9

Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 4:
Solving Problems Involving
Quadratic Equations and
Rational Algebraic Equations
Subject Area - Mathematics 9
Self-Learning Module (SLM)
Quarter 1 – Module 4: Solving Problems Involving Quadratic Equations and
Rational Algebraic Equations
First Edition, 2020

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 9

Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 4 :
Solving Problems Involving
Quadratic Equations and
Rational Algebraic Equations
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Mathematics 9 Self-Learning Module (SLM) on Solving Problems

Involving Quadratic Equations and Rational Algebraic Equations!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both
from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping
the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming
their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

It focuses on the fundamental concepts of quadratic equations and its application.

The presentation and examples herein stated are tailored-fit and meticulously
selected to ensure learners understanding. Learners should be able to identify the
significant characteristics of each concept. An array of solving strategies are then
manifested to guide students’ learning.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. It is significant that the learner be able
to integrate the values of patience and perseverance to attain the needed competency.
Furthermore, this also aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills
while taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that will help
you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage
their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
For the learner:

Welcome to the Mathematics 9 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Solving

Problems Involving Quadratic Equations and Rational Algebraic Equations!

The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner
is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies and
skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to
process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the

lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.
 What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will
help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned. This also tends retention of
learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

References This is a list of all sources used in developing

this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

What I Need to Know

 This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
master on how to solve problems involving quadratic equations and rational algebraic
equations. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning
situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students.
The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order
in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now
using.

After going through this module, you are expected to solve problems involving
quadratic equations and rational algebraic equations using extracting square roots,
factoring, completing the square and quadratic formula.

What I Know

DIRECTIONS: Solve the following problems involving quadratic equations and

rational algebraic equations, then choose the letter of the correct
answer.

1. The legs of a right triangle have lengths 3 and 4. Find the length of the
hypotenuse.
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5

2. In a right triangle, the length of one leg is two more than the other leg. If
the length of the hypotenuse is √52, find the lengths of the two legs?
A. 4 & 6 B. 7 & 8 C. 9 & 10 D. 11 & 12

3. The length of the side of a square is √5. Find the length of its diagonal.
A. √10 B. √11 C. √12 D. √13

4. A 10m stepladder inclines against the wall such that the base of the
ladder is 6m from the wall. How high is the wall?
A. 9 B. 8 C. 7 D. 6

5. Which of the following is the diagonal of a square if its length is 3√2?

A. 4 B. 6 C. 7 D. 8

6. If the square of a number is added to 8times the number, the sum is 153.
Find the number.
A. 9 or 17 B. -9 or 17 C. -9 & -12 D. 9 or – 17

7. The length of a table is 2 meters longer than its width. What is the width
if the area is 8m2?
A.4 B. 3 C. 2 D. 1
 8. What must be the length of the remaining side of a triangle if the longest
side is 17cm and the other side is 8cm?
A. 5 B. 10 C. 15 D. 20

9. The sum between a number and 4 times its reciprocal is 4. Find the
number.
A.4 B. 3 C. 2 D. 1

10. The length of the diagonal of a square measures 5√2 cm. What is the
length of a square?
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5

11. 14 times a number added to twice the square of a number is 60. Find
the number.
A.3 or -10 B. -3 or -10 C. 5 or -9 D. -5 or 9

12. What must be the length of the hypotenuse of a right triangle if the
legs are 6 and √13 ?
A.5 B. 6 C.7 D. 8

13. What is the length of a rectangle if its length is 3cm more than the
width and the area is 70 cm2?
A.20 B. 15 C. 10 D. 5

14. A rectangular object has a length of 3cm longer than its width. What is
the width of the object if its area is 10cm 2?
A.1 B.2 C. 3 D. 4

15. How long is the flower and vegetable garden of Amy if the length is 5m
longer than its width and the area is 50m2?
A. 10 B. 15 C. 20 D. 25

Lesson Solving Problems Involving

Quadratic Equations and Rational
1 Algebraic Equations
 One important application of quadratic equations is to find solutions to
word problems that involve real-life situations.
A word problem which when transformed into mathematical equation
would lead into a quadratic having at most two real roots. In some problems,
other roots are discarded, so always check them and find out the roots which do
not satisfy the conditions in the problem given.
There are several ways by which roots of a quadratic equation can be found.
A recall of algebraic skills involving polynomials is necessary to entirely
understand the methods in solving.

What’s In
Directions: Find the roots/zeros of the following quadratic equations using any
method.

1. x(x-5) = 0
2. x2 +8x- 20 = 0
3. x2 -10x = 56
4. 2x2 + 28x +48 = 0
5. x2 +2x -3 = 0
6. (x-5) (x + 3) = 0
7. x2-6x +5 = 0
8. 3x2 -12x -15 = 0
9. (2x +3) (x-4) = 0
10. x2 -12x -85 = 0

What’s New
Activity 1:” FIND ME!”

