I E A S T A T I S T I C S

I N T E R N AT I O N A L E N E R G Y A G E N C Y

COAL
INFORMATION

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 COAL
INFORMATION

2007
with 2006 data
 INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

The International Energy Agency (IEA) is an autonomous body which was established in
November 1974 within the framework of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and
Development (OECD) to implement an international energy programme.
It carries out a comprehensive programme of energy co-operation among twenty-six of
the OECD thirty member countries. The basic aims of the IEA are:
n To maintain and improve systems for coping with oil supply disruptions.
n To promote rational energy policies in a global context through co-operative relations
with non-member countries, industry and international organisations.
n To operate a permanent information system on the international oil market.
n To improve the world’s energy supply and demand structure by developing alternative
energy sources and increasing the efficiency of energy use.
n To assist in the integration of environmental and energy policies.
The IEA member countries are: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea,
Luxembourg, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey, United Kingdom and United States. The Slovak Republic and Poland are likely to
become member countries in 2007/2008. The European Commission also participates in
the work of the IEA.

ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT

The OECD is a unique forum where the governments of thirty democracies work together
to address the economic, social and environmental challenges of globalisation. The OECD
is also at the forefront of efforts to understand and to help governments respond to new
developments and concerns, such as corporate governance, the information economy
and the challenges of an ageing population. The Organisation provides a setting where
governments can compare policy experiences, seek answers to common problems, identify
good practice and work to co-ordinate domestic and international policies.
The OECD member countries are: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Republic
of Korea, Luxembourg, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak
Republic, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom and United States.
The European Commission takes part in the work of the OECD.

© OECD/IEA, 2007
International Energy Agency (IEA),
Head of Communication and Information Office,
9 rue de la Fédération, 75739 Paris Cedex 15, France.

Please note that this publication is subject

to specific restrictions that limit its use and distribution.
The terms and conditions are available online at
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 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) - i

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................. v

PRINCIPLES AND DEFINITIONS

1. General Notes ...................................................................................................................................................... ix
2. Sources................................................................................................................................................................. xi
3. Units and Conversions.......................................................................................................................................xiii
4. Notes on Energy Sources and Flows .................................................................................................................. xv
5. Price Data .......................................................................................................................................................... xix
6. Quarterly Energy Statistics ................................................................................................................................ xxi
7. Geographical Coverage ...................................................................................................................................xxiii
8. Country Notes................................................................................................................................................... xxv
9. Conversion Factors and Calorific Values ........................................................................................................ xxxi

PART I: WORLD COAL MARKET REVIEW

1. Overview.............................................................................................................................................................I.3
2. Production...........................................................................................................................................................I.5
3. Consumption.....................................................................................................................................................I.11
4. Trade.................................................................................................................................................................I.17
5. Prices ................................................................................................................................................................I.23
6. CO2 Emissions (2004) ......................................................................................................................................I.29
7. Coal-To-Liquids: An Alternative Oil Supply?..................................................................................................I.31

PART II: WORLD COAL OVERVIEW

1. Production
Table 1.1: World Hard Coal Production ........................................................................................................... II.5
Table 1.2: World Coking Coal Production ........................................................................................................ II.7
Table 1.3: World Steam Coal Production.......................................................................................................... II.8
Table 1.4: World Brown Coal Production ....................................................................................................... II.10
Table 1.5: OECD Production of Coke Oven Coke.......................................................................................... II.11
2. Consumption
Table 2.1: World Hard Coal Consumption...................................................................................................... II.15
Table 2.2: World Coking Coal Consumption .................................................................................................. II.18
Table 2.3: World Steam Coal Consumption .................................................................................................... II.20
Table 2.4: World Brown Coal Consumption ................................................................................................... II.23
Table 2.5: OECD Consumption of Coke Oven Coke...................................................................................... II.25
3. Trade
Table 3.1: World and Seaborne Coal Trade .................................................................................................... II.29
Table 3.2: World Total Hard Coal Trade......................................................................................................... II.29
Table 3.3: World Steam Coal Trade ................................................................................................................ II.30
Table 3.4: World Coking Coal Trade .............................................................................................................. II.30

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

ii - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition)

Table 3.5: World Hard Coal Imports - Regional Aggregates .......................................................................... II.31
Table 3.6: World Brown Coal Imports - Regional Aggregates ....................................................................... II.31
Table 3.7: World Hard Coal Imports - Selected Countries.............................................................................. II.32
Table 3.8: World Brown Coal Imports - Selected Countries........................................................................... II.32
Table 3.9: World Coking Coal Imports - Regional Aggregates ...................................................................... II.33
Table 3.10: World Steam Coal Imports - Regional Aggregates ........................................................................ II.33
Table 3.11: World Coking Coal Imports - Selected Countries .......................................................................... II.34
Table 3.12: World Steam Coal Imports - Selected Countries............................................................................ II.34
Table 3.13: OECD Coke Oven Coke Imports .................................................................................................. II.35
Table 3.14: World Hard Coal Exports - Regional Aggregates ......................................................................... II.36
Table 3.15: World Brown Coal Exports - Regional Aggregates ....................................................................... II.36
Table 3.16: World Hard Coal Exports - Selected Countries.............................................................................. II.37
Table 3.17: World Brown Coal Exports - Selected Countries........................................................................... II.37
Table 3.18: World Coking Coal Exports - Regional Aggregates ...................................................................... II.38
Table 3.19: World Steam Coal Exports - Regional Aggregates ........................................................................ II.38
Table 3.20: World Coking Coal Exports - Selected Countries.......................................................................... II.39
Table 3.21: World Steam Coal Exports - Selected Countries............................................................................ II.39
Table 3.22: OECD Coke Oven Coke Exports .................................................................................................. II.40
4. Prices
Table 4.1: Japan Coking Coal Import Costs .................................................................................................... II.43
Table 4.2: EU Coking Coal Import Costs from Selected Countries ................................................................ II.43
Table 4.3: Japan Steam Coal Import Costs ..................................................................................................... II.44
Table 4.4: EU Steam Coal Import Costs from Selected Countries .................................................................. II.44
Table 4.5: Steam Coal Export Costs................................................................................................................ II.45
Table 4.6: Coking Coal Export Costs .............................................................................................................. II.45
Table 4.7: Coking Coal Prices for Industry ..................................................................................................... II.46
Table 4.8: Steam Coal Prices for Industry ....................................................................................................... II.47
Table 4.9: Steam Coal Prices for Electricity Generation ................................................................................. II.48

5. Coal for Other Uses

Table 5.1: OECD Coal-Fired and Total Electricity Generating Capacity........................................................ II.51
Table 5.2: OECD Coal Use for Electricity Production and Heat Sold ............................................................ II.52
Table 5.3: OECD Coal Use in Coke Ovens..................................................................................................... II.53
Table 5.4: World Consumption of Pulverised Coal Injection (PCI) Coals...................................................... II.53

6. Charts
Chart 1: World Steam and Coking Coal Production .................................................................................... II.57
Chart 2: World Steam and Coking Coal Trade............................................................................................. II.57
Chart 3: Coking Coal Price CIF Japan and CIF EU Member States (US$/t) ............................................... II.58
Chart 4: Steam Coal Price CIF Japan and CIF EU Member States (US$/t) ................................................. II.58
Chart 5: Steam Coal Price US FOB vs. US Domestic (US$/t)..................................................................... II.59
Chart 6: Steam Coal Price CIF EU Member States (US$/t) and US Exports (mt)....................................... II.59
Chart 7: OECD Total Primary Energy Supply ............................................................................................. II.60
Chart 8: OECD Coal Consumption and Indicators ...................................................................................... II.60
Chart 9: Japan Steam Coal Supply, Imports, GDP Annual Growth Rates ................................................... II.61
Chart 10: EU Member States Steam Coal Supply, Imports, GDP Annual Growth Rates.............................. II.61
Chart 11: Hard Coal Production by Region.................................................................................................... II.62
Chart 12: Hard Coal Consumption by Region................................................................................................ II.62
Chart 13: Hard Coal Imports by Region......................................................................................................... II.63
Chart 14: Hard Coal Exports by Region......................................................................................................... II.63

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


PART III: DETAILED OECD COAL DATA
Directory of Part III Charts and Tables ...........III.3
Special Notes for Charts and Tables ................III.5
OECD Total ...........................................................III.7
OECD North America..........................................III.17
OECD/IEA Pacific...............................................III.26
OECD Europe ......................................................III.35
IEA Total..............................................................III.45
IEA North America ..............................................III.54
IEA Europe ..........................................................III.63
Australia ...............................................................III.72
Austria..................................................................III.81
Belgium................................................................III.89
Canada..................................................................III.98
Czech Republic ..................................................III.107
Denmark.............................................................III.116
Finland ...............................................................III.125
France.................................................................III.133
Germany.............................................................III.142
Greece ................................................................III.152
Hungary..............................................................III.160
Iceland................................................................III.167
Ireland ................................................................III.174
Italy ....................................................................III.182
Japan ..................................................................III.190
Korea..................................................................III.198
Luxembourg .......................................................III.206
Mexico ...............................................................III.213
Netherlands ........................................................III.220
New Zealand ......................................................III.230
Norway...............................................................III.237
COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) - iii
Poland................................................................ III.245
Portugal ............................................................. III.254
Slovak Republic................................................. III.262
Spain.................................................................. III.269
Sweden .............................................................. III.277
Switzerland ........................................................ III.285
Turkey................................................................ III.292
United Kingdom ................................................ III.299
United States...................................................... III.308
PART IV: NON-OECD COAL DATA
General Notes.......................................................IV.3
World Coal Supply and End-Use Statistics
1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2003 to 2005........IV.5
National Coal Balances and Trade Statistics:
Brazil ...................................................................IV.13
Bulgaria ...............................................................IV.15
People’s Republic of China .................................IV.17
Chinese Taipei.....................................................IV.21
Colombia .............................................................IV.23
Hong Kong, China...............................................IV.26
India.....................................................................IV.28
Indonesia..............................................................IV.30
Israel ....................................................................IV.33
Kazakhstan ..........................................................IV.35
Romania...............................................................IV.39
Russia ..................................................................IV.41
South Africa ........................................................IV.44
Ukraine ................................................................IV.47
Venezuela ............................................................IV.51
Vietnam ...............................................................IV.53
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
iv - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition)

Units and Technical Abbreviations

t : metric ton = tonne = 1000 kg

kt : thousand tonnes
Mt : million tonnes
toe : tonne of oil equivalent
Mtoe : million tonnes of oil equivalent
tce : tonne of coal equivalent (= 0.7 toe)
Mtce : million tonnes of coal equivalent
kcal : kilocalories (103 calories)
MBtu : million British thermal units
$ : US dollars (unless otherwise specified)
CIF : cost, insurance and freight
FAS : free alongside ship
FOB : free on board
GDP : Gross Domestic Product
GCV : gross calorific value
PCI : coals for pulverised injection
TPES : Total Primary Energy Supply
EU : European Union
FSU : Former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics/Soviet Union
UN : United Nations
0 or 0.0 : negligible
c : confidential
e : estimated
.. : not available
- : nil
x : not applicable

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


INTRODUCTION
IEA Coal Information 2007 is the latest edition of an
annual publication intended to provide sound market
information on coal to policy and market analysts, and
those employed in all sectors of the coal industry.
This monitoring and reporting of historical trends and
current energy market situation provides a strong
foundation for policy and market analysis, to better
inform the policy decision process toward selecting
policy instruments that are best suited to meet domes-
tic and/or international objectives.
IEA Coal Information 2007 brings together in one
volume the basic statistics compiled by the IEA on
coal supply, consumption, trade and prices. It also
includes information on coal by-products.
The chapter Principles and Definitions provides im-
portant documentation that will assist the reader in
correctly using the data in this publication, and to un-
derstand the details of statistical methodology and
collection practices related to the coal data.
This information is structured as follows:
1. General Notes
2. Sources
3. Units and Conversions
4. Notes on Energy Sources and Flows
5. Price Data
6. Quarterly Energy Statistics
7. Geographical Coverage
8. Country Notes
9. Conversion Factors and Calorific Values
Part I of the publication provides a review of world
coal market developments in 2006. It covers world
coal production and coal reserves, coal consumption
by type (hard, steam, coking), hard coal trade and
hard coal prices.
COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) - v
This edition of the Coal Information will also ac-
quaint the reader with an industry perspective on the
potential of coal-to-liquids technologies.
Part II provides the reference tables to Part I review
on coal production, consumption, trade and prices.
Part III provides, in tabular and graphic form, a more
detailed and comprehensive statistical picture of coal
developments in the 30 OECD Member countries, by
region and individually. In addition, calorific values
used for preparing national energy balances, and ex-
change rates used for the reporting of prices in US
dollars are presented.
Part IV provides for selected non-OECD countries
summary statistics on hard coal supply and end-use
statistics for about 40 countries and regions world-
wide. Complete coal balances and coal trade data for
selected years are presented on sixteen major non-
OECD coal producing and consuming countries.
OECD data are taken from IEA/OECD databases of
Energy Statistics that are based on annual and quar-
terly submissions from OECD Member countries to
the Secretariat. The Energy Statistics Division of the
IEA Secretariat works closely with national admini-
stration to secure consistency in time series and with
IEA product definitions and reporting conventions.
This effort is supplemented by surveys of energy in-
dustry publications, national statistics reports and
other material. The finalized data provide the basis for
IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries and
Energy Statistics of OECD Countries.
The non-OECD data are based upon information col-
lected by the IEA Secretariat, official national submis-
sions to the United Nations in Geneva and New York,
national energy publications. The resulting synthesis
is published in Energy Balances of Non-OECD Coun-
tries and Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries.
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
vi - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition)
Users of this publication are directed to the Methodology
Section of those publications for more detail on individ-
ual non-Member countries covered in the publication.
Price data in Part I, II and III are derived from the
quarterly publication Energy Prices and Taxes. Read-
ers should consult this IEA/OECD publication for
detailed information on methodology, data coverage
and data sources.
All of Part III tables and selected tables from Part II
and IV are available on CD-ROM. Information on
ordering CD-ROM and other energy statistics publica-
tions is available at the end of this book, and on the
IEA website at http://www.iea.org.
In addition, a data service is available on the internet,
which provides unlimited access through an annual
subscription as well as the possibility to obtain data on
a pay-per-view basis. Details are available at
http://data.iea.org.
Further information on reporting methodologies is
also available on the IEA Web site.
Annual energy data are collected by the Energy Statis-
tics Division (ESD) of the IEA Secretariat, headed
by Mr. Jean-Yves Garnier. OECD coal statistics in
ESD were the responsibility of Mr. Paul Tepes.
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
Ms. Zuzana Dobrotkova contributed to Part I, Part II
and Part IV. Mr. Michel Francoeur had overall re-
sponsibility for this publication.
Also in the IEA Secretariat, thanks are due to the non-
OECD Member countries section headed by Mr. Ric-
cardo Quercioli, and to the OECD Balances section
headed by Ms. Karen Tréanton.
The Secretariat would also like to thank the Coal In-
dustry Advisory Board for their featured article in
Part I.
Editorial and secretarial support from Ms. Sharon
Burghgraeve and Ms. Susan Stolarow is also grate-
fully acknowledged.
Enquiries, comments and suggestions are welcome
and should be addressed to:
Michel Francoeur or Paul Tepes
Energy Statistics Division,
International Energy Agency
9, rue de la Fédération
75739 Paris Cedex 15, France
Telephone: (33) (1) 40 57 66 31 or 40 57 65 41
Telefax: (33) (1) 40 57 66 49
E-mail: coalaq@iea.org
 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) - vii

PRINCIPLES AND
DEFINITIONS

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


1. GENERAL NOTES
Energy data for OECD countries in IEA Secretariat
databases begin in 1960 with the following exceptions
for coal: for Hungary data begin in 1965, and for the
Czech Republic, Korea, Mexico and the Slovak Re-
public data are available from 1971.
Prior to 1970, German statistics refer to the former
Federal Republic of Germany. Data from 1970 in-
clude the new federal states of Germany.
The fuels listed as Solar, Wind, Tide include Wave
and Ocean, unless otherwise noted.
Qualifiers
Data marked as ‘e’ are the estimates of the IEA secre-
tariat. Data point marked as ‘c’ means that data are
confidential due to country specific regulations. Data
point marked as ‘..’ mean that data are not available
(either not collected or not submitted by national gov-
ernment). Data point marked as ‘x’ means that this
data point is not applicable, there is no meaningful
explanation of a value there (for example we can not
COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) - ix
show unit price if there was no trade or if the con-
sumption in the country is forbidden).
Revisions to Blast Furnace
Coke and PCI Data
Data on coke used and pulverised coal injected in the
blast furnace (PCI) are harmonized for all OECD
countries in order to ensure that steam and coking coal
consumption data are consistently presented and that
comparisons between countries for consumption are
meaningful. The main effect of these revisions has
been to revise the reported consumption of coal in the
iron and steel industry.
It should be noted that in IEA statistics of coal trade
and consumption, PCI is not separately specified;
rather it is included with steam coal for all countries
(except Japan). This classification is based on the fact
that most PCI coal is of a steam coal quality and not
coking coal quality. For Japan, PCI consumption is
reported in this book as a coking coal in order to be
consistent with the Japanese practice of including im-
ports of PCI coal with coking coal.
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

2. SOURCES
Historical Data (1960-2005)
The annual historical data in Part III of this report are
taken from the IEA/OECD databases of energy statis-
tics which are based on annual submissions from all
OECD Member countries.
i) IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
This database of annual statistics for OECD countries
covers all primary solid fuels, derived fuels and re-
lated manufactured gases. It contains detailed supply/
demand balances for each fuel, as well as information
on coal trade by origin and destination. The main data
from this system are published annually in the
IEA/OECD publication Coal Information.
ii) IEA/OECD Electricity Statistics
This database of annual statistics for OECD countries
covers generating capacity and electricity production
from main activity producers (formerly known as pub-
lic) and autoproducers plants. It includes information
on electricity production by fuel type and sup-
ply/demand balances for electricity and for heat sold
to third parties from different types of power and heat
plants. The main data from this system are published
annually in the IEA/OECD publication Electricity
Information.
iii) IEA/OECD Oil and Gas Statistics
This database of annual statistics for OECD countries
covers crude oil, NGL, refinery feedstocks and natural
gas, as well as derived petroleum products. It includes
detailed supply/demand balances, trade by origin and
destination and stock levels and changes.
The main data from this system are published annu-
ally in the IEA/OECD publications Oil Information
and Natural Gas Information.
COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) - xi
iv) IEA/OECD Renewables Statistics
This database of annual statistics for OECD countries
covers hydro, solid biomass, geothermal, renewable
municipal waste, wind, gas from biomass, solar
photovoltaics, solar thermal, tide/wave/ocean, non-
renewable municipal waste and industrial waste. It
includes detailed supply/demand balances.
The main data from this system are published annually
in the IEA/OECD publication Renewables Information.
v) IEA/OECD Energy Statistics
This annual database integrates data from the four
IEA/OECD statistical database systems listed above to
provide a summary of energy supply and demand for each
OECD country. It includes detailed statistics on produc-
tion, trade and consumption for each source of energy,
expressed in original units (e.g. metric tons, TJ, GWh).
The main data from this data system are published
annually in the IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD
Countries. Detailed country notes referring to histori-
cal data can be found in this publication.
vi) IEA/OECD Energy Balances
Overall energy balances are constructed annually for
all OECD countries from the basic energy statistics
described above. The overall energy balance data are
expressed in a common energy unit of tons of oil
equivalent (toe) and presented in a standard matrix
format. The balances are published annually in the
IEA/OECD publication Energy Balances of OECD
Countries in which detailed country notes referring to
historical data can be found.
vii) IEA/OECD Energy Prices and Taxes
The statistics are discussed separately below. The
prices and taxes are published quarterly in IEA/OECD
Energy Prices and Taxes.
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
xii - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition)
viii) Energy Statistics of Non-OECD
Countries
The annual historical data for non-OECD countries
presented in Part IV of this report are taken from
IEA/OECD databases of energy statistics of non-
OECD countries. These databases are compiled from
data submitted annually to the IEA Secretariat in
questionnaires from non-OECD Member countries of
the UN ECE, from data provided by other interna-
tional organisations (UN in New York, OLADE in
Quito, APEC in Tokyo and FAO in Rome), from di-
rect communications with national administrations,
industry contacts and from published sources.
The main data from this data system are published
annually in the IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of Non-
OECD Countries and Energy Balances of Non-OECD
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
Countries. Detailed country notes referring to histori-
cal data can be found in these publications.
Preliminary 2006 Data - 2006e
Data reported for the year 2006 in this publication are
preliminary and presented as 2006e. Final 2006 data
on Solid Fuels and Manufactured gases will be sub-
mitted by OECD Member countries to the Secretariat
in Annual Questionnaires in late 2007. As a result,
final data for 2006 and preliminary 2007 data will be
published in the 2008 edition of Coal Information in
July 2008.
Selected coal data for 2006 for some non-OECD
countries have been estimated by the Secretariat.

3. UNITS AND CONVERSIONS
Conversion (to toe)
All units in this publication are metric units.
Most IEA/OECD publications showing inter-fuel rela-
tions and projections present such information in a
common energy unit, the ton of oil equivalent (toe). A
ton of oil equivalent is defined as 107 kcal
(41.868 GJ), a convenient measure because it is ap-
proximately the net heat content of one ton of average
crude oil. This unit is used by the IEA/OECD in its
energy balances. Note also that totals may not be the
sum of their components due to independent rounding.
The change from using the original unit to tonnes of
oil equivalent implies choosing coefficients of equiva-
lence between different forms and sources of energy.
This problem can be approached in many different
ways. For example one could adopt a single equiva-
lence for each major primary energy source in all
countries, e.g. 29 307 kJ/kg (7 000 kcal/kg) for hard
coal, 41 868 kJ/kg (10 000 kcal/kg) for oil, etc.
The main objection to this method is that it results in
distortions since there is a wide spread in calorific
values between types of coal and individual coal
products, and between calorific values of these fuels
in different countries.
The Secretariat has therefore adopted specific calo-
rific factors supplied by the national administrations
for the main categories of each quality of coal and for
each flow or use (i.e. production, imports, exports,
electricity generation, coke ovens, blast furnaces and
industry). The set of particular national calorific val-
ues that allow for the conversion of energy sources
from original (physical) units to megajoules are pre-
sented in the tables on page xxxiii.
COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) - xiii
The balances are expressed in terms of "net" calorific
value. The difference between the "net" and the
"gross" calorific value for each fuel is the latent heat
of vaporisation of the water produced during combus-
tion of the fuel. For coal and oil, net calorific value is
usually around 5 per cent less than gross, for most
forms of natural and manufactured gas the difference
is 9-10 per cent, while for electricity there is no dif-
ference as the concept has no meaning in this case.
The use of net calorific value is consistent with the
practice of the Statistical Offices of the European
Communities and the United Nations.
In this report some data are reported in terms of ton-
nes of coal equivalent (tce) because this unit is more
widely used in the international coal industry. A tonne
of coal equivalent is defined as 7 million kilocalories.
The relation between tonne of oil equivalent (toe) and
tonne of coal equivalent (tce) is therefore:
1 tce = 0.7 toe
Note that billion refers to thousand million (109).
Also, in many cases totals shown in the tables may not
be the sum of their components due to independent
rounding.
Factors Related to Specific
Fuels
Gas
In the IEA/OECD publication Energy Statistics of
OECD Countries all data on gases are expressed in
terajoules, on the basis of their gross calorific value.
1 terajoule = 0.00002388 Mtoe.
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
xiv - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition)

To calculate the net heat content of a gas from its Petroleum Products
gross heat content, multiply the gross heat content by
The following net calorific values are used for all
the appropriate following factor:
countries and all years (toe per tonne).
Natural gas 0.9 Refinery Gas 1.150
Gas works gas 0.9 Ethane 1.180
Coke oven gas 0.9 LPG 1.130
Blast furnace gas 1.0 Naphtha 1.075
Oxygen steel furnace gas 1.0 Aviation Gasoline 1.070
Motor Gasoline 1.070
Jet Fuel 1.065
Electricity Other Kerosene 1.045
Gas/Diesel Oil 1.035
Residual Fuel Oil 0.960
Figures for electricity production, trade, and final con- Petroleum Coke 0.740
sumption are calculated using the energy content of Other Products 0.960
the electricity, i.e. at a rate of 1 TWh = 0.086 Mtoe.
Hydro-electricity production (excluding pumped stor- Coal
age) and electricity produced by other non-thermal Separate net calorific values for coal production, im-
means (wind, tide, photovoltaic, etc.), are accounted ports, exports, inputs to power plants, coal used in
for similarly using 1 TWh = 0.086 Mtoe. However, coke ovens, coal used in blast furnaces, coal used in
the primary energy equivalent of nuclear electricity is industry and coal other uses are submitted annually by
calculated from the gross generation by assuming a national Administrations to the Secretariat. Conver-
33% efficiency, i.e. 1 TWh = (0.086 ÷ 0.33) Mtoe. In sion factors for average net calorific value for each
the case of electricity produced from geothermal heat OECD member country for 2005 are shown in the
the primary equivalent is calculated assuming an effi- table on page xxxiii.
ciency of 10%, so 1 TWh = (0.086 ÷ 0.1) Mtoe, unless
the actual value is known. Other Fuels
The net heat content of other fuels, expressed in tera-
joules, is also supplied to the Secretariat by Admini-
Crude Oil strations. The Secretariat receives information on vol-
A single net calorific value is used by the IEA for umes and other characteristics only for certain aggre-
each Member Country; these values are shown in the gates of these fuels.
tables in the IEA/OECD publication Energy Balances 1 terajoule = 0.00002388 Mtoe.
of OECD Countries.
These are average conversion factors, with the same Heat
factor used to convert production, imports, and ex- Information on heat is supplied to the Secretariat in
ports as well as all consumption. terajoules.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


4. NOTES ON ENERGY SOURCES AND FLOWS
Coal
Coal is a family name for a variety of solid organic
fuels and refers to a whole range of combustible
sedimentary rock materials spanning a continuous
quality scale. For convenience, this continuous series
is often divided into four categories:
• Anthracite
• Bituminous Coal
• Sub-bituminous Coal
• Lignite/Brown Coal
Classification of different types of coal into practical
categories for use at an international level is difficult
for two reasons:
Divisions between coal categories vary between clas-
sification systems, both national and international,
based on calorific value, volatile matter content, fixed
carbon content, caking and coking properties, or some
combination of two or more of these criteria.
Although the relative value of the coals within a par-
ticular category depends on the degree of dilution by
moisture and ash and contamination by sulphur, chlo-
rine, phosphorous and certain trace elements, these
factors do not affect the divisions between categories.
Coal quality can vary and it is not always possible to
ensure that available descriptive and analytical infor-
mation is truly representative of the body of coal to
which it refers.
The International Coal Classification of the Economic
Commission for Europe (UN/ECE) recognises two
broad categories of coal:
i) hard coal - Coal of gross calorific value greater
than 5 700 kcal/kg (23.9 GJ/t) on an ash-free but
moist basis and with a mean random reflectance of
vitrinite of at least 0.6.
COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) - xv
ii) brown coal - Non-agglomerating coal with a gross
calorific value less than 5 700 kcal/kg (23.9 GJ/t)
containing more than 31 per cent volatile matter on
a dry mineral matter free basis.
The IEA has adopted this definition of Hard Coal and
Brown Coal in this book and in other publications for
presenting statistics relating to coal production, trade
and consumption.
It should be stressed that this classification system is
based on the inherent qualities of the coal in question
and not on the final use of the coal. In this way the
classification system attempts to be objective and
simple to apply.
Furthermore, in order to improve the information base
for coal market analysis and projections, these two
categories of coal have been further sub-divided in
IEA/OECD Coal Statistics from 1978 as follows:
Hard Coal
Hard coal is calculated as the sum of Coking coal and
Steam coal.
Coking coal: defined as hard coal with a quality that
allows the production of coke suitable to support a
blast furnace charge.
Steam coal: defined as all other hard coal not classi-
fied as coking coal. Also included are recovered
slurries, middlings and other low-grade coal prod-
ucts not further classified by type. Coal of this
quality is also commonly known as thermal coal.
Note that for the countries listed below, steam coal
also includes sub-bituminous coal - Australia, Bel-
gium, Finland, France, Iceland, Japan, Korea, New
Zealand, Mexico, Portugal and the United States.
Except for these 11 countries, steam coal for all other
countries in the world is equivalent to the sum of an-
thracite and other bituminous coal.
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xvi - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition)
Brown Coal/Lignite
Brown coal is calculated as the sum of sub-bituminous
coal and lignite.
Sub-bituminous coal: defined as non-agglomerating
coals with a gross calorific value between
4 165 kcal/kg (17.4 GJ/t) and 5 700 kcal/kg
(23.9 GJ/t).
Lignite: defined as non-agglomerating coal with a
gross calorific value less than 4 165 kcal/kg
(17.4 GJ/t).
Note that for 11 countries (listed above), sub-
bituminous coal is included in steam coal and not
brown coal.
Primary coal used in pulverised (or granular) coal in-
jection in blast furnaces is commonly abbreviated to
PCI (or GCI) coal. (In this book PCI should be read to
include GCI).
The IEA does not have a separate category for PCI as
the term defines a particular end-use for coal. In IEA
statistics, PCI is included in steam coal (except for
Japan where it is included with coking coal).
Data presented in this book may be different from that
presented in the national publications of countries
because countries may have adopted a different coal
classification and reporting system that better suits
their particular national needs. As far as possible na-
tional coal statistics reported by the IEA in this book
and in other publications have been adjusted to be
consistent with the IEA definitions noted above.
In cases where data presented in Mtoe or Mtce in this
book and sourced to OECD/IEA Energy Balances, the
term “Coal” includes all primary coal types (including
hard coal and brown coal), peat and coal products (in-
cluding patent fuel, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal
tar, BKB, coke oven gas, blast furnace gas, and oxy-
gen steel furnace gas).
Peat is defined as a combustible soft, porous or com-
pressed fossil sedimentary deposit of plant origin with
high water content (up to 90 per cent in the raw state),
easily cut, of light to dark brown colour.
Coal Products
Derived solid fuels are products resulting from the
transformation or manufacturing of hard coal, brown
coal or other primary solid fuels, sometimes with the
addition of other materials.
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
Patent Fuel
Patent fuel is a composition fuel manufactured from
coal fines by shaping with the addition of a binding
agent such as pitch.
Coke Oven Coke
Coke oven coke is the solid product obtained from
carbonisation of coal, principally coking coal, at high
temperature. Semi-coke, the solid product obtained
from the carbonisation of coal at low temperature is
also included along with coke and semi-coke made
from lignite.
Gas Coke
A by-product of hard coal used for production of town
gas in gas works. Gas Coke is used for heating pur-
poses.
Coal Tar
Coal tar is the liquid by-product of the destructive
distillation of bituminous coal to make coke in the
coke oven process. Coal tar can also be the result of
low-temperature carbonisation of brown coal. Coal tar
can be further distilled into different organic products
(e.g. benzene, toluene, naphthalene), which normally
would be reported as a feedstock to the petrochemical
industry.
Brown Coal Briquettes (BKB)
BKB are composition fuels manufactured from brown
coal. The brown coal is crushed, dried and moulded
under high pressure into an even shaped briquette
without the addition of binders. Peat briquettes, dried
brown coke, fines and dust and brown coal breeze are
also included.
Coke Oven Gas
Coke oven gas is obtained as a by-product of solid
fuel carbonisation and gasification operations carried
out by coke producers and iron and steel plants not
connected with gas works and municipal gas plants.
Blast Furnace Gas
Blast furnace gas is obtained as a by-product in oper-
ating blast furnaces; recovered on leaving the furnace
and used partly within the plant and partly in other
steel industry processes or used in power stations
equipped to burn it.

Oxygen Steel Furnace Gas
This gas is obtained as a by-product of the production
of steel in an oxygen furnace; it is recovered on leav-
ing the furnace. The gas is also known as converter
gas, LD gas or BOS gas.
Other Fuels
Combustible Renewable and Wastes
This category includes all primary combustible fuels
other than coal, peat, oil, natural gas and secondary
products derived from them. Products may be solid,
liquid or gas and cover biomass and materials of ani-
mal origin (not necessarily in solid form).
In IEA/OECD publications, this category is divided
into four parts:
• Solid Biomass and Animal Products
• Gases and Liquids derived from Biomass
• Municipal Waste
• Industrial Waste
Particular fuels include wood, wood-waste, straw,
“black liquor” (a residual from the paper industry),
domestic, industrial and municipal waste, landfill gas
and sludge gas. Also included are alcohol’s and esters
produced from biomass.
Oil
Includes crude oil, refinery feedstocks, natural gas
liquids, additives, hydrocarbons not of crude oil origin
and all petroleum products: LPG, refinery gas, ethane,
aviation gasoline, motor gasoline, jet fuel, kerosene,
gas/diesel oil, residual fuel oil, naphtha, white spirit,
lubricants, bitumen, paraffin waxes, petroleum coke
and other petroleum products.
COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) - xvii
Gas
Includes natural gas (excluding natural gas liquids)
and gas works gas (town gas).
Nuclear, Hydro, Geothermal and Solar
(includes Wind, Tide, Wave and Ocean
unless listed separately).
Nuclear includes primary heat equivalent of the elec-
tricity produced by a nuclear power plant with an av-
erage thermal efficiency of 33%. Hydro includes the
energy content of the electricity produced in hydro-
power plants. Hydro output excludes output from
pumped storage plants. Geothermal and solar (includ-
ing wind, tide, wave and ocean) includes indigenous
production of geothermal, solar, wind, tide and wave
energy and the use of these energy forms for electric-
ity generation. Unless the actual efficiency of the geo-
thermal process is known, the quantity of geothermal
energy entering electricity production at geothermal
plants is assuming an average thermal efficiency of
10%. For solar, wind, tide and wave electrical energy,
the quantities entering electricity generation are equal
to the electrical energy generated.
Heat and Electricity
Data collection has been expanded to obtain more
disaggregated data on inputs and outputs of ‘com-
bined heat and power’ and on ‘district heating’. Data
on heat became available in different years for differ-
ent countries and thus aggregated country data should
be used with caution. Total electricity production in-
cludes production from both main activity producers
(formerly known as public) and autoproducers. Gen-
erally, the split of total electricity production between
main activity producers and autoproducers is available
only after 1973. However, for the United States no
data are available for autoproducers prior to 1989. For
Australia, Japan and New Zealand electricity data re-
fer to fiscal years.
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

5. PRICE DATA
Energy prices are published quarterly in the
IEA/OECD Energy Prices and Taxes. IEA data on
coal prices are managed in two sub-systems: They
vary not only in content but also with respect to the
data collection methods.
• Import and export unit values
• End-user prices
Import and Export Unit
Values
Import and export unit values are calculated quarterly
(March, June, September and December) from na-
tional customs statistics import and export volumes
and values. The basic data are collected from monthly
national trade sources (Japan, United States, Australia
and Canada) or provided monthly to the IEA by the
Statistical Office of the European Communities
(Eurostat).
Values recorded at the import stage are the sum of
cost, insurance and freight (CIF) but exclude import
duties. Values recorded at the export stage (FOB),
exclude seaborne or international transport, but in-
clude inland transport costs of the exporting country.
As far as possible the concept of ‘general imports and
exports’ is used. This includes coal imports for re-
export with or without processing but excludes transit
trade.
The definitions of coal categories and the volume and
value units used in each of the above source systems
vary considerably. A certain amount of regrouping
and unit conversions is necessary once the basic data
are compiled.
COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) - xix
The rules for regrouping coal categories are consistent
with the definitions used in the annual IEA/OECD
Coal Statistics. Prices are compiled for steam coal and
for coking coal. Definitions and the correspondence to
national and European classifications are discussed in
detail in the quarterly IEA publication Energy Prices
and Taxes. Comments in Energy Prices and Taxes on
certain data items as well as general background in-
formation are developed systematically. Data com-
ments relate mainly to calorific values of specific
coal trade flows, and to national coal definitions.
Background information covers duties and trade
regulations.
End-User Prices
End-user prices are collected quarterly from national
administrations and other relevant bodies and supple-
mented with data extracted from national publications.
Although a standard approach to reporting the data
has been developed, differences in definitions be-
tween countries are explained in the notes published
in Energy Prices and Taxes.
The standard approach to reporting end-use prices can
be summarised as follows:
• include transport costs to the consumer;
• show prices actually paid, i.e. net of rebates;
• include taxes which have to be paid by the con-
sumer as part of the transaction and which are not
refundable. This excludes value added tax paid in
many European countries by industry (including
electric power stations) for all goods and services
(including energy). In these cases value added tax
is refunded to the customer, usually in the form of
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
xx - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition)

a tax credit. Therefore it is not shown as part of

prices.
A standard coal quality for international comparisons
of end-use prices is not possible given the wide vari-
ety of coal qualities in domestic and international coal
trade. As a result, only average prices covering differ-
ent qualities are collected, along with the calorific
value of these average qualities. If average prices are
not available, prices of a selected coal may be chosen.
Accordingly, international comparisons of coal end-
use prices may be misleading. Detailed notes concern-
ing these price series are published in Energy Prices
and Taxes. Also please refer to Energy Prices and
Taxes for detailed description of price mechanism in
each country and country specific notes.
Derived Price Data
The information collected on prices is converted by the
IEA Secretariat into a variety of secondary data in order
to facilitate its analysis. Inter-fuel price comparisons for
one country are usually made on the basis of prices per
heat unit such as a tonne of coal equivalent. (In the end-
user price tables, the conversion factor used for convert-
ing gross calories to net calories for natural gas is 0.9).
Inter-country price comparisons are made on the basis
of a standard currency unit, e.g., US dollars. Prices for
regional totals are calculated as weighted average of
available price data in the region and therefore prices
shown should be considered only indicative.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


6. QUARTERLY ENERGY STATISTICS
Readers who are interested in very recent data should
consult the OECD/IEA publication Oil, Gas Coal and
Electricity Quarterly Statistics which is published in
January, March, June and September each year.
This book provides rapid, accurate and detailed statis-
tics on quarterly production, supply and demand and
trade of the major energy forms mainly in, but not
limited to, the OECD area.
The information contained in this publication consists of:
Oil
- Production of crude oil and NGL for the major
producers in the world.
- Refinery balances for crude oil, NGL, refinery
feedstocks, and total (including inputs of origin
other than crude oil and NGL);
- Complete product balances of production, trade,
refinery intake and output, final consumption,
stock levels and changes;
- Crude, NGL and feedstock imports from 47 ori-
gins and exports to 24 destinations;
- Trade data for main product groups, LPG and
naphtha; imports from 43 origins and exports to 30
destinations;
COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) - xxi
- Imports from 26 origins and exports to 15
destinations;
- Trade data for main product groups, LPG and
naphta; imports from 43 origins and exports to 30
destinations;
Natural Gas
- Balances of supply and consumption of OECD
Member Countries.
Coal
- World hard coal and brown coal production;
- World steam coal and coking coal trade;
- Coking coal and steam coal imports and exports
for major OECD countries;
Electricity
- Electricity production, (separately from combusti-
ble fuel, nuclear, hydro and other sources) imports,
exports and (apparent) consumption in each of the
30 OECD Member countries.
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

7. GEOGRAPHICAL COVERAGE
Australia excludes the overseas territories.
Denmark excludes the Danish Faroes and Greenland.
France includes Monaco but excludes the French
overseas territories Guadeloupe, Martinique, Guyane,
Réunion, St.-Pierre and Miquelon, New Caledonia
and French Polynesia.
Italy includes San Marino and the Vatican.
Japan includes Okinawa.
The Netherlands excludes Suriname and the Nether-
lands Antilles.
Portugal includes the Açores and Madeira.
Spain includes the Canary Islands.
Switzerland does not include Liechtenstein.
The United States includes 50 States and District of
Columbia.
OECD Total comprises Australia, Austria, Belgium,
Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, Mexico, Netherlands,
New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Re-
public, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United
Kingdom, and United States.
With the exception of Iceland, Mexico, Poland1 and the
Slovak Republic1, all 30 OECD member countries are also
member countries of the IEA.
1. Poland and the Slovak Republic are expected to become member
countries of the IEA in 2007.
COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) - xxiii
The following countries are included in the regional
aggregates. OECD Total is the sum of the three re-
gional aggregates.
OECD North America comprises Canada, Mexico,
United States.
OECD Europe comprises Austria, Belgium, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxem-
bourg, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak
Republic, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey,
United Kingdom.
OECD Pacific comprises Australia, Japan, Korea,
New Zealand.
IEA regional totals include only IEA Member coun-
tries and therefore exclude non-IEA Members, shown
in italics above.
Please note that all OECD Pacific countries are also
members of IEA and therefore we refer to it as
OECD/IEA Pacific.
The European Union Member States 2 comprises
Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,
Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slo-
venia, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom.
2. This edition provides statistics up to 2006 and therefore does not
include Bulgaria and Romania as both countries became members of
the EU in January 2007.
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

8. COUNTRY NOTES
In many cases data submitted by Member countries to
the Secretariat do not conform to the standard report-
ing methodology or have other particular characteris-
tics. Information set out below will assist readers to
interpret data for particular countries and aid in the
comparison of data among countries.
Australia
All data refer to the fiscal year, July 2004 to June
2005 for 2005. For the 2002 data, the Australian Ad-
ministration has started to use a new survey method-
ology which has caused shifts in the structure of in-
dustry consumption. The Australian Administration is
planning to revise the historical series.
Data on blast furnace gas for electricity production by
autoproducers begins in 1986. Consumption in wood
and wood products is included in paper, pulp and print
from 2001 onwards. The drop in BKB production in
2004 was due to a fire in the main production plant.
Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.
Austria
Historical revisions by the Austrian Administration
have resulted in some breaks in series between 1989
and 1990.
Other bituminous coal includes hard coal briquettes.
"Trockenkohle" is included with BKB because of its
high calorific value. Since 1994, gas works gas is re-
ported with natural gas because it is distributed in the
same network. The amount of gas works gas is negli-
gible and it is mostly consumed by households. There
is no production of brown coal in 2005 due to the clo-
sure of the last mine in the second quarter of 2004.
Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.
COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) - xxv
Belgium
Sub-bituminous coal data refer to recovered coal
products. Production of other bituminous coal ceased
on 31 August 1992. Production includes the recupera-
tion of coal from coal dumps. The use of coke oven
gas in the chemical and petrochemical sector ceased
in 1996. The decrease of bituminous coal and coke
oven coke in the iron and steel sector in 2002 is due to
the closure of several plants.
Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.
Canada
Due to the unavailability of data, non-energy use of
coke oven coke and hard coal is included with final
consumption sectors prior to 1978 and 1980 respec-
tively. Before 1978, lignite inputs to main activity
producer heat plants are included in final consump-
tion. Starting in 1979, these inputs are included in
main activity producer electricity plants. Due to a Ca-
nadian confidentiality law, starting in 2002, some of
the disaggregation of primary coal has been estimated
by IEA Secretariat.
Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.
Czech Republic
Data are available starting in 1971.
End-use consumption data were submitted by the
Czech Administration starting with 1996 data. Due to
economic restructuring in the end-use consumption
sectors in the late 1990s (big state enterprises subdi-
viding and/or privatising and the utilisation of new
technologies by businesses), there might be breaks in
time series in these sectors. Prior to 1993, consumption
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
xxvi - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition)
was estimated by the Secretariat. Data for 1990 to
1995 were estimated based on the Czech publication
Energy Economy Year Book. In 1995, town gas pro-
duction ceased. Beginning in 1996, the Czech Ad-
ministration reported gas works gas in autoproducer
CHP. In 1997, coke oven gas consumption in chemi-
cal and petrochemical stopped. Also in 1997, other
bituminous coal started being extracted at a deeper
level, which increased the calorific value of this coal.
Revisions by the Czech Administration have resulted
in some breaks in series between 2001 and 2002. Pro-
duction from other sources of the bituminous coal in
2004 are coal slurries.
Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.
Denmark
In the 2004 edition, major revisions were made by the
Danish Administration for the 1990 to 2001 data, which
may cause breaks in time series between 1989 and 1990.
A large increase of steam coal imports in 2003 is re-
lated to a draught in Scandinavia. Thermal power
plants were operated more intensively to replace hy-
dro-generated electricity that is consumed in the coun-
try. Additionally, more coal-generated electricity was
exported to other countries in the region.
Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.
Finland
A new survey system and a reclassification of the data
lead to breaks in the time series between 1999 and
2000 for most products and sectors. The new survey
system is more detailed and has better product cover-
age especially in electricity, CHP and heat production,
as well as in industry.
A large increase of steam coal imports in 2003 is re-
lated to a draught in Scandinavia. Thermal power
plants were operated more intensively to replace hy-
dro-generated electricity that is consumed in the coun-
try. Additionally, more coal-generated electricity was
exported to other countries in the region.
The first coking plant started operation in 1987, hence
imports of coking coal and production of coke oven coke
and coke oven gas started in that year. The increase of
other bituminous coal inputs into main activity pro-
ducer electricity plants from 1993 to 1994 was due to
coal replacing imported electricity and hydro power.
Production of gas works gas ceased in April 1994.
Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
France
Prior to 1985, consumption of colliery gas is included
with the use of coke oven gas by autoproducers. Final
consumption in industry is estimated by the Secre-
tariat from 1986 to 2001 for some products. For 1989
to 1998, the Secretariat has estimated industry con-
sumption based on Consommations d’Energie dans
l‘Industrie, SESSI. BKB data for 1994 are Secretariat
estimates.
Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.
Germany
German data include the new federal states of Ger-
many from 1970 onwards.
Figures for quantities used for non-energy purposes
became available from 1970. Prior to this, non-energy
uses are included with consumption in the respective
final consumption sectors. Due to reclassification of
several sectors by the German Administration, breaks
in series may occur between 1990 and 1992; this par-
ticularly affects BKB, lignite and coke oven coke.
BKB inputs to gas works plants stopped in 1997.
Breaks in series may occur between 1998 and 1999
for coke oven gas and blast furnace gas. Up to 2003,
other bituminous coal includes anthracite.
Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.
Greece
Electricity production using hard coal ceased in 1989.
A new main activity producer electricity plant using
imported bituminous coal was brought on-line in
1991. Production of gas works gas ceased in 1997.
Lignite is used in main activity producer CHP plants
since 1997.
Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.
Hungary
Data are available from 1965.
Due to sale of an autoproducer power plant, breaks in
series occur for coke oven gas and blast furnace gas
between 1997 and 1998. From 1999, the production of
sub-bituminous coal has been included with lignite/

brown coal due to the low quality of the coal. The use
of this domestic coal in main activity producer elec-
tricity and CHP plants has also been reclassified to
lignite/brown coal.
Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.
Iceland
Prior to 1970, final consumption includes inputs and
outputs to heat production. The industrial classifica-
tions used by the Icelandic Administration were
changed in 1987. Final consumption increased in
2000 due to a new iron and steel plant coming on-line.
Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.
Ireland
Production data for peat briquettes (reported as BKB)
are available from 1975. Low production of peat in
1985 was due to a poor “harvest”. The production of
gas works gas ceased in 1987 due to fuel switching to
natural gas. Other bituminous coal inputs to main ac-
tivity producer electricity plants increased from 1986
due to three new generating units at Moneypoint com-
ing on-line. A reclassification causes a break in the
series for own use of peat from 1989 to 1990.
Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.
Italy
From 2000 onwards, the Italian Administration de-
fines electricity production from autoproducers as
including generation from producers consuming more
than 70% of their own production. However for the
2000 to 2002 period, all electricity production from
autoproducers is reported with main activity producers.
From 1986 onwards, figures from lignite are given
using the same methodology as in the Bilancio Ener-
getico Nazionale. In 1991, all industrial activities
were reclassified on the basis of ISTAT/NACE 91.
This has implied some transfers of activities which
may result in some anomalies between 1991 and ear-
lier years. Due to a change in the survey system,
breaks in series may occur between 1997 and 1998 for
final consumption.
Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.
COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) - xxvii
Japan
For the fourth consecutive year, the IEA has received
revisions from the Japanese Administration. The first
set of revisions received in 2004 increased the 1990
supply by 5% for coal, 2% for natural gas and 0.7%
for oil compared to the previous data. This led to an
increase of 2.5% in 1990 CO2 emissions calculated
using the Reference Approach while the Sectoral Ap-
proach remained fairly constant. For the 2006 edition,
the IEA has received revisions to the coal and oil data
which have a significant impact on both the energy
data and the CO2 emissions. The most significant re-
visions occurred for coke oven coke, naphtha, blast
furnace gas and petroleum coke. These revisions af-
fected consumption rather than supply in the years
concerned. As a result, the sectoral approach CO2
emissions have increased for all the years, however at
different rates. For example, the sectoral approach
CO2 emissions for 1990 were 4.6% higher than those
calculated for the 2005 edition while the 2003 emis-
sions were 1.1% higher than those of the previous
edition. Due to the impact these successive revisions
have had on the final energy balance as well as on
CO2 emissions, the IEA is in close contact with the
Japanese Administration to better understand the rea-
sons behind these changes. These changes are mainly
due to the Government of Japan's efforts to improve
the input-output balances in the production of oil
products and coal products in response to inquiries
from the UNFCCC Secretariat. To cope with this is-
sue, the Japanese Administration established a work-
ing group in March 2004. The working group com-
pleted its work in April 2006. Many of its conclusions
were already incorporated prior to this year, but some
further revisions to the time series (especially in the
industry and other sectors) were submitted this year.
Starting in 1990, data are reported on a fiscal year
basis (April 2005 to March 2006 for 2005).
From 1982, residential use of coke oven coke is in-
cluded in commercial/public services sector. Oxygen
steel furnace gas data are available from 1982. From
1998, inputs of coke oven gas, blast furnace gas and
oxygen steel furnace gas into autoproducer electricity
plants include the amount used to produce electricity
with TRT technology (Top pressure Recovery Tur-
bines) which was previously included in the industry
sector. Starting in 1990, the inputs of coke oven coke
to blast furnaces as well as the final consumption of
coke oven coke in the iron and steel sector have been
estimated by the IEA Secretariat.
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
xxviii - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition)
Coal injected in blast furnaces (PCI) is classified as
coking coal in order to be consistent with Japanese
trade statistics.
Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.
Korea
Data are available from 1971.
Data for 2002 have been reported on a different basis,
causing breaks in series between 2001 and 2002, es-
pecially for inputs and outputs to electricity genera-
tion and consumption in the iron and steel industry.
The Korean Administration is planning to revise the
historical series as time and resources permit.
Data for coal and coal products from 1971 to 2000 are
based on information provided by the Korean Ad-
ministration, as well as information from the Year-
book of Energy Statistics 2001, the Yearbook of Coal
Statistics 2000 (both from the Ministry of Commerce,
Industry and Energy), and Statistics of Electric Power
in Korea 2000 (from the Korea Electric Power Corpo-
ration). Patent fuel series have been estimated by the
Secretariat up to 2001. Data on sub-bituminous coal
were estimated by the Secretariat based on statistics of
the exporting countries.
Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.
Luxembourg
Steel production from blast furnaces ceased at the end
of 1997. As a consequence, Luxembourg no longer
uses coke oven coke and blast furnace gas.
Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.
Mexico
Data are available starting in 1971 and are partly es-
timated based on the publication Balance Nacional -
Energía. The Mexican Administration submitted data
directly by questionnaire for the first time with 1992
data. As a result, some breaks in series may occur be-
tween 1991 and 1992.
Data for coke oven gas and blast furnace gas are re-
ported for the first time in 1999.
Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
Netherlands
In the national statistical system of the Netherlands,
use of fuel in manufacturing industries for CHP pro-
duction is considered to be consumption in the trans-
formation sector. However, in IEA statistics, this own
use for heat production (autoproduced heat) is re-
ported under the relevant industry sector, based on
estimates provided by the Central Bureau of Statistics.
For 1984 to 1986, production from other sources of
other bituminous coal represents a stock of "smalls"
washed for re-use. Prior to 1989, non-energy use is
included with industry consumption. Paper, pulp and
print includes furniture. The breakdown of anthracite,
coking coal and other bituminous coal has been pro-
vided on a preliminary basis and data will be revised.
Coal exports consist of re-exported volumes.
Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.
New Zealand
A reorganisation of government departments during
1987 leading to cessation of certain data series has re-
sulted in several breaks in series between 1987 and 1988.
Production of gas works gas ceased in 1988. Peat,
although produced in New Zealand, is not used as a
fuel. It is used for agricultural purposes only. In final
consumption, non-ferrous metals is included with iron
and steel; wood and wood products is included with
pulp, paper and print; mining and quarrying is in-
cluded in agriculture and construction is included with
commercial/public services. Sub-bituminous coal in-
puts into blast furnaces refers to coal that is merged
with iron sand to form the inputs for the multi-hearth-
furnace (Glenbrook Steel Site).
Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.
Norway
Production of coking coal, coke oven coke and coke
oven gas ceased in the late 1980s. Other bituminous
coal includes lignite. The decrease of bituminous coal
production in 2005 is due to a fire in one of the coal
mines, that entailed a break in the production for a
large part of the year.
Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.

Poland
Data for coking coal were included with other bitumi-
nous coal prior to 1993.
Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.
Portugal
Since 1998, sub-bituminous coal is not used. As of
2000, gas works gas in the commercial/public services
and residential sectors is gradually being replaced by
natural gas. The iron and steel industry closed in the
first quarter of 2001, leading to decreases in supply
and consumption of coking coal, coke oven coke,
coke oven gas and blast furnace gas.
Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.
Slovak Republic
Data are available starting in 1971.
There are some breaks in series between 1992 and
1993. A new survey system in 2001 leads to major
breaks in series for most products.
Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.
Spain
Other bituminous coal use in the iron and steel indus-
try ceases in 1991 and starts again in 1996. Consump-
tion of BKB also ends in 1991. Consumption of blast
furnace gas in the chemical industry stopped in 1993
while chemical industry use of coke oven gas stopped
between 1993 and 2000. Natural gas inputs into gas
works gas stopped in 1999.
Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.
Sweden
Other bituminous coal production is coal recovered
during the quarrying of clay. Autoproducer inputs to
waste heat production that is sold are reported in the
respective end-use sectors and not in the transforma-
tion sector.
Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.
COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) - xxix
Switzerland
From 1999, data on consumption result from a new
survey and are not comparable with data of previous
years.
The breakdown of the industry sector for 2000 was
estimated by the Secretariat for gas, oil, electricity and
heat. From 1985, industrial consumption of gas works
gas is reported in non-specified industry to prevent the
disclosure of commercially confidential data.
Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.
Turkey
Production of gas works gas declined in 1989 due to
plant closures; the last plant closed in 1994. Use of
gas coke and gas works gas ceased in 1994. Due to
government regulations in the industry and residential
sectors in particular, there has been a shift from the
use of domestically produced coal to imported coal
and natural gas.
Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.
United Kingdom
Consumption shown for the commercial/public ser-
vices sector includes consumption of some of the non-
specified sector. Prior to 1994, the consumption of
substitute natural gas is included with natural gas
while its production is included with gas works gas.
Due to reclassifications, there are breaks in the series
between 1998 and 1999 and between 2000 and 2001
for blast furnace gas.
Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.
United States
United States includes the 50 states and the District of
Columbia. Imports and exports also include all U.S.
territories (i.e. Puerto Rico, Guam, the Virgin Islands
and the Hawaiian Trade Zone).
Due to problems in reporting, there are numerous
breaks in series for the U.S. data, particularly in 1992,
1999, 2001 and 2002. Care should be taken when
evaluating consumption by sector since inputs of fuel
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
xxx - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition)

to autoproducers are included in final consumption for
some years.
Gas works gas production and consumption is in-
cluded with natural gas starting in 1974. In 2002, the
United States reported "synfuel" production as patent
fuel for the first time. Prior to 2002, the consumption
of this fuel was reported with other bituminous coal.
Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) - xxxi

9. CONVERSION FACTORS AND CALORIFIC

VALUES

General Conversion Factors for Energy

To: TJ Gcal Mtoe MBtu GWh

From: multiply by:
-5
TJ 1 238.8 2.388 x 10 947.8 0.2778
-3 -7 -3
Gcal 4.1868 x 10 1 10 3.968 1.163 x 10
4 7 7
Mtoe 4.1868 x 10 10 1 3.968 x 10 11630
-3 -8 -4
MBtu 1.0551 x 10 0.252 2.52 x 10 1 2.931 x 10
-5
GWh 3.6 860 8.6 x 10 3412 1

Conversion Factors for Mass

To: kg t lt st lb
From: multiply by:
-4 -3
kilogramme (kg) 1 0.001 9.84 x 10 1.102 x 10 2.2046
tonne (t) 1000 1 0.984 1.1023 2204.6
long ton (lt) 1016 1.016 1 1.120 2240.0
short ton (st) 907.2 0.9072 0.893 1 2000.0
-4 -4 -4
pound (lb) 0.454 4.54 x 10 4.46 x 10 5.0 x 10 1

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xxxii - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition)

Conversion Factors for Volume

3 3
To: gal U.S. gal U.K. bbl ft l m
From: multiply by:
U.S. gallon (gal) 1 0.8327 0.02381 0.1337 3.785 0.0038
U.K. gallon (gal) 1.201 1 0.02859 0.1605 4.546 0.0045
Barrel (bbl) 42.0 34.97 1 5.615 159.0 0.159
3
Cubic foot (ft ) 7.48 6.229 0.1781 1 28.3 0.0283
Litre (l) 0.2642 0.220 0.0063 0.0353 1 0.001
3
Cubic metre (m ) 264.2 220.0 6.289 35.3147 1000.0 1

Decimal Prefixes

101 deca (da) 10-1 deci (d)

102 hecto (h) 10-2 centi (c)
103 kilo (k) 10-3 milli (m)
106 mega (M) 10-6 micro (μ)
109 giga (G) 10-9 nano (n)
1012 tera (T) 10-12 pico (p)
1015 peta (P) 10-15 femto (f)
1018 exa (E) 10-18 atto (a)

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) - xxxiii

2005 COUNTRY SPECIFIC AVERAGE NET CALORIFIC VALUES

(Megajoules per tonne)

Anthracite Coking Other Sub- Lignite Peat Patent Coke Oven Coal Tar BKB
Coal Bituminous Bituminous Fuels Coke
Coal Coal

Australia - 28 500 25 700 18 480 9 310 - - 25 650 - 21 000

Austria 28 110 29 070 28 140 22 200 9 150 8 800 31 000 29 000 41 800 19 300
Belgium 25 180 29 310 25 780 23 040 21 560 - 29 310 27 700 - 20 100
Canada 27 700 28 410 25 510 17 800 14 470 - - 27 390 - -
Czech Republic 32 000 28 880 22 340 13 010 8 750 - - 28 010 37 340 23 860
Denmark - - 24 800 - - - - 29 300 - -
Finland - 29 300 25 500 - - 10 200 - 29 300 37 000 -
France - 30 500 26 000 - 17 000 - 32 000 28 000 - -
Germany 29 700 29 380 25 180 - 9 040 8 370 31 400 28 650 - 21 340
Greece - - 25 620 - 5 150 - - 29 300 - 14 570
Hungary - 31 430 24 830 18 170 7 750 - - 29 450 - 20 000
Iceland - 28 050 28 050 - - - - 26 670 - -
Ireland 27 840 - 27 840 - 19 820 8 380 28 050 - - 18 550
Italy - 30 980 26 590 - 10 470 - - 29 000 - -
Japan 27 200 28 370 25 930 - - - - 30 100 36 330 -
Korea 19 720 27 630 24 900 20 900 - - 19 860 27 210 - -
Luxembourg 29 300 - 29 300 - - - - - - 20 100
Mexico - 23 480 23 480 19 410 14 100 - - 26 520 - -
Netherlands 29 300 28 670 25 070 - 20 000 - - 28 500 41 900 -
New Zealand - - 28 400 21 080 14 360 - - - - -
Norway - - 28 100 - - - - 28 500 - -
Poland - 29 610 22 730 - 8 650 - - 28 550 38 520 17 450
Portugal 31 880 - 25 560 - - - - 28 040 - -
Slovak Republic 28 700 29 380 25 580 - 11 190 - 29 310 28 330 - 23 000
Spain 19 390 30 020 23 490 12 040 6 500 - - 30 290 - -
Sweden - 30 000 27 400 - - 12 500 - 28 080 - 20 100
Switzerland 28 100 - 28 100 - - - - 28 100 - 20 100
Turkey - 30 790 25 520 18 000 6 890 - - 29 300 - 20 930
United Kingdom - 28 850 24 810 - - - 30 870 27 830 - -
United States 28 060 29 170 26 590 19 420 14 210 - 27 220 27 470 - -
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

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xxxiv - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition)

Coal Classification
The IEA collects statistics on coal production, trade and consumption according to a technically precise classification
based on the quality of coal as follows:
• Coking Coal is coal with a quality that allows the production of coke suitable to support a blast furnace charge;
• Other Bituminous Coal and Anthracite are non-agglomerating coals with a gross calorific value greater than
23 865 kJ/kg (5 700 kcal/kg) on an ash-free but moist basis;
• Sub-bituminous Coal is a non-agglomerating coal with a gross calorific value between 23 865 kJ/kg (5 700 kcal/kg)
and 17 435 kJ/kg (4 165 kcal/kg) containing more than 31% volatile matter on a dry mineral matter-free basis;
• Lignite/Brown Coal is a non-agglomerating coal with a gross calorific value less than 17 435 kJ/kg (4 165 kcal/kg)
and greater than 31% volatile matter on a dry mineral matter-free basis. Oil Shale combusted directly is reported in
this category.
However, when publishing these data, the IEA adopts a simplified classification of Hard Coal and Brown Coal. The
correspondence is as follows:
Hard Coal: this is the sum of Coking Coal and Steam Coal;
Coking coal is reported in the category Coking Coal;
Other Bituminous Coal and Anthracite are reported in the category Steam Coal;
Sub-bituminous Coal is reported in the category Brown Coal except for: Australia, Belgium, Finland, France, Iceland,
Japan, Mexico, New Zealand, Portugal, South Korea (Republic of Korea) and the United States where it is included in
Steam Coal (because of its relatively high calorific value);
Lignite is reported in the category Brown Coal.
The term Total Coal refers to the sum of Hard Coal and Brown Coal after conversion to a common energy unit (tonne of
coal equivalent - tce). The conversion is done by multiplying the calorific value of the coal in question (the conversion
factors are submitted by national Administrations to the IEA Secretariat each year) by the total volume of hard and
brown coal used, measured in physical units, i.e. in tonnes. One tce has an energy content of 29.3 gigajoules (GJ) or
7 000 kcal and corresponds to 0.7 tonnes of oil equivalent (toe).

