Section 1

New word +
transcrip Definition
1 Cardiovascular (a) tim mạch
/'kɑ:diækvæskju
lə[r]/ relating to
the heart and blood vessels (= tubes that carry blood
around the body)

2 Pump (v) Bơm

/pʌmp/ a piece of equipment that is used to cause liquid, air,
or gas to move from one place to another

3 Elastic (a) Đàn hồi

/i'læstik/ An elastic material is able to stretch and
be returned to its original shape or size

4 Artery (n) Động mạch

/'ɑ:təri/ one of the thick tubes that carry blood from the heart to
other parts of the body:

5 Arteriole (n) Tiểu động mạch

/a:´tiərioul/ a very small artery that often joins onto a capillary

6 Capillary (n) Mao mạch

/ˈkæpiləri/ a very thin tube, especially one of
the smaller tubes that carry blood around the body

7 Venule (n) Mạch máu nhỏ

/'venju:l/ a very thin tube, especially one of
the smaller tubes that carry blood around the body

8 Vein (n) Tĩnh mạch

/vein/ a tube that carries blood to the heart from the
other parts of the body
9 Diaphragm (n) Cơ hoành
/'daiəfræm/ the muscle that separates the chest from
the lower part of the body

10 Nomenclature (n) Danh pháp

/ a system for naming things, especially in
nə'menklət∫ə[r] a particular area of science:
/

11 Artificial (a) Nhân tạo

/’ɑ:ti'fi∫l/ made by people, often as a copy of something natural:

12 Deoxygenate (v) Khử oxy

/di:'ɔksidʒineit/ to remove oxygen from a substance:

13 Oxygenate (v) Oxy hóa

/ɔk’sidʒineit / to add oxygen to something:

14 Cardiac (n) Tim mạch

/ˈkärdēˌak/ of the heart or heart disease:

15 Diastole (n) Tâm trương

/dai'æstəli/ the period of time when
the heart is filling with blood after contraction (=
when blood is pushed out of the heart)
16 Systole (n) Tâm thu
/'sistəli/ the part of a heart's action where it pushes blood out

17 Ventricle (n) Tâm thất

/'ventrikl/ either of two small, hollow spaces, one in each side of
the heart, that force blood into the tubes leading from
the heart to the other parts of the body

18 Myocardium (n) Cơ tim

/,maioukɑ:diəm the muscle that forms the walls of the heart:
/

19 Pericardium (n) Ngoài tâm mạc

/,peri'kɑ:diə/
20 Transparent (adj) the double layer of tissue that surrounds the heart:
/ træns'pærənt/

21 Lubricate (v) Bôi trơn

/'lu:brikeit/ to use a substance such as oil to make
a machine operate more easily, or
to prevent something sticking or rubbing:

22 Rhythmically (adv) Nhịp điệu

/'riðmikli/ in a way that has a regular, repeated movement or beat:

23 Swirl (n) Xoáy

/swə:l/ to move quickly with a twisting, circular movement, or to
make something do this:

24 Envelope (n) Màng bao

/ 'enviloup/
25 Endothelium (n) Nội mô
/ ,endə'θi:ljəm/ the thin layer of cells that cover the inside walls of
the blood vessels, heart and some other body parts)

26 Septum (n) Vách

/ 'septəm/ a thin part dividing tissues or spaces in an organ such
as the nose or heart:

27 Chamber (n) Buồng

/ˈchāmbər/ a room used for a special or official purpose, or
a group of people who form (part of) a parliament:

28 Atrium (n) Tâm nhĩ

/'eitriəm/ each of the two upper cavities of the heart from which
blood is passed to the ventricles. The right atrium
receives deoxygenated blood from the veins of the body;
the left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the
pulmonary vein.

29 Auricle (n) Tiểu nhỉ

/'ɔ:rikl/
a structure resembling an ear or earlobe.

30 Atrioventricular (a) Nhĩ thất

/,eitriouven'trikj relating to the atrial and ventricular chambers of the
ulə/ heart, or the connection or coordination between them.

