INSTITUTO TÉCNICO

COMERCIAL
RESTREPO
ENFOQUE HUMANISTICO DE LA CIENCIA,
TECNICA Y TECNOLOGÍA EN EL SIGLO XXI
“65 AÑOS DE CONSAGRACIÓN Y CALIDAD
EDUCATIVA EN LA FORMACIÓN INTEGRAL DE
GENERACIONES”

ENGLISH GUIDE NUMBER 3

LEVEL: ELEVENTH

TEACHER:
IVONNE BLANCO

APRIL
2021

PERFORMANCE INDICATORS FOR

ELEVENTH LEVEL
21.The student identifies and uses
connectors to express contrast in a
debate

22.The student understands compound

nouns, gerunds and infinitives in talking
about global warming

23.The student uses passive voice in

descriptions about the environment

24.The student identifies the main topic

sentences in different type of texts

25.The student applies her knowledge in a

kind ICFES test

26.The student interacts in different

activities applying skills in general written
texts
GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES
Here is a brief review of the differences between gerunds and infinitives.
Gerunds are formed with ING: walking, talking, thinking, listening Infinitives
are formed with TO: to walk, to talk, to think, to listen

Gerunds and infinitives can do several jobs:

 Both gerunds and infinitives can be the subject of a sentence::

Writing in English is difficult.

To write in English is difficult.

Both gerunds and infinitives can be the object of a verb::

I like writing in English.

I like to write in English.

But...
Only gerunds can be the object of a preposition::

We are talking about writing in English.

It is often difficult to know when to use a gerund and when to use an infinitive.
These guidelines may help you:

Gerunds are often used when actions are real, concrete or

completed::

I stopped smoking.
(The smoking was real and happened until I stopped.)

Infinitives are often used when actions are unreal, abstract, or

future::

I stopped to smoke.
(I was doing something else, and I stopped; the smoking had not
happened yet.)
Exercise

Change the verb in brackets into the correct form:

1.You anticipated______to sell_____(sell) that house.
2. We are always happy___to help ________(help).
3. We are dedicated to________changing______(change) how
things work. 4. We are going____to bowl________(bowl) tomorrow
night.
5. We are really excited about_____climbing______(climb) that
mountain. 6. They are going________to camp___(camp) next week.
7. The beep sound reminded me_________turning off_____(turn off) the
washing machine.
8. The teacher doesn't permit______to speak _______(speak) in class.
9.We waited____seeing_____(see) the doctor.
10. We are very happy about you_____getting_____(get) a new job.
11. He forgot____turning off_____ (turn off) the toaster, and the whole house
burned down. 12. He promised______finishing______(finish) his chores.
13. I need____to talk______(talk) with you.
14. I advised her_____to have_____(have) some soup.
15. He is responsible for_____painting_____(paint) all the
buildings.

16. He leaned against the wall_____smiing_______ (smile) at

her.

17. They avoid_______to visit______(visit) us.

18. Ashley recalled______not locking_____(not lock) the door.
19. I didn't have any problems___finding________(find) a
replacement.

20. They decided_____to cook______(cook) some rice.

21. I urge you____to start______(start).
22. The officer ordered him____stoping______(stop).
23. You mentioned_________taking ________(take) a break.
24. Their goal_________to bring__________(bring) peace gave hope to
everyone.

25. I am good enough___to pass______(pass) the audition.

26. He started__to shout________(shout) at his friends.
27. I am shocked___seeing_____(see) these two together.
28. He decided___not running______(not run) for president.
29. They kept___to talk_______(talk).
30. I am sorry___to say______(say) this, but I won't go.
31. Jack completed_fixing______(fix) the car.
32. It was difficult____to obtain_____(obtain) his permission.
33. I appreciate you_____ to help_______(help) me.
34. They are beginning____to sing___________(sing).
35. My memories of_____traveling______(travel) are well recorded in my
albums.
36. They would like us____to show_____ (show) them our products.
37. I dreaded____taking_______(take) that trip.
38. I don't mind___going________(go) with you.
39. He claimed_____beeing_______(be) a Romeo.
40. She can't help____to be______(be) so charming.
 PASSIVE VOICE
Passive voice is used when the focus is on the action. It is not important or not known,
however, who or what is performing the action.
Example: My bike was stolen.

