Level 2: New Century Mathematics (Second Edition) S3 Question Bank 3A Chapter 6 More On Deductive Geometry

New Century Mathematics (Second Edition)
S3 Question Bank
3A Chapter 6 More on Deductive Geometry
Level 2
<code=10143435>
<bk=3A><ch=6><ex=6A><type=L2><mark=9><title=10143435><content>
A
B C
E
In the figure, ADB and BEC are straight lines. AD = CE and DB = EB. AE and CD intersect at F.
(a) Prove that AE = CD.
(b) If AEB = 70 and BAE = 30, find EFC.
(9 marks)
Solution:
(a) In △ABE and △CBD,
AD = CE given 1M
DB = EB given 1M
∴ AD + DB = CE + EB
i.e. AB = CB 1A
ABE = CBD common angle 1M
∴ △ABE  △CBD SAS 1M
∴ AE = CD corr. sides,  △s 1A
(b) ∵ △ABE  △CBD (proved in (a))

∴ BCD = BAE = 30 (corr. s,  △s) 1M
In △CFE,
BEF = ECF + EFC (ext.  of △) 1M
70 = 30 + EFC
EFC = 40 1A
<end>
© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2017 3A Chapter 6 Level 2 P.30

<code=10143500>
A
N
B D
C
In the figure, BND is a straight line. AD = CD, DAN = DCN = 90 and ABN = CBN.
(a) Prove that AND = CND.
(b) Prove that BAN = BCN.
(9 marks)
Solution:
(a) In △AND and △CND,
AD = CD given 1M
DAN = DCN = 90 given 1M
ND = ND common side 1M
∴ △AND  △CND RHS 1M
∴ AND = CND corr. s,  △s 1A
(b) In △ABN and △CBN,

ABN + BAN = AND ext.  of △ 1M
BAN = AND – ABN 1A
CBN + BCN = CND ext.  of △
BCN = CND – CBN 1A
∵ ABN = CBN and given
AND = CND. proved in (a)
∴ BAN = BCN 1A
<end>

<code=10143590>
A D
B C
In the figure, AC and BD intersect at N. BAN = CDN and AB = DC.
(a) Prove that AN = DN and BN = CN.
(b) Prove that △ABC  △DCB.
(9 marks)
Solution:
(a) In △ABN and △DCN,
AB = DC given 1M
BAN = CDN given 1M
ANB = DNC vert. opp. s 1M
∴ △ABN  △DCN AAS 1M
∴ AN = DN and BN = CN. corr. sides,  △s 1A
(b) In △ABC and △DCB,

AC = AN + CN 1M
DB = BN + DN
∵ AN = DN and BN = CN. proved in (a)
∴ AC = DB 1M
AB = DC given
BC = CB common side 1M
∴ △ABC  △DCB SSS 1A
<end>

<code=10143618>
A
B D
C
In the figure, P and Q are the mid-points of AD and CD respectively. It is given that AB = CB and
AP = CQ.
(a) Prove that △ABD  △CBD.
(b) Prove that ABP = CBQ.
(10 marks)
Solution:
(a) In △ABD and △CBD,
AB = CB given 1M
∵ P and Q are the mid-points of AD and CD respectively. given
∴ AD = 2AP and CD = 2CQ. 1M
∵ AP = CQ given
∴ AD = CD 1A
BD = BD common side 1M
∴ △ABD  △CBD SSS 1A
(b) In △ABP and △CBQ,

∵ △ABD  △CBD proved in (a)
∴ BAP = BCQ corr. s,  △s 1M
AB = CB and AP = CQ. given 1M+1M
∴ △ABP  △CBQ SAS 1M
∴ ABP = CBQ corr. s,  △s 1A
<end>

<code=10143650>
A D
B C
In the figure, AC and BD intersect at N. It is given that AN = CN and AB // DC.

(a) Prove that △ABN  △CDN.
(b) Prove that AD // BC.
(10 marks)
Solution:
(a) In △ABN and △CDN,
AN = CN given 1M
BAN = DCN alt. s, AB // DC 1M
ABN = CDN alt. s, AB // DC 1M
∴ △ABN  △CDN AAS 1A
(b) In △BNC and △DNA,

∵ △ABN  △CDN proved in (a)
∴ BN = DN corr. sides,  △s 1M
BNC = DNA vert. opp. s 1M
AN = CN given 1M
∴ △BNC  △DNA SAS 1M
∴ BCN = DAN corr. s,  △s 1M
∴ AD // BC alt. s equal 1A
<end>

<code=10143679>
Q 9.6
P
18
12
14.4
R 15 S
Refer to the figure.

