of proper maintenance and natural disaster.
Street pattern is also grid pattern. There was no systematic land use in Kyauktada
Township. All of existing infrastructures are also damaged, lacked of proper
maintenance. This township is facing so many challenges and problems. Traffic
congestion is worse day by day. Unplanned and chaotic developments in this township
pose serious threat to outbreak of fire. The KTD center was busting in day time but not
bustling in night time. This paper will be high lights the problems and the existing
condition of Kyauktada Township. In this research, the existing conditions and the social
situation of KTD Township will be studied at first. And secondly the existing conditions
of KTD Township will be analysed by applying SWOT Analysis Method. Traffic
congestion will also solve. Finally, propose area plan which is urgently need to upgrade.
Good urban transformation plan address for public. And new public facilities will be
constructed. It is not only forming comfortable but also attractive urban healthy
environments.
Keywords: Urban redevelopment planning, Public open spaces, Safety and healthy
environment
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Aesthetic Evaluation of Royal Palace in

Yadanapon Period (Eastern Royal Zone)
Zwe Naing Htin, Mg Hlaing, Tin Tin Aye

zwe.2009architect@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Mandalay is one of the old cities in Yadanapon Period, and the last devastating war had
seriously destroyed the palace buildings and left us with only the memories of the past
grandeur of the seat of the two kings: reign Mindon and Thebaw. In Yadanabon Period,
the Royal Architecture or Palace Architecture arouse the desire to visualize the glittering
halls and spires that they stood on the platform in the centre of the fort. Firstly, the author
traces back the style of Mandalay Old Palace which is derived from which previous styles
and then he study on the layout, functional relationships and spatial compositions of
Palace Buildings which are mainly taken into consideration. Then, the author analyzes
the architectural aspects and physical aspects of Palace Buildings. The purpose of this
paper is to conserve the ritual expression, architectural styles, and characteristics of
Myanmar Architecture. Moreover, the author would like to figure out the aesthetic
evaluation of Royal Architecture in Yadanapon Period with systematic analysis which is
based on literature review, site studies, archaeological findings and so forth.
Keywords: Yadanapon period, Palace architecture, Functional relationship, Spatial

compositions, Myanmar architecture, Aesthetic evaluation
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Study on the Architecture of

Shwe Ye Taik Monastery in Mawlamyine City
San San Myint, Mg Hlaing, Yin Min Paik

san.shine11@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Every Country has its’ own Architectural style. Myanmar also has its’ unique
Architecture which is difference from other countries’ Architecture. Religious buildings
have much Architectural features them any other building types. Among them,
Monasteries possess most of the Myanmar Architectural features and creation. In this
paper, the functions, spatial composition and form composition of Shwe Ye Taik
Monastery is studied and analyzed. Firstly the development of the Monasteries in
Myanmar is studied. It will include the coming of monasteries in buddhism, the evolution
of monasteries in Myanmar. And then, the general information of Shwe Ye Taik
Monastery is studied. Finally, the author would like to figure out what kinds of function
are used in Shwe Ye Taik Monastery. And then the author wish to point out how to create
spatial composition and form composition in this monastery and the author will give
conclusion in this paper. This paper aims to realize the real unique architecture of
Mawlamyine Monasteries. The heritage Monasteries can be conserved and recorded.
Architectural creation can be applied in future Monasteries.
Keywords: Shwe Ye Taik monastery, Function, Spatial composition, Form composition,

Monasteries in Myanmar
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Study on Architectural Aspect of

Traditional Bamar (Myanmar) Timber Houses
San San Moe

sansanmoe@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
This paper present the study of common Bamar houses in Myanmar from the architecture
point of view. The Bamar houses range from the very simple bamboo houses of poor
people to the wooden, pucca buildings of average and rich people. But here in this paper,
only the most common and simple type of dwellings used by the majority of the Bamar
people which are constructed by wood or timber are considered. They are generally
simple, one and two storied wooden houses.
Keywords: Traditional bamar timer house, Timber construction, Architectural aspect,

Traditional identity, Vernacular architecture
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Analysis on Facade of Kyauktada Township, Yangon
Aung Kyaw Moe, Mg Hlaing, San San Moe

akmoe29@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Historic towns, streetscapes and cultural landscape have shaped our societies and are
considered strong assets for the present and future generations. Conservation in towns
should not only be restricted to the individual monuments and buildings, rather it should
emphasize the whole historic fabric including the neighborhoods. The image of city is
associated with its landmarks and historic artifacts. A wide variety of heritages exist in
Yangon city. It is realized that these urban heritages have important and significant
architectural style and are related to the characteristics of the past. Yangon CBD areas
should be conserved so as to preserve heritage resources, retain identity, improve quality
of life of local people and protect cultural continuity and sense of place. The main focus
of this research has been to analyze the problems and potentials of the existing heritage
buildings in CBD.
Keywords: CBD, Heritage, Streetscapes, Cultural, Buildings