Defining Coal Consumption and Consumption

Energy statistics are compiled and presented to take account of the complexity in the way fuels are used and to avoid
double counting. Misunderstandings can arise when statistics on coal consumption are used because of the particular
terminology used by energy statisticians.
Coal is used in four possible ways:
• As a primary input to produce electricity or a secondary/tertiary fuel that is used elsewhere or sold - this is referred to
as use in the Transformation Sector;
e.g. coking coal used to produce coke in a coke oven, steam coal used to produce electricity
• As a fuel used to support (but not used in) a transformation process - this is referred to as use in the Energy Sector;
e.g. coke oven gas used to heat the coke oven, steam coal used to operate the power plant
• As a fuel consumed in manufacturing industry, mining and construction, in transport, in agriculture, in commercial
and public services and in households - this is referred to as use in the Final Consumption Sectors;
e.g. steam coal used to produce heat in cement kilns, steam coal used to produce industrial process steam
• As a raw material - this is referred to as non-energy use.
e.g. coal used to produce carbon electrodes for the aluminium industry
In the wider community, the term ‘Consumption’ is commonly understood to include all four of the above end-uses.
However, in this book the term “Consumption” refers only to use in the Final Consumption Sectors (i.e. in the third dot
point above).

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I - I.1

PART I

WORLD COAL MARKET REVIEW

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


1. OVERVIEW
In 2006, total coal production increased by 7.6%, well
above the 10-year average growth trend of 3.0%.
Hard coal production increased by 8.8% (or 435.8 Mt) to
5 369.8 Mt. Brown coal production increased by 0.9%
(or 7.8 Mt) to 913.8 Mt, a little above its 1997 level.
The analysis of proved coal reserve data indicates that
at the current level of production, there is close to 150
years of coal available for supply.
Total coal consumption increased by 7.8% or
321.5 Mtce in 2006, which follows a three years trend
of annual increases averaging 6.8%. Among the types
of coal, hard coal consumption increased by 8.6%,
steam coal consumption was up 353.2 Mt (8.3%), and
coking coal consumption was up 71.2 Mt (11.2%).
Global hard coal trade continues to grow in 2006.
Hard coal exports were up 21.5 Mt from 793.3 Mt to
814.8 Mt. Steam coal exports rose 4.9% from
565.0 Mt to 592.6 Mt while coking coal exports
shows a decline of 2.6% from 228.2 Mt to 222.2 Mt.
Because of differences in coal classification by trading
partners, as well as difficulties in assigning trade to
COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I - I.3
specific destinations, and because trade is not instanta-
neous, imports volume does not exactly reflect exports
volume. Indeed, estimated imports show a smaller in-
crease in trade than do exports. Total hard coal imports
volume rose from 789.2 Mt to 819.1 Mt—an increase
of 3.8% (29.9 Mt). Coking coal imports increased by
7.8% whereas steam coal imports increased by 2.4%.
Average CIF import steam coal prices remained at
similar levels as last year, with a 1% growth in Japan
and a 2% decline in the European Union compared to
2005.
The majority of 2006 average steam coal FOB export
prices were at similar levels as those of 2005.
In 2004, coal became the first source of world CO2
emissions ahead of oil and natural gas. Coal-related
emissions increased more rapidly in the non-OECD
countries which became responsible for the majority
of coal-related emissions in the early ’90s. In the
OECD, coal-related emissions were increasingly due
to power generation as opposed to industries and
other sectors whose share declined sharply.
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

2. PRODUCTION
Developments in World Coal
Supply in 2005 and 2006
World coal production and use is broadly grouped by
the main coal types – hard coal and brown coal. Hard
coal with a high thermal value (varying from coal to
coal and depending on the degree of preparation) is
economically suited to international trade, with char-
acteristics making some coals suitable for metallurgi-
cal (coking) uses. Brown coal (lignite) has a much
lower thermal value (the amount depending on the
coal type and its water content) and is suitable largely
for power generation locally or to a lesser extent for
briquette manufacture.
World hard coal production continued to show strong
growth in 2006 after three years of record growth.
Total world hard coal production (including recovered
slurries) reached 5 369.8 Mt, an 8.8% increase (or
435.8 Mt) over the 2005 level of 4 934.0 Mt, which
follows three years of strong annual growth averaging
8.3%. It was again driven by growth in production
from the non-OECD countries with a 12% growth in
2006, which follows three years of annual growth av-
eraging 12%. Among the major producing countries,
production increased in China, Russia, India, Indone-
sia, Kazakhstan, Vietnam and Colombia, but declined
marginally in South Africa. During the last three
years, the OECD’s hard coal production steadily in-
creased and reached in 2006 a new production peak
of 1 510.1 Mt. The United States and Australia are the
main drivers of this increase, together with Turkey
Norway (mine re-opened after closure due to fire),
Mexico and New-Zealand where much smaller in-
creases in production took place. It is to be noted that
most of the other OECD countries experienced declining
COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I - I.5
production, especially the Germany, United Kingdom,
Poland and Canada.
Brown coal production increased by 0.9% (or 7.8. Mt) in
2006, which brings it back to approximately its 1997
level. OECD’s brown coal production was stable at
620.2 Mt, while non-OECD’s production increased by
8.3 Mt, or 2.9%. The largest increases in production
took place in Turkey (+5.5 Mt), Romania (+3.9 Mt),
and Russia (+2.1 Mt), whereas the largest decrease
took place in Germany (-1.6 Mt).
Overall, world coal production (hard and brown coal)
grew by 7.6% (or 443.6 Mt) in 2006 from 5 840.0 Mt
to 6 283.6 Mt—following three years of strong
growth averaging 6.9%. These last four years repre-
sent over 31%, or 15 001 Mt of cumulated growth in
total world coal production.
World production for hard and brown coal are summa-
rised in Tables 1.1 and 1.4 at the end of this narrative.
Hard Coal Production
OECD Production
OECD hard coal production reached 1 510.1 Mt in
2006, a 1.5% increase over 2005. After three years of
growth, the OECD production reached its historical
peak since the inception of the IEA.
In 1973, the OECD accounted for about 50% of the
world hard coal production. However, since then its
share has continuously declined as more non-OECD
countries have increased hard coal production. While
OECD’s production increased throughout the ’70s
and ’80s, its share of world production declined to
about 40% by 1990 and was only about 28% in 2006.
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
I.6 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I

The largest OECD coal-producing region is OECD-
North America, with more than two thirds of the
OECD production. More than 20% of the OECD pro-
duction is in the Pacific region and the remaining 12%
is in the OECD-Europe region.
The other two countries in the region are not signifi-
cant coal producers. The Republic of Korea, which
operates some anthracite mines for domestic use, has
experienced declining production for several years.
Commercial coal production in Japan ceased in 2002.

Table I.1 Major Hard Coal Producers* [Mt] OECD-Europe

2004 2005 2006e
In 2006, the OECD-Europe region counted ten pri-
PR of China 1956.0 2158.9 2481.5
United States 943.3 962.4 989.5 mary hard coal producing countries, two of them
India 382.0 403.0 427.1 (Belgium and France) producing only from recovered
Australia 285.9 304.9 309.4
South Africa 242.8 245.0 244.4 slurries. Total regional hard coal production was
Russia 189.8 202.9 233.2 164.9 Mt, a decrease of 4.5% compared to 2005. Hard
Indonesia 132.4 152.2 169.0 coal production for the OECD-Europe has declined
Poland 101.2 97.9 95.2
Kazakhstan 83.1 82.8 91.5 steadily since 1995. The sharpest decline in produc-
Colombia 54.2 59.1 63.7 tion occurred between 1997 and 2000.
Ukraine 59.1 60.0 61.4
Vietnam 25.5 32.4 37.9 The largest producing countries are Poland, Germany,
Canada 29.3 28.6 26.3
DPR Korea 22.8 24.1 24.4 the United Kingdom, the Czech Republic and Spain.
Germany 29.2 28.0 23.8 However, hard coal production has declined in each
Other 97.2 26.4 25.6
of these countries, except for the Czech Republic
Total 4633.8 4934.0 5369.8
where it increased only marginaly.
* Production includes recovered slurries.
See Table 1.1 in Part II for historic data on selected countries. A second tier of producers, Turkey, Norway and Italy
produce between 0.1 Mt and 3.2 Mt per year, which
represents only a small fraction of their domestic en-
OECD-North America ergy supply. In Turkey and Italy, it is linked to local
OECD-North America production reached 1 027.3 Mt markets for power generation and household con-
in 2006, up 2.5% from 1 001.8 Mt in 2005. The sumption. Production in Norway is limited to the is-
United States is the second largest global hard coal land of Spitsbergen, where mines are operated to pro-
producing country and the seventh largest hard coal vide employment for local inhabitants.
exporter. Canada is the thirteenth largest hard coal
producer and eighth largest exporter, while Mexico Non-OECD Production
produced 11.5 Mt in 2006 for domestic consumption.
Hard coal production in the non-OECD countries in-
Coal production in the region has increased for three
creased by 11.9% from 3 446.8 Mt in 2005 to
consecutive years, driven by growth in the United
3 859.7 Mt in 2006. Over 99% of the non-OECD
States where tax incentives for the production and use
coal production is accounted for by ten producing
of patent fuels played a role in the increased produc-
countries.
tion of hard coal.
Among the non-OECD countries, China accounts for
OECD-Pacific around 46% of world hard coal production, and as
such it is the largest hard coal producing country. In
Hard coal production in the OECD-Pacific region
2006, its production reached 2481.5 Mt, an increase
increased by 1.6% in 2006, rising from 312.7 Mt to
of 322.6 Mt (14.9%) above its 2005 level. Conse-
317.7 Mt. Coal production in the region is driven by
quently, nearly 78% of the increase in world hard coal
production in Australia, which is the largest hard coal
production is attributable to China.
exporter, and currently produces over 97% of the re-
gion’s hard coal. The increase is attributable mainly to Hard coal production in China has experienced a re-
Australia. Production in New Zealand—a perennial markable recovery since the late 1990s when the gov-
player in international coking coal markets—was up ernment instituted a series of company consolidations
0.5 Mt, a 9.9% increase from its 2005 level. and mine closures. China’s production has more than

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


doubled since 2000, which allows the country to meet
fast growing demand for coal to generate electricity
and steel making. However, as a major coal exporter
China gradually moved from the second largest hard
coal exporter in 2001 to fifth in 2006.
India is the second largest non-OECD hard coal pro-
ducer and third in the world. India hard coal produc-
tion increased by 6.0% from 403.0 Mt to 427.1 Mt
and although it dominates South Asian production, it
is essentially consumed domestically.
South Africa accounts for 98% of Africa’s hard coal
production, which represents 4.6% of world produc-
tion. South Africa is the fifth largest hard coal pro-
ducer and the fourth-ranking coal exporting country in
the world.
Russia is by far the largest producer among FSU
countries. Its production combined with Kazakhstan
and Ukraine represents over 99% of total production
from transition economies. Russia’s production in-
creased by 14.9%, or 233.2 Mt, in 2006.
Indonesia accounts for the vast majority of the pro-
duction in East Asia (70.5%). Indonesia is the seventh
largest hard coal producer with coal production reach-
ing 169.0 Mt in 2006, up 16.8 Mt (11.0%) from its
2005 level. Indonesia is also the second largest coal
exporter worldwide.
Kazakhstan is the second ranking among the FSU
countries in terms of production. The production of
hard coal increased by 10.5% in 2006.
Colombia is the main hard coal producer in Latin
America and has a growing presence on the interna-
tional export market. Its production increased by 7.8%
—from 59.1 Mt to 63.7 Mt, which follows increases
of 7.3% in 2004 and 9.0% in 2005.
The production of hard coal in Ukraine represents
15.9% of the production in the FSU countries, in-
creasing by 2.3% in 2006.
Vietnam coal production increased 16.9% from
32.4 Mt to 37.9 Mt, and is emerging on the export
market.
Although statistics on DPR Korea are not provided by
any official sources, production is thought to have
increased approximately by 1.4% in 2006, from
24.1 Mt to 24.4 Mt.
COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I - I.7
Brown Coal Production
Based upon the most recent study from the German
Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Re-
sources (BGR), the total economic reserves of soft
brown coal are about 207.4 billion tons. Qualities and
thermal values vary considerably between different
deposits. Nevertheless, brown coal (lignite) is an im-
portant source of energy supply.
The supply of brown coal went up 0.9 % in 2006 and
reached 913.8 Mt, approximately back to its 1997
level. Increased supplies in Turkey, Russia and Ro-
mania more than offset decreased supplies in Ger-
many, Greece, Poland and Serbia-Montenegro.
Following its 1989 peak, brown coal production de-
clined steadily until 1999, largely as a result of con-
tractions of demand and supply in central and Eastern
Europe. Production more or less stabilised since
mainly as a result of an increased use for electricity
generation in countries such as Germany, Greece,
Serbia and Montenegro, Romania, India and Canada.
Almost all lignite is mined by opencast operations,
and almost all is used for electricity production in lo-
cal plants, although smaller amounts are used in some
countries for industry and to produce briquettes for
home heating. In several countries, brown coal is used
to generate over half the country’s electricity produc-
tion (Estonia, some former Yugoslav countries, the
Czech Republic and Greece) and in others (Romania,
Poland, Bulgaria, Slovenia, Germany, Australia,
Hungary,) significant shares of electricity production
are fuelled by lignite.
OECD Production
The OECD countries account for 68% of brown coal
production. Although there is some brown coal pro-
duction in the OECD-Pacific region, the largest com-
ponents of OECD supply are centred in OECD-
Europe and OECD-North America.
OECD-North America
In the OECD-North America region, brown coal pro-
duction is centred in the United States and Canada.
Total regional production in 2006 reached 113.0 Mt.
Of that volume, production in the United States repre-
sented 67.6%. Brown coal production in the United
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I.8 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I

States increased by 0.3% from 76.2 Mt to 76.4 Mt.
Canadian brown coal production decreased margin-
ally from 36.8 Mt in 2005 to 36.6 Mt in 2006.
OECD-Pacific
Brown coal production in the OECD-Pacific region
occurs in Australia and New Zealand. The vast major-
ity—well over 99%—is in Australia. Australia brown
coal production grew in 2006 by 0.7% from 70.7 Mt
to 71.2 Mt. New Zealand production reached 251.0 kt
in 2006, which is an increase of 2.0% over the 2005
level of 246.0 kt.
OECD-Europe
Russia is the largest Non-OECD producer with
75.8 Mt reported in 2006, an increase of 2.8% over its
2005 level of 73.7 Mt.
Serbia and Montenegro production, which continues
to recover from the dislocation of war and sanctions
imposed in the late ’90s, decreased by 3.7% from
40.4 Mt to 38.9 Mt.
Conversely, production increased in both Romania
and Bulgaria—rising from 31.1 Mt to 35.0 Mt in the
former and from 24.7 Mt to 25.5 Mt in the latter.
Brown coal production in India declined by 1.0% in
2006, from 30.1 Mt to 29.8 Mt, despite growing needs
for electricity generation.

The OECD-Europe region is the largest brown coal In Thailand, the largest producer in East Asia, pro-
producing geographical aggregate summarised in this duction dropped by 8.6% in 2006 from 20.9 Mt to
study. Production in the region dropped by 0.3% in 19.1 Mt.
2006, from 436.9 Mt to 435.7 Mt. Eight countries in
the OECD Europe region report brown coal produc- Table I.2 Major Brown Coal Producers [Mt]
tion. By far the largest is Germany, which is also the 2004 2005 2006e
top ranked world brown coal producer. Production in Germany 181.9 177.9 176.3
Germany decreased in 2006 by 0.9% from 177.9 Mt United States 75.8 76.2 76.4
Russia 69.2 73.7 75.8
to 176.3 Mt. Australia 68.6 70.7 71.2
Greece 70.0 69.4 65.7
The second tier of OECD-Europe producers has an- Turkey 44.4 56.2 61.6
nual output between 45 Mt and 70 Mt per annum. Poland 61.2 61.6 60.8
Brown coal production in Greece dropped by 5.3% Czech Republic 48.5 48.8 49.1
Serbia and Montenegro 41.1 40.4 38.9
from 69.4 Mt to 65.7 Mt. Brown coal production in Canada 36.7 36.8 36.6
Turkey showed an important increase of 9.6%, from Romania 31.8 31.1 35.0
India 30.3 30.1 29.8
56.2 Mt to 61.6 Mt. This growth in Turkey is due to a Bulgaria 26.5 24.7 25.5
new lignite-fired plant and contrasts with the trend of Thailand 20.1 20.9 19.1
declining brown coal production since 1999. After Estonia 14.0 14.6 14.2
Other 74.2 72.9 77.8
another important increase in 2005, from 44.4 Mt to
Total 894.3 906.0 913.8
56.2 Mt, Turkey reaches the sixth-ranking position
among brown coal producers. In Poland, production See Table 1.4 in Part II for historical data.

decreased by 0.8 Mt (1.3%) from 61.6 Mt to 60.8 Mt,

whereas production in the Czech Republic was up
0.6% from 48.8 Mt to 49.1 Mt.
Other significant brown coal producers in the region
include: Hungary, Spain and the Slovak Republic.
Non-OECD Production
Non-OECD brown coal production reached 293.6 Mt
in 2006, an increase of 2.9% which follows a 1.6%
increase in 2005. By far, the vast majority the of non-
OECD brown coal production occurs in the transition
economies while most of the remaining production
occurs in East Asia and South Asia.
Oil shale production reported in Estonia is counted as
brown coal in IEA statistics. The production de-
creased by 2.7% from 14.6 Mt to 14.2 Mt in 2006.
Coal Resources, Reserves
and Production
Definitions
Quantification of mineable coal is based on a consid-
eration of geological, mining and economic criteria.
The amount of coal in place and in some cases the

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


amount of mineable coal is influenced by national
resource measurement criteria. The basis for computa-
tion of these resources varies from country to country,
and it must be borne in mind that for this reason, di-
rect comparisons are sometimes not possible. During
the 1990s, there was a considerable discussion on the
adoption of internationally recognised standards for
reporting reserves. This largely stems from the re-
quirements of capital markets for improved transpar-
ency in reserve estimation where project financing is
being sought. However, to date there has not been any
adoption of international standards. There are, how-
ever, some generally recognised definitions that can
be applied. For example:
• Resources refer to the amount of coal that may be
present in a deposit or a coalfield. This does not
take into account the feasibility of mining the coal
economically. Not all resources are recoverable us-
ing current technology. Reserves constitute those
resources that are recoverable.
• Reserves may be defined further in terms of
proved (or measured) reserves, and probable (or
indicated) reserves, based on exploration results
and the degree of confidence in those results.
Probable reserves have been estimated with a
lower degree of confidence than proved reserves.
Estimates take account of coalfields’ geological
characteristics, in particular the regularity, thick-
ness and quality of seams, the spacing of explora-
tion boreholes and other exposures, and geological
discontinuities such as faults or folding, all of which
affect the practical recoverability of the coal.
• Proved reserves are those reserves that are not
only confidently considered to be recoverable,
but also can also be recovered economically, un-
der current market conditions. In other words
they take into account what current mining tech-
nology can achieve as well as the economics of
recovery (mining, transportation and other rele-
vant recovery costs such as government royalties,
and coal prices). Proved reserves will therefore
fluctuate according to economic conditions, es-
pecially price. It generally follows that proved re-
serves will decrease when prices are too low for
the coal to be recovered economically, and in-
crease when prices make the coal economically
recoverable.
COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I - I.9
Coal Reserve Estimates
In its most recent study, the German Federal Institute
for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR) esti-
mates the current proved recoverable coal reserves at
935 billion tonnes. This includes anthracite, bitumi-
nous and sub-bituminous coal and lignite. Table I.3
provides a summary of BGR estimates of coal re-
serves and the IEA’s estimates 2006 of coal produc-
tion by regions. If total 2005 proved recoverable re-
serves are divided by total 2006 coal production, the
world coal reserve base represents close to 150 years
of production at current levels. Although it is beyond
the scope of this piece to discuss the various national
classification systems, and the range of definitions of
coal resources and reserves, an overview of the national
classification systems is provided in an Appendix to
Major Coalfields of the World, a publication which
was issued by the IEA Coal Research in June 2000.1
An estimate published by the World Energy Council
(WEC) in 1978 set proved coal reserves at 636.4 billion
tonnes. Thus, world proved coal reserves are 32%
larger, or 298.5 billion tonnes higher than they were
27 years before, even though production from 1978 to
2005 is estimated at 125.8 billion tonnes.
Another estimate published by the WEC on reserves
at end-2002 set proved coal reserves at 909.1 billion
tonnes.
Even though it is difficult to compare the estimates
from two different sources, the increase observed be-
tween the end-2002 coal reserves and the 2005 coal
reserves suggests that, as the prices increased, a part
of the resources was reallocated to reserves as they
became economically recoverable.
Geographic Location of Proved
Coal Reserves
Although coal resources are widely distributed around
the world, proved coal reserves tend to be concen-
trated in the countries which rely on coal for domestic
energy or export revenue. OECD-North America and
the Transition Economy countries controlled 28% and
19% of the proved coal reserves respectively. About
14% of proved reserves are in South Asia and 14% in
China. Thus, more than 75% of proved coal reserves
are concentrated in just four regions.
1. Major Coalfields of the World, IEA Coal Research, London, June 2000.
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
I.10 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I

Table I.3 Proved Recoverable Reserves in 2005 and 2006 Production [Mt]

Region Proved Recoverable Reserves Production

Hard Coal Soft Brown Coal Total Hard Coal Brown Coal Total

OECD Europe 11 681 19 908 31 589 165.0 435.7 600.7

OECD North America 223 468 36 785 260 253 1027.3 113.0 1 140.4
OECD Pacific 73 210 42 494 115 704 317.7 71.5 389.2
OECD Total 308 359 99 187 407 546 1 510.1 620.2 2 130.3
Transition Economies 142 828 35 844 178 672 386.4 217.5 603.8
of which: Russia 97 470 10 450 107 920 233.2 75.8 309.0
China 95 902 18 600 133 167 2 481.5 0.0 2 481.5
South Asia 96 577 37 590 134 167 456.1 29.8 485.9
of which: India 91 631 34 600 126 231 427.1 29.8 456.9
Latin America 17 179 5 618 22 797 72.8 5.7 78.5
of which: Brazil 6 496 5 113 11 609 0.7 5.7 6.4
Africa 56 707 202 56 909 250.6 0.0 250.6
World 727 484 207 393 934 877 5 369.8 913.8 6 283.6

Sources: Reserves - Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR) www.bgr.bund.de

Production - International Energy Agency, Coal Information 2007

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


3. CONSUMPTION
This section reviews consumption of total, hard, steam
and coking coal in 2004, 2005 and 2006.
All 30 OECD Member countries submit their official
historical energy data to the IEA Secretariat in annual
questionnaires. The most recent full questionnaire
collected from each country contained supply and
demand statistics for 2005 and historical revisions. In
addition to submitting full annual questionnaires, the
OECD Member countries submit a “mini-
questionnaire” for the most recent calendar year (in
this case 2006), which provides supply, trade and
stocks statistics for each coal product. Since these
statistics have often not been finalised at the national
level, the OECD data for 2006 should be considered
preliminary—and are labelled in this publication as
estimates.
Tables showing detailed historical time series for se-
lected products, countries and regions appear at the
end of this narrative. Statistics on coal consumption in
the OECD are also reported in detail in Part III of this
book for each OECD country in terms of tonnes of
coal equivalent (in Part III Table 4) and in metric tons
(in Part III Table 6). Only data for the most recent and
selected historical years are shown in tabular form in
the text. Entire historical time series which run from
1960 for most OECD countries are available on a CD-
Rom and also through the IEA website. More infor-
mation on these sources is provided on the internet at
http://www.iea.org.
Readers are referred to Part III of this publication for
end-use statistics for individual OECD member coun-
tries, and the OECD as a whole. Data in Part III Ta-
ble 5 are presented in an energy balance format and
data in Part III Table 6 are presented for the major
end-use categories separately for steam coal, coking
coal and brown coal, in metric tons.
COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I - I.11
In the internationally accepted methodology for re-
porting energy statistics adopted by the IEA, the con-
sumption of coal in individual economic sectors (for
example, in industry or the residential sectors, or in
industry sub-sectors (iron & steel, non-metallic miner-
als)) only includes coal that is finally consumed in that
sector (i.e. “disappears”) and does not include coal
that is transformed into another fuel, such as coke,
blast furnace gas or electricity, even though the trans-
formation may occur as a normal part of operations.
For example, coking coal is used by the steel industry
to produce coke, which is, in turn, used in blast fur-
naces to produce pig-iron. Blast furnace gas formed in
the blast furnace may also be used to produce electric-
ity or heat that is sold to third parties. Moreover, the
steel industry may also buy steam coal or other fuels
and use them to produce electricity.
Information on coal used in the main non-OECD coal
producing, importing and exporting countries up to
2005 (the latest year available) is presented in Part IV
of this book, as well as summary tables on world coal
supply and end-use for the years 1980, 1985, 1990,
1995, 2000 and 2003 to 2005. In addition, the IEA
Secretariat estimates supply and trade statistics for the
most recent calendar year (in this case 2006) using
national contacts, coal industry publications and in-
formation from other international statistical sources.
These data are taken from the IEA databases on the
non-OECD countries, which are published annually in
Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries and Energy
Balances of Non-OECD Countries, after Coal Infor-
mation is submitted for printing and therefore should
be considered as preliminary estimates.
What is meant by the terms Total Coal, Hard Coal,
Brown Coal, Steam Coal and Coking Coal is de-
scribed in Principles and Definitions on page xxxiv.
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
I.12 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I

Table I.4 Total Coal Consumption [Mtce]

Total Coal Consumption (Selected Countries)
2004 2005 2006e
Total coal, discussed in this section, refers to the sum OECD Countries
of hard coal and brown coal, converted to a common United States 783.0 796.8 785.2
energy unit—in this case million tonnes of coal Japan 165.3 159.6 163.7
equivalent (Mtce). Table I.4 shows total coal con- Germany 118.7 113.5 113.7
sumption for selected countries expressed in Mtce. Poland 82.8 83.2 88.2
Australia 71.3 78.3 76.8
Although competitive cost coal resources are rela- Korea 70.9 70.4 75.7
tively abundant world-wide (contributing to coal’s use United Kingdom 52.7 53.2 59.1
in many countries, principally for electricity genera- Canada 40.3 39.9 36.1
tion), about 74% of world consumption of coal is ac- Turkey 31.6 31.7 29.7
Czech Republic 29.8 29.1 28.9
counted for by just five countries—China, the United
Spain 30.9 29.9 26.4
States, India, Japan and Russia. If a second set of five Italy 22.8 22.8 23.2
countries is added to this list—South Africa, Ger- France 19.3 19.9 20.8
many, Poland, Australia and Korea, then close to 84% Mexico 9.2 11.5 12.1
of the world coal consumption is accounted for. Greece 13.0 12.8 12.1
Netherlands 12.4 11.8 11.2
Belgium 8.1 7.2 6.9
OECD Consumption Finland 7.2 4.2 6.8
Denmark 6.2 5.3 6.7
The OECD region accounts for 36.1% of world total
Slovak Republic 6.3 5.9 5.9
coal consumption in 2006. OECD coal consumption is
estimated to be 1 612.9 Mtce, an increase of 0.2% or Non-OECD Countries
2.8 Mtce from the 2005 level of 1 610.1 Mtce. The PR of China 1408.6 1579.3 1853.5
increase in 2006 is comparable to the increase which India 282.4 294.8 316.8
took place last year, and it continues a general pattern Russia 152.1 149.9 171.1
South Africa 134.9 131.3 132.4
of increases which started in 1999, with only a small
Chinese Taipei 53.5 55.6 59.5
decrease in 2001. Ukraine 54.7 53.0 54.2
In the United States, coal consumption is estimated at Kazakhstan 39.0 38.6 44.2
Indonesia 31.8 36.3 34.8
785.2 Mtce in 2006, a 1.5% decrease from the level of
DPR of Korea 24.3 25.7 25.5
consumption in 2005. In the remainder of the OECD- Brazil 18.3 18.1 17.8
North America region—coal consumption increased Thailand 13.3 14.8 14.8
by 5.2% in Mexico from 11.5 Mtce to 12.1 Mtce; and Vietnam 11.9 11.6 12.6
decreased in Canada from 39.9 Mtce in 2005 to Serbia and Montenegro 12.7 12.4 12.0
36.1 Mtce in 2006. Romania 11.7 11.9 11.5
Hongkong 9.4 9.5 10.0
In the OECD-Europe, coal consumption is estimated Malaysia 8.2 8.4 9.1
at 460.4 Mtce in 2006, a 2.1% increase from the level Philippines 7.3 8.6 8.2
of consumption in 2005. Coal consumption increased Bulgaria 10.1 9.8 8.2
in eleven OECD-Europe countries and declined in Israel 10.6 10.9 7.4
Pakistan 6.0 5.8 5.6
twelve. Consumption in the EU countries went up
2.2% from 446.6 Mtce to 456.4 Mtce. European Union 459.1 446.6 456.4
Total IEA 1507.6 1509.3 1506.5
Total coal consumption in OECD-Pacific was Total OECD 1605.8 1610.1 1612.9
319.1 Mtce, up 2.3% from 311.1 Mtce in 2005. Addi- Total Non-OECD 2348.8 2536.4 2855.1
tional consumption is related to increased consump- World 3954.6 4146.5 4468.0
tion in Japan, Korea and New Zealand, whereas con-
sumption decreased in Australia. See Tables 2.1 and 2.4 in Part II for historical data.
The term Total Coal refers to the sum of Hard Coal and Brown Coal
after conversion to a common energy unit (tonne of coal equivalent -
Non-OECD Consumption tce). The conversion is done by multiplying the calorific value of the
coal in question by the total volume of hard and brown coal used,
Total coal consumption in the non-OECD countries measured in physical units, i.e. in tonnes. The energy content of one
tonne of coal equivalent is 29.3 gigajoules (GJ) or 7000 kcal and
jumped by 12.6% from 2 536.4 Mtce to 2 855.1 Mtce. corresponds to 0.7 tonnes of oil equivalent (toe).
The increase is due mainly to China, which maintained Consumption refers to Total Primary Energy Supply.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


its position as the largest coal consuming country in
2006. Coal consumption was up in China (including
Hong Kong) by 17.4% from 1 583.5 Mtce to
1 579.3 Mtce.
Consumption increased in major coal consuming
countries like India, Russia, South Africa, Chinese
Taipei and Ukraine while consumption declined in
Indonesia. Consumption rose by 7.5% in India, 14.1%
in Russia, 0.8% in South Africa, 7.0% in Chinese
Taipei and 2.3% in Ukraine. Coal consumption de-
creased by 4.1% in Indonesia.
Hard coal consumption covers coking coal and steam
coal greater than 18 600 kJ/kg. Countries for which
sub-bituminous coal is included in hard coal are listed
in the box on page xxxiv. Because of special coking
qualities and their higher calorific value, and lower
moisture and ash levels which minimise the transpor-
tation costs of the energy contained in these products,
these coals comprise the vast majority of coal that
moves in international trade, while brown coal is al-
most exclusively for domestic use.
The world hard coal consumption rose an estimated
8.6% in 2006 from 4 914.7 Mt to 5339.1 Mt. The
OECD consumption increased by 0.3% from
1 688.6 Mt to 1 693.3 Mt, while the non-OECD con-
sumption increased 13.0% from 3226.2 Mt to
3645.8 Mt.
Steam Coal Consumption
Steam coal has three main end-uses:
• by far, most steam coal is an input in the power
sector to produce electricity and heat (which is
then sold to third parties, mostly as district heat);
• as a fuel in the final consumption sectors for the
production of heat and/or steam (i.e. in the indus-
try, residential, commercial and public services,
agriculture and transport sectors);
• small amounts are being used as PCI coal (pulver-
ised coal injection) in blast furnaces and as well as
for blending with coking coal.
World steam coal consumption was up 8.3% in 2006,
from 4 280.2 Mt to 4 633.4 Mt. Steam coal consump-
tion in the OECD countries declined by 0.9% in 2006,
from 1 498.8 Mt to 1 485.1 Mt. Viewed on a regional
basis, steam coal consumption decreased by 1.6% in
OECD-North America and by 3.5% in OECD-Pacific,
but increased by 3.6% in OECD-Europe.
COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I - I.13
Non-OECD steam coal consumption was up
sharply—by 13.2%—from 2 781.4 Mt to 3148.3 Mt.
Steam Coal consumption increased in all of the major
consumer countries: it was up 17.2% in China from
1816.5 Mt to 2128.8 Mt, it increased by 8.2% (or
32.2 Mt) in India from 391.9 to 424.2 Mt, and by
1.5% in South Africa from 172.4 Mt to 174.9 Mt in
2006. The increase in Russia’s steam coal demand is
comparable to the increase in China. Steam coal con-
sumption was up 17.6% in Russia and went over the
1995 peak to reach 113.4 Mt in 2006.
Coking Coal Consumption
Coking coal has three main end-uses:
• by far, most coking coal is used as an input for the
production of coke oven coke in coke ovens;
• some coking coal is used as an input in the power
sector to produce electricity and (which is then
sold to third parties, mostly as district heat). In 2005,
this occurred in Germany, Poland and Turkey;
• small amounts are used as a fuel in the final con-
sumption sectors for the production of heat and/
or steam (i.e. in the industry, residential, commercial
and public services, agriculture and transport
sectors).
In addition, coal injected in blast furnaces (PCI) in
Japan is classified as coking coal in this book even
though the coal is, according to the IEA methodology,
steam coal. This reporting convention has been
adopted here in order to be consistent with published
Japanese import statistics where this coal is generally
reported as importation of coking coal.
Coking coal is defined as a hard coal with a quality
that allows the production of coke oven coke suitable
to support a blast furnace charge. Traditionally, cok-
ing coals command a price premium over steam coals
reflecting a higher carbon content. Almost all coking
coal is transformed into coke oven coke in a coke
oven and used in blast furnaces for the production of
pig-iron. Pig-iron is subsequently converted to steel in
an oxygen steel furnace. Hence, consumption of cok-
ing coal and coke oven coke, is derived from the con-
sumption of pig-iron and less directly from the con-
sumption of steel.
New technologies for the production of steel that by-
pass the blast furnace involving the direct reduction of
iron ore are expected to further weaken the relation-
ship between steel and coking coal consumption.
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
I.14 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I
Coking coal consumption in the OECD (Table 2.2)
decreased by 5.1% (10.2 Mt) to 189.7 Mt in 2005.
Estimates by member countries indicate a rebound in
consumption with a 9.8% to 208.2 Mt in 2006.
Despite its recent growth in 2004 and 2006, coking
coal consumption has generally been declining in the
OECD since the mid-1980s. Several factors have
combined to weaken coking coal consumption. First,
to some extent, this is due to the growing use of pul-
verised coal injection (PCI), and to a lesser extent,
heavy fuel oil injection into blast furnaces. Coal used
for PCI is generally of steam coal quality, so steam
coal is displacing coking coal. Second, the steel indus-
tries in the OECD countries are experiencing techno-
logical evolution where traditional integrated steel
production, which relies on coke oven coke, is loosing
ground to electric arc furnace technology which does
not require coke. Third, there has been a general mi-
gration of integrated steel manufacturing from the
OECD to the non-OECD countries.
World consumption of coking coal in 2006 is esti-
mated by the Secretariat to have increased by about
11.2% from 634.5 Mt to 705.7 Mt.
The major coking coal consumers with consumption
over 30 Mt per year Japan, Russia, India, China and
Ukraine accounted for 74.4% of world annual coking
coal consumption in 2006.
Estimates for 2006 (see Table 2.2) for the OECD
countries are submitted by member countries while
data for the non-OECD countries are estimated by the
Secretariat based on many official and unofficial reli-
able sources.
Coke Oven Coke Production and
Consumption
Coke Oven Coke is produced in coke ovens from cok-
ing coal that may be sourced from a single coal mine
or produced from a blend of coking coals sourced
from different coal mines. In some cases, non-coking
coals (referred to as soft or semi-soft coking coals)
can be included in the blend to make coking coal, and
hence a coke, of a particular quality.
Most coke ovens are located at iron and steel plants;
other coke oven plants are at coal mines or at town
gas plants. Although coke oven coke is mainly con-
sumed in the iron and steel industry in blast furnaces
for the production of pig-iron it is also used in
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
foundries, as coke breeze in sinter production, as well
as in coke ovens themselves to support coke oven
coke production.
In 2006, it is estimated that 134.3 Mt of coke oven
coke was produced and 139.7 Mt of coke oven coke
was consumed in the OECD countries (Tables 1.5 and
2.5 in Part II). Production increased by 6.3% from
126.3 Mt in 2005 to 134.3 Mt in 2006, while con-
sumption was up 6.2% from 131.5 Mt in 2005 to
139.7 Mt in 2006 (Tables 1.5 and 2.5). More strict
environmental controls in the OECD countries, cou-
pled with ageing coke plants, could lead to plant clo-
sures, thus increasing imports and world trade in coke.
Lack of domestic coking capacity in the United States
and other OECD Europe countries could also be off-
set by higher pulverised coal injection rates in future
years.
Coals for Pulverised Coal
Injection (PCI)
The steel industry is a major consumer of coal for use
in the production of pig-iron in blast furnaces. The
choice of coals for use in steel-making has been a
prime concern of the industry, particularly in Japan
with the expansion of the steel industry in the 1960s
and following the oil price shocks which led to the
significant substitution of heavy fuel oil by coal in
some blast furnaces.
Improvements were made world-wide in coal blend-
ing technology, coking technology and coke applica-
tion technology for blast furnaces, and in the late
1970s, semi-soft coking coal and non-coking coal
were partly used for the first time.
In the second half of the 1980s, pulverised coal injec-
tion—a technology for injecting coal directly into the
blast furnace to provide the chemical reaction agents
necessary to convert iron ore to pig-iron—became
more widespread. Coal used in this way, as PCI, pro-
vides important economic benefits to the steel-maker;
it lowers the quantity of coke required to produce
pig-iron (one tonne of PCI coal replaces about
1.4 tonnes of coking coal) and thereby prolongs the
life of coke ovens by reducing the amount of coke
required to be produced. This is important because
many coke ovens are reaching the end of their useful
life and significant investment is required to replace or
to maintain them, which often involves additional
costs to meet stringent environmental standards.
 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I - I.15

Table I.5 PCI Used in Blast Furnaces with the Japanese practice of including imports of PCI
(major consumers in thousand tonnes)
coal with coking coal). This approach to coal classifi-
2004 2005 cation for statistical reporting purposes recognises that
Japan 5551 5620 PCI and other similar coals are also blended with cok-
Korea 5001 5481 ing coal to form a coal that is still suitable for coke
Germany 2641 2770
France 2103 2166 making.
Netherlands 1406 1472
United States 1733 1284
However, it should be noted that Member countries
Italy 955 1154 are not consistent in reporting steam and coking coal
United Kingdom 819 983 import and export statistics to the IEA Secretariat be-
Spain 405 493 cause PCI coals are included in coking coal data by
Belgium 591 479
Sweden 423 417 some countries and in steam coal by others. For this
Slovakia 385 377 reason it is difficult to compare steam and coking coal
India 2059 2161 supply in some large users of PCI or to match import
Colombia 231 233
data with export data for the same partner countries
Total 25100 25852 for steam and coking.
See Table 5.4 in Part II for other countries and historical data.
As imports and exports data for PCI coal are not
World totals are Secretariat estimates. Includes granular coal
injection for some countries. available separately, the IEA Secretariat is not able to
“correct” trade data reported by Member countries to
The performance of PCI technology depends on the ensure that the series of steam and coking coal trade
quality and consistency of the pulverised coal used in and supply are consistent.
the blast furnace. In terms of volatility, a wide range
PCI coal is classified as steam coal in the statistics of
of coals—from anthracite to high volatile—are util-
the following countries: France, Luxembourg and
ised. Indicative qualities for PCI coal (air dried) are as
Turkey, whereas PCI coal is classified as a coking
follows: below 7% ash; below 10% total moisture,
coal by the following countries: Australia, Belgium,
low alkalis and low phosphorus.
Germany, Italy, Japan, United Kingdom and the
It should be noted that in IEA statistics of coal con- United States. Data on PCI consumption are available
sumption, PCI is classified by the IEA Secretariat as a from 1990 (Table 5.4). PCI consumption statistics
steam coal (as most PCI coal is generally of a steam suggest that PCI consumption worldwide is increasing
coal quality and not coking coal quality) for most as steel industries in the Non-OECD countries refine
countries. (For Japan, PCI consumption is reported in their steel making technology and add new processes
this book as a coking coal in order to be consistent such as carbon injection.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I - I.17

4. TRADE
Russia’s exports of hard coal increased by 17.0%,
Hard Coal Trade from 78.7 Mt in 2005 to 92.1 Mt in 2006, thus rema-
ing the world’s third largest hard coal exporter.
World hard coal trade rose by 2.7% or 21.5 Mt in South African exports dropped by 5.8% or 4.2 Mt to
2006. Trade is now estimated at 814.8 Mt in 2006 68.8 Mt in 2006, but still the country became the
compared to 793.3 Mt in 2005. world’s fourth largest exporter, closely followed by
China whose exports went down for the third con-
Table I.6 World Hard Coal Trade [Mt] secutive year by 11.8% to 63.3 Mt.
2005 2006e Growth (%)
Colombia coal exports showed a 7.6% increase reach-
World 793.3 814.8 2.7%
ing 59.7 Mt in 2006 and remained the sixth-ranking
Asia - Pacific 402.0 418.2 4.0%
Europe 281.2 290.7 9.6%
coal exporter.
Africa + Middle East 19.6 18.0 -8.2% United States exports dropped by 0.4% to 44.9 Mt in
North America 47.4 51.6 9.2%
2006 and maintained its seventh-ranking position behind
Latin America 18.3 19.3 5.5%
Balancing Item 24.7 17.0 NA Colombia. Canadian coal exports decreased by 2.8%, or
0.8 Mt, to 27.4 Mt, but Canada is remaining the eighth
Note: There is some uncertainty in the regional breakdown of
trade because of the balancing item in Part II, Table 3.2 in has largest coal exporter. Kazakhstan maintaines its ninth-
not been allocated to the regions. The convention adopted in this ranking position with exports increasing by 2% from
book is that world trade in coal is considered equal to the sum of
the exports of all countries. Because total world imports do not 25.2 Mt to 25.7 Mt. After a significant drop of Polish
equal total world exports for the same period (as trade is not hard coal exports in 2006, Kazakhstan is now just
instantaneous) a balancing item has been introduced in Part II,
Tables 3.2, 3.3 and 3.4. As a consequence the sum of imports of ahead of Vietnam, whose exports also increased by
coal by region will not coincide with world trade. 25% to 22.5 Mt in 2006.

Table I.7 Major Hard Coal Exporters [Mt]

Detailed statistics on imports and exports by origin
and destination for the OECD countries are presented 2004 2005 2006e
in Part III. Detailed coal trade statistics for the main Australia 218.4 231.3 231.3
Indonesia 96.1 109.9 129.3
non-OECD countries are presented in Part IV of this
Russia 65.2 78.7 92.1
book. South Africa 66.4 73.0 68.8
PR of China 86.6 71.8 63.3
Australia remains the world's leading coal exporter
Colombia 51.7 55.5 59.7
with total hard coal exports reaching 231.3 Mt in United States 43.4 45.1 44.9
2006, the same amount as in the previous year. Canada 25.7 28.2 27.4
Kazakhstan 22.0 25.2 25.7
Indonesia continues to show strong exports growth Vietnam 12.2 18.0 22.5
with an increase of 17.7% or 19.4 Mt to reach Other 57.2 56.8 49.8
129.3 Mt in 2006 and as such remains the second Total(1) 747.4 793.3 814.8
largest hard coal exporter in the world. (1) See note (1) on Table I.8

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

I.18 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I

Table I.8 Major Hard Coal Importers [Mt] Table I.9 World Seaborne Hard Coal Trade [Mt]
2004 2005 2006e 2005 2006e Growth (%)
Japan 180.8 174.7 177.9 Steam Coal 501.1 524.8 4.7%
Korea 79.0 76.8 79.7 Coking Coal 209.2 203.9 -2.5%
Chinese Taipei 60.6 60.4 63.5
Total 710.2 728.7 2.6%
United Kingdom 36.2 44.0 51.3
Germany 39.5 37.1 41.3
India 28.5 38.6 40.5 Seaborne hard coal trade since 1983 has increased at
PR of China 18.6 26.2 37.5
United States 24.6 27.5 32.7 an average rate of 5.5% per annum. The strongest
Russia 22.3 22.4 25.8 component of growth has been steam coal trade,
Italy 24.7 24.2 24.6 which has increased at an average annual rate of
Spain 24.5 24.8 23.7
France 19.5 19.9 20.4 nearly 7.6%. The average annual growth rate of
Netherlands 22.6 20.4 17.8 seaborne coking coal trade is about 2.7%.
Brazil 14.1 13.7 13.4
Turkey 16.4 17.4 13.2
Other 162.6 161.1 155.8
Methodology for Estimating Seaborne Coal Trade
Total(1) 774.5 789.2 819.1
Seaborne coal trade is estimated by adding the volume of
(1) Rounding, differences between coal types (coking and steam) exports from all countries with the following exceptions.
and assignment of source and destination “non-specified” coal
results in some discrepancies between Table 3.2, and Tables 3.14 Hard coal, steam and coking coal are calculated similarly:
and 3.16 in Part II. Statistics for hard coal exports and imports Belgium exclude neighbouring countries
presented in these tables are shown for selected countries with Canada exclude to the United States
historic data in Part II, Tables 3.5, 3.7, 3.14 and 3.16.
China exclude to DRP Korea
Colombia exclude to Venezuela
Coal exports from all other countries increased by Czech Republic exclude to continental Europe
6.7% from 59.6 Mt to 55.4 Mt in 2006. A bulk of France exclude neighbouring countries
these exports originated in Poland, Venezuela, the Germany exclude neighbouring countries
Czech Republic, Ukraine, Norway and India. It should India exclude neighbouring countries
DRP Korea exclude to China
be noted that exports from the Netherlands and Bel-
Netherlands exclude neighbouring countries
gium effectively consist of re-exported volumes. Poland exclude one third of all exports to
Although final data for coal imports does not allow Germany and all exports to Austria,
Bulgaria, the Czech Republic,
for allocation of all reported coal exports to countries Hungary, Romania, the Slovak
world-wide, preliminary estimates indicate that total Republic, former Soviet Union and
world hard coal imports which can be allocated were former Yugoslavia
about 819.1 Mt in 2006, a 3.8% increase over 2005 Slovak Republic exclude to continental Europe
imports of 789.2 Mt. South Africa exclude neighbouring countries
Former Yugoslavia exclude intra-republic trade Republics
The top five ranking coal importing countries in 2006 United States exclude to Canada, Mexico
are, in order: Japan, the Republic of Korea, Chinese Former Soviet exclude all exports to Austria,
Union Republics the Czech Republic, Hungary,
Taipei, the United Kingdom and Germany. Hard coal
Poland and the Slovak Republic and
imports increased in the top ten ranking importing exclude intra - Soviet Union trade
countries. Venezuela exclude to Colombia
Zimbabwe exclude neighbouring countries
except Mozambique
Seaborne Coal Trade
The methodology used to estimate seaborne trade is In 2006, the growth of seaborne steam coal trade was
described in the accompanying box. 4.7%, which is a volume increase of 23.7 Mt. Drop of
seaborne coking coal trade was 2.5%, which is a vol-
World seaborne coal trade is 728.7 Mt in 2006, of
ume decrease of 5.3 Mt.
which 524.8 Mt was steam coal and 203.9 Mt was
coking coal. Seaborne trade is up by 2.6% or 18.5 Mt The breakdown between coking and steam coal statis-
compared to 2005. This marks the eighth consecutive tics in world coal trade is affected by the practice of
year of growth for seaborne hard coal trade. The an- some countries, e.g. Australia that includes some steam
nual volume of world and seaborne trade since 1983 coal (soft or semi-soft coking coal, used for blending or
are shown in Part II, Table 3.1. as PCI) in their coking coal statistics. Some countries,

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


e.g. Japan (See Box on Japanese coal trade classifica-
tion) also report such coals as coking coal imports but
other countries include this trade in their steam coal
import statistics. This results in a discrepancy between
reported world imports and exports of coking and steam
coal. As the use of PCI and blended coal increases, and
unless countries adopt a standard reporting system for
coal trade, this statistical problem will render data on
steam and coking coal trade increasingly misleading. A
standard reporting of PCI coal using a classification
based on coal quality rather then on coal end-use would
be a major improvement.
A Note on Japanese Coal Trade Classification
In the official Japanese trade statistics collected by the Min-
istry of Finance (MOF), imported coal is initially classified
according to its inherent properties, then allocated to either
the category steam or coking coal.
Bituminous coal with not more than 8% ash (on an air-dried
basis) is always classified as a coking coal. Sub-bituminous
coal, irrespective of its ash content, is classified as a steam
coal. Bituminous coal with more than 8% ash can be classi-
fied as either a steam or coking coal, according to the judge-
ment at the discharge port.
In practice, this means for example, that Kaltim Prima coal
(classified as a steam coal in Indonesian export statistics) is
always classified as a coking coal by MOF, despite its pos-
sible use as a power station fuel.
On the other hand METI (the Japanese Agency that submits
trade data to the IEA) collects import data from coal users
and classifies coal on the basis of its Free Swelling Index
(FSI) and percent Volatile content as follows:
FSI Volatile content Classification
greater than 1 Less than or equal to 14 coking coal
greater than 1 Less than or equal to 23 coking coal
others Others Steam coal
Overland Coal Trade
Coal traded overland internationally was about
86.1 Mt, and represented 10.6% of total international
trade. Overland trade increased by 3.0 Mt, or 3.6% in
2006.
This trade consists primarily of trade between the
United States and Canada, trade between countries
within continental Europe and the former Soviet Un-
ion and trade between the successor republics of the
former Soviet Union. In North America, most coal is
transported to the Great Lakes via railroad from pro-
ducing regions in the Appalachian and Rocky Moun-
tains, and taken by water-borne carriers (“lakers”) to
COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I - I.19
the final point of consumption. Trade between the US
and Mexico is also primarily by rail. The main inland
transportation method for overland transport in
Europe is by rail; however, a significant amount of
coal moves by inland waterway as well. Inland inter-
national coal trade in the former Soviet Union consists
of primarily rail shipments of coal from Kazakhstan,
Russia and Ukraine to each other, and to other former
members of the Soviet Union.
Steam Coal Trade
Total world steam coal exports rose by 27.6 Mt or
4.9% in 2006 to reach 592.6 Mt (Part II, Table 3.3).
In terms of tonnage volume, exports from Australia,
Indonesia, Russia, Colombia, Kazakhstan, Vietnam
and the United States rose in 2006 whereas South Af-
rica, China and Poland experienced declining steam
coal exports.
In 2006, Australia remained the largest steam coal
exporter with 18.7% of world exports. Indonesia, Rus-
sia and South Africa followed with respective shares
of 17.5%, 13.8% and 11.4% of steam coal exports.
In 2006, steam coal imports in the Asia-Pacific mar-
ket decreased by 0.6%, or 1.6 Mt, to reach 285.8 Mt.
Asia-Pacific imports represent about 50% of total
world steam coal trade in 2006. Consumption growth
in the Asia-Pacific market has underpinned interna-
tional steam coal trade in the recent past.
Japan remained, by far, the world's largest single mar-
ket for seaborne steam coal, receiving 105.0 Mt in
2006, which represented a decline of 13.1 Mt, or
11.1%. Other major recipients in the region were Ko-
rea (59.6 Mt), Chinese Taipei (57.5 Mt), China
(28.8 Mt), India (21.9 Mt), Hong Kong (11.4 Mt) and
Malaysia (11.3 Mt).
In 2006, the major steam coal suppliers to this Asia-
Pacific market were Indonesia, Australia, China and
Russia.
Steam coal exports to the European market were
224.6 Mt in 2006, 5.2 Mt, or 2.4% higher than in
2005. This market represents 38% of 2006 total world
steam coal trade.
Within the region, the major European importers were
the United Kingdom (44.4 Mt), Germany (32.7 Mt),
Russia (25.8 Mt), Spain (20.1 Mt), Italy (18.6 Mt),
France (14.4 Mt) and the Netherlands (14.2 Mt).
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
I.20 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I

Table I.10 Major Steam Coal Exporters [Mt] Table I.12 World Steam Coal Trade [Mt]
2005 2006e
2005 2006e Growth
Australia 106.4 110.8 (%)
Indonesia (1) 90.9 104.0
Russia 66.5 81.7 World 565.0 592.6 4.9%
South Africa (1) 71.9 67.7 Asia - Pacific 287.6 285.8 -0.6%
Colombia (1) 55.3 59.7 Europe 219.4 224.6 2.4%
PR of China 65.7 58.9 North America 41.6 45.8 10.1%
Kazakhstan 25.2 25.7 Africa + Middle East 14.8 13.7 -7.4%
Vietnam 18.0 22.5 Latin America 7.3 6.3 -13.7%
United States 19.1 19.9 Balancing Item -5.6 16.3 NA
Poland 16.2 13.1
Other 29.8 28.6 Note: Uncertainty in the regional breakdown of trade exists be-
cause the balancing item in Part II, Table 3.3, is not allocated to
Total(1) 549.4 592.6
the regions. Due to the practice of some OECD countries classi-
(1) Due to the practice of some OECD countries classifying fying steam quality coal as coking coal imports, export statistics
steam quality coal as coking coal imports, export statistics in this in this table have been adjusted to reflect this practice and are
table have been ‘adjusted’ to reflect this practice, and are con- inconsistent with data in Part II, Tables 3.19 and 3.21.
sistent with data in Part II, Table 3.3, but inconsistent with data in
Tables 3.19 and 3.21.

Table I.11 Major Steam Coal Importers [Mt] Coking Coal Trade
2005 2006e
Total world coking coal trade decreased by 2.6% from
Japan 118.1 105.0
Korea 56.1 59.6 228.2 Mt to 221.8 Mt in 2006.
Chinese Taipei 55.2 57.5
United Kingdom 37.4 44.4 Australia remained, by far, the largest exporter at
Germany 30.0 32.7 120.5 Mt, with exports down by 4.4 Mt compared to the
United States 25.9 31.2 previous year. Indonesia became the second-ranking
PR of China 19.0 28.8
Russia 21.5 25.8 coking coal exporter and increased volume by 6.4 Mt
India 21.7 21.9 from 18.9 Mt to 25.3 Mt. The third-ranking United
Spain 21.2 20.1 States experienced a 1.1 Mt decrease to reach 24.9 Mt.
Italy 18.4 18.6
France 13.7 14.4
Netherlands 15.4 14.2
The remaining market was divided among Canada,
Hong Kong 10.8 11.4 Russia, the Czech Republic, China, Poland, New Zea-
Malaysia 10.5 11.3 land and South Africa.
Other 113.4 105.7
Total(1) 588.3 602.6 Indonesia, South Africa and Colombia supply coals
(1) Rounding, differences between coal types (coking and steam) which have marginal coking characteristics, but they
and assignment of source and destination “non-specified” coal are classified as coking coals in Table I.13 and Ta-
results in some discrepancies between Table 3.3 and Tables
3.19 and 3.21 in Part II. Statistics for steam coal imports pre-
ble I.14 since they are used in coking coal blends or
sented in this table are shown for selected countries with historic for pulverised coal injection (PCI) by importing coun-
data in Part II, Tables 3.10 and 3.12. tries that classify them as coking coals.
The 2006 main steam coal suppliers to this market Table I.13 World Coking Coal Trade [Mt]
were Russia, South Africa, Kazakhstan, Colombia,
Indonesia, Poland and Australia. 2005 2006e Growth
(%)
In North America steam coal shipments increased by World 228.2 222.2 -2.6%
10.1%, from 41.6 to 45.8 Mt in 2006. Total North Asia - Pacific 114.5 132.4 15.6%
American steam coal imports were up by 4.2 Mt. Europe 61.8 66.4 7.4%
Latin America 11.0 13.4 21.8%
The largest supplier to the North American market is North America 5.8 5.8 0.0%
Colombia, ahead of Australia, the United States and Africa + Middle East 4.4 3.9 -11.4%
Balancing Item 30.3 0.6 NA
Indonesia.
Note: Uncertainty exists in the regional trade breakdown be-
In 2006, 6.3 Mt of steam coal were imported to Latin cause the balancing item in Part II, Table 3.4 is not allocated to
American countries, a decrease of 13.7% over 2005. the regions. Due to the practice of some OECD countries classi-
fying steam quality coal as coking coal imports, export statistics
The largest suppliers to Latin America are Colombia, in this table have been adjusted to reflect this practice and are
Indonesia, Australia, South Africa and Russia. inconsistent with data in Part II, Tables 3.18 and 3.20.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I - I.21

Table I.14 Major Coking Coal Exporters [Mt] 2006 was Australia, with nearly 70% of supply, fol-
2005 2006e lowed by Indonesia, Canada, China and Russia.
Australia 124.9 120.5 Coking coal trade to the European market was
Indonesia (1) 18.9 25.3 66.4 Mt in 2006, which is 7.4% higher than in 2005.
United States 26.0 24.9 This market accounts for about 30% of the world cok-
Canada 26.7 24.6
Russia 12.1 10.4 ing coal exports.
Czech Republic 3.2 4.6
PR of China 6.1 4.4
Within the region, the major importers are Germany
Poland 3.2 3.6 (8.6 Mt), the United Kingdom (6.9 Mt), Ukraine
New Zealand 2.3 2.7 (6.4 Mt), France (6.0 Mt), Italy (6.0 Mt), Turkey
South Africa 1.1 1.1 (5.0 Mt) and the Netherlands (3.7 Mt). Spain, Bel-
Other 3.1 0.1
gium, the Slovak Republic, Sweden, Romania and
Total(1)(2) 228.2 222.2 Austria were the other coking coal exports recipients
(1) Due to the practice of some OECD countries classifying located in this region.
steam quality coal as coking coal imports, export statistics in this
table have been ‘adjusted’ to reflect this practice, and are con- The main coking coal suppliers to this market in 2006
sistent with data in Table 3.4, but inconsistent with data in Part II, were Australia, the United States, Russia and Canada.
Tables 3.18 and 3.20.
These four countries controlled 83.4% of the market.
Significant quantities are also supplied by the Czech
Table I.15 Major Coking Coal Importers [Mt] Republic (4.5 Mt) and Poland (4.1 Mt).
2005 2006e
Within North America a majority of coking coal trade
Japan 56.6 72.9 is between Canada and the United States. About
Korea 20.6 20.1
5.8 Mt of coking coal was traded in the region in
India 16.9 18.6
Brazil 13.7 13.4 2006.
PR of China 7.2 8.7
Germany 7.2 8.6
In 2006, Latin America showed a net trade of 13.0 Mt
United Kingdom 6.6 6.9 of coking coal. Brazil was the main importer of cok-
Ukraine 6.9 6.4 ing coal, while Chile and Argentina also reported
Chinese Taipei 5.2 6.0
small import volumes. The main suppliers to this re-
France 6.2 6.0
Italy 5.8 6.0 gional market are Australia, the United States and
Turkey 4.9 5.0 Canada. These three countries control 87% of the
Canada 4.2 4.3 Latin American export coking coal market. South Af-
Netherlands 5.0 3.7
Spain 3.6 3.6
rica also shipped some metallurgical grade coal to this
Other 30.3 26.4 market in 2006.
Total(2) 200.9 216.6

(2) Rounding, differences between coal types (coking and steam)
and assignment of source and destination “non-specified” coal
results in some discrepancies between Table 3.4, and Tables
3.18 and 3.20 in Part II. Statistics for coking coal imports pre-
sented in this table are shown for selected countries with historic
data in Tables 3.9 and 3.11.
Coking coal exports to Asia-Pacific are estimated to
have reached 132.4 Mt in 2006. Within the region,
Japan accounts for 55.1% of the market in 2006; and
remains the world’s largest single market for seaborne
coking coal. In 2006, exports to Japan reached
72.9 Mt.
Other major importers in the region were Korea
(20.1 Mt), India (18.6 Mt) and China (8.7 Mt). The
major coking coal supplier to this regional market in
Coke Oven Coke Trade
The OECD countries’ imports of coke oven coke de-
creased by 2.7% (0.5 Mt) to 18.0 Mt in 2006 (Ta-
ble 3.13). The United States, Germany, France, Japan
and Austria were the five major OECD coke import-
ers in 2006, accounting for 63.5% of coke imports.
The United States alone accounted for 20.5% of the
OECD coke imports in 2006.
Coke exports from the OECD countries were about
14.1 Mt in 2006, an increase of 25.3% over the 2005
level (Table 3.22). Poland, Japan, the United States,
Spain and the Czech Republic were the top five export-
ers in 2006 accounting for 83% of coke exports.