(a) Prove that △QRS ~ △PSQ.
(b) Prove that QP // RS.
(7 marks)
Solution:
(a) In △QRS and △PSQ,
QR 18 5
= = 1A
PS 14.4 4
QS 12 5
= = 1A
PQ 9 .6 4
RS 15 5
= = 1A
SQ 12 4
QR QS RS
∴ = = 1M
PS PQ SQ
∴ △QRS ~ △PSQ 3 sides proportional 1A
(b) ∵ △QRS ~ △PSQ proved in (a)

∴ QSR = PQS corr. s, ~ △s 1M
∴ QP // RS alt. s equal 1A
<end>
<code=10143730>
P
Q R
N
In the figure, N is a point on QR such that RPN = RQP.

(a) Prove that △PQR ~ △NPR.
(b) Prove that PR2 = QR  NR.
(7 marks)
Solution:
(a) In △PQR and △NPR,
RPN = RQP given 1M
PRN = QRP common angle 1M
PNR = 180 – RPN – PRN  sum of △ 1M
QPR = 180 – RQP – QRP  sum of △
= 180 – RPN – PRN
∴ PNR = QPR 1M
∴ △PQR ~ △NPR AAA 1A
(b) ∵ △PQR ~ △NPR proved in (a)

PR QR
∴ = corr. sides, ~ △s 1M
NR PR
PR2 = QR  NR 1A
<end>
<code=10143774>
A
16
C
8
B F
20 D 10
In the figure, ACF and BDF are straight lines. AC = 16, CF = 8, BD = 20 and DF = 10.
(a) Prove that △AFB ~ △CFD.
(b) Prove that ABC = BCD.
(8 marks)
Solution:
(a) In △AFB and △CFD,
AF 16  8
= =3 1A
CF 8
BF 20  10
= =3 1A
DF 10
AF BF
∴ = 1M
CF DF
AFB = CFD common angle 1M
∴ △AFB ~ △CFD ratio of 2 sides, inc.  1A
(b) ∵ △AFB ~ △CFD proved in (a)

∴ BAF = DCF corr. s, ~ △s 1M
∴ AB // CD corr. s equal 1M
∴ ABC = BCD alt. s, AB // CD 1A

<end>
<code=10143919>
Q P
16
24 135
T
S 36
In the figure, QP // ST, PQ  QR and RST = 135. QR = 16, RS = 24 and ST = 36.
(a) Find QRS.
(b) Hence, prove that △QRS ~ △RST.
(10 marks)
Solution:
(a) Extend SR and PQ to meet at N.
1M
Q
N P
16
24 135
T
S 36
∵ NP // ST (by construction)
∴ PNS + NST = 180 (int. s, NP // ST) 1M
PNS + 135 = 180
PNS = 45 1A
NQR + PQR = 180 (adj. s on st. line)
NQR + 90 = 180
NQR = 90
In △QNR,
QRS = QNR + NQR (ext.  of △) 1M
= 45 + 90
= 135 1A
(b) In △QRS and △RST,

QR 16 2
= = 1A
RS 24 3

RS 24 2
= = 1A
ST 36 3
QR RS
∴ = 1M
RS ST
RST = 135 given
∵ QRS = 135 from (a)
∴ QRS = RST 1M
∴ △QRS ~ △RST ratio of 2 sides, inc.  1A
<end>
<code=10143954>
P
S
3 Y
X
4
Z
Q 2
4.5 R
In the figure, PXQ, PYR and SZR are straight lines. XY // QR, XY = 3, QR = 4.5, RZ = 2 and ZS = 4.
(a) (i) Prove that △PXY ~ △PQR.
(ii) Hence, find PY : PR.
(b) Prove that △RYZ ~ △RPS.
(12 marks)
Solution:
(a) (i) In △PXY and △PQR,
PXY = PQR corr. s, XY // QR 1M
PYX = PRQ corr. s, XY // QR 1M
XPY = QPR common angle 1M
∴ △PXY ~ △PQR AAA 1A
(ii) ∵ △PXY ~ △PQR (proved in (a))

PY XY
∴ = QR (corr. sides, ~ △s)
PR
1M
3
=
4.5
∴ PY : PR = 2 : 3 1A
(b) In △RYZ and △RPS,

RZ 2 1
= = 1A
RS 24 3

RY RP  PY
=
RP RP
PY
= 1
RP
2
= 1 1M
3
1
= 1A
3
RZ RY
∴ = 1M
RS RP
YRZ = PRS common angle 1M
∴ △RYZ ~ △RPS ratio of 2 sides, inc.  1A
<end>
<code=10143999>
A D
E
B
In the figure, AE and BD intersect at C. It is given that BAC = EDC.
(a) Prove that △ABC ~ △DEC.
(b) If AB = 30, BC = 18, AE = 41.4 and DE = 24, is AE perpendicular to BD? Explain your
answer.
(11 marks)
Solution:
(a) In △ABC and △DEC,
ACB = DCE vert. opp. s 1M
BAC = EDC given 1M
ABC = 180 − ACB − BAC  sum of △ 1M
DEC = 180 − DCE − EDC  sum of △
= 180 − ACB − BAC
∴ ABC = DEC 1M
∴ △ABC ~ △DEC AAA 1A
(b) ∵ △ABC ~ △DEC (proved in (a))

