Earth Quake Example

Example 1: A two storey RC residential building has an elevation shown in figure and is
located in Hawassa town. Determine the design base shear and the distribution of the
lateral forces due to earth quake at each floor. Using the following data:

 1st , 2nd and top RC roof slab of thickness including finish = 15cm
 Dimensions of column = 40x30cm (all)
 The dimensions of beams on the 1st floor and at the ground (below slab) = 35x30cm
 The dimensions of beams on the 2nd floor (below slab) = 25x30cm
 The dimensions of beams at the roof level = 25x25cm
 There are walls supported by all the beams in ground, 1st and 2nd floor beams with
thickness of wall 20cm for exterior and 15cm for interior.
 70cm high Parapet walls are provided for the roof
 The building is constructed on deep deposit of medium dense sand and will be designed
for medium ductility.
 Use gconcrete=25KN/m3 and gHCB wall=14KN/m3

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Earth Quake Example

Solution:
Load calculation: at any floor, half of the weight of columns below it and half of that above it
are lumped at that level along with the weight of the floor and girder.

Roof floor
Weight of slab=11x11x0.15x25=453.75KN
Weight of beams=6*6*0.25*0.25*25+6*5*0.25*0.25*25=103.125KN
Weight of parapet wall=4*11*0.7*0.2*14=86.24KN
Weight of columns=0.5*9*3*0.4*0.3*25=40.5KN
Total weight on roof level=453.75+103.125+86.24+40.5=683.615KN

2nd floor
Weight of slab=11x11x0.15x25=453.75KN
Weight of beams=6*6*0.25*0.30*25+6*5*0.25*0.30*25=123.75KN
Weight of columns=9*3*0.4*0.3*25=81KN
Weight of exterior walls=4*11*2.85*0.2*14=351.12KN
Weight of interior walls= (6+5+6+5)*(2.85*0.15*14)=131.67KN
Total weight on 2nd floor level=453.75+123.75+81+351.12+131.67=1141.29KN
1st floor
Weight of slab=11x11x0.15x25=453.75KN
Weight of beams=6*6*0.35*0.30*25+6*5*0.35*0.30*25=173.25KN
Weight of columns=9*3*0.4*0.3*25=81KN

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Earth Quake Example

Weight of exterior walls=4*11*2.85*0.2*14=351.12KN

Weight of interior walls= (6+5+6+5)*(2.85*0.15*14)=131.67KN
Total weight on 2nd floor level=453.75+173.25+81+351.12+131.67=1190.79KN
Ground floor
Weight of beams=6*6*0.35*0.30*25+6*5*0.35*0.30*25=173.25KN
Weight of columns=0.5*9*3*0.4*0.3*25=40.5KN
Weight of foundation columns=9*2.5*0.4*0.3*25=67.5KN
Weight of exterior walls=4*11*2.85*0.2*14=351.12KN
Weight of interior walls=(6+5+6+5)*(2.85*0.15*14)=131.67KN
Total weight on Ground floor level=173.25+40.5+67.5+351.12+131.67=764.04KN
W=Total weight of the building=weight of (G+1st +2nd +roof)levels
W=764.04+1190.79+1141.29+683.615=3779.74KN

Base shear calculation

The building is regular both in elevation as well as in plan.

 Hawassa is located at zone 4 i.e o=0.1

Importance factor I=1, ordinary building residential

𝛼 = 𝛼𝑜𝐼 = 0.1 ∗ 1 = 0.1
Fundamental period
 H=11.5m height of the building
 C1=0.075 for RC framed structures
3 3
∴ 𝑇1 = 𝐶1 𝐻 4 = 0.075 ∗ 11. 54 = 0.47𝑠𝑒𝑐
Design response factor (b)
 S=1.2 for medium dense sand (soil class B)

1.2𝑆 1.2 ∗ 1.2

∴𝛽= 2/3
= = 2.38 ≤ 2.5 𝑜𝑘!
𝑇1 0.472/3

𝑩𝒆𝒉𝒂𝒗𝒊𝒐𝒓 𝒇𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒐𝒓
 go=0.2 for framed structures
 gD=1.5 for medium ductility class DC “M”
 gR=1.0 for regular structures
 gR=1.0 for frame systems
∴ 𝛾 = 𝛾𝑜 𝛾𝐷 𝛾𝑅 𝛾𝑊 = 0.2 ∗ 1.5 ∗ 1.0 ∗ 1.0 = 0.3 ≤ 0.7 𝑜𝑘!

Design spectrum (Sd(T))

𝑆𝑑(𝑇) = 𝛼𝛽𝛾 = 0.1 ∗ 2.38 ∗ 0.3 = 0.0714

𝑺𝒆𝒊𝒔𝒊𝒎𝒊𝒄 𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒆 𝒔𝒉𝒆𝒂𝒓

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Earth Quake Example

𝐹𝑏 = 𝑆𝑑 (𝑇)𝑊 = 0.0714 ∗ 3779.74 = 𝟐𝟔𝟗. 𝟖𝟕𝑲𝑵

𝑪𝒐𝒏𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒅 𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒄𝒆 𝒂𝒕 𝒕𝒐𝒑

𝐹𝑡 = 0.071𝑇1 𝐹𝑏 = 0.071 ∗ 0.47 ∗ 269.87 = 9.01𝐾𝑁
Distribution of base shear to each floor

Floor Weight(Wi) Height(Hi) WiHi (𝑭𝒃 − 𝑭𝒕 )𝑾𝒊 𝑯𝒊

𝑭𝒊 =
∑ 𝑾𝒊 𝑯𝒊

Roof 683.615 11.5 7861.57 78.81

2nd 1141.29 8.5 9700.97 97.25
1st 1190.79 5.5 6549.35 65.65
Ground 764.04 2.5 1910.10 19.15
26021.98
∑ 𝑾𝒊 𝑯𝒊

Thus the lateral loads due to the seismic load at each floor are:
Lateral load on Roof floor=Ft+Fi=9.01+78.81=87.82KN
Lateral load on 2nd floor= Fi=97.25KN
Lateral load on 1st floor= Fi=65.65KN
Lateral load on Ground floor= Fi=19.15KN

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