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I.22 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I
Coke statistics for the non-OECD countries are
available for 2005. Although coke imports and ex-
ports both declined, the non-OECD countries, as a
region, remained a net exporter with imports of
8.1 Mt and exports of 16.7 Mt in 2005. Within the
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
non-OECD countries, China (12.8 Mt) and Russia
(2.9 Mt) where the main exporters while India
(2.6 Mt), and Brazil (1.7 Mt) were the main import-
ers. On its own, China accounted for 45.3% of world
coke exports.
 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I - I.23

5. PRICES
This section provides analyses of customs unit values and by customs unit values, showed a drop of 2.3% from
end-user prices reported by OECD Member countries: the level of $64.85/t in 2005. This follows a strong
increase of 17.2% in 2005 (from the level of $55.34/t
• Customs unit values are average values derived from
in 2004).
customs’ administrations total volume and total value
data. These data indicate broad price movements as The average cost of steam coal imported into Japan
they are averages of all qualities of coal without re- was $63.33/t, an increase of 1% in 2006 from the av-
gard to the end-use of the coal or to the contract terms erage price level of $62.73/t in 2005. This contrasts
and conditions under which the trade occurs. with a strong increase of 21.9% in 2005 from the
• End-user prices are those paid by end-users in the 2004 level of $51.48/t.
power sector and in industry; and are reported by
Member countries in a quarterly reporting system The cost of steam coal imported into the European
which the IEA’s Standing Group on Long Term Union averaged $69.80/t, decreasing 2.1% in 2006
Co-operation initiated in 1981. Data received are from the average price of $71.27/t in 2005. This con-
published in the IEA quarterly publication Energy trasts with an increase of 15.1% in 2005 from the
Prices and Taxes. 2004 level of $61.91/t.
Unless otherwise stated, prices are reported in US Table I.16 Steam Coal: Import Unit Values CIF
dollars in the year specified (i.e. current US dollars). [US$/t]
Annual FOB, CIF and coal end-user prices for up to OECD Japan EU
twenty three years are presented in Tables at the end
2004 55.34 51.48 61.91
of this narrative; only the most recent representative 2005 64.85 62.73 71.27
prices are shown in tabular form in the text. 2006 63.38 63.33 69.80
In addition to the official price statistics presented, Change 2004 to 2005 17.2% 21.9% 15.1%
Change 2005 to 2006 -2.3% 1.0% -2.1%
coal price statistics published in the industry press are
used to summarize short term spot steam coal price See Tables 4.3 and 4.4 for previous years for Japan and EU.
trends. Although not “official” in that they are not
provided by member countries, there is a high correla-
tion between prices published by the industry press Export Unit Values
and national coal price statistics. Export unit values reflect the price of coal at the point
of exiting a producing country; thus, the price in-
cludes the transportation cost of moving the coal from
International Steam Coal the producing mine to the point of exit; however, it
Prices excludes the international transportation cost. Export
unit values summarised in the table below, and de-
tailed in Table 4.5 are “free on board” (FOB) for Aus-
Customs Unit Values tralia, Columbia, Indonesia and South Africa; and
“free at shipside” (FAS) for the United States. The
Steam Coal Import Unit Values value in FOB countries includes the cost of loading at
The estimated cost of steam coal imported by the the port of exit, while it is excluded in the data for the
OECD countries averaged $63.38/t in 2006, measured United States.

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I.24 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I
Table I.17 Steam Coal: Export Unit Values
(FOB/FAS) [US$/t]
Average to all markets
Australia Indonesia Colombia South Africa
FOB FOB FOB FOB
2004 37.65 38.00 59.55 32.94
2005 48.86 44.50 51.89 46.21
2006 47.05 47.25 51.92 45.78
Change
04 to 05 29.8% 17.1% -12.9% 40.3%
05 to 06 -3.7% 6.2% 0.1% -0.9%
See Table 4.5 for previous years.
Average FOB and FAS export unit value (in US
dollars) for Australia, South Africa and the United
States dropped in 2006 by 1% to 17% after increases
between 24% and 40% in 2005.
Comparison to Oil Import Values
In some OECD Member countries, steam coal com-
petes directly with heavy and crude oil in the power
generation sector. It is therefore appropriate to com-
pare imported steam coal and selected imported oil
prices. OECD imported oil and coal costs are summa-
rised in Figure 1 on page I.27. In 2006, the average
import cost of steam coal decreased by 2.2% from
$72.40/tce to $70.75/tce. In comparison the average
import cost of crude oil increased by 22.1% from
$254/tce to $310/tce. The Rotterdam average spot
price of heavy fuel oil (3.5% sulphur) was 25.3%
higher in 2006 at $208/tce than the $166/tce average
in 2005, a less impressive growth compared with an
increase of 50.9% in 2005 from the 2004 level of
$110/tce. In 2005, the OECD average imported coal
cost rose by 17.3% from a level of $61.69/tce in 2004,
while the average import cost of crude oil increased
by 39.3%.
In terms of cost per unit of energy, crude oil was 4.4
times, and high sulphur fuel oil was 2.9 times more
expensive respectively than the cost of energy sup-
plied with steam coal in 2006.
Comparison of Import and Export Unit
Values
Figure 2 on page I.27 summarises long term trends for
Japanese and European Union import unit values and
Australian, Colombian, and South African export unit
values. The intent is to show the average difference
between export and import values for the three major
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
coal exporters and the two major coal importing re-
gions. The difference theoretically relates to average
international transport costs.
US
FAS The chart illustrates that import values and export val-
53.93
ues tend to fluctuate in tandem—suggesting that, over
67.09 the long run, international transportation rates remain
55.66 relatively constant. It also shows the sharp increase in
FOB unit values from major exporters, along with
24.4% corresponding rises in CIF import values in the key
-17.0%
Japanese and EU markets, beginning in the late sum-
mer of 2003. Regional variations of import values are
influenced by seaborne transportation rates as well as
differences in underlying coal qualities and costs.
Spot Steam Coal Prices
Figure 3 and Figure 4 summarise movements in aver-
age monthly spot coal prices in two coal consuming
regions and two coal producing countries. The price
statistics are estimated by The McCloskey Coal Group
Ltd and published in McCloskey’s Coal Report on a
fortnightly basis. The estimates are based upon sur-
veys of actual spot transactions in the importing and
exporting regions. Though there are not official IEA
statistics, these prices are shown here to illustrate short-
term and more recent steam coal price movements.
The trend illustrated by Figure 3 indicates a surge in
CIF (imported) steam coal prices, beginning in late
2003 and culminating in July 2004. After that date,
prices gradually declined to reach 2003 year’s end
levels by the end of 2005. Since then they have gradu-
ally increased to near their mid-2004 peak.
Driven by increased consumption and stagnant supply
growth in the Atlantic market (EU and East/Gulf
Coast North America), South Africa steam coal export
prices showed a gradual upward pattern even in early
2003. After fluctuating in a narrow range in the fourth
quarter of 2002 and the first quarter of 2003, steam
coal prices surveyed at Richards Bay started a three-
fold increase and peaked by June 2004. However,
prices went down during the next three quarters to
resume the level of early 2004 by February 2005. De-
spite a short period of increases, Richards Bay export
prices declined during the second half of 2005 to then
increase significantly between November 2005 and
March 2006, reaching its highest level since February
2004. During the first quarter of 2007, Richards Bay
export prices showed some relative stability.
Although prices at Newcastle, Australia began rising
somewhat later in 2003, they surged even more
strongly in the fourth quarter of 2003. The surveys of
 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I - I.25

Newcastle prices suggest and increase of 275% be- States. Thus, the value in Australia includes the cost
tween April 2003 and June 2004. As in Richards Bay, of loading at the port of exit, while it is excluded in
prices in Newcastle fell during the second half of the data for the United States.
2004, were fairly stable until July 2005 before falling
and rising again, so that by May 2006 they were Table I.18 Coking Coal: Import Unit Values (CIF)
roughly at the level of May 2005. After a decrease [US$/t]
between July and November 2006, Newcastle prices
Japan EU
resumed to similar levels as to the second quarter of
2004 61.40 78.12
2006. 2005 88.80 109.61
2006 93.10 125.86
Figure 3 shows that delivered coal prices (CIF) ex-
perienced similar patterns of growth in 2003 and 2004 Change 2004 to 2005 44.6% 40.3%
than FOB port prices. Delivered coal prices also ex- Change 2005 to 2006 4.8% 14.8%
perienced a decline until the last quarter of 2005. De- See Tables 4.1 and 4.2 for previous years.
livered spot steam coal prices into the Northwest
Europe then initiated an upward trend until June 2007,
reaching a peak almost equal to the peak in December In 2005, coking coal export unit values increased for
2004. In the Asian market, prices increased constantly Australia and the United States respectively by 82.1%
until reaching the historical peak of July 2004. and 28.2% to $88.94/t and $89.91/t, from the respec-
tive levels of $48.84/t and $70.14/t in 2004.
Export prices continued to rise in 2006, reflecting a
still tight supply and demand market situation where Coking coal export unit values increased for Australia
coal consumption growth remained strong. Consump- and the United States again in 2006. The value was up
tion growth was particularly strong in the non-OECD 10.5% for Australia to $98.27/t while for the United
countries such as China, India, and Russia. China’s States, the increase reflected more continuity in re-
strong growth in domestic consumption led to a sec- spect to 2005, going up 24.2% to $111.72/t. This re-
ond year of strong reduction in Chinese coal exports. flects an extended coking coal supply restraint in the
face of a strong and growing global steel consumption.
The US dollar depreciation also had an indirect im-
pact on reported US dollar denominated prices, to
Table I.19 Coking Coal: Export Unit Values
compensate for the appreciation of local currencies. (FOB/FAS) [US$/t]
Currency movements had also an influence on trans-
port rates. Australia US
2004 48.84 70.14
2005 88.94 89.91
2006 98.27 111.72
International Coking Coal
Change 2004 to 2005 82.1% 28.2%
Prices Change 2005 to 2006 10.5% 24.3%
See Table 4.6 for previous years.
Customs Unit Values
Coking coal CIF prices increased significantly in
In Japan, average customs unit values for coking coal
2006, as they also included the added impact of rises
imports increased slightly after two consecutive years
in shipping rates.
of increases by more than 40%: the customs unit val-
ues surged by 44.6% in 2005, from $61.40/t to
$88.80/t, and increased by 4.8% in 2006 to $93.10/t
(Table I.18). End-User Prices
In the EU, the average customs unit values increased
Data on coal prices paid by end-users in the power
in 2005 by 40.3%, from $78.12/t to $109.61/t, and by
sector and in industry are reported to the OECD by
14.8% in 2006 to $125.86/t.
Member countries in a quarterly reporting system
Export unit values summarised in Table 1.19, and de- which the IEA’s Standing Group on Long Term
tailed in Table 4.6, are “free on board” (FOB) for Co-operation initiated in 1981. Data received are pub-
Australia and “free at shipside” (FAS) for the United lished in the IEA quarterly publication Energy Prices and

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

I.26 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I
Taxes. Data presented in US dollars in Tables 4.7, 4.8
and 4.9 have been sourced from this publication.
In Part III, Table 13, where it has been reported,
prices of coal used in the power sector and by industry
are shown in both national currencies and in US dol-
lars on a tonne of coal equivalent basis.
It should be stressed that definitions for prices shown
for a particular energy source in a given sector may
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
differ substantially from country to country. Although
the Secretariat aims to report data that is comparable
between countries, users are advised to carefully refer
to the general and country-specific notes in the IEA
publication, Energy Prices and Taxes, for details of
sources and data coverage.
End-user prices for some non-OECD countries are
collected by the IEA Secretariat and are also pub-
lished quarterly in Energy Prices and Taxes.
 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I - I.27

Figure 1: OECD International Trade Values for Steam Coal and Oil
(US$/tce)

350

300

250

200

150

100

50

0
1Q 5

1Q 6

1Q 7

1Q 8

1Q 9

1Q 0

1Q 1

1Q 2

1Q 3

1Q 4

1Q 5

1Q 6

1Q 7

1Q 8

1Q 9

1Q 0

1Q 1

1Q 2

1Q 3

1Q 4

1Q 5

1Q 6
07
8

0
19

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20
1Q

Crude Oil (OECD CIF import cost) Steam Coal (OECD CIF import cost) Heavy Fuel Oil (Spot Rotterdam)

Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices and Taxes.

Notes: Spot prices for heavy fuel oil are not directly comparable to customs unit values for steam coal. They are, however, closely
correlated with average CIF crude oil prices, which are, by definition comparable to customs unit values for steam coal. As a conse-
quence, it is not unreasonable to compare customs unit values for steam coal with spot prices of heavy fuel oil. Steam coal and crude
oil are IEA average and CIF import values. Steam coal excludes intra-EU trade. Heavy fuel oil is Rotterdam spot market value, 3.5%
sulphur.

Figure 2: Steam Coal Import and Export Value Comparison

(US$/t)

80

70

60

50

40

30

20
84

85

86

87

88

89

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

00

01

02

03

04

05

06
19

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

Japan CIF EU Member States CIF Australia FOB South Africa FOB Colombia FOB

Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices and Taxes.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

I.28 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I

Figure 3: Delivered Steam Coal Prices in Europe and Asia (US$/t CIF)

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
D 93

D 00

07
O 2

O 9

O 6
M 92

N 6

M 99

N 03

M 06
M 1

Se 9 5

Ju 6

M 8

Se 0 2

Ju 3

M 5
Au 91

Ja 7
Au 98

04

Au 05
Ju 3

Ap 5

Ju 0

Ap 2
Fe 4

Fe 1
9

0
9

r9

0
9
9

0
l9

l0
ay

ay

ay
ar

ar

ar
r
g

g
ct

ct

ct
n

n
n

n
n
ov

ov
b

b
p

p
ec

ec
Ja

Ja
McCloskey Northwest Europe CIF McCloskey Asian CIF

Source: The McCloskey Coal Group Ltd, McCloskey’s Coal Report

Figure 4: FOB Port Steam Coal Prices in South Africa and Australia (US$/t FOB)

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
Se 97

Se 98

Se 99

Se 00

Se 01

Se 02

Se 03

Se 04

Se 05

Se 06

07
M 97

M 98

M 99

M 00

M 01

M 02

M 03

M 04

M 05

M 06

M 07
Ja 97

Ja 98

Ja 99

Ja 00

Ja 01

Ja 02

Ja 03

Ja 04

Ja 05

Ja 06
ay

ay

ay

ay

ay

ay

ay

ay

ay

ay

ay
n

n
p

p
Ja

South Africa (Richards Bay) Australia (Newcastle)

Source: The McCloskey Coal Group Ltd, McCloskey’s Coal Report

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I - I.29

6. CO2 EMISSIONS (2004)

World CO2 emissions from fossil fuels increased by
88.7% between 1971 and 2004, going from 14.1 Gt in
1971 to 20.8 Gt in 1990 and 26.6 Gt in 2004. Over the
same period, coal-related emissions increased by
104% from 5.2 Gt in 1971 to 8.1 Gt in 1990 and
10.6 Gt in 2004, then accounting for 40.0% of CO2
emissions from fossil fuels and becoming the first
source of world CO2 emissions ahead of oil and
onward. The non-OECD countries more than doubled
their coal-related emissions from 2.1 Gt in 1971 to
6.3 Gt in 2004, whereas the increase in the OECD
was of 37% from 3.1 Gt in 1971 to 4.3 Gt in 2004.
Figure 5: World CO2 Emissions by Fuel
12

natural gas. 10

The yearly growth in the emissions from fossil fuels 8

averaged 2.0% between 1971 and 1990 while it aver-
Gt CO2

6
aged 1.8% between 1990 and 2004. This lower pace
of growth after 1990 is in part related to the collapse 4
of the formerly centrally-planned economies of Central 2
and Eastern Europe, which led to a rapid decline in in-
efficient industrial sectors and restructuring of these 0
1971 1974 1977 1980 1983 1986 1989 1992 1995 1998 2001 2004
economies. Other important factors include the use of
more efficient technologies and renewable energy Coal Oil Gas Other
sources. While emissions increased on average by
1.2% between 1990 and 2000, they rose much quicker Source: IEA/OECD CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion
between 2000 and 2004, at an average pace of 3.2%,
being driven by coal use in China.
OECD emissions from fossil fuels increased from Figure 6: World CO2 Emissions by Region
9.4 Gt in 1971 to 11.1 Gt in 1990 and 12.9 Gt in
30
2004, which represents average annual growth rates of
0.9% between 1971 and 1990 and 1.1% between 1990 25
and 2004. As a result, the share of the OECD coun-
20 46%
tries in total world CO2 emissions declined from 66%
Gt CO2

in 1971 to 53% in 1990 and 51% in 2004. Conversely, 15

44%
3%
the share of the non-OECD countries in total world 30% 3%
CO2 emissions rose from 30% in 1971 to 44% in 1990 10 4%

and 46% in 2004, while the share of aviation and ma- 5 66% 53%
51%

rine bunkers (which cannot be attributed to a region)

remained stable around 3%. 0
1971 1990 2004
The increase in coal-related emissions was bigger in OECD Bunkers Non OECD
the non-OECD countries, which became responsible
for the majority of coal-related emissions from 1992 Source: IEA/OECD CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

I.30 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I

Figure 7: OECD CO2 Emissions by Fuel - Shares Figure 8: Coal-related CO2 Emissions by Region

60% 12

50% 10

40% 8
59%

Gt CO2
30% 6 49%

20% 4 40%

10% 2 51% 41%

60%
0%
0
1971 1974 1977 1980 1983 1986 1989 1992 1995 1998 2001 2004
1971 1990 2004

Coal Oil Natural Gas Other OECD Non OECD

Source: IEA/OECD CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion Source: IEA/OECD CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion

CO2 emissions have been clearly linked to economic
growth. They have also been influenced by changes in
international energy prices. Oil is still the largest con-
tributor to world emissions, even though the upward
trend was interrupted by the oil shocks of 1974 and
1979. Following the decline in oil prices after 1985,
growth in emissions was mitigated because consum-
ing countries adopted more energy-efficient technolo-
gies and behaviour, and some fuel switching. Oil, as the
main contributor to OECD emissions, generated 44%
of the CO2 emissions in 2004. As the OECD countries
started diversifying their energy consumption after the
two oil shocks, the share of oil in the CO2 emissions
gradually declined and fell below the 50% line in 1980.
Coal is the second source of CO2 emissions within the
OECD: between 1971 and 1985, coal was used as the
half between 1971 and 2004, falling from 1.2 Gt in
1971 to 0.7 Gt in 2004. As a result, the electricity and
heat generation share of world coal-related CO2 emis-
sions increased from 46% in 1971 to 72% in 2004,
whereas the share of manufacturing industries and
construction fell from 31% in 1971 to 22% in 2004.
The decline in the share of other emissions was
stronger, falling from 23% to 6% over the period.
Figure 9: World Coal-related CO2 Emissions
by Sector
12
10 6%
22%
8
15%
Gt CO2

main substitute to oil and its share increased, espe- 6 26%

cially between 1978 and 1985, from its lowest point 23%
4 72%
(31%) to its highest point (39%). After 1985, the 31%
2 59%
share of coal declined regularly and by 2004 essen- 46%
tially returned to its 1971 level (34%). 0
1971 1990 2004
World coal-related CO2 emissions due to electricity
Other*
and heat generation more than tripled between 1971 Manufacturing Industries and Construction
and 2004, from 2.4 Gt in 1971 to 7.6 Gt in 2004. Dur- Electricity and Heat Production
ing the same period, emissions due to manufacturing * Other includes residential, transport, commercial/public
industries and construction increased by 47.3%, from services, agriculture, other enrgy industries and non-specified
h
1.6 Gt in 1971 to 2.3 Gt in 2004. Emissions due to the
other sectors (including transport) were almost cut by Source: IEA/OECD CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


7. COAL-TO-LIQUIDS: AN ALTERNATIVE OIL
SUPPLY?
The “Coal-to-Liquids, an Alternative Oil Supply?”
workshop was organized by the IEA Coal Industry
Advisory Board (CIAB) in November 2006. The
workshop report was coordinated by Brian Ricketts of
the Energy Diversification Division of the Office for
Long-Term Co-operation and Policy Analysis and the
following extract is provided to acquaint the readers
of Coal Information with other ongoing coal-related
policy work at the IEA. Various studies, along with
other information on the Coal Industry Advisory
Board (CIAB) activities can be viewed on the web-
sites of the CIAB (www.ciab.org.uk) and the IEA
(www.iea.org/ciab). The views expressed are not nec-
essarily shared by member governments of the IEA.
Historical Background
Oil supply security and price concerns have led to a
renewed interest in coal as an alternative feedstock for
the production of transport fuels and chemicals. By
using coal conversion technologies, such as coal-to-
liquids (CTL), the world’s vast coal resources could
become an important alternative to crude oil.
CTL refers to both coal gasification, combined with
Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) synthesis to produce liquid
fuels, and the less developed direct coal liquefaction
technologies. Coal gasification is applied widely in
the production of chemicals and fertilisers, notably in
China where 8000 coal gasifiers are operating.
Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, first developed in Ger-
many in the early 20th century, has been further de-
veloped and improved in South Africa by Sasol.
In the past, CTL has substituted for imported oil: dur-
ing the 1930s and 1940s, when coal-rich Germany
COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I - I.31
needed a secure source of transport fuels; and, since
the 1950s in South Africa, where 40 million tonnes of
coal per year are still converted into 160000 barrels
per day (b/d) of crude oil equivalent. Following the oil
price shocks of the 1970s, significant coal liquefaction
R&D was undertaken in the USA, Europe, Japan and
Australia, although much of this development work
was subsequently put on hold as oil prices stabilised
from the mid-1980s and through the 1990s.
Today, with the return of high oil prices, China is
constructing a 60000 b/d CTL plant and, with plans
for further projects, aims to produce one million bar-
rels per day (mb/d) by 2020. In the USA, some incen-
tives have been introduced for coalbased transport
fuels and coal companies are now assessing the com-
mercial viability of new projects in order to make
greater use of the country’s vast coal resource.
Technical Background
Coal may be used to produce liquid fuels suitable for
transportation applications by removing carbon or
adding hydrogen, either directly or indirectly. The
process of removing carbon is usually known as car-
bonisation or pyrolysis and has low yields; the proc-
ess of adding hydrogen is called liquefaction. As the
cost of converting coal into useful liquid fuels is
higher than the cost of refining crude oil, it is the rela-
tively low price of the raw coal feedstock that pro-
vides the main incentive to pursue CTL technology.
Direct liquefaction is potentially the most efficient
route currently available, yielding in excess of 70% by
weight of the dry, ash-free coal feed, under favorable
conditions. Although many different direct processes
exist, common features include the dissolution of a
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
I.32 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I
high proportion of the coal in a solvent at an elevated
temperature and pressure followed by catalyzed hy-
drocracking of the dissolved coal with hydrogen gas.
The overall energy efficiencies of the very best mod-
ern processes generally range from 60 to 70%, and
this technology has been demonstrated at large pilot
plants. Although no commercial plants yet exist, Shen-
hua Group’s first CTL facility is under construction in
China which will use direct liquefaction technology.
The less efficient, but commercially proven, indirect
liquefaction process relies on the gasification of coal
to produce synthesis gas (a mixture of carbon monox-
ide and hydrogen), which is then reacted over a cata-
lyst at temperature and pressure to produce the desired
liquid products. It is this indirect process, using well-
established Fischer-Tropsch synthesis that has been
commercialized by Sasol in South Africa and will be
used in several new projects proposed in China. For a
modern plant, overall energy efficiency is typically
higher than 40%.
Summary
For the workshop “Coal-to-Liquids, an Alternative
Oil Supply?”, coal industry leaders from IEA member
countries joined their counterparts from South Africa,
China, Russia and Poland to discuss developments in
a field that has generated renewed attention because
of recent high oil prices and concerns over the secu-
rity of energy supplies. Coal-to-liquids (CTL) has a
long history in South Africa and Sasol now converts
40 million tonnes of raw coal per year to produce
160000 barrels per day (b/d) of crude oil equivalent
using the commercially-proven indirect liquefaction
process. In the USA, companies are moving ahead
with projects that seek to reduce the country’s de-
pendence on imported oil, encouraged by a variety of
Federal and state government incentives. However, it
is in China where new projects are being developed in
earnest, with a major construction project underway in
Inner Mongolia. This plant, using newly-developed
direct liquefaction technology and scheduled for
commissioning in 2008, will produce one million ton-
nes of oil products each year (20 000 b/d) with a
planned increase of 100000 b/d. Dr. Zhang Yuzhuo,
Chairman of China Shenhua Coal Liquefaction Cor-
poration, explained that this project formed one com-
ponent of a strategy that would limit oil imports to
below 50% of China’s demand by 2020 when direct
and indirect coal liquefaction plants are expected to
meet 0-15% of the forecast of 450 million tonnes
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
(9 million b/d) in terms of annual oil demand. The
global abundance of coal means that CTL could play
an important future role, especially if greater experi-
ence leads to improved economics. However, as in
other energy sectors, the scarcity of capital and skills
was considered to be a major hurdle. NGOs, industri-
alists and policy advisors were all agreed that using
coal as an alternative to oil for producing transport
fuels will require carbon dioxide capture and storage
(CCS), if significant increases in carbon dioxide
(CO2) emissions are to be avoided. In OECD coun-
tries, the need for CCS was taken as a given by pro-
ject developers. In China, it is not a priority, but par-
ticipants at the workshop heard a clear willingness to
apply the technology if some way could be found to
cover the economic cost. The CIAB will consider this
challenge over the coming year within the broader
context of how clean coal technologies can be more
widely deployed.
The workshop emphasized the potential contribution
of CTL toward security of energy supply, economic
development and environmental protection. It has
been agreed that the transport sector was too depend-
ent upon oil, so the IEA needed to understand the po-
tential for alternatives, including biofuels, coal-to-
liquids, gastoliquids and biomass-to-liquids, not to
replace oil, but as part of a diverse mix. However,
would CTL be cost effective enough to contribute to
economic growth? It can be noted with concen that
CTL may add to pollution and CO2 emissions, unless
abatement measures are taken (e.g. CO2 capture and
storage). With the coal industry enjoying stronger de-
mand growth than previously expected, it also raises
the questions about the sustainability of this growth.
Among other subjects, there has been a session on
CTL projects in China. During one of the sessions,
Dr. Zhang Yuzhuo, Chairman of China Shenhua Coal
Liquefaction Corporation and Vice President of
Shenhua Group Corporation Ltd, talked about China’s
needs to develop CTL technologies and about Shen-
hua’s project plans related to CTL.
CTL Projects in China
Shenhua Group is constructing the first process train
of USD 3 billion, 60000 b/d (3.2 mtpa), direct coal
liquefaction plant at Ordos in the Inner Mongolia
Autonomous Region, with a planned expansion to 5
mtpa. The company plans further CTL projects, in-
cluding two plants in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Re-
gion (each 60-80 000 b/d) and a USD 5 billion, 80000

b/d plant in Shaanxi Province, which are progressing
using well-proven, indirect liquefaction technologies
from Sasol and Shell. China aims to produce 50 mtoe
annually by 2020, from 200 million tonnes of coal. In
response, Yankuang Group has two coal-to-chemicals
plants under construction at Yulin in Shaanxi Prov-
ince, one Fischer-Tropsch plant and one based on
methanol synthesis, Xinao Group has funding for a
major dimethyl ether (DME) project in Inner Mongo-
lia, and Lu’an Group has a small CTL project at
Tunliu, Shaanxi Province. Many other proposals for
polygeneration plants, producing electricity, hydro-
gen, liquid fuels and chemicals, are also under consid-
eration, although China’s National Development and
Reform Commission set new capital thresholds in July
2006, thus limiting future development to projects of
more than 3 mtpa.
China’s Development
Strategy for Coal-to-Liquids
Industry
Why does China need to develop CTL? In the previ-
ous 7-8 years, the Chinese economy had doubled and
oil supply was now a critical issue. Having been a net
oil importer since 1993, China’s oil import depend-
ence could reach 60%-62% by 2020. China’s energy
resources are relatively small, given the size of its
population. Coal accounts for almost 90% of China’s
total proven energy reserves, but less than 60% of its
remaining exploitable resource, whilst oil accounts for
only 2.8% of proven reserves and 3.4% of exploitable
resources.
Turning to energy consumption patterns, China was
much more dependent on coal than other countries,
almost 70% of total demand, and less dependent on
oil. The use of coal increased since 2000 to 2.1 billion
tonnes per annum, underpinning economic growth,
but contributing to severe pollution problems. It is
believed that CTL could add value to western
China’s, low-cost coal resources by supplying afford-
able energy and allowing easier transport of smaller
volumes of higher value products. He noted that the
rail system was already overloaded with coal move-
ments which accounted for over 40% of all rail freight
in China. With an annual production of 220 Mt, Shen-
shua Group is China’s largest coal producer. It also
owns 13 GW of coal-fired power plants, 1500 km of
railways and two ports with a combined capacity of
80 mtpa.
COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I - I.33
Shenhua’s CTL and coal-to-chemicals developments
were in full progress, strongly supported by the
Group’s other activities. Shenhua had adopted three
process routes: direct and indirect coal liquefaction
(DCL and IDCL) to produce oil products, and the
methanol intermediate route to produce olefins that
typically have been derived from oil in China. The
Shenhua DCL process uses a new, highly-efficient,
synthetic catalyst developed in China which has very
high activation and low cost. More than 90% of the
coal in terms of weight is converted, and oil yield
reaches 57% on a dry, ashfree basis. The process has
been proven on a 6 t/d Process Development Unit
(PDU) in Shanghai, operational since May 2004 with
support from Japanese, German and US equipment
suppliers.
Shenhua’s commercial-scale DCL demonstration pro-
ject will produce a little over 25000 b/d (1.1 mtoe per
year). This first demonstration process train was in-
tended to eliminate any technical risks with the re-
maining trains of the first and second phases. The first
plant was 68% complete with two reactors already
lifted and installed on site, including the world’s larg-
est single reactor (2 250 tonnes). Ground breaking
took place on 25 August 2004, pre-commissioning is
scheduled during 2007, with final commissioning, test
run and start-up in 2008. Speaking of Shenhua’s
IDCL projects, the company is working with Sasol
and Shell on the feasibility of CTL projects at two
locations in western China to produce fuels (naphtha
and diesel) and chemicals (oxygenates). In addition,
three parallel IDCL projects are underway in China,
one of which is run by Shenhua – a 4 000 b/d (170
000 toe per year) demonstration plant. ZHANG stated
that Shenhua would construct more CTL plants, one
after the other, in Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi, Ningxia,
Xinjiang and elsewhere such that, by 2020, produc-
tion capacity of oil products would reach 30 mtpa.
The integrated development of DCL and IDCL is part
of Shenhua’s plan. With respect to environmental per-
formance, it has been reported that Shenhua’s mine
mouth CTL plants made use of GE technology to
eliminate waste water discharges – residues would be
used as fuel for power generation, the cement industry
would take all ash, and a market exists for sulphur.
In addition, the potential to capture and store CO2 at
an abandoned mine was being investigated in a pro-
ject with the US DOE. The third coal conversion
route being exploited by Shenhua is coal-to-olefins
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
I.34 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I
via coal gasification, methanol synthesis and methanol
dehydration using mature processes: methanol-
topropylene (MTP) developed by Lurgi and methanol-
to-olefins (MTO) developed by UOP and the Dalian
Institute of Chemistry and Physics at the China Acad-
emy of Sciences. A rapid construction programme
was underway and that, in the next 2-3 years, total
methanol production would reach 10 mtpa from a
number of plants such as the MTP project at Ningxia
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
Coal Area that converts 4.7 mtpa of coal, firstly into
1.8 mtpa of methanol and than into 600 ktpa of poly-
propylene (PP) and other chemicals using the tech-
nology of the Institut Français du Pétrole (IFP) li-
censed from Lurgi.
More information regarding coal-to-liquids can be found
on the websites of the CIAB (www.ciab.org.uk) and the
IEA (www.iea.org/ciab).
 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.1

PART II

WORLD COAL OVERVIEW

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.3

1. PRODUCTION

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.5

Table 1.1 World Hard Coal Production(1)

(thousand tonnes)

1973 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e
(2)
Australia 55483 72389 117504 158572 191055 239429 273237 274854 285854 304856 309400
Austria - - - - 1 - - - - - -
Belgium(2) 10362 8018 7666 2357 637 375 173 129 181 109 28
Canada 12337 20173 34310 37673 38617 33804 29715 26590 29261 28586 26334
Czech Republic 27780 27721 26401 22415 17738 14855 14467 13645 15579 13254 13747
France 26350 20190 17055 11199 8495 3804 1920 2234 872 617 452
Germany 104407 94492 88849 76553 58858 37376 29209 28753 29151 28018 23762
Hungary 1186 883 592 169 - - - - - - -
Ireland 64 60 57 25 1 - - - - - -
Italy - - - 58 - - 163 250 98 95 70
Japan 25090 18027 16381 7979 6317 2964 - - - - -
Korea 13571 18625 22543 17217 5720 4150 3318 3298 3191 2832 2824
Mexico(2) 2578 3089 5193 6933 9320 11344 10984 9599 9882 10755 11487
Netherlands 1829 - 101 - - - - - - - -
New Zealand(2) 2325 1930 2279 2424 3214 3643 4241 4928 4916 5021 5516
Norway 415 288 507 303 292 632 2132 2944 2904 1471 2350
Poland 156630 193121 191642 147736 137166 103331 103705 102874 101230 97904 95221
Portugal(2) 221 177 237 281 - - - - - - -
Spain 9991 12838 16091 14612 13497 11317 9752 9406 8911 8548 8353
Sweden 12 18 13 11 - - - - - - -
Turkey 4642 3598 3605 2745 2248 2392 2319 2059 1946 2170 3234
United Kingdom 131985 130097 94111 92762 53037 31198 29989 28279 25096 20498 17767
United States(2) 530064 710178 735935 853647 858627 893972 917911 893928 943343 962440 989522
IEA Total 958114 1139702 1184237 1301002 1258354 1279911 1318546 1291297 1351303 1378515 1403359
OECD Total 1117322 1335912 1381072 1455671 1404840 1394586 1433235 1403770 1462415 1487174 1510067
Algeria 333 3 23 - - - - - - - -
Botswana - - 437 794 898 948 955 824 897 967 936
Dem. Rep. of Congo 130 138 121 126 93 96 101 104 107 120 112
Egypt - - - - - 58 37 37 33 33 24
Morocco 565 680 775 526 650 31 - - - - -
Mozambique 394 207 35 40 38 24 44 37 17 22 56
Nigeria 327 176 140 90 20 3 43 23 3 8 -
South Africa 62352 115120 173500 174800 206211 224199 220213 238751 242821 244986 244364
U. Rep. of Tanzania - 1 15 4 44 79 79 55 65 75 68
Zambia 940 570 511 377 152 194 213 223 233 244 169
Zimbabwe 2806 2768 3104 5345 4693 4260 3959 3547 3398 3622 3748
Other Africa 160 196 317 332 344 554 543 538 566 595 1100
Argentina 451 390 400 276 305 259 46 89 51 25 164
Brazil 1015 1748 1661 637 240 159 203 171 341 528 662
Chile 1374 1125 1291 2184 1038 366 433 576 188 544 800
Colombia 2834 4164 8766 21375 25651 38242 40096 50481 54184 59064 63700
Peru 33 41 127 97 51 17 22 16 22 43 16
Venezuela 50 42 40 2189 4064 7885 7369 6807 6748 7195 7459

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

II.6 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II

Table 1.1 World Hard Coal Production(1) (continued)

(thousand tonnes)

1973 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e
India 76588 111000 150468 211184 268280 311428 337819 358385 382037 403029 427132
Indonesia 149 304 2000 10486 41145 76604 103372 115278 132352 152204 168963
DPR of Korea 23198 34106 40000 35693 23700 22500 21900 22300 22800 24060 24406
Malaysia - - - 100 121 346 319 153 344 682 654
Mongolia - - 480 595 1290 70 78 78 95 105 105
Myanmar 10 11 43 40 12 468 450 802 839 993 354
Nepal - - - - 6 17 12 11 11 11 12
Pakistan 1143 1569 2238 2745 3638 3095 3312 3275 4587 4872 5035
Philippines 39 325 1261 1243 1287 1351 1662 1837 2479 2877 2356
Chinese Taipei 3327 2574 1858 472 235 83 - - - - -
Thailand - - - - 5 - - - - - -
Vietnam 2990 5200 5594 4638 8350 11609 15900 16700 25500 32396 37899
Other Asia 117 511 151 1103 904 1040 1202 1216 1262 1306 723
PR of China 417000 620150 837272 1050734 1343004 1231232 1397899 1670192 1955986 2158908 2481468
Bulgaria 351 267 223 143 194 118 129 87 33 9 23
Romania 7172 8060 8657 4446 359 281 13 10 - - -
Croatia x x x 156 75 - - - - - -
Serbia and Montenegro x x x 137 55 88 70 54 72 95 141
Former Yugoslavia 576 388 400 x x x x x x x x
Georgia x x x 1103 34 7 6 8 8 5 -
Kazakhstan x x x 128000 80754 74886 71000 80807 83065 82788 91547
Kyrgyzstan x x x 1495 183 104 108 49 49 49 46
Russia x x x 237514 162411 152538 163546 177435 189758 202913 233200
Tajikistan x x x 475 14 9 27 32 53 85 -
Ukraine x x x 139729 69986 61601 60794 63742 59129 59997 61433
Uzbekistan x x x 200 74 69 - - - - -
Former USSR 510600 553000 569000 x x x x x x x x
Islam. Rep. of Iran 903 925 1106 835 1084 1246 1229 1204 1220 1330 857

Non-OECD Total 1117927 1465759 1812014 2042458 2251692 2228164 2455203 2815934 3171353 3446785 3859732
World 2235249 2801671 3193086 3498129 3656532 3622750 3888438 4219704 4633768 4933959 5369799
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries , IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries
(1) Hard coal represents higher grade coal and includes coking coal, anthracite and bituminous coal.
(1) For further information, see Principles and Definitions.
(2) Includes sub-bituminous coal.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.7

Table 1.2 World Coking Coal Production

(thousand tonnes)

1978 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Australia 40273 42743 55933 65008 79703 104434 108592 113017 117849 129328 131900
Belgium 3805 4036 3484 - - - - - - - -
Canada 13780 14151 24371 27660 28624 28164 25756 24077 25509 26613 24475
Czech Republic 18553 17403 16465 14383 10824 8136 7649 7865 7316 7136 7739
France 4664 4114 3388 1821 439 - - - - - -
Germany 52239 56036 51401 44577 31686 18862 17961 17274 16635 15171 13113
Hungary 861 883 592 169 - - - - - - -
Japan 8659 6943 3921 - - - - - - - -
Mexico 3085 3089 3713 2963 1645 2214 1746 1626 1735 1792 1914
New Zealand 11 173 319 578 1553 1644 2122 2250 2468 2446 2766
Norway 227 160 174 - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - 28714 17222 15876 16147 16525 14071 14571
Spain 1800 1333 907 279 - - - - - - -
Turkey 2964 2435 2247 1824 929 735 746 689 664 648 930
United Kingdom 15110 10050 2608 1600 599 255 373 373 352 274 266
United States 92201 117716 89463 93259 77166 54287 38789 40005 44222 46444 44599
IEA Total 255147 278176 255273 251158 231523 216517 201988 205550 215015 228060 225788
OECD Total 258232 281265 258986 254121 261882 235953 219610 223323 233275 243923 242273
Algeria - 3 23 - - - - - - - -
South Africa 9718 10605 11142 9308 3860 1460 1305 1206 1247 1640 1636
United Republic of Tanzania - - - 1 1 - - - - - -
Zimbabwe 946 991 269 612 621 813 755 676 648 691 715
Brazil 1317 1545 1407 499 106 15 98 59 214 210 180
Colombia 705 716 745 775 681 587 508 507 525 514 554
India 13938 18055 25847 36088 28803 22088 21810 21781 24478 21916 23227
Indonesia - - 103 286 1767 4114 7416 15096 15212 18850 25347
DPR of Korea 3415 3836 2500 2543 - - - - - - -
PR of China 52604 68222 68370 85657 148015 123969 149039 166029 225697 280648 322579
Bulgaria - - - - - - 35 36 - - -
Romania 2134 1828 3825 1482 349 13 13 10 - - -
Georgia x x x 574 - - - - - - -
Kazakhstan x x x 29983 12756 10687 9589 11040 11018 10981 12143
Russia x x x 85458 55645 51035 52257 56551 61143 55505 63790
Tajikistan x x x - 7 - - - - - -
Ukraine x x x 62283 25783 27844 27523 26344 26179 23156 23710
Former USSR 139250 143534 134985 x x x x x x x x

Non-OECD Total 224705 250177 250222 316309 279308 243535 271306 300252 367171 415041 474480
World 482937 531442 509208 570430 541190 479488 490916 523575 600446 658964 716753
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries , IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

II.8 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II

Table 1.3 World Steam Coal Production(1)

(thousand tonnes)

1973 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e
(2)
Australia 55483 29646 61571 93564 111352 134995 164645 161837 168005 175528 177500
Austria - - - - 1 - - - - - -
Belgium(2) 10362 3982 4182 2357 637 375 173 129 181 109 28
Canada 12337 6022 9939 10013 9993 5640 3959 2513 3752 1973 1859
Czech Republic 27780 10318 9936 8032 6914 6719 6818 5780 8263 6118 6008
France 26350 16076 13667 9378 8056 3804 1920 2234 872 617 452
Germany 104407 38456 37448 31976 27172 18514 11248 11479 12516 12847 10649
Hungary 1186 - - - - - - - - - -
Ireland 64 60 57 25 1 - - - - - -
Italy - - - 58 - - 163 250 98 95 70
Japan 25090 11084 12460 7979 6317 2964 - - - - -
Korea 13571 18625 22543 17217 5720 4150 3318 3298 3191 2832 2824
Mexico(2) 2578 - 1480 3970 7675 9130 9238 7973 8147 8963 9573
Netherlands 1829 - 101 - - - - - - - -
New Zealand(2) 2325 1757 1960 1846 1661 1999 2119 2678 2448 2575 2750
Norway 415 128 333 303 292 632 2132 2944 2904 1471 2350
Poland 156630 193121 191642 147736 108452 86109 87829 86727 84705 83833 80650
Portugal(2) 221 177 237 281 - - - - - - -
Spain 9991 11505 15184 14333 13497 11317 9752 9406 8911 8548 8353
Sweden 12 18 13 11 - - - - - - -
Turkey 4642 1163 1358 921 1319 1657 1573 1370 1282 1522 2304
United Kingdom 131985 120047 91503 91162 52438 30943 29616 27906 24744 20224 17501
United States(2) 530064 592462 646472 760388 781461 839685 879122 853923 899121 915996 944923
IEA Total 958114 861526 928964 1049844 1026831 1063394 1116558 1085747 1136288 1150455 1177571
OECD Total 1117322 1054647 1122086 1201550 1142958 1158633 1213625 1180447 1229140 1243251 1267794
Algeria 333 - - - - - - - - - -
Botswana - - 437 794 898 948 955 824 897 967 936
Dem. Rep. of Congo 130 138 121 126 93 96 101 104 107 120 112
Egypt - - - - - 58 37 37 33 33 24
Morocco 565 680 775 526 650 31 - - - - -
Mozambique 394 207 35 40 38 24 44 37 17 22 56
Nigeria 327 176 140 90 20 3 43 23 3 8 -
South Africa 62352 104515 162358 165492 202351 222739 218908 237545 241574 243346 242728
U. Rep. of Tanzania - 1 15 3 43 79 79 55 65 75 68
Zambia 940 570 511 377 152 194 213 223 233 244 169
Zimbabwe 2806 1777 2835 4733 4072 3447 3204 2871 2750 2931 3033
Other Africa 160 196 317 332 344 554 543 538 566 595 1100
Argentina 451 390 400 276 305 259 46 89 51 25 164
Brazil 1015 203 254 138 134 144 105 112 127 318 482
Chile 1374 1125 1291 2184 1038 366 433 576 188 544 800
Colombia 2834 3448 8021 20600 24970 37655 39588 49974 53659 58550 63146
Peru 33 41 127 97 51 17 22 16 22 43 16
Venezuela 50 42 40 2189 4064 7885 7369 6807 6748 7195 7459

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.9

Table 1.3 World Steam Coal Production(1) (continued)

(thousand tonnes)

1973 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e
India 76588 92945 124621 175096 239477 289340 316009 336604 357559 381113 403905
Indonesia 149 304 1897 10200 39378 72490 95956 100182 117140 133354 143616
DPR of Korea 23198 30270 37500 33150 23700 22500 21900 22300 22800 24060 24406
Malaysia - - - 100 121 346 319 153 344 682 654
Mongolia - - 480 595 1290 70 78 78 95 105 105
Myanmar 10 11 43 40 12 468 450 802 839 993 354
Nepal - - - - 6 17 12 11 11 11 12
Pakistan 1143 1569 2238 2745 3638 3095 3312 3275 4587 4872 5035
Philippines 39 325 1261 1243 1287 1351 1662 1837 2479 2877 2356
Chinese Taipei 3327 2574 1858 472 235 83 - - - - -
Thailand - - - - 5 - - - - - -
Vietnam 2990 5200 5594 4638 8350 11609 15900 16700 25500 32396 37899
Other Asia 117 511 151 1103 904 1040 1202 1216 1262 1306 723
PR of China 417000 551928 768902 965077 1194989 1107263 1248860 1504163 1730289 1878260 2158889
Bulgaria 351 267 223 143 194 118 94 51 33 9 23
Romania 7172 6232 4832 2964 10 268 - - - - -
Croatia x x x 156 75 - - - - - -
Serbia and Montenegro x x x 137 55 88 70 54 72 95 141
Former Yugoslavia 576 388 400 x x x x x x x x
Georgia x x x 529 34 7 6 8 8 5 -
Kazakhstan x x x 98017 67998 64199 61411 69767 72047 71807 79404
Kyrgyzstan x x x 1495 183 104 108 49 49 49 46
Russia x x x 152056 106766 101503 111289 120884 128615 147408 169410
Tajikistan x x x 475 7 9 27 32 53 85 -
Ukraine x x x 77446 44203 33757 33271 37398 32950 36841 37723
Uzbekistan x x x 200 74 69 - - - - -
Former USSR 510600 409466 434015 x x x x x x x x
Islam. Rep. of Iran 903 83 100 75 170 336 271 287 410 400 258

Non-OECD Total 1117927 1215582 1561792 1726149 1972384 1984629 2183897 2515682 2804182 3031744 3385252
World 2235249 2270229 2683878 2927699 3115342 3143262 3397522 3696129 4033322 4274995 4653046
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries , IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries
(1) Steam coal is also commonly known as thermal coal. It includes anthracite and bituminous coal.
(1) For further information, see Principles and Definitions.
(2) Includes sub-bituminous coal.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

II.10 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II

Table 1.4 World Brown Coal Production(1)

(thousand tonnes)

1973 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Australia 24121 32894 38380 45990 50752 67293 68604 68359 68607 70730 71240
Austria 3328 2865 3081 2448 1297 1249 1412 1152 235 - -
Canada(2) 8135 16515 26543 30659 36362 35359 36893 35573 36736 36759 36593
Czech Republic(2) 75965 89086 94636 78983 57163 50307 48889 50261 48497 48772 49059
France 2764 2560 1839 2333 1401 296 148 9 - - -
Germany 366409 389726 434037 357468 192756 167691 181778 179085 181926 177907 176321
Greece 13301 23198 35888 51896 57662 63887 70468 68299 70041 69398 65653
Hungary(2) 25925 25142 23500 17661 14588 14033 13027 13301 11242 9570 9952
Italy 1190 1286 1892 956 172 14 - - - - -
Japan 100 27 - - - - - - - - -
New Zealand 143 208 247 161 231 213 218 252 239 246 251
Poland 39215 36866 57746 67584 63547 59484 58210 60920 61198 61636 60834
Slovak Republic 5804 5796 5731 4766 3759 3648 3404 3097 2952 2511 2201
Spain(2) 3003 15454 23572 21070 14808 12154 12282 11156 11576 10933 10044
Turkey(2) 7754 15027 36392 44683 52825 60876 51665 46504 44431 56170 61641
United States 12948 42783 65701 79914 78471 77619 74806 78350 75786 76151 76429
IEA Total 545086 656771 785708 734222 558488 550991 560190 552301 549316 556636 557183
OECD Total 590105 699433 849185 806572 625794 614123 621804 616318 613466 620783 620218
Brazil 1324 3494 6051 3958 4959 6553 4941 4475 5065 5727 5714
Chile 61 40 35 40 - - - - - - -
India 3320 5110 8040 14074 22146 24247 26018 27958 30337 30066 29763
Indonesia - - - - - - - - - 233 -
DPR of Korea 7000 10000 12000 10660 7600 7243 7050 7179 7340 7746 8342
Mongolia - - 6043 6562 3729 5115 5466 5588 6770 7412 7412
Myanmar - 27 43 38 23 112 108 176 213 367 22
Philippines - - 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 -
Thailand 361 1525 5188 12421 18416 17708 19602 18843 20060 20878 19055
Other Asia - 3985 - - - - - - - - 5321
Albania 811 1420 2150 2071 80 30 77 81 109 92 -
Bulgaria 26459 29946 30657 31532 30636 26314 25924 27248 26452 24686 25460
Romania 17679 27104 37924 33737 40762 29004 30401 33053 31792 31106 35045
Bosnia & Herzegovina x x x 19670 1640 8089 8623 8196 8578 9039 9121
Croatia x x x 18 7 - - - - - 80
F.Y.R. of Macedonia x x x 6644 7249 7516 7580 7382 7245 6881 5874
Serbia and Montenegro x x x 45800 40540 37006 38328 40225 41085 40361 38907
Slovenia x x x 5583 4884 4480 4686 4830 4809 4540 4521
Former Yugoslavia 31874 40913 68072 x x x x x x x x
Estonia x x x 22486 12433 11727 12400 14892 13993 14591 14186
Kazakhstan x x x 3443 3740 2558 2730 4099 3810 3798 4773
Kyrgyzstan x x x 2140 280 321 351 352 397 286 268
Latvia x x x - - - - - - - 6
Lithuania x x x - - - - - - - 22
Russia x x x 134385 83317 87786 74034 79544 69186 73668 75800
Tajikistan x x x 450 27 13 9 15 15 15 12
Ukraine x x x 9280 2296 802 762 490 460 354 278
Uzbekistan x x x 6200 2980 2500 2737 1913 2699 3003 3100
Former USSR 157000 163000 157000 x x x x x x x x

Non-OECD Total 245889 286564 333207 371498 288217 279517 272288 286979 280857 285265 293585
World 835994 985997 1182392 1178070 914011 893640 894092 903297 894323 906048 913803
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries , IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries
(1) Brown coal represents lower grade coal and includes lignite. (2) Includes sub-bituminous coal.
(1) For further information, see Principles and Definitions.
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.11

Table 1.5 OECD Production of Coke Oven Coke(1)

(thousand tonnes)

1973 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Australia 4983 4991 3603 4495 4617 3739 3442 3316 3852 3990 3634
Austria 1719 1729 1751 1725 1448 1385 1395 1395 1400 1388 1398
Belgium 7774 6048 5964 5420 3696 3104 2966 2861 2965 2856 2895
Canada 5370 5250 4684 3708 3283 3242 3132 3175 3340 3305 3199
Czech Republic 9383 8725 8328 7125 4963 3411 3537 3556 3548 3412 3428
Denmark - - - - - - - - - - -
Finland - - - 487 920 910 912 895 904 894 870
France 11881 11120 8691 7197 5566 5234 4552 4601 4542 4445 4689
Germany 41614 35492 30171 21926 11102 9115 7226 7827 8479 8397 8372
Greece 400 247 - - - - - - - - -
Hungary 1082 975 607 672 1033 937 432 593 664 614 921
Iceland - - - - - - - - - - -
Ireland - - - - - - - - - - -
Italy 7665 8264 7410 6356 5185 4504 4065 3827 4062 4574 4689
Japan 52300 47463 48621 51444 45077 41795 42054 42448 42065 42918 49479
Korea 318 2965 5253 8800 10593 12288 10411 10417 10447 8935 8538
Luxembourg - - - - - - - - - - -
Mexico 2021 2447 2924 2384 2148 2100 1451 1462 1445 1492 1570
Netherlands 2655 2455 2958 2736 2895 2127 2127 2154 2205 2238 2174
New Zealand 20 13 5 - - - - - - - -
Norway 282 349 313 - - - - - - - -
Poland 16938 19598 15828 13516 11578 8972 8723 10112 10097 8404 9760
Portugal 269 216 275 230 331 371 - - - - -
Slovak Republic 1500 1598 1909 2340 1861 1706 1806 1886 1883 1846 1856
Spain 4475 3900 3440 3211 2438 2470 2627 2494 2839 2662 2778
Sweden 533 1188 1203 1084 1149 1146 1074 1288 1372 1402 1187
Switzerland - - - - - - - - - - -
Turkey 1251 1937 2711 3158 3131 2925 2598 2878 2990 2992 3320
United Kingdom 17776 10060 9276 8350 6274 6206 4559 4601 4336 4364 4682
United States 62803 41850 25992 25053 21545 18876 15221 15579 15340 15168 14881

IEA Europe 108759 92705 83098 69677 50131 43845 38070 38970 40306 40238 41403
OECD Europe 127197 113901 100835 85533 63570 54523 48599 50968 52286 50488 53019
IEA North America 68173 47100 30676 28761 24828 22118 18353 18754 18680 18473 18080
OECD North America 70194 49547 33600 31145 26976 24218 19804 20216 20125 19965 19650
OECD Pacific 57621 55432 57482 64739 60287 57822 55907 56181 56364 55843 61651

IEA Total 234553 195237 171256 163177 135246 123785 112330 113905 115350 114554 121134
OECD Total 255012 218880 191917 181417 150833 136563 124310 127365 128775 126296 134320
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Solid product obtained from carbonization of coal, principally coking coal, used mainly in the iron and steel industry.
(1) Also includes coke and semi-coke made from lignite.
(1) For further information, see Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.13

2. CONSUMPTION

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.15

Table 2.1 World Hard Coal Consumption(1)

(thousand tonnes)

1973 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e
(2)
Australia 27292 34422 39980 49299 51739 60830 63601 62438 64909 73717 71450
Austria 2856 2871 3178 4159 3392 3732 3847 4313 4329 4039 4332
Belgium(2) 17169 17004 15576 16153 12394 11046 9041 8663 8382 7551 7107
Canada 17556 21361 21522 18887 15687 18277 18179 16629 18637 15107 10354
Czech Republic 27780 23937 22030 20060 14180 10717 10181 9314 9860 9221 9214
Denmark 3146 9669 11935 9992 11003 6641 6905 9533 7327 6233 7855
Finland 3035 5692 5318 5648 6540 5193 6617 8862 8082 4598 7648
France 40289 48080 36507 28791 22611 21801 19270 20942 20553 21346 22337
Germany 105801 96385 93466 86965 74224 68963 62768 66382 67922 63952 64667
Greece 651 545 1750 1380 1480 1121 964 833 776 563 482
Hungary 2137 1695 1043 971 1402 1280 836 1140 1299 1341 1842
Iceland 1 12 69 65 65 101 98 85 104 117 119
Ireland 822 1066 1586 3198 2689 2944 2784 2731 2806 2870 2856
Italy 11603 17024 21894 21327 17446 18013 20006 21146 24280 24240 24615
Japan 81690 87699 109391 114960 133564 153190 161305 166417 180806 174710 177920
Korea(2) 16329 27790 42505 44776 44634 66548 75844 77321 79954 82272 88769
Luxembourg 305 346 199 197 217 171 127 106 129 111 153
Mexico(2) 2894 3973 5317 6881 10243 12290 14130 16025 13442 16937 17927
Netherlands 4794 5973 10276 14032 14660 12928 13414 13667 13551 13009 12620
New Zealand(2) 2317 1768 1810 2002 1938 1779 2175 3257 3490 3935 4128
Norway 772 951 1118 749 1018 1035 818 812 914 795 594
Poland 122097 164009 159894 119926 107823 83371 82258 85368 83915 80438 86135
Portugal(2) 805 604 1050 4397 5708 6154 5668 5362 5514 5476 5467
Slovak Republic 5834 5373 5809 5879 5330 4656 4726 5090 5151 4983 4913
Spain 13260 16531 25198 26047 27488 32804 33653 31476 33981 32948 29424
Sweden 1060 2138 4158 3709 3444 2861 3021 2923 3329 3070 3239
Switzerland 258 315 640 481 245 173 168 181 177 183 152
Turkey 4595 4630 6189 8146 8548 15526 13830 17535 18904 19421 16541
United Kingdom 133527 123610 105980 106722 75916 59868 58639 62865 60567 61801 68220
United States(2) 492567 608038 682608 736926 782788 892126 896996 901276 934614 953585 942184

IEA Europe 374665 379066 369091 363124 304605 282971 272557 288786 292682 282768 289365
OECD Europe 502597 548460 534863 488994 417823 371099 359639 379329 381852 368306 380532
IEA North America 510123 629399 704130 755813 798475 910403 915175 917905 953251 968692 952538
OECD North America 513017 633372 709447 762694 808718 922693 929305 933930 966693 985629 970465
OECD/IEA Pacific 127628 151679 193686 211037 231875 282347 302925 309433 329159 334634 342267

IEA Total 1012416 1160144 1266907 1329974 1334955 1475721 1490657 1516124 1575092 1586094 1584170
OECD Total 1143242 1333511 1437996 1462725 1458416 1576139 1591869 1622692 1677704 1688569 1693264

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

II.16 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II

Table 2.1 World Hard Coal Consumption(1) (continued)

(thousand tonnes)

1973 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Algeria 63 93 1226 1005 632 689 974 974 988 898 317
Botswana - - 466 815 912 1041 980 850 899 969 938
Dem. Rep. of Congo 170 167 156 169 136 134 136 144 153 163 112
Egypt 477 894 1192 1340 1540 1321 1746 1810 1850 1850 1504
Kenya 70 16 90 151 96 66 99 92 108 108 40
Morocco 582 635 1110 1774 2665 4018 5228 4890 5541 6750 4625
Mozambique 587 288 106 58 56 - 8 22 - - 23
Namibia - - - - 16 3 4 4 4 4 4
Nigeria 289 151 94 55 20 3 43 23 3 8 -
Senegal - - - - - - - - 127 152 160
South Africa 60408 86961 125870 124900 147205 157135 151603 166571 178995 175403 176548
U. Rep. of Tanzania - 1 15 4 44 79 79 55 65 75 68
Tunisia 33 21 21 15 - - - - - - -
Zambia 941 618 471 375 148 128 137 145 153 161 169
Zimbabwe 2758 2614 3026 5355 4494 4297 3996 3584 3435 3699 3740
Other Africa 222 278 379 454 446 852 888 837 881 927 890
Argentina 1072 1425 1247 1367 1439 1058 804 927 937 1383 1561
Brazil 2842 6354 9870 10650 12080 13457 13109 12907 14594 14270 14874
Chile 1711 1678 1792 3721 3390 4784 4001 3957 4874 5555 4576
Colombia 2859 4135 4630 4825 5608 4231 4050 4293 3635 4173 4011
Costa Rica 1 1 1 1 - - - - - 2 -
Cuba 45 90 126 153 63 15 13 13 14 13 14
Dominican Republic - - 224 17 80 93 233 1057 777 476 398
Guatemala - 22 - - - 215 390 369 461 408 396
Haiti - - 61 12 - - - - - - -
Honduras - - - - - 135 141 169 174 183 130
Jamaica - - - 52 55 72 88 85 93 60 -
Panama 13 - 32 32 51 60 45 - - - -
Peru 86 74 107 149 389 708 948 926 1065 1075 909
Uruguay 33 4 - 1 - 1 1 1 1 1 -
Venezuela 53 42 42 355 7 181 25 59 - 52 70
Bangladesh 243 235 98 563 642 660 700 700 700 700 700
Hong Kong (China) 12 3 5523 8928 9109 6058 8718 10676 10691 10824 11395
India 73410 108622 154347 211533 278553 338729 362205 371521 415072 432052 466055
Indonesia 129 237 934 6365 10344 19355 29214 30635 36187 41304 39621
DPR of Korea 23580 34456 42200 37793 24340 22241 21759 22162 22666 23935 23363
Malaysia 13 76 517 1936 2303 3298 5253 7628 10682 10927 11923
Mongolia - - 480 595 1290 70 78 78 95 105 105
Myanmar 74 221 223 80 15 38 57 113 119 124 354
Nepal 78 83 17 81 129 430 228 291 301 309 302
Pakistan 1270 1667 2954 4245 4723 4045 4890 6064 7894 7715 7539
Philippines 40 303 2416 2421 3129 8589 8448 8259 9067 10643 9661
Sri Lanka - - 1 8 5 1 1 96 95 95 100
Chinese Taipei 3572 5956 10981 17170 26370 44816 50795 54891 57134 59367 63539
Thailand 1 94 212 250 2315 2559 4143 5117 5268 6703 7640
Vietnam 2770 4052 4990 3951 5917 7808 9851 10400 14900 14510 15727
Other Asia 220 657 345 1371 1183 1233 1343 1359 1411 1461 814

