Unit 8

CE 302: DESIGN OF HYDRAULIC STRUCTURES

Syphon well drop
its bottom,
This type of fall consists of an inlet well with a pipe at
a
or a cistern.
carrying water from the inlet well to a downstream well

FSL roadway

BL FSL

BL

This type of fall is adopted when there is an important feature

across the fall.
O The distance between this well is decided by the design/geological
features between these wells
19
 Unit 8
CE 302: DESIGN OF HYYDRAULIC STRUCTURES
Syphon well drop

1.8m
O The downstream well is necessary in the case of falls greater than
and for dischargesgreater than 0.29 cumecs.

water falls into the inlet well, through a trapezoidal notch

constructed
The
the bottom,
in the steining of the well, from where it enmerges near
dissipating its energy in turbulence inside the well.

This type of falls are very useful for affecting larger drops for smaller

discharges.
I n this type of fall, the nappe impinges into the water cushion below.
There is no clear hydraulicjump and the energy dissipation is brought
about by thhe turbulent diffusion, as the high velocity jet enters the deep

pool of water downstream.

 CE 302: DESIGN OF HYDRAULIC STRUCTURES Unit 8
Syphon well drop
Canal bank
Freebord US level
Canal FSL
Lne repres 2ning
topof side pthrg

Drop Side slopa

ys pitching YSCanal
03T
Canal
bed level
Earth Filling
Dry brick
pifching Dry brick well. Freeboard
on
bed
canal pitc hing on
sides of Lged pitching
conal Hume pipe

os be
level af cana
LConcrele plug Outer wellA
Deplh of Conc.1:484
woter cushion
Fig 124 Siphon Well drop.
 Unit 8
CE302 DESIGN OFHYDRAULIC STRUCTURES

Syphon well drop

Design a syphon well drop crossing a cart track with the following hydraulic
particulars
Canal Details U/S D/S
FSQ 0.3 Cumecs 0.3 Cumecs
CBL +20.00 +19.00
FSL +20.60 +19.60
FSD 0.60 0.60
Bed width 1.25 m 1.25 m
Top bank width 1m 1m
TBL +21.60 +20.60
Berm width 1m 1m

Slope of canal section in cutting and embankment are 1:1 and 1: 1 %

respectively.
Width of carttrack : 5m at level +20.50
General ground level at site: +20.60
Good soil availablebelow +19.00
Provide im wide catch drains on ither side of the cart track
 CE 302: DESIGN OF HYDRAULIC STRUCTURES Unit 8

Syphon well drop

TBL 21.60

FSL:
20.60 TBL:20.60
Q0.3cumecs
+20.00
FSL:19.60
Q= 0.3 cumecs
+19.00

OThe channel is let indown into an upstream well through a

trapezoidal notch the side wall of the well

T h e depth of the well is taken down sufficiently deep so that

the water in the well will act as a water cushion

connected by means of a conduit (called syphon

OThis welltoisanother
barrel) well downstream
 Unit 8
CE 302 DESIGN OF HYDRAULIC STRUCTURES
Syphon well drop

TBL:+21.60 +21.60 +20.50

5m wide
FSL:+20.60 GL: +20.60
roadway
BL: +20.0 FSL:+19.60

BL:+19.00

The water will be forced to through the syphon barrel, due to the difference in
water elevations in u/s and d/s wells.

The velocity of flow in barrel shall be limited to 2 to 3 m/s.

Assume a velocity of 2 m/s Discharge in the channel = 0.3 cumecs

Diameter of the barrel =43.7 cm Provide 45 cm dia. R C Hume pipe

 CE 302: DESIGN OF HYDRAULIC STRUCTURES Unit 8

Syphon well drop

Discharge through syphon :
The head required to drive the flow through inverted syphon is given by Unwin's
formula

h=(1+h thR29
h: Difference in levels of water u/s and d/s
L: Length of barrel.
R: Hydraulic mean radius of the barrel.
V: Velocity of flow through the barel

f : a coefficient such that head loss on entry = fh (may be taken as 0.505for an

unshaped mouth of the same sectional area as the barrel)

fa:a coefficient
= a(1+ such that head loss
due to friction in the barrel is given by= (ax)a
For a smooth concrete surface, a = 0.00316 and b = 0.10