31 Tricuspid valve (n) Van ba lá

/
the valve (= structure that opens and closes) in
trai'kʌspidvælv/
the heart that stops blood from returning into
the right atrium (= upper space) from
the right ventricle (= lower space)
32 Bicuspid (n) Van hai lá
/bai'kʌspid/
the valve (= a structure that opens and closes) in
the heart that stops blood from returning into
the left atrium (= upper space) from
the left ventricle (= lower space)

33

34 Mitral valve (n) Van hai lá

/'maitrəlvælv/ the valve (= a structure that opens and closes) in
the heart that stops blood from returning into
the left atrium (= upper space) from
the left ventricle (= lower space)

35 Cusp (n) Đỉnh

/ kʌsp/ a point of transition between two different states.
36 Semilunar valve (n) Van bán nguyệt
/,semi'lu:nəvæl one of
v/ the valves (= structures that open and close) that stop bl
ood from returning into the ventricles (= lower spaces) of
the heart

37 Pulmonary (n) Động mạch phổi

artery the artery carrying blood from the right ventricle of the
/'pʌlmənəri'ɑ:tə heart to the lungs for oxygenation.
ri/

38 Aortic (a) Động mạch chủ

/ei'ɔ:tik/ relating to the body's main artery (= one of
the thick tubes that carry blood from the heart to
other parts of the body):

39 Aorta (n) Động mạch chủ

/ei'ɔ:tə/ The main artery (large tube carrying blood from the heart
which takes blood to the other parts of the body)
40
41 Blood (n) Huyết áp
pressure
A measure of the pressure at which
/ blʌd,’pre∫ə / the blood flows through the body

42 Branch (n) Nhánh

/brɑ:nt∫/ A part of something larger

43 Capillary (n) Mao mạch

/kə'piləri/ The smallest type of blood vessel

44 Carotid (n) Động mạch cảnh

/kə´rɔtid/ Relating to the two main arteries that carry blood to
the head and neck

45 Circuit (n) Mạch

/ˈsɜːkɪt/ Addition circuits are usually presented as intricate
schematic diagrams that hide the principles behind their
operation.

46 Constrict (v) Thắt lại

/ kənˈstrɪkt / To becom tighter and narrower, or to make something
becom tighter and narower.

47 Diameter (n) Đường kính

/daiˈӕmitə/ A straight line drawn from side to side of a circle,
passing through its centre/center
48 Dilate (v) Giãn nở
/ daɪˈleɪt / To (cause a part of
the body to) become wider or further open

49 Elastic tissue (n) Mô chun, mô đàn hồi

/iˈlæs.tɪk  ˈtɪʃ.u A type of connective tissue consisting mainly of elastic
ː/ fibers and found in the walls of arteries, dermis of the
skin, and certain ligaments and tendons.

50 Erroneously (adv Sai, nhầm

)
/ ɪˈrəʊniəsli / In a way that is wrong or false

51 Gravity (n) Trọng lực

/ˈɡrӕvəti/ The force which attracts things towards the Earth and
causes them to fall to the ground

52 Hollow (n) Hõm

 /ˈhɒl.əʊ/ Having a hole or empty space inside

53 Inferior vena (n) Tĩnh mạch chủ dưới

cava
A large vein that carries the deoxygenated blood from
/ɪnˈfɪriər viːnə the lower and middle body into the right atrium of the
ˈkeɪvə/ heart.

54 Lumen (n) Đơn vị

/ ɪˈrəʊniəsli / A unit of measurement for the brightness of light
55 Merge (v) Hợp nhất
/məːdʒ/ The sea and sky appear to merge at the horizon.

56 Microcirculatio (n) Hệ tuần hoàn

n
The circulation of the blood in the smallest blood
/'maikrəʊ,sɜ:kjʊ'l vessels, the microvessels of the microvasculature
ei∫n/ present within organ tissues.

57 Pathway (n) Con đường

/'pɑ:θwei/ The physical course a chemical or pollutant takes from
its source to the exposed organism.

58 Pulmonary (a) Phổi

/ˈpʌlmənər/ A part of the body with the primary role of exchanging
gases - carrying oxygen from the air into the pulmonary
veins, and carbon dioxide from the pulmonary artery.