In the example above, the focus is on the fact that my bike was stolen. I do not know,
however, who did it.
Sometimes a statement in passive is more polite than active voice, as the following
example shows:

Example: A mistake was made.

In this case, I focus on the fact that a mistake was made, but I do not blame anyone (e.g.
You have made a mistake.).

Form of Passive

Subject + finite form of to be + Past Participle (3rd column of irregular

verbs) Example: A letter was written.

When rewriting active sentences in passive voice, note the following:

▪ the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence ▪ the finite
form of the verb is changed (to be + past participle) ▪ the subject of the active sentence
becomes the object of the passive sentence (or is dropped)

Examples of Passive
Tense Subject Verb Object

Simple Present Active: Rita writes a letter.

Passive: A letter is written by Rita.

Simple Past Active: Rita wrote a letter.

Passive: A letter was written by Rita.

Present Perfect Active: Rita has written a letter.

Passive: A letter has been written by Rita.

 Future I Active: Rita will write a letter.

Passive: A letter will be written by Rita.

Hilfsverben Active: Rita can write a letter.

Passive: A letter can be written by Rita.

Examples of Passive
Tense Subject Verb Object

Present Active: Rita is writing a letter.

Progressive

Passive A letter is being written by Rita.

:

Past Active: Rita was writing a letter.

Progressive
Passive A letter was being written by Rita.
:

Past Perfect Active: Rita had written a letter.

Passive A letter had been written by Rita.

:

Future II Active: Rita will have written a letter.

Passive A letter will have been written by Rita.

:

Conditional I Active: Rita would write a letter.

Passive A letter would be written by Rita.

:

Conditional II Active: Rita would have written a letter.

Passive A letter would have been written by Rita.

 :

Passive Sentences with Two Objects

Rewriting an active sentence with two objects in passive voice means that one of
the two objects becomes the subject, the other one remains an object. Which
object to transform into a subject depends on what you want to put the focus on.
Subject Verb Object 1 Object 2

Active: Rita wrote a letter to me.

Passive: A letter was written to me by Rita.

Passive: I was written a letter by Rita.

ACTIVITY:
Fill the gaps with the correct tenses (active or passive voice).
1. In the year 122 AD, the Roman Emperor Hadrian (visit)______________his
provinces in Britain.
2. On his visit, the Roman soldiers (tell)______________him that Pictish tribes from
Britain's north(attack)_______________them.
3. So Hadrian (give)________________the order to build a protective wall across one
of the narrowest parts of the country.
4. After 6 years of hard work, the Wall (finish)__________________in 128.
5. It (be)______________117 kilometres long and about 4 metres high.
6. The Wall (guard)_____________by 15,000 Roman soldiers.
7. Every 8 kilometres there (be)_____________a large fort in which up to 1,000
soldiers (find)_____________shelter.
8. The soldiers (watch)_____________over the frontier to the north and
(check)__________________the people who (want)________________to
enter or leave Roman Britain.
9. In order to pass through the Wall, people (must go)____________to one of the
small forts that(serve)________________as gateways.
10. Those forts (call)_______________milecastles because the distance from one fort
to another (be)_______________one Roman mile (about 1,500 metres). 11.Between
the milecastles there (be)_____________two turrets from which the soldiers
(guard)_____________the Wall.
 12. If the Wall (attack)______________by enemies, the soldiers at the
turrets (run)________________to the nearest milecastle for help
or (light)______________a fire that (can / see)____________by the soldiers in the
milecastle.
13. In 383 Hadrian's Wall (abandon)__________________.
14. Today Hadrian's Wall (be)__________the most popular tourist attraction in
northern England.
15. In 1987, it (become)_________________ a UNESCO World Heritage Site. 16.
The Statue of Liberty (give)_____________to the United States by France. 17. It
(be)_____________a present on the 100th anniversary of the United States. 18.
The Statue of Liberty (design)_______________by Frederic Auguste Bartholdi.
19. It (complete)_____________in France in July 1884.
20. In 350 pieces, the statue then (ship)______________to New York, where
it (arrive)_____________on 17 June 1885.
21. The pieces (put)________________together and the opening
ceremony (take)________________place on 28 October 1886.
22. The Statue of Liberty (be)____________46 m high (93 m including the
base). 23. The statue (represent)______________the goddess of liberty.
24.She (hold)_____________a torch in her right hand and a tablet in her left hand.
25. On the tablet you (see / can)__________________the date of the Declaration of
Independence (July 4, 1776).
26.Every year, the Statue of Liberty (visit)________________by many people from all
over the world.