EC DE
∴ = (corr. sides, ~ △s)
BC AB
1M

EC 24
=
18 30
EC = 14.4 1A
AC = AE – EC
= 41.4 – 14.4
= 27 1A
In △ABC,
AC2 + BC2 = (272 + 182) = 1 053
AB2 = 302 = 900
∵ AC2 + BC2  AB2
∴ ACB  90 (converse of Pyth. theorem) 1M+1A
i.e. AE is not perpendicular to BD. 1A
<end>
<code=10144044>
E
D
N
F G
A C
B
In the figure, ABC and BGE are straight lines. AE cuts DB and DC at F and N respectively. △ABD
and △BCE are equilateral triangles.
(a) Prove that △ABE  △DBC.
(b) Prove that △AFB ~ △DFN.
(11 marks)
Solution:
(a) In △ABE and △DBC,
∵ △ABD and △BCE are equilateral triangles. given
∴ AB = DB and BE = BC. 1M+1M
DBA = CBE = 60 property of equil. △ 1M
ABE = 180 − CBE adj. s on st. line 1M
= 180 − 60
= 120
DBC = 180 − DBA adj. s on st. line
= 180 − 60
= 120

∴ ABE = DBC 1M
∴ △ABE  △DBC SAS 1A
(b) In △AFB and △DFN,

∵ △ABE  △DBC proved in (a)
∴ BAF = NDF corr. s,  △s 1M
BFA = NFD vert. opp. s 1M
ABF = 180 – BAF – BFA  sum of △ 1M
DNF = 180 – NDF – NFD  sum of △
= 180 – BAF – BFA
∴ ABF = DNF 1M
∴ △AFB ~ △DFN AAA 1A
<end>
<code=10144095>
<bk=3A><ch=6><ex=6B><type=L2><mark=7><title=10144095><content>
C
x
A B
In the figure, D is a point on AC. AD = BD and AB = AC. BAD = x.

(a) Express ACB in terms of x.
(b) If BD = BC, prove that x = 36.
(7 marks)
Solution:
(a) In △ABC,
∵ AB = AC (given)
∴ ABC = ACB (base s, isos. △) 1M
ABC + ACB + x = 180 ( sum of △) 1M
2ACB + x = 180
2ACB = 180 − x
x
∴ ACB  90  1A
2
(b) In △ABD,
∵ AD = BD given
∴ DBA = BAD = x base s, isos. △

BDC = BAD + DBA ext.  of △ 1M
=x+x
= 2x 1A
∵ BD = BC given
∴ BDC = DCB base s, isos. △
x
2x = 90  from (a) 1M
2
5x
= 90
2
∴ x = 36 1A
<end>
<code=10144125>
S R Q
T
In the figure, R is a point on SQ such that PQ = RQ. It is given that PQ // TS and PRT = 90.
(a) Express TSR in terms of .
(b) Hence, prove that ST = SR.
(10 marks)
Solution:
(a) In △PQR,
∵ RQ = PQ (given)
∴ QRP = QPR =  (base s, isos. △) 1M
PQR = 180 – QRP – QPR ( sum of △) 1M
= 180 –  – 
= 180 – 2
TSR + PQR = 180 (int. s, PQ // TS) 1M
TSR = 180 − PQR
TSR = 180 − (180 – 2)
TSR = 2 1A
(b) SRT = 180 – QRP – PRT adj. s on st. line 1M

= 180 –  – 90
= 90 –  1A
In △SRT,
STR = 180 – SRT – TSR  sum of △

= 180 – (90 – ) – 2 1M
= 90 –  1A
∴ STR = SRT 1M
∴ ST = SR sides opp. eq. s 1A
<end>
<code=10144151>
40
T P
25
S
40
39
R Q
62.4
In the figure, TSQ is a straight line. TP = 40, TS = 25, SR = 39, RQ = 62.4 and PQ = 40. It is given
that SRQ = SQR.
(a) Prove that △PQT ~ △SQR.
(b) Prove that TP // RQ.
(9 marks)
Solution:
(a) In △PQT and △SQR,
∵ SRQ = SQR given
∴ SQ = SR = 39 sides opp. eq. s 1M
PQ40
SQ
= 1A
39
PT 40
= 1A
SR 39
TQ 39  25 40
RQ
= = 1A
62.4 39
PQ PT TQ
∴ SQ = = RQ 1M
SR
∴ △PQT ~ △SQR 3 sides proportional 1A
(b) ∵ △PQT ~ △SQR proved in (a)

