8 Materials, Corrosion Resistance Tables

Included among the criteria for meter selection are the materials to be utilized. Of pri-
mary interest are those materials which come in contact with the measuring medium.
Also the ambient conditions must not be neglected where it is most important that hu-
midity be considered.

Generally the user knows his measuring media so well that he can readily indicate suit-
able materials. The following tables are provided for assistance. The listed information
is taken from manufacturers' publications. However, a guarantee for the completeness
and correctness cannot be given.

The following list includes the available materials for the process-wetted parts in the in-
dividual measuring devices.

Vortex Flowmeters:
Meter tube: Stainless steel 1.4571, Hastelloy C
Sensor: Stainless steel 1.4571, Hastelloy C
Shedder: Stainless steel 1.4571, Hastelloy C
Gasket: Graphite, PTFE, Viton A, Kalrez

Swirl Flowmeters:
Meter tube: Stainless steel 1.4571, Hastelloy C
Sensor: Stainless steel 1.4571, Hastelloy C
Shedder: Stainless steel 1.4571, Hastelloy C
Gasket: Graphite, PTFE, Viton A, Kalrez

Electromagnetic Flowmeters:
Liner Hard rubber, soft rubber, PFA,
PTFE, Torlon, Peek,
PVDF, Ceramic Carbide
Electrodes Stainless steel 1.4571, Hastelloy B,
Hastelloy C, stainless steel 1.4539,
Titanium, Tantalum, Platinum Iridium

Coriolis Mass Flowmeters:

Meter tube Stainless steel 1.4571, 1.4435,
Hastelloy C

281
Thermal Mass Flowmeters
Meter tube Stainless steel 1.4571, Hastelloy
Sensor Stainless steel 1.4571, Hastelloy,
Ceramic Al2O3
Gasket Viton, Kalrez

Variable Area Flowmeters:

Meter tube Glass, Hastelloy C,
PTFE, stainless steel 1.4404
Float Glass, stainl. steel 1.4571, Hastelloy C,
PVDF, PTFE
Fittings Stainl. steel 1.4301, PVC, Hastelloy C
O-rings Buna N, Viton A, Ethylene/
Propylene = EPDM

The following symbols are used in the resistance tables:

+ indicates usable material
- indicates unsuitable material
open fields indicate unknown
resistance

Even though the tables may indicate that a metal is satisfactory, electromagnetic flow-
meters may nevertheless show malfunctions, due to electrochemical reactions in the
flowmeter.

Liability Note:
The following resistance table for ABB flowmeters has been compiled from reference
literature and own experience. It is intended to allow for a pre-selection of potentially
suited materials for a special application, or for excluding unsuitable materials a priori.

However, these specifications are only recommendations for which no liability can be
assumed since the corrosion behavior under actual operating conditions may deviate
from results obtained in the laboratory with clean measuring media. Reliable specifica-
tions require operational corrosion tests or must be based on the user's operational ex-
perience.

The specifications in the tables refer to laminar corrosion attack. The risk of local cor-
rosion attack (pitting corrosion, stress corrosion cracking) has not been taken into ac-
count.

282
 Metals Non-Metals

Electrical Conductivity

Stainl. steel 1.4301

Stainl. steel 1.4539
Stainl. steel 1.4541
Stainl. steel 1.4571
Concentration (%)

Temperature (°C)
Gaseous/Liquid

Hard Rubber
Soft Rubber
Hastelloy B
Hastelloy C

Tantalum
Platinum
Titanium

Viton A
Buna N
EPDM

Glass
PVDF

AI2O3
PTFE

PVC
PFA
Acetic acid F - 100 40 + + + + + + + + + - - + + + - - - - + +
Acetic acid F + 50 80 + + + + + + + + + - - + + + + - + +
Acetic anhydride F + 100 20 + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Acetylene G - 100 20 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Alum. chloride solution F + 30 70 - - - - + - - + + + + + + + + +
Alum. chloride solution F + 80 70 - - - - + - - + + + + + + +
Alum. sulfate solution F + 20 50 - - - + - + + + + + + + + + +
Alum. sulfate solution F + 50 50 - - - + - + + + + - - + + + +
Ammonia G - 100 50 + + + + + + + - + - - + + + + - - - + +
Ammonia solution F + 25 50 + + + + + + + - + - - + + + + + + + +
Aniline F - 100 25 + + + + - + + + + - - + + - + +
Argon G - 100 100 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +