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.17

Table 2.1 World Hard Coal Consumption(1) (continued)

(thousand tonnes)

1973 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

PR of China 414180 626010 803907 1050951 1316890 1214956 1313949 1582255 1886367 2098830 2455695
Albania 89 160 220 302 - - - - - - 117
Bulgaria 6136 6999 8277 6046 3443 3379 3636 4200 4265 4361 2348
Cyprus - - 74 97 97 49 53 53 57 52 511
Malta - - 192 300 52 - - - - - -
Romania 8490 12009 14705 9351 5065 2649 3469 2610 3025 3041 2190
Bosnia & Herzegovina x x x - - - - - - - 3
Croatia x x x 1150 143 623 872 1030 1106 1057 890
F.Y.R. of Macedonia x x x 129 142 67 4 10 9 3 9
Serbia and Montenegro x x x 137 55 218 210 194 202 161 211
Slovenia x x x 32 20 11 35 54 45 49 66
Former Yugoslavia 2540 3790 5089 x x x x x x x x
Armenia x x x 552 3 - 18 27 - - -
Azerbaijan x x x 200 6 - - - - - -
Belarus x x x 2389 1125 504 334 294 234 168 150
Estonia x x x 382 85 87 61 44 58 56 105
Georgia x x x 1323 44 27 6 12 14 18 10
Kazakhstan x x x 85806 61195 47000 50068 54383 58720 58054 65952
Kyrgyzstan x x x 4014 505 830 889 1128 990 887 639
Latvia x x x 917 252 97 102 101 98 120 60
Lithuania x x x 1303 372 130 211 271 263 284 390
Republic of Moldova x x x 4510 1315 181 152 220 186 167 110
Russia x x x 240033 163266 142222 147085 146074 144978 141438 166865
Tajikistan x x x 1044 14 16 34 40 60 91 -
Turkmenistan x x x 670 - - - - - - -
Ukraine x x x 135686 82882 65887 63259 71127 64464 63604 65204
Uzbekistan x x x 2740 81 69 - - - - -
Former USSR 490220 529110 543430 x x x x x x x x
Islam. Rep. of Iran 948 1783 1444 1061 1546 1879 1859 1800 1560 1810 920
Israel - - 2927 3720 6568 10591 12467 12666 12875 12124 8223
Lebanon 1 1 - - 180 200 200 200 200 200 1
Saudi Arabia - - - - - - - - - - 21
Syria 1 1 - - - - - - - - -
United Arab Emirates - - - - - - - - - - 200

Non OECD Total 1103332 1443087 1758857 2009940 2197285 2146378 2296425 2613547 2991885 3226167 3645805
World 2246574 2776598 3196853 3472665 3655701 3722517 3888294 4236239 4669589 4914736 5339069
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries , IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries
(1) Hard coal represents higher grade coal and includes coking coal, anthracite and bituminous coal.
(1) For further information, see Principles and Definitions.
(2) Includes sub-bituminous coal.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

II.18 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II

Table 2.2 World Coking Coal Consumption

(thousand tonnes)

1978 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Australia 7216 7049 5476 5932 5874 4799 4308 4683 5132 5354 5500
Austria 2006 2371 2391 2337 1908 1878 1898 1898 1904 1899 1891
Belgium 7524 8010 8086 7157 4737 4045 3569 3414 3627 3263 3665
Canada 6776 7321 6483 5023 4417 4461 6007 5642 4591 4067 4088
Czech Republic 12567 12166 11365 9941 6648 4972 4861 4577 4526 4334 4144
Denmark - 7 6 - - - - - - - -
Finland - - - 711 1650 1284 1260 1225 1364 1401 1073
France 12980 14570 11332 9669 7739 6543 6405 5532 6753 6171 5987
Germany 41881 50293 47825 42216 33993 24462 21918 23005 23667 22193 21602
Greece 213 384 - - - - - - - - -
Hungary 1740 1695 1043 971 1402 1280 551 779 861 808 1301
Iceland - - 20 13 7 14 13 11 18 14 14
Ireland - - 7 14 - - - - - - -
Italy 9909 11237 10165 8633 6966 6658 5654 5173 5083 5630 5943
Japan 58724 70203 73456 64934 59796 57081 58435 57744 60837 56577 72933
Korea 2009 3987 6959 11735 16305 19415 20003 20216 21027 20883 20965
Mexico 4053 3973 3837 2911 1875 932 782 641 437 248 264
Netherlands 2953 3521 4061 4391 4894 4047 4218 4385 4617 4699 3048
New Zealand - 8 6 219 - - - - - - -
Norway 414 432 394 - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - 17405 13332 12905 13773 13684 11157 12912
Portugal 423 363 370 313 455 497 - - - - -
Slovak Republic 2180 2336 2790 3136 2745 2597 2765 2828 2852 2738 2849
Spain 4863 5407 4908 4456 3312 3556 3488 3600 3902 3463 3556
Sweden 1227 1654 1620 1515 1646 1772 1725 1735 1790 1847 2217
Turkey 3429 3407 4825 5335 4658 7042 5931 5581 5312 5585 5965
United Kingdom 14988 11628 11122 10517 8487 8853 6847 6907 6482 6510 7381
United States 68885 61457 37246 35269 29934 25963 21589 21939 21462 20893 20902

IEA Europe 117117 127145 119520 108176 88495 76889 68325 67811 69888 67803 67773
OECD Europe 119297 129481 122330 111325 108652 92832 84008 84423 86442 81712 83548
IEA North America 75661 68778 43729 40292 34351 30424 27596 27581 26053 24960 24990
OECD North America 79714 72751 47566 43203 36226 31356 28378 28222 26490 25208 25254
OECD Pacific 67949 81247 85897 82820 81975 81295 82746 82643 86996 82814 99398

IEA Total 260727 277170 249146 231288 204821 188608 178667 178035 182937 175577 192161
OECD Total 266960 283479 255793 237348 226853 205483 195132 195288 199928 189734 208200

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.19

Table 2.2 World Coking Coal Consumption (continued)

(thousand tonnes)

1978 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Algeria 50 93 1226 1005 632 689 974 974 988 898 317
Egypt 975 894 1192 1339 1540 1321 1746 1810 1850 1850 1490
South Africa 7018 7158 6000 5675 4220 2569 2128 2208 2011 2975 1555
United Republic of Tanzania - - - 1 1 - - - - - -
Zimbabwe 946 991 269 612 621 813 755 676 648 691 715
Argentina 990 801 826 1121 589 558 678 825 726 789 892
Brazil 4869 6154 9602 10489 11951 13326 13057 12794 14467 14046 14704
Chile 385 454 427 477 704 909 1041 1207 1145 1129 736
Colombia 705 716 745 775 681 587 508 507 525 514 554
Jamaica - - - 52 55 72 88 85 93 60 -
Peru 40 49 50 37 51 44 46 37 18 34 20
India 15757 15441 28149 39491 39409 35852 36225 35381 42224 40146 41811
DPR of Korea 3857 4286 5000 5143 1040 101 159 162 166 175 153
Pakistan 16 98 716 1102 1085 950 1578 2789 3307 2843 2504
Chinese Taipei 1386 1513 2453 4147 4064 5068 5276 5426 5227 5040 6019
Vietnam - - - - - - - - - - 22
PR of China 52304 66822 62873 80968 140670 119979 136752 154510 225294 282365 326876
Albania 25 25 33 62 - - - - - - -
Bulgaria 1921 1926 1553 1854 1693 1325 1107 1224 1174 1051 607
Romania 5734 5228 7825 5082 5047 2257 3174 2591 2954 2963 2190
Croatia x x x 747 - - - - - - -
F.Y.R. of Macedonia x x x 117 70 67 4 - - - -
Slovenia x x x 1 - - - - - - -
Former Yugoslavia 1447 3402 4689 x x x x x x x x
Estonia x x x - - - - - - - 10
Georgia x x x 686 6 - - - - - -
Kazakhstan x x x 29983 10853 10294 9589 11040 11018 10981 12146
Kyrgyzstan x x x - - - - - 3 - -
Russia x x x 53885 50669 43938 43796 46257 49197 44991 53433
Tajikistan x x x - 7 2 2 2 2 2 -
Ukraine x x x 54508 31642 30581 29160 30660 32266 29811 30098
Former USSR 129250 131534 123985 x x x x x x x x
Islam. Rep. of Iran 1107 1700 1344 986 1388 1605 1611 1533 1270 1450 656

Non-OECD Total 228782 249285 258957 300345 308688 272907 289454 312698 396573 444804 497508
World 495742 532764 514750 537693 535541 478390 484586 507986 596501 634538 705708
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries , IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

II.20 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II

Table 2.3 World Steam Coal Consumption(1)

(thousand tonnes)

1973 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e
(2)
Australia 27292 27373 34504 43367 45865 56031 59293 57755 59777 68363 65950
Austria 2856 500 787 1822 1484 1854 1949 2415 2425 2140 2441
Belgium(2) 17169 8994 7490 8996 7657 7001 5472 5249 4755 4288 3442
Canada 17556 14040 15039 13864 11270 13816 12172 10987 14046 11040 6266
Czech Republic 27780 11771 10665 10119 7532 5745 5320 4737 5334 4887 5070
Denmark 3146 9662 11929 9992 11003 6641 6905 9533 7327 6233 7855
Finland 3035 5692 5318 4937 4890 3909 5357 7637 6718 3197 6575
France 40289 33510 25175 19122 14872 15258 12865 15410 13800 15175 16350
Germany 105801 46092 45641 44749 40231 44501 40850 43377 44255 41759 43065
Greece 651 161 1750 1380 1480 1121 964 833 776 563 482
Hungary 2137 - - - - - 285 361 438 533 541
Iceland 1 12 49 52 58 87 85 74 86 103 105
Ireland 822 1066 1579 3184 2689 2944 2784 2731 2806 2870 2856
Italy 11603 5787 11729 12694 10480 11355 14352 15973 19197 18610 18672
Japan 81690 17496 35935 50026 73768 96109 102870 108673 119969 118133 104987
Korea 16329 23803 35546 33041 28329 47133 55841 57105 58927 61389 67804
Luxembourg 305 346 199 197 217 171 127 106 129 111 153
Mexico(2) 2894 - 1480 3970 8368 11358 13348 15384 13005 16689 17663
Netherlands 4794 2452 6215 9641 9766 8881 9196 9282 8934 8310 9572
New Zealand(2) 2317 1760 1804 1783 1938 1779 2175 3257 3490 3935 4128
Norway 772 519 724 749 1018 1035 818 812 914 795 594
Poland 122097 164009 159894 119926 90418 70039 69353 71595 70231 69281 73223
Portugal(2) 805 241 680 4084 5253 5657 5668 5362 5514 5476 5467
Slovak Republic 5834 3037 3019 2743 2585 2059 1961 2262 2299 2245 2064
Spain 13260 11124 20290 21591 24176 29248 30165 27876 30079 29485 25868
Sweden 1060 484 2538 2194 1798 1089 1296 1188 1539 1223 1022
Switzerland 258 315 640 481 245 173 168 181 177 183 152
Turkey 4595 1223 1364 2811 3890 8484 7899 11954 13592 13836 10576
United Kingdom 133527 111982 94858 96205 67429 51015 51792 55958 54085 55291 60839
United States(2) 492567 546581 645362 701657 752854 866163 875407 879337 913152 932692 921282

IEA Europe 374665 251921 249571 254948 216110 206082 204232 220975 222794 214965 221592
OECD Europe 502597 418979 412533 377669 309171 278267 275631 294906 295410 286594 296984
IEA North America 510123 560621 660401 715521 764124 879979 887579 890324 927198 943732 927548
OECD North America 513017 560621 661881 719491 772492 891337 900927 905708 940203 960421 945211
OECD/IEA Pacific 127628 70432 107789 128217 149900 201052 220179 226790 242163 251820 242869

IEA Total 1012416 882974 1017761 1098686 1130134 1287113 1311990 1338089 1392155 1410517 1392009
OECD Total 1143242 1050032 1182203 1225377 1231563 1370656 1396737 1427404 1477776 1498835 1485064

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.21

Table 2.3 World Steam Coal Consumption(1) (continued)

(thousand tonnes)

1973 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Algeria 63 - - - - - - - - - -
Botswana - - 466 815 912 1041 980 850 899 969 938
Dem. Rep. of Congo 170 167 156 169 136 134 136 144 153 163 112
Egypt 477 - - 1 - - - - - - 14
Kenya 70 16 90 151 96 66 99 92 108 108 40
Morocco 582 635 1110 1774 2665 4018 5228 4890 5541 6750 4625
Mozambique 587 288 106 58 56 - 8 22 - - 23
Namibia - - - - 16 3 4 4 4 4 4
Nigeria 289 151 94 55 20 3 43 23 3 8 -
Senegal - - - - - - - - 127 152 160
South Africa 60408 79803 119870 119225 142985 154566 149475 164363 176984 172428 174993
U. Rep. of Tanzania - 1 15 3 43 79 79 55 65 75 68
Tunisia 33 21 21 15 - - - - - - -
Zambia 941 618 471 375 148 128 137 145 153 161 169
Zimbabwe 2758 1623 2757 4743 3873 3484 3241 2908 2787 3008 3025
Other Africa 222 278 379 454 446 852 888 837 881 927 890
Argentina 1072 624 421 246 850 500 126 102 211 594 669
Brazil 2842 200 268 161 129 131 52 113 127 224 170
Chile 1711 1224 1365 3244 2686 3875 2960 2750 3729 4426 3840
Colombia 2859 3419 3885 4050 4927 3644 3542 3786 3110 3659 3457
Costa Rica 1 1 1 1 - - - - - 2 -
Cuba 45 90 126 153 63 15 13 13 14 13 14
Dominican Republic - - 224 17 80 93 233 1057 777 476 398
Guatemala - 22 - - - 215 390 369 461 408 396
Haiti - - 61 12 - - - - - - -
Honduras - - - - - 135 141 169 174 183 130
Jamaica - - - - - - - - - - -
Panama 13 - 32 32 51 60 45 - - - -
Peru 86 25 57 112 338 664 902 889 1047 1041 889
Uruguay 33 4 - 1 - 1 1 1 1 1 -
Venezuela 53 42 42 355 7 181 25 59 - 52 70
Bangladesh 243 235 98 563 642 660 700 700 700 700 700
Hong Kong (China) 12 3 5523 8928 9109 6058 8718 10676 10691 10824 11395
India 73410 93181 126198 172042 239144 302877 325980 336140 372848 391906 424244
Indonesia 129 237 934 6365 10344 19355 29214 30635 36187 41304 39621
DPR of Korea 23580 30170 37200 32650 23300 22140 21600 22000 22500 23760 23210
Malaysia 13 76 517 1936 2303 3298 5253 7628 10682 10927 11923
Mongolia - - 480 595 1290 70 78 78 95 105 105
Myanmar 74 221 223 80 15 38 57 113 119 124 354
Nepal 78 83 17 81 129 430 228 291 301 309 302
Pakistan 1270 1569 2238 3143 3638 3095 3312 3275 4587 4872 5035
Philippines 40 303 2416 2421 3129 8589 8448 8259 9067 10643 9661
Sri Lanka - - 1 8 5 1 1 96 95 95 100
Chinese Taipei 3572 4443 8528 13023 22306 39748 45519 49465 51907 54327 57520
Thailand 1 94 212 250 2315 2559 4143 5117 5268 6703 7640
Vietnam 2770 4052 4990 3951 5917 7808 9851 10400 14900 14510 15705
Other Asia 220 657 345 1371 1183 1233 1343 1359 1411 1461 814

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

II.22 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II

Table 2.3 World Steam Coal Consumption(1) (continued)

(thousand tonnes)

1973 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

PR of China 414180 559188 741034 969983 1176220 1094977 1177197 1427745 1661073 1816465 2128819
Albania 89 135 187 240 - - - - - - 117
Bulgaria 6136 5073 6724 4192 1750 2054 2529 2976 3091 3310 1741
Cyprus - - 74 97 97 49 53 53 57 52 511
Malta - - 192 300 52 - - - - - -
Romania 8490 6781 6880 4269 18 392 295 19 71 78 -
Bosnia & Herzegovina x x x - - - - - - - 3
Croatia x x x 403 143 623 872 1030 1106 1057 890
F.Y.R. of Macedonia x x x 12 72 - - 10 9 3 9
Serbia and Montenegro x x x 137 55 218 210 194 202 161 211
Slovenia x x x 31 20 11 35 54 45 49 66
Former Yugoslavia 2540 388 400 x x x x x x x x
Armenia x x x 552 3 - 18 27 - - -
Azerbaijan x x x 200 6 - - - - - -
Belarus x x x 2389 1125 504 334 294 234 168 150
Estonia x x x 382 85 87 61 44 58 56 95
Georgia x x x 637 38 27 6 12 14 18 10
Kazakhstan x x x 55823 50342 36706 40479 43343 47702 47073 53806
Kyrgyzstan x x x 4014 505 830 889 1128 987 887 639
Latvia x x x 917 252 97 102 101 98 120 60
Lithuania x x x 1303 372 130 211 271 263 284 390
Republic of Moldova x x x 4510 1315 181 152 220 186 167 110
Russia x x x 186148 112597 98284 103289 99817 95781 96447 113432
Tajikistan x x x 1044 7 14 32 38 58 89 -
Turkmenistan x x x 670 - - - - - - -
Ukraine x x x 81178 51240 35306 34099 40467 32198 33793 35106
Uzbekistan x x x 2740 81 69 - - - - -
Former USSR 490220 397576 419445 x x x x x x x x
Islam. Rep. of Iran 948 83 100 75 158 274 248 267 290 360 264
Israel - - 2927 3720 6568 10591 12467 12666 12875 12124 8223
Lebanon 1 1 - - 180 200 200 200 200 200 1
Saudi Arabia - - - - - - - - - - 21
Syria 1 1 - - - - - - - - -
United Arab Emirates - - - - - - - - - - 200

Non-OECD Total 1103332 1193802 1499900 1709595 1888597 1873471 2006971 2300849 2595312 2781363 3148297
World 2246574 2243834 2682103 2934972 3120160 3244127 3403708 3728253 4073088 4280198 4633361
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries , IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries
(1) Steam coal is also commonly known as thermal coal. It includes anthracite and bituminous coal.
(1) For further information, see Principles and Definitions.
(2) Includes sub-bituminous coal.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.23

Table 2.4 World Brown Coal Consumption(1)

(thousand tonnes)

1973 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Australia 24121 32894 38380 45990 50752 67293 68604 68359 68607 70730 71240
Austria 3328 3274 3868 2504 1743 1360 1558 1630 1194 1270 347
Belgium - 95 275 276 195 220 204 188 190 206 290
Canada(2) 8058 15911 26653 30260 36736 40466 45316 46402 40944 45413 45779
Czech Republic(2) 75965 79822 83854 71772 52300 50372 46903 49152 47430 47622 47483
France 2775 2570 2418 2094 1516 355 184 51 40 36 37
Germany 372497 391753 432521 364050 194811 169942 182940 179758 181948 177892 176367
Greece 13000 22692 36214 52053 56962 64564 68718 70069 70855 70096 66313
Hungary(2) 26896 25849 24583 19334 15528 14477 13218 13547 12173 10247 10176
Ireland - - - 38 45 36 52 48 42 53 52
Italy 1299 1385 2041 1089 196 30 10 8 9 8 9
Japan 100 27 - - - - - - - - -
Luxembourg - 28 - - - - - - - - -
Mexico - - - - 2 4 2 4 4 3 3
Netherlands 20 156 103 69 29 44 52 39 44 50 11
New Zealand 143 208 264 207 250 261 265 297 284 276 253
Poland 34282 35308 57565 67391 63196 59488 58168 60871 61175 61589 60789
Slovak Republic 12784 16039 15784 12481 7221 4213 4046 3960 3589 3307 3130
Spain(2) 3062 14691 23242 20776 15054 12850 12588 11399 11823 11550 10018
Turkey(2) 7642 15801 35301 46178 52471 64406 52044 46387 45545 57315 61541
United States 12948 42129 62063 79023 80764 74265 74677 78892 76119 76136 75442

IEA Europe 506484 558116 644420 580233 390850 378656 378471 372276 371293 376345 372644
OECD Europe 553550 609463 717769 660105 461267 442357 440685 437107 436057 441241 436563
IEA North America 21006 58040 88716 109283 117500 114731 119993 125294 117063 121549 121221
OECD North America 21006 58040 88716 109283 117502 114735 119995 125298 117067 121552 121224
OECD/IEA Pacific 24364 33129 38644 46197 51002 67554 68869 68656 68891 71006 71493

IEA Total 551854 649285 771780 735713 559352 560941 567333 566226 557247 568900 565358
OECD Total 598920 700632 845129 815585 629771 624646 629549 631061 622015 633799 629280

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

II.24 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II

Table 2.4 World Brown Coal Consumption(1) (continued)

(thousand tonnes)

1973 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Brazil 1280 2788 6991 4786 5040 6813 4678 4827 5236 5734 5666
Chile 61 40 35 40 - - - - - - -
India 3762 5059 7913 14985 22298 24825 26013 28490 30033 29555 29763
DPR of Korea 7000 10000 12000 10660 7600 7243 7050 7179 7340 7746 8342
Mongolia - - 5687 6054 3914 5142 5456 5084 5094 5367 5296
Myanmar - 27 43 38 23 59 46 66 69 72 22
Philippines - - 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 -
Singapore 1 1 - 2 - - - - 3 - -
Thailand 361 1525 5132 12457 18496 17586 19540 17964 20548 21046 19055
Other Asia - 4200 - - - - - - - - 5321
Albania 810 1420 2150 1843 80 73 90 90 118 105 -
Bulgaria 26311 29704 30657 31778 30873 25844 24973 27485 26292 24870 25460
Cyprus - - - - - - - - 1 1 -
Romania 17690 27364 38404 36872 40635 29313 30785 34321 32574 32961 35211
Bosnia & Herzegovina x x x 19670 1640 8089 8197 8600 8953 9385 9121
Croatia x x x 743 188 80 93 93 83 83 82
F.Y.R. of Macedonia x x x 6808 7293 7702 7283 7486 7551 7470 5874
Serbia and Montenegro x x x 45800 40550 37106 38392 40273 41239 40449 38907
Slovenia x x x 6058 5219 4914 5562 5290 5329 5143 5104
Former Yugoslavia 31356 40516 68217 x x x x x x x x
Estonia x x x 25954 14561 13232 13027 15477 15503 14804 14186
Kazakhstan x x x 3443 3630 2438 2643 3915 3561 3537 4773
Kyrgyzstan x x x 2140 287 339 350 351 475 452 268
Latvia x x x - - - - - - - 6
Lithuania x x x - - 1 - - 1 3 25
Russia x x x 134047 82065 88257 73615 78103 72060 73156 75800
Tajikistan x x x 450 27 13 9 15 15 15 12
Ukraine x x x 7983 3000 793 759 488 634 409 278
Uzbekistan x x x 6200 2947 2438 2669 1866 2633 2930 3100
Former USSR 157138 163030 157015 x x x x x x x x
Israel - - - 303 470 390 458 437 439 413 503

Non-OECD Total 245770 285674 334248 379117 290839 282693 271691 287903 285787 285709 292175
World 844690 986306 1179377 1194702 920610 907339 901240 918964 907802 919508 921455

Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries , IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries
(1) Brown coal represents lower grade coal and includes lignite.
(1) For further information, see Principles and Definitions.
(2) Includes sub-bituminous coal.

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 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.25

Table 2.5 OECD Consumption of Coke Oven Coke(1)

(thousand tonnes)

1973 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Australia 4983 5077 3520 3300 3952 3456 3130 2914 2972 3014 2822
Austria 2681 2674 2993 2403 2354 2436 2590 2517 2519 2825 2733
Belgium 8429 6542 5789 5265 4287 3928 3326 2974 3137 2951 2914
Canada 5454 5519 5212 3412 3682 3429 3302 3333 3667 3361 4203
Czech Republic 5913 6244 6472 5713 3857 3144 3143 3300 3339 2949 3224
Denmark 96 116 68 40 43 40 36 30 45 34 34
Finland 877 1224 1218 1272 1192 1443 1366 1428 1412 1416 1414
France 14783 13180 10353 7714 6219 6119 5727 5620 5045 5038 5594
Germany 37220 32691 29657 21127 14879 14982 14085 13256 12990 12209 11797
Greece 414 261 55 42 12 1 3 4 4 4 4
Hungary 2317 2243 2000 1183 990 804 757 750 783 751 728
Iceland - 16 34 30 18 47 48 53 52 33 34
Ireland 13 8 22 29 6 - - - - - -
Italy 7099 7379 7258 6413 5656 5041 4685 5130 4988 5271 5269
Japan 51800 45795 44859 49890 41939 41604 41941 42184 42987 43192 49460
Korea 356 3086 5359 8800 10593 12288 10411 10417 11134 9276 8852
Luxembourg 3235 2282 1854 1447 521 - - - - - -
Mexico 2173 2494 3022 2528 2951 3591 2565 2437 2596 2611 2745
Netherlands 2657 2363 2539 2339 2387 2002 2090 2198 2161 2082 1881
New Zealand 20 13 6 - - - - - - - -
Norway 826 849 881 529 500 559 388 358 461 356 418
Poland 14212 17849 14671 9854 8294 5762 4698 4935 4990 3399 4086
Portugal 306 317 401 240 296 323 21 10 8 5 4
Slovak Republic 2422 1642 2126 2833 1964 1815 1828 2114 2075 1984 2203
Spain 5349 3917 3758 3365 3131 1923 2228 1962 2025 2027 1945
Sweden 1900 1618 1494 1422 1496 1495 1685 1747 1778 1692 1432
Switzerland 185 131 82 43 31 27 32 25 20 20 19
Turkey 1251 1954 2803 3256 3201 3592 3164 3422 3333 3428 3537
United Kingdom 17034 7296 9209 8244 6517 6502 4726 5298 5089 5013 5294
United States 64235 37446 26553 25230 22180 21085 17784 17632 20406 16547 17041

IEA Europe 112585 93289 88906 72086 57575 54361 50052 50029 49137 48071 48241
OECD Europe 129219 112796 105737 84803 67851 61985 56626 57131 56254 53487 54564
IEA North America 69689 42965 31765 28642 25862 24514 21086 20965 24073 19908 21244
OECD North America 71862 45459 34787 31170 28813 28105 23651 23402 26669 22519 23989
OECD Pacific 57159 53971 53744 61990 56484 57348 55482 55515 57093 55482 61134

IEA Total 239433 190225 174415 162718 139921 136223 126620 126509 130303 123461 130619
OECD Total 258240 212226 194268 177963 153148 147438 135759 136048 140016 131488 139687
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Solid product obtained from carbonization of coal, principally coking coal, used mainly in the iron and steel industry.
(1) Also includes coke and semi-coke made from lignite.
(1) For further information, see Principles and Definitions.

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 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.27

3. TRADE

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.29

Table 3.1 World and Seaborne Coal Trade

(million tonnes)
Steam Coal Coking Coal Hard Coal

Total Seaborne Total Seaborne Total Seaborne

1983 226.2 95.0 164.6 110.0 390.9 204.9
1984 250.6 111.1 182.3 127.0 432.9 238.1
1985 274.1 142.6 185.3 134.7 459.4 277.3
1986 269.7 144.0 173.3 131.0 443.1 275.0
1987 270.0 143.3 174.6 134.0 444.5 277.3
1988 286.6 155.6 192.1 149.9 478.6 305.5
1989 288.0 166.3 191.1 154.2 479.1 320.6
1990 299.0 183.2 199.6 154.8 498.7 338.0
1991 287.8 201.4 193.8 164.9 481.6 366.2
1992 287.6 210.2 173.5 154.6 461.2 364.8
1993 253.0 198.3 187.2 161.3 440.3 359.6
1994 267.7 217.7 183.4 163.7 451.1 381.4
1995 297.2 248.1 196.4 174.7 493.7 422.8
1996 317.7 271.5 195.6 175.3 513.3 446.9
1997 339.9 284.8 201.4 182.4 541.3 467.2
1998 361.9 292.8 186.9 172.0 548.8 464.9
1999 357.6 302.8 185.8 173.1 543.4 475.9
2000 421.2 356.9 187.6 172.0 608.8 528.9
2001 454.0 385.1 199.9 182.1 653.9 567.2
2002 464.1 407.7 188.3 173.1 652.4 580.8
2003 513.0 446.3 205.9 190.5 718.9 636.8
2004 534.7 473.6 210.2 191.6 744.9 665.2
2005 565.0 501.1 228.2 209.2 793.3 710.2
2006 592.6 524.8 222.2 203.9 814.8 728.7

Table 3.2 World Total Hard Coal Trade

(million tonnes)
Japan Other OECD Other Africa + North Latin Balancing World
Asia Europe Europe Mid. East America America Item
Exporters 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006
Australia 101.1 105.7 81.5 78.2 28.0 28.3 0.4 0.3 4.5 3.1 5.5 6.6 4.9 5.3 5.4 3.8 231.3 231.3
Canada 7.5 8.8 7.4 6.5 7.5 7.2 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.2 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.3 0.5 0.1 28.2 27.4
Poland - - - - 18.7 18.7 0.0 0.1 0.8 0.2 0.1 - - 0.1 -0.3 -2.4 19.4 16.6
United States 1.3 0.2 2.6 1.5 16.2 16.7 2.5 2.3 0.7 1.2 11.5 10.5 4.1 4.4 6.2 8.1 45.1 44.9
Other OECD 0.8 1.0 0.4 0.4 8.4 9.0 0.2 2.2 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.2 0.9 1.1 7.9 4.3 18.8 18.2
Total OECD 110.7 115.8 91.9 86.6 78.8 79.9 3.3 4.9 6.4 4.8 19.6 19.6 12.3 13.2 19.7 13.7 342.8 338.4
China 21.7 19.0 46.7 37.4 2.2 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.6 6.0 71.8 63.3
Colombia - 0.0 - - 26.7 24.1 0.1 0.3 4.7 3.5 20.7 23.5 2.7 2.4 0.6 5.8 55.5 59.7
Indonesia 29.4 32.0 79.6 104.2 14.2 19.6 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 2.2 2.9 1.6 1.8 -17.3 -31.3 109.9 129.3
Kazakhstan - - - 0.0 0.1 0.2 22.1 26.2 - - - - - - 2.9 -0.7 25.2 25.7
Russia 10.3 9.3 6.2 9.0 51.3 57.9 19.7 12.3 0.2 0.2 0.5 1.1 0.5 0.4 -10.0 1.8 78.7 92.1
South Africa 0.1 0.1 2.9 3.1 53.3 54.8 0.1 0.2 8.1 9.3 0.1 0.1 0.9 1.5 7.5 -0.1 73.0 68.8
Other Non-OECD 2.5 1.8 18.0 27.7 9.2 9.5 1.0 0.6 0.3 0.0 4.2 4.4 0.8 1.2 0.5 -7.7 36.6 37.5
Tot. Imp./Exp. 174.7 177.9 227.3 240.3 235.8 246.7 45.4 44.0 19.6 18.0 47.4 51.6 18.3 19.3 24.7 17.0 793.3 814.8
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics and Secretariat sources.

Notes: Data in columns OECD Europe, Japan and North America are import statistics. Data in rows Australia to Total OECD
Notes: (except for above mentioned columns) are export statistics. Data in column World are export statistics.
Notes: All other data are based on national and international sources and estimates.
Notes: The sum of coking coal and steam coal may not add up to total hard coal due to rounding, which may also result in
Notes: discrepancies among tables 3.2 to 3.4 and other trade data in this publication.

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II.30 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II

Table 3.3 World Steam Coal Trade

(million tonnes)
Japan Other OECD Other Africa+ North Latin Balancing World
Asia Europe Europe Mid. East America America Item
Exporters 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006
Australia 67.4 60.4 39.6 43.1 7.6 6.9 - - 1.2 0.3 5.4 6.5 0.4 0.9 -15.2 -7.3 106.4 110.8
Canada 5.0 1.7 0.3 0.5 0.8 0.2 - - - - 0.8 0.8 0.3 0.3 -5.7 -0.9 1.5 2.8
Poland - - - - 15.5 14.6 0.0 0.1 0.4 - 0.1 - - - 0.2 -1.6 16.2 13.1
United States 0.9 - 0.8 0.5 2.4 4.1 1.0 1.0 0.1 0.2 7.3 6.4 0.8 0.2 5.9 7.6 19.1 19.9
Other OECD 0.6 - 0.0 0.0 4.6 4.4 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.2 - - 7.6 5.7 13.0 10.8
Total OECD 73.8 62.1 40.7 44.1 30.8 30.2 1.0 1.5 1.7 0.5 13.9 14.0 1.5 1.4 -7.3 3.6 156.2 157.4
China 15.2 14.8 42.7 33.2 1.9 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.4 - 5.4 10.5 65.7 58.9
Colombia - - - - 26.5 23.9 0.1 0.3 4.7 3.5 20.7 23.5 2.7 2.1 0.7 6.3 55.3 59.7
Indonesia 19.5 20.2 77.5 93.3 14.2 19.6 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 2.2 2.9 1.6 1.7 -24.4 -33.9 90.9 104.0
Kazakhstan - - - 0.0 0.1 0.2 22.1 26.2 - - - - - - 2.9 -0.7 25.2 25.7
Russia 7.2 6.1 5.6 7.7 48.7 54.6 13.0 4.4 0.1 0.2 0.5 1.1 0.5 0.4 -8.9 7.2 66.5 81.7
South Africa 0.1 0.1 2.9 2.5 53.0 54.7 0.1 0.1 8.1 9.3 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.7 7.0 0.4 71.9 67.7
Other Non-OECD 2.4 1.7 15.5 25.4 7.8 8.4 1.0 0.5 0.3 0.0 4.2 4.3 0.8 1.1 1.2 -4.0 33.3 37.4
Tot. Imp./Exp. 118.1 105.0 169.4 180.8 183.0 192.1 36.4 32.6 14.8 13.7 41.6 45.8 7.3 6.3 -5.6 16.3 565.0 592.6
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics and Secretariat sources.

Notes: Data in columns OECD Europe, Japan and North America are import statistics. Data in rows Australia to Total OECD
Notes: (except for above mentioned columns) are export statistics. Data in column World are export statistics.
Notes: All other data are based on national and international sources and estimates.
Notes: The sum of coking coal and steam coal may not add up to total hard coal due to rounding,
Notes: which may also result in discrepancies among tables 3.2 to 3.4 and other trade data in this publication.

Table 3.4 World Coking Coal Trade

(million tonnes)
Japan Other OECD Other Africa+ North Latin Balancing World
Asia Europe Europe Mid. East America America Item
Exporters 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006
Australia(1) 33.7 45.3 41.9 35.1 20.4 21.5 0.4 0.3 3.3 2.8 0.1 0.1 4.4 4.4 20.6 11.0 124.9 120.5
Canada 2.5 7.1 7.1 6.0 6.7 6.9 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.2 1.5 1.5 2.1 2.0 6.3 0.9 26.7 24.6
Poland - - - - 3.3 4.1 0.0 - 0.4 0.2 - - - 0.1 -0.5 -0.8 3.2 3.6
United States 0.4 0.2 1.8 1.0 13.8 12.6 1.5 1.2 0.7 1.0 4.2 4.1 3.3 4.2 0.3 0.5 26.0 24.9
Other OECD 0.3 1.0 0.4 0.4 3.8 4.6 0.1 1.7 - - - - 0.9 1.1 0.3 -1.4 5.8 7.3
Total OECD 36.9 53.6 51.2 42.5 48.0 49.7 2.3 3.3 4.7 4.3 5.8 5.7 10.8 11.7 27.0 10.1 186.6 181.0
China 6.6 4.3 4.0 4.1 0.3 0.3 - - - - - - - 0.2 -4.8 -4.5 6.1 4.4
Colombia - 0.0 - - 0.2 0.2 - - - - 0.0 0.0 - 0.3 -0.0 -0.5 0.1 -
Indonesia 9.8 11.8 2.0 10.9 - - - - - - - - - 0.1 7.1 2.6 18.9 25.3
Kazakhstan - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Russia 3.2 3.2 0.6 1.3 2.7 3.3 6.7 8.0 0.1 - - - - - -1.1 -5.4 12.1 10.4
South Africa 0.0 - - 0.6 0.3 0.1 - 0.1 0.0 - - - 0.3 0.8 0.5 -0.5 1.1 1.1
Other Non-OECD 0.0 0.1 2.5 2.3 1.4 1.1 - 0.1 - - 0.0 0.1 - 0.1 -0.8 -3.7 3.2 0.1
Tot. Imp./Exp. 56.6 72.9 57.9 59.5 52.9 54.6 8.9 11.4 4.9 4.3 5.8 5.8 11.0 13.0 30.3 0.6 228.2 222.2
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics and Secretariat sources.

Notes: Data in columns OECD Europe, Japan and North America are import statistics. Data in rows Australia to Total OECD
Notes: (except for above mentioned columns) are export statistics. Data in column World are export statistics.
Notes: All other data are based on national and international sources and estimates.
Notes: The sum of coking coal and steam coal may not add up to total hard coal due to rounding,
Notes: which may also result in discrepancies among tables 3.2 to 3.4 and other trade data in this publication.

(1) Includes exports of soft and semi-soft coking coal used for pulverised coal injection (PCI).

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 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.31

Table 3.5 World Hard Coal Imports - Regional Aggregates

(thousand tonnes)
World OECD Non Europe Former North Latin Asia Aus. + Africa
OECD USSR America America N.Z.
1983 269047 210596 58451 121693 12300 16550 6442 104536 - 2780
1984 312839 247420 65419 140868 13600 19777 8659 121869 - 3002
1985 343037 270255 72782 157123 11400 16940 9675 139623 - 3367
1986 340141 262819 77322 154247 12500 15562 10284 138678 - 3803
1987 345748 262166 83582 151858 10900 15953 11632 146927 1 4267
1988 372851 280843 92008 152353 13700 19493 11161 167252 1 4382
1989 376664 285891 90773 155483 12100 17135 12651 171075 1 4478
1990 492136 307323 184813 172034 106521 16846 13348 179181 7 3897
1991 488120 327735 160385 178882 86656 15667 13751 188895 1 4068
1992 472205 324363 147842 176435 66125 17087 12806 195706 1 3995
1993 443353 311397 131956 154780 45945 15180 13733 209776 1 3938
1994 461423 330417 131006 159575 41610 16536 15101 224085 - 4516
1995 492805 351082 141723 169290 42896 17100 15675 243141 - 4703
1996 502914 361605 141309 174607 35657 18580 18043 250246 - 5781
1997 532871 384150 148721 183227 32820 21821 18973 270244 - 5786
1998 540307 390351 149956 187818 33847 26746 19398 265384 - 7114
1999 541141 394064 147077 179584 24040 27043 19817 283945 - 6712
2000 608588 438842 169746 203010 34460 28687 19877 314539 - 8015
2001 650997 471464 179533 221285 35578 38057 17949 329026 - 9102
2002 669948 475108 194840 213883 29556 36519 18973 360959 - 10058
2003 713458 502631 210827 226861 39057 43427 19682 374651 - 9780
2004 774499 539210 235289 246373 33887 41353 22102 419057 876 10851
2005 789220 535797 253423 244198 31858 47406 22367 430286 1084 12021
2006e 819131 557175 261956 252762 34701 51607 20438 450457 1244 7908

Table 3.6 World Brown Coal Imports - Regional Aggregates

(thousand tonnes)
World OECD Non Europe Former North Latin Asia Aus. + Africa
OECD USSR America America N.Z.
1983 14393 14376 17 14376 15 - - 2 - -
1984 14428 14106 322 14316 15 - - 1 - -
1985 16063 15451 612 15931 15 - - 2 - -
1986 14713 13638 1075 14640 15 - - 1 - -
1987 15004 13347 1657 14954 15 - - 1 - -
1988 15295 13266 2029 15219 - - - 73 - -
1989 15080 12370 2710 14909 - - - 78 - -
1990 18092 10956 7136 15446 2571 - - 75 - -
1991 19372 13756 5616 16770 2600 - - 2 - -
1992 15079 11203 3876 13034 2043 1 - 1 - -
1993 13108 10279 2829 11340 1765 2 - 1 - -
1994 10506 8114 2392 8711 1793 1 - 1 - -
1995 10518 7250 3268 7956 2348 2 - 212 - -
1996 11033 7287 3746 8219 2321 469 - 24 - -
1997 9807 6744 3063 6496 2244 967 - 100 - -
1998 8944 6472 2472 5190 1505 2211 - 38 - -
1999 10200 7832 2368 4951 1473 3676 - 30 - -
2000 10558 8199 2359 4496 1451 4525 - 43 - -
2001 9788 7265 2523 4670 1477 3567 - 10 - -
2002 12056 10421 1635 3101 745 8197 - - - -
2003 13871 10785 3086 3378 1256 9228 - - - -
2004 11344 8024 3320 3119 1669 6544 - 3 - -
2005 13398 10563 2835 4085 655 8645 - - - -
2006e 12661 11877 784 2975 3 9681 - - 2 -
Note: Prior to 1990 excludes trade within Former USSR and Former Yugoslavia.

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II.32 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II

Table 3.7 World Hard Coal Imports - Selected Countries

(thousand tonnes)
Belgium France Ger- Spain UK USA Canada Russia India China Chinese Japan Korea
many Taipei
1983 7510 18545 14098 5909 4456 1153 15118 x 460 2140 6371 75125 10151
1984 9320 21618 13207 6993 8894 1167 18376 x 580 2490 7490 87227 12194
1985 9320 18835 15547 8416 12732 1771 14579 x 2030 2307 10091 93449 17131
1986 8521 16857 17165 8715 10554 2007 13311 x 2100 2471 10685 90392 16437
1987 9133 13309 14960 8886 9781 1585 14345 x 2970 1941 14022 90916 18279
1988 11065 12114 13304 8766 11685 1936 17477 x 3700 1743 17455 101241 22657
1989 12658 15943 11071 10569 12137 2587 14522 x 4410 2290 16780 101509 24216
1990 14761 19389 13580 10455 14783 2449 14169 53210 6046 2003 18468 106918 23729
1991 14421 21792 15423 12988 19611 3075 12567 46911 5272 1368 18382 112674 29094
1992 14014 21989 15452 14279 20339 3450 13003 39723 6495 1630 22092 110627 30781
1993 11894 14231 13090 12726 18400 6631 8468 28200 7330 1428 25294 112053 37381
1994 12659 12190 15483 11504 15088 6880 9366 27198 10556 1209 26668 121477 41009
1995 14099 13190 15052 13408 15896 6533 9749 22734 12512 1635 28681 127354 45831
1996 12814 15758 16348 11994 17799 6464 11180 20081 13175 3217 31088 130372 46074
1997 12796 13604 20031 11340 19757 6792 13853 20715 16440 2013 36252 136217 51997
1998 12634 18424 22249 14554 21244 7868 17691 21800 16535 1586 37103 130044 53586
1999 10836 17841 22678 20098 20293 8204 16330 16044 19700 1673 41105 138615 54569
2000 11347 18980 27948 21649 23446 11271 14984 25518 20930 2178 45424 150340 63724
2001 12681 15960 33511 18916 35542 18672 15944 27820 20548 2661 48797 154616 64967
2002 9906 18142 32607 24514 28686 16060 14563 20866 23260 11258 51952 161306 72051
2003 9390 16768 34917 21552 31891 22614 13577 25217 21683 11098 54747 166418 73607
2004 9790 19460 39536 24473 36153 24635 12626 22259 28484 18614 60633 180808 78963
2005 8804 19851 37105 24756 43968 27506 12639 22390 38586 26172 60366 174713 76758
2006e 8034 20391 41261 23704 51276 32691 11296 25754 40529 37485 63539 177920 79706

Table 3.8 World Brown Coal Imports - Selected Countries

(thousand tonnes)
Belgium France Ger- Spain UK USA Canada Russia India China Chinese Japan Korea
many Taipei
1983 98 6 2840 3 - - - x - - - - -
1984 196 9 2603 3 - - - x - - - - -
1985 278 38 2652 2 - - - x - - - - -
1986 257 60 2478 2 - - - x - - - - -
1987 264 49 2162 2 - - - x - - - - -
1988 226 49 1883 - - - - x - - - - -
1989 267 57 1990 - - - - x - - - - -
1990 276 69 2083 1 - - - - - - - - -
1991 276 2 3428 - - - - - - - - - -
1992 244 2 3640 - - - - - - - - - -
1993 226 - 2991 - - - - - - - - - -
1994 212 48 2623 265 - - - 5 - - - - -
1995 195 53 2132 481 - - - - - - - - -
1996 227 42 1950 136 - - 467 - - - - - -
1997 219 37 2151 - - - 965 89 - - - - -
1998 196 32 1944 - - 46 2163 22 - - - - -
1999 159 37 2053 - - 41 3630 3 - - - - -
2000 219 52 1796 - - 80 4441 10 - - - - -
2001 207 59 1997 - - 79 3486 242 - - - - -
2002 205 23 848 - - 121 8074 - - - - - -
2003 188 42 35 - - 107 9117 127 - - - - -
2004 190 40 17 - - 114 6426 170 - - - - -
2005 206 36 9 - - 128 8514 253 - - - - -
2006e 290 37 9 - - 191 9487 - - - - - -

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 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.33

Table 3.9 World Coking Coal Imports - Regional Aggregates

(thousand tonnes)
World OECD Non Europe Former North Latin Asia Aus. + Africa
OECD USSR America America N.Z.
1983 135326 110192 25134 43329 - 6432 6291 72529 - 2169
1984 156178 128248 27930 52836 - 6848 8506 80682 - 2420
1985 165969 135317 30652 56725 - 6778 9212 85953 - 2579
1986 158461 126549 31912 53101 - 5879 9903 82079 - 2627
1987 163111 128024 35087 55581 - 5612 11248 83700 - 2955
1988 177602 141526 36076 58726 - 6335 10691 94548 - 2996
1989 176540 139929 36611 59254 - 5943 11335 93672 - 2798
1990 170623 135933 34690 61339 124 4719 11831 90289 7 2252
1991 169048 136465 32583 57993 120 4769 12276 91566 - 2264
1992 166869 130743 36126 58019 124 4848 11867 89595 - 2416
1993 164656 129411 35245 54714 291 4681 12313 90154 - 2503
1994 174782 132507 42275 56733 3297 4467 12585 94851 - 2849
1995 181318 133802 47516 59187 8176 4129 13189 94151 - 2486
1996 183412 136766 46646 59711 7319 4833 14402 94458 - 2689
1997 186268 136901 49367 62847 4887 4301 14387 97122 - 2724
1998 180131 135787 44344 63661 3402 5647 14479 89530 - 3412
1999 172508 130064 42444 56468 2351 5106 14406 91136 - 3041
2000 182985 138570 44415 59805 2961 5843 14817 96037 - 3522
2001 177447 132756 44691 55522 2605 6078 14600 95222 - 3420
2002 183460 133810 49650 53320 1642 6522 14865 102693 - 4418
2003 185871 130279 55592 51013 4342 4828 15139 106186 - 4363
2004 208811 140316 68495 56404 6830 5416 16063 119457 - 4641
2005 200902 135845 65057 56969 7770 5767 15711 110136 - 4549
2006e 216558 153448 63110 57437 6409 5786 15046 129057 8 2815

Table 3.10 World Steam Coal Imports - Regional Aggregates

(thousand tonnes)
World OECD Non Europe Former North Latin Asia Aus. + Africa
OECD USSR America America N.Z.
1983 133721 100404 33317 78364 12300 10118 151 32007 - 611
1984 156661 119172 37489 88032 13600 12929 153 41187 - 582
1985 177068 134938 42130 100398 11400 10162 463 53670 - 788
1986 181680 136270 45410 101146 12500 9683 381 56599 - 1176
1987 182637 134142 48495 96277 10900 10341 384 63227 1 1312
1988 195249 139317 55932 93627 13700 13158 470 72704 1 1386
1989 200124 145962 54162 96229 12100 11192 1316 77403 1 1680
1990 321513 171390 150123 110695 106397 12127 1517 88892 - 1645
1991 319072 191270 127802 120889 86536 10898 1475 97329 1 1804
1992 305336 193620 111716 118416 66001 12239 939 106111 1 1579
1993 278697 181986 96711 100066 45654 10499 1420 119622 1 1435
1994 286641 197910 88731 102842 38313 12069 2516 129234 - 1667
1995 311487 217280 94207 110103 34720 12971 2486 148990 - 2217
1996 319502 224839 94663 114896 28338 13747 3641 155788 - 3092
1997 346603 247249 99354 120380 27933 17520 4586 173122 - 3062
1998 360176 254564 105612 124157 30445 21099 4919 175854 - 3702
1999 368633 264000 104633 123116 21689 21937 5411 192809 - 3671
2000 425603 300272 125331 143205 31499 22844 5060 218502 - 4493
2001 473550 338708 134842 165763 32973 31979 3349 233804 - 5682
2002 486488 341298 145190 160563 27914 29997 4108 258266 - 5640
2003 527587 372352 155235 175848 34715 38599 4543 268465 - 5417
2004 565688 398894 166794 189969 27057 35937 6039 299600 876 6210
2005 588318 399952 188366 187229 24088 41639 6656 320150 1084 7472
2006e 602573 403727 198846 195325 28292 45821 5392 321400 1236 5093
Note: Prior to 1990 excludes trade within Former USSR and Former Yugoslavia.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

II.34 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II

Table 3.11 World Coking Coal Imports - Selected Countries

(thousand tonnes)
Belgium France Ger- Spain UK USA Canada Russia India China Chinese Japan Korea
many Taipei
1983 3148 6528 1818 3127 2444 - 6153 x 460 - 2624 59651 6394
1984 4978 7711 1965 3428 5472 - 6614 x 580 - 2724 67937 6321
1985 4663 7773 2235 4090 7150 - 6188 x 2030 200 2802 69242 8125
1986 4041 7614 2246 3097 6257 - 5635 x 2100 529 2717 66445 6575
1987 4874 7532 2200 3437 6492 - 5589 x 2970 224 3490 63935 9247
1988 6838 8165 2248 3643 7082 - 6255 x 3700 50 4687 71128 11237
1989 7064 7769 2281 4000 7998 - 5917 x 4410 303 4921 68689 11651
1990 7132 7848 1706 4169 8614 - 4491 - 5854 250 4237 64935 11287
1991 6426 7660 1057 4652 9196 - 4744 - 5272 408 4350 61839 15572
1992 5795 7457 1357 4343 8385 - 4848 - 6325 400 3998 57898 16381
1993 4748 6904 987 4572 8602 - 4681 - 6936 - 4125 57104 17321
1994 4444 6747 1093 3893 8065 - 4467 3237 9874 - 4161 60301 16902
1995 5267 7300 1427 3244 7754 - 4129 2215 9378 - 4580 59799 17151
1996 5325 7387 2189 3318 8245 - 4833 1708 10617 - 4112 59479 18226
1997 4328 7235 2536 3745 8072 - 4301 1274 11745 398 6300 59098 17395
1998 4195 7052 4299 3905 8646 1050 4597 292 10023 103 5983 53649 17979
1999 3953 6950 3519 3548 8020 1065 4041 2 10992 263 5775 54880 17227
2000 3818 6543 4608 3755 8462 1547 4296 200 11063 339 6093 57081 19575
2001 4169 6942 3984 3424 7723 2091 3987 - 11107 277 7342 56625 17899
2002 3363 6405 5174 3425 6315 2207 4315 - 12947 256 8642 58435 20003
2003 3220 5577 5504 3321 6474 1556 3272 - 12992 2605 8925 57744 20315
2004 3577 6798 6875 4043 6345 1987 3429 - 16925 6830 9027 60837 21808
2005 3533 6188 7152 3571 6551 1603 4164 866 16891 7195 5210 56577 20627
2006e 3490 6005 8604 3622 6874 1533 4253 - 18626 8662 6019 72933 20081

Table 3.12 World Steam Coal Imports - Selected Countries

(thousand tonnes)
Belgium France Ger- Spain UK USA Canada Russia India China Chinese Japan Korea
many Taipei
1983 4362 12017 12280 2782 2012 1153 8965 x - 2140 3747 15474 3757
1984 4342 13907 11242 3565 3422 1167 11762 x - 2490 4766 19290 5873
1985 4657 11062 13312 4326 5582 1771 8391 x - 2107 7289 24207 9006
1986 4480 9243 14919 5618 4297 2007 7676 x - 1942 7968 23947 9862
1987 4259 5777 12760 5449 3289 1585 8756 x - 1717 10532 26981 9032
1988 4227 3949 11056 5123 4603 1936 11222 x - 1693 12768 30113 11420
1989 5594 8174 8790 6569 4139 2587 8605 x - 1987 11859 32820 12565
1990 7629 11541 11874 6286 6169 2449 9678 53210 192 1753 14231 41983 12442
1991 7995 14132 14366 8336 10415 3075 7823 46911 - 960 14032 50835 13522
1992 8219 14532 14095 9936 11954 3450 8155 39723 170 1230 18094 52729 14400
1993 7146 7327 12103 8154 9798 6631 3787 28200 394 1428 21169 54949 20060
1994 8215 5443 14390 7611 7023 6880 4899 23961 682 1209 22507 61176 24107
1995 8832 5890 13625 10164 8142 6533 5620 20519 3134 1635 24101 67555 28680
1996 7489 8371 14159 8676 9554 6464 6347 18373 2558 3217 26976 70893 27848
1997 8468 6369 17495 7595 11685 6792 9552 19441 4695 1615 29952 77119 34602
1998 8439 11372 17950 10649 12598 6818 13094 21508 6512 1483 31120 76395 35607
1999 6883 10891 19159 16550 12273 7139 12289 16042 8708 1410 35330 83735 37342
2000 7529 12437 23340 17894 14984 9724 10688 25318 9867 1839 39331 93259 44149
2001 8512 9018 29527 15492 27819 16581 11957 27820 9441 2384 41455 97991 47068
2002 6543 11737 27433 21089 22371 13853 10248 20866 10313 11002 43310 102871 52048
2003 6170 11191 29413 18231 25417 21058 10305 25217 8691 8493 45822 108674 53292
2004 6213 12662 32661 20430 29808 22648 9197 22259 11559 11784 51606 119971 57155
2005 5271 13663 29953 21185 37417 25903 8475 21524 21695 18977 55156 118136 56131
2006e 4544 14386 32657 20082 44402 31158 7043 25754 21903 28823 57520 104987 59625

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.35

Table 3.13 OECD Coke Oven Coke Imports(1)

(thousand tonnes)

1973 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Australia - - - - - - - - - - -
Austria 1055 986 1274 815 718 981 1073 1173 1266 1402 1281
Belgium 1110 1261 676 822 1259 1108 283 216 277 152 64
Canada 357 267 340 339 818 631 343 180 265 88 998
Czech Republic - - - - 320 602 523 700 756 510 745
Denmark 129 112 75 41 45 47 38 32 42 36 38
Finland 832 1229 1231 786 274 505 476 493 511 505 508
France 3646 3000 2147 1109 885 1448 1347 1520 1280 1523 1461
Germany 4497 4202 2693 2001 2601 5987 6052 5200 4410 3793 3604
Greece 45 35 53 32 11 1 3 4 4 4 4
Hungary 1207 1468 1486 478 351 5 364 222 189 205 48
Iceland - 16 34 30 18 47 48 53 52 33 34
Ireland 13 8 22 29 6 - - - - - -
Italy 82 101 134 115 745 506 670 1575 1086 848 716
Japan - - - 261 493 2467 2316 2396 2950 2500 1402
Korea 38 121 106 - - - - - 687 341 314
Luxembourg 3247 2292 1854 1447 521 - - - - - -
Mexico 150 122 121 124 437 631 398 511 528 390 323
Netherlands 677 832 405 360 649 758 575 604 334 341 193
New Zealand - - - - - - - - - - -
Norway 577 531 700 534 522 543 369 381 457 382 390
Poland - - - - 34 16 34 26 151 117 96
Portugal 38 102 157 13 34 - 19 13 10 6 -
Slovak Republic 922 130 268 456 178 155 171 314 287 260 518
Spain 459 553 209 172 846 137 208 218 170 136 155
Sweden 1495 453 386 318 484 328 566 486 500 393 217
Switzerland 158 127 77 27 24 27 32 25 20 20 26
Turkey - - 40 - 182 722 694 509 390 414 200
United Kingdom 53 - 374 304 640 483 238 978 1046 921 993
United States 978 598 524 694 1648 3430 2941 2502 6236 3202 3690

IEA Europe 19320 17292 13993 9403 11117 14188 13530 14349 12748 11591 10643
OECD Europe 20242 17438 14295 9889 11347 14406 13783 14742 13238 12001 11291
IEA North America 1335 865 864 1033 2466 4061 3284 2682 6501 3290 4688
OECD North America 1485 987 985 1157 2903 4692 3682 3193 7029 3680 5011
OECD Pacific 38 121 106 261 493 2467 2316 2396 3637 2841 1716

IEA Total 20693 18278 14963 10697 14076 20716 19130 19427 22886 17722 17047
OECD Total 21765 18546 15386 11307 14743 21565 19781 20331 23904 18522 18018
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Solid product obtained from carbonization of coal, principally coking coal, used mainly in the iron and steel industry.
(1) Also includes coke and semi-coke made from lignite.
(1) For further information, see Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

II.36 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II

Table 3.14 World Hard Coal Exports - Regional Aggregates

(thousand tonnes)
World OECD Non Europe Former North Latin Asia Aus. + Africa
OECD USSR America America N.Z.
1983 268447 203088 65359 60082 25700 87450 311 7730 55766 31408
1984 307628 231006 76622 65346 27900 99049 721 8593 66893 39126
1985 345350 253180 92170 57559 31200 111426 3166 9967 84194 47838
1986 348089 248878 99211 55590 35400 103448 5084 12039 90166 46362
1987 349088 243566 105522 48801 37700 98990 8938 16792 96014 41853
1988 390114 270519 119595 49933 46400 118021 11146 17718 102565 44331
1989 390638 270482 120156 46380 39800 124314 14176 19089 99788 47091
1990 504671 275708 228963 45057 139934 126918 15371 23593 103732 50066
1991 488659 288148 200511 34442 104936 132913 18590 29471 120792 47515
1992 482371 279476 202895 31341 92050 121120 16930 41769 127012 52149
1993 439855 262671 177184 34250 63598 95881 21441 40360 132540 51785
1994 451497 270712 180785 42033 53662 96432 22613 49427 132245 55085
1995 494475 298474 196001 45893 49630 114544 22553 63935 138036 59884
1996 516045 301175 214870 41950 48574 116777 28398 77504 142446 60396
1997 543143 313782 229361 43309 50876 111674 32685 81468 158801 64330
1998 549718 319135 230583 45959 49240 105286 35969 83884 167889 61491
1999 548121 300471 247650 40263 46889 87030 36760 97642 173194 66343
2000 615223 315474 299749 41477 67995 85511 43321 117905 188491 70523
2001 668189 317548 350641 49881 72300 73692 46428 162606 193970 69312
2002 658038 309171 348867 42030 69239 60874 43854 166436 206266 69339
2003 708799 312629 396170 37788 84456 63892 52392 187693 210959 71619
2004 747413 329158 418255 39738 96492 69094 57650 196071 220334 68034
2005 787660 342792 444868 35865 108556 73283 60833 203972 233642 71509
2006e 814774 338381 476393 32075 121384 72286 67177 218485 234020 69347