∴ PTQ = SRQ corr. s, ~ △s 1M
∵ SQR = SRQ given
∴ PTQ = SQR 1M
∴ TP // RQ alt. s equal 1A
<end>

<code=10144173>
S
V Y
P Q
U X
In the figure, PVR, PUXQ and QYRS are straight lines. UV // XY and PU = UV. It is given that
SRV = 3PVU. Prove that XY = YQ.
(8 marks)
Solution:
In △PQR,
∵ PU = UV given
∴ VPU = PVU base s, isos. △ 1M
SRV = XQY + VPU ext.  of △ 1M
XQY = SRV – VPU
= 3PVU – PVU given 1M
= 2PVU 1A
In △PUV,
VUX = VPU + PVU ext.  of △
= PVU + PVU
= 2PVU 1A
YXQ = VUX corr. s, UV // XY 1M
= 2PVU
∴ YXQ = XQY 1M
∴ XY = YQ sides opp. eq. s 1A
<end>

<code=10144278>
P
Q S
R
In the figure, PTQ, QRS, PUR and TUS are straight lines. It is given that PT = TU and QT = TS.
Prove that PR  QS.
(9 marks)
Solution:
In △QTS,
∵ QT = TS given
∴ PQR = USR base s, isos. △ 1M
In △PTU,
∵ PT = TU given
∴ QPR = PUT base s, isos. △
SUR = PUT vert. opp. s 1M
∴ QPR = SUR 1M
In △PQR and △USR,
PRQ = 180 – PQR – QPR  sum of △ 1M
URS = 180 – USR – SUR  sum of △
= 180 – PQR – QPR
∴ PRQ = URS 1A
PRQ + URS = 180 adj. s on st. line 1M
PRQ + PRQ = 180 1M
2PRQ = 180
PRQ = 90 1A
∴ PR  QS 1A
<end>

<code=10144281>
<bk=3A><ch=6><ex=6C><type=L2><mark=7><title=10144281><content>
Q
P
S R
In the figure, PR and SQ intersect at N. PN = NQ, PQ = QR and NR = SN.
(a) Prove that QPN = SRN.
(b) Prove that RN is an angle bisector of △QRS.
(7 marks)
Solution:
(a) In △PNQ and △RNS,
PN = QN and NR = SN given
PN QN
∴ = 1M
NR SN
PNQ = RNS vert. opp. s 1M
∴ △PNQ ~ △RNS ratio of 2 sides, inc.  1M
∴ QPN = SRN corr. s, ~ △s 1A
(b) ∵ PQ = QR given
∴ QPN = QRN base s, isos. △ 1M
∵ QPN = SRN proved in (a)
∴ QRN = SRN 1M
∴ RN is an angle bisector of △QRS. 1A
<end>
<code=10144328>
Q R
T
In the figure, PSR and QTR are straight lines. PTQ = RTS, QPT = SRT and PQ = RS.
(a) Prove that △PQT  △RST.
(b) If PS = PQ, prove that ST is a perpendicular bisector of △PQR.
(8 marks)
Solution:
(a) In △PQT and △RST,
PTQ = RTS given 1M
QPT = SRT given 1M
PQ = RS given 1M
∴ △PQT  △RST AAS 1A
(b) ∵ △PQT  △RST proved in (a)

∴ PT = RT corr. sides,  △s 1M
∵ PS = PQ and PQ = RS given
∴ PS = RS 1M
∵ PT = TR and PS = RS
∴ ST  PR property of isos. △ 1M
∴ ST is a perpendicular bisector of △PQR. 1A
<end>
<code=10144329>
Q
P
T S
R
In the figure, PNTR and QNS are straight lines. PQR = PSQ = QTP = 90 and SP = TQ.
(a) Prove that PQS = QPT.
(b) Prove that QN is a median of △PQR.
(11 marks)
Solution:
(a) In △QSP and △PTQ,
SP = TQ given 1M
PSQ = QTP = 90 given 1M
QP = PQ common side 1M
∴ △QSP  △PTQ RHS 1M
∴ PQS = QPT corr. s,  △s 1A
(b) ∵ PQS = QPT proved in (a) 1M

∴ NQ = NP sides opp. eq. s 1M

In △PQR,
PRQ = 180 – PQR – QPT  sum of △ 1M
= 180 – 90 – QPT
= 90 – QPT
SQR = 90 – PQS
= 90 – QPT
∴ PRQ = SQR 1M
∴ NQ = NR sides opp. eq. s
∴ NP = NR 1M
∴ QN is a median of △PQR. 1A
<end>
<code=10144387>
N
P
In the figure, PQ = PR and PQN = PRN.