59 Pulmonary (n) Động mạch phổi

arteries
The large artery originating from the surface of the right
 /ˈpʊl.mə.nər.i   ventricle of the heart and carrying deoxygenated blood
ˈɑː.tər.i/ to the lungs for oxygenated

60 Red blood cell (n) Tế bào hồng cầu

/red blʌd sel/

One of the red-coloured/-colored cells in the blood that

 carries oxygen and carbon dioxide to and from the
tissues; erythrocyte, red cell

61 Superior vena (n) Tĩnh mạch chủ trên

cava /suˈpiəriə
A large vein that receives blood from the head, neck,
viːnə ˈkeɪvə/
upper extremities, and thorax and delivers it to the right
atrium of the heart.

62 The naked eye (n) Mắt thường

/ðiː ˈneɪkɪd aɪ/ If something can be seen with the naked eye, it can
be seen without the help of an instrument

63 Valve (n) Van tim

/vælv/ A structure with the same effect in an animal body

64 Vasoconstricti (n) Sự co mạch

on
The situation of blood vessels (= the
/ˌveɪzəʊkən tubes that carry blood) becoming narrower
ˈstrɪkʃən/

65 Vasodilation (n) Sự giãn mạch máu

 /ˌveɪzəʊdaɪ
ˈleɪʃən/ 

He situation of blood vessels (= the
tubes that carry blood) becoming wider

66 Vein (n) Tĩnh mạch

/vein/ Any of the tubes that carry the blood back to the heart
67
68 Diastole (n) Tâm trương
/ˌdīˈastlē/
the period of time when
the heart is filling with blood after contraction (=
when blood is pushed out of the heart)

69 Systole (n) Tâm thu

/ˈsistəlē/
the part of a heart's action where it pushes blood out

70 Blood vessels n Mạch máu

/ˈblʌd ˌves.əl/
any of the tubes through which blood flows in the body
71 Exert v Lực lượng
to use something such as authority, power, influence, etc.
/ɪɡˈzɜːt/
in order to make something happen
72 Indicate Chỉ ra
to show, point, or make clear in another way
/ˈɪn.dɪ.keɪt/
73 Contraction n Sự co lại
the fact of something becoming smaller or shorter
/kənˈtræk.ʃən/
74
75 Distribute V Phân phối
dɪˈstrɪbjuːt give a share or a unit of (something) to each of a number of
ˈdɪstrɪbjuːt recipients
76 pulmonary (n) Tuần hoàn phổi 
circulation
system of blood vessels that forms a closed circuit between
the heart and the lungs, as distinguished from the systemic
circulation between the heart and all other body tissues
77 Circulation n Vòng tuần hoàn
səːkjʊˈleɪʃ(ə)n movement to and fro or around something, especially that of
fluid in a closed system
78 pituitary gland n Tuyến yên
[pɪˈtjuːɪt(ə)ri]
[ɡland]
an endocrine (hormone-producing) gland that sits just
beneath the base of the brain, behind the bridge of the nose
79 Atrium n Tâm nhĩ
[ˈeɪtrɪəm]
each of the two upper cavities of the heart from which blood
is passed to the ventricles
80 vena cava n TM chủ
[ˌviːnə ˈkeɪvə]
a large vein carrying deoxygenated blood into the heart
81 pulmonary n ĐM phổi
artery
[ˈpʌlmən(ə)ri]
the artery carrying blood from the right ventricle of the heart
[ˈɑːtəri]
to the lungs for oxygenation.

82 Pulmonary n Van bán nguyệt phổi

semilunar valve
[ˈpʌlmən(ə)ri]
The semilunar valve of the heart that lies between the right
[ˌsɛmɪˈluːnə]
ventricle anh the pulmonary artery and has three cusps
[valv]

83 Digestive n Hệ thống tiêu hóa

system
/dɪˈdʒestɪv
The digestive system consists of the gastrointestinal tract
plus the accessory organs of digestion ( the tongue, salivaly
glands, pancreas, liver, and gallbladder)
84 Simultaneously adv Đồng thời
/ˌsɪmlˈteɪniəsli/
at the same time.
85 Coronary n Hệ thống tuần hoàn động mạch vành
circulation

The circulation of blood in the blood vessels that supply the

heart muscle.