Directions: Solve the following problems involving quadratic equations, then

answer the questions that follow.

Problem1. If the square of a number plus eight times the number, the sum is twenty.
What is the number?

a. What is the formulated equation?

b. What are the factors of the quadratic equation?
c. What is the positive root?
d. What is the number?

Problem 2. The owner of one of the department stores in Kidapawan City put a
billboard in front of his store having a length of 6m longer than its width and an
area of 40 square meters. What are the length and width of the billboard?

a. What is the equation formulated relating the length and width of the
billboard?
 b. What number must be added to both sides of the equation by completing the
square?
c. Express the left side member of the equation as a square of the binomial.
d. What is the positive root?
e. What are the length and width of the billboard?

Problem 3. If the sum between a number and its reciprocal is 2, find the number.

a. What expression represents the reciprocal of a number?

b. Formulate a rational algebraic equation of the problem.
c. Transform the equation formulated into standard form ax2 + bx + c = 0.
d. What is the root of the equation?

Problem 4. Thirty-three divided by the sum of a number and two is equal to half
the difference of the number and three. Find the numbers.

a. Formulate a rational algebraic equation of the problem.

b. Transform the equation formulated into standard form ax 2 + bx + c = 0.
c. What are the factors of the quadratic equation?
d. What is the positive root of the equation?

What is It

Solving word problems involving quadratic equations and rational algebraic

equations means finding the solutions of the problem for which ax2+bx+c= 0. In order
to attain this, apply your knowledge in factoring, extracting square roots, completing
the square, and quadratic formula. Then, follow the steps in problem solving.

1. Read and analyze the problem carefully

2. Determine the unknown part of the sentence
3. Represent the unknown with a variable
4. Translate the problem into mathematical statements
5. Transform the information given into a quadratic equation
6. Solve the quadratic equation using factoring, extracting square roots,
completing the square or quadratic formula
7. Use extracting square root method for incomplete quadratic equation
8. Relate the solution obtained from one of the methods to the statement asked
in the problem
9. Check the answer if it satisfies the condition of the problem

However, in solving rational equation, multiply both sides of the equation

by the least common denominator (LCD) in order to have a quadratic equation, then
solve the formulated quadratic either by factoring, extracting square roots,
completing the square or by quadratic formula.

In solving the problem below, you can use factoring method.

Problem 1. If the square of a number plus eight times the number, the sum is
twenty. What is the number?
 Solution:
Let x be the number
x2 +8x = 20 quadratic equation
x2 + 8x – 20 = 0 transform to the standard form of a quadratic equation
(x + 10) (x – 2) = 0 factor the left side member of the equation
x + 10 = 0 x -2 = 0 equate every factor to zero, then solve for x
x = -10 x=2

The number is -10 or 2

Checking:
x2 + 8x = 20 x2 + 8x = 20
(-10)2 + 8(-10) = 20 (2)2 + 8(2)=20 substitute the value of x
100 - 80 = 20 4 + 16 = 20 simplify
20= 20 20 = 20

The values of x, -10 and 2 satisfy the equation. Therefore, the number could be – 10
or 2.

Completing the square method is more appropriate to use in the problem

below.
Problem 2. If we represent the width of the billboard by x in meters, then its length
is (x+6) m. Since the area of the billboard is 40m2, then (x) (x+6) = 40

The equation is (x)(x+6) = 40.

(x)(x+6) = 40 multiply the factors, then combine similar terms
x2+6x = 40 Quadratic Equation

Solve the quadratic equation by completing the square

x2+6x+____ = 40+_______ get ½ of the coefficient of x, then square it

The number to be added to both sides of the equation is 9. The left side member of
the equation becomes a perfect square trinomial.

x2 +6x + 9 = 40+9
(x+3) (x+3) = 49 factor the left side member of the equation
(x+3)2 = 49 write the left side as a square of a binomial
x+3 = ±√49 get the square root of 49
x = -3+7 x = -3-7 solve for x
x=4 x = -10

The equation has 2 solutions: x = 4 or x = -10

However, consider only the positive value of x since the condition involves measures
of length and width. Hence, the width of the billboard is 4 m and its length is 10 m.

Checking:
x2+ 6x = 40
42 + 6(4) = 40 substitute the value of x which is 4 to the equation
16 + 24 = 40 simplify the answer
40 = 40
The value of x = 4 satisfies the equation. Therefore, the width of the billboard is 4 m
while the length is 10 m.

−𝒃±√𝒃𝟐 −𝟒𝒂𝒄
Use the quadratic formula 𝒙 = for the problem below.
𝟐𝒂
Problem 3. If the sum between a number and its reciprocal is 2, find the number.