(a) Prove that NQR = NRQ.
(b) Prove that PN is an angle bisector of △QPR.
(7 marks)
Solution:
(a) PQN = PRN given
∵ PQ = PR given
∴ PQR = PRQ base s, isos. △ 1M
NQR = PQR – PQN 1M
NRQ = PRQ – PRN
= PQR – PQN
∴ NQR = NRQ 1A
(b) In △QPN and △RPN,

∵ NQR = NRQ proved in (a)
∴ NQ = NR sides opp. eq. s 1M
PQ = PR given
given

PQN = PRN SAS 1M
∴ △QPN  △RPN corr. s,  △s 1M
∴ QPN = RPN 1A
i.e. PN is an angle bisector of △QPR.
<end>
<code=10144408>
B
C
A
D
In the figure, AB // DC. AC and BD intersect at N. It is known that BN is an angle bisector of
△ABC and CN is a median of △BCD. Prove that CN is a perpendicular bisector of △BCD.
(7 marks)
Solution:
∵ BN is an angle bisector of △ABC. given
∴ ABN = CBN 1A
ABN = CDN alt. s, AB // DC 1M
∴ CDN = CBN 1M
∴ CD = CB sides opp. eq. s 1M
∵ CN is a median of △BCD. given
∴ BN = DN 1A
∴ CN  BD property of isos. △ 1M
∴ CN is a perpendicular bisector of △BCD. 1A
<end>

<code=10144493>
P
9.6
Q N
12
15
R
In the figure, PMQ and PNR are straight lines. QM = 9.6, QN = 12 and QR = 15. It is given that
QN is the angle bisector of PQR.
(a) Prove that △QMN ~ △QNR.
(b) If QP = QR, prove that MN is an altitude of △PQN.
(9 marks)
Solution:
(a) In △QMN and △QNR,
∵ QN is the angle bisector of PQR. given
∴ MQN = NQR 1A
QM 9 .6 4
= = 1A
QN 12 5
QN 12 4
= = 1A
QR 15 5
QM QN
∴ = 1M
QN QR
∴ △QMN ~ △QNR ratio of 2 sides, inc.  1A
(b) QP = QR given 1M
∵ MQN = NQR proved in (a)
∴ QNR = 90 property of isos. △ 1M
∵ △QMN ~ △QNR proved in (a)
∴ QMN = QNR = 90 corr. s, ~ △s 1M
∴ MN is an altitude of △PQN. 1A
<end>

✂ <code=10144563>
<bk=3A><ch=6><ex=6D><type=L2><mark=8><title=✂ 10144563><content>
Isaac wants to surround an isosceles triangular park by fencing of 64 m long, where the length of
one side of the park must be 14 m. Isaac claims that the longest side of the park is the base of the
triangle. Do you agree? Explain your answer.
(8 marks)
Solution:
If the side of length 14 m is one of the equal sides,
length of the base
= (64 − 14 − 14) m = 36 m 1M+1A
∵ (14 + 14) m = 28 m < 36 m 1M
∴ A triangle of lengths 14 m, 14 m and 36 m cannot be formed. 1A
∴ The base must be 14 m long. 1A
If the base of the triangle is 14 m,
length of each of the equal sides
64  14
= m
2
= 25 m 1A
∵ 14 < 25 1M
∴ The longest side of the park is not the base of the triangle.
∴ The claim is disagreed. 1A
<end>
✂ <code=10144579>
A
B C
N
In the figure, N is a point on BC. Prove that 2AN > AB + AC – BC.
(4 marks)
Solution:
In △ABN and △ACN, according to triangle inequality,
BN + AN > AB and AN + CN > AC 1M+1A
∴ BN + AN + AN + CN > AB + AC 1M
2AN + BC > AB + AC
2AN > AB + AC − BC 1A
<end>

✂ <code=10144599>
A
B C
(a) Using only compasses and a straight edge without markings, construct the three altitudes AX,
BY and CZ of △ABC.
(b) Identitfy whether the point of intersection of the three altitudes AX, BY and CZ is the in-centre,
circumcentre, centroid or orthocentre of △ABC.
(6 marks)
Solution:
(a) 1M+1M+3A
Z
Y
X
B C
(b) The point of intersection is the orthocentre. 1A

<end>
✂ <code=10144678>
A
B C

(a) Using only compasses and a straight edge without markings, construct the three perpendicular
bisectors of each side of △ABC.
(b) Does the centre of the circumcircle of △ABC lie inside, outside or on a side of the triangle?
(6 marks)
Solution:
(a)
1M+1M+3A
B C
(b) The centre of the circumcircle lie outside of the triangle. 1A