86 Distribute V Phân phối

/di'stribju:t/

give a share or a unit of (something) to each of a number of

 recipients
87
88 electrocardiogra n điện tâm đồ
phy
/
Method to record heart activity through passive electrodes
i'lektrou'kɑ:diəg
placed around the heart
rɑ:f/
89 electrode n điện cực
/ɪˈlektrəʊd/
a small piece of metal or a wire that is used to send
electricity through a system or through a person’s body
90 detect v tách sóng
/dɪˈtekt/
to notice or discover something, especially something that is
not easy to see, hear
91 electrophysiolo n điện sinh lý
gic
/ɪ.ˌlɛk.troʊ.ˌfɪ.zi.
The branch of physiology that studies the relationship
ˈɑː.lə.dʒi/
between electric phenomena and bodily processes
92 depolarize v khử cực
/di:'pouləraiz/
To partially or completely eliminate or counteract the
polarization of.
93 repolarize v tái phân cực
/riːˈpəʊləˌraɪz/
to polarize again or become polarized again
94 cardiac a bệnh tim
 /ˈkɑːdiæk/
connected with the heart or heart disease
95 impulse n xung lực
/ˈɪmpʌls/
a force or movement of energy that causes something else to
react
96 Counterpart (n) Bản sao
/ˈkaʊn.tə.pɑːt/ a person or thing that has the same purpose as another one
in a different place or organization

97 Vascular (adj) (thuộc) mạch

/ˈvæs.kjə.lər/

relating to the tubes that carry blood or other liquids in

animals and plants
98 Lymph node (n) Hạch bạch huyết
/ˈlɪmf ˌnəʊd/
one of many small organs in the body that remove infectious
cells, germs, etc. from tissues in the body
99 Drain (v) Dẫn lưu
/dreɪn/ To draw off (a liquid) by a gradual process
100 Subclavian (adj) Dưới xương đòn
/ˌsʌbˈkleɪ.vi.ən/ relating to structures under the collarbone (= the bone that
goes from the top of the arms to the bottom of the neck)
101 Reservoir (n) Kho, nguồn cũng cấp
/ˈrez.ə.vwɑːr/ a receptacle or chamber for holding a liquid or fluid.
102 Leak (v) Thoát ra
 /liːk/ an unintended hole, crack, or the like, through which liquid,
gas, light, etc., enters or escapes
103 Function (n) Chức năng
/ˈfʌŋk.ʃən/ the natural purpose (of something) or the duty (of a person)
104 Edema (n) Chứng phù
/ɪˈdiː.mə/ a condition in which liquid collects in the spaces inside the
body and makes it swell
 105