READING COMPREHENSION ACTIVITIES

Answer the questions 1-3 according to the following text:

WRITE LETTERS

The pen is mightier than the sword, they say; so why not use it? Write to packaging
manufacturers and ask them for the excess packaging on items you buy regularly. Write to
Manufacturers of canned goods and ask them to remove the sugar. Write to paper
suppliers and ask them to produce unbleached and recycled paper.
1. In the text, the underlined word it refers to:

The pen
The sword
Items
Letters

2. In the text, the underlined word regularly means

 Lately
Rarely
Only
Frequently

3. In the text, the words canned goods mean:

Plastic goods
Tinned food
Metal goods
Dog food

Construcción de párrafos

4-6

Jogging is good exercise when it is done regularly: at least three times a week. It
strengthens the leg muscles, and, (4) it forces the heart to beat faster, it also improves
blood circulation. Many people also jog (5) control their weight.
Joggers burn up 62 calories for every kilometer they run. (6) , jogging helps decrease
levels of emotional stress.

4.

furthermore
also
thus
since
5.

help with
helping
helps
to help

6.

In contrast
Whereas
In addition
However
Answer the questions 7-8 taking into account the information given by the following
graph:

7. The graph reflects that

the average life span in Russia is at least 80 years.

people in Chad almost never reach age 50.
people from Spain and Italy have the same life expectancy.
people in France have the highest life expectancy.

8. According to the graph, men all over the world

tend to live longer than women.

are not expected to live as long as women do.
want to live less than women.
are required not to live as long as women do.
9. Read the comments of an expert in Baroque music.

George Frederick Handel is one of the most outstanding composers of the Baroque
period. He composed many operas, but since he wasn't good at money management,
he went broke. He was well-known, though, due to his vast cosmopolitan repertoire,
including over fifty offertories. It can be said that he was a German artist who wrote
Italian music with a French style for the English people.

The word though implies that

despite his financial difficulties, his music was very successful during his own
time.
in spite of his great skill, he is still well-known.
he'd never have succeeded unless he had composed a lot of music.
somehow, Handel did a good deal of work.

10. The doctor's secretary asks the patient how he spells his name.
 How does you spell your name?
How your name does you spell?
How do you spell your name?
How your name do you spell?

Estas preguntas constan de un enunciado y cuatro opciones relacionadas con

él, identificadas con las letras A, B, C, D. Sólo una de estas opciones responde
correctamente al enunciado. Rellene el óvalo correspondiente en la tabla de
respuestas.

INTERPRETACIÓN DE GRÁFICAS

El enunciado o las opciones en estas preguntas son gráficas o dibujos. Usted

debe escoger entre las opciones, la oración que describa, interprete o
responda a la gráfica del enunciado, o la gráfica que corresponda a la
descripción dada en el mismo.

1. According to the picture, the man can it get into the

house because

A.the window is too big.

B.he is too tall.
C.he is too fat.
D.the window is too high.
Bob and Paula are canoeing.