Table 3.15 World Brown Coal Exports - Regional Aggregates

(thousand tonnes)
World OECD Non Europe Former North Latin Asia Aus. + Africa
OECD USSR America America N.Z.
1983 11565 10532 1033 10418 - 114 - - - -
1984 10880 10361 519 10353 - 8 - 300 - -
1985 12093 11363 730 11333 - 30 - 225 - -
1986 12734 11919 815 11882 - 37 107 300 - -
1987 12388 11710 678 11678 - 32 - 611 - -
1988 12285 11194 1091 11187 - 7 - 1041 - -
1989 11486 10710 776 10700 - 10 - 776 - -
1990 15532 10022 5510 10078 4657 79 - 490 - -
1991 14749 10905 3844 11028 3445 55 - 121 - -
1992 12943 9715 3228 9781 2919 55 - 88 - -
1993 10872 9533 1339 9512 1323 29 - - - -
1994 7540 7029 511 6984 505 51 - - - -
1995 9445 6874 2571 6981 2462 - - 2 - -
1996 8524 5718 2806 6209 2303 11 - 1 - -
1997 6091 4868 1223 4937 1152 2 - - - -
1998 5882 4095 1787 3804 1782 293 - 3 - -
1999 5124 3329 1795 3299 1727 47 - 51 - -
2000 4710 2865 1845 2812 1790 55 - 53 - -
2001 4859 3159 1700 3055 1593 161 - 50 - -
2002 3283 2234 1049 2060 919 242 - 62 - -
2003 3545 1378 2167 1238 1533 229 - 545 - -
2004 3950 1475 2475 1334 603 309 - 1704 - -
2005 5631 1941 3690 1788 848 351 - 2644 - -
2006e 4585 2439 2146 2039 - 430 - 2116 - -
Note: Prior to 1990 excludes trade within Former USSR and Former Yugoslavia.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.37

Table 3.16 World Hard Coal Exports - Selected Countries

(thousand tonnes)
Poland Canada USA Aus- Co- Vene- Russia Kazakh- Ukraine China India Indo- South
tralia lombia zuela stan nesia Africa
1983 35144 17011 70439 55544 278 - x x x 6560 80 424 31220
1984 43024 25138 73911 66522 721 - x x x 6955 130 882 38857
1985 36124 27378 84048 83799 3166 - x x x 7770 210 1081 47630
1986 34940 25904 77543 89884 5084 - x x x 9817 160 942 46185
1987 30179 26740 72186 95714 8938 - x x x 13530 170 892 41700
1988 32341 31732 86203 102200 10121 1025 x x x 15646 200 1037 44170
1989 28943 32817 91457 99302 12487 1689 x x x 15338 160 2546 46931
1990 28065 31000 95912 103396 13505 1834 56051 51480 22217 17290 100 4871 49900
1991 19534 34103 98809 120183 16379 2196 37402 51963 12722 20001 110 7615 47357
1992 19602 28165 92955 126242 14614 2309 40500 42459 7342 23363 130 16058 52059
1993 22968 28274 67602 131752 17616 3825 25881 33821 3101 19815 100 18239 51711
1994 27695 31695 64736 131201 18437 4135 23100 26000 4106 24194 673 21905 54838
1995 31868 34215 80329 136702 18274 4242 26263 20768 2400 28617 651 31322 59676
1996 28920 34686 82076 140856 24781 3617 25341 20840 2289 36485 478 36443 60224
1997 29466 35886 75788 157557 27580 5105 23493 24857 2374 35331 540 41727 64200
1998 28055 33186 72098 166796 30061 5908 24042 23294 1881 32297 823 47206 61300
1999 24102 33960 53001 171861 29932 6828 27709 17025 2138 37437 1156 55318 66235
2000 23245 32501 53006 186962 35391 7930 36737 28933 2320 55057 1292 57389 69909
2001 23029 29618 44066 192178 38868 7560 41553 26996 3729 90125 1903 65281 69210
2002 22623 25066 35805 204334 36510 7344 43497 22540 3092 83887 1517 74178 69231
2003 20119 24996 38896 208749 45644 6748 54625 26916 2912 93986 1627 84681 71531
2004 19684 25743 43351 218426 50902 6748 68616 23993 3883 86613 1294 96262 67946
2005 19369 28188 45095 231311 53607 7143 79706 25172 3666 71676 1989 110998 71442
2006e 16617 27426 44860 231300 59689 7405 92089 25724 3464 63258 1606 129342 68836

Table 3.17 World Brown Coal Exports - Selected Countries

(thousand tonnes)
Poland Canada USA Aus- Co- Vene- Russia Kazakh- Ukraine China India Indo- South
tralia lombia zuela stan nesia Africa
1983 200 - 114 - - - x x x - - - -
1984 - - 8 - - - x x x - - - -
1985 201 - 30 - - - x x x - - - -
1986 1 - 37 - - - x x x - - - -
1987 1 - 32 - - - x x x - - - -
1988 - 7 - - - - x x x - - - -
1989 - 10 - - - - x x x - - - -
1990 193 9 70 - - - 3134 - 1433 - - - -
1991 1275 10 45 - - - 2979 - 348 - - - -
1992 978 9 46 - - - 2896 - - - - - -
1993 909 29 - - - - 1321 - - - - - -
1994 719 51 - - - - 232 266 - - - - -
1995 368 - - - - - 2171 202 - - - - -
1996 45 11 - - - - 2059 232 1 - - - -
1997 37 - 2 - - - 883 223 - - - - -
1998 23 - 293 - - - 1620 109 - - - - -
1999 13 - 47 - - - 1604 73 - - - - -
2000 9 - 55 - - - 1592 147 9 - - - -
2001 15 78 83 - - - 1245 299 - - - - -
2002 41 120 122 - - - 783 87 3 - - - -
2003 36 109 120 - - - 1317 184 2 - - - -
2004 27 117 192 - - - 315 249 2 - - - -
2005 8 140 211 - - - 552 261 - - - 233 -
2006e - 251 179 - - - - - - - - - -

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

II.38 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II

Table 3.18 World Coking Coal Exports - Regional Aggregates

(thousand tonnes)
World OECD Non Europe Former North Latin Asia Aus. + Africa
OECD USSR America America N.Z.
1983 125836 112230 13606 13384 8000 59874 - 2305 38967 3306
1984 145596 130356 15240 13132 8000 72766 - 2442 44453 4803
1985 157885 139140 18745 11146 11000 77198 - 2604 50795 5142
1986 152194 130253 21941 9858 13000 71306 - 3074 49089 5867
1987 155730 128340 27390 8867 19000 69382 - 3635 50091 4755
1988 177808 148461 29347 8407 21000 83895 - 3331 56159 5016
1989 181811 154663 27148 9819 20000 87800 - 2987 57044 4161
1990 198183 151443 46740 8555 39348 84425 - 3759 58463 3633
1991 192458 160466 31992 6718 24136 87432 - 4333 66316 3523
1992 192653 151309 41344 5558 31664 77034 - 4592 68717 5088
1993 181362 161282 20080 17422 14077 68967 - 5979 74895 22
1994 190787 158680 32107 15843 24848 70007 - 7259 72830 -
1995 190167 169990 20177 18219 10692 75819 - 9484 75953 -
1996 189232 170450 18782 14826 8078 76758 - 10704 78866 -
1997 193655 175579 18076 12982 9865 77406 - 8211 85191 -
1998 181025 166212 14813 10267 6723 71075 - 8090 84870 -
1999 183534 162552 20982 10456 6601 58092 - 14366 94004 15
2000 188849 169287 19562 9747 7715 58166 - 11348 101374 499
2001 201185 165587 35598 8301 14431 49967 - 20194 107319 973
2002 188760 157908 30852 7640 9199 42503 - 20894 107765 759
2003 199031 160526 38505 6767 9494 43755 - 28427 110004 584
2004 203046 168593 34453 6761 12352 48196 - 21180 113640 917
2005 221873 186603 35270 6647 10492 52711 - 24254 127245 524
2006e 222169 180959 41210 8174 10365 49586 2 29754 123199 1089

Table 3.19 World Steam Coal Exports - Regional Aggregates

(thousand tonnes)
World OECD Non Europe Former North Latin Asia Aus. + Africa
OECD USSR America America N.Z.
1983 142611 90858 51753 46698 17700 27576 311 5425 16799 28102
1984 162032 100650 61382 52214 19900 26283 721 6151 22440 34323
1985 187465 114040 73425 46413 20200 34228 3166 7363 33399 42696
1986 195895 118625 77270 45732 22400 32142 5084 8965 41077 40495
1987 193358 115226 78132 39934 18700 29608 8938 13157 45923 37098
1988 212306 122058 90248 41526 25400 34126 11146 14387 46406 39315
1989 208827 115819 93008 36561 19800 36514 14176 16102 42744 42930
1990 306488 124265 182223 36502 100586 42493 15371 19834 45269 46433
1991 296201 127682 168519 27724 80800 45481 18590 25138 54476 43992
1992 289718 128167 161551 25783 60386 44086 16930 37177 58295 47061
1993 258493 101389 157104 16828 49521 26914 21441 34381 57645 51763
1994 260710 112032 148678 26190 28814 26425 22613 42168 59415 55085
1995 304308 128484 175824 27674 38938 38725 22553 54451 62083 59884
1996 326813 130725 196088 27124 40496 40019 28398 66800 63580 60396
1997 349488 138203 211285 30327 41011 34268 32685 73257 73610 64330
1998 368693 152923 215770 35692 42517 34211 35969 75794 83019 61491
1999 364587 137919 226668 29807 40288 28938 36760 83276 79190 66328
2000 426374 146187 280187 31730 60280 27345 43321 106557 87117 70024
2001 467004 151961 315043 41580 57869 23725 46428 142412 86651 68339
2002 469278 151263 318015 34390 60040 18371 43854 145542 98501 68580
2003 509768 152103 357665 31021 74962 20137 52392 159266 100955 71035
2004 544367 160565 383802 32977 84140 20898 57650 174891 106694 67117
2005 565787 156189 409598 29218 98064 20572 60833 179718 106397 70985
2006e 592605 157422 435183 23901 111019 22700 67175 188731 110821 68258
Note: Prior to 1990 excludes trade within Former USSR and Former Yugoslavia.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.39

Table 3.20 World Coking Coal Exports - Selected Countries

(thousand tonnes)
Poland Canada USA Aus- Co- Vene- Russia Kazakh- Ukraine China India Indo- South
tralia lombia zuela stan nesia Africa
1983 - 14547 45327 38771 - - x x x 2300 - - 3306
1984 - 21079 51687 44082 - - x x x 2400 - 37 4803
1985 - 22483 54715 50480 - - x x x 2500 - 103 5142
1986 - 21431 49874 48807 - - x x x 2988 - 86 5867
1987 - 22436 46882 49792 - - x x x 3579 - 56 4755
1988 - 27609 56200 55794 - - x x x 3241 - 90 5016
1989 - 28677 59083 56558 - - x x x 2896 - 91 4161
1990 - 26851 57568 58127 - - 31573 - 7775 3473 - 286 3633
1991 - 28786 58645 65707 - - 15633 - 8503 3840 - 493 3523
1992 - 23124 53910 67947 - - 24322 - 7342 3700 - 892 5088
1993 12829 23921 45044 74114 - - 6729 4247 3101 4283 - 1696 -
1994 10694 27066 42941 71786 - - 17367 3375 4106 4906 254 2099 -
1995 12296 28564 47255 74619 - - 8693 1999 - 6744 329 2411 -
1996 9886 28722 48036 77276 - - 6538 1509 31 7487 188 3029 -
1997 9138 30092 47314 83947 - - 8450 1371 44 4601 272 3338 -
1998 6506 28353 42722 83777 - - 6440 271 12 4855 385 2850 -
1999 6635 28946 29146 92671 - - 6400 184 17 5246 774 8346 -
2000 5290 28386 29780 99845 - - 7300 393 22 6470 624 4254 -
2001 3813 26914 23053 105527 - - 14431 - - 11445 879 7870 970
2002 3521 22964 19539 105833 - - 9196 - 3 13295 163 7436 759
2003 2710 23716 20039 107794 - - 9470 - 24 13135 158 15134 584
2004 3036 23847 24349 111732 - - 11935 - 417 5757 114 15309 917
2005 3151 26710 26001 124914 - - 9983 - 509 5260 46 18948 524
2006e 3550 24640 24946 120479 - - 10357 - 8 4365 42 25347 1089

Table 3.21 World Steam Coal Exports - Selected Countries

(thousand tonnes)
Poland Canada USA Aus- Co- Vene- Russia Kazakh- Ukraine China India Indo- South
tralia lombia zuela stan nesia Africa
1983 35144 2464 25112 16773 278 - x x x 4260 80 424 27914
1984 43024 4059 22224 22440 721 - x x x 4555 130 845 34054
1985 36124 4895 29333 33319 3166 - x x x 5270 210 978 42488
1986 34940 4473 27669 41077 5084 - x x x 6829 160 856 40318
1987 30179 4304 25304 45922 8938 - x x x 9951 170 836 36945
1988 32341 4123 30003 46406 10121 1025 x x x 12405 200 947 39154
1989 28943 4140 32374 42744 12487 1689 x x x 12442 160 2455 42770
1990 28065 4149 38344 45269 13505 1834 24478 51480 14442 13817 100 4585 46267
1991 19534 5317 40164 54476 16379 2196 21769 51963 4219 16161 110 7122 43834
1992 19602 5041 39045 58295 14614 2309 16178 42459 - 19663 130 15166 46971
1993 10139 4353 22558 57638 17616 3825 19152 29574 - 15532 100 16543 51711
1994 17001 4629 21795 59415 18437 4135 5733 22625 - 19288 419 19806 54838
1995 19572 5651 33074 62083 18274 4242 17570 18769 2400 21873 322 28911 59676
1996 19034 5964 34040 63580 24781 3617 18803 19331 2258 28998 290 33414 60224
1997 20328 5794 28474 73610 27580 5105 15043 23486 2330 30730 268 38389 64200
1998 21549 4833 29376 83019 30061 5908 17602 23023 1869 27442 438 44356 61300
1999 17467 5014 23855 79190 29932 6828 21309 16841 2121 32191 382 46972 66235
2000 17955 4115 23226 87117 35391 7930 29437 28540 2298 48587 668 53135 69909
2001 19216 2704 21013 86651 38868 7560 27122 26996 3729 78680 1024 57411 68240
2002 19102 2102 16266 98501 36510 7344 34301 22540 3089 70592 1354 66742 68472
2003 17409 1280 18857 100955 45644 6748 45155 26916 2888 80851 1469 69547 70947
2004 16648 1896 19002 106694 50902 6748 56681 23993 3466 80856 1180 80953 67029
2005 16218 1478 19094 106397 53607 7143 69723 25172 3157 66416 1943 92050 70918
2006e 13067 2786 19914 110821 59689 7405 81732 25724 3456 58893 1564 103995 67747

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

II.40 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II

Table 3.22 OECD Coke Oven Coke Exports(1)

(thousand tonnes)

1973 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Australia - 122 11 574 334 22 136 262 260 1 -

Austria 82 2 5 1 1 1 2 3 42 7 3
Belgium 469 768 847 915 557 293 142 105 82 20 178
Canada 368 80 22 193 334 300 141 67 130 154 103
Czech Republic 3467 2450 1927 1451 1409 948 946 944 958 913 980
Denmark - - 1 - - - - - 2 - -
Finland 24 5 13 1 2 - - - - - -
France 1012 870 553 383 307 711 357 417 850 646 701
Germany 10197 7692 6038 2945 287 75 83 92 98 75 88
Greece 31 - - - - - - - - - -
Hungary 103 - - - 420 183 62 66 80 53 211
Iceland - - - - - - - - - - -
Ireland - - - - - - - - - - -
Italy 628 747 451 201 130 123 128 165 244 229 220
Japan 600 2068 4055 1880 3428 2593 3231 2599 2035 1674 1965
Korea - - - - - - - - - - -
Luxembourg - - - - - - - - - - -
Mexico - 79 95 4 1 2 1 2 2 2 3
Netherlands 680 702 880 829 1089 830 694 567 346 358 546
New Zealand - - - - - - - - - - -
Norway 51 36 122 5 - 2 - - - 2 -
Poland 2780 1770 1639 3662 3331 3691 4226 5267 5258 4624 6238
Portugal 16 - - 11 74 80 - - - - -
Slovak Republic - 13 23 - 58 59 162 104 54 138 145
Spain 2 3 11 42 81 744 615 750 985 610 1047
Sweden 11 114 77 41 67 29 18 58 35 35 26
Switzerland - - - 4 - - - - - - 7
Turkey - - - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom 665 1265 1163 435 264 381 318 138 142 119 168
United States 1266 1879 1018 519 680 1039 718 655 1196 1585 1466

IEA Europe 17438 14654 12088 7264 4688 4400 3365 3305 3864 3067 4175
OECD Europe 20218 16437 13750 10926 8077 8150 7753 8676 9176 7829 10558
IEA North America 1634 1959 1040 712 1014 1339 859 722 1326 1739 1569
OECD North America 1634 2038 1135 716 1015 1341 860 724 1328 1741 1572
OECD Pacific 600 2190 4066 2454 3762 2615 3367 2861 2295 1675 1965

IEA Total 19672 18803 17194 10430 9464 8354 7591 6888 7485 6481 7709
OECD Total 22452 20665 18951 14096 12854 12106 11980 12261 12799 11245 14095
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Solid product obtained from carbonization of coal, principally coking coal, used mainly in the iron and steel industry.
(1) Also includes coke and semi-coke made from lignite.
(1) For further information, see Principles and Definitions.

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 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.41

4. PRICES

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 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.43

Table 4.1 Japan Coking Coal Import Costs

(Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/t)
Total(1) Australia Canada USA South Russia(2) China
(all sources) Africa
1986 57.42 52.82 66.65 64.71 46.99 52.73 47.22
1987 53.97 48.27 65.43 64.05 43.35 48.63 43.31
1988 55.05 48.31 67.36 60.35 42.55 50.14 46.06
1989 58.39 52.58 69.73 63.34 47.68 54.65 52.08
1990 60.72 55.27 71.27 66.90 50.11 57.45 54.38
1991 60.61 56.64 71.85 66.16 51.94 56.86 53.22
1992 57.86 53.55 70.98 63.68 52.36 55.80 51.66
1993 55.39 51.49 67.12 61.82 46.78 54.37 50.52
1994 51.91 47.89 64.65 59.34 46.93 51.80 47.03
1995 55.03 51.15 64.49 61.37 49.54 54.81 49.49
1996 56.39 54.07 64.44 61.05 50.94 57.21 51.88
1997 55.19 52.73 64.84 61.24 49.64 57.09 49.98
1998 50.98 49.47 59.73 59.53 47.06 54.63 46.78
1999 42.95 41.83 51.05 55.79 39.74 45.17 40.01
2000 39.46 39.01 45.46 52.69 39.99 43.62 37.12
2001 41.13 40.96 47.30 47.81 47.09 45.52 39.35
2002 42.14 43.32 50.50 52.07 x 45.59 38.97
2003 41.73 43.56 51.64 42.93 x 46.05 39.09
2004 61.40 56.85 62.04 163.61 x 67.98 72.57
2005 88.80 96.44 106.05 159.01 x 114.96 100.45
2006 93.10 106.20 125.68 159.35 x 116.69 91.98
Note: It should be noted that as a result of the import coal classification system used by Japanese customs authorities, most imports of Indonesian
Note: coal are recorded by customs as coking coal even though most of the coal is not used in the metallurgical industry. As this coal has a lower
Note: unit value than coking coal reported in other categories, the data presented in the Total column in this table, from 1991 onwards, tend to
Note: understate the total average unit value of coals imported into Japan for metallurgical use. Prior to 1991, the volume of imports reported by
Note: customs in this way was not so large as to significantly affect the total averages.

Table 4.2 EU Coking Coal Import Costs from Selected Countries

(Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/t)
(1)
Total Australia Canada USA South Russia(2) Poland
(all sources) Africa
1986 57.99 56.24 56.44 59.46 38.51 50.37 60.54
1987 55.24 52.90 54.24 56.85 35.54 54.39 54.74
1988 56.95 53.10 52.85 57.30 39.86 50.68 54.82
1989 58.09 53.87 57.32 58.38 36.57 53.49 56.77
1990 65.01 67.29 64.53 63.07 58.81 57.44 63.98
1991 61.75 60.84 60.80 61.65 51.55 51.33 59.20
1992 60.95 60.76 61.51 61.22 50.54 47.95 59.64
1993 55.82 55.67 55.40 57.13 48.21 36.22 54.09
1994 55.97 55.56 52.42 58.22 44.13 46.11 53.55
1995 58.49 57.03 57.02 61.20 49.65 56.00 59.26
1996 59.74 59.72 58.52 62.03 47.44 59.88 61.11
1997 57.99 57.97 57.61 60.08 43.31 54.93 61.02
1998 54.53 55.00 54.18 58.53 35.83 51.08 52.52
1999 48.97 47.33 45.58 54.14 36.21 57.96 47.48
2000 47.88 45.45 45.92 52.91 39.09 42.02 50.43
2001 53.56 51.24 54.59 58.54 42.10 58.89 51.58
2002 56.63 55.52 56.90 61.48 38.69 58.11 50.15
2003 59.61 58.03 61.31 64.18 39.20 47.45 62.24
2004 78.12 73.63 76.64 84.75 61.31 86.41 108.71
2005 109.61 114.89 113.81 110.91 71.77 86.05 138.92
2006 125.86 135.52 137.66 123.44 66.18 81.34 118.82
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes (Table 21 and Table 19)
(1) Weighted average based only on imports for which prices are available. Calculated average prices may not be comparable
(1) from one year to the next due to differing components.
(2) Former USSR prior to 1991.

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II.44 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II

Table 4.3 Japan Steam Coal Import Costs

(Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/t)
Total(1) Australia USA South Russia(2) China Canada
(all sources) Africa
1986 44.86 44.44 55.11 44.96 44.27 45.98 44.02
1987 41.49 42.27 46.89 40.91 39.44 37.80 40.61
1988 42.64 43.34 48.05 41.16 40.24 38.52 42.96
1989 48.84 49.78 52.78 44.67 45.43 45.74 45.38
1990 50.97 52.23 53.17 47.95 46.54 47.59 48.26
1991 50.43 51.68 52.36 48.36 44.93 47.69 46.76
1992 48.47 49.29 51.22 46.93 43.73 46.04 46.30
1993 45.92 46.31 51.05 44.34 40.24 43.55 45.76
1994 43.88 44.92 49.91 42.47 38.68 39.05 42.88
1995 47.85 48.87 52.65 48.27 43.45 44.48 44.20
1996 49.29 50.24 54.32 49.86 44.63 46.52 45.91
1997 45.26 45.59 49.86 46.58 42.57 44.73 42.01
1998 40.68 40.80 47.52 41.50 38.46 39.96 38.25
1999 35.87 36.12 45.37 37.34 30.24 34.89 33.50
2000 34.59 34.59 45.49 35.82 30.68 33.69 34.72
2001 37.95 38.32 45.99 38.05 37.61 36.95 36.94
2002 36.95 37.39 48.63 40.30 34.35 36.25 37.34
2003 34.93 35.13 x 35.21 34.28 35.28 33.82
2004 51.48 50.20 186.48 x 59.02 55.06 52.60
2005 62.73 61.90 x 80.64 66.10 65.65 63.79
2006 63.33 63.90 596.68 x 62.20 63.88 56.32

Table 4.4 EU Steam Coal Import Costs from Selected Countries

(Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/t)
Total(1) Australia USA South Russia(2) China Poland Colombia
(all sources) Africa
1986 45.53 45.41 52.19 38.04 39.77 49.23 56.90 42.26
1987 41.02 40.43 51.79 32.77 41.57 38.11 48.83 37.15
1988 46.49 43.69 54.21 37.44 38.63 39.56 51.56 39.48
1989 49.26 48.07 53.40 42.67 44.19 47.36 56.46 47.35
1990 52.64 52.03 54.69 45.18 44.69 49.36 61.05 52.60
1991 50.69 49.14 51.51 45.31 42.54 47.14 58.18 49.81
1992 48.59 50.07 50.69 42.48 39.50 45.46 54.11 49.65
1993 37.99 38.85 46.96 32.86 24.10 45.65 36.60 35.39
1994 40.35 40.74 46.05 36.18 36.67 41.78 41.44 39.68
1995 47.51 45.06 49.12 43.76 42.55 45.29 46.78 43.42
1996 45.62 48.25 48.03 42.23 42.48 46.18 46.50 41.93
1997 43.52 46.38 48.47 40.33 39.84 52.87 42.62 42.29
1998 39.72 40.03 46.99 36.30 37.23 52.85 39.61 37.56
1999 34.43 36.68 40.67 31.78 30.96 32.58 35.03 32.69
2000 35.22 39.04 41.07 33.83 33.59 31.45 35.30 34.22
2001 42.96 44.13 46.52 42.32 42.16 40.90 44.41 42.32
2002 38.69 43.28 43.48 36.65 36.79 44.30 40.75 36.99
2003 41.94 46.83 47.37 39.10 42.22 51.38 43.26 41.65
2004 61.91 69.05 61.50 58.00 65.14 60.61 68.95 61.54
2005 71.27 106.40 86.75 67.64 68.46 93.41 78.34 67.98
2006 69.80 109.71 82.08 66.24 67.93 150.20 75.65 66.07
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes (Table 16 and Table 14)
(1) Weighted average based only on imports for which prices are available. Calculated average prices may not be comparable
(1) from one year to the next due to differing components.
(2) Former USSR prior to 1991.

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 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.45

Table 4.5 Steam Coal Export Costs

(Average Unit Value, US$/t)
Exported from: Australia (FOB) Canada United States (FAS) Colombia Indonesia S. Africa
To: Total Japan EU(1) Total Total Japan EU(1) Total Total Total
1986 31.85 33.25 30.42 32.85 46.83 44.26 43.73 .. .. 29.32
1987 28.97 32.34 26.26 31.86 43.17 41.31 43.35 .. .. 25.05
1988 30.77 32.93 27.18 34.25 42.06 39.94 41.14 .. .. 27.27
1989 35.93 37.98 32.56 37.71 41.17 43.04 40.45 .. .. 29.36
1990 38.34 40.03 35.25 40.37 39.99 41.76 42.54 .. 42.75 30.53
1991 37.93 40.32 34.05 40.35 40.63 39.73 41.50 .. 42.23 30.19
1992 36.49 38.85 32.47 38.15 39.53 39.66 40.90 .. 41.22 29.53
1993 33.45 35.49 30.02 34.61 39.78 39.08 41.60 .. 38.52 25.38
1994 32.75 33.72 29.09 31.51 38.22 37.13 40.23 .. 36.40 23.89
1995 34.99 36.85 31.05 32.90 38.94 38.61 40.91 .. 42.71 29.20
1996 37.77 38.89 33.19 35.67 36.94 40.02 36.80 31.81 42.71 30.63
1997 34.35 35.40 31.76 32.44 34.84 38.55 35.87 33.84 39.90 31.47
1998 30.10 31.50 24.54 30.24 32.24 37.00 33.05 30.51 35.82 26.37
1999 26.49 27.02 21.63 25.72 32.02 35.40 29.39 27.25 31.00 22.77
2000 24.27 24.72 20.86 24.99 31.84 34.90 28.26 26.99 29.60 22.63
2001 28.71 29.69 25.86 26.01 34.51 37.70 34.69 31.36 32.07 28.59
2002 28.01 29.20 24.42 28.11 37.70 40.41 33.09 30.09 29.98 25.82
2003 25.41 26.00 25.18 35.75 37.00 166.40 32.18 33.24 25.00 24.47
2004 37.65 38.45 34.44 44.75 53.93 91.47 42.06 59.55 38.00 32.94
2005 48.86 49.42 49.46 53.23 67.09 105.21 68.83 51.89 44.50 46.21
2006 47.05 50.59 49.29 45.24 55.66 166.53 59.65 51.92 47.25 45.78

Table 4.6 Coking Coal Export Costs

(Average Unit Value, US$/t)
Exported from: Australia (FOB) Canada United States (FAS) Colombia Indonesia S. Africa
To: Total Japan EU(1) Total Total Japan EU(1) Total (2) Total Total
1986 44.35 44.78 40.79 50.16 52.70 54.59 51.69 .. .. 40.26
1987 39.97 40.15 37.85 49.07 48.98 51.31 48.24 .. .. 29.96
1988 40.27 40.02 37.64 53.80 48.69 47.76 48.58 .. .. 30.35
1989 44.69 44.27 43.86 56.41 49.82 48.31 50.03 .. .. 37.37
1990 47.72 46.98 48.00 59.23 51.55 50.34 52.41 .. .. 38.84
1991 47.96 47.24 48.23 57.37 50.80 50.18 51.33 42.22 .. 43.31
1992 46.78 46.44 46.53 57.08 50.01 49.58 51.72 36.50 .. 40.35
1993 44.28 43.85 44.06 52.73 48.63 47.99 50.71 .. .. 41.16
1994 41.36 40.24 41.41 48.03 47.11 44.72 49.82 .. .. 37.48
1995 44.23 43.37 44.45 48.76 48.47 45.35 51.13 .. .. 39.66
1996 47.56 46.11 48.56 51.52 50.05 46.51 53.12 .. .. 39.68
1997 47.37 45.52 47.73 50.04 49.99 45.94 52.87 .. .. 37.72
1998 43.97 42.47 44.10 46.15 48.55 45.98 51.67 31.97 .. 31.39
1999 35.99 34.60 37.59 38.19 46.19 44.46 49.27 31.26 .. 34.38
2000 32.85 31.64 33.66 34.01 42.98 41.99 45.58 33.15 .. 32.09
2001 36.93 34.46 39.98 43.03 45.88 x 50.09 .. .. 37.81
2002 40.16 36.79 44.34 43.90 50.06 x 53.13 .. .. 32.43
2003 39.75 36.18 43.14 44.59 49.11 56.01 52.19 .. .. 27.91
2004 48.84 45.51 51.43 51.37 70.14 98.14 63.60 .. .. 43.81
2005 88.94 83.74 100.84 96.26 89.91 100.61 89.44 .. .. 52.86
2006 98.27 94.04 106.53 109.29 111.72 89.80 102.22 .. .. 57.98
Sources: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes (Tables 23 to 27) for Australia, Canada and the US, Latin America Coal & Power for
Colombia prior to 2003, Indonesia Mineral and Coal Statistics 2004 for Indonesia prior to 2003, Hill & Associates/Wood Mackenzie
for Columbia and Indonesia 2003 onwards, Republic of S. Africa Minerals Bureau for South Africa.
(1) Weighted average based only on imports for which prices are available. Calculated average prices may not be comparable
(1) from one year to the next due to differing components.
(2) Low Ash Bituminous; injection grade to Japanese Steel Mills

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II.46 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II

Table 4.7 Coking Coal Prices for Industry

(US$/tce)
1978 1980 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996
Australia 29.67 29.57 22.79 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Austria .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Belgium 63.67 66.51 58.13 61.72 60.99 57.73 56.16 54.21 57.55 57.49
Canada 62.69 64.85 55.58 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Czech Republic .. .. 60.47 52.62 49.48 54.19 53.38 57.83 64.92 58.11
Denmark .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Finland .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 101.01 101.95
France 51.84 58.46 54.54 62.62 61.60 62.68 54.19 58.42 59.55 58.50
Germany 62.91 71.78 58.75 63.02 62.74 62.22 58.60 56.65 60.34 60.96
Greece .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Hungary .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Ireland .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Italy 69.79 69.57 63.25 64.88 64.01 62.18 57.87 56.52 60.70 62.50
Japan 72.48 73.35 65.12 68.03 66.81 64.10 61.90 57.96 61.11 62.88
Korea .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Luxembourg .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Mexico .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Netherlands 105.55 131.85 123.72 154.34 140.46 .. .. .. .. ..
New Zealand .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Norway .. 116.18 81.21 93.33 90.07 93.99 79.83 80.54 89.69 ..
Poland .. .. .. .. 38.17 35.28 39.66 53.03 59.75 55.92
Portugal 175.90 243.16 50.07 52.51 51.65 46.28 38.48 37.60 43.92 45.25
Slovak Republic 27.50 28.31 60.77 56.57 52.85 57.53 .. .. .. ..
Spain 68.57 103.43 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Sweden 64.11 72.84 57.21 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Switzerland .. 127.62 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Turkey 70.23 83.99 67.77 82.07 58.05 53.60 54.69 51.02 86.05 100.82
United Kingdom .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
United States 48.94 61.20 51.70 52.01 53.14 52.15 51.62 50.66 51.52 51.52
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Australia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Austria .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Belgium 57.58 55.48 49.29 47.21 54.03 .. .. .. .. ..
Canada .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Czech Republic 56.29 58.08 56.79 50.72 55.32 65.74 .. .. .. ..
Denmark .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Finland 106.56 107.06 105.93 99.78 105.14 109.88 126.04 158.63 196.65 203.29
France 55.72 53.43 47.44 45.43 50.42 58.03 59.67 72.00 106.27 128.98
Germany 60.05 56.13 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Greece .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Hungary .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Ireland .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Italy 61.12 59.26 52.70 53.26 58.22 60.80 63.51 79.55 108.95 118.09
Japan 62.65 58.60 49.63 45.30 46.93 48.86 48.83 69.37 104.02 107.46
Korea .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 72.67 116.55 120.22
Luxembourg .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Mexico .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Netherlands .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
New Zealand .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Norway .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Poland 49.84 47.13 38.30 38.75 46.52 47.49 52.01 95.46 114.57 94.52
Portugal 42.79 37.82 31.74 31.67 38.85 32.64 38.73 .. .. ..
Slovak Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Spain .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Sweden .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Switzerland .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Turkey 110.65 94.11 70.90 80.19 71.77 86.28 92.33 118.78 148.21 161.57
United Kingdom .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
United States 51.58 50.15 49.91 48.41 50.67 55.73 55.15 66.99 91.26 100.79
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

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 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.47

Table 4.8 Steam Coal Prices for Industry

(US$/tce)
1978 1980 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996
Australia .. .. 34.79 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Austria 90.20 119.83 66.69 78.84 78.62 85.47 71.65 70.46 82.29 74.31
Belgium 29.62 42.87 45.48 55.41 51.69 .. .. .. .. ..
Canada 43.97 42.76 59.46 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Czech Republic .. .. 25.05 24.44 21.41 25.69 26.70 27.49 31.30 29.84
Denmark 76.39 95.46 100.41 119.95 115.13 115.93 75.90 74.21 84.94 ..
Finland 51.74 77.80 61.96 72.35 68.79 66.21 53.56 65.45 96.93 89.18
France 61.82 107.40 105.08 128.20 124.92 134.18 126.83 129.90 145.13 142.46
Germany 98.52 120.31 159.99 185.76 182.57 206.06 195.74 200.20 .. ..
Greece 93.42 119.98 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Hungary .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Ireland .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Italy 70.05 56.68 58.01 58.84 57.97 52.09 53.22 51.12 57.35 55.92
Japan 71.25 74.99 71.47 70.53 68.23 63.43 67.62 57.80 61.98 63.95
Korea .. 32.75 64.59 61.03 58.95 55.40 53.88 53.74 56.04 53.74
Luxembourg .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Mexico .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Netherlands 57.76 62.94 55.95 62.74 58.87 .. .. .. .. ..
New Zealand 36.23 41.63 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Norway 39.80 62.32 46.00 53.13 50.02 42.60 33.27 45.44 .. ..
Poland .. .. .. .. 27.31 30.26 29.90 38.52 44.84 45.95
Portugal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Slovak Republic 7.88 8.51 14.84 15.25 12.16 12.77 .. .. .. ..
Spain .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Sweden 77.55 93.41 85.66 92.56 113.90 .. .. .. .. ..
Switzerland 68.83 95.71 68.32 72.44 69.97 63.06 53.55 55.73 71.07 69.85
Turkey .. 86.47 60.21 79.67 82.35 87.38 69.97 52.26 58.81 60.50
United Kingdom 49.78 91.32 79.86 88.51 86.31 85.09 68.02 68.64 65.58 61.62
United States 36.26 41.85 39.33 40.00 39.90 39.08 38.71 38.76 38.59 38.45
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Australia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Austria 64.91 64.72 56.93 54.73 56.42 75.33 87.64 171.25 178.69 176.37
Belgium .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Canada .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Czech Republic 27.74 29.43 28.33 26.96 28.43 33.88 .. .. .. ..
Denmark .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Finland 98.95 97.05 97.39 89.47 97.40 96.68 113.53 140.81 146.63 149.81
France 125.17 126.61 121.78 105.48 107.49 109.32 130.49 .. .. ..
Germany .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Greece .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Hungary .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Ireland .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Italy 53.73 46.24 37.90 43.46 50.90 47.01 48.09 72.13 83.21 78.44
Japan 59.78 53.75 47.47 45.69 49.68 48.27 45.31 67.20 81.25 81.86
Korea 45.44 33.39 49.55 58.34 51.15 52.96 58.42 63.94 78.92 90.36
Luxembourg .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Mexico .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Netherlands .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
New Zealand .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Norway .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Poland 44.37 51.05 43.29 44.87 50.25 46.50 52.51 60.64 71.39 75.69
Portugal 47.43 35.69 32.14 37.98 46.43 39.74 47.00 .. .. ..
Slovak Republic 35.96 35.38 31.85 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Spain .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Sweden .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Switzerland 59.54 58.74 55.11 60.13 68.67 61.63 75.25 110.05 109.84 111.27
Turkey 63.09 61.75 57.96 53.26 52.42 69.48 73.37 67.16 78.79 79.99
United Kingdom 62.84 64.94 62.94 59.29 63.72 65.04 70.32 86.73 99.67 99.06
United States 38.59 38.42 37.60 37.77 39.02 39.97 40.73 46.79 56.31 61.57
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

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II.48 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II

Table 4.9 Steam Coal Prices for Electricity Generation

(US$/tce)
1978 1980 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996
Australia 10.82 14.48 26.82 29.05 30.35 .. .. .. .. ..
Austria 173.19 176.96 68.42 80.98 84.42 91.71 84.81 76.78 .. ..
Belgium 53.08 62.51 55.59 59.60 58.83 61.34 54.42 52.55 57.28 59.85
Canada 37.87 48.63 .. 61.03 62.50 61.15 .. .. .. ..
Czech Republic 10.29 11.54 19.88 20.49 18.16 20.59 21.28 22.79 26.48 27.10
Denmark .. 55.86 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Finland 51.74 77.80 61.96 72.35 68.79 66.21 53.56 65.45 96.93 89.18
France .. 56.31 52.32 57.35 52.77 51.70 49.22 49.21 55.34 54.15
Germany 83.97 100.08 120.93 141.95 136.62 150.89 140.59 143.31 163.77 56.55
Greece .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Hungary .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Ireland .. .. 48.61 63.11 57.87 56.69 46.09 46.30 53.27 57.53
Italy 41.32 57.37 58.57 67.72 66.49 72.20 66.87 64.15 65.27 67.66
Japan 90.60 90.23 110.44 101.84 98.73 95.46 95.23 89.60 92.24 87.90
Korea .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Luxembourg .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Mexico .. 33.26 44.65 48.19 55.05 51.43 48.07 47.78 39.17 36.19
Netherlands 40.99 63.99 59.71 71.37 72.51 76.37 68.71 .. .. ..
New Zealand .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Norway .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Poland .. 3.10 8.00 15.61 24.62 25.19 31.21 41.39 43.84 42.01
Portugal 31.26 44.39 57.80 58.90 60.18 53.99 45.15 44.63 50.80 51.69
Slovak Republic 4.30 4.82 8.30 8.62 7.62 8.59 .. .. .. ..
Spain 42.60 69.75 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Sweden 50.00 91.90 56.06 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Switzerland .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Turkey .. 49.88 33.10 31.85 40.08 46.80 56.66 46.35 62.46 62.04
United Kingdom 52.22 91.69 92.84 96.27 94.93 99.58 78.91 68.93 68.57 68.04
United States 29.96 36.39 38.09 38.52 38.29 37.27 36.36 35.58 34.58 33.82
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Australia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Austria .. .. .. 56.94 48.41 55.78 68.29 151.88 158.48 156.77
Belgium 55.95 44.82 39.63 42.95 49.46 45.21 47.13 95.02 105.36 82.93
Canada .. .. .. 20.54 21.27 22.02 24.15 23.34 28.15 ..
Czech Republic 24.42 26.02 26.43 21.88 22.09 23.40 .. .. .. ..
Denmark .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Finland 59.94 49.45 45.31 44.40 53.62 50.59 55.49 76.99 82.82 85.36
France 53.83 46.68 43.11 41.98 51.04 48.35 47.85 71.64 84.57 82.25
Germany 49.61 47.17 42.45 42.94 52.51 46.27 50.64 70.87 80.73 78.92
Greece .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Hungary .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Ireland 51.66 41.07 34.88 34.26 39.99 42.37 40.16 75.99 79.21 69.22
Italy 63.14 56.89 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Japan 74.99 63.46 55.82 51.44 53.64 49.75 .. .. .. ..
Korea .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 50.52 58.45 54.79
Luxembourg .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Mexico 41.13 39.66 44.02 48.69 51.94 51.56 49.13 56.83 62.69 64.79
Netherlands .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
New Zealand .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Norway .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Poland 40.91 44.68 39.86 38.69 43.03 44.17 49.63 54.77 65.19 70.50
Portugal 48.20 41.25 36.10 34.67 44.23 37.06 44.00 65.92 77.51 66.84
Slovak Republic 24.33 23.74 20.47 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Spain .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Sweden .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Switzerland .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Turkey 54.68 55.64 54.01 50.45 35.93 53.20 66.43 90.65 88.37 86.87
United Kingdom 68.38 61.85 58.21 54.98 57.52 55.06 56.88 73.96 81.21 86.79
United States 33.40 32.86 31.92 31.51 32.33 32.91 33.33 35.48 40.50 44.24
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.49

5. COAL FOR OTHER USES

NTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.51

Table 5.1 OECD Coal-Fired and Total Electricity Generating Capacity, 1990 to 2005
(GW)
Coal Total
1990 2003 2004 2005 1990 2003 2004 2005

Australia 23.02 27.66 28.66 28.89 35.50 50.03 50.78 50.62

Austria 1.89 2.17 2.31 2.25 16.69 18.24 18.62 18.91
Belgium 4.90 2.16 2.23 4.09 14.14 15.62 15.65 16.10
Canada 19.24 .. .. .. 104.14 118.27 120.46 121.52
Czech Republic 12.11 11.42 11.50 11.46 15.28 17.34 17.43 17.41
Denmark 7.54 6.33 6.40 5.91 9.14 13.59 13.34 13.35
Finland 5.79 7.90 7.90 7.76 13.22 16.56 16.57 16.47
France 14.23 .. .. .. 103.41 116.75 117.02 116.98
Germany 42.73 .. .. .. 97.75 125.06 124.57 125.03
Greece 3.89 4.81 4.81 4.81 8.51 12.08 12.43 13.31
Hungary 2.24 2.03 1.85 1.51 7.18 8.31 8.63 8.59
Iceland .. .. .. .. 0.94 1.51 1.51 1.54
Ireland 0.87 0.87 2.45 0.89 3.81 5.64 5.80 6.27
Italy 9.03 13.78 12.35 9.99 56.56 78.31 81.34 85.50
Japan 40.47 56.52 53.61 51.32 194.73 270.58 275.27 277.32
Korea .. 16.41 19.69 21.18 .. 60.68 64.53 66.54
Luxembourg 0.09 .. .. .. 1.24 1.63 1.66 1.66
Mexico 1.20 5.38 5.38 5.38 28.27 49.12 51.12 51.07
Netherlands 3.77 .. .. .. 17.56 20.93 21.83 21.80
New Zealand 1.09 1.15 1.16 1.16 7.18 8.57 8.92 8.88
Norway 0.05 0.07 0.07 0.08 27.13 28.46 27.96 28.42
Poland 25.99 28.22 28.24 28.45 27.97 31.64 31.89 32.26
Portugal 1.47 1.99 1.99 2.04 7.40 11.62 12.71 13.39
Slovak Republic .. 1.76 1.79 1.77 .. 8.21 8.28 8.26
Spain 10.41 .. .. .. 43.42 68.91 69.43 74.95
Sweden .. 1.12 2.84 2.76 34.19 33.36 33.70 33.39
Switzerland 0.01 .. .. .. 16.56 19.04 19.08 19.12
Turkey 5.58 8.70 8.75 9.59 16.32 35.59 36.82 38.84
United Kingdom 41.17 28.88 28.88 28.68 73.21 78.35 80.40 81.86
United States 307.96 338.08 337.78 338.19 733.59 1031.69 1049.61 1067.01

Source: IEA/OECD Electricity Information 2007

Note: Includes multi-fired units.

Note: Includes autoproducers for all countries except Japan.
Note: For further information, see Principles and Definitions.

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II.52 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II

Table 5.2 OECD Coal Use for Electricity Production and Heat Sold
(Mtce)

1973 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Australia 19.7 28.8 33.7 41.1 44.2 60.3 61.1 63.7 62.6 63.5 70.0
Austria 1.2 1.2 1.7 2.4 2.0 2.1 2.5 2.3 2.8 2.9 2.6
Belgium 3.9 5.5 5.3 6.6 6.4 4.7 4.0 4.0 3.8 3.3 3.4
Canada 11.9 21.5 28.3 28.5 29.7 38.5 37.9 37.2 36.4 33.4 33.8
Czech Republic 11.9 16.7 17.8 21.4 21.6 20.7 21.2 20.8 20.6 20.5 20.6
Denmark 2.3 8.0 9.7 8.1 8.7 5.2 5.6 5.7 7.9 5.9 4.9
Finland 1.7 4.9 4.5 4.8 6.0 4.9 6.3 7.1 9.8 8.6 4.8
France 14.8 24.4 16.0 12.2 9.9 10.6 8.1 9.0 9.8 9.2 10.4
Germany 104.1 115.8 124.1 120.0 105.7 98.5 100.5 100.9 101.5 103.3 96.6
Greece 2.0 3.8 6.9 9.8 10.1 11.7 12.1 11.9 12.1 12.4 12.4
Hungary 5.8 6.9 6.0 5.3 4.3 4.3 4.0 3.8 3.9 3.7 3.1
Iceland - - - - - - - - - - -
Ireland 0.9 0.8 1.2 2.7 3.0 2.7 3.0 2.9 2.6 2.4 2.7
Italy 1.9 6.0 9.9 11.3 8.8 10.0 11.7 13.2 14.3 16.7 16.4
Japan 17.1 15.0 29.3 36.6 51.7 69.2 73.7 78.5 83.2 85.9 90.0
Korea 0.5 1.2 6.9 8.5 16.9 33.7 37.4 40.3 44.9 47.6 47.3
Luxembourg 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 - - - - - -
Mexico 0.1 - 0.9 2.5 4.8 6.8 8.3 8.5 9.6 7.9 10.2
Netherlands 1.1 2.6 5.3 8.7 9.3 8.2 8.8 8.7 9.1 8.5 8.0
New Zealand 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.7 1.9 2.2
Norway - - - - - - - - - - -
Poland 57.0 79.1 85.2 76.9 60.5 56.3 56.8 54.9 57.6 56.7 56.6
Portugal 0.3 0.1 0.3 2.9 4.2 4.6 4.2 4.7 4.5 4.6 4.7
Slovak Republic 2.7 4.1 4.1 3.4 3.0 2.4 2.8 2.3 2.8 2.6 2.5
Spain 4.3 11.2 17.2 20.3 22.1 26.6 23.6 27.3 25.1 25.7 25.7
Sweden 0.1 0.1 1.9 1.6 1.4 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.3
Switzerland - - - - - - - - - - -
Turkey 1.8 2.7 6.0 8.1 11.1 14.4 14.5 12.2 11.8 12.5 13.8
United Kingdom 65.0 73.9 60.4 69.0 51.9 39.1 45.1 42.5 46.6 44.7 44.0
United States 309.9 417.2 503.5 559.1 625.6 716.9 697.1 699.1 706.3 708.1 722.6

IEA Europe 223.6 284.8 294.3 315.7 286.4 269.6 276.4 278.5 287.7 286.6 275.4
OECD Europe 283.4 368.0 383.6 395.9 349.9 328.3 335.9 335.7 348.2 345.9 334.5
IEA North America 321.7 438.7 531.8 587.7 655.3 755.4 734.9 736.3 742.7 741.6 756.4
OECD North America 321.8 438.7 532.7 590.1 660.1 762.3 743.2 744.9 752.3 749.5 766.6
OECD/IEA Pacific 37.8 45.3 70.2 86.6 113.3 164.0 173.3 183.6 192.4 199.0 209.5

IEA Total 583.2 768.7 896.3 989.9 1055.0 1189.0 1184.6 1198.4 1222.8 1227.1 1241.3
OECD Total 643.0 852.0 986.5 1072.6 1123.3 1254.6 1252.4 1264.2 1292.8 1294.4 1310.6
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
Source: For further information, see Principles and Definitions.

Note: "Coal" refers to all coal types, primary (including hard and brown coal), peat and derived fuels (including patent fuel, coke
Note: oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, BKB, coke oven gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been
Note: converted to Mtce units using calorific values largely submitted in annual questionnaires to the IEA Secretariat by OECD
Note: Member Countries.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.53

Table 5.3 OECD Coal Use in Coke Ovens

(million tonnes)

1973 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Australia 9.5 7.0 5.5 5.9 5.9 4.8 4.4 4.3 4.7 5.1 5.4
Austria 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.3 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9
Belgium 9.9 7.9 7.8 7.2 4.7 3.9 3.9 3.7 3.6 3.6 3.4
Canada 7.7 7.3 6.3 5.0 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.4 4.3
Czech Republic 18.6 12.2 10.6 8.5 6.6 4.6 4.7 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.3
Denmark - - - - - - - - - - -
Finland - - - 0.7 1.7 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3
France 15.3 14.6 11.3 9.5 7.7 6.5 6.9 6.4 6.1 5.9 5.8
Germany 46.3 38.7 31.5 24.1 13.7 11.4 9.0 8.9 9.5 10.3 10.2
Greece 0.5 0.4 - - - - - - - - -
Hungary 1.6 1.4 0.9 1.0 1.4 1.3 0.9 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.8
Iceland - - - - - - - - - - -
Ireland - - - - - - - - - - -
Italy 10.4 11.2 10.1 8.6 6.7 6.4 6.1 5.4 4.9 4.8 5.1
Japan 62.3 65.7 67.6 67.2 64.3 62.5 62.3 64.7 64.6 63.9 64.3
Korea 0.4 4.0 7.0 11.7 14.1 16.4 15.6 15.4 15.6 16.0 15.4
Luxembourg - - - - - - - - - - -
Mexico 2.8 4.0 3.8 2.9 2.7 2.7 2.5 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8
Netherlands 3.4 3.7 4.1 3.8 4.0 3.0 3.1 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.2
New Zealand - - - - - - - - - - -
Norway 0.4 0.4 0.4 - - - - - - - -
Poland 21.6 25.3 20.5 18.2 15.4 12.3 12.2 11.9 13.8 13.6 11.2
Portugal 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.1 - - - -
Slovak Republic 2.8 2.1 2.5 2.9 2.4 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.4
Spain 6.4 5.2 4.9 4.5 3.3 3.6 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.9 3.6
Sweden 0.7 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.8 1.9 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8
Switzerland - - - - - - - - - - -
Turkey 2.0 2.6 3.7 4.7 4.2 4.2 3.6 3.5 4.0 4.3 4.2
United Kingdom 24.0 13.5 9.7 10.1 8.1 8.2 7.1 5.8 5.7 5.5 5.6
United States 87.3 60.5 37.2 35.3 29.9 26.0 23.7 21.5 19.6 18.9 18.4

IEA Total 309.2 260.8 223.1 212.0 184.6 172.4 164.3 160.5 159.5 160.2 158.8
OECD Total 336.3 292.1 249.8 236.1 205.1 189.6 181.2 176.5 177.5 178.0 174.3
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
Source: For further information, see Principles and Definitions.

Table 5.4 World Consumption of Pulverised Coal Injection (PCI) Coals

(thousand tonnes)
1990 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Belgium 414 777 904 998 1022 975 933 744 646 591 479
France 1085 1694 1708 1746 1956 2033 1840 2061 1989 2103 2166
Germany 1730 1657 2034 2221 2284 2530 2224 2287 3060 2641 2770
Italy 170 1018e 1099e 1058 972e 941 714 697 771 955 1154
Japan 3233 5204 5464 5735 5729 5845 5965 5852 5938 5551 5620
Korea .. 2291 2303 2433 2554 3031 3741 4610 4933 5001e 5481
Netherlands 619 1000 1166 1207 1167 1045 1207 1235 1330 1406 1472
Slovakia 178 328 267 284 320 352 488 404 380 385 377
Spain .. .. 221 384 496 543 575 495 354 405 493
Sweden 182 185 191 262 285 271 442 398 363 423 417
United Kingdom 655 580 607 559 482 451 683 665 815 819 983
United States 183 3044 3001 2981 2731e 2500e 2425e 1988 1850 1733 1284
Colombia 487 328 255 356 231 231 231 215 336 231 233
India .. .. 65 2397 2237 2111 2119 2328 2428 2059 2161
Total 9560 18781 19886 23269 23151 23527 24288 24665 25973 25100 25852
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.55

6. CHARTS

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.57

Chart 1: World Steam and Coking Coal Production

(million tonnes)

6000

5000

4000

3000

2000

1000

0
1971 1973 1975 1977 1979 1981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005

Hard Coal Steam Coal Coking Coal

Chart 2: World Steam and Coking Coal Trade

(million tonnes)

700

600

500

400

300

200

100

0
1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006e

Steam Coal Exports Coking Coal Exports

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

II.58 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II

Chart 3: Coking Coal Price

CIF Japan and CIF EU Member States (US$/t)

150

130

110

90

70

50

30
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006

CIF Japan CIF EU Member States

Chart 4: Steam Coal Price

CIF Japan and CIF EU Member States (US$/t)

75

70

65

60

55

50

45

40

35

30
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006
CIF Japan CIF EU Member States

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.59

Chart 5: Steam Coal Price

US FOB vs. US Domestic (US$/t)

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
1973 1975 1977 1979 1981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005

US Domestic US FOB

Chart 6: Steam Coal Price CIF EU Member States (US$/t)

and US Exports (million tonnes)

45 80

40 70

35
60
Million tonnes

30
50 US$/t
25
40
20
30
15
20
10

5 10

0 0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006
US Export volume CIF EU Member States

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

II.60 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II

Chart 7: OECD Total Primary Energy Supply

(Mtce)

9000

8000

7000

6000

5000

4000

3000

2000

1000

0
1973 1980 1990 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Coal Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Others

Chart 8: OECD Coal Consumption and Indicators

2000=100

120

100

80

60

40

20

0
1973 1976 1979 1982 1985 1988 1991 1994 1997 2000 2003 2006e
GDP Industrial Production Total TPES
Coal Supply Electricity Generation

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 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.61

Chart 9: Japan Steam Coal Supply,

Imports, GDP Annual Growth Rates

30%

25%

20%

15%

10%

5%

0%

-5%

-10%

-15%
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006e

Steam Coal Import Steam Coal Supply GDP

Chart 10: EU Member States Steam Coal Supply,

Imports, GDP Annual Growth Rates

25% 5%

20%
4%
15%

10% 3% % change GDP

% change

5%
2%
0%

-5% 1%

-10%
0%
-15%

-20% -1%
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006e

Steam Coal Import Steam Coal Supply GDP

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

II.62 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II

Chart 11: Hard Coal Production by Region

(million tonnes)

5500

5000

4500

4000

3500

3000

2500

2000

1500

1000

500

0
1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006e

Europe Former USSR North America Latin America Asia Aus. + N.Z. Africa

Chart 12: Hard Coal Consumption by Region

(million tonnes)

5500

5000

4500

4000

3500

3000

2500

2000

1500

1000

500

0
1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006e

Europe Former USSR North America Latin America Asia Aus. + N.Z. Africa

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.63

Chart 13: Hard Coal Imports by Region

(million tonnes)

900

800

700

600

500

400

300

200

100

0
1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006e

Europe Former USSR North America Latin America Asia Aus. + N.Z. Africa

Chart 14: Hard Coal Exports by Region

(million tonnes)

900

800

700

600

500

400

300

200

100

0
1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006e

Europe Former USSR North America Latin America Asia Aus. + N.Z. Africa

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.1

PART III

DETAILED OECD COAL DATA

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.3

DIRECTORY OF PART III CHARTS AND TABLES

Part III of Coal Information contains detailed statisti-
cal information on coal for all 30 Member countries of Tables:
the OECD and for regional aggregates (OECD Total,
OECD North America, OECD/IEA Pacific, OECD 1. Total Primary Energy Supply (TPES) by Fuel
Europe, IEA Total, IEA North America, IEA Europe). 2. Energy Supply, GDP and Population
The charts and tables of regional aggregates are pre-
sented before the country tables which are set out in 3. Coal Production by Type
alphabetical order. 4. Final Consumption of Energy by Fuel
Data for each OECD and IEA region and country are 5. Coal Balance
illustrated in charts at the beginning of each section. 6. Use of Coal for Selected End-Uses
This is followed by detailed statistical information 7. Fuel Prices to End Users
presented in several tables for each region and country.
8. Coal Trade by Type of Coal
It should be noted that not all tables are shown for all 9. Hard Coal Imports by Origin
countries. For example, in the case where a country
has no or very few coal exports, the related tables (on 10. Coking Coal Exports by Destination
volumes and values) are omitted. The content of cur- 11. Steam Coal Exports by Destination
rent charts and tables is described below. 12. Coal Import Values by Origin
13. Coal Export Values by Destination
Charts: Interpreting energy data and comparing statistics be-
tween countries is made difficult by differences in
1. Total Primary Energy Supply by Fuel definitions used by countries in the collection and
2. Coal Supply Indicators reporting of data. In the section Principles and Defini-
3. Primary Coal Supply tions such differences are explained. The conventions
used by the Secretariat in presenting energy data are
4. Coal Consumption
also reported. In particular, readers are strongly ad-
5. Electricity Generation by Fuel vised to read the country notes. Conversion factors are
6. CO2 Emissions by Fuel also included for reference.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


SPECIAL NOTES FOR CHARTS AND TABLES
In each table Hard coal is the sum of Coking coal and
Steam coal. Data for 2006 are provisional with the
exception of Tables 7, 12 and 13 where data for 2006
are final. US$ refers to dollars used in the United
States of America.
Chart 1: Total Primary Energy Supply by
Fuel
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics and Energy
Balances of OECD Countries.
Units: All data shown are in millions tonnes of coal
equivalent (Mtce).
Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics and Energy
Balances of OECD Countries.
Units: All flows shown are indices with base year
1970=100.
Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics and Energy
Balances of OECD Countries.
Units: All data shown are in millions tonnes of coal
equivalent (Mtce).
Chart 4: Coal Consumption
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics and Energy
Balances of OECD Countries.
Units: All data shown are in millions tonnes of coal
equivalent (Mtce).
Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics and Energy
Balances of OECD Countries.
Units: All data shown are in terawatt hours (TWh).
COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.5
Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel
Source: IEA/OECD CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion.
Units: All data shown are in million tonnes of CO2
(Sectoral Approach).
Table 1: Total Primary Energy Supply
(TPES) by Fuel
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries.
Units: All data shown are in million tonnes of coal
equivalent (Mtce).
Table 2: Energy Supply, GDP and Population
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries.
Units: GDP is shown in billions of 2000 US$,
TPES/GDP is tce/thousands 2000 US$. Population is
shown in millions, TPES/population in tce/capita.
Electricity generation is shown in TWh. All other
flows are indices, with base year 2000 = 100.
Table 3: Coal Production by Type
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Coun-
tries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries.
Units: First part of table is shown in Mtce; second part
is the corresponding amount in million tonnes. Country
specific net calorific values are used for conversion.
Table 4: Final Consumption of Energy by
Fuel and Table 5: Coal Balance
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries.
Units: All data shown are in million tonnes of coal
equivalent (Mtce).
Table 6: Use of Coal for Selected End-Uses
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries.
Units: All data shown are in millions tonnes.
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
III.6 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III
Table 7: Fuel Prices to End Users
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices and Taxes.
Units: First part of table is shown in nominal United
States Dollars per tce. Second part of table is shown in a
country specific national currency or nominal US Dol-
lars for regional totals per unit (for coals and oils per
metric tonnes, for natural gas per 107 kilocalories GCV).
Note: Prices for regional totals are calculated as
weighted average of available price data in the region
and therefore prices shown should be considered only
indicative. Consumption is used as weight. Data are
converted from unit prices to tce using the country
specific calorific values.
Table 8: Coal Trade by Type of Coal
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Coun-
tries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries.
Units: All data shown are in millions tonnes of coal
equivalent (Mtce).
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
Table 9: Hard Coal Imports by Origin,
Table 10: Coking Coal Exports by Destination
and Table 11: Steam Coal Exports by
Destination
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.
Units: All data shown are in thousand tonnes.
Table 12: Coal Import Values by Origin and
Table 13: Coal Export Values by Destination
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.
Units: Average Unit price in US$ per tonne. CIF price
for imports and FOB price for exports.
Note: On occasion shipment of extremely small quan-
tities of high valued coal results in high import or ex-
port costs.
 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.7

OECD Total*
Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce) Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)
9000 120

8000
100
7000

6000 80

5000
60
4000

3000 40

2000
20
1000

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal/TPES
Coal Oil Gas Nuclear Renewables Coal/Population
Coal/GDP

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

1800 1800

1600 1600

1400 1400

1200 1200

1000 1000

800 800

600 600

400 400

200 200

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Production Coal Supply Electricity and Heat Other Transformation
Exports Imports Industry Other Use

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh) Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2)
12000 14000

10000 12000

10000
8000

8000
6000
6000
4000
4000

2000
2000

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal Oil Gas Hydro Nuclear Other Coal Oil Gas Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.8 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