Vocabulary of section II
New word + Phonetic Definition
transcription
Abnormal (Adj) Khác thường.
/ æbˈnɔːrməl / Different from what is usual or average,
especially in a way that bad.
Abnormalities (N) Sự khác thường, dị thường.
/ ˌæbnɔːˈmæləti / Something abnormal, usually in the body.
Acquire (V) Mắc phải.
/ əˈkwaɪər /
To catch or become ill with a disease.
Adequate (Adj) Đầy đủ.
/ ˈædəkwət / Enough or satisfactory for a particular purpose.
Angina (N) Bệnh viêm họng.
 / ænˈdʒɑɪnə / A condition, such as severe sore throat, in which
spasmodic attacks of suffocating pain occur.
Angina pectoris (N) Cơn đau thắt ngực.
/ænˈdʒaɪnə/ / ˈpɛktə rɪs / Chest pain due to an inadequate supply of
oxygen to the heart muscle.
Anomaly (N) Dị tật.
/ əˈnɒməli / A person or thing that is different from what is
usual, or not in agreement with something else
and therefore not satisfactory.
Arhythmia (N) Rối loạn nhịp tim.
/ ə'riθmiə / A medical condition in which the heart does not
beat with a regular rhythm, or at the normal rate.
Arterial (Adj) Động mạch.
/ ɑːrˈtɪriəl / Related to or flowing in an artery (=a tube
carrying blood from the heart to other parts of
the body).
Arteriosclerosis (N) Chứng sơ cứng động mạch.
/ ɑːˌtɪəriəʊskləˈrəʊsɪs / Hardening of the arteries (= thick tubes carrying
blood from the heart), which can cause medical
problems.
Artery (N) Động mạch.
/ ˈɑːtəri / One of the thick tubes that carry blood from the
heart to other parts of the body.
Atherosclerosis (N) Chứng vữa sơ động mạch.
/æθ.ə.rəʊ.skləˈrəʊ.sɪs/ A form of arteriosclerosis (= hardening of the
arteries, the thick tubes carrying blood from the
heart) that is caused by a fatty substance building
up inside the arteries.
Atrium (N) Tâm nhĩ.
/ ˈeɪtriəm / Either of the two upper chambers of
the heart that send blood around the body.
Bicuspid (N) Van hai lá.
/ bai´kʌpsid / A mitral valve.
Capacity (N) Sức chứa, năng lực.
The ability to receive or contain.
/ kəˈpæsɪti /
Chamber (N) Buồng.
/ ˈʧeɪmbɚ / A small space inside something (such as a
machine or your body).
Characteristic (Adj) Đặc thù, đặc trưng, riêng
/ ,kærəktə'ristik / Typical of a person, thing, or group :showing the
special qualities or traits of a person, thing, or
group.
Clot (N) Cục nghẽn.
/ klɒt / An almost solid piece of something.
Coarctation (N) Sự hẹp.
/ kəʊɑːkˈteɪʃən / A physical problem present from birth in which a
part of the aorta (= the body's largest artery) is
too narrow.
Complication (N) Biến chứng
/ ˌkɒmplɪˈkeɪʃən / Something that makes a situation more difficult,
or the act of doing this.
Compromise (V) Làm hại.
/ ’kɒmprəmaiz / Made vulnerable. 
Congenial (Adj) Bẩm sinh.
/ kənˈdʒiːniəl / A disease or physical abnormality present from
birth.
Coronary artery (N) Động mạch vành.
/ ´kɔrənəri 'ɑ:təri / The arterial blood vessels of coronary circulation,
which transport oxygenated blood to the heart
muscle.
Deformity (N) Dị dạng.
/ dɪˈfɔːməti / The situation in which a part of the body has not
 developed in the normal way or with the normal
shape.
Deposit (V) Tắc nghẽn, tích tụ.
/ dɪˈpɒzɪt / A layer that has formed under the ground,
especially over a long period.
Deprived (Adj) Thiếu thốn.
/ dɪˈpraɪvd / Not having the things that are necessary for
a pleasant life, such as enough money, food, or
good living conditions.
Diagnose (V) Chuẩn đoán.
/ ˌdaɪəɡˈnoʊz / To recognize and name the exact character of
a disease or a problem.
Disrupt (V) Gián đoạn.
/ dis'rʌpt / To cause (something) to be unable to continue in
the normal way to interrupt the normal progress
or activity of (something).
Dizziness (N) Sự choáng váng, chóng mặt.
/ ˈdɪzinəs / A temporary feeling that your sense of balance is
not good and that you may fall down.
Electrocardiogram (EKG Điện tâm đồ.
or ECG) (N) A drawing or electronic image made by
/i,lektrəʊ'kɑ:diəʊgræm/ an electrocardiograph.
Eliminate Loại ra, loại bỏ.
/ iˈlɪməneɪt / To remove or take away someone or something.