<end>
✂ <code=10144695>
P
Z
Y
15
Q R
X
In the figure, two altitudes QY and PX of △PQR intersect at N. RN is extended to meet PQ at Z. It

is given that PQY = 15. Find PRN.
(5 marks)
Solution:
In △PQY,
QPY + 15 = 90 (ext.  of △) 1M
QPY = 75 1A
∵ N is the point of intersection of altitudes QY and PX.
∴ N is the orthocentre and hence RZ is also an altitude. 1M
i.e. RZP = 90 1A
In △PZR,
PRZ = 180 − RZP − QPY ( sum of △)
= 180 − 90 − 75
= 15 1A
<end>

✂ <code=10144860>
A
X
O
B C
Y
In the figure, O is the in-centre of △ABC. X and Y are points on AB and BC respectively such that
OX  AB and OY  BC. Prove that OX = OY.
(6 marks)
Solution:
A
X
O
B C
Y
Join OB. 1M
∵ O is the in-centre of △ABC. given
∴ OB is the angle bisector of XBY. 1A
i.e. OBX = OBY
OXB = OYB = 90 given 1M
OB = OB common side 1M
∴ △OBX  △OBY AAS 1M
∴ OX = OY corr. sides,  △s 1A
<end>
<code=10144924>
In the figure, ABC, CDEG and AFE are straight lines. BF // CG, AF = FE and BF = DE.
(a) Prove that △ABF  △FDE.
(b) If FDC = 114, FEG = 123 and DE = 6 cm, find AB.
(11 marks)
Solution:
(a) In △ABF and △FDE,
BF = DE given 1M
AF = FE given 1M
AFB = FED corr. s, BF // CG 1M
∴ △ABF  △FDE SAS 1A
(b) DEF + FEG = 180 (adj. s on st. line) 1M

DEF + 123 = 180
DEF = 57 1A
In △DEF,
DFE + DEF = FDC (ext.  of △) 1M
DFE + 57 = 114
DFE = 57 1A
∴ DFE = DEF
∴ FD = DE (sides opp. eq. s) 1M
= 6 cm
∵ △ABF  △FDE (proved in (a))
∴ AB = FD (corr. sides,  △s) 1M
= 6 cm 1A
<end>
<code=10144936>
45
45
In the figure, P and R are points on a circle with centre O. POQ = ROQ = 45 and
PQR = 60.
(a) Prove that △OPQ  △ORQ.
(b) Find OPQ.

(7 marks)
Solution:
(a) In △OPQ and △ORQ,
OP = OR radii 1M
POQ = ROQ = 45 given 1M
OQ = OQ common side 1M
∴ △OPQ  △ORQ SAS 1A
(b) ∵ △OPQ  △ORQ (proved in (a))

∴ OPQ = ORQ (corr. s,  △s) 1M
In quadrilateral OPQR,
OPQ + ORQ + POR + PQR = (4 – 2)  180 ( sum of polygon) 1M
OPQ + OPQ + (45 + 45) + 60 = 360
2OPQ = 210
OPQ = 105 1A
<end>
<code=10144999>
In the figure, ABC = ADE, BAD = CAE, AB = 5 cm, AD = 10 cm, AE = 6 cm and

DE = 8 cm.
(a) Prove that △ABC ~ △ADE.
(b) Find the area of △ABC.
(11 marks)
Solution:
(a) In △ABC and △ADE,
ABC = ADE given 1M
BAC = BAD + DAC
DAE = CAE + DAC
∵ BAD = CAE given
∴ BAC = DAE 1M
ACB = 180 – BAC – ABC  sum of △
AED = 180 – DAE – ADE  sum of △
= 180 – BAC – ABC
∴ ACB = AED 1M

∴ △ABC ~ △ADE AAA 1A
(b) ∵ △ABC ~ △ADE (proved in (a))

AB BC
∴ = (corr. sides, ~ △s) 1M
AD DE
5 cm BC
=
10 cm 8 cm
BC = 4 cm 1A
AB AC
= (corr. sides, ~ △s) 1M
AD AE
5 cm AC
=
10 cm 6 cm
AC = 3 cm 1A
In △ABC,
AC2 + BC2 = (32 + 42) cm2 = 25 cm2
AB2 = 52 cm2 = 25 cm2
∴ AC2 + BC2 = AB2 1M
∴ ACB = 90 (converse of Pyth. theorem) 1A
∴ Area of △ABC
1
=  AC  BC
2
1
=  3  4 cm2
2
= 6 cm2 1A
<end>
<code=10145007>
3 cm
3 cm
In the figure, RST, QVU, PQR, PVS and PUT are straight lines. RT // QU, PQ = 3 cm, QR = 4.5
cm, UT = 6 cm and VU = 3 cm.
(a) Prove that △PQU ~ △PRT.
(b) Find ST.