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Proposed Sports Villager in Selected Area (Yangon)
Hlaing Bwar, Wyityi Win, Maung Hlaing

burmaboy969@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
To develop a national sports role that must be need to give good supporting areas for
sports and public. Good well supporting to sports is very perfect way to create modern
nation and also support public health. This time is redevelopment moment of Myanma
sports that possessed poor condition. Therefore Myanmar sports also must need to growth
in sports areas and facilities. And Yangon also need places where training areas for
different sports and recreation for public. Some of the sports fields combined with not
only less maintenance but also deteriorate.The outcome of paper will be a module that
leading to become a effective functioning and useful Myanma society Sports Village area
with more pleasure and healthy environment.The paper includes background history,
current condition and environmental impact of selected area. Then analysis on
requirements of the facilities and function of such as training area, relaxing area, playing
fields, Athletics stay area, Public sports & recreation area, sports authorizes admin office
and solving current field environment. In this part, also include case study of sports
villages, training area and sports hub in local and foreign countries. These part will
become displaying the way for recreation and redevelopment of selected area. And that is
the best way to become a well connection between sports and public. Then points out a
module for perfect relation of sports and public, suitable sports and recreation planning
that all can promote our national physical and mental activities.
Keywords: National sports role, Modern nation, Redevelopment, A module, Sports and
public, Promote, Sports village
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Study on the Master Plan of Sri Ksetra Ancient City
Ohn Mar Aung, Mg Hlaing, Pwint

oval.eye91@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Among Pyu ancient cities, the World Heritage, Sri Ksetra is the largest ancient city site
which has been extensively excavated. Sri Ksetra Ancient City was established with Pyu
civilization, economic, socialization, politic, administration and socio-economic figures
into new version as the earliest, grandest and most longevous ancient city. It was leaded
to spread the Budda creed, civilizations and traditions in Southeast Asia region. There are
many problems about quarters/ villages extension to the restricted areas of Sri Ksetra
when becoming the world heritage site. So, the author would like to study the boundaries
and zoning planning of Sri Ksetra Ancient City to protect from encroachment by the
living settlement firstly. And then he would like to study and analyze aspects of existing
natural and cultural resources, such as cultural landscape of Sri Ksetra ancient city and
historical remains. Besides, physical aspects of conservation development plan contains
the urban settlements of Sri Ksetra, the archaeological and restoration area with
agricultural production and the tourism development zones and areas reserved for future
housing development. The author would like to study existing Sri Ksetra Ancient City
Plan and then he would like to find out the weak points in Sri Ksetra Ancient City Master
Plan based on literature review.
Keywords: World heritage, Extensively excavated, Encroachment, Physical aspects,

Conservation development plan, Weak points and strong points, Master plan
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ENGINEERING EDUCATION
t h
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Applications of Coding Rule Learning Function to

Workbook Codes for Java Programming Learning Assistant System
Nobuo Funabiki, Shinpei Matsumoto, Minako Dake, Khin Khin Zaw

Department of Electrical and Communication Engineering,
funabiki@okayama-u.ac.jp
ABSTRACT
The coding rule learning function in Java Programming Learning Assistant System
(JPLAS) has been proposed to help students in Java programming courses to learn coding
rules for writing readable codes. Using static code analyzers, this function can examine
naming rules, coding styles, and potential problems of a given code. In this paper, we
apply this function to Java codes that have been selected from textbooks or Web sites for
introductory Java programming to compose a workbook of fill-in-blank problems in
JPLAS. These problems are designed to offer students opportunities of reading high-
quality codes so that they can write proper codes by following their styles. The
application results of the coding rule learning function reveal that to make the codes
applicable assignments for students in JPLAS, a large number of errors in them must be
corrected in advance.
Keywords: Java programming, JPLAS, Coding rule, Readable code, Workbook,

Application
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Potato Sprout Inhibition and Quality Evaluation after