Endocarditis (N) Viêm màng trong tim.
/ ˌen.dəʊ.kɑːdˈaɪ.tɪs / Inflammation of the lining of the heart.
Essential (Adj) Cần thiết, thiết yếu.
/ ɪˈsenʃəl / Necessary or needed.
Exert (V) Đưa vào sử dụng, áp dụng.
/ ɪgˈzɜrt / To use something such as authority, power,
influence, etc. in order to make
something happen.
Expectancy (N) Tuổi thọ.
/ ɪkˈspektənsi / The feeling that something exciting or pleasant is
going to happen.
Heredity (N) Sự di truyền.
/ hɪˈredəti / The process by which characteristics are given
from a parent to their child through the genes.
Hypertension (N) Cao huyết áp.
/ ˌhaɪpɚˈtenʃən / A medical condition in
which your blood pressure is extremely high.
Hypotension (N) Huyết áp thấp
/ ˌhaɪpoʊˈtɛnʃən / Low blood pressure.
Impact (Adj) Sự va chạm, tác động.
/ ˈɪmˌpækt / The act or force of one thing hitting another .
Ischemia (N) Chứng thiếu máu cục bộ.
/ ɪˈskiːmiə / A medical problem in which there is not enough
blood flowing to a part of the body, usually
because the arteries have become too narrow. It
can lead to very serious health conditions.
Longstanding (Adj) Có từ lâu.
/ ˌlɑːŋˈstændɪŋ / Having existed for a long time.
Malfunction (N) Sự trục trặc, sự cố.
/ mælˈfʌŋk ʃən / To fail to work or operate correctly.
Moderately (Adv) Mức độ.
/ ˈmɒdərətli / In a way that is neither small nor large in size,
 amount, degree, or strength.
Myocarditis (N) Viêm cơ tim.
/ ˌmaɪ.əʊ.kɑːˈdaɪ.tɪs / Inflammation of the inner muscular layer of the
heart, usually caused by a viral infection.
Nausea (N) Sự buồn nôn.
/ ˈnɔːziə / The feeling that you are going to vomit.
Node (N) Nút.
/ nəʊd / A small lump or mass of tissue in your body.
Obesity (N) Béo phì.
/ əʊˈbiː.səti / The fact of being extremely fat, in a way that is
dangerous for health.
Particular (Adj) Cụ thể.
/ pɚˈtɪkjəlɚ / Including many details.
Patent ductus arteriosus Chứng còn ống động mạch.
(N) A birth defect of the heart in which a temporary
blood vessel that supplies the unborn child does
not close at birth.
Pattern (N) Khuôn, mẫu.
/ ‘pætən / A natural or chance marking, configuration, or
design.
Pericarditis (N) Viêm màng ngoài tim.
/ ˌper.ɪ.kɑːdˈaɪ.tɪs / Inflammation of the pericardium (= the
membrane that surrounds the heart).
Progressive (Adj) Tiến triển.
/ prəˈɡresɪv / Developing or happening gradually.
Prolonged (Adj) Kéo dài.
Continuing for a long time.
/ prəˈlɒŋd /
Relative (Adj) Tương đối.
/ ˈrɛlətɪv / Having a particular quality when compared with
something else.
Renal (Adj) Liên quan đến thận.
/ 'ri:nl / Relating to the kidneys (= body organs).
Septal (Adj) Vách ngăn.
/ ˈsep.təl / Relating to the septum (= a thin part dividing
tissues or spaces in an organ such as the nose or
heart).
Significant (Adj) Đáng kể.
/ sɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt / Having great effect or influence.
Starve (V) Chết đói.
/ ˈstɑɚv / To suffer or die from lack of food :to suffer
extreme hunger.
Stethoscope (N) Ống nghe.
/ ˈsteθəskəʊp / An instrument that is used for listening to
someone's heart or lungs.
Sufficient (Adj) Đủ.
/ səˈfɪʃənt / Enough for a particular purpose.
Tension (N) Sự căng thẳng.
/ ˈtenʃən / A feeling of nervousness before
an important or difficult event.
Term (N) Thuật ngữ.
/ ˈtɚm / A word or phrase that has an exact meaning.
Tetralogy of Fallot (N) Tứ chứng Fallot.
/ teˌtrælədʒi əv ˈfæləʊ/ A heart disease present at birth where the heart
has four faults at the same time.
Thrombus (N) Cục máu đông.
/ ˈθrɒmbəs / A thick mass of blood that forms in a blood vessel
and may block the flow of blood in the blood
vessel.
Vena Cava (N) Tĩnh mạch chủ.
/ ˈviːnə ˈkeivə /
One of the two large veins that carry
deoxygenated blood to the heart.
Ventricle (N) Tâm thất.
/ ´ventrikl / Either of two small, hollow spaces, one in each
side of the heart, that force blood into the tubes
leading from the heart to the other parts of the
body.