2. According to the picture, they are

A.concerned.
B.confused.
C.bored.
D.frightened.
3. Bryan and Harry are brothers. Their mother told them that it was time

to do their homework. They

reacted differently.

A.Harry is more intelligent than

Bryan.

B.Bryan is not as disciplined as

Harry.
C.Harry is less patient than Bryan.
D.Bryan is not as young as Harry.

4. After three years, Mary was finally able to marry George.

According to the picture, Mary feels

A.ashamed.

B.surprised.

C.satisfied.

D.worried.

5. Patty is doing aerobics. The instructor says:

First, stand with your feet apart and your arms by your side. Next, bend down
and touch your left foot with both hands. Count to eight. Now, turn your body to
the right and touch your right foot. Count to eight again. Next, swing to the
middle, touch the floor and count to eight once more.
According to the text, the correct order to follow in the exercise

is:

A.

B.

C.

D.

TEXTOS INCOMPLETOS

El enunciado de estas preguntas es un texto con espacios en blanco

numerados, cada número corresponde a una pregunta. Usted debe leer
detenidamente el texto y escoger la opción que en cada pregunta lo
complete en forma lógica y coherente

Japanese couples 6________ a list of wedding presents; friends and relatives

are expected to give cash instead. During a typical Shinto ceremony, the bride
7___________ a kimono and only the relatives of the bride and groom
8________________ attend the actual ceremony.
6. 7. 8.

A.have A.carries A.never

B.don´t have B.takes B.rarely

C.had C.wears C.ever

D.didn´t have D.brings D.usually

DIÁLOGOS INCOMPLETOS
En estas preguntas el enunciado es un diálogo incompleto. Usted debe
escoger la opción que complete el diálogo en forma lógica y coherente.
10. Frank is tidying his room and his sister, Sally, is helping him. Frank is
throwing some things away.

Sally : Frank, what a nice poster!

Frank : Which one?
Sally : This one. The Shakira poster. Are you going to keep
it? Frank : No. Put it in the wastebasket.
Sally : _____________________________
Frank : Oh, yes, I do. I like her music. But, I don't want the poster.

A.Don't you like Shakira anymore?

B.Have you heard her new song?
C.Would you like a Shakira CD?
D.Why don't you give it to me?

11.Tom is reading the newspaper.

Tom : You know, the Russian ballet has been here for a month and we still
haven't seen it.
Paula: I know. _____________________________
Tom : That sounds great!

A.It must be wonderful.

B.You could go tomorrow.
C.Why don´t we go tomorrow night?
F.Do you have any suggestions?

12.Julia is at a shopping center with a friend. She is buying a jacket.

Julia : How much is it?

Seller: 500 dollars.
Julia : O.K. Just a moment, please. (She opens her handbag.) Oh no! I can't
find my credit card.
Fred : Are you sure you brought it with you?
Julia : Yes. ______________________________
Fred : Well, why don't you go to the information stand?
A.I can't believe it!
B.Have you seen it?
C.Don't laugh at me!
D.What should I do?

CONSTRUCCION DE ORACIONES
 En estas preguntas el enunciado es una oración incompleta. Usted debe
escoger la opción que complete la oración en forma lógica y coherente.

13. My mother____ from Spain.

A.are
B.is
C.am

14. Peter and Tom ____ best friends.

A.are
B.is
C.am

15. His parents_____ proud of him.

A.are
B.is
C.am

16. I ______ cooking in the kitchen.

A.are
B.is
C.am

17. They______ playing football.

A.are
B.is
C.am

18. We get up ______6 o'clock every day except Sunday.

A.at
B.on
C.in

19. _____the way to work we listen to the radio.

A.at
B.on
C.in

20. We are both______ work all day.

A.at
B.on
C.in

21. When do you go to church? _____ sunday at 10

o'clock. A.at
B.on
C.in

22. ______ the evening we are usually at home.