(10 marks)
Solution:
(a) In △PQU and △PRT,
∠QPU =∠RPT common angle 1M
∠PQU =∠PRT corr. s, RT // QU 1M
∠PUQ =∠PTR corr. s, RT // QU 1M
∴ △PQU ~ △PRT AAA 1A
(b) ∵ △PQU ~ △PRT (proved in (a))

PU PQ
PT PR
PU 3 cm
=
6 cm  PU (3  4.5) cm
7.5PU = 18 cm + 3PU
4.5PU = 18 cm
PU = 4 cm 1A
In △PVU and △PST,
VPU = SPT (common angle)
PVU = PST (corr. s, RT // QU)
PUV = PTS (corr. s, RT // QU)
∴ △PVU ~ △PST (AAA) 1M+1A
ST PT
VU PU
ST ( 4  6) cm
=
3 cm 4 cm
ST = 7.5 cm 1A
<end>
<code=10145008>
80
58
In the figure, ABCD and GFE are straight lines. ABF = 122, BCF = 58, CEF = 80,
GBF = 42 and AD // GE. Prove that △BFG  △CFE.

(11 marks)
Solution:
In △BFG and △CFE,
ABF + CBF = 180 adj. s on st. line 1M
122 + CBF = 180
CBF = 58 1A
∵ CBF = BCF = 58 1M
∴ BF = CF sides opp. eq. s 1M
(BCF + ECF) + FEC = 180 int. s, AD // GE 1M
58 + ECF + 80 = 180
ECF = 42 1A
∴ GBF = ECF = 42 1A
EFC = BCF = 58 alt. s, AD // GE 1M
GFB = CBF = 58 alt. s, AD // GE 1M
∴ EFC = GFB 1M
∴ △BFG  △CFE ASA 1A
<end>
<code=10145047>
18
18
50
In the figure, PQR, UTWR, STVP, UVQ and SWQ are straight lines. It is given that TP = TR,
UQ = SQ, QUR = QSP = 18 and TPR = 50.
(a) Prove that △VPQ  △WRQ.
(b) Find PVQ.
(13 marks)
Solution:
(a) In △SQP and △UQR,
QSP = QUR = 18 given 1M
∵ TP = TR given
∴ TPR = TRP = 50 base s, isos. △ 1M
SQ = UQ given 1M
∴ △SQP  △UQR AAS 1M
∴ PQ = RQ and corr. sides,  △s 1M

SQP = UQR corr. s,  △s 1M
VQP = 180 – UQR adj. s on st. line 1M
WQR = 180 – SQP adj. s on st. line
= 180 – UQR
∴ VQP = WQR 1M
VPQ = WRQ = 50 proved
∴ △VPQ  △WRQ ASA 1A
(b) In △UQR,
QUR + URQ + UQR = 180 ( sum of △) 1M
18 + 50 + UQR = 180
UQR = 112 1A
In △PVQ,
PVQ + VPQ = UQR (ext.  of △) 1M
PVQ + 50 = 112
PVQ = 62 1A
<end>
<code=10145094>
In the figure, S is a point on PQ. PS = SR = QR and PRS = SRQ = a. Prove that PQ = PR.
(6 marks)
Solution:
In △PSR,
∵ PS = SR given
∴ SPR = PRS = a base s, isos. △ 1M
RSQ = SPR + PRS ext.  of △ 1M
=a+a
= 2a 1A
In △QRS,
∵ SR = QR given
∴ RQS = RSQ = 2a base s, isos. △ 1M
PRQ = a + a = 2a
∴ RQS = PRQ = 2a 1M

∴ PQ = PR sides opp. eq. s 1A
<end>

<code=10145166>
In the figure, PQR is a straight line. PT = PQ, QR = RS and TQ  QS. Prove that PT // RS.
(10 marks)
Solution:
With the notations in the figure,

in △PQT,
∵ PT = PQ given
∴ PTQ = a base s, isos. △ 1M
TPQ + PTQ + a = 180  sum of △ 1M
TPQ + a + a = 180
TPQ = 180 – 2a 1A
In △QRS,
∵ QR = RS given
∴ ∠RSQ = b base s, isos. △ 1M
QRS + RSQ + b = 180  sum of △ 1M
QRS + b + b = 180
QRS = 180 – 2b 1A
a + b + 90 = 180 adj. s on st. line 1M
a + b = 90 1A
∴ TPQ + QRS = (180 – 2a) + (180 – 2b)
= 360 – 2(a + b)
= 360 – 2(90)
= 180 1A
∴ PT // RS int. s supp. 1A
<end>