Beer F + 10 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Benzene F - 100 50 + + + + + + + + + - - + + - - - - + +
Blood F + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Brine F + 20 - - - - - + - + + + + + - + + + +
Bromine F - 100 20 - - - - - + - + + + + + - + +
Butane G - 100 50 + + + + + + + + + + + - + + - - + +
Butyl acetate F 100 50 + + + + + + + + + + + + - + - + +
Butyl alcohol F - 100 20 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Butylene G - 100 20 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +

Calcium chloride solution F + 100 20 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +

Calcium hydroxide sol. F + 50 50 + + + + + + + - - + + + + + + + + +
Calcium hypochlor. sol. F + 20 50 - - - - - + + + + + + + + + +
Caprolactam F - 50 50 + + + + + - + +
Carbolic acid F - 90 50 - + + + + + + + + - - + + - - - + - + +
Carbon dioxide G - 100 50 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Carbon tetrachloride F - 100 50 + + + + + + + + - - + + + - + + - + +
Carbonic acid F + 50 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - + +
Carboxylic acid, diluted F - 50 + + + + + + + + + + - + +
Chlorinated water F + 100 20 - - - + + - - + + + + + - + +
Chlorine dioxide, dry G - 100 20 + + + + - - + + + + +

283
 Metals Non-Metals

Electrical Conductivity

Stainl. steel 1.4301

Stainl. steel 1.4539
Stainl. steel 1.4541
Stainl. steel 1.4571
Concentration (%)

Temperature (°C)
Gaseous/Liquid

Hard Rubber
Soft Rubber
Hastelloy B
Hastelloy C

Tantalum
Platinum
Titanium

Viton A
Buna N
EPDM

Glass
PVDF
PTFE

AI2O3
PVC
PFA
Chlorine, dry G - 100 20 + + + + - + + + - + + - + + + + +
Chlorine, dry F - 100 20 + + + + - + + + - - + + - + + - + +
Chlorine, wet G - 100 20 - + - - - + + - - + + - + + + + +
Citric acid F + 60 50 + + + - + + - + + + + + - + +
Copper chloride solution F + 50 20 - - - + - + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Copper sulfate solution F + 50 80 + + + + - + + + + + - + + + + + + - + +
Copper sulfate solution F + 100 80 + + + + - + + + + + - + + + + + + - + +

Deionized water F - + + + + + + + + + - - + + + + + + + + +
Diesel fuel F - 100 50 + + + + + + + + + - - + + - + + - + +
Ethane G - 100 50 + + + + + + + + + + + + + - + - - + +
Ethanol F - 96 50 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - +
Ethyl acetate F - 100 50 + + + + + + + + + - - + + - - + - + +
Ethyl alcohol F - 100 78 + + + + + + + + + + + + + - + +
Ethyl ether F - 100 20 + + + + + + + + + - - + + - + + - + +
Ethylene G - 100 50 + + + + + + + + + + + + + - + + + + +
Ethylene chloride F - 100 50 - + - + + + + + + - - + + - + - - + +
Ethylene glycol F + 100 50 + + + + + + + + + + + + - - + +

Fatty acid F - 100 50 + + + + + + + + + - - + + + + + +

Ferric chloride solution F + 3 20 - + - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Ferric chloride solution F + 10 20 - - - - - + + + + + - + + + + + + + + +
Ferric sulfate solution F + 10 20 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Fluorine G - 100 20 + + + + - + - + + - + + - -
Formaldehyde solution F + 40 50 + + + + + + + + + - - + + - + + + + +
Formic acid F + 100 80 - + - + - + - + + - - + + - + + - + +