OECD Total

1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

TPES (Mtce) 5375.28 5824.07 6464.99 7609.10 7864.85 7925.14 7907.16 1.09 1.37
Coal 1204.79 1373.13 1518.77 1561.57 1616.77 1614.68 1619.65 1.37 0.41
Oil 2847.33 2801.92 2713.49 3093.59 3196.03 3212.86 3158.27 -0.28 1.13
Gas 1008.33 1111.92 1200.82 1652.27 1707.70 1730.63 1737.43 1.03 2.47
Comb. Renew/Waste 122.91 155.47 201.14 250.33 268.92 277.70 292.05 2.94 2.17
Nuclear 70.31 231.79 642.87 835.63 863.36 873.47 876.30 13.90 2.06
Hydro 112.09 133.26 143.73 161.97 155.66 156.09 158.07 1.47 0.55
Geothermal 8.68 14.55 38.59 44.61 39.41 40.41 43.88 9.17 0.31
Solar, Wind, Tide 0.07 0.10 2.67 8.23 14.26 16.47 19.23 24.04 12.89
Net Electricity trade(1) 0.77 1.93 2.88 0.38 2.10 2.13 1.60 8.03 -1.98
Heat(2) - - 0.03 0.54 0.64 0.71 0.68 - 24.14
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries.
(2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

GDP (2000 bil. US$) 12147 14689 19901 25660 27671 28394 29246 2.95 2.40
TPES/GDP(1) 0.44 0.40 0.32 0.30 0.28 0.28 0.27 -1.80 -1.01
Population (millions) 902.1 964.6 1043.7 1130.3 1164.1 1171.5 1178.5 0.86 0.77
TPES/population(1) 5.96 6.04 6.19 6.73 6.76 6.76 6.71 0.23 0.59
TPES/GDP(2) 149.2 133.7 109.5 100.0 95.9 94.1 91.2 -1.80 -1.01
Coal Supply/GDP(2) 163.0 153.6 125.4 100.0 96.0 93.4 91.0 -1.53 -1.94
Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 96.5 100.6 99.8 100.0 98.6 98.3 .. 0.20 -0.10
Elec. Generation (TWh) 4454 5644 7570 9591 10124 10393 10428 3.17 2.14
Industrial Production(2) .. 62.1 78.1 100.0 102.8 105.1 .. - 2.00
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators
(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita.
(2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Average annual
percent change
1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 78-90 90-05

Mtce:
Coking Coal 251.90 275.78 251.12 228.76 224.61 233.64 232.30 -0.03 -0.48
Steam Coal 772.89 869.56 986.96 943.45 973.93 987.54 1002.11 2.06 0.00
Brown Coal 213.08 230.25 267.03 208.37 209.38 207.20 207.17 1.90 -1.68
Peat 2.30 2.67 5.06 3.48 3.12 4.67 5.73 6.79 -0.54

Mt:
Coking Coal 258.23 281.27 254.12 235.95 233.28 243.92 242.27 -0.13 -0.27
Steam Coal 930.00 1054.65 1201.55 1158.63 1229.14 1243.25 1267.79 2.16 0.23
Brown Coal 666.16 699.43 806.57 614.12 613.47 620.78 620.22 1.61 -1.73
Peat 8.05 9.34 14.93 10.59 9.44 13.84 16.85 5.28 -0.50
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.9

OECD Total

4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL*

(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 73-90 90-05
(1)
TFC 4055.88 4234.18 4485.86 5264.03 5372.07 5473.53 5503.98 0.59 1.37
Coal 408.13 355.31 327.39 192.29 182.36 189.86 180.25 -1.29 -3.90
Oil 2300.98 2283.54 2344.89 2740.74 2797.95 2857.34 2856.72 0.11 1.32
Gas 736.48 814.07 842.19 1061.83 1068.86 1068.37 1057.31 0.79 1.53
Comb. Renew/Wastes 118.56 147.30 126.39 184.51 177.60 184.37 191.38 0.38 2.80
Geothermal 0.51 0.73 2.96 3.98 4.66 4.64 4.94 10.94 3.46
Solar, Wind, Tide - 0.04 2.04 4.41 4.29 4.29 4.35 - 5.16
Electricity 461.64 582.27 782.38 1011.04 1051.75 1074.54 1099.76 3.15 2.30
Heat 29.59 50.93 57.62 65.23 84.61 90.13 109.28 4.00 4.36
of which:
Total Industry 1363.66 1348.83 1175.36 1280.82 1225.12 1246.01 1229.31 -0.87 0.30
Coal 256.12 226.48 224.88 164.30 156.34 161.26 153.01 -0.76 -2.53
Oil 443.91 402.47 244.71 207.27 199.84 205.41 204.71 -3.44 -1.18
Gas 362.46 362.35 320.48 400.68 378.30 378.09 364.32 -0.72 0.86
Comb. Renew/Wastes 60.03 70.11 50.68 97.72 85.75 90.15 93.03 -0.99 4.13
Geothermal 0.04 0.04 0.38 0.44 0.42 0.42 0.42 13.75 0.67
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.01 0.14 0.17 0.18 0.18 - 20.00
Electricity 225.58 265.33 314.54 391.19 371.08 377.79 380.38 1.97 1.28
Heat 15.52 22.05 19.68 19.08 33.21 32.71 33.25 1.41 3.56
Total Transport 1029.48 1158.13 1414.29 1744.48 1799.82 1836.33 1855.44 1.89 1.83
Coal 10.30 3.64 0.40 0.14 0.10 0.11 0.14 -17.38 -6.60
Oil 987.34 1121.92 1376.18 1694.48 1746.55 1780.59 1794.06 1.97 1.78
Gas 24.28 23.92 26.68 30.86 29.32 28.60 30.83 0.56 0.97
Comb. Renew/Wastes 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.78 10.17 13.09 16.38 -1.94 x
Electricity 7.55 8.64 11.03 13.22 13.68 13.95 14.02 2.25 1.61
Residential 782.48 789.48 847.74 983.57 1017.63 1014.48 1032.57 0.47 1.32
Coal 95.33 83.53 63.90 19.40 15.27 15.99 16.47 -2.33 -8.64
Oil 283.85 211.24 172.66 184.01 180.64 174.33 170.08 -2.88 -0.10
Gas 220.01 256.09 286.17 367.99 393.33 389.79 391.28 1.56 2.11
Comb. Renew/Wastes 38.88 41.23 53.89 73.25 74.13 73.36 73.98 1.94 2.13
Geothermal 0.42 0.64 1.38 2.22 2.71 2.70 2.96 7.32 5.19
Solar, Wind, Tide - 0.04 1.91 3.99 3.84 3.82 3.86 - 4.79
Electricity 132.92 177.30 240.89 304.10 325.90 333.04 351.80 3.56 2.56
Heat 11.07 19.42 26.92 28.61 21.82 21.46 22.14 5.36 -1.30
Comm & Public Services 407.69 421.20 504.16 615.43 652.37 659.98 663.58 1.26 1.85
Coal 24.34 26.26 22.87 4.36 6.22 7.53 5.97 -0.37 -8.56
Oil 187.63 152.16 121.54 115.83 121.35 116.72 112.44 -2.52 -0.52
Gas 104.05 114.58 144.59 187.68 197.67 200.29 204.27 1.95 2.33
Comb. Renew/Waste 1.16 1.54 0.50 3.70 5.33 5.65 5.58 -4.78 17.39
Geothermal 0.02 0.02 0.10 0.67 0.86 0.85 0.91 10.56 15.87
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.09 0.17 0.23 0.25 0.25 - 7.15
Electricity 89.29 123.43 206.18 292.09 310.19 318.83 323.91 5.05 3.06
Heat 1.21 3.21 8.29 10.93 10.52 9.86 10.23 12.01 1.41
Non-Energy Use 315.96 334.54 409.70 523.12 531.81 559.10 552.11 1.54 2.01
Coal 4.42 3.27 3.16 2.14 2.52 2.65 2.47 -1.96 -1.62
Oil 303.63 307.18 356.42 463.11 476.46 502.64 498.08 0.95 2.26
Gas 7.90 24.10 50.12 57.88 52.83 53.82 51.56 11.48 0.19
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.10 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

OECD Total

5. COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

Production 1169.0 1378.2 1510.2 1384.1 1411.0 1433.1 1447.3 1.5 -0.3
Imports 173.9 236.0 313.3 425.6 519.3 508.4 528.5 3.5 3.3
Exports -158.7 -215.8 -283.3 -306.1 -319.1 -330.2 -328.4 3.5 1.0
Stock Changes 20.6 -25.3 -21.4 57.9 5.5 3.4 -27.8 x x
Primary Supply 1204.8 1373.1 1518.8 1561.6 1616.8 1614.7 1619.7 1.4 0.4
Statistical Difference 25.3 -12.6 11.3 7.0 -23.9 -17.8 .. x x
Total Transformation -784.9 -977.0 -1180.9 -1356.3 -1384.6 -1398.8 .. 2.4 1.1
Electricity and Heat Gen. -643.0 -852.0 -1072.6 -1254.6 -1294.4 -1310.6 .. 3.1 1.3
Main activity producers (1) -617.8 -786.2 -999.9 -1200.2 -1244.8 -1264.7 .. 2.9 1.6
Autoproducers -25.2 -65.8 -72.7 -54.3 -49.6 -45.9 .. 6.4 -3.0
Gas Works -12.0 -8.4 -6.3 -3.6 -3.3 -3.5 .. -3.7 -4.0
(2)
Coal Transformation -129.9 -116.7 -101.9 -98.1 -87.0 -84.7 .. -1.4 -1.2
BKB plants 2.2 1.4 -1.1 -0.3 -0.3 -0.4 .. - -6.5
Blast Furnaces -93.2 -79.5 -75.6 -78.4 -75.5 -73.3 .. -1.2 -0.2
Coke Ovens -38.2 -38.6 -20.6 -19.4 -16.9 -17.8 .. -3.6 -1.0
Patent Fuel plants -0.7 0.1 -4.6 -0.0 5.7 6.8 .. 11.6 -
Other transformation(3) - - - 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. - -
Own use -33.7 -26.7 -21.0 -18.9 -17.2 -16.4 .. -2.8 -1.6
Distribution Losses -3.3 -1.5 -0.8 -1.1 -1.3 -1.4 .. x x
(4)
Final Consumption 408.1 355.3 327.4 192.3 189.9 180.3 .. -1.3 -3.9
(5)
Industry sector 256.1 226.5 224.9 164.3 161.3 153.0 .. -0.8 -2.5
Iron and Steel 133.2 106.1 87.4 61.8 60.9 55.0 .. -2.4 -3.0
Chemical 26.4 24.7 27.9 18.1 16.3 16.9 .. 0.3 -3.3
Non-metallic minerals 20.3 32.1 41.3 35.7 32.6 30.5 .. 4.3 -2.0
Paper, pulp and print 11.6 11.2 16.1 8.2 10.9 10.9 .. 2.0 -2.5
Transport sector(6) 10.3 3.6 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.1 .. -17.4 -6.6
(7)
Other Sectors 137.3 121.9 98.9 25.7 25.8 24.6 .. -1.9 -8.9
Comm. and pub. services 24.3 26.3 22.9 4.4 7.5 6.0 .. -0.4 -8.6
Residential 95.3 83.5 63.9 19.4 16.0 16.5 .. -2.3 -8.6
Non-energy Use 4.4 3.3 3.2 2.1 2.7 2.5 .. -2.0 -1.6
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by
* the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.11

OECD Total

6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES*

(million tonnes) Average annual
percent change
1978 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 78-90 90-05
Steam Coal 940.11 1050.03 1225.38 1370.66 1427.40 1477.78 1498.84 2.23 1.35
Total Electricity and Heat 701.37 809.95 1010.23 1237.51 1200.68 1212.06 1228.65 3.09 1.31
Main activity producers 651.67 758.04 961.19 1204.43 1171.76 1182.44 1201.76 3.29 1.50
Autoproducers 49.70 51.90 49.04 33.08 28.92 29.62 26.89 -0.11 -3.93
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants 25.20 26.38 22.83 2.06 103.96 109.46 122.37 -0.82 11.84
Coke Ovens 27.71 27.55 24.18 13.25 13.35 12.76 13.23 -1.13 -3.94
Blast Furnaces Inputs 0.01 0.01 4.39 10.46 9.81 9.64 9.53 75.90 5.30
Gas manufacture 2.99 2.55 0.57 - - - - -12.89 -
Industry sector 92.99 101.63 118.67 100.71 94.34 96.80 94.96 2.05 -1.47
Iron and Steel 9.59 8.43 7.99 8.14 8.22 10.01 9.21 -1.51 0.95
Chemical 13.82 17.07 22.55 17.54 15.06 14.07 15.28 4.17 -2.56
Non-metallic minerals 27.16 33.86 41.79 36.53 33.05 32.86 31.04 3.66 -1.96
Paper, Pulp and Print 9.02 9.62 15.79 8.54 10.83 10.88 11.24 4.78 -2.24
Other industry 33.41 32.65 30.55 29.97 27.17 28.97 28.20 -0.74 -0.53
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 57.64 55.46 35.26 18.20 16.39 17.77 16.95 -4.01 -4.77
Non-energy use 0.08 0.11 0.33 0.36 0.34 0.49 0.42 12.80 1.54
Coking Coal 266.96 283.48 237.35 205.48 195.29 199.93 189.73 -0.97 -1.48
Total Electricity and Heat 7.14 10.83 18.23 13.37 14.07 13.99 12.70 8.12 -2.38
Main activity producers 6.19 9.59 14.32 10.17 11.70 11.41 10.73 7.23 -1.90
Autoproducers 0.95 1.25 3.91 3.20 2.38 2.58 1.97 12.52 -4.48
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - 2.42 2.60 2.90 - -
Coke Ovens 250.17 264.53 211.88 176.38 164.15 165.24 161.03 -1.37 -1.81
Blast Furnaces Inputs - 0.29 4.69 10.72 13.40 13.16 13.93 - 7.54
Gas manufacture 5.74 5.40 0.10 - - - - -28.89 -
Industry sector 0.26 0.24 2.14 2.59 0.99 0.62 0.79 19.25 -6.43
Iron and Steel 0.07 0.01 1.63 0.18 0.26 0.32 0.21 30.02 -12.90
Chemical 0.01 0.01 - 0.00 - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.01 13.00 0.50
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry 0.18 0.21 0.49 2.39 0.72 0.28 0.57 8.98 0.96
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 0.28 0.33 0.16 0.10 0.21 0.12 0.13 -4.53 -1.58
Non-energy use - - - 0.23 0.18 0.19 0.22 - -
Brown Coal/Lignite 666.47 700.63 815.59 624.65 631.06 622.02 633.80 1.70 -1.67
Total Electricity and Heat 427.96 456.10 609.00 581.50 585.60 579.33 592.37 2.98 -0.18
Main activity producers 410.91 435.18 580.39 572.95 577.30 571.23 584.29 2.92 0.04
Autoproducers 17.05 20.91 28.61 8.56 8.31 8.10 8.08 4.41 -8.08
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants 137.19 142.64 111.07 13.13 12.50 12.77 13.33 -1.74 -13.18
Coke Ovens - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -
Gas manufacture 6.40 6.34 8.47 7.02 7.07 6.38 6.88 2.36 -1.37
Industry sector 51.14 50.46 42.05 15.68 13.45 11.87 9.49 -1.62 -9.45
Iron and Steel 1.12 1.44 1.40 0.22 0.47 0.09 0.09 1.91 -16.72
Chemical 14.39 15.72 10.98 3.37 2.99 3.21 3.23 -2.23 -7.84
Non-metallic minerals 1.65 1.67 1.65 0.65 0.44 0.30 0.30 -0.02 -10.76
Paper, Pulp and Print 4.51 4.63 2.06 0.57 0.54 0.36 0.50 -6.32 -9.07
Other industry 29.47 26.99 25.97 10.88 9.02 7.91 5.38 -1.05 -9.97
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 28.94 37.01 39.69 8.07 7.65 9.22 7.81 2.67 -10.27
Non-energy use 0.83 0.82 0.67 0.16 0.18 0.19 0.21 -1.78 -7.58
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.12 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

OECD Total

7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

(US Dollars / tce)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Heavy Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
For Industry
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
High Suplhur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

(US Dollars / unit)(2)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Heavy Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
For Industry
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
High Suplhur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL*

(Mtce)

1973 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Imports 173.89 235.98 313.30 425.64 457.79 483.97 519.31 508.42 528.52
Hard Coal 144.69 209.71 294.18 399.40 431.50 456.87 490.36 483.00 502.99
Coking Coal .. 124.69 140.67 136.09 131.11 127.86 137.83 133.63 150.78
Steam Coal .. 85.01 153.50 263.31 300.39 329.01 352.53 349.37 352.21
Brown Coal / Lignite 5.30 5.74 5.20 4.76 6.23 6.45 4.77 6.31 7.07
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 23.90 20.54 13.93 21.49 20.06 20.64 24.17 19.12 18.46

Total Exports 158.67 215.81 283.29 306.08 297.85 300.87 319.10 330.17 328.41
Hard Coal 131.78 188.15 261.72 292.12 284.03 287.33 300.75 312.74 309.53
Coking Coal .. 120.16 149.17 162.73 152.22 154.65 160.07 177.03 171.83
Steam Coal .. 67.99 112.55 129.39 131.81 132.68 140.68 135.71 137.70
Brown Coal / Lignite 1.44 4.58 4.32 1.33 1.11 0.68 0.70 0.83 1.05
Peat - 0.00 0.12 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.04
Coal Products(1) 25.46 23.08 17.13 12.57 12.66 12.81 17.61 16.55 17.79
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.13

OECD Total

9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Hard Coal 165001 e 217820 e 307323 e 438842 e 475108 e 502631 e 539210 e 535797 e 557175

Coking Coal 97943 121630 135933 e 138570 e 133810 e 130279 e 140316 e 135845 e 153448
Australia 29796 32520 49608 e 67156 e 68030 66120 68627 65861 78554
Canada 11598 11811 16250 e 17972 e 15175 13501 14048 15014 19540
Czech Republic 909 1072 774 3388 e 3419 e 4059 3656 3366 4541
Germany 10948 8326 3141 2 8 - 108 289 2
Poland 6619 5055 2570 3125 e 2599 e 2755 2955 3250 4076
United Kingdom 79 66 65 - - 36 5 6 -
United States 25075 48999 43205 e 24037 e 14619 e 13991 e 18097 e 19321 e 17126
Other OECD 116 252 305 398 695 461 419 467 1051

China, People's Rep. 420 979 2803 9557 e 14806 13777 14634 10094 7641
Colombia - - 177 140 120 e 374 e 287 192 e 241
Indonesia - - 714 6327 e 7274 7716 9194 9842 11757
South Africa 2566 3347 3213 e 991 612 432 456 320 55
Former USSR(2) 5249 e 4890 e - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - 8569 e 4825 e 5010 e 5380 6055 6330 7611
Other Former USSR (3) - - - 26 164 512 613 548 336
Venezuela - - - 454 1117 1109 969 872 596
Vietnam - - - 80 - - - - 20
Non-Specified/Other 4568 4313 4539 92 e 162 56 193 73 301

Steam Coal 67058 e 96190 e 171390 e 300272 e 341298 e 372352 e 398894 e 399952 e 403727
Australia 4556 9137 34664 e 77808 e 83225 e 92659 e 96948 99577 91160
Canada 970 1099 9885 e 10649 e 8430 7529 6191 6603 3531
Czech Republic 243 255 327 e 2393 e 2385 e 1814 1801 1004 968
Germany 6716 4145 2124 e 437 589 e 329 e 551 573 513
Poland 16292 e 17258 e 13084 e 18591 e 18226 e 16251 e 16309 15552 14612
United Kingdom 2285 4184 2428 e 593 406 e 420 e 352 298 167
United States 9296 24092 35894 e 18101 e 13372 e 11482 e 15678 e 10952 e 11017
Other OECD 980 1406 3686 e 4308 e 3374 4465 e 3346 3562 2963

China, People's Rep. 534 1503 6287 e 34741 e 51642 e 52234 e 42664 34719 e 30823
Colombia - - 10450 e 29234 30830 e 38773 e 41656 e 47187 e 47400
Indonesia - 9 1000 e 23066 e 31839 36060 47192 e 52464 e 64633
South Africa 11967 21112 33156 e 46319 e 54799 59071 55933 53091 54877
Former USSR(2) 3012 2638 - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - 9517 20887 e 29831 e 35817 e 52020 e 59315 e 65743
Other Former USSR (3) - - - 896 e 2717 e 1722 e 2440 e 3197 e 3092
Venezuela - - 1752 e 5041 5777 e 8887 e 6155 e 5169 e 5200
Vietnam - - 150 1573 e 2524 3201 e 3591 2698 2755
Non-Specified/Other 10207 9352 6986 e 5635 1332 e 1638 e 6067 3992 4273
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.14 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

OECD Total

10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Exports 91030 e 119031 151443 169287 157908 e 160526 e 168593 e 186603 e 180959
Exports to:
Total OECD 88788 e 112261 e 123887 e 129631 113850 e 113952 e 120818 e 133390 e 125214
Australia .. .. .. 122 - - - - -
Austria 813 e 664 e 785 e 1844 1798 1856 1713 1753 1547
Belgium 3468 e 3835 e 7345 4583 3273 e 2582 e 2733 e 3414 e 3590
Canada 5410 5694 4018 3501 4277 3263 3431 4034 4134
Czech Republic .. .. .. 214 468 411 462 523 915
Denmark .. 143 e 50 - 5 - 20 - -
Finland .. 47 127 1005 1110 e 1214 e 1090 e 1181 e 1172
France 7661 9186 8301 6670 6102 e 6085 e 5746 e 5535 e 5060
Germany 714 1916 761 e 4891 3502 e 3430 e 3862 e 4372 e 4631
Greece 191 412 .. - 17 - 553 e - -
Hungary .. .. .. 1075 499 541 385 449 673
Iceland .. 6 28 48 87 83 82 57 19
Ireland .. 198 1 4 3 2 5 15 1
Italy 6868 9285 8576 7451 4957 e 5123 e 4607 e 6494 e 6506
Japan 42951 56274 55617 52886 50423 e 49741 e 50154 e 54450 e 52960
Korea 2503 4260 7961 15305 10168 e 10710 e 13986 e 17954 e 12277
Luxembourg 286 1 .. - 2 - - - -
Mexico 10 28 3 1406 1386 e 1821 e 1704 e 1582 e 2125
Netherlands 2971 e 3516 e 5175 e 4745 6152 e 5980 e 7461 e 8055 e 9336
New Zealand .. .. .. - - - - - -
Norway 68 252 99 95 129 139 32 18 -
Poland .. .. .. 538 306 399 572 592 1570
Portugal 265 305 765 198 - - 88 - -
Slovak Republic 5126 e 4345 e 3681 e 1570 1625 2010 2308 1909 953
Spain 1888 2889 4265 4616 4041 e 4367 e 4220 e 4598 e 3678
Sweden 769 e 1196 e 1568 2128 1397 1341 1777 1690 1596
Switzerland 18 99 3 46 - - 22 - -
Turkey 498 796 2869 3954 2812 e 3141 e 3139 e 3599 e 3357
United Kingdom 1027 2569 7436 8626 6022 e 6291 e 6449 e 7366 e 6609
United States 157 .. 772 540 1664 e 1412 e 1909 e 1841 e 1552

Total Non-OECD 7748 11927 27055 37792 34714 e 39500 e 44048 e 51677 e 51812
Brazil 2121 3490 7618 10695 8335 e 9602 e 8779 e 8376 e 9288
Chinese Taipei 1186 1196 3155 7713 5087 e 4901 e 6749 e 8365 e 8937
Egypt 218 1021 1009 1211 1565 e 1765 e 1157 e 1414 e 1392
Hong Kong, China .. .. .. - 12 - - - -
India 232 490 4895 10795 12554 e 14126 14395 e 18520 17351
Israel .. .. 50 56 118 161 - 129 194
Romania 1348 1120 3815 505 151 260 e 311 593 146
Oth. Africa & Mid. East 521 808 1068 1825 3048 e 3028 e 2735 3184 2693
Other Latin America 951 1663 1372 1869 1563 e 2004 e 2050 e 2381 e 2455
Other Asia & Oceania 69 168 1823 1316 1668 e 2652 e 6447 e 6363 e 3958
Other Eastern Europe 722 1067 1228 1806 613 1001 1197 e 1667 e 3166

Non-Specified/Other - 92 5204 3435 10969 e 9084 e 6263 4130 7118

Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.15

OECD Total

11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Exports 65973 78163 124265 146187 151263 e 152103 e 160565 e 156189 e 157422
Exports to:
Total OECD 24546 e 43055 e 80590 e 123702 127089 e 128073 e 137497 e 130466 e 131105
Australia .. .. 2 - 16 e 22 e - - -
Austria 15 27 14 1643 2163 2079 2708 2182 2149
Belgium 2555 3697 e 3536 1509 2173 852 1258 1295 772
Canada 8782 10136 10083 13524 10859 15570 12681 13644 13921
Czech Republic .. .. .. 864 733 750 e 783 719 938
Denmark 1542 e 2838 e 4885 e 2594 2959 e 2038 e 2262 1220 1320
Finland 6 390 206 1228 1571 1817 1272 963 1122
France 3314 6181 3657 3370 2727 e 3380 e 3185 3649 e 2971
Germany 2116 e 4094 e 2868 e 16053 15973 14875 17401 13612 12364
Greece 1 e 5 e .. 112 122 e 276 e 69 144 122
Hungary .. .. .. 322 241 278 258 321 321
Iceland .. .. 33 7 12 6 16 45 65
Ireland 209 448 1790 1208 2046 1525 1627 1163 483
Italy 115 956 4544 1360 1494 833 727 409 156
Japan 1732 5007 30430 51786 52278 e 52905 e 60417 e 58241 e 60706
Korea 356 563 4243 13730 15887 e 14765 e 16886 18696 e 21156
Luxembourg 52 96 3 93 56 52 42 38 31
Mexico .. .. 188 373 1644 3363 2957 e 4579 4918
Netherlands 1021 e 3136 e 8516 3556 3146 e 2508 e 2698 2205 1716
New Zealand .. .. 1 16 76 118 106 56 82
Norway 167 108 401 e 671 476 e 399 592 496 359
Poland .. .. 1 117 164 138 56 127 175
Portugal 15 33 1572 348 1248 1521 781 580 411
Slovak Republic 237 e 322 e 198 e 1217 1069 849 868 721 201
Spain 21 983 746 1874 1923 1702 1081 349 863
Sweden 70 e 118 e 308 e 255 507 753 453 443 377
Switzerland 82 e 265 e 80 20 167 96 8 8 7
Turkey 79 .. 15 110 149 e 154 e 67 178 -
United Kingdom 1040 3269 1847 e 3866 3473 3069 4436 3438 2863
United States 782 61 225 659 668 e 531 e 934 e 224 e 335

Total Non-OECD 355 2983 14582 23296 24999 e 24662 e 24011 e 26409 e 26934
Brazil 11 110 345 22 67 232 883 726 231
Chinese Taipei 76 1521 6866 10034 10961 10817 9896 14330 13208
Egypt .. .. 1 2 - 1 1 4 2
Hong Kong, China .. .. 2551 421 574 735 1202 374 77
India .. .. 48 2469 1645 1544 2014 1430 1297
Israel .. .. 1058 2623 1912 e 1296 e 1716 1170 321
Romania .. 462 33 - 2 e - 135 844 930
Oth. Africa & Mid. East 3 66 1039 830 498 554 859 499 190
Other Latin America 82 576 642 1438 1011 e 848 e 1358 e 809 e 1184
Other Asia & Oceania 129 166 1624 4321 7282 e 7149 e 5354 5893 e 8355
Other Eastern Europe 54 82 363 960 1006 1395 302 205 610

Non-Specified/Other 41309 32447 29303 582 285 308 216 160 113
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.16 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

OECD Total

12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN*

(Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne)

1988 1990 1995 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Coking Coal(1) 55.65 62.27 56.28 44.94 46.42 47.26 67.40 97.98 106.49
Imports from:
Australia 49.29 57.64 52.80 43.36 46.18 47.25 61.26 102.47 115.04
Canada 66.05 70.37 62.94 49.15 51.88 53.90 66.39 109.56 129.34
Czech Republic 182.83 67.03 82.00 .. 53.93 .. 98.50 242.07 112.10
Poland 54.82 63.98 59.26 51.58 50.15 62.24 108.71 138.92 118.82
United States 58.55 64.21 61.25 57.52 61.14 64.21 107.28 119.94 125.05
China 46.06 54.50 49.58 40.77 40.54 40.48 82.31 109.89 98.79
Colombia 43.53 60.89 50.11 38.69 .. 166.16 85.79 104.26 88.44
South Africa 42.38 50.58 49.57 42.27 38.69 39.20 61.31 71.77 66.18
Former USSR(2) 50.18 57.45 54.95 46.62 46.52 46.67 73.25 104.12 101.81

Steam Coal(3) 44.85 51.81 47.14 38.87 36.67 37.37 55.34 64.85 63.38
Imports from:
Australia 43.45 52.17 48.23 37.89 37.25 35.69 51.71 64.06 65.13
Canada 43.28 43.38 40.99 33.04 36.91 37.49 54.90 79.68 60.96
Czech Republic 57.22 65.54 63.84 52.99 53.68 64.04 83.24 113.59 102.69
Poland 51.56 61.05 46.78 44.35 40.74 43.26 68.95 78.34 75.65
United States 54.03 54.63 49.60 45.05 42.97 47.37 60.50 82.18 77.37
China 38.91 48.34 44.63 33.32 33.04 32.60 53.48 62.75 60.32
Colombia 39.31 50.88 41.58 39.19 36.04 37.58 52.34 59.93 58.42
South Africa 37.89 45.38 44.19 42.11 36.71 39.05 58.03 67.68 66.20
Former USSR(2) 39.41 45.48 42.87 40.44 35.40 39.68 63.56 67.35 66.20
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.
(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade.
(2) Former USSR until 1991, Russia starting in 1992.
(3) Bituminous steam coal only. Weighted average of individual countries using volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.17

OECD North America*

Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce) Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)
4500 140

4000
120
3500
100
3000

2500 80

2000 60

1500
40
1000
20
500

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal/TPES
Coal Oil Gas Nuclear Renewables Coal/Population
Coal/GDP

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

1000 900
900 800
800 700
700
600
600
500
500
400
400
300
300
200 200

100 100

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Production Coal Supply Electricity and Heat Other Transformation
Exports Imports Industry Other Use

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh) Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2)
6000 8000

7000
5000
6000
4000
5000

3000 4000

3000
2000
2000
1000
1000

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal Oil Gas Hydro Nuclear Other Coal Oil Gas Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.18 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

OECD North America

1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

TPES (Mtce) 2784.98 3002.54 3230.30 3865.91 3946.39 3983.96 3957.25 0.88 1.41
Coal 468.79 571.17 694.35 827.51 834.78 846.25 834.95 2.34 1.33
Oil 1338.54 1370.41 1329.88 1529.43 1630.78 1648.64 1620.18 -0.04 1.44
Gas 803.26 773.52 738.61 941.22 905.47 906.05 907.42 -0.49 1.37
Comb. Renew/Waste 73.60 98.59 111.12 132.50 132.92 135.66 140.04 2.45 1.34
Nuclear 39.01 113.96 256.50 327.15 339.87 340.12 343.41 11.71 1.90
Hydro 58.51 67.18 72.90 79.22 78.28 81.54 83.16 1.30 0.75
Geothermal 3.21 7.70 26.44 25.94 20.35 21.29 23.12 13.21 -1.43
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.46 3.05 4.00 4.45 5.49 - 16.31
Net Electricity trade(1) 0.07 0.01 0.03 -0.10 -0.06 -0.04 -0.52 -4.35 -
Heat(2) - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries.
(2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

GDP (2000 bil. US$) 4853 5885 8011 11071 12069 12454 12872 2.99 2.99
TPES/GDP(1) 0.57 0.51 0.40 0.35 0.33 0.32 0.31 -2.05 -1.53
Population (millions) 287.7 317.9 359.1 411.8 429.9 434.2 438.5 1.31 1.27
TPES/population(1) 9.68 9.44 8.99 9.39 9.18 9.17 9.03 -0.43 0.13
TPES/GDP(2) 164.3 146.1 115.5 100.0 93.6 91.6 88.0 -2.05 -1.53
Coal Supply/GDP(2) 129.2 129.8 115.9 100.0 92.5 90.9 86.8 -0.64 -1.61
Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 105.7 108.3 105.1 100.0 95.1 94.6 .. -0.03 -0.70
Elec. Generation (TWh) 2273 2868 3809 4835 4972 5131 5130 3.08 2.01
Industrial Production(2) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators
(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita.
(2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Average annual
percent change
1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 78-90 90-05

Mtce:
Coking Coal 109.25 135.46 124.00 80.68 66.32 68.43 64.95 1.06 -3.89
Steam Coal 421.00 505.67 649.36 696.75 718.98 732.34 750.75 3.68 0.80
Brown Coal 23.37 30.53 55.87 57.79 57.69 57.99 58.09 7.53 0.25
Peat - - - - - - - - -

Mt:
Coking Coal 109.07 134.96 123.88 84.67 71.47 74.85 70.99 1.07 -3.30
Steam Coal 487.96 598.48 774.37 854.46 911.02 926.93 956.36 3.92 1.21
Brown Coal 44.51 59.30 110.57 112.98 112.52 112.91 113.02 7.88 0.14
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.19

OECD North America

4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL*

(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 73-90 90-05
(1)
TFC 2136.29 2204.57 2221.89 2653.43 2669.82 2725.04 2725.05 0.23 1.37
Coal 114.77 88.71 84.33 51.76 51.41 54.99 50.15 -1.80 -3.41
Oil 1143.41 1171.06 1177.76 1370.52 1412.79 1465.99 1471.24 0.17 1.49
Gas 569.00 552.10 514.93 612.07 584.22 572.32 553.06 -0.59 0.48
Comb. Renew/Wastes 73.21 98.10 53.19 98.53 89.91 95.09 100.08 -1.86 4.30
Geothermal - - 0.48 0.74 1.07 1.07 1.22 - 6.40
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - 2.12 1.90 1.91 1.87 - -
Electricity 235.76 293.12 387.22 508.99 520.33 527.94 541.61 2.96 2.26
Heat 0.14 1.47 3.98 8.70 8.18 5.74 5.83 21.94 2.58
of which:
Total Industry 648.26 665.05 514.95 594.41 529.77 543.32 528.75 -1.35 0.18
Coal 94.60 77.07 70.12 48.09 47.68 50.22 46.43 -1.75 -2.71
Oil 128.76 161.39 90.22 57.31 58.43 66.95 68.20 -2.07 -1.85
Gas 279.33 254.55 196.51 240.32 212.85 213.20 197.25 -2.05 0.02
Comb. Renew/Wastes 50.87 58.55 23.55 63.91 53.54 56.77 59.39 -4.43 6.36
Geothermal - - - 0.16 0.14 0.14 0.15 - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 94.57 112.05 133.65 177.51 150.40 151.25 152.49 2.06 0.88
Heat 0.14 1.43 0.90 7.11 6.73 4.80 4.84 11.73 11.87
Total Transport 668.15 717.50 825.22 1001.45 1036.84 1056.97 1075.45 1.25 1.78
Coal 0.18 - - - - - - - -
Oil 642.94 693.38 798.06 966.08 1000.53 1019.73 1034.60 1.28 1.75
Gas 24.06 23.41 26.15 29.39 26.71 25.53 27.41 0.49 0.31
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - 4.74 8.12 10.15 11.85 - -
Electricity 0.97 0.71 1.01 1.23 1.49 1.55 1.59 0.24 3.09
Residential 386.83 360.37 362.65 446.61 459.13 451.39 455.71 -0.38 1.53
Coal 4.77 2.35 2.17 1.99 0.03 0.04 0.04 -4.54 -23.95
Oil 122.89 76.91 54.31 61.69 60.13 58.45 55.58 -4.69 0.15
Gas 170.85 170.95 163.89 186.68 191.69 183.18 181.27 -0.24 0.67
Comb. Renew/Wastes 9.70 10.35 10.30 25.96 25.12 25.11 25.71 0.35 6.29
Geothermal - - - 0.31 0.50 0.50 0.57 - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - 2.06 1.81 1.81 1.76 - -
Electricity 78.61 99.80 131.98 167.92 179.84 182.30 190.78 3.09 2.49
Heat - - 0.00 - - - 0.00 - 11.30
Comm & Public Services 237.73 232.35 262.10 320.34 332.92 336.54 339.13 0.58 1.73
Coal 4.87 2.63 3.41 1.30 2.81 3.51 2.72 -2.07 -1.51
Oil 79.80 54.40 38.50 34.90 37.92 39.89 38.81 -4.20 0.05
Gas 94.03 96.74 99.39 120.26 121.49 118.62 117.57 0.33 1.13
Comb. Renew/Waste - - - 1.77 2.91 3.01 2.86 - -
Geothermal - - - 0.27 0.43 0.43 0.49 - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - 0.06 0.09 0.10 0.10 - -
Electricity 59.03 78.54 117.71 160.17 165.80 170.03 175.58 4.14 2.70
Heat - 0.04 3.08 1.59 1.45 0.94 1.00 - -7.25
Non-Energy Use 140.14 160.88 199.23 257.99 261.88 282.49 273.17 2.09 2.13
Coal - 0.18 0.50 0.38 0.36 0.39 0.36 - -2.20
Oil 139.41 154.64 170.46 223.03 230.73 250.96 243.86 1.19 2.42
Gas 0.73 6.06 28.28 34.58 30.79 31.14 28.95 24.03 0.16
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.20 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

OECD North America

5. COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

Production 495.1 671.7 829.2 835.2 843.0 858.8 873.8 3.1 0.2
Imports 16.4 17.9 16.9 34.0 48.0 50.9 56.6 0.2 7.6
Exports -55.2 -98.0 -126.2 -80.2 -65.4 -69.8 -67.8 5.0 -3.9
Stock Changes 12.5 -20.4 -25.6 38.5 9.2 6.4 -27.7 x x
Primary Supply 468.8 571.2 694.4 827.5 834.8 846.2 835.0 2.3 1.3
Statistical Difference 18.6 -11.1 4.1 10.6 -15.2 -15.3 .. x x
Total Transformation -363.9 -467.7 -612.2 -784.2 -760.9 -777.6 .. 3.1 1.6
Electricity and Heat Gen. -321.8 -438.7 -590.1 -762.3 -749.5 -766.6 .. 3.6 1.8
Main activity producers (1) -321.8 -438.7 -583.8 -744.7 -739.5 -757.6 .. 3.6 1.8
Autoproducers - -0.0 -6.4 -17.5 -10.0 -9.0 .. - 2.4
Gas Works -0.1 - -2.7 -2.7 -2.5 -2.7 .. 26.3 -0.1
(2)
Coal Transformation -42.1 -29.0 -19.3 -19.2 -8.9 -8.3 .. -4.5 -5.5
BKB plants - - - - - - .. - -
Blast Furnaces -27.7 -18.4 -12.9 -13.1 -11.5 -10.6 .. -4.4 -1.3
Coke Ovens -14.4 -10.6 -6.4 -6.1 -3.0 -4.3 .. -4.7 -2.6
Patent Fuel plants - - - - 5.5 6.6 .. - -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - .. - -
Own use -8.7 -3.6 -2.0 -2.2 -3.7 -3.2 .. -8.4 3.2
Distribution Losses -0.0 -0.0 - - - - .. x x
(4)
Final Consumption 114.8 88.7 84.3 51.8 55.0 50.1 .. -1.8 -3.4
(5)
Industry sector 94.6 77.1 70.1 48.1 50.2 46.4 .. -1.7 -2.7
Iron and Steel 54.0 36.0 21.2 14.5 10.2 7.1 .. -5.4 -7.0
Chemical 11.9 11.2 12.4 9.3 7.5 7.0 .. 0.2 -3.7
Non-metallic minerals 5.9 10.3 11.6 12.1 11.9 11.6 .. 4.1 -0.0
Paper, pulp and print 7.1 7.4 10.4 3.6 6.5 6.6 .. 2.2 -3.0
Transport sector(6) 0.2 - - - - - .. - -
(7)
Other Sectors 20.0 11.5 13.7 3.3 4.4 3.4 .. -2.2 -8.9
Comm. and pub. services 4.9 2.6 3.4 1.3 3.5 2.7 .. -2.1 -1.5
Residential 4.8 2.4 2.2 2.0 0.0 0.0 .. -4.5 -24.0
Non-energy Use - 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 .. - -2.2
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by
* the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.21

OECD North America

6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES*

(million tonnes) Average annual
percent change
1978 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 78-90 90-05
Steam Coal 496.24 560.62 719.49 891.34 905.71 940.20 960.42 3.14 1.94
Total Electricity and Heat 418.38 491.32 653.18 860.85 774.27 779.93 788.22 3.78 1.26
Main activity producers 418.37 491.31 646.88 845.37 766.38 772.25 781.72 3.70 1.27
Autoproducers 0.01 0.01 6.29 15.49 7.89 7.67 6.50 66.36 0.22
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - 102.19 107.54 119.90 - -
Coke Ovens - - - 1.79 1.20 1.33 1.58 - -
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - 0.18 2.50 1.85 1.73 1.28 - 13.87
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector 46.04 46.33 53.39 37.51 38.15 37.84 37.30 1.24 -2.36
Iron and Steel 3.73 2.53 1.70 1.35 0.65 0.67 0.28 -6.36 -11.34
Chemical 10.34 12.72 14.26 10.51 7.98 7.08 7.17 2.71 -4.48
Non-metallic minerals 11.88 11.62 12.65 13.26 12.65 12.87 12.63 0.53 -0.01
Paper, Pulp and Print 7.82 8.27 11.37 4.10 6.69 6.45 6.77 3.17 -3.39
Other industry 12.27 11.19 13.42 8.29 10.18 10.78 10.45 0.75 -1.65
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 8.58 5.40 6.03 3.70 3.25 4.05 3.14 -2.90 -4.27
Non-energy use - 0.02 0.26 0.33 0.30 0.33 0.29 - 0.85
Coking Coal 79.71 72.75 43.20 31.36 28.22 26.49 25.21 -4.98 -3.53
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - 2.42 2.60 2.90 - -
Coke Ovens 75.71 71.75 43.16 31.13 24.40 23.68 22.90 -4.58 -4.14
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector - - - - - - - - -
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal/Lignite 43.94 58.04 109.28 114.74 125.30 117.07 121.55 7.89 0.71
Total Electricity and Heat 41.10 53.39 101.99 110.09 115.89 110.80 113.17 7.87 0.70
Main activity producers 41.10 53.39 100.89 108.85 113.80 108.68 111.11 7.77 0.65
Autoproducers - - 1.10 1.25 2.09 2.12 2.06 - 4.29
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -
Gas manufacture - - 5.64 5.67 5.53 4.87 5.39 - -0.29
Industry sector 2.47 3.05 1.41 1.59 0.41 0.36 0.49 -4.57 -6.84
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - 0.17 0.23 0.24 0.25 0.23 0.24 - 0.17
Non-metallic minerals - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 - 7.60
Paper, Pulp and Print 0.17 0.19 0.10 0.10 0.06 0.06 0.07 -4.60 -2.08
Other industry 2.31 2.69 1.08 1.25 0.11 0.06 0.17 -6.12 -11.53
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 0.34 0.29 0.17 0.12 0.11 0.12 0.05 -5.64 -7.29
Non-energy use - - 0.09 0.14 0.15 0.16 0.16 - 4.12
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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III.22 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

OECD North America

7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

(US Dollars / tce)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Heavy Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
For Industry
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
High Suplhur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

(US Dollars / unit)(2)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Heavy Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
For Industry
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
High Suplhur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL*

(Mtce)

1973 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Imports 16.37 17.85 16.94 34.03 41.46 47.69 47.97 50.88 56.62
Hard Coal 14.97 16.93 15.86 26.85 32.95 39.12 37.44 42.21 46.09
Coking Coal .. 7.02 4.45 5.72 6.46 4.78 5.19 5.54 5.56
Steam Coal .. 9.91 11.41 21.13 26.49 34.35 32.25 36.67 40.53
Brown Coal / Lignite - - - 2.80 5.07 5.59 3.96 5.23 5.85
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 1.40 0.93 1.08 4.38 3.44 2.98 6.57 3.44 4.68

Total Exports 55.24 97.96 126.22 80.22 55.55 57.92 65.42 69.84 67.78
Hard Coal 53.62 96.02 125.51 78.94 54.62 57.13 60.19 63.74 63.61
Coking Coal .. 71.71 84.68 54.27 39.75 40.91 42.74 46.70 43.97
Steam Coal .. 24.31 40.83 24.67 14.87 16.21 17.45 17.04 19.64
Brown Coal / Lignite 0.00 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.12 0.11 0.16 0.18 0.23
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 1.62 1.91 0.67 1.26 0.81 0.68 5.07 5.92 3.94
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

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 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.23

OECD North America

9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Hard Coal 17499 17540 16846 28687 36519 e 43427 e 41353 e 47406 e 51607

Coking Coal 6024 7212 4719 5843 6522 e 4828 e 5416 e 5767 e 5786
Australia - - - - 605 200 182 144 72
Canada - - 122 1511 1593 1356 1735 1458 1461
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States 5924 7112 4497 4296 4291 e 3264 e 3429 e 4155 e 4133
Other OECD - - - - 9 - - - -

China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -

Colombia - - - - 24 e 8 e - 9 e 7
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - - - - - - - -
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - - - - - - -
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - 70 - -
Venezuela - - - 36 - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other 100 100 100 - - - - 1 113

Steam Coal 11475 10328 12127 22844 29997 e 38599 e 35937 e 41639 e 45821
Australia 933 - 22 1226 2021 e 5774 e 2141 5392 6530
Canada 49 37 883 693 968 907 1797 823 799
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - 25 e 14 e - - -
Poland 645 287 - - 110 176 e 68 70 -
United Kingdom - - 5 - 81 e 55 e 40 1 1
United States 8796 9245 9639 10981 8301 e 8744 e 8313 e 7336 e 6410
Other OECD - - - 6 29 232 e 103 261 236

China, People's Rep. - - - 174 3227 e 817 e 152 72 e 57

Colombia - - 1296 6928 9412 e 14274 e 16012 e 20665 e 23460
Indonesia - - - 651 1746 1910 1979 2239 2855
South Africa 996 699 - 61 70 71 31 70 56
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - 92 157 e 211 e 275 e 471 e 1117
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - 81 e 64 e 225 e 141 e -
Venezuela - - 277 1960 3560 e 5119 e 4758 e 4012 e 4252
Vietnam - - - - 5 50 e 33 85 27
Non-Specified/Other 56 60 5 72 204 e 181 e 10 1 21
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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III.24 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

OECD North America

10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Exports 40450 71373 84425 58166 42503 e 43755 e 48196 e 52711 e 49586
Exports to:
Total OECD 36030 62263 67287 45136 35107 e 33980 e 36147 e 41133 e 38320
Australia - - - - - - - - -
Austria - - - - - - - 239 30
Belgium 1103 2840 5538 2717 1918 e 1405 e 1309 e 1528 e 1596
Canada 5410 5694 3988 3501 4277 3263 3431 4034 4134
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Denmark - 141 50 - - - - - -
Finland - 20 127 288 294 e 397 e 412 e 776 e 795
France 1468 4082 4880 2782 1443 e 1483 e 1388 e 1610 e 1652
Germany 560 1710 708 1211 1406 e 1608 e 2020 e 2230 e 2607
Greece - 364 - - 17 - 553 e - -
Hungary - - - 65 11 - - - 70
Iceland - 6 28 48 87 83 82 57 19
Ireland - 198 - - - - - - -
Italy 3069 5594 6536 4467 3060 e 3495 e 2677 e 3672 e 4152
Japan 19925 30625 26588 12937 8926 e 7488 e 7759 e 8446 e 7523
Korea 1173 1994 2908 4947 3204 e 3268 e 3848 e 5497 e 4573
Luxembourg - - - - - - - - -
Mexico - 28 3 740 880 e 1324 e 1253 e 994 e 612
Netherlands 929 2390 3975 2143 2319 e 2595 e 2787 e 2355 e 2297
New Zealand - - - - - - - - -
Norway 68 252 99 42 13 17 32 18 -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
Portugal 265 305 753 198 - - 88 - -
Slovak Republic - - - - - - - - 54
Spain 838 2171 3156 2331 1452 e 1871 e 1426 e 2029 e 1397
Sweden 453 1073 866 642 393 346 570 464 426
Switzerland - 99 - - - - 22 - -
Turkey 409 796 1957 2403 1531 e 1771 e 2457 e 2667 e 2186
United Kingdom 360 1881 4355 3134 2283 e 2203 e 2298 e 2915 e 2681
United States - - 772 540 1593 e 1363 e 1735 e 1602 e 1462

Total Non-OECD 4600 9930 12768 9805 7395 e 9774 e 12152 e 12156 e 11709
Brazil 1942 3490 6327 5564 4364 e 4841 e 4545 e 4831 e 5519
Chinese Taipei 205 359 357 1440 1077 e 1077 e 1438 e 1274 e 1220
Egypt 218 749 586 682 684 e 1306 e 1120 e 706 e 869
Hong Kong, China - - - - - - - - -
India 200 263 - 22 9 18 813 e 1078 959
Israel - - 50 56 - - - - -
Romania 673 853 1559 443 - 58 e 121 547 75
Oth. Africa & Mid. East 1 642 614 269 357 e 695 e 381 377 312
Other Latin America 914 1603 872 496 428 e 446 e 622 e 575 e 681
Other Asia & Oceania 24 49 529 - 264 e 799 e 2333 e 1060 e 264
Other Eastern Europe 243 1018 1040 833 212 534 587 e 1130 e 1244

Non-Specified/Other - 84 5204 3225 1 e 1 e 89 - 177

Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.25

OECD North America

11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Exports 10808 27123 42493 27345 18371 e 20137 e 20898 e 20572 e 22700
Exports to:
Total OECD 10341 25340 35375 25820 17857 e 19436 e 19068 e 17956 e 20788
Australia - - 1 - 16 e 22 e - - -
Austria - - - - - - - - -
Belgium 27 1383 2178 429 458 348 555 411 363
Canada 8782 10136 10083 13524 10859 15569 12680 13625 13909
Czech Republic - - - - - 1 e - - -
Denmark 309 1608 3321 70 6 e 265 e 67 66 348
Finland - 233 - - - 66 - - 360
France 38 2984 1758 564 15 e 46 e - 64 e 195
Germany 528 1188 384 522 508 355 376 133 569
Greece - 4 - - 1 e 2 e - - -
Hungary - - - - - - - - -
Iceland - - 15 - - - - - -
Ireland - 159 1322 456 633 216 - - -
Italy 22 924 4451 79 435 62 122 23 -
Japan 243 1426 4007 4425 1598 e 269 e 1640 e 964 e 1378
Korea 356 552 719 2275 1544 e 568 e 665 749 e 917
Luxembourg - - - - - - - - -
Mexico - - 188 373 96 99 670 e 341 156
Netherlands 27 1834 3982 643 239 e 511 e 591 829 793
New Zealand - - 1 - - - - - -
Norway - - 62 74 22 e - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
Portugal - 24 1386 343 115 406 317 143 267
Slovak Republic - - - - - - - - -
Spain - 970 282 441 614 126 67 - 250
Sweden - 39 21 - - - - 71 -
Switzerland - - - - - - - - -
Turkey 5 - 15 55 149 e 114 e - 67 -
United Kingdom - 1875 1005 1016 539 212 558 361 1052
United States 4 1 194 531 10 e 179 e 760 e 109 e 231

Total Non-OECD 95 1699 5903 1037 431 e 573 e 1799 e 2501 e 1805
Brazil 11 98 177 22 17 182 883 693 176
Chinese Taipei - 530 3820 - - - 1 1 3
Egypt - - - - - - - - -
Hong Kong, China - - 108 1 - - - - -
India - - - - - - 224 217 71
Israel - - 530 - 120 e 1 e - - -
Romania - 413 - - 1 e - 135 844 927
Oth. Africa & Mid. East 1 56 682 825 127 184 358 63 190
Other Latin America 82 575 522 49 160 e 139 e 140 e 397 e 358
Other Asia & Oceania 1 19 5 8 6 e 67 e - 128 e 6
Other Eastern Europe - 8 47 66 - - 29 115 74

Non-Specified/Other 372 84 1227 554 83 128 60 158 107

Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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III.26 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

OECD/IEA Pacific*
Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce) Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)
1400 250

1200
200
1000

150
800

600 100

400
50
200

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal/TPES
Coal Oil Gas Nuclear Renewables Coal/Population
Coal/GDP

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

350 350

300 300

250 250

200 200

150 150

100 100

50 50

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Production Coal Supply Electricity and Heat Other Transformation
Exports Imports Industry Other Use

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh) Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2)
2000 2500
1800
1600 2000
1400
1200 1500
1000
800 1000
600
400 500
200
0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal Oil Gas Hydro Nuclear Other Coal Oil Gas Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.27

OECD/IEA Pacific

1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

TPES (Mtce) 587.35 667.81 913.09 1208.79 1252.15 1261.57 1265.06 2.63 2.18
Coal 128.34 144.83 198.37 266.56 311.21 311.23 319.10 2.59 3.05
Oil 424.50 425.08 487.90 584.44 566.61 560.78 540.54 0.82 0.93
Gas 12.48 42.36 93.66 152.83 174.34 177.35 190.97 12.59 4.35
Comb. Renew/Waste 5.04 5.90 14.59 18.53 20.33 20.78 20.87 6.45 2.39
Nuclear 3.61 32.04 94.99 160.46 153.82 168.10 168.61 21.20 3.88
Hydro 11.52 15.01 16.36 16.27 17.36 14.87 16.12 2.08 -0.63
Geothermal 1.86 2.56 5.41 8.32 7.19 7.03 7.33 6.49 1.76
Solar, Wind, Tide - 0.03 1.80 1.37 1.27 1.39 1.49 - -1.69
Net Electricity trade(1) - - - - - - - - -
Heat(2) - - - - 0.03 0.03 0.04 - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries.
(2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

GDP (2000 bil. US$) 2498 3159 4716 5614 5998 6165 6303 3.81 1.80
TPES/GDP(1) 0.24 0.21 0.19 0.22 0.21 0.20 0.20 -1.14 0.37
Population (millions) 159.4 172.9 186.9 197.0 200.1 200.6 201.0 0.94 0.47
TPES/population(1) 3.69 3.86 4.89 6.14 6.26 6.29 6.29 1.67 1.70
TPES/GDP(2) 109.2 98.2 89.9 100.0 96.9 95.0 93.2 -1.14 0.37
Coal Supply/GDP(2) 108.2 96.5 88.6 100.0 109.3 106.3 106.6 -1.17 1.22
Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 80.5 82.7 86.1 100.0 104.0 104.1 .. 0.40 1.28
Elec. Generation (TWh) 563 728 1129 1561 1719 1776 1767 4.17 3.07
Industrial Production(2) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators
(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita.
(2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Average annual
percent change
1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 78-90 90-05

Mtce:
Coking Coal 47.37 48.49 63.41 103.28 117.00 128.13 130.94 2.46 4.80
Steam Coal 41.87 44.54 92.75 118.92 142.49 147.81 149.55 6.85 3.16
Brown Coal 9.73 11.01 14.68 21.05 21.91 22.59 22.76 3.49 2.91
Peat - - - - - - - - -

Mt:
Coking Coal 48.94 49.86 65.59 106.08 120.32 131.77 134.67 2.47 4.76
Steam Coal 59.68 61.11 120.61 144.11 173.64 180.94 183.07 6.04 2.74
Brown Coal 30.66 33.13 46.15 67.51 68.85 70.98 71.49 3.47 2.91
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
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III.28 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

OECD/IEA Pacific

4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL*

(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 73-90 90-05
(1)
TFC 425.49 455.71 624.35 802.33 821.50 833.39 837.33 2.28 1.98
Coal 46.37 51.59 69.26 52.29 53.30 54.61 54.39 2.39 -1.60
Oil 299.49 297.07 383.40 494.86 492.53 491.46 484.70 1.46 1.58
Gas 13.62 22.03 35.90 67.75 73.75 76.89 81.84 5.87 5.65
Comb. Renew/Wastes 4.99 5.63 10.08 12.60 12.64 12.61 12.75 4.22 1.58
Geothermal - - 0.50 0.64 0.65 0.64 0.64 - 1.64
Solar, Wind, Tide - 0.03 1.80 1.33 1.09 0.97 0.97 - -4.01
Electricity 60.98 79.21 123.13 170.28 182.10 189.15 194.69 4.22 3.10
Heat 0.04 0.15 0.29 2.59 5.44 7.05 7.35 12.32 24.18
of which:
Total Industry 179.40 171.00 203.57 224.42 223.88 229.23 230.25 0.75 0.82
Coal 34.18 38.14 54.43 49.66 50.73 51.76 51.09 2.77 -0.42
Oil 97.38 72.36 71.85 72.95 64.24 63.57 63.20 -1.77 -0.85
Gas 5.27 9.33 12.97 20.75 21.17 22.32 23.34 5.44 3.99
Comb. Renew/Wastes 2.13 3.17 6.68 9.32 9.20 9.60 9.93 6.95 2.68
Geothermal - - 0.31 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.20 - -3.10
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -
Electricity 40.43 48.00 57.34 71.54 75.63 77.65 78.39 2.08 2.11
Heat - - - - 2.71 4.13 4.10 - -
Total Transport 86.95 115.36 168.26 226.11 232.86 234.13 229.59 3.96 2.09
Coal 0.33 0.01 0.10 0.13 0.08 0.09 0.13 -6.65 1.64
Oil 84.89 113.31 165.64 222.67 229.29 230.27 225.50 4.01 2.08
Gas - 0.01 0.10 0.44 0.65 0.82 0.97 - 16.74
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - - 0.00 0.01 0.03 - -
Electricity 1.73 2.03 2.42 2.87 2.85 2.95 2.96 2.00 1.34
Residential 47.42 60.23 85.11 105.37 109.46 109.82 120.98 3.50 2.37
Coal 11.54 12.92 12.51 0.84 0.83 0.97 1.40 0.47 -13.57
Oil 14.03 15.85 22.60 30.11 27.95 27.21 28.08 2.84 1.46
Gas 5.87 9.54 14.04 25.63 29.32 28.05 29.74 5.26 5.13
Comb. Renew/Wastes 2.86 2.43 3.32 3.04 3.02 2.59 2.38 0.90 -2.21
Geothermal - - 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -18.57
Solar, Wind, Tide - 0.03 1.73 1.29 1.05 0.94 0.94 - -4.00
Electricity 13.13 19.46 30.80 42.88 45.51 48.18 56.33 5.14 4.11
Heat - - 0.04 1.57 1.78 1.88 2.12 - 29.50
Comm & Public Services 32.21 37.20 83.60 121.23 127.15 128.26 125.36 5.77 2.74
Coal 0.27 0.52 1.59 1.06 1.08 1.18 1.16 10.94 -2.06
Oil 24.39 24.50 42.77 49.96 48.66 44.57 41.91 3.36 -0.13
Gas 2.14 2.68 6.97 17.14 18.86 21.71 24.74 7.21 8.81
Comb. Renew/Waste - 0.03 0.08 0.24 0.42 0.41 0.41 - 11.89
Geothermal - - 0.06 0.31 0.32 0.31 0.31 - 11.04
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.07 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 - -4.30
Electricity 5.38 9.32 31.82 51.61 56.83 58.99 55.66 11.02 3.80
Heat 0.04 0.15 0.24 0.87 0.94 1.04 1.13 11.22 10.86
Non-Energy Use 59.68 50.41 67.55 106.98 110.51 114.51 114.20 0.73 3.56
Coal - - 0.58 0.57 0.56 0.58 0.56 - -0.23
Oil 59.43 49.96 65.15 102.63 106.23 109.97 110.63 0.54 3.59
Gas 0.26 0.45 1.82 3.78 3.72 3.96 3.00 12.23 3.38
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.29

