Homework 17 Name: ___________________________________

AP Statistics | Fall 2020

Period: _____ Row: ____ Date: ___________

1) In 1912 the luxury liner Titanic, on its first voyage across the Atlantic, struck an iceberg and sank. Some
passengers got off the ship in lifeboats, but many died. The two-way table gives information about adult
passengers who lived and who died, by class to travel. Suppose we choose an adult passenger at random.

a) Given that a person selected was in first class, b) Given that a person selected survived, what is
what is the probability that they survived? the probability that they were in third class?

c) i) Find P(survived | 2nd class) ii) Find P(survived)

d) Based on your answer(s) in part c, are the events “survived” and “2nd class” independent? Explain.

2) Illegal music downloading has become a big problem: 29% of Internet users download music files, and 67%
of downloaders say they don’t care if the music is copyrighted. What percent of Internet users download music
and don’t care if it’s copyrighted?
3) Choose a student in grades 9 to 12 at random and ask if he or she is studying a language other than
English. Here is the distribution of results:

a) What is the probability that the student is b) What is the probability that a student is
studying a language other than English? studying Spanish, given that they study some
language other than English?

4) A string of Christmas lights contains 20 lights. The lights are wired in series, so that if any light fails, the
whole string will go dark. Each light has probability 0.02 of failing during a 3-year period. The lights fail
independently of each other. Find the probability that the string of lights will remain bright for 3 years.

5) Lactose intolerance causes difficulty in digesting dairy products that contain lactose (milk sugar). It is
particularly common among people of African and Asian ancestry. In the United States (ignoring other groups
and people who consider themselves to belong to more than once race), 82% of the population is white, 14% is
black, and 4% is Asian. Moreover, 15% of whites, 70% of blacks, and 90% of Asians are lactose intolerant.
Suppose we select a U.S. person at random.

a) What is the probability that the b) Given that the person is lactose intolerant, find
person is lactose intolerant? the probability that they are Asian. Show your work.
Show your work.
6) An athlete suspected of using steroids is given two tests that operate independently of each other. Test A
has a probability of 0.9 of being positive if steroids have been used. Test B has probability of 0.8 of being
positive if steroids have been used. What is the probability that neither test is positive if steroids have been
used? Show your work.

(A) 0.72
(B) 0.38
(C) 0.02
(D) 0.08
(E) 0.28

7) A police officer is using a radar device to check motorists’ speed. Prior to beginning the speed check, the
officer estimates that 40% of motorists will be driving more than 5 miles per hour over the speed limit.
Assuming that the police officer’s estimate is correct and that each motorist is independent of the others, what
is the probability that among 4 randomly selected motorists, the officer will find at least 1 motorist driving
more than 5 miles per hour over the speed limit? Show your work.

(A) 0.0256
(B) 0.1296
(C) 0.3456
(D) 0.8704
(E) 0.9744

8) If P( A) = 0.3, P( B) = 0.4, P( Ac  B c ) = 0.42 , which of the following is a true statement about events A
and B? Show your work.

(A) They are disjoint and independent

(B) They are neither disjoint nor independent
(C) They are disjoint but not independent
(D) They are not disjoint but independent
(E) Cannot be determined

9) Home pregnancy test kits have grown in popularity. Research shows that only 30% of those using a
particular kit are actually pregnant. When a pregnant woman uses this kit, it correctly indicates pregnancy
96% of the time. A woman who is not pregnant gets a correct indication 90% of the time. What is the
probability that a woman is pregnant given that this test gives a positive result? Show your work.

(A) 0.96
(B) 0.86
(C) 0.80
(D) 0.36
(E) 0.21