Gasoline F - 100 20 + + + + + + + + + - - + + - + + - + +
Gelantine F + 50 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Glycerine F - 100 100 + + + + + + + + + - + + - + - - + +
Glycol F - 100 50 + + + + + + + + + + + +

Heating oil F - 100 80 + + + + + + + - + + + +

Helium G - 100 80 + + + + + + + + + + + + + - + +
Heptane F - 100 50 + + + + + + + + - - + + - - + + - + +

284
 Metals Non-Metals

Electrical Conductivity

Stainl. steel 1.4301

Stainl. steel 1.4539
Stainl. steel 1.4541
Stainl. steel 1.4571
Concentration (%)

Temperature (°C)
Gaseous/Liquid

Hard Rubber
Soft Rubber
Hastelloy B
Hastelloy C

Tantalum
Platinum
Titanium

Viton A
Buna N
EPDM

Glass
PVDF
PTFE

AI2O3
PVC
PFA
Hexane F - 100 50 + + + + + + + + + + - + + - + +
Hydrazine solution F + 25 20 + - + - + - - + + + - + + - -
Hydrobromic acid F + 48 50 - - - - + - - + + + + + + - + + + +
Hydrochloric acid F + 10 50 - - - - + - + + + + - + + - - + + + + +
Hydrochloric acid F + 37 20 - - - - + + - + + + - + + - - + + + + +
Hydrocyanic acid F + 100 20 + + + + + + + + + - - + + + + + +
Hydrofluoric acid F + 40 20 - - - - - + - - + + - + + - - - + + - -
Hydrofluoric acid F + 70 20 - - - - - + - - + - - + + - - - + - - -
Hydrogen G - 100 50 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Hydrogen chloride G - 100 20 - + + + + + + + - - + + + + + + +
Hydrogen peroxide sol. F + 40 20 + + + + + - + - - - + + + + + - +
Hydrogen sulfide, dry G - 100 20 + + + + - + + + + + + + + + + + - + +

Kerosine F - 100 20 + + + + + + +
Krypton G - 100 50 + + + + + + + + + + + + + - + - - + +

Magnesium chloride s. F + 50 20 - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Magnesium sulfate sol. F + 20 50 + + + + + - + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Malic acid F + 50 50 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Methane G - 100 50 + + + + + + + + + + + + + - + + - - + +
Methanol = Methyl alc. F - 100 50 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - + - + +
Methylbenzene = Toluol F - 100 50 + + + + + + - - + + - - + + - + +
Methylene chloride G - 100 20 + + + + + + + + + - - + + - - - - - + +
Monochloroacetic acid F + 70 50 + + + + + + - - + + + - - - + +

Natural gas, dry G - 100 40 + + + + + + + + + - - + + - + + + + +

Neon G - 100 100 + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Nitric acid F + 20 40 + + + + - + + + + - - + + - - - + + + +
Nitric acid F + 70 50 - + + + - - + + + - - + + - - - + - + +
Nitrogen G - 100 50 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - + +

Oleum F + 10 50 - - - - + - - - + - - + - - + - - + +
Oleum F + 20 20 - - - - + - - + + - - + - - + - - + +
Olive oil F - 50 + + + + + + + + + + - + + + + + - + +
Oxalic acid solution F + 10 50 - + - + + + - + + + - + + + + + - + +

285
 Metals Non-Metals

Electrical Conductivity

Stainl. steel 1.4301

Stainl. steel 1.4539
Stainl. steel 1.4541
Stainl. steel 1.4571
Concentration (%)