OECD/IEA Pacific

5. COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

Production 94.4 104.0 170.8 243.2 281.4 298.5 303.2 3.5 3.8
Imports 59.6 74.9 128.1 195.5 240.9 230.2 235.5 4.6 4.0
Exports -26.0 -42.8 -98.3 -177.8 -206.5 -218.9 -219.2 8.1 5.5
Stock Changes 0.3 8.7 -2.2 5.6 -4.6 1.4 -0.5 x x
Primary Supply 128.3 144.8 198.4 266.6 311.2 311.2 319.1 2.6 3.0
Statistical Difference -2.5 -2.3 3.3 -1.8 -8.8 0.9 .. x x
Total Transformation -75.5 -86.2 -126.4 -205.8 -243.6 -253.9 .. 3.1 4.8
Electricity and Heat Gen. -37.8 -45.3 -86.6 -164.0 -199.0 -209.5 .. 5.0 6.1
Main activity producers (1) -37.8 -41.0 -75.7 -147.6 -179.5 -190.8 .. 4.2 6.4
Autoproducers -0.1 -4.3 -10.9 -16.4 -19.4 -18.7 .. 36.0 3.7
Gas Works -3.1 -1.8 -0.6 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 .. -9.3 -14.0
(2)
Coal Transformation -34.7 -39.1 -39.2 -41.5 -44.6 -44.4 .. 0.7 0.8
BKB plants -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 -0.0 -0.0 -0.2 .. -5.3 6.9
Blast Furnaces -27.1 -23.7 -30.2 -35.4 -36.0 -35.1 .. 0.6 1.0
Coke Ovens -5.8 -14.5 -4.1 -5.9 -8.7 -9.2 .. -2.0 5.5
Patent Fuel plants -1.5 -0.6 -4.8 -0.2 0.1 0.1 .. 6.9 -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - .. - -
Own use -3.9 -4.7 -6.0 -6.7 -4.1 -3.8 .. 2.6 -3.0
Distribution Losses - -0.0 - - - - .. x x
(4)
Final Consumption 46.4 51.6 69.3 52.3 54.6 54.4 .. 2.4 -1.6
(5)
Industry sector 34.2 38.1 54.4 49.7 51.8 51.1 .. 2.8 -0.4
Iron and Steel 26.9 27.3 26.5 19.7 24.1 23.3 .. -0.1 -0.9
Chemical 0.4 0.7 4.2 4.3 4.4 5.5 .. 15.1 1.7
Non-metallic minerals 0.9 5.9 12.0 12.2 12.0 10.8 .. 16.5 -0.7
Paper, pulp and print 0.3 0.5 1.9 2.3 2.4 2.5 .. 10.9 1.6
Transport sector(6) 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 .. -6.7 1.6
(7)
Other Sectors 11.9 13.4 14.1 1.9 2.2 2.6 .. 1.0 -10.7
Comm. and pub. services 0.3 0.5 1.6 1.1 1.2 1.2 .. 10.9 -2.1
Residential 11.5 12.9 12.5 0.8 1.0 1.4 .. 0.5 -13.6
Non-energy Use - - 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 .. - -0.2
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by
* the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

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6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES*

(million tonnes) Average annual
percent change
1978 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 78-90 90-05
Steam Coal 57.24 70.43 128.22 201.05 226.79 242.16 251.82 6.95 4.60
Total Electricity and Heat 30.57 35.63 77.22 152.59 184.73 191.20 207.72 8.03 6.82
Main activity producers 30.21 34.16 72.22 144.86 174.34 180.03 196.41 7.53 6.90
Autoproducers 0.36 1.48 5.00 7.73 10.40 11.17 11.31 24.52 5.59
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants 18.64 20.40 20.81 1.22 1.17 1.39 2.01 0.92 -14.43
Coke Ovens 0.13 0.04 5.89 11.46 12.14 11.43 11.65 37.67 4.66
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - 0.62 0.67 0.78 0.79 0.76 - 1.34
Gas manufacture 0.19 0.12 - - - - - - -
Industry sector 7.37 12.54 25.03 31.09 28.86 29.21 28.96 10.73 0.98
Iron and Steel 1.46 1.52 2.05 2.69 4.53 4.78 4.42 2.86 5.27
Chemical 0.34 0.26 2.63 3.92 4.18 4.05 5.18 18.50 4.63
Non-metallic minerals 1.88 7.43 12.61 13.30 13.34 12.81 11.66 17.21 -0.52
Paper, Pulp and Print 0.35 0.45 2.25 2.64 2.57 2.83 2.89 16.65 1.70
Other industry 3.34 2.88 5.50 8.54 4.24 4.74 4.80 4.25 -0.89
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 1.49 1.30 0.97 1.09 1.07 1.19 1.13 -3.50 1.02
Non-energy use - - 0.02 - - - - - -
Coking Coal 67.95 81.25 82.82 81.30 82.64 87.00 82.81 1.66 -0.00
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens 64.35 76.69 79.01 72.24 72.79 73.61 73.38 1.73 -0.49
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - 3.23 8.88 10.87 10.55 11.10 - 8.57
Gas manufacture 4.45 4.30 - - - - - - -
Industry sector 0.12 0.01 0.16 - 0.07 0.06 - 2.66 -
Iron and Steel 0.06 - - - 0.07 0.06 - - -
Chemical 0.01 0.01 - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry 0.04 - 0.16 - - - - 11.30 -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 0.01 0.01 0.02 - - - - 13.14 -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal/Lignite 30.64 33.13 46.20 67.55 68.66 68.89 71.01 3.48 2.91
Total Electricity and Heat 27.32 29.23 44.14 66.34 67.57 68.15 69.83 4.08 3.11
Main activity producers 26.32 28.00 43.07 65.25 67.57 68.15 69.83 4.19 3.27
Autoproducers 0.99 1.23 1.07 1.09 - - - 0.62 -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants 2.85 3.35 1.78 0.96 0.79 0.46 0.90 -3.84 -4.47
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector 0.42 0.42 0.20 0.18 0.23 0.22 0.22 -6.07 0.61
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical 0.03 0.02 0.03 - - - - -1.23 -
Non-metallic minerals 0.00 0.01 0.00 - 0.00 0.00 0.00 -3.32 -
Paper, Pulp and Print 0.30 0.30 - - - - - - -
Other industry 0.10 0.09 0.17 0.18 0.23 0.22 0.22 5.12 1.52
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 0.05 0.11 0.08 0.08 0.07 0.06 0.06 3.49 -2.12
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.31

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7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

(US Dollars / tce)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Heavy Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
For Industry
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
High Suplhur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

(US Dollars / unit)(2)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Heavy Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
For Industry
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
High Suplhur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL*

(Mtce)

1973 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Imports 59.64 74.95 128.11 195.47 214.59 221.23 240.91 230.19 235.55
Hard Coal 59.61 74.83 127.59 192.88 212.20 218.73 237.09 227.05 233.63
Coking Coal .. 69.12 79.86 73.69 75.43 75.04 79.46 74.22 89.55
Steam Coal .. 5.71 47.73 119.19 136.76 143.70 157.64 152.82 144.08
Brown Coal / Lignite - - - - - - - - 0.00
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 0.04 0.12 0.52 2.60 2.39 2.50 3.82 3.14 1.92

Total Exports 26.00 42.84 98.34 177.77 194.75 198.53 206.50 218.89 219.16
Hard Coal 25.38 40.70 95.88 175.09 191.31 195.63 204.18 217.17 217.14
Coking Coal .. 34.80 56.26 98.70 104.94 107.11 110.62 123.88 119.96
Steam Coal .. 5.90 39.62 76.39 86.37 88.52 93.56 93.30 97.17
Brown Coal / Lignite - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 0.61 2.13 2.46 2.68 3.44 2.90 2.32 1.72 2.02
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

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III.32 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

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9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Hard Coal 55041 73604 130654 e 214064 e 233357 240025 260647 252555 258870

Coking Coal 52885 66214 76229 e 76656 e 78438 78059 82645 77204 93022
Australia 25299 28194 39565 e 45398 e 46520 46442 47858 45356 57023
Canada 11304 11587 13316 e 9389 e 6821 6193 6246 6821 11152
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany 398 - - - - - - - -
Poland 429 387 - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - 36 5 - -
United States 10406 20296 10275 e 2841 e 142 21 2178 1348 360
Other OECD 11 70 225 367 355 364 319 279 990

China, People's Rep. 420 979 2802 9555 e 14218 13615 12658 9815 7350
Colombia - - 153 - 10 11 12 - 28
Indonesia - - 668 5886 e 7274 7595 9194 9842 11757
South Africa 2360 2803 3055 e 603 161 45 23 25 -
Former USSR(2) 2244 1898 - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - 6150 2498 e 2892 3710 4137 3672 4285
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - - -
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - 27 - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other 14 - 20 92 e 45 27 15 46 77

Steam Coal 2156 7390 54425 e 137408 e 154919 161966 178002 175351 165848
Australia 668 4262 24852 e 67166 e 71453 74723 84365 86591 77749
Canada 105 367 8170 e 9944 e 7133 6415 4108 4973 2487
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - 2 - 9 - -
United States 1 616 5751 e 2396 e 572 209 3616 1252 538
Other OECD - - 138 637 e 593 657 779 609 3

China, People's Rep. 513 1086 3504 e 32680 e 46247 47782 39400 32749 30412
Colombia - - 94 - 17 20 23 - -
Indonesia - 9 806 e 14185 e 19071 21727 31654 e 35977 e 42137
South Africa 157 386 7057 e 3448 e 270 80 43 50 76
Former USSR(2) 149 233 - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - 3402 5497 e 6944 7144 10453 10182 10019
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - 21 -
Venezuela - - - - - 8 - 15 -
Vietnam - - 150 1012 e 2274 2808 3237 2400 2312
Non-Specified/Other 563 431 501 443 343 393 315 532 115
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.33

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10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Exports 31085 33590 58463 101374 107765 110004 113640 127245 123199
Exports to:
Total OECD 29156 31917 44464 74819 70481 e 71414 e 75646 e 84192 e 79891
Australia - - - 122 - - - - -
Austria - - - - - - - - -
Belgium 374 175 1054 1865 1272 1134 1255 1881 1994
Canada - - 30 - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Denmark - - - - - - - - -
Finland - - - - 412 414 324 392 377
France 1173 903 1978 3780 4417 4421 4105 3895 3329
Germany - - 25 2619 1508 e 1455 1576 1746 1843
Greece 191 48 - - - - - - -
Hungary - - - - - - - - -
Iceland - - - - - - - - -
Ireland - - - - - - - 14 -
Italy 1319 1164 1181 2984 1832 1628 1930 2527 2260
Japan 22651 25649 29029 39949 41497 e 42253 e 42395 e 46004 e 45437
Korea 1330 2266 5053 10358 6964 7442 10138 12457 7704
Luxembourg - - - - - - - - -
Mexico 10 - - 666 506 497 451 588 1513
Netherlands 992 329 725 2279 3832 e 3385 4670 5652 7009
New Zealand - - - - - - - - -
Norway - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
Portugal - - - - - - - - -
Slovak Republic - - - - - - - - -
Spain 593 698 694 2220 2445 2492 2676 2470 2139
Sweden - - 702 992 993 995 1207 1226 1170
Switzerland - - - 46 - - - - -
Turkey - - 912 1451 995 1161 682 720 1098
United Kingdom 469 685 3081 5488 3737 4088 4063 4451 3928
United States 54 - - - 71 49 e 174 169 90

Total Non-OECD 1929 1667 14187 26345 26316 e 29507 e 31857 e 38923 e 36368
Brazil 164 - 1291 4988 3718 e 4761 e 4234 e 3545 e 3699
Chinese Taipei 981 837 2798 6273 4010 3824 5311 7091 7717
Egypt - 157 323 - 252 245 - 353 225
Hong Kong, China - - - - 12 - - - -
India 32 227 4895 10773 12545 e 14108 13582 17442 16392
Israel - - - - - 161 - 129 194
Romania 675 267 2256 - 151 202 190 46 71
Oth. Africa & Mid. East - - 454 1554 2691 2333 2354 2807 2381
Other Latin America 32 60 500 1371 1135 e 1557 e 1428 e 1806 e 1774
Other Asia & Oceania 45 119 1294 1316 1404 e 1853 e 4114 e 5301 e 3694
Other Eastern Europe - - 188 70 398 463 609 403 221

Non-Specified/Other - 6 - 210 10968 9083 6172 4130 6940

Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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III.34 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

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11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Exports 5533 8925 45270 87120 98502 100956 106696 106400 110821
Exports to:
Total OECD 4809 6834 37279 65893 75357 78728 85404 83114 86765
Australia - - - - - - - - -
Austria - - - - - - - - -
Belgium - 103 129 396 544 170 3 17 -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Denmark 150 304 1149 142 316 413 785 - 278
Finland - - - - 65 65 - - -
France 682 525 873 393 543 475 579 469 741
Germany 458 686 125 72 40 - 258 115 -
Greece - - - 110 - - - - -
Hungary - - - - - - - - -
Iceland - - - - - - - - -
Ireland - - 133 284 841 747 977 568 -
Italy - - - 358 514 767 509 141 -
Japan 1489 3581 26362 47361 50680 52636 58777 57277 59328
Korea - 11 3524 11455 14343 14197 16221 17947 20239
Luxembourg - - - - - - - - -
Mexico - - - - 1548 3264 2287 4238 4762
Netherlands 320 353 4236 2550 2071 1872 1590 725 301
New Zealand - - - 16 76 118 106 56 82
Norway - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
Portugal - - - - 705 831 248 - -
Slovak Republic - - - - - - - - -
Spain - - 205 992 1164 1426 912 291 500
Sweden - - 155 83 48 47 119 164 69
Switzerland - - 29 - 71 71 - - -
Turkey - - - 55 - - 48 45 -
United Kingdom 932 1211 328 1499 1166 1277 1879 993 425
United States 778 60 31 127 622 352 106 68 40

Total Non-OECD 204 1187 7991 21227 23145 22228 21389 23286 24056
Brazil - - 158 - 50 50 - 33 55
Chinese Taipei 76 991 3046 10034 10961 10817 9894 14329 13205
Egypt - - - - - - - - -
Hong Kong, China - - 2443 419 574 735 1202 374 77
India - - 47 2469 1644 1543 1744 1212 1225
Israel - - 528 2623 1792 1295 1716 1165 320
Romania - 49 33 - - - - - -
Oth. Africa & Mid. East - - - - - - - - -
Other Latin America - - 120 1373 849 708 1218 412 826
Other Asia & Oceania 128 147 1616 4309 7275 7080 5353 5761 8348
Other Eastern Europe - - - - - - 131 - -

Non-Specified/Other 520 904 - - - - 34 - -

Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.35

OECD Europe*
Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce) Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)
3000 120

2500 100

2000 80

1500 60

1000 40

500 20

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal/TPES
Coal Oil Gas Nuclear Renewables Coal/Population
Coal/GDP

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

800 800

700 700

600 600

500 500

400 400

300 300

200 200

100 100

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Production Coal Supply Electricity and Heat Other Transformation
Exports Imports Industry Other Use

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh) Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2)
4000 4500

3500 4000

3000 3500

3000
2500
2500
2000
2000
1500
1500
1000
1000
500 500

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal Oil Gas Hydro Nuclear Other Coal Oil Gas Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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III.36 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

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1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

TPES (Mtce) 2002.94 2153.71 2321.60 2534.40 2666.30 2679.61 2684.86 0.87 0.96
Coal 607.66 657.13 626.05 467.50 470.79 457.20 465.60 0.18 -2.07
Oil 1084.28 1006.42 895.70 979.73 998.65 1003.43 997.55 -1.12 0.76
Gas 192.59 296.03 368.55 558.22 627.89 647.23 639.04 3.89 3.83
Comb. Renew/Waste 44.27 50.97 75.43 99.30 115.67 121.26 131.14 3.18 3.22
Nuclear 27.69 85.79 291.38 348.01 369.67 365.25 364.28 14.85 1.52
Hydro 42.06 51.07 54.47 66.47 60.02 59.68 58.80 1.53 0.61
Geothermal 3.62 4.30 6.74 10.34 11.87 12.09 13.43 3.73 3.97
Solar, Wind, Tide 0.07 0.07 0.41 3.82 8.99 10.63 12.25 11.14 24.16
Net Electricity trade(1) 0.71 1.92 2.85 0.49 2.16 2.17 2.12 8.55 -1.78
Heat(2) - - 0.03 0.54 0.60 0.67 0.65 - 23.73
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries.
(2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

GDP (2000 bil. US$) 4796 5645 7174 8976 9604 9775 10071 2.40 2.08
TPES/GDP(1) 0.42 0.38 0.32 0.28 0.28 0.27 0.27 -1.49 -1.10
Population (millions) 455.0 473.8 497.6 521.5 534.1 536.6 539.0 0.53 0.50
TPES/population(1) 4.40 4.55 4.67 4.86 4.99 4.99 4.98 0.34 0.45
TPES/GDP(2) 147.9 135.1 114.6 100.0 98.3 97.1 94.4 -1.49 -1.10
Coal Supply/GDP(2) 243.2 223.5 167.5 100.0 94.1 89.8 88.8 -2.17 -4.07
Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 93.0 100.6 102.6 100.0 100.7 100.6 .. 0.58 -0.13
Elec. Generation (TWh) 1618 2049 2632 3195 3432 3485 3531 2.90 1.89
Industrial Production(2) .. 70.1 83.8 100.0 103.8 105.2 .. - 1.53
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators
(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita.
(2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Average annual
percent change
1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 78-90 90-05

Mtce:
Coking Coal 95.28 91.83 63.70 44.80 41.28 37.08 36.41 -3.30 -3.54
Steam Coal 310.02 319.36 244.85 127.78 112.46 107.39 101.82 -1.95 -5.35
Brown Coal 179.98 188.71 196.48 129.53 129.78 126.62 126.32 0.73 -2.89
Peat 2.30 2.67 5.06 3.48 3.12 4.67 5.73 6.79 -0.54

Mt:
Coking Coal 100.22 96.45 64.65 45.21 41.49 37.30 36.62 -3.59 -3.60
Steam Coal 382.36 395.05 306.57 160.07 144.48 135.38 128.37 -1.82 -5.30
Brown Coal 590.99 607.01 649.85 433.64 432.10 436.90 435.71 0.79 -2.61
Peat 8.05 9.34 14.93 10.59 9.44 13.84 16.85 5.28 -0.50
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
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 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.37

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4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL*

(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 73-90 90-05
(1)
TFC 1494.09 1573.90 1639.62 1808.27 1880.75 1915.10 1941.59 0.55 1.13
Coal 246.99 215.01 173.80 88.24 77.65 80.26 75.71 -2.05 -5.39
Oil 858.08 815.41 783.72 875.37 892.63 899.89 900.77 -0.53 0.93
Gas 153.86 239.94 291.36 382.02 410.89 419.16 422.41 3.83 2.51
Comb. Renew/Wastes 40.36 43.56 63.12 73.38 75.05 76.66 78.55 2.67 1.47
Geothermal 0.51 0.73 1.98 2.60 2.93 2.92 3.08 8.35 2.99
Solar, Wind, Tide - 0.01 0.25 0.96 1.30 1.41 1.50 - 12.84
Electricity 164.90 209.93 272.03 331.78 349.31 357.45 363.46 2.99 1.95
Heat 29.41 49.31 53.36 53.93 70.99 77.34 96.10 3.57 4.00
of which:
Total Industry 536.01 512.79 456.84 461.99 471.47 473.46 470.31 -0.94 0.19
Coal 127.34 111.27 100.34 66.54 57.92 59.28 55.50 -1.39 -3.87
Oil 217.77 168.72 82.64 77.01 77.18 74.89 73.30 -5.54 -0.80
Gas 77.85 98.47 111.00 139.61 144.28 142.57 143.73 2.11 1.74
Comb. Renew/Wastes 7.03 8.39 20.46 24.50 23.00 23.78 23.71 6.48 0.99
Geothermal 0.04 0.04 0.06 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.07 2.53 0.30
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.01 0.14 0.17 0.18 0.18 - 19.99
Electricity 90.59 105.28 123.55 142.13 145.06 148.89 149.50 1.84 1.28
Heat 15.38 20.62 18.78 11.97 23.76 23.78 24.32 1.18 1.74
Total Transport 274.38 325.27 420.81 516.92 530.12 545.23 550.40 2.55 1.81
Coal 9.79 3.63 0.30 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 -18.56 -19.14
Oil 259.51 315.23 412.47 505.73 516.73 530.58 533.96 2.76 1.74
Gas 0.22 0.51 0.43 1.03 1.97 2.26 2.45 3.99 12.21
Comb. Renew/Wastes 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.03 2.05 2.93 4.50 -1.94 64.54
Electricity 4.86 5.89 7.60 9.11 9.34 9.45 9.47 2.67 1.48
Residential 348.23 368.89 399.98 431.58 449.05 453.27 455.88 0.82 0.88
Coal 79.02 68.26 49.23 16.57 14.41 14.98 15.03 -2.74 -7.61
Oil 146.92 118.47 95.75 92.21 92.56 88.66 86.42 -2.49 -0.68
Gas 43.30 75.60 108.25 155.69 172.32 178.55 180.27 5.54 3.46
Comb. Renew/Wastes 26.32 28.45 40.27 44.24 45.99 45.66 45.90 2.53 0.88
Geothermal 0.42 0.64 1.31 1.90 2.21 2.20 2.38 6.97 4.07
Solar, Wind, Tide - 0.01 0.18 0.64 0.98 1.07 1.16 - 13.15
Electricity 41.18 58.03 78.11 93.29 100.55 102.56 104.70 3.84 1.97
Heat 11.07 19.42 26.88 27.04 20.04 19.58 20.02 5.35 -1.94
Comm & Public Services 137.75 151.65 158.47 173.86 192.30 195.17 199.09 0.83 1.53
Coal 19.20 23.11 17.87 2.00 2.32 2.83 2.09 -0.42 -13.33
Oil 83.44 73.25 40.26 30.96 34.77 32.25 31.72 -4.20 -1.58
Gas 7.89 15.16 38.23 50.29 57.32 59.97 61.96 9.73 3.27
Comb. Renew/Waste 1.16 1.50 0.43 1.68 2.00 2.22 2.32 -5.68 11.92
Geothermal 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.09 0.11 0.11 0.11 4.09 8.05
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.02 0.07 0.10 0.11 0.11 - 11.91
Electricity 24.88 35.58 56.66 80.30 87.56 89.81 92.68 4.96 3.34
Heat 1.17 3.03 4.97 8.47 8.13 7.88 8.10 8.90 3.31
Non-Energy Use 116.14 123.25 142.91 158.15 159.42 162.10 164.74 1.23 0.95
Coal 4.42 3.08 2.08 1.19 1.59 1.67 1.55 -4.35 -1.92
Oil 104.79 102.58 120.82 137.44 139.51 141.71 143.59 0.84 1.16
Gas 6.92 17.59 20.02 19.52 18.32 18.72 19.60 6.45 -0.14
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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5. COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

Production 579.5 602.6 510.1 305.6 286.6 275.8 270.3 -0.7 -4.0
Imports 97.9 143.2 168.3 196.1 230.4 227.4 236.4 3.2 2.0
Exports -77.4 -75.0 -58.7 -48.1 -47.2 -41.4 -41.5 -1.6 -2.3
Stock Changes 7.8 -13.6 6.4 13.9 0.9 -4.5 0.5 x x
Primary Supply 607.7 657.1 626.0 467.5 470.8 457.2 465.6 0.2 -2.1
Statistical Difference 9.2 0.8 4.0 -1.8 0.1 -3.4 .. x x
Total Transformation -345.4 -423.2 -442.3 -366.4 -380.1 -367.3 .. 1.5 -1.2
Electricity and Heat Gen. -283.4 -368.0 -395.9 -328.3 -345.9 -334.5 .. 2.0 -1.1
Main activity producers (1) -258.2 -306.6 -340.5 -307.9 -325.8 -316.3 .. 1.6 -0.5
Autoproducers -25.2 -61.5 -55.5 -20.4 -20.1 -18.2 .. 4.8 -7.2
Gas Works -8.9 -6.6 -3.0 -0.6 -0.7 -0.7 .. -6.2 -9.3
(2)
Coal Transformation -53.2 -48.6 -43.4 -37.5 -33.5 -32.0 .. -1.2 -2.0
BKB plants 2.4 1.6 -1.1 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3 .. - -9.2
Blast Furnaces -38.4 -37.4 -32.4 -29.9 -28.1 -27.6 .. -1.0 -1.1
Coke Ovens -18.0 -13.5 -10.1 -7.4 -5.2 -4.3 .. -3.3 -5.6
Patent Fuel plants 0.8 0.7 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 .. -7.7 -7.4
Other transformation(3) - - - 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. - -
Own use -21.1 -18.3 -13.0 -10.0 -9.3 -9.4 .. -2.8 -2.1
Distribution Losses -3.3 -1.5 -0.8 -1.1 -1.3 -1.4 .. x x
(4)
Final Consumption 247.0 215.0 173.8 88.2 80.3 75.7 .. -2.0 -5.4
(5)
Industry sector 127.3 111.3 100.3 66.5 59.3 55.5 .. -1.4 -3.9
Iron and Steel 52.3 42.9 39.8 27.6 26.6 24.5 .. -1.6 -3.2
Chemical 14.1 12.8 11.3 4.4 4.5 4.4 .. -1.3 -6.1
Non-metallic minerals 13.5 16.0 17.7 11.4 8.7 8.1 .. 1.6 -5.1
Paper, pulp and print 4.1 3.4 3.8 2.2 1.9 1.9 .. -0.5 -4.5
Transport sector(6) 9.8 3.6 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. -18.6 -19.1
(7)
Other Sectors 105.4 97.0 71.1 20.5 19.3 18.6 .. -2.3 -8.5
Comm. and pub. services 19.2 23.1 17.9 2.0 2.8 2.1 .. -0.4 -13.3
Residential 79.0 68.3 49.2 16.6 15.0 15.0 .. -2.7 -7.6
Non-energy Use 4.4 3.1 2.1 1.2 1.7 1.6 .. -4.4 -1.9
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by
* the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

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6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES*

(million tonnes) Average annual
percent change
1978 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 78-90 90-05
Steam Coal 386.63 418.98 377.67 278.27 294.91 295.41 286.59 -0.20 -1.82
Total Electricity and Heat 252.42 283.00 279.83 224.07 241.68 240.93 232.71 0.86 -1.22
Main activity producers 203.10 232.57 242.08 214.20 231.05 230.16 223.63 1.47 -0.53
Autoproducers 49.33 50.42 37.75 9.87 10.63 10.77 9.08 -2.20 -9.06
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants 6.56 5.99 2.02 0.84 0.60 0.53 0.45 -9.36 -9.50
Coke Ovens 27.58 27.51 18.30 - - - - -3.36 -
Blast Furnaces Inputs 0.01 0.01 3.58 7.29 7.18 7.12 7.48 72.95 5.03
Gas manufacture 2.80 2.43 0.57 - - - - -12.40 -
Industry sector 39.59 42.77 40.25 32.11 27.33 29.75 28.70 0.14 -2.23
Iron and Steel 4.40 4.38 4.25 4.10 3.04 4.56 4.51 -0.29 0.39
Chemical 3.13 4.09 5.66 3.11 2.90 2.94 2.93 5.06 -4.30
Non-metallic minerals 13.41 14.81 16.53 9.97 7.07 7.19 6.76 1.76 -5.78
Paper, Pulp and Print 0.84 0.91 2.18 1.79 1.57 1.61 1.57 8.26 -2.16
Other industry 17.80 18.58 11.63 13.14 12.76 13.46 12.94 -3.48 0.71
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 47.57 48.76 28.26 13.41 12.07 12.52 12.68 -4.25 -5.20
Non-energy use 0.08 0.09 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.16 0.12 -3.32 5.85
Coking Coal 119.30 129.48 111.33 92.83 84.42 86.44 81.71 -0.57 -2.04
Total Electricity and Heat 7.14 10.83 18.23 13.37 14.07 13.99 12.70 8.12 -2.38
Main activity producers 6.19 9.59 14.32 10.17 11.70 11.41 10.73 7.23 -1.90
Autoproducers 0.95 1.25 3.91 3.20 2.38 2.58 1.97 12.52 -4.48
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens 110.11 116.09 89.71 73.01 66.97 67.96 64.76 -1.69 -2.15
Blast Furnaces Inputs - 0.29 1.45 1.85 2.53 2.61 2.83 - 4.55
Gas manufacture 1.30 1.10 0.10 - - - - -19.50 -
Industry sector 0.14 0.23 1.98 2.59 0.92 0.56 0.79 24.49 -5.95
Iron and Steel 0.01 0.01 1.63 0.18 0.18 0.26 0.21 57.52 -12.90
Chemical 0.00 0.00 - 0.00 - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.01 13.00 0.50
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry 0.13 0.21 0.34 2.39 0.72 0.28 0.57 8.07 3.61
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 0.27 0.32 0.14 0.10 0.21 0.12 0.13 -5.56 -0.60
Non-energy use - - - 0.23 0.18 0.19 0.22 - -
Brown Coal/Lignite 591.89 609.46 660.11 442.36 437.11 436.06 441.24 0.91 -2.65
Total Electricity and Heat 359.55 373.47 462.88 405.07 402.14 400.38 409.37 2.13 -0.82
Main activity producers 343.49 353.79 436.44 398.85 395.93 394.41 403.35 2.02 -0.52
Autoproducers 16.06 19.69 26.44 6.22 6.21 5.98 6.02 4.24 -9.39
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants 134.34 139.29 109.29 12.18 11.72 12.31 12.44 -1.70 -13.49
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture 6.40 6.34 2.83 1.35 1.54 1.51 1.49 -6.57 -4.20
Industry sector 48.24 46.99 40.44 13.91 12.81 11.29 8.78 -1.46 -9.68
Iron and Steel 1.12 1.44 1.40 0.22 0.47 0.09 0.09 1.91 -16.72
Chemical 14.37 15.53 10.72 3.13 2.74 2.97 2.99 -2.41 -8.17
Non-metallic minerals 1.65 1.67 1.64 0.64 0.44 0.29 0.29 -0.03 -10.90
Paper, Pulp and Print 4.04 4.15 1.96 0.47 0.48 0.30 0.43 -5.84 -9.70
Other industry 27.07 24.21 24.71 9.46 8.68 7.63 4.99 -0.76 -10.12
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 28.55 36.62 39.45 7.87 7.47 9.03 7.70 2.73 -10.32
Non-energy use 0.83 0.82 0.58 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.04 -2.94 -16.06
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

(US Dollars / tce)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Heavy Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
For Industry
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
High Suplhur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

(US Dollars / unit)(2)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Heavy Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
For Industry
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
High Suplhur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL*

(Mtce)

1973 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Imports 97.87 143.18 168.26 196.14 201.75 215.04 230.42 227.35 236.35
Hard Coal 70.11 117.95 150.73 179.67 186.35 199.02 215.82 213.74 223.28
Coking Coal .. 48.55 56.37 56.68 49.22 48.05 53.18 53.86 55.67
Steam Coal .. 69.40 94.36 122.99 137.13 150.97 162.64 159.88 167.60
Brown Coal / Lignite 5.30 5.74 5.20 1.96 1.16 0.86 0.81 1.08 1.22
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 22.46 19.49 12.33 14.51 14.23 15.17 13.78 12.54 11.86

Total Exports 77.44 75.01 58.73 48.08 47.55 44.42 47.18 41.44 41.48
Hard Coal 52.78 51.43 40.32 38.09 38.09 34.58 36.38 31.83 28.78
Coking Coal .. 13.64 8.22 9.76 7.53 6.63 6.71 6.46 7.90
Steam Coal .. 37.78 32.10 28.33 30.56 27.94 29.67 25.37 20.88
Brown Coal / Lignite 1.43 4.55 4.28 1.30 0.99 0.57 0.54 0.65 0.82
Peat - 0.00 0.12 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.04
Coal Products(1) 23.23 19.03 14.00 8.63 8.42 9.23 10.22 8.91 11.83
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

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9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Hard Coal 92461 e 126676 e 159823 e 196091 205232 219179 237210 235836 246698

Coking Coal 39034 48204 54985 56071 48850 47392 52255 52874 54640
Australia 4497 4326 10043 e 21758 20905 19478 20587 20361 21459
Canada 294 224 2812 e 7072 6761 5952 6067 6735 6927
Czech Republic 909 1072 774 3388 e 3419 e 4059 3656 3366 4541
Germany 10550 8326 3141 2 8 - 108 289 2
Poland 6190 4668 2570 3125 e 2599 e 2755 2955 3250 4076
United Kingdom 79 66 65 - - - - 6 -
United States 8745 21591 28433 e 16900 10186 10706 12490 13818 12633
Other OECD 105 182 80 31 331 97 100 188 61

China, People's Rep. - - 1 2 588 162 1976 279 291

Colombia - - 24 140 86 355 275 183 206
Indonesia - - 46 441 - 121 - - -
South Africa 206 544 158 388 451 387 433 295 55
Former USSR(2) 3005 e 2992 e - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - 2419 e 2327 e 2118 e 1670 1918 2658 3326
Other Former USSR (3) - - - 26 164 512 543 548 336
Venezuela - - - 418 1117 1109 969 872 596
Vietnam - - - 53 - - - - 20
Non-Specified/Other 4454 4213 4419 - 117 29 178 26 111

Steam Coal 53427 e 78472 e 104838 e 140020 156382 171787 184955 182962 192058
Australia 2955 4875 9790 e 9416 9751 12162 10442 7594 6881
Canada 816 695 832 e 12 329 207 286 807 245
Czech Republic 243 255 327 e 2393 e 2385 e 1814 1801 1004 968
Germany 6716 4145 2124 e 437 564 315 551 573 513
Poland 15647 e 16971 e 13084 e 18591 e 18116 e 16075 16241 15482 14612
United Kingdom 2285 4184 2423 e 593 323 365 303 297 166
United States 499 14231 20504 e 4724 4499 2529 3749 2364 4069
Other OECD 980 1406 3548 e 3665 2752 3576 2464 2692 2724

China, People's Rep. 21 417 2783 e 1887 2168 3635 3112 1898 354
Colombia - - 9060 e 22306 21401 24479 25621 26522 23940
Indonesia - - 194 8230 11022 12423 13559 14248 19641
South Africa 10814 20027 26099 42810 54459 58920 55859 52971 54745
Former USSR(2) 2863 2405 - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - 6115 15298 e 22730 e 28462 41292 48662 54607
Other Former USSR (3) - - - 896 e 2636 e 1658 2215 3035 3092
Venezuela - - 1475 e 3081 2217 3760 1397 1142 948
Vietnam - - - 561 245 343 321 213 416
Non-Specified/Other 9588 8861 6480 e 5120 785 1064 5742 3459 4137
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Exports 19495 e 14068 8555 9747 7640 6767 6757 6647 8174
Exports to:
Total OECD 23602 e 18081 e 12136 e 9676 8262 8558 9025 8065 7003
Australia .. .. .. - - - - - -
Austria 813 e 664 e 785 e 1844 1798 1856 1713 1514 1517
Belgium 1991 e 820 e 753 1 83 43 169 5 -
Canada .. .. .. - - - - - -
Czech Republic .. .. .. 214 468 411 462 523 915
Denmark .. 2 e .. - 5 - 20 - -
Finland .. 27 .. 717 404 403 354 13 -
France 5020 4201 1443 108 242 181 253 30 79
Germany 154 206 28 e 1061 588 367 266 396 181
Greece .. .. .. - - - - - -
Hungary .. .. .. 1010 488 541 385 449 603
Iceland .. .. .. - - - - - -
Ireland .. .. 1 4 3 2 5 1 1
Italy 2480 2527 859 - 65 - - 295 94
Japan 375 .. .. - - - - - -
Korea .. .. .. - - - - - -
Luxembourg 286 1 .. - 2 - - - -
Mexico .. .. .. - - - - - -
Netherlands 1050 e 797 e 475 e 323 1 - 4 48 30
New Zealand .. .. .. - - - - - -
Norway .. .. .. 53 116 122 - - -
Poland .. .. .. 538 306 399 572 592 1570
Portugal .. .. 12 - - - - - -
Slovak Republic 5126 e 4345 e 3681 e 1570 1625 2010 2308 1909 899
Spain 457 20 415 65 144 4 118 99 142
Sweden 316 e 123 e .. 494 11 - - - -
Switzerland 18 .. 3 - - - - - -
Turkey 89 .. .. 100 286 209 - 212 73
United Kingdom 198 3 .. 4 2 - 88 - -
United States 103 .. .. - - - - 70 -

Total Non-OECD 1219 330 100 1642 1003 219 39 598 3735
Brazil 15 .. .. 143 253 - - - 70
Chinese Taipei .. .. .. - - - - - -
Egypt .. 115 100 529 629 214 37 355 298
Hong Kong, China .. .. .. - - - - - -
India .. .. .. - - - - - -
Israel .. .. .. - 118 - - - -
Romania .. .. .. 62 - - - - -
Oth. Africa & Mid. East 520 166 .. 2 - - - - -
Other Latin America 5 .. .. 2 - 1 - - -
Other Asia & Oceania .. .. .. - - - - 2 -
Other Eastern Europe 479 49 .. 903 3 4 1 134 1701

Non-Specified/Other - 2 - - - - 2 - 1
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Exports 49632 42115 36502 31722 34390 31010 32971 29217 23901
Exports to:
Total OECD 9396 e 10881 e 7936 e 31989 33875 29909 33025 29396 23552
Australia .. .. 1 - - - - - -
Austria 15 27 14 1643 2163 2079 2708 2182 2149
Belgium 2528 2211 e 1229 684 1171 334 700 867 409
Canada .. .. .. - - 1 1 19 12
Czech Republic .. .. .. 864 733 749 783 719 938
Denmark 1083 e 926 e 415 e 2382 2637 1360 1410 1154 694
Finland 6 157 206 1228 1506 1686 1272 963 762
France 2594 2672 1026 2413 2169 2859 2606 3116 2035
Germany 1130 e 2220 e 2359 e 15459 15425 14520 16767 13364 11795
Greece 1 e 1 e .. 2 121 274 69 144 122
Hungary .. .. .. 322 241 278 258 321 321
Iceland .. .. 18 7 12 6 16 45 65
Ireland 209 289 335 468 572 562 650 595 483
Italy 93 32 93 923 545 4 96 245 156
Japan .. .. 61 - - - - - -
Korea .. .. .. - - - - - -
Luxembourg 52 96 3 93 56 52 42 38 31
Mexico .. .. .. - - - - - -
Netherlands 674 e 949 e 298 363 836 125 517 651 622
New Zealand .. .. .. - - - - - -
Norway 167 108 339 e 597 454 399 592 496 359
Poland .. .. 1 117 164 138 56 127 175
Portugal 15 9 186 5 428 284 216 437 144
Slovak Republic 237 e 322 e 198 e 1217 1069 849 868 721 201
Spain 21 13 259 441 145 150 102 58 113
Sweden 70 e 79 e 132 e 172 459 706 334 208 308
Switzerland 82 e 265 e 51 20 96 25 8 8 7
Turkey 74 .. .. - - 40 19 66 -
United Kingdom 108 183 514 e 1351 1768 1580 1999 2084 1386
United States .. .. .. 1 36 - 68 47 64

Total Non-OECD 56 97 688 1032 1423 1861 823 622 1073

Brazil .. 12 10 - - - - - -
Chinese Taipei .. .. .. - - - 1 - -
Egypt .. .. 1 2 - 1 1 4 2
Hong Kong, China .. .. .. 1 - - - - -
India .. .. 1 - 1 1 46 1 1
Israel .. .. .. - - - - 5 1
Romania .. .. .. - 1 - - - 3
Oth. Africa & Mid. East 2 10 357 5 371 370 501 436 -
Other Latin America .. 1 .. 16 2 1 - - -
Other Asia & Oceania .. .. 3 4 1 2 1 4 1
Other Eastern Europe 54 74 316 894 1006 1395 142 90 536

Non-Specified/Other 40417 31459 28076 28 202 180 122 2 6

Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN*

(Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne)

1988 1990 1995 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Coking Coal(1) 56.95 65.01 58.49 53.56 56.63 59.61 78.12 109.61 125.86
Imports from:
Australia 53.10 67.29 57.03 51.24 55.52 58.03 73.63 114.89 135.52
Canada 52.85 64.53 57.02 54.59 56.90 61.31 76.64 113.81 137.66
Czech Republic 182.83 67.03 82.00 .. 53.93 .. 98.50 242.07 112.10
Poland 54.82 63.98 59.26 51.58 50.15 62.24 108.71 138.92 118.82
United States 57.30 63.07 61.20 58.54 61.48 64.18 84.75 110.91 123.44
China .. 63.56 51.72 80.62 80.88 81.65 198.13 219.14 146.38
Colombia 96.23 68.65 59.04 38.69 .. 166.16 84.09 104.26 2611.31
South Africa 39.86 58.81 49.65 42.10 38.69 39.20 61.31 71.77 66.18
Former USSR(2) 50.68 57.44 56.00 58.89 58.11 47.45 86.41 86.05 81.32

Steam Coal(3) 46.49 52.64 47.51 42.96 38.69 41.94 61.91 71.27 69.83
Imports from:
Australia 43.69 52.03 45.06 44.13 43.28 46.83 69.05 106.40 109.71
Canada 50.10 52.72 44.71 46.14 50.77 88.14 87.68 119.03 146.42
Czech Republic 57.22 65.54 63.84 52.99 53.68 64.04 83.24 113.59 102.69
Poland 51.56 61.05 46.78 44.41 40.75 43.26 68.95 78.34 75.65
United States 54.21 54.69 49.12 46.52 43.48 47.37 61.50 86.75 82.08
China 39.56 49.36 45.29 40.90 44.30 51.38 60.61 93.41 150.20
Colombia 39.48 52.60 43.42 42.32 36.99 41.65 61.54 67.98 66.07
South Africa 37.44 45.18 43.76 42.32 36.65 39.10 58.00 67.64 66.24
Former USSR(2) 38.63 44.69 42.55 42.16 36.79 42.22 65.14 68.46 68.03
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.
(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade.
(2) Former USSR until 1991, Russia starting in 1992.
(3) Bituminous steam coal only. Weighted average of individual countries using volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.45

IEA Total*
Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce) Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)
8000 140

7000 120
6000
100
5000
80
4000
60
3000
40
2000
20
1000

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal/TPES
Coal Oil Gas Nuclear Renewables Coal/Population
Coal/GDP

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

1600 1600

1400 1400

1200 1200

1000 1000

800 800

600 600

400 400

200 200

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Production Coal Supply Electricity and Heat Other Transformation
Exports Imports Industry Other Use

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh) Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2)
12000 14000

10000 12000

10000
8000

8000
6000
6000
4000
4000

2000
2000

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal Oil Gas Hydro Nuclear Other Coal Oil Gas Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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III.46 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

IEA Total

1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

TPES (Mtce) 5142.39 5477.45 6111.12 7236.63 7466.51 7508.06 7480.15 1.02 1.38
Coal 1084.08 1220.91 1394.83 1465.11 1522.56 1517.98 1517.75 1.49 0.57
Oil 2775.82 2671.29 2568.05 2929.37 3021.85 3026.67 2974.71 -0.46 1.10
Gas 982.17 1067.17 1147.76 1581.92 1620.45 1641.62 1642.02 0.92 2.41
Comb. Renew/Waste 111.96 143.65 187.22 232.58 250.26 258.41 272.65 3.07 2.17
Nuclear 70.23 230.10 637.29 826.43 853.52 862.77 865.47 13.85 2.04
Hydro 109.49 130.24 139.92 156.29 150.93 150.98 152.65 1.45 0.51
Geothermal 7.98 12.52 30.82 34.84 28.59 28.53 31.80 8.27 -0.51
Solar, Wind, Tide 0.07 0.10 2.67 8.16 14.13 16.34 19.09 24.04 12.83
Net Electricity trade(1) 0.60 1.48 2.54 1.39 3.59 4.06 3.33 8.83 3.18
Heat(2) - - 0.03 0.54 0.64 0.71 0.68 - 24.14
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries.
(2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

GDP (2000 bil. US$) 11804 14204 19345 24879 26827 27524 28331 2.95 2.38
TPES/GDP(1) 0.44 0.39 0.32 0.29 0.28 0.27 0.26 -1.87 -0.97
Population (millions) 810.6 858.1 918.7 987.7 1016.3 1022.4 1028.1 0.74 0.72
TPES/population(1) 6.34 6.38 6.65 7.33 7.35 7.34 7.28 0.28 0.66
TPES/GDP(2) 149.8 132.6 108.6 100.0 95.7 93.8 90.8 -1.87 -0.97
Coal Supply/GDP(2) 156.0 146.0 122.4 100.0 96.4 93.7 91.0 -1.41 -1.77
Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 97.0 100.9 99.5 100.0 98.6 98.4 .. 0.15 -0.08
Elec. Generation (TWh) 4318 5433 7281 9206 9708 9962 9973 3.12 2.11
Industrial Production(2) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators
(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita.
(2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Average annual
percent change
1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 78-90 90-05

Mtce:
Coking Coal 249.43 273.30 248.74 209.74 206.59 218.00 216.05 -0.02 -0.88
Steam Coal 614.20 713.85 868.82 870.19 904.80 915.64 932.31 2.93 0.35
Brown Coal 199.63 217.92 245.77 189.59 189.75 188.10 188.42 1.75 -1.77
Peat 2.30 2.67 5.06 3.48 3.12 4.67 5.73 6.79 -0.54

Mt:
Coking Coal 255.15 278.18 251.16 216.52 215.02 228.06 225.79 -0.13 -0.64
Steam Coal 737.38 861.53 1049.84 1063.39 1136.29 1150.46 1177.57 2.99 0.61
Brown Coal 619.35 656.77 734.22 550.99 549.32 556.64 557.18 1.43 -1.83
Peat 8.05 9.34 14.93 10.59 9.44 13.84 16.85 5.28 -0.50
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
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 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.47

IEA Total

4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL*

(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 73-90 90-05
(1)
TFC 3893.94 4003.24 4245.66 5017.28 5124.89 5216.43 5241.35 0.51 1.41
Coal 360.69 302.53 294.36 169.16 163.22 169.69 160.46 -1.19 -3.96
Oil 2248.55 2197.31 2239.46 2619.34 2673.92 2725.80 2720.92 -0.02 1.31
Gas 716.31 780.52 805.09 1022.60 1030.86 1029.39 1017.23 0.69 1.57
Comb. Renew/Wastes 108.26 136.13 113.32 168.74 161.21 167.90 174.75 0.27 2.93
Geothermal 0.07 0.10 2.18 3.19 3.82 3.86 4.19 22.27 4.45
Solar, Wind, Tide - 0.04 2.04 4.35 4.19 4.19 4.24 - 4.98
Electricity 448.84 562.11 754.89 975.64 1015.37 1037.44 1062.01 3.11 2.30
Heat 11.22 24.51 34.33 54.26 72.29 78.17 97.56 6.80 7.21
of which:
Total Industry 1297.31 1260.00 1093.12 1207.31 1158.12 1177.31 1161.47 -1.00 0.41
Coal 236.91 207.46 210.34 149.83 145.65 150.11 142.92 -0.70 -2.54
Oil 434.35 386.49 228.25 193.14 188.12 193.74 193.35 -3.71 -1.10
Gas 347.31 339.27 299.35 380.09 359.31 358.40 344.68 -0.87 0.94
Comb. Renew/Wastes 57.63 67.21 46.98 94.62 82.30 86.64 89.28 -1.20 4.37
Geothermal - - 0.31 0.36 0.34 0.34 0.37 - 1.05
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.01 0.14 0.17 0.18 0.18 - 20.00
Electricity 217.47 253.39 300.57 372.16 351.94 358.03 360.19 1.92 1.21
Heat 3.64 6.18 7.31 16.98 30.28 29.87 30.51 4.19 9.99
Total Transport 994.79 1107.56 1356.00 1673.15 1721.05 1751.36 1765.32 1.84 1.77
Coal 5.08 1.07 0.15 0.14 0.10 0.11 0.14 -18.59 -0.44
Oil 958.42 1074.68 1319.04 1624.98 1670.32 1698.42 1707.02 1.90 1.73
Gas 24.28 23.92 26.68 29.86 27.64 26.63 28.60 0.56 0.46
Comb. Renew/Wastes 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.78 10.13 13.07 16.30 -1.94 x
Electricity 7.01 7.88 10.11 12.39 12.86 13.14 13.26 2.18 1.82
Residential 751.39 747.17 796.89 929.71 961.86 958.84 976.31 0.35 1.36
Coal 82.19 65.66 53.82 13.22 9.19 9.54 9.28 -2.46 -11.06
Oil 282.28 209.38 163.12 171.76 168.09 161.89 157.93 -3.17 -0.22
Gas 218.27 252.68 279.18 360.45 385.52 382.12 383.42 1.46 2.14
Comb. Renew/Wastes 31.09 33.05 44.72 61.48 62.11 61.33 62.07 2.16 2.21
Geothermal 0.07 0.10 0.76 1.65 2.11 2.16 2.41 14.91 8.02
Solar, Wind, Tide - 0.04 1.91 3.99 3.84 3.82 3.86 - 4.79
Electricity 130.95 174.38 235.38 296.33 317.24 324.22 342.83 3.51 2.54
Heat 6.53 11.89 18.01 20.83 13.76 13.76 14.52 6.15 -1.43
Comm & Public Services 398.30 403.26 487.61 600.24 637.33 644.05 647.20 1.20 1.91
Coal 18.34 15.65 16.51 3.34 5.15 6.38 4.97 -0.62 -7.69
Oil 186.94 150.51 119.32 112.76 118.86 113.42 109.39 -2.61 -0.58
Gas 103.37 112.74 142.21 184.15 194.44 197.18 200.30 1.89 2.31
Comb. Renew/Waste 1.07 1.47 0.47 3.38 5.10 5.41 5.36 -4.67 17.55
Geothermal - - 0.07 0.61 0.79 0.78 0.84 - 18.09
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.09 0.10 0.14 0.14 0.15 - 3.41
Electricity 88.27 121.07 202.12 285.97 303.61 312.24 317.26 4.99 3.05
Heat 0.32 1.82 6.82 9.92 9.25 8.50 8.93 19.71 1.82
Non-Energy Use 307.47 320.86 388.10 501.79 511.98 538.22 531.56 1.38 2.12
Coal 3.39 2.62 2.81 1.98 2.38 2.45 2.30 -1.09 -1.34
Oil 298.67 299.13 341.52 448.40 462.98 488.40 483.99 0.79 2.35
Gas 5.41 19.11 43.77 51.41 46.62 47.37 45.27 13.09 0.23
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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III.48 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

IEA Total

5. COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

Production 1020.5 1207.7 1368.4 1273.0 1304.3 1326.4 1342.5 1.7 -0.2
Imports 163.4 225.0 303.5 416.7 508.0 494.3 512.6 3.7 3.3
Exports -120.1 -185.4 -255.6 -281.3 -295.3 -308.3 -307.2 4.5 1.3
Stock Changes 20.3 -26.4 -21.4 56.7 5.6 5.6 -30.1 x x
Primary Supply 1084.1 1220.9 1394.8 1465.1 1522.6 1518.0 1517.7 1.5 0.6
Statistical Difference 27.8 -9.6 10.2 6.4 -24.5 -16.5 .. x x
Total Transformation -717.0 -884.0 -1091.5 -1285.3 -1312.9 -1325.9 .. 2.5 1.3
Electricity and Heat Gen. -583.2 -768.7 -989.9 -1189.0 -1227.1 -1241.3 .. 3.2 1.5
Main activity producers (1) -578.2 -729.0 -938.3 -1138.5 -1181.0 -1198.9 .. 2.9 1.6
Autoproducers -5.0 -39.7 -51.6 -50.5 -46.1 -42.5 .. 14.7 -1.3
Gas Works -9.9 -6.9 -6.0 -3.6 -3.3 -3.5 .. -2.9 -3.6
(2)
Coal Transformation -123.9 -108.4 -95.6 -92.7 -82.6 -81.1 .. -1.5 -1.1
BKB plants 2.2 1.4 -1.1 -0.3 -0.3 -0.4 .. - -6.6
Blast Furnaces -89.5 -74.4 -71.5 -74.7 -72.2 -70.5 .. -1.3 -0.1
Coke Ovens -35.8 -35.3 -18.4 -17.6 -15.7 -17.0 .. -3.8 -0.5
Patent Fuel plants -0.8 -0.0 -4.6 -0.0 5.7 6.8 .. 10.8 -
Other transformation(3) - - - 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. - -
Own use -30.9 -23.3 -18.3 -16.0 -14.3 -13.8 .. -3.0 -1.9
Distribution Losses -3.2 -1.4 -0.8 -1.0 -1.1 -1.3 .. x x
(4)
Final Consumption 360.7 302.5 294.4 169.2 169.7 160.5 .. -1.2 -4.0
(5)
Industry sector 236.9 207.5 210.3 149.8 150.1 142.9 .. -0.7 -2.5
Iron and Steel 127.2 99.4 81.1 55.9 55.8 50.7 .. -2.6 -3.1
Chemical 25.7 23.7 27.3 16.2 15.2 15.8 .. 0.4 -3.6
Non-metallic minerals 15.1 27.1 38.0 33.4 31.0 28.9 .. 5.6 -1.8
Paper, pulp and print 11.5 10.9 15.8 7.5 10.3 10.4 .. 1.9 -2.8
Transport sector(6) 5.1 1.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 .. -18.6 -0.4
(7)
Other Sectors 115.3 91.4 81.1 17.2 17.0 15.1 .. -2.1 -10.6
Comm. and pub. services 18.3 15.7 16.5 3.3 6.4 5.0 .. -0.6 -7.7
Residential 82.2 65.7 53.8 13.2 9.5 9.3 .. -2.5 -11.1
Non-energy Use 3.4 2.6 2.8 2.0 2.4 2.3 .. -1.1 -1.3
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by
* the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

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 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.49

IEA Total

6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES*

(million tonnes) Average annual
percent change
1978 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 78-90 90-05
Steam Coal 781.96 882.97 1098.69 1287.11 1338.09 1392.16 1410.52 2.87 1.68
Total Electricity and Heat 614.41 715.28 926.73 1174.99 1132.80 1147.09 1161.38 3.48 1.52
Main activity producers 591.85 691.81 900.36 1145.14 1107.74 1120.56 1137.54 3.56 1.57
Autoproducers 22.55 23.47 26.37 29.85 25.06 26.53 23.84 1.31 -0.67
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants 23.56 24.78 22.75 2.06 103.96 109.46 122.37 -0.29 11.87
Coke Ovens 2.40 2.25 5.97 11.46 12.14 11.43 11.65 7.88 4.56
Blast Furnaces Inputs 0.01 0.01 4.39 10.46 9.81 9.64 9.53 75.90 5.30
Gas manufacture 0.33 0.26 0.03 - - - - -19.41 -
Industry sector 82.41 90.97 111.23 90.25 87.01 89.66 88.35 2.53 -1.52
Iron and Steel 9.49 7.73 7.50 6.90 7.35 9.03 8.39 -1.94 0.75
Chemical 13.46 16.54 22.22 15.37 13.87 12.84 14.04 4.27 -3.01
Non-metallic minerals 22.11 28.73 38.48 34.03 31.28 31.15 29.40 4.72 -1.78
Paper, Pulp and Print 8.94 9.52 15.70 7.75 10.17 10.23 10.62 4.81 -2.57
Other industry 28.42 28.45 27.34 26.20 24.34 26.41 25.89 -0.32 -0.36
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 32.42 27.98 20.56 10.05 8.24 9.61 7.96 -3.72 -6.13
Non-energy use 0.04 0.07 0.32 0.35 0.32 0.38 0.33 18.58 0.27
Coking Coal 260.73 277.17 231.29 188.61 178.04 182.94 175.58 -0.99 -1.82
Total Electricity and Heat 7.14 10.83 18.23 13.32 14.02 13.91 12.62 8.12 -2.42
Main activity producers 6.19 9.59 14.32 10.17 11.70 11.41 10.73 7.23 -1.90
Autoproducers 0.95 1.25 3.91 3.15 2.32 2.50 1.88 12.52 -4.75
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - 2.42 2.60 2.90 - -
Coke Ovens 244.05 258.50 206.08 160.97 147.32 148.78 147.20 -1.40 -2.22
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - 4.51 10.37 13.02 12.78 13.56 - 7.62
Gas manufacture 5.74 5.40 0.10 - - - - -28.89 -
Industry sector 0.23 0.24 2.09 2.52 0.95 0.58 0.77 20.09 -6.47
Iron and Steel 0.07 0.01 1.59 0.14 0.23 0.30 0.20 29.75 -13.07
Chemical 0.01 0.01 - 0.00 - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals 0.00 0.01 - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry 0.15 0.21 0.49 2.38 0.72 0.28 0.57 10.50 0.96
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 0.28 0.33 0.16 0.10 0.21 0.12 0.13 -4.53 -1.58
Non-energy use - - - 0.23 0.18 0.19 0.22 - -
Brown Coal/Lignite 615.40 649.29 735.71 560.94 566.23 557.25 568.90 1.50 -1.70
Total Electricity and Heat 387.07 416.35 538.35 519.37 521.80 516.20 528.44 2.79 -0.12
Main activity producers 370.48 396.67 510.51 510.96 513.60 508.13 520.39 2.71 0.13
Autoproducers 16.59 19.69 27.84 8.41 8.19 8.07 8.05 4.41 -7.94
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants 136.93 142.35 110.84 13.09 12.50 12.77 13.33 -1.75 -13.17
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture 6.39 6.31 8.44 7.02 7.07 6.38 6.88 2.34 -1.35
Industry sector 47.24 47.10 39.60 15.04 13.20 11.64 9.28 -1.46 -9.22
Iron and Steel 1.12 1.17 1.21 0.21 0.47 0.09 0.09 0.70 -15.99
Chemical 14.39 14.84 10.36 3.07 2.99 3.17 3.18 -2.70 -7.57
Non-metallic minerals 1.64 1.53 1.54 0.63 0.44 0.30 0.30 -0.51 -10.35
Paper, Pulp and Print 4.51 4.19 1.65 0.40 0.35 0.21 0.37 -8.01 -9.58
Other industry 25.59 25.36 24.83 10.73 8.96 7.87 5.34 -0.25 -9.73
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 28.94 30.46 33.64 7.39 7.15 8.38 7.34 1.26 -9.65
Non-energy use 0.83 0.82 0.67 0.16 0.18 0.19 0.21 -1.79 -7.57
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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III.50 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

IEA Total

7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

(US Dollars / tce)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Heavy Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
For Industry
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
High Suplhur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

(US Dollars / unit)(2)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Heavy Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
For Industry
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
High Suplhur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL*

(Mtce)

1973 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Imports 163.38 224.98 303.46 416.67 445.86 470.79 508.01 494.26 512.56
Hard Coal 138.51 203.45 288.03 391.51 420.48 444.90 480.38 469.96 488.43
Coking Coal .. 121.67 137.47 132.22 127.97 124.62 134.37 130.26 146.55
Steam Coal .. 81.79 150.56 259.29 292.51 320.28 346.01 339.70 341.88
Brown Coal / Lignite 2.40 1.52 2.24 4.45 5.91 6.08 4.48 5.98 6.65
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 22.47 20.01 13.19 20.71 19.47 19.80 23.16 18.32 17.47

Total Exports 120.12 185.37 255.58 281.26 272.86 277.44 295.31 308.32 307.22
Hard Coal 97.46 159.95 237.69 270.89 263.24 269.05 282.57 295.96 294.98
Coking Coal .. 120.16 149.17 157.39 148.67 151.93 156.99 173.84 168.23
Steam Coal .. 39.79 88.52 113.49 114.58 117.12 125.59 122.12 126.75
Brown Coal / Lignite 0.06 4.10 4.13 1.33 1.10 0.67 0.69 0.83 1.05
Peat - 0.00 0.12 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.04
Coal Products(1) 22.61 21.32 13.63 8.98 8.47 7.68 12.01 11.48 11.14
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

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 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.51

IEA Total

9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Hard Coal 157236 e 210943 e 300604 e 430006 e 461748 e 487848 e 527503 e 519784 e 539409

Coking Coal 95193 118477 132560 e 134697 e 130653 e 127039 e 136849 e 132489 e 149237
Australia 29796 32520 49608 e 67156 e 68030 66120 68627 65826 78554
Canada 11598 11811 16128 e 17972 e 15175 13501 14048 15014 19540
Czech Republic 909 1072 774 1987 1744 1692 1414 1222 1412
Germany 10948 8326 3141 2 8 - 90 272 2
Poland 6619 5055 2570 2449 2345 2365 1982 2664 3273
United Kingdom 79 66 52 - - 36 5 6 -
United States 24605 48276 43199 e 24037 e 14619 e 13991 e 18037 e 19031 e 16920
Other OECD 116 252 305 390 632 456 407 460 1043

China, People's Rep. 420 979 2803 9557 e 14806 13777 14634 10094 7641
Colombia - - 177 140 120 e 374 e 287 192 e 241
Indonesia - - 714 6327 e 7274 7716 9194 9842 11757
South Africa 2566 3347 3213 e 991 612 432 456 320 55
Former USSR(2) 5249 e 4890 e - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - 8569 e 3063 e 3849 4903 5895 6150 7553
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - 160 511 612 451 329
Venezuela - - - 454 1117 1109 969 872 596
Vietnam - - - 80 - - - - 20
Non-Specified/Other 2288 1883 1307 92 e 162 56 192 73 301

Steam Coal 62043 e 92466 e 168044 e 295309 e 331095 e 360809 e 390654 e 387295 e 390172
Australia 4556 9137 34664 e 76723 e 81360 e 86998 e 94893 94251 84780
Canada 970 1099 9885 e 10111 e 7665 7063 5158 6024 3020
Czech Republic 243 255 327 e 1368 1533 1486 1519 953 583
Germany 6716 4145 2124 e 425 581 e 327 e 542 530 510
Poland 16292 e 17246 e 13084 e 18305 17937 16008 e 16062 15324 14293
United Kingdom 2285 4184 2428 e 589 406 e 420 e 352 298 167
United States 9296 24092 35842 e 17355 e 12678 e 10430 e 14736 e 9923 e 10649
Other OECD 980 1406 3686 e 4287 e 3283 4350 e 3265 3280 2720