Solution:
Let x be the number

1
be its reciprocal
𝑥

Equation:
1
x+ =2
𝑥

1
(x)(x + ) = (2)(x) multiply both sides of the equation by the LCD
𝑥

x2 + 1 = 2x Quadratic Equation
Transform to the standard form of a quadratic equation, then identify the values of
a, b, and c
x2 – 2x + 1 = 0

a=1 b = -2 c=1
Solve using the Quadratic Formula
−𝑏 ± √𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
𝑥=
2𝑎

−(−2)±√−22 −4(1)(1)
x= substitute the values of a, b, and c in the formula
2(1)
2±√4−4
x= simplify the answer
2
2±√0
x=
2
x=1

The number is 1.

Checking:
1
x+ =2
𝑥
1
1+ =2 substitute the value of x which is 1, then simplify
1
2=2
The value of x = 1 satisfies the equation.
Another method for problem number 3 is by extracting square roots
1
x+ =2 equation formulated
𝑥
1
(x)(x + ) = (2)(x) multiply both sides of the equation by the LCD
𝑥

x2 + 1 = 2x Quadratic Equation

x2 – 2x + 1 = 0 transform to the standard form of a quadratic equation

(x-1) (x-1) = 0 factor the left side member of the equation

(x-1)2 = 0 write the left side member as a square of a binomial

(√𝑥 − 2 )2 = √0 square both sides of the equation

x -1 = √0 extract the square root

x=1±0

x=1
Checking
1
x+ =2
𝑥

1
1+ =2 substitute the value of x which is 1 to the original equation
1

1+1=2
2–2

Therefore, the value of x = 1 satisfies the equation.

The problem below involves rational algebraic equation. Transform it first to

quadratic equation then solve using any method.
Problem 4. Thirty-three divided by the sum of a number and two is equal to half
the difference of the number and three. Find the number.

Let x be the number

Now we can set up our equation
33
Thirty-three divided by the sum of a number and two ( )is half the difference of
𝑥+2
𝑥−3
the number and three ( )
2

Before solving, take note that there’s a variable in the denominator which means
there is a restricted value. So, x ≠ -2 because that would make the denominator
zero which would then make the expression undefined. Therefore, multiply both
sides of the equation by the Least Common Denominator(LCD), then cancel

33 𝑥−3
=
𝑥+2 2

multiply both sides by the LCD

66 = (x+2(x-3)
(x+2) (x-3) = 66 Symmetric Property
x2 –x – 6 = 66 multiply the factors
x –x – 6 + (-66) = 66 + ( -66)
2 Addition Property of Equality
x2 -x -72 = 0 Quadratic Equation

Solve by factoring
x2 -x -72 = 0
(x-9) (x+8) = 0 factor the left side member of the equation
 x-9 = 0 x+8 = 0 equate every factor to zero, then solve for x
x=9 x=-8

Checking:
33 𝑥−3 33 𝑥−3
= =
𝑥+2 2 𝑥+2 2
33 9−3 33 −8−3
= = substitute the value of x
9+2 2 −8+2 2
33 9−3 33 −11
= = simplify
11 2 −6 2

33 6 11 11
= - =- Both sides of the equation are equal.
11 2 2 2

3 =3

The values of x, -8 and 9 satisfy the equation. Therefore, the number could be -8
and 9.

What’s More

Kidapawan City wants to place a new billboard to inform visitors of its new
attraction. Suppose the length of the billboard to be placed is 5m longer than its
width and the area is 50m2. Find the length and width of the billboard.
Questions:

1. What expression represents the width of the billboard? How about the
expression that represents its length?

2. Formulate the equation relating the width, length, and the area of the
billboard.

3. How will you arrive at the mathematical sentence?

4. Using the equation, how will you determine the length and width of the
billboard?

5. What are the length and width of the billboard?

What I Have Learned

Directions: Fill in the blanks with the correct answer.

 1. The 4 methods of solving problems involving quadratic equations are
___________.__________,______________,and _______________.

2. In completing the square method, transform the left side member of the
equation into a _______________________.

3. In solving rational algebraic equations, multiply both members of the

equation by the _____________________ in order to clear the equation of
fractions.

4. The standard form of a quadratic equation is ________________________.

5. In using the quadratic formula, the first step in solving 4x = 9 – 5x2 is to

transform it into ____________________, then identify the values of a, b, and c.

What I Can Do
Directions: Read and answer the following situations.

A. Solve by Factoring and Completing the Square

The house of Mr. Elberto O. Mogato has a rectangular table center. He wants
to put a mantle with a length of 2m longer than its width. The area is 24m2. What
will be the length and width of the mantle?