<code=10145192>
In the figure, PQR and PUT are straight lines. QU // RT, PRT = 90, URT = a and UR = UT.
Prove that QU is the angle bisector of PUR and is also the perpendicular bisector of PR.
(13 marks)
Solution:
In △URT,
∵ UR = UT given
∴ URT = UTR = a base s, isos. △ 1M
PUQ = UTR = a corr. s, QU // RT 1M
RUQ = URT = a alt. s, QU // RT 1M
∴ PUQ = RUQ 1M
i.e. QU is the angle bisector of PUR. 1A
In △PQU and △RQU,
PQU = PRT = 90 corr. s, QU // RT 1M
UQR = 180 – PQU adj. s on st. line 1M
= 180 – 90
= 90
∴ PQU = UQR = 90 1M
PUQ = RUQ = a proved 1M
QU = QU common side 1M
∴ △PQU  △RQU ASA 1M
∴ PQ = RQ corr. sides,  △s 1M
∴ QU is the perpendicular bisector of PR. 1A
<end>

✂ <code=10145229>
Using only compasses and a straight edge without markings, locate the in-centre O of △PQR.
(5 marks)
Solution:
1M+1M+3A
<end>

Level 2: New Century Mathematics (Second Edition) S3 Question Bank 3A Chapter 6 More On Deductive Geometry

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Level 2: New Century Mathematics (Second Edition) S3 Question Bank 3A Chapter 6 More On Deductive Geometry

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New Century Mathematics (Second Edition)

(b) ∵ △ABE  △CBD (proved in (a))

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2017 3A Chapter 6 Level 2 P.30

(b) In △ABN and △CBN,

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2017 3A Chapter 6 Level 2 P.31

(b) In △ABC and △DCB,

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2017 3A Chapter 6 Level 2 P.32

(b) In △ABP and △CBQ,

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2017 3A Chapter 6 Level 2 P.33

In the figure, AC and BD intersect at N. It is given that AN = CN and AB // DC.

(b) In △BNC and △DNA,

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2017 3A Chapter 6 Level 2 P.34

Refer to the figure.

(b) ∵ △QRS ~ △PSQ proved in (a)

In the figure, N is a point on QR such that RPN = RQP.

(b) ∵ △PQR ~ △NPR proved in (a)

(b) ∵ △AFB ~ △CFD proved in (a)

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2017 3A Chapter 6 Level 2 P.36

(b) In △QRS and △RST,

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2017 3A Chapter 6 Level 2 P.37

(ii) ∵ △PXY ~ △PQR (proved in (a))

(b) In △RYZ and △RPS,

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2017 3A Chapter 6 Level 2 P.38

(b) ∵ △ABC ~ △DEC (proved in (a))

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2017 3A Chapter 6 Level 2 P.39

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2017 3A Chapter 6 Level 2 P.40

(b) In △AFB and △DFN,

In the figure, D is a point on AC. AD = BD and AB = AC. BAD = x.

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2017 3A Chapter 6 Level 2 P.41

(b) SRT = 180 – QRP – PRT adj. s on st. line 1M

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2017 3A Chapter 6 Level 2 P.42

(b) ∵ △PQT ~ △SQR proved in (a)

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2017 3A Chapter 6 Level 2 P.43

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2017 3A Chapter 6 Level 2 P.44

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2017 3A Chapter 6 Level 2 P.45

(b) ∵ △PQT  △RST proved in (a)

(b) ∵ PQS = QPT proved in (a) 1M

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2017 3A Chapter 6 Level 2 P.47

In the figure, PQ = PR and PQN = PRN.

(b) In △QPN and △RPN,

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2017 3A Chapter 6 Level 2 P.48

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2017 3A Chapter 6 Level 2 P.49

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2017 3A Chapter 6 Level 2 P.50

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2017 3A Chapter 6 Level 2 P.51

(b) The point of intersection is the orthocentre. 1A

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2017 3A Chapter 6 Level 2 P.52

(b) The centre of the circumcircle lie outside of the triangle. 1A

In the figure, two altitudes QY and PX of △PQR intersect at N. RN is extended to meet PQ at Z. It

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2017 3A Chapter 6 Level 2 P.54

(b) DEF + FEG = 180 (adj. s on st. line) 1M

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2017 3A Chapter 6 Level 2 P.56

(b) ∵ △OPQ  △ORQ (proved in (a))

In the figure, ABC = ADE, BAD = CAE, AB = 5 cm, AD = 10 cm, AE = 6 cm and

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2017 3A Chapter 6 Level 2 P.57

(b) ∵ △ABC ~ △ADE (proved in (a))

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2017 3A Chapter 6 Level 2 P.58

(b) ∵ △PQU ~ △PRT (proved in (a))

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2017 3A Chapter 6 Level 2 P.59

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2017 3A Chapter 6 Level 2 P.60

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2017 3A Chapter 6 Level 2 P.61

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2017 3A Chapter 6 Level 2 P.62

With the notations in the figure,

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2017 3A Chapter 6 Level 2 P.63