Post-Harvest Treatment with Gamma Irradiation
Kyaw Myat, Lei Lei Oo

kyawmyat@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Potatoes being a living organism require an effective management for storage. Quality of
the potatoes cannot be improved during storage. Certain prevention is an important part
of keeping quality of potatoes with minimum weight loss, physiological breakdown,
storage diseases and decay. Many attempts have been made by researchers to investigate
the suitability of various storage systems over the years for safe storage of agricultural
commodities. Thus, any treatment such as irradiation that controls sprout growth and
extends shelf life of potatoes could be beneficial. In this study, potato sprouts inhibition
and tuber quality after treatment with gamma Irradiation (0, 50, 100 and 150Gy) were
studied during prolonged storage at ambient conditions (about 30 °C with 35% relative
humidity). This study indicated that gamma irradiation significantly decreased sprouting,
precent weight loss and specific gravity of tubers. The effect of irradiation on potato
nutrients such as sugar, carbohydrate, protein, starch and ascorbic acid were also studied.
Keywords: Doses, -Irradiation, Potato, Sprouting, Storage, Shelf life, Sterilized

products, Ambient conditions, Post-harvest
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Study on the Effect of Gamma Irradiation on

Microbiological Properties of Pork Loins
Su Su Kyaw, Lei Lei Oo

eisukyaw@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Gamma irradiation is one of commonly methods employed for the destruction of

microbial cells and then to improve both safety and shelf-life of the food product. This
work evaluated the effects of gamma irradiation on reduction of TPC and Escherichia
coli in pork loins. Pork loins were cut into steaks and were individually packaged in
single zipper plastic bags of about 0.03 mm thickness and about 7 cm long x 5 cm wide.
The sample packages were irradiated 1.5, 3, 4.5 kGy gamma irradiation and weekly
examined for 1, 2 and 3 weeks during refrigeration storage at 4 °C to study on population
of micro-organisms in pork loins. The effects of different gamma dosages were discussed
on TPC and E.Coli in unirradiated and irradiated pork loins.
Keywords: Gamma irradiation, Microbial cells, Micro-organisms, TPC, E.Coli, Pork

loin, Colony forming unit
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The Monte Carlo Simulation with Experimental Validation for

Radiation Protection in Medical Physics
Kyaw Wunna Swe, Banyar Win

DSSTRC, Pyin Oo Lwin, Myanmar
kyawswe7@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
In this work, radiation dose had been experimentally measured and simulated using
Monte Carlo N-Particle (MCNP) radiation transport code for radiation safety in medical
radiology. For diagnostic system, the dose rates from the X-ray radiographic machine and
CT scan were simulated by using MCNP code and the simulated results were compared
with experimental data measured by the portable dosimeters. For radiotherapy, Monte
Carlo model for the photon-beam output from the Siemens Artiste 6 MeV linear
accelerator was validated by calculating the percentage depth dose (PDD) and beam
profiles for the 5x5 cm2 and 10x10 cm2 field sizes along the central axis of a water
phantom with source to surface distance (SSD) of 100 cm. The validity of the simulated
data has been verified by comparison with experimental measurements. There was a good
agreement between the simulated and measured data. The simulated results are
approximated to actual conditions, so we can give some good advices to the radiologists
for radiation safety according to the international recommended dose limit of ICRP 2007.
Keywords: Monte carlo, Diagnostic, X-ray, CT scan, Medical linear accelerator,

Radiotherapy, MCNP, ICRP 2007
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Comparison of Gamma-Ray Attenuation in

Lead, Iron and Aluminium by
Mcnp Simulation and Experimental Measurement
Zin Bo Oo, Khaing Nyunt Myaing, Myo Zaw Htut

Department of Nuclear Physics, Defense Services Academy
bolay.ru@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The present study was conducted to investigate the attenuation properties of aluminium,
iron, and leadfor 662 keV gamma ray. The linear attenuation coefficients of these
materials with differentdensities were calculated from both experimental and simulation
methods.For the experimental results, a spectrometer, which was consisted of a NaI(TI)
inorganic scintillation detector and 137Cs gamma radiation source, were used. The
simulated attenuation values were calculated by means of Monte Carlo N-Particle
Transport (MCNP) code.For validation purpose, the numerical simulation results have
been compared with experimental results and literature data. A good agreement between
the experimental data and MCNP simulated results as well as the literature values within
7% of relative error.
Keywords: Gamma-ray spectroscopy, Linear attenuation coefficient, MCNP Simulation

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Analysis of Additive Noise Measurement Accuracy in

Sinusoidal Phase Modulating Interferometry
Khin Hla Hla Win, Osami Sasaki, Samuel Choi