B.Solve by Quadratic Formula and Extracting Square Roots

The utility boy of a certain school followed the request of the principal to divide
the 4 m water pipe into two parts so that the sum of their reciprocal is 1. What will
be the measures of the two parts of the water pipe?

Assessment

Directions: Solve the following problems involving quadratic equations and

rational algebraic equations using any method. Choose the letter of the
correct answer.

1. The sum of squares of two consecutive even numbers is 340. Find the numbers.
A.12 & 14 B. 13 & 15 C. 16 & 18 D. 20 & 22
2. The sum of two numbers is 27 and their product is 50. Find the numbers.
A.20 & 2 B. 25 & 2 C. 30 & 2 D. 35 & 2

3. The sum of a number and its reciprocal is 5/2 Find the number.
A.5 B. 4 C.3 D. 2

4. If a number is added to its square, the result is 110. Find the number.
A.10 B. 9 C.8 D. 7

5. What is the value of x if a number less its reciprocal is 8/3?

1 1 1 1
A. B. C. D.
2 4 3 5

6. One number is 2 greater than another number. If the sum of their squares is
100, what are the numbers?
A.2 & 8 B. 6 & 8 C. 7 & 8 D. 11 & 8

7. Yna’s father is 4 years more than twice as old as her. The product of their ages
in years is 30. How old is Alyssa?
A.1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4

8. If a number is added to its square, the sum is 20. Find the number.
A.3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6

9. Mario bought a 320m2rectangular house lot at Guava Street, Kidapawan City.

The length is 4m longer than its width. What is the length of the house lot?
A. 20 B. 22 C.12 D. 10

10. Lynette is 2 years more than the age of her younger sister, Alyssa. If the
product of their ages is 528. How old is Alyssa?
A. 25 B.24 C. 23 D. 22

11. The sum of the reciprocal of a number and the reciprocal of 5 less than the
number is 3 times the reciprocal of the original number. Find the original number.
A. 10 B. 6 C. 4 D. 2

12. Before the lockdown last april,2020, Ana bought a mirror at Gaisano Mall,
Kidapawan City as a birthday gift to her daughter. What should be the length of the
mirror if it is 4cm more than double the width, and the area is 30cm2?
A. 11 B. 10 C. 9 D. 8

For question nos. 13 – 15, refer to the problem below.

Pedro is a well known carpenter in Singao,Kidapawan City. He works in one
of the hotels in the same place. One morning, he cut the 25m electric wire into two
parts in such a way that the sum of their reciprocals is 1/6 .

13. Which of the following is the longest part of the electric wire?
A. 5 B. 10 C. 15 D. 20

14. What are the measures of the two parts of the electric wire?
A. 5 & 10 B.10 & 15 C. 15 & 20 D. 20 & 25

15. What quadratic equation can be derived from the given problem?
 1 1 1 1 1 1
A. + = B. + =
𝑥 25−𝑥 6 𝑥 𝑥−25 6
1 1 1 1 1 1
C. + = D. − =
6 25−𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 25−𝑥 6

Additional Activities

Cite a real life situation where the concept of quadratic equation is applied.
Formulate and solve the problems out of this situation.

Answer Key

Problem 3.
x = 5, x = - 1 7. length = 10
x = -3, x = 5 6. e. width = 4
x = -3, x = 1 5. d. 4
x= -6, x = -6 4. c.(x+3)2
 Published by Department Of Education pp 52 - 57
2. Mathematics 9 Teaching Guide
Published by Department Of Education pp 88 – 92
1. Mathematics 9 Learner’s Material First Edition 2014
References:
Assess What I What I have What’s More
ment Can Do Learned 1. x = be the width of
1. A A. 1. Factoring, the billboard
2. B Width = 4 extracting x + 5 = be the length
3. D Length = 6 square roots, of the billboard
4. A completing the 2. (x)(x + 5) = 50
5. C B. square, 3. L x W = A
6. B 1st part = 2 quadratic 4. Factoring method
7. C 2nd part = 2 formula 5. width = 5
8. B 2. Perfect Square length = 10
9. A Trinomial
10.D 3. Least common
11.A denominator
12.B (LCD)
13.C 4. ax2 + bx + c = 0
14.B 5. 5x2 + 4x – 9 = 0
15. A
 3. Intermediate Algebra Textbook for Second Year pp 61 - 63
Soledad Jose-Dilao, Ed.D. and Julieta G. Bernabe
JTW Corporation

4. Advance Algebra, Trigonometry and Statistics

Worktext in Mathematics IV (B.E.C. Based) pp 91 – 92
Bernardo D, Estrabo Jr., Irene Ofresenia A. Garovillas & Fernando C. Pascual
Exclusively Published & Distributed by Innovative Educational Materials,Inc.

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