Temperature (°C)
Gaseous/Liquid

Hard Rubber
Soft Rubber
Hastelloy B
Hastelloy C

Tantalum
Platinum
Titanium

Viton A
Buna N
EPDM

Glass
PVDF
PTFE

AI2O3
PVC
PFA
Oxygen G - 100 50 + + + + + + + + + + + + - - + +
Ozone G - 10 20 + + + + + + + + - - + + + - + + + +

Perchloroethylene F - 100 50 + + + + + + + + + - - + + - - + + - + +
Petroleum F - 100 20 + + + + + + + + - - + + - + + + + + +
Phenol F - 90 50 - + + + + + + + + - - + + - - - + - + +
Phosgene F - 100 20 + + + + + + + + + - - + + + - - + +
Phosphoric acid F + 30 50 - + - + + + - + + - - + + + - + + - + +
Phosphoric acid F + 80 20 - + - + + + - + + + + + + - - + + + + +
Photographic emulsion F + 20 + + + + + + + + + +
Phthalic anhydride F - 20 - - - - + + + + + + - + + - + + + + +
Potassium chloride sol. F + 30 20 - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Potassium hydroxide sol. F + 50 20 + + + + + + - - + + + + - + + + +
Potassium permang. sol. F + 50 20 + + + + + + + - - + + + + + - +
Potassium sulfate sol. F + 20 50 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Propane G - 100 50 + + + + + + - - + + - - + - - + +

Sea water F + 50 - + - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + - + +
Sodium bicarbonate s. F + 20 50 + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Sodium bisulfate solut. F + 10 50 - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Sodium bisulfate solut. F + 50 50 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Sodium carbonate sol. F + 50 50 - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Sodium chloride sol. F + 10 20 - + - - - + + + + - - + + + + + + + + +
Sodium chloride sol. F + 20 20 - - - - - + + + + - - + + + + + + + + +
Sodium hydroxide sol. F + 20 50 + + + + + + + - + - + + + - - + + - +
Sodium hydroxide sol. F + 50 50 + + + + + + - - + + + + - - - + + - -
Sodium hypochloride s. F + 20 50 - - - - + + - + - - + + + + + - + +
Sodium nitrate solution F + 30 50 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - + +
Sodium silicate solution F + 30 50 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Sodium sulfate solution F + 20 50 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - + +
Sodium vanadate sol. F + 10 50 + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Spinning bath F + 50 + + - - + - - + + - + - + +
Sulfur dioxide, dry G - 100 50 + + + + - + + + + + + + + + + - + +
Sulfuric acid F + 10 50 - + - - + + - + + + + + + + + + + + +
Sulfuric acid F + 50 20 - + - - + + - + + + + + + - + + - + +

286
 Metals Non-Metals

Electrical Conductivity

Stainl. steel 1.4301

Stainl. steel 1.4539
Stainl. steel 1.4541
Stainl. steel 1.4571
Concentration (%)

Temperature (°C)
Gaseous/Liquid

Hard Rubber
Soft Rubber
Hastelloy B
Hastelloy C

Tantalum
Platinum
Titanium

Viton A
Buna N
EPDM

Glass
PVDF
PTFE

AI2O3
PVC
PFA
Sulfuric acid F + 96 20 - + - + + + - + + - - + + - + + - + +
Sulfurous acid F + 10 20 + + - + - + + + - + + + + + +

Tannic acid F + 50 50 + + + + + + + - - + +
Tartaric acid F + 20 50 - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + +
Toluene F - 100 50 + + + + + + - - + + - - + + - + +
Trichlorethylene F - 100 50 + + + + + + + + + - - + + - - + + - + +
Tricresylphosphate F 100 50 + + + + + + - - + + + - - - + +

Urea F + 30 50 + + + + + + + + + + + + - + +

Vinyl acetate F 100 20 + + - + - - + + + + + + +

Vinyl chloride F 100 20 + + + + + + - - + + - + +

Wort F + 5 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +

Xylene F - 100 50 + + + + + + - - + + - - + - + +

Yeast F + 20 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +

287