A.at
B.on
C.in

23. He ______the doughnut shop on the way to his job. (pass)

A. passes
B. pass
C.pas
24. The walk ____his energy, so he stops for a doughnut
(tax) A. Taxes
B. taxs
C.tax

25. He ____for a while with the woman who sells doughnuts. (talk)
A. talkes
B. talks
C.talls

26.The young woman _____ when he compliments her. (blush)

A. blush
B. blushes
C.blow
27. Simon _______ new doughnut flavors every day. ( discover)

A. discoveres
B. discovers
C.discover

28. Simon is messy. He often _____ sugar into his coffee cup on his office
desk. (mix)

A.mix
B. mixes

C.mixs

29. _______ Peter live with his father?

A. Do
B. Does
C. What
D. where
30. _______ you learn Spanish?
A. Do
B. Does
C. What
D. where

31. _______ Andrew and Martin ride their bikes to school?

A. Do
B. Does
C. What
D. where

32. _______ they play in the garden?

A. Do
B. Does
C. What
D. where

33. _______ Sandy's hamster live in a cage?

A. Do
B. Does
C. What
D. When

34. _______ the cats sit on the wall?

A. Do
B. Does
C. Who
D. where

35. _______ we work in front of the computer?

A. Do
B. Does
C. What
D. Which

There are 5 questions in this quiz. Look at the text in each question. What does it say?
Choose the correct answer.

1.
A.- Anyone can visit the private rooms from 10am to 2pm.
B.- You can get your membership cards from the Private Rooms
between 10am and 2pm.
C.- Only members can visit the Private Rooms from 10am to 2pm.

2.
A.- The water fitness classes are free to
people who swim ten times in a month.
B.- This month, you can go to Water Fitness Classes and use
the swimming pool ten times without paying.
C.- The swimming pool is free to people who go to the Water
Fitness Classes.

3. Students who do not sign up before Friday

lunchtime...

A.- will not be able to do afternoon activities next week.

B.- will have to work in the afternoons next week.

C.- won’t be able to choose their afternoon activities next

week.
4.

A.- The group leader cannot go on the trip of

Saturday.
B.- The trip to London will take place on a
different day.
C.- Miriam will not be able to
visit London at
the weekend.

5.

A.- You need a special type of ticket if you travel regularly.

B.- Cheaper tickets are available for people who travel often.
C.- The Super Weekly Saver ticket can help all travellers to save money.

THINKING OUT LOUD

When your legs don't ____________- like they used to before

And I can't sweep you off of your _____________
Will your _________ still remember the taste of my love?
Will your eyes still __________-- from your cheeks?

And, darling, I will be __________ you 'til we're 70

And, baby, my __________- could still fall as hard at 23
And I'mt___________- 'bout how people fall in love in mysterious
ways __________- just the touch of a hand
Well, me—I fall in love with you ____________-- single day
And I____________ wanna tell you I am

So, honey, ______________

Take me into your loving _______________
_____________-- me under the light of a thousand stars
Place your ____________-on my beating heart
I'm thinking out__________________-
Maybe we _________________ love right where we are

When my hair's all but ______________ and my memory fades

And the ________________ don't remember my name
When my _____________ don't play the strings the same way
(mmm...) I know you will still______________ me the same

'Cause, honey, your _____________ could never grow old, it's

evergreen And, baby, your smile's_____________ in my mind and
memory
I'm thinking 'bout how __________________ fall in love in mysterious ways
Maybe it's all________________ of a plan
Well, I'll just ___________ on making the same _________________-
Hoping that you'll ______________

That, baby, now

Take me ________________ your loving arms
Kiss me under the_____________ of a thousand stars
Place your head on my _________________ heart
Thinking ______________ loud
Maybe we found love ______________ where we are (oh, oh)

La, la, la, la, la, la, la, la, lo-ud

So, baby, now
Take me into__________ loving arms
Kiss me under the light of a
______________ stars
Oh, darling, ________ your head on my
beating heart
_____________ thinking out loud
But maybe we found love right
_________ we are
Oh, ___________, we found love right
where we are
______ we found love right where we are