Department of Engineering Physics, Yangon Technological University
drkhinhlahlawin69@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Simulation analysis of the additive noise in sinusoidal phase modulating interferometry is

presented. Matlab program displays an interference signal figure and its FFT figure with
additive noise when a value of interference phase  is 0 to π/2. The measurement
accuracy is examined by changing the data length of the interference signal in the
simulation and the experiment of surface profile measurement.
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Two-Dimensional Cyclonic Motion
Soe Soe
Department of Academic Affair, Technological University (Mandalay)
drsoesoemdy@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
In this paper, I will discuss not only the basic equations for "Two-Dimensional Rotational
Motion" and "Two-Dimensional Cyclonic Motion" but also the two important concepts,
"Peffermen's Typhoon" and "Pressure Equation for a Typhoon" of two-dimensional
cyclonic motion.
Keywords: Vorticity, Two-dimensional motion, Cyclonic motion, Horizontal motion,

Peffermen's Typhoon

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The Seventh International Conference on Science and Engineering, 2016 (7th

 Electrical and Electronics

4. U Win Khaing Moe

Technical Program Committee

Mechanical Engineering Prof. Dr. Mi Sandar Mon

Biotechnology Asso. Prof. Dr. Ohn Mar Tun

Remote Sensing Asso. Prof. Dr. Myint Myint Khaing

Electrochemical Capacitors Using Gel Electrolyte Based on Polysaccharides

Current Research in Faculty of Engineering, University of Miyazaki

MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) Technology and Its Applications

Development of Disaster Scenario Analysis System

Phonon Engineering of Semiconductors in THz Frequency Region

Scientific Cloud Computing: an Overview

Measurement and Control of Human Brain Dynamics

Internationalization Engineering Studies: Mobility Program at Faculty of Engineering,

Research into Radio Spectrum for Internet of Things and 5G Networks

Antennas and Propagation for Agricultural Applications

Measurement of Hansen Solubility Parameter of Carbon Materials Using Hansen

Development of Geospatial Platform (G-Space) for Disaster Resilience System in

Tentative Building Vulnerability Assessment of Yangon

Inclusive Flood Disaster Risk Reduction in the Bago River Basin

Permanent Magnet Films Applied for Miniaturized Devices

Application of Semi-Supervised Methods for Land Cover Classification of Multispectral

Improving Resource Efficiency in an FPGA-based Real-time Image Detection System

Design of a Three-dimensional Blade of Low Solidity Circular Cascade Diffusers by

Development of Boat-type Robot for Velocity Measurement in Natural River

Comparison of Load Testing and FE Analysis Results of Maubin Bridge

Applications of Coding Rule Learning Function to Workbook Codes for Java

Asian Concrete Model Code for Sustainable Infrastructures

Rain-Induced Sediment-Related Disasters (Japan and Myanmar)and Introduction of

The Seventh International Conference on Science and Engineering, 2016

December 9, 2016 (Friday)

Invited Keynote Speaker

11:00 - 11:30 Current Research in Faculty of Engineering,

Invited Keynote Speaker

12:00 - 13:00 Lunch Break

13:00 - 15:00 Parallel Session

15:00 - 15:30 Coffee Break

15:30 - 17:00 Parallel Session

December 11, 2016 (Sunday)

10:00 - 10:30 Coffee Break

10:30 - 11:00 Electrochemical Capacitors Using Gel Electrolyte

12:00 - 13:00 Lunch Break

13:00 - 15:00 Parallel Session

15:00 - 15:30 Coffee Break

Closing Ceremony and Grand Dinner

The 3 DOF Helicopter System Exposes Students to more

EXPLORE AEROSPACE CONCEPTS

Electrochemical Capacitors Using Gel Electrolyte Based on

Hiroshi Tamura, Ditpon Kotatha, Satoshi Uchida, Masaki Yamagata,

Current Research in Faculty of Engineering,

power generated from the high-efficiency concentrator photovoltaic systems can

quality of life of disabled persons. The obstacle evading function is developed by

MEMS Technology and its Applications

Development of Disaster Scenario Analysis System

Kimiro Meguro, Muneyoshi Numada, Khaing Moe Nyunt, Khin Than Yu

Keywords: Disaster management, Scenario analysis, Disaster process, Damage

Phonon Engineering of Semiconductors in THz Frequency Region

Keywords: Electron – LO phonon coupling, Composite materials, Quantum interference,

The Seventh International Conference on

Electrical and Electronics

No. Name, Title Page