China, People's Rep. 534 1503 6287 e 34740 e 49073 e 52214 e 42642 34711 e 30811
Colombia - - 10450 e 29220 30798 e 38765 e 41617 e 47020 e 47127
Indonesia - 9 1000 e 23066 e 31839 36060 47192 e 52464 e 64633
South Africa 11967 21112 33156 e 46312 e 54678 59057 55933 53091 54860
Former USSR(2) 3012 2638 - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - 9517 20229 e 27896 e 32834 e 49253 e 54957 e 61052
Other Former USSR (3) - - - 386 1743 e 1109 e 1710 e 2760 e 2766
Venezuela - - 1752 e 4985 5777 e 8886 e 6155 e 5169 e 5200
Vietnam - - 150 1573 e 2519 3171 e 3558 2698 2728
Non-Specified/Other 5192 5640 3692 e 5635 1329 e 1631 e 6067 3843 4273
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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III.52 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

IEA Total

10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Exports 91030 e 119031 151437 163997 154387 e 157816 e 165557 e 183452 e 177409
Exports to:
Total OECD 88788 e 112261 e 123887 e 125313 111078 e 111098 e 116822 e 129999 e 121168
Australia - - - 122 - - - - -
Austria 813 e 664 e 785 e 1245 1233 1233 1084 1233 940
Belgium 3468 e 3835 e 7345 4583 3212 e 2582 e 2689 e 3414 e 3590
Canada 5410 5694 4018 3501 4277 3263 3431 4034 4134
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Denmark - 143 e 50 - - - - - -
Finland - 47 127 288 706 e 811 e 736 e 1168 e 1172
France 7661 9186 8301 6598 5972 e 5940 e 5500 e 5535 e 4990
Germany 714 1916 761 e 4760 3500 e 3323 e 3814 e 4224 e 4467
Greece 191 412 - - 17 - 553 e - -
Hungary - - - 809 489 431 304 230 520
Iceland - 6 28 48 87 83 82 57 19
Ireland - 198 1 4 3 2 5 15 1
Italy 6868 9285 8576 7451 4892 e 5123 e 4607 e 6199 e 6412
Japan 42951 56274 55617 52886 50423 e 49741 e 50154 e 54450 e 52960
Korea 2503 4260 7961 15305 10168 e 10710 e 13986 e 17954 e 12277
Luxembourg 286 1 - - 2 - - - -
Mexico 10 28 3 1406 1386 e 1821 e 1704 e 1582 e 2125
Netherlands 2971 e 3516 e 5175 e 4422 6152 e 5980 e 7461 e 8007 e 9306
New Zealand - - - - - - - - -
Norway 68 252 99 42 16 19 32 18 -
Poland - - - 538 306 399 572 592 1570
Portugal 265 305 765 198 - - 88 - -
Slovak Republic 5126 e 4345 e 3681 e 901 1371 1647 1311 1287 54
Spain 1888 2889 4265 4609 3897 e 4367 e 4102 e 4499 e 3536
Sweden 769 e 1196 e 1568 1634 1386 1341 1777 1690 1596
Switzerland 18 99 3 46 - - 22 - -
Turkey 498 796 2869 3854 2526 e 2932 e 3139 e 3387 e 3284
United Kingdom 1027 2569 7436 8622 6022 e 6291 e 6449 e 7366 e 6609
United States 157 - 772 540 1664 e 1412 e 1909 e 1771 e 1552

Total Non-OECD 7748 11927 27055 36150 33711 e 39281 e 44011 e 51295 e 51409
Brazil 2121 3490 7618 10552 8082 e 9602 e 8779 e 8376 e 9218
Chinese Taipei 1186 1196 3155 7713 5087 e 4901 e 6749 e 8365 e 8937
Egypt 218 1021 1009 682 936 e 1551 e 1120 e 1059 e 1094
Hong Kong, China - - - - 12 - - - -
India 232 490 4895 10795 12554 e 14126 14395 e 18520 17351
Israel - - 50 56 - 161 - 129 194
Romania 1348 1120 3815 443 151 260 e 311 593 146
Oth. Africa & Mid. East 521 808 1068 1823 3048 e 3028 e 2735 3184 2693
Other Latin America 951 1663 1372 1867 1563 e 2003 e 2050 e 2381 e 2455
Other Asia & Oceania 69 168 1823 1316 1668 e 2652 e 6447 e 6363 e 3958
Other Eastern Europe 722 1067 1228 903 610 997 1197 e 1640 e 3131

Non-Specified/Other - 92 5198 3435 10969 e 9084 e 6263 4130 7118

Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.53

IEA Total

11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Exports 25867 47078 96200 128228 132158 e 134694 e 143917 e 139971 e 144355
Exports to:
Total OECD 24546 e 43055 e 80590 e 106295 109068 e 112068 e 121184 e 114480 e 117878
Australia - - 2 - 16 e 22 e - - -
Austria 15 27 14 430 517 602 1196 995 864
Belgium 2555 3697 e 3536 1134 1755 851 802 646 481
Canada 8782 10136 10083 13524 10859 15570 12681 13644 13921
Czech Republic - - - 1 - 1 e 2 2 4
Denmark 1542 e 2838 e 4885 e 380 834 e 1190 e 1191 383 804
Finland 6 390 206 53 280 195 7 310 609
France 3314 6181 3657 2034 1782 e 1882 e 2613 2419 e 2279
Germany 2116 e 4094 e 2868 e 9657 8906 8148 10188 6706 6108
Greece 1 e 5 e - 111 122 e 276 e 69 144 122
Hungary - - - 43 51 21 - 81 106
Iceland - - 33 7 12 - 7 36 46
Ireland 209 448 1790 1012 1726 1270 1361 877 248
Italy 115 956 4544 447 957 831 632 164 1
Japan 1732 5007 30430 51786 52278 e 52905 e 60417 e 58241 e 60706
Korea 356 563 4243 13730 15887 e 14765 e 16886 18696 e 21156
Luxembourg 52 96 3 93 56 52 42 38 31
Mexico - - 188 373 1644 3363 2957 e 4579 4918
Netherlands 1021 e 3136 e 8516 3348 3145 e 2506 e 2507 1983 1498
New Zealand - - 1 16 76 118 106 56 82
Norway 167 108 401 e 583 413 e 345 409 354 199
Poland - - 1 117 164 138 56 127 175
Portugal 15 33 1572 343 903 1521 781 357 410
Slovak Republic 237 e 322 e 198 e 931 780 550 574 471 -
Spain 21 983 746 1492 1812 1667 1036 308 826
Sweden 70 e 118 e 308 e 109 183 174 131 271 94
Switzerland 82 e 265 e 80 20 166 96 8 8 7
Turkey 79 - 15 110 149 e 114 e 48 112 -
United Kingdom 1040 3269 1847 e 2826 2186 1814 3037 1824 1848
United States 782 61 225 654 629 e 531 e 866 e 177 e 335

Total Non-OECD 355 2983 14582 22424 23592 e 22930 e 23312 e 25883 e 26854
Brazil 11 110 345 22 67 232 883 726 231
Chinese Taipei 76 1521 6866 10034 10961 10817 9896 14330 13208
Egypt - - 1 2 - 1 1 4 2
Hong Kong, China - - 2551 421 574 735 1202 374 77
India - - 48 2469 1645 1544 1969 1430 1297
Israel - - 1058 2623 1912 e 1296 e 1716 1170 321
Romania - 462 33 - 2 e - 135 844 930
Oth. Africa & Mid. East 3 66 1039 827 127 185 358 63 190
Other Latin America 82 576 642 1422 1009 e 847 e 1358 e 809 e 1184
Other Asia & Oceania 129 166 1624 4318 7282 e 7149 e 5354 5893 e 8355
Other Eastern Europe 54 82 363 144 8 62 220 159 569

Non-Specified/Other 1203 1362 1238 582 283 308 215 160 113
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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III.54 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

IEA North America*

Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce) Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)
4000 160

3500 140

3000 120

2500 100

2000 80

1500 60

1000 40

500 20

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal/TPES
Coal Oil Gas Nuclear Renewables Coal/Population
Coal/GDP

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

1000 900
900 800
800 700
700
600
600
500
500
400
400
300
300
200 200

100 100

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Production Coal Supply Electricity and Heat Other Transformation
Exports Imports Industry Other Use

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh) Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2)
6000 7000

5000 6000

5000
4000

4000
3000
3000
2000
2000

1000
1000

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal Oil Gas Hydro Nuclear Other Coal Oil Gas Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.55

IEA North America

1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

TPES (Mtce) 2708.98 2863.78 3052.67 3651.16 3710.37 3731.77 3703.70 0.71 1.35
Coal 466.16 567.79 689.40 817.73 824.59 833.77 821.75 2.33 1.28
Oil 1291.26 1275.46 1210.83 1398.24 1493.46 1500.30 1477.63 -0.38 1.44
Gas 788.26 746.19 705.58 893.34 843.04 842.92 837.30 -0.65 1.19
Comb. Renew/Waste 64.73 88.77 100.63 121.15 121.42 123.79 128.38 2.63 1.39
Nuclear 39.01 113.96 255.40 324.09 336.45 336.09 339.36 11.69 1.85
Hydro 56.52 65.11 70.01 75.15 75.18 78.13 79.42 1.27 0.73
Geothermal 3.01 6.57 20.14 18.70 12.28 12.33 14.91 11.83 -3.22
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.46 2.98 3.89 4.34 5.38 - 16.11
Net Electricity trade(1) 0.03 -0.06 0.20 -0.21 0.06 0.11 -0.43 11.90 -4.08
Heat(2) - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries.
(2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

GDP (2000 bil. US$) 4630 5540 7599 10490 11451 11818 12206 2.96 2.99
TPES/GDP(1) 0.59 0.52 0.40 0.35 0.32 0.32 0.30 -2.19 -1.59
Population (millions) 234.4 252.2 277.9 313.1 325.9 328.9 331.9 1.01 1.13
TPES/population(1) 11.56 11.35 10.99 11.66 11.38 11.34 11.16 -0.30 0.21
TPES/GDP(2) 168.1 148.5 115.4 100.0 93.1 90.7 87.2 -2.19 -1.59
Coal Supply/GDP(2) 129.2 131.5 116.4 100.0 92.4 90.5 86.4 -0.61 -1.66
Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 107.4 110.8 105.8 100.0 95.0 94.3 .. -0.09 -0.76
Elec. Generation (TWh) 2236 2801 3685 4631 4748 4896 4877 2.98 1.91
Industrial Production(2) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators
(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita.
(2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Average annual
percent change
1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 78-90 90-05

Mtce:
Coking Coal 106.78 132.98 121.62 78.90 64.93 67.00 63.42 1.09 -3.90
Steam Coal 421.00 505.67 646.90 690.79 713.59 726.41 744.41 3.64 0.78
Brown Coal 23.37 30.53 55.87 57.79 57.69 57.99 58.09 7.53 0.25
Peat - - - - - - - - -

Mt:
Coking Coal 105.98 131.87 120.92 82.45 69.73 73.06 69.07 1.10 -3.30
Steam Coal 487.96 598.48 770.40 845.33 902.87 917.97 946.78 3.88 1.18
Brown Coal 44.51 59.30 110.57 112.98 112.52 112.91 113.02 7.88 0.14
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
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III.56 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

IEA North America

4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL*

(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 73-90 90-05
(1)
TFC 2078.52 2108.14 2095.59 2509.66 2526.28 2574.57 2570.62 0.05 1.37
Coal 112.81 86.42 82.11 49.79 49.93 53.16 48.31 -1.85 -3.47
Oil 1110.73 1112.11 1096.72 1280.53 1320.71 1368.43 1370.45 -0.07 1.50
Gas 558.62 533.76 494.70 590.42 564.76 552.13 533.37 -0.71 0.50
Comb. Renew/Wastes 64.35 88.28 42.70 88.34 80.01 85.18 89.85 -2.38 5.08
Geothermal - - 0.48 0.74 1.07 1.07 1.22 - 6.40
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - 2.06 1.81 1.81 1.76 - -
Electricity 231.88 286.10 374.91 489.07 499.82 507.05 519.82 2.87 2.20
Heat 0.14 1.47 3.98 8.70 8.18 5.74 5.83 21.94 2.58
of which:
Total Industry 627.87 633.15 475.26 551.86 492.15 504.51 489.51 -1.62 0.20
Coal 92.64 74.77 67.93 46.13 46.20 48.40 44.59 -1.81 -2.77
Oil 123.53 152.64 77.22 46.36 50.05 58.53 59.91 -2.73 -1.68
Gas 270.24 239.61 181.05 224.56 198.73 198.58 182.97 -2.33 0.07
Comb. Renew/Wastes 48.97 56.35 21.06 62.25 52.12 55.31 57.59 -4.84 6.94
Geothermal - - - 0.16 0.14 0.14 0.15 - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 92.35 108.34 127.09 165.29 138.17 138.75 139.46 1.90 0.62
Heat 0.14 1.43 0.90 7.11 6.73 4.80 4.84 11.73 11.87
Total Transport 649.44 682.69 780.33 946.98 976.55 992.47 1007.36 1.09 1.72
Coal 0.18 - - - - - - - -
Oil 624.28 658.63 753.27 912.66 941.22 956.24 967.69 1.11 1.68
Gas 24.06 23.41 26.15 28.48 25.87 24.67 26.37 0.49 0.06
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - 4.74 8.12 10.15 11.85 - -
Electricity 0.92 0.66 0.91 1.10 1.35 1.41 1.45 -0.10 3.14
Residential 377.12 349.36 341.56 421.90 433.74 425.97 430.24 -0.58 1.55
Coal 4.77 2.35 2.17 1.99 0.03 0.04 0.04 -4.54 -23.95
Oil 121.78 75.44 44.90 50.78 49.29 47.74 45.01 -5.70 0.02
Gas 170.29 170.28 162.73 185.84 190.53 181.95 180.04 -0.27 0.68
Comb. Renew/Wastes 2.73 2.73 2.30 17.44 16.65 16.66 17.28 -1.01 14.40
Geothermal - - - 0.31 0.50 0.50 0.57 - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - 2.06 1.81 1.81 1.76 - -
Electricity 77.55 98.57 129.47 163.48 174.93 177.28 185.54 3.06 2.43
Heat - - 0.00 - - - 0.00 - 11.30
Comm & Public Services 237.04 230.15 258.88 315.36 328.64 331.51 333.98 0.52 1.71
Coal 4.87 2.63 3.41 1.30 2.81 3.51 2.72 -2.07 -1.51
Oil 79.11 53.17 36.62 32.43 36.34 37.61 36.52 -4.43 -0.02
Gas 94.03 96.74 99.39 119.98 121.23 118.34 117.28 0.33 1.11
Comb. Renew/Waste - - - 1.77 2.91 3.01 2.86 - -
Geothermal - - - 0.27 0.43 0.43 0.49 - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 59.03 77.57 116.38 158.01 163.46 167.66 173.11 4.07 2.68
Heat - 0.04 3.08 1.59 1.45 0.94 1.00 - -7.25
Non-Energy Use 137.00 153.92 186.08 244.96 249.94 269.88 261.10 1.82 2.28
Coal - 0.18 0.47 0.38 0.36 0.39 0.36 - -1.75
Oil 137.00 150.40 160.95 213.85 221.87 241.55 234.64 0.95 2.54
Gas - 3.33 24.67 30.73 27.70 27.93 26.10 - 0.38
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.57

IEA North America

5. COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

Production 492.9 669.2 824.4 827.5 836.2 851.4 865.9 3.1 0.2
Imports 16.0 16.9 16.6 31.6 44.6 45.5 51.1 0.2 7.0
Exports -55.2 -97.9 -126.2 -80.2 -65.4 -69.8 -67.8 5.0 -3.9
Stock Changes 12.5 -20.4 -25.4 38.9 9.2 6.7 -27.4 x x
Primary Supply 466.2 567.8 689.4 817.7 824.6 833.8 821.8 2.3 1.3
Statistical Difference 18.7 -10.9 4.1 10.6 -15.2 -15.3 .. x x
Total Transformation -363.4 -466.8 -609.5 -776.4 -752.6 -767.0 .. 3.1 1.5
Electricity and Heat Gen. -321.7 -438.7 -587.7 -755.4 -741.6 -756.4 .. 3.6 1.7
Main activity producers (1) -321.7 -438.7 -581.3 -738.5 -731.8 -747.7 .. 3.5 1.7
Autoproducers - -0.0 -6.4 -17.0 -9.7 -8.7 .. - 2.1
Gas Works -0.1 - -2.7 -2.7 -2.5 -2.7 .. 26.3 -0.1
(2)
Coal Transformation -41.6 -28.2 -19.1 -18.2 -8.5 -7.9 .. -4.5 -5.8
BKB plants - - - - - - .. - -
Blast Furnaces -27.7 -18.4 -12.9 -12.3 -11.1 -10.2 .. -4.4 -1.6
Coke Ovens -13.9 -9.8 -6.2 -5.9 -2.9 -4.2 .. -4.6 -2.6
Patent Fuel plants - - - - 5.5 6.6 .. - -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - .. - -
Own use -8.6 -3.6 -1.9 -2.1 -3.7 -3.1 .. -8.5 3.3
Distribution Losses - - - - - - .. x x
(4)
Final Consumption 112.8 86.4 82.1 49.8 53.2 48.3 .. -1.9 -3.5
(5)
Industry sector 92.6 74.8 67.9 46.1 48.4 44.6 .. -1.8 -2.8
Iron and Steel 52.1 33.7 19.2 12.8 8.6 5.6 .. -5.7 -7.9
Chemical 11.9 11.2 12.4 9.3 7.5 7.0 .. 0.2 -3.7
Non-metallic minerals 5.9 10.3 11.6 12.1 11.8 11.4 .. 4.1 -0.1
Paper, pulp and print 7.1 7.4 10.4 3.6 6.5 6.6 .. 2.2 -3.0
Transport sector(6) 0.2 - - - - - .. - -
(7)
Other Sectors 20.0 11.5 13.7 3.3 4.4 3.4 .. -2.2 -8.9
Comm. and pub. services 4.9 2.6 3.4 1.3 3.5 2.7 .. -2.1 -1.5
Residential 4.8 2.4 2.2 2.0 0.0 0.0 .. -4.5 -24.0
Non-energy Use - 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 .. - -1.7
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by
* the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

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III.58 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

IEA North America

6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES*

(million tonnes) Average annual
percent change
1978 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 78-90 90-05
Steam Coal 496.24 560.62 715.52 879.98 890.32 927.20 943.73 3.10 1.86
Total Electricity and Heat 418.38 491.32 649.21 851.28 760.39 768.42 773.30 3.73 1.17
Main activity producers 418.37 491.31 642.91 835.80 752.50 760.75 766.80 3.65 1.18
Autoproducers 0.01 0.01 6.29 15.49 7.89 7.67 6.50 66.36 0.22
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - 102.19 107.54 119.90 - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - 0.18 2.50 1.85 1.73 1.28 - 13.87
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector 46.04 46.33 53.39 37.51 37.86 37.67 37.11 1.24 -2.40
Iron and Steel 3.73 2.53 1.70 1.35 0.65 0.67 0.28 -6.36 -11.34
Chemical 10.34 12.72 14.26 10.51 7.98 7.08 7.17 2.71 -4.48
Non-metallic minerals 11.88 11.62 12.65 13.26 12.35 12.69 12.43 0.53 -0.12
Paper, Pulp and Print 7.82 8.27 11.37 4.10 6.69 6.45 6.77 3.17 -3.39
Other industry 12.27 11.19 13.42 8.29 10.18 10.78 10.45 0.75 -1.65
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 8.58 5.40 6.03 3.70 3.25 4.05 3.14 -2.90 -4.27
Non-energy use - 0.02 0.26 0.33 0.30 0.33 0.29 - 0.85
Coking Coal 75.66 68.78 40.29 30.42 27.58 26.05 24.96 -5.12 -3.14
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - 2.42 2.60 2.90 - -
Coke Ovens 71.74 67.78 40.27 30.20 23.75 23.25 22.65 -4.70 -3.76
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector - - - - - - - - -
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal/Lignite 43.94 58.04 109.28 114.73 125.29 117.06 121.55 7.89 0.71
Total Electricity and Heat 41.10 53.39 101.99 110.09 115.89 110.80 113.17 7.87 0.70
Main activity producers 41.10 53.39 100.89 108.85 113.80 108.68 111.11 7.77 0.65
Autoproducers - - 1.10 1.25 2.09 2.12 2.06 - 4.29
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - 5.64 5.67 5.53 4.87 5.39 - -0.29
Industry sector 2.47 3.05 1.41 1.59 0.41 0.36 0.49 -4.57 -6.84
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - 0.17 0.23 0.24 0.25 0.23 0.24 - 0.17
Non-metallic minerals - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 - 7.60
Paper, Pulp and Print 0.17 0.19 0.10 0.10 0.06 0.06 0.07 -4.60 -2.08
Other industry 2.31 2.69 1.08 1.25 0.11 0.06 0.17 -6.12 -11.53
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 0.34 0.29 0.17 0.12 0.11 0.12 0.05 -5.64 -7.29
Non-energy use - - 0.09 0.14 0.15 0.16 0.16 - 4.12
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

(US Dollars / tce)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Heavy Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
For Industry
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
High Suplhur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

(US Dollars / unit)(2)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Heavy Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
For Industry
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
High Suplhur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL*

(Mtce)

1973 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Imports 15.98 16.93 16.60 31.60 37.05 42.27 44.60 45.50 51.06
Hard Coal 14.72 16.12 15.64 25.00 28.91 34.16 34.55 37.18 40.81
Coking Coal .. 6.21 4.22 5.72 6.46 4.78 5.19 5.54 5.56
Steam Coal .. 9.91 11.41 19.28 22.45 29.39 29.36 31.64 35.25
Brown Coal / Lignite - - - 2.80 5.07 5.59 3.96 5.23 5.85
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 1.26 0.81 0.97 3.80 3.08 2.51 6.09 3.08 4.39

Total Exports 55.24 97.89 126.22 80.22 55.54 57.92 65.42 69.83 67.78
Hard Coal 53.62 96.02 125.51 78.94 54.62 57.13 60.19 63.74 63.61
Coking Coal .. 71.71 84.68 54.27 39.75 40.91 42.74 46.70 43.97
Steam Coal .. 24.31 40.83 24.66 14.87 16.21 17.45 17.04 19.64
Brown Coal / Lignite 0.00 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.12 0.11 0.16 0.18 0.23
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 1.62 1.84 0.67 1.25 0.80 0.68 5.07 5.92 3.93
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

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9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Hard Coal 16929 16717 16618 26255 30623 e 36191 e 37261 e 40145 e 43987

Coking Coal 5454 6389 4491 5843 6522 e 4828 e 5416 e 5767 e 5786
Australia - - - - 605 200 182 144 72
Canada - - - 1511 1593 1356 1735 1458 1461
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States 5454 6389 4491 4296 4291 e 3264 e 3429 e 4155 e 4133
Other OECD - - - - 9 - - - -

China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -

Colombia - - - - 24 e 8 e - 9 e 7
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - - - - - - - -
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - - - - - - -
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - 70 - -
Venezuela - - - 36 - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - 1 113

Steam Coal 11475 10328 12127 20412 24101 e 31363 e 31845 e 34378 e 38201
Australia 933 - 22 152 156 e 113 e 86 66 150
Canada 49 37 883 155 203 441 764 244 288
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - 25 e 14 e - - -
Poland 645 287 - - 110 176 e 68 70 -
United Kingdom - - 5 - 81 e 55 e 40 1 1
United States 8796 9245 9639 10284 7607 e 7692 e 7371 e 6316 e 6043
Other OECD - - - 6 29 232 e 103 39 96

China, People's Rep. - - - 173 660 e 799 e 132 69 e 55

Colombia - - 1296 6928 9412 e 14266 e 16003 e 20554 e 23267
Indonesia - - - 651 1746 1910 1979 2239 2855
South Africa 996 699 - 61 70 71 31 70 56
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - 26 157 e 211 e 275 e 471 e 1117
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - 81 e 64 e 225 e 141 e -
Venezuela - - 277 1904 3560 e 5118 e 4758 e 4012 e 4252
Vietnam - - - - - 20 e - 85 -
Non-Specified/Other 56 60 5 72 204 e 181 e 10 1 21
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Exports 40450 71373 84419 58166 42503 e 43755 e 48196 e 52711 e 49586
Exports to:
Total OECD 36030 62263 67287 45136 35107 e 33980 e 36147 e 41133 e 38320
Australia - - - - - - - - -
Austria - - - - - - - 239 30
Belgium 1103 2840 5538 2717 1918 e 1405 e 1309 e 1528 e 1596
Canada 5410 5694 3988 3501 4277 3263 3431 4034 4134
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Denmark - 141 50 - - - - - -
Finland - 20 127 288 294 e 397 e 412 e 776 e 795
France 1468 4082 4880 2782 1443 e 1483 e 1388 e 1610 e 1652
Germany 560 1710 708 1211 1406 e 1608 e 2020 e 2230 e 2607
Greece - 364 - - 17 - 553 e - -
Hungary - - - 65 11 - - - 70
Iceland - 6 28 48 87 83 82 57 19
Ireland - 198 - - - - - - -
Italy 3069 5594 6536 4467 3060 e 3495 e 2677 e 3672 e 4152
Japan 19925 30625 26588 12937 8926 e 7488 e 7759 e 8446 e 7523
Korea 1173 1994 2908 4947 3204 e 3268 e 3848 e 5497 e 4573
Luxembourg - - - - - - - - -
Mexico - 28 3 740 880 e 1324 e 1253 e 994 e 612
Netherlands 929 2390 3975 2143 2319 e 2595 e 2787 e 2355 e 2297
New Zealand - - - - - - - - -
Norway 68 252 99 42 13 17 32 18 -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
Portugal 265 305 753 198 - - 88 - -
Slovak Republic - - - - - - - - 54
Spain 838 2171 3156 2331 1452 e 1871 e 1426 e 2029 e 1397
Sweden 453 1073 866 642 393 346 570 464 426
Switzerland - 99 - - - - 22 - -
Turkey 409 796 1957 2403 1531 e 1771 e 2457 e 2667 e 2186
United Kingdom 360 1881 4355 3134 2283 e 2203 e 2298 e 2915 e 2681
United States - - 772 540 1593 e 1363 e 1735 e 1602 e 1462

Total Non-OECD 4600 9930 12768 9805 7395 e 9774 e 12152 e 12156 e 11709
Brazil 1942 3490 6327 5564 4364 e 4841 e 4545 e 4831 e 5519
Chinese Taipei 205 359 357 1440 1077 e 1077 e 1438 e 1274 e 1220
Egypt 218 749 586 682 684 e 1306 e 1120 e 706 e 869
Hong Kong, China - - - - - - - - -
India 200 263 - 22 9 18 813 e 1078 959
Israel - - 50 56 - - - - -
Romania 673 853 1559 443 - 58 e 121 547 75
Oth. Africa & Mid. East 1 642 614 269 357 e 695 e 381 377 312
Other Latin America 914 1603 872 496 428 e 446 e 622 e 575 e 681
Other Asia & Oceania 24 49 529 - 264 e 799 e 2333 e 1060 e 264
Other Eastern Europe 243 1018 1040 833 212 534 587 e 1130 e 1244

Non-Specified/Other - 84 5198 3225 1 e 1 e 89 - 177

Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Exports 10808 27123 42493 27341 18368 e 20137 e 20898 e 20572 e 22700
Exports to:
Total OECD 10341 25340 35375 25816 17854 e 19436 e 19068 e 17956 e 20788
Australia - - 1 - 16 e 22 e - - -
Austria - - - - - - - - -
Belgium 27 1383 2178 429 458 348 555 411 363
Canada 8782 10136 10083 13524 10859 15569 12680 13625 13909
Czech Republic - - - - - 1 e - - -
Denmark 309 1608 3321 70 6 e 265 e 67 66 348
Finland - 233 - - - 66 - - 360
France 38 2984 1758 564 15 e 46 e - 64 e 195
Germany 528 1188 384 522 508 355 376 133 569
Greece - 4 - - 1 e 2 e - - -
Hungary - - - - - - - - -
Iceland - - 15 - - - - - -
Ireland - 159 1322 456 633 216 - - -
Italy 22 924 4451 79 435 62 122 23 -
Japan 243 1426 4007 4425 1598 e 269 e 1640 e 964 e 1378
Korea 356 552 719 2275 1544 e 568 e 665 749 e 917
Luxembourg - - - - - - - - -
Mexico - - 188 373 96 99 670 e 341 156
Netherlands 27 1834 3982 643 239 e 511 e 591 829 793
New Zealand - - 1 - - - - - -
Norway - - 62 74 22 e - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
Portugal - 24 1386 343 115 406 317 143 267
Slovak Republic - - - - - - - - -
Spain - 970 282 441 614 126 67 - 250
Sweden - 39 21 - - - - 71 -
Switzerland - - - - - - - - -
Turkey 5 - 15 55 149 e 114 e - 67 -
United Kingdom - 1875 1005 1016 539 212 558 361 1052
United States 4 1 194 527 7 e 179 e 760 e 109 e 231

Total Non-OECD 95 1699 5903 1037 431 e 573 e 1799 e 2501 e 1805
Brazil 11 98 177 22 17 182 883 693 176
Chinese Taipei - 530 3820 - - - 1 1 3
Egypt - - - - - - - - -
Hong Kong, China - - 108 1 - - - - -
India - - - - - - 224 217 71
Israel - - 530 - 120 e 1 e - - -
Romania - 413 - - 1 e - 135 844 927
Oth. Africa & Mid. East 1 56 682 825 127 184 358 63 190
Other Latin America 82 575 522 49 160 e 139 e 140 e 397 e 358
Other Asia & Oceania 1 19 5 8 6 e 67 e - 128 e 6
Other Eastern Europe - 8 47 66 - - 29 115 74

Non-Specified/Other 372 84 1227 554 83 128 60 158 107

Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce) Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)
3000 120

2500 100

2000 80

1500 60

1000 40

500 20

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal/TPES
Coal Oil Gas Nuclear Renewables Coal/Population
Coal/GDP

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

600 600

500 500

400 400

300 300

200 200

100 100

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Production Coal Supply Electricity and Heat Other Transformation
Exports Imports Industry Other Use

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh) Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2)
3500 4500

3000 4000

3500
2500
3000
2000
2500

1500 2000

1500
1000
1000
500
500

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal Oil Gas Hydro Nuclear Other Coal Oil Gas Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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III.64 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

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1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

TPES (Mtce) 1846.06 1945.86 2145.36 2376.68 2503.99 2514.71 2511.40 0.89 1.06
Coal 489.58 508.29 507.06 380.82 386.76 372.98 376.90 0.21 -2.03
Oil 1060.06 970.75 869.32 946.70 961.79 965.59 956.54 -1.16 0.70
Gas 181.42 278.62 348.51 535.74 603.07 621.35 613.74 3.91 3.93
Comb. Renew/Waste 42.19 48.98 71.99 92.90 108.51 113.85 123.41 3.19 3.10
Nuclear 27.60 84.10 286.90 341.87 363.25 358.57 357.50 14.77 1.50
Hydro 41.44 50.13 53.55 64.87 58.39 57.98 57.12 1.52 0.53
Geothermal 3.12 3.38 5.26 7.82 9.13 9.16 9.56 3.12 3.77
Solar, Wind, Tide 0.07 0.07 0.41 3.82 8.97 10.61 12.22 11.14 24.15
Net Electricity trade(1) 0.57 1.54 2.34 1.60 3.53 3.95 3.76 8.62 3.57
Heat(2) - - 0.03 0.54 0.60 0.67 0.65 - 23.73
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries.
(2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

GDP (2000 bil. US$) 4676 5505 7031 8775 9378 9541 9822 2.43 2.06
TPES/GDP(1) 0.39 0.35 0.31 0.27 0.27 0.26 0.26 -1.50 -0.97
Population (millions) 416.8 433.0 454.0 477.6 490.2 492.8 495.2 0.50 0.55
TPES/population(1) 4.43 4.49 4.73 4.98 5.11 5.10 5.07 0.38 0.51
TPES/GDP(2) 145.8 130.5 112.7 100.0 98.6 97.3 94.4 -1.50 -0.97
Coal Supply/GDP(2) 241.2 212.8 166.2 100.0 95.0 90.1 88.4 -2.17 -4.00
Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 92.5 99.2 101.4 100.0 101.0 101.0 .. 0.54 -0.02
Elec. Generation (TWh) 1520 1905 2468 3013 3241 3290 3329 2.89 1.94
Industrial Production(2) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators
(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita.
(2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Average annual
percent change
1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 78-90 90-05

Mtce:
Coking Coal 95.28 91.83 63.70 27.56 24.65 22.87 21.69 -3.30 -6.60
Steam Coal 151.33 163.65 129.18 60.48 48.72 41.43 38.36 -1.31 -7.30
Brown Coal 166.53 176.39 175.21 110.76 110.15 107.52 107.57 0.42 -3.20
Peat 2.30 2.67 5.06 3.48 3.12 4.67 5.73 6.79 -0.54

Mt:
Coking Coal 100.22 96.45 64.65 27.99 24.97 23.23 22.05 -3.59 -6.60
Steam Coal 189.74 201.93 158.84 73.96 59.77 51.55 47.72 -1.47 -7.23
Brown Coal 544.19 564.34 577.50 370.51 367.95 372.75 372.67 0.50 -2.88
Peat 8.05 9.34 14.93 10.59 9.44 13.84 16.85 5.28 -0.50
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
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4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL*

(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 73-90 90-05
(1)
TFC 1389.93 1439.39 1525.72 1705.29 1777.11 1808.47 1833.40 0.55 1.23
Coal 201.51 164.52 142.99 67.08 60.00 61.91 57.76 -2.00 -5.86
Oil 838.33 788.13 759.34 843.95 860.69 865.92 865.77 -0.58 0.88
Gas 144.07 224.73 274.48 364.43 392.35 400.37 402.01 3.86 2.58
Comb. Renew/Wastes 38.93 42.21 60.55 67.80 68.56 70.11 72.15 2.63 1.18
Geothermal 0.07 0.10 1.20 1.81 2.10 2.14 2.33 18.04 4.54
Solar, Wind, Tide - 0.01 0.25 0.96 1.30 1.41 1.50 - 12.84
Electricity 155.97 196.80 256.85 316.30 333.45 341.24 347.50 2.98 2.04
Heat 11.04 22.89 30.06 42.96 58.67 65.38 84.38 6.07 7.12
of which:
Total Industry 490.04 455.85 414.28 431.04 442.09 443.57 441.71 -0.98 0.43
Coal 110.08 94.55 87.98 54.04 48.72 49.95 47.24 -1.31 -4.06
Oil 213.44 161.49 79.18 73.82 73.83 71.64 70.24 -5.67 -0.80
Gas 71.80 90.33 105.32 134.77 139.40 137.49 138.37 2.28 1.84
Comb. Renew/Wastes 6.53 7.68 19.24 23.06 20.98 21.73 21.75 6.57 0.82
Geothermal - - - 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.01 0.14 0.17 0.18 0.18 - 19.99
Electricity 84.70 97.05 116.14 135.32 138.14 141.64 142.35 1.87 1.37
Heat 3.50 4.75 6.41 9.87 20.84 20.94 21.57 3.62 8.43
Total Transport 258.39 309.50 407.41 500.06 511.63 524.76 528.37 2.71 1.75
Coal 4.57 1.06 0.05 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 -23.25 -9.00
Oil 249.25 302.74 400.14 489.64 499.81 511.91 513.83 2.82 1.68
Gas 0.22 0.51 0.43 0.95 1.12 1.15 1.25 3.99 7.32
Comb. Renew/Wastes 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.03 2.01 2.91 4.42 -1.94 64.33
Electricity 4.35 5.18 6.79 8.42 8.67 8.79 8.86 2.64 1.79
Residential 326.84 337.58 370.21 402.44 418.65 423.04 425.09 0.74 0.93
Coal 65.88 50.39 39.14 10.38 8.33 8.53 7.84 -3.02 -10.16
Oil 146.47 118.09 95.62 90.87 90.85 86.94 84.85 -2.48 -0.79
Gas 42.11 72.87 102.42 148.99 165.67 172.12 173.63 5.37 3.58
Comb. Renew/Wastes 25.50 27.89 39.10 41.00 42.44 42.09 42.41 2.55 0.54
Geothermal 0.07 0.10 0.68 1.34 1.60 1.65 1.83 14.21 6.81
Solar, Wind, Tide - 0.01 0.18 0.64 0.98 1.07 1.16 - 13.15
Electricity 40.28 56.34 75.11 89.97 96.80 98.76 100.96 3.73 1.99
Heat 6.53 11.89 17.97 19.25 11.98 11.88 12.40 6.14 -2.44
Comm & Public Services 129.04 135.91 145.13 163.65 181.55 184.28 187.87 0.69 1.74
Coal 13.19 12.50 11.50 0.98 1.26 1.68 1.09 -0.80 -14.54
Oil 83.44 72.84 39.92 30.37 33.85 31.24 30.95 -4.24 -1.68
Gas 7.20 13.32 35.85 47.03 54.36 57.13 58.27 9.90 3.29
Comb. Renew/Waste 1.07 1.44 0.40 1.37 1.77 1.98 2.10 -5.64 11.71
Geothermal - - 0.01 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.04 - 15.09
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.02 0.07 0.10 0.11 0.11 - 11.91
Electricity 23.86 34.18 53.93 76.35 83.32 85.59 88.49 4.91 3.36
Heat 0.28 1.63 3.50 7.46 6.86 6.52 6.80 16.00 4.53
Non-Energy Use 110.78 116.53 134.47 149.85 151.53 153.83 156.26 1.15 1.01
Coal 3.39 2.43 1.76 1.03 1.45 1.47 1.38 -3.77 -1.64
Oil 102.24 98.77 115.43 131.91 134.88 136.88 138.72 0.72 1.23
Gas 5.15 15.33 17.27 16.90 15.20 15.48 16.17 7.38 -0.44
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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IEA Europe

5. COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

Production 433.1 434.5 373.1 202.3 186.6 176.5 173.3 -0.9 -4.9
Imports 87.8 133.1 158.7 189.6 222.5 218.6 226.0 3.5 2.2
Exports -38.9 -44.6 -31.0 -23.3 -23.4 -19.6 -20.3 -1.3 -3.0
Stock Changes 7.6 -14.7 6.2 12.2 1.0 -2.5 -2.1 x x
Primary Supply 489.6 508.3 507.1 380.8 386.8 373.0 376.9 0.2 -2.0
Statistical Difference 11.6 3.6 2.8 -2.4 -0.5 -2.1 .. x x
Total Transformation -278.1 -331.0 -355.6 -303.2 -316.7 -305.0 .. 1.5 -1.0
Electricity and Heat Gen. -223.6 -284.8 -315.7 -269.6 -286.6 -275.4 .. 2.0 -0.9
Main activity producers (1) -218.7 -249.4 -281.3 -252.5 -269.6 -260.3 .. 1.5 -0.5
Autoproducers -4.9 -35.4 -34.4 -17.2 -17.0 -15.1 .. 12.1 -5.3
Gas Works -6.8 -5.1 -2.7 -0.6 -0.7 -0.7 .. -5.3 -8.6
(2)
Coal Transformation -47.6 -41.1 -37.3 -33.0 -29.5 -28.9 .. -1.4 -1.7
BKB plants 2.3 1.6 -1.1 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3 .. - -9.3
Blast Furnaces -34.6 -32.2 -28.3 -27.0 -25.2 -25.1 .. -1.2 -0.8
Coke Ovens -16.1 -11.1 -8.1 -5.8 -4.1 -3.6 .. -4.0 -5.3
Patent Fuel plants 0.7 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 .. -7.0 -7.3
Other transformation(3) - - - 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. - -
Own use -18.3 -15.0 -10.4 -7.2 -6.4 -6.9 .. -3.3 -2.8
Distribution Losses -3.2 -1.4 -0.8 -1.0 -1.1 -1.3 .. x x
(4)
Final Consumption 201.5 164.5 143.0 67.1 61.9 57.8 .. -2.0 -5.9
(5)
Industry sector 110.1 94.5 88.0 54.0 49.9 47.2 .. -1.3 -4.1
Iron and Steel 48.2 38.5 35.4 23.4 23.0 21.7 .. -1.8 -3.2
Chemical 13.4 11.8 10.7 2.6 3.4 3.3 .. -1.3 -7.5
Non-metallic minerals 8.3 10.9 14.5 9.1 7.2 6.7 .. 3.3 -5.0
Paper, pulp and print 4.0 3.1 3.5 1.5 1.3 1.3 .. -0.8 -6.3
Transport sector(6) 4.6 1.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. -23.3 -9.0
(7)
Other Sectors 83.5 66.5 53.2 12.0 10.5 9.1 .. -2.6 -11.1
Comm. and pub. services 13.2 12.5 11.5 1.0 1.7 1.1 .. -0.8 -14.5
Residential 65.9 50.4 39.1 10.4 8.5 7.8 .. -3.0 -10.2
Non-energy Use 3.4 2.4 1.8 1.0 1.5 1.4 .. -3.8 -1.6
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by
* the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

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6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES*

(million tonnes) Average annual
percent change
1978 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 78-90 90-05
Steam Coal 228.47 251.92 254.95 206.08 220.98 222.79 214.97 0.92 -1.13
Total Electricity and Heat 165.46 188.33 200.30 171.11 187.68 187.46 180.35 1.61 -0.70
Main activity producers 143.28 166.34 185.22 164.48 180.91 179.77 174.32 2.16 -0.40
Autoproducers 22.18 21.99 15.08 6.63 6.77 7.69 6.03 -3.17 -5.93
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants 4.92 4.39 1.94 0.84 0.60 0.53 0.45 -7.46 -9.26
Coke Ovens 2.28 2.21 0.09 - - - - -23.82 -
Blast Furnaces Inputs 0.01 0.01 3.58 7.29 7.18 7.12 7.48 72.95 5.03
Gas manufacture 0.14 0.14 0.03 - - - - -13.37 -
Industry sector 29.01 32.10 32.81 21.65 20.30 22.78 22.28 1.03 -2.55
Iron and Steel 4.30 3.68 3.76 2.86 2.17 3.58 3.68 -1.11 -0.13
Chemical 2.78 3.55 5.34 0.94 1.71 1.71 1.69 5.60 -7.36
Non-metallic minerals 8.36 9.68 13.22 7.48 5.59 5.64 5.32 3.89 -5.89
Paper, Pulp and Print 0.76 0.80 2.08 1.00 0.91 0.96 0.96 8.74 -5.04
Other industry 12.81 14.39 8.42 9.37 9.92 10.90 10.63 -3.43 1.57
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 22.34 21.28 13.56 5.26 3.93 4.37 3.69 -4.08 -8.31
Non-energy use 0.04 0.05 0.04 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.04 -0.63 -0.36
Coking Coal 117.12 127.15 108.18 76.89 67.81 69.89 67.80 -0.66 -3.07
Total Electricity and Heat 7.14 10.83 18.23 13.32 14.02 13.91 12.62 8.12 -2.42
Main activity producers 6.19 9.59 14.32 10.17 11.70 11.41 10.73 7.23 -1.90
Autoproducers 0.95 1.25 3.91 3.15 2.32 2.50 1.88 12.52 -4.75
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens 107.96 114.04 86.80 58.54 50.78 51.93 51.17 -1.80 -3.46
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - 1.27 1.50 2.15 2.23 2.46 - 4.47
Gas manufacture 1.30 1.10 0.10 - - - - -19.50 -
Industry sector 0.12 0.23 1.93 2.52 0.88 0.51 0.77 26.39 -5.98
Iron and Steel 0.01 0.01 1.59 0.14 0.16 0.23 0.20 57.19 -13.07
Chemical 0.00 0.00 - 0.00 - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals 0.00 0.01 - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry 0.11 0.21 0.34 2.38 0.72 0.28 0.57 10.15 3.61
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 0.27 0.32 0.14 0.10 0.21 0.12 0.13 -5.56 -0.60
Non-energy use - - - 0.23 0.18 0.19 0.22 - -
Brown Coal/Lignite 540.81 558.12 580.23 378.66 372.28 371.29 376.35 0.59 -2.84
Total Electricity and Heat 318.65 333.73 392.22 342.94 338.33 337.25 345.44 1.75 -0.84
Main activity producers 303.05 315.27 366.55 336.86 332.23 331.31 339.44 1.60 -0.51
Autoproducers 15.60 18.46 25.68 6.08 6.10 5.94 6.00 4.24 -9.24
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants 134.08 139.00 109.06 12.13 11.72 12.31 12.44 -1.71 -13.48
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture 6.39 6.31 2.81 1.35 1.54 1.51 1.49 -6.63 -4.15
Industry sector 44.34 43.63 37.99 13.27 12.56 11.06 8.57 -1.28 -9.45
Iron and Steel 1.12 1.17 1.21 0.21 0.47 0.09 0.09 0.70 -15.99
Chemical 14.36 14.66 10.10 2.83 2.74 2.93 2.94 -2.89 -7.90
Non-metallic minerals 1.63 1.53 1.54 0.63 0.43 0.29 0.29 -0.51 -10.50
Paper, Pulp and Print 4.04 3.71 1.56 0.30 0.30 0.15 0.30 -7.64 -10.50
Other industry 23.19 22.57 23.58 9.31 8.62 7.59 4.96 0.14 -9.88
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 28.55 30.06 33.39 7.19 6.97 8.20 7.23 1.32 -9.70
Non-energy use 0.83 0.82 0.58 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.04 -2.96 -16.05
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

(US Dollars / tce)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Heavy Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
For Industry
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
High Suplhur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

(US Dollars / unit)(2)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Heavy Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
For Industry
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
High Suplhur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL*

(Mtce)

1973 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Imports 87.76 133.11 158.75 189.60 194.21 207.29 222.50 218.57 225.96
Hard Coal 64.18 112.50 144.80 173.63 179.37 192.01 208.73 205.73 213.99
Coking Coal .. 46.33 53.39 52.82 46.08 44.81 49.72 50.49 51.44
Steam Coal .. 66.17 91.42 120.82 133.29 147.20 159.02 155.23 162.55
Brown Coal / Lignite 2.40 1.52 2.24 1.65 0.84 0.49 0.52 0.75 0.80
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 21.18 19.08 11.71 14.31 14.00 14.79 13.24 12.09 11.16

Total Exports 38.89 44.65 31.02 23.27 22.57 21.00 23.40 19.59 20.29
Hard Coal 18.46 23.23 16.30 16.87 17.31 16.30 18.20 15.04 14.23
Coking Coal .. 13.64 8.22 4.43 3.98 3.91 3.62 3.27 4.30
Steam Coal .. 9.59 8.07 12.44 13.33 12.38 14.58 11.78 9.93
Brown Coal / Lignite 0.06 4.07 4.09 1.30 0.98 0.56 0.54 0.65 0.82
Peat - 0.00 0.12 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.04
Coal Products(1) 20.37 17.35 10.51 5.05 4.23 4.10 4.62 3.85 5.19
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

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9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Hard Coal 85266 e 120622 e 153332 e 189687 197768 211632 229595 227084 236552

Coking Coal 36854 45874 51840 52198 45693 44152 48788 49518 50429
Australia 4497 4326 10043 e 21758 20905 19478 20587 20326 21459
Canada 294 224 2812 e 7072 6761 5952 6067 6735 6927
Czech Republic 909 1072 774 1987 1744 1692 1414 1222 1412
Germany 10550 8326 3141 2 8 - 90 272 2
Poland 6190 4668 2570 2449 2345 2365 1982 2664 3273
United Kingdom 79 66 52 - - - - 6 -
United States 8745 21591 28433 e 16900 10186 10706 12430 13528 12427
Other OECD 105 182 80 23 268 92 88 181 53

China, People's Rep. - - 1 2 588 162 1976 279 291

Colombia - - 24 140 86 355 275 183 206
Indonesia - - 46 441 - 121 - - -
South Africa 206 544 158 388 451 387 433 295 55
Former USSR(2) 3005 e 2992 e - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - 2419 e 565 957 1193 1758 2478 3268
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - 160 511 542 451 329
Venezuela - - - 418 1117 1109 969 872 596
Vietnam - - - 53 - - - - 20
Non-Specified/Other 2274 1883 1287 - 117 29 177 26 111

Steam Coal 48412 e 74748 e 101492 e 137489 152075 167480 180807 177566 186123
Australia 2955 4875 9790 e 9405 9751 12162 10442 7594 6881
Canada 816 695 832 e 12 329 207 286 807 245
Czech Republic 243 255 327 e 1368 1533 1486 1519 953 583
Germany 6716 4145 2124 e 425 556 313 542 530 510
Poland 15647 e 16959 e 13084 e 18305 17827 15832 15994 15254 14293
United Kingdom 2285 4184 2423 e 589 323 365 303 297 166
United States 499 14231 20452 e 4675 4499 2529 3749 2355 4068
Other OECD 980 1406 3548 e 3644 2661 3461 2383 2632 2621

China, People's Rep. 21 417 2783 e 1887 2166 3633 3110 1893 344
Colombia - - 9060 e 22292 21369 24479 25591 26466 23860
Indonesia - - 194 8230 11022 12423 13559 14248 19641
South Africa 10814 20027 26099 42803 54338 58906 55859 52971 54728
Former USSR(2) 2863 2405 - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - 6115 14706 20795 25479 38525 44304 49916
Other Former USSR (3) - - - 386 1662 1045 1485 2598 2766
Venezuela - - 1475 e 3081 2217 3760 1397 1142 948
Vietnam - - - 561 245 343 321 213 416
Non-Specified/Other 4573 5149 3186 e 5120 782 1057 5742 3310 4137
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Exports 19495 e 14068 8555 4457 4119 4057 3721 3496 4624
Exports to:
Total OECD 23602 e 18081 e 12136 e 5358 5490 5704 5029 4674 2957
Australia - - - - - - - - -
Austria 813 e 664 e 785 e 1245 1233 1233 1084 994 910
Belgium 1991 e 820 e 753 1 22 43 125 5 -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Denmark - 2 e - - - - - - -
Finland - 27 - - - - - - -
France 5020 4201 1443 36 112 36 7 30 9
Germany 154 206 28 e 930 586 260 218 248 17
Greece - - - - - - - - -
Hungary - - - 744 478 431 304 230 450
Iceland - - - - - - - - -
Ireland - - 1 4 3 2 5 1 1
Italy 2480 2527 859 - - - - - -
Japan 375 - - - - - - - -
Korea - - - - - - - - -
Luxembourg 286 1 - - 2 - - - -
Mexico - - - - - - - - -
Netherlands 1050 e 797 e 475 e - 1 - 4 - -
New Zealand - - - - - - - - -
Norway - - - - 3 2 - - -
Poland - - - 538 306 399 572 592 1570
Portugal - - 12 - - - - - -
Slovak Republic 5126 e 4345 e 3681 e 901 1371 1647 1311 1287 -
Spain 457 20 415 58 - 4 - - -
Sweden 316 e 123 e - - - - - - -
Switzerland 18 - 3 - - - - - -
Turkey 89 - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom 198 3 - - 2 - 88 - -
United States 103 - - - - - - - -

Total Non-OECD 1219 330 100 - - - 2 216 3332

Brazil 15 - - - - - - - -
Chinese Taipei - - - - - - - - -
Egypt - 115 100 - - - - - -
Hong Kong, China - - - - - - - - -
India - - - - - - - - -
Israel - - - - - - - - -
Romania - - - - - - - - -
Oth. Africa & Mid. East 520 166 - - - - - - -
Other Latin America 5 - - - - - - - -
Other Asia & Oceania - - - - - - - 2 -
Other Eastern Europe 479 49 - - - - 1 107 1666

Non-Specified/Other - 2 - - - - 2 - 1
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Exports 9526 11030 8437 13767 15288 13601 16323 12999 10834
Exports to:
Total OECD 9396 e 10881 e 7936 e 14586 15857 13904 16712 13410 10325
Australia - - 1 - - - - - -
Austria 15 27 14 430 517 602 1196 995 864
Belgium 2528 2211 e 1229 309 753 333 244 218 118
Canada - - - - - 1 1 19 12
Czech Republic - - - 1 - - 2 2 4
Denmark 1083 e 926 e 415 e 168 512 512 339 317 178
Finland 6 157 206 53 215 64 7 310 249
France 2594 2672 1026 1077 1224 1361 2034 1886 1343
Germany 1130 e 2220 e 2359 e 9063 8358 7793 9554 6458 5539
Greece 1 e 1 e - 1 121 274 69 144 122
Hungary - - - 43 51 21 - 81 106
Iceland - - 18 7 12 - 7 36 46
Ireland 209 289 335 272 252 307 384 309 248
Italy 93 32 93 10 8 2 1 - 1
Japan - - 61 - - - - - -
Korea - - - - - - - - -
Luxembourg 52 96 3 93 56 52 42 38 31
Mexico - - - - - - - - -
Netherlands 674 e 949 e 298 155 835 123 326 429 404
New Zealand - - - - - - - - -
Norway 167 108 339 e 509 391 345 409 354 199
Poland - - 1 117 164 138 56 127 175
Portugal 15 9 186 - 83 284 216 214 143
Slovak Republic 237 e 322 e 198 e 931 780 550 574 471 -
Spain 21 13 259 59 34 115 57 17 76
Sweden 70 e 79 e 132 e 26 135 127 12 36 25
Switzerland 82 e 265 e 51 20 95 25 8 8 7
Turkey 74 - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom 108 183 514 e 311 481 325 600 470 371
United States - - - - - - - - 64

Total Non-OECD 56 97 688 160 16 129 124 96 993

Brazil - 12 10 - - - - - -
Chinese Taipei - - - - - - 1 - -
Egypt - - 1 2 - 1 1 4 2
Hong Kong, China - - - 1 - - - - -
India - - 1 - 1 1 1 1 1
Israel - - - - - - - 5 1
Romania - - - - 1 - - - 3
Oth. Africa & Mid. East 2 10 357 2 - 1 - - -
Other Latin America - 1 - - - - - - -
Other Asia & Oceania - - 3 1 1 2 1 4 1
Other Eastern Europe 54 74 316 78 8 62 60 44 495

Non-Specified/Other 311 374 11 28 200 180 121 2 6

Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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Australia*
Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce) Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)
200 180
180 160
160 140
140
120
120
100
100
80
80
60
60
40
40
20
20
0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal/TPES
Coal Oil Gas Nuclear Renewables Coal/Population
Coal/GDP

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

350 90

80
300
70
250
60
200 50

150 40

30
100
20
50
10

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Production Coal Supply Electricity and Heat Other Transformation
Exports Imports Industry Other Use

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh) Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2)
300 400

350
250
300
200
250

150 200

150
100
100
50
50

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal Oil Gas Hydro Nuclear Other Coal Oil Gas Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

TPES (Mtce) 82.31 100.53 125.07 157.84 162.20 174.22 174.98 2.49 2.23
Coal 32.26 39.03 49.97 68.79 70.67 77.59 76.33 2.61 2.98
Oil 38.78 44.06 46.46 52.15 49.38 54.10 54.93 1.07 1.02
Gas 4.83 10.66 21.12 27.53 32.49 32.92 34.61 9.07 3.00
Comb. Renew/Waste 5.04 5.16 5.66 7.19 7.57 7.48 6.85 0.68 1.88
Nuclear - - - - - - - - -
Hydro 1.40 1.59 1.74 2.06 1.93 1.93 2.03 1.27 0.69
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - 0.03 0.12 0.12 0.18 0.20 0.23 - 3.66
Net Electricity trade(1) - - - - - - - - -
Heat(2) - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries.
(2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

GDP (2000 bil. US$) 174 210 281 400 457 470 481 2.85 3.49
TPES/GDP(1) 0.47 0.48 0.45 0.39 0.35 0.37 0.36 -0.35 -1.21
Population (millions) 13.6 14.8 17.2 19.3 20.2 20.5 20.6 1.37 1.18
TPES/population(1) 6.05 6.79 7.28 8.19 8.03 8.51 8.48 1.10 1.04
TPES/GDP(2) 119.6 121.2 112.7 100.0 89.9 93.9 92.1 -0.35 -1.21
Coal Supply/GDP(2) 107.6 107.9 103.3 100.0 89.8 95.9 92.2 -0.24 -0.49
Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 69.6 87.3 106.4 100.0 100.6 101.7 .. 2.52 -0.30
Elec. Generation (TWh) 64 95 154 207 239 251 255 5.28 3.29
Industrial Production(2) .. 61.9 80.4 100.0 103.7 104.9 104.6 - 1.79
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators
(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita.
(2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Average annual
percent change
1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 78-90 90-05

Mtce:
Coking Coal 38.64 41.03 62.86 101.55 114.60 125.76 128.26 4.14 4.73
Steam Coal 21.76 23.19 74.12 112.64 138.76 144.20 145.82 10.75 4.54
Brown Coal 9.64 10.90 14.61 20.95 21.80 22.47 22.63 3.52 2.91
Peat - - - - - - - - -

Mt:
Coking Coal 40.27 42.74 65.01 104.43 117.85 129.33 131.90 4.07 4.69
Steam Coal 29.63 29.65 93.56 135.00 168.01 175.53 177.50 10.06 4.28
Brown Coal 30.47 32.89 45.99 67.29 68.61 70.73 71.24 3.49 2.91
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
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4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL*

(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 73-90 90-05
(1)
TFC 57.12 67.89 82.96 102.96 103.29 105.64 109.26 2.22 1.85
Coal 7.05 5.99 6.12 5.88 3.92 4.74 4.96 -0.83 -1.39
Oil 35.24 39.50 43.60 53.18 53.34 53.56 55.95 1.26 1.68
Gas 3.39 7.63 12.60 16.36 16.44 16.90 17.11 8.03 2.06
Comb. Renew/Wastes 4.99 5.00 4.65 6.20 6.08 5.92 5.78 -0.42 1.46
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - 0.03 0.12 0.12 0.13 0.09 0.09 - -1.72
Electricity 6.45 9.73 15.87 21.22 23.38 24.42 25.37 5.45 3.17
Heat - - - - - - - - -
of which:
Total Industry 21.50 24.92 27.47 34.02 30.63 32.66 33.70 1.45 1.37
Coal 6.62 5.68 5.82 5.68 3.75 4.52 4.68 -0.75 -1.45
Oil 7.65 7.48 4.15 5.13 4.19 4.39 4.88 -3.53 1.08
Gas 2.25 5.05 8.11 10.23 8.88 9.13 9.10 7.83 0.78
Comb. Renew/Wastes 2.13 2.71 2.12 3.51 3.40 3.64 3.69 -0.04 3.78
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 2.85 3.99 7.27 9.46 10.43 10.98 11.34 5.67 3.01
Heat - - - - - - - - -
Total Transport 19.30 25.29 32.41 40.34 41.68 41.92 43.19 3.09 1.93
Coal 0.03 0.01 0.10 0.13 0.08 0.09 0.13 7.63 1.64
Oil 19.19 25.18 32.07 39.50 40.90 41.06 42.24 3.07 1.85
Gas - 0.00 0.01 0.43 0.45 0.48 0.50 - 26.89
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - - - - 0.02 - -
Electricity 0.08 0.11 0.22 0.29 0.25 0.28 0.31 6.13 2.16
Residential 7.23 8.65 10.70 12.94 13.60 13.87 14.34 2.33 1.97
Coal 0.27 0.09 0.02 0.00 e 0.01 0.01 0.01 -14.75 -1.60
Oil 1.15 1.14 0.54 0.50 0.51 0.50 0.50 -4.31 -0.53
Gas 0.67 1.58 2.76 3.66 e 3.89 4.03 4.21 8.73 2.84
Comb. Renew/Wastes 2.86 2.26 2.53 2.67 2.66 2.27 2.05 -0.72 -1.38
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - 0.03 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.08 0.08 - -2.13
Electricity 2.29 3.56 4.74 5.99 6.41 6.99 7.49 4.35 3.10
Heat - - - - - - - - -
Comm & Public Services 1.60 3.44 4.97 7.20 8.25 8.16 8.31 6.89 3.48
Coal 0.13 0.22 0.18 0.06 e 0.08 0.12 0.14 1.75 -1.72
Oil 0.15 0.73 0.36 0.44 0.71 0.71 0.73 5.33 4.72
Gas 0.22 0.55 1.07 1.55 e 1.35 1.36 1.40 9.80 1.81
Comb. Renew/Waste - 0.03 - 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 - -
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - 0.01 0.01 0.01 - -
Electricity 1.10 1.90 3.35 5.13 6.09 5.94 6.02 6.79 3.97
Heat - - - - - - - - -
Non-Energy Use 3.62 4.06 5.52 6.13 6.22 5.95 6.47 2.51 1.06
Coal - - - - - - - - -
Oil 3.37 3.62 4.88 5.64 4.35 4.04 4.58 2.21 -0.42
Gas 0.26 0.45 0.64 0.49 1.87 1.90 1.89 5.54 7.48
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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5. COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

Production 57.5 75.1 151.6 235.1 e 275.2 292.4 296.7 5.9 4.5
Imports - - - - - - - - -
Exports -25.2 -40.7 -96.1 -173.5 -202.4 -214.8 -214.3 8.2 5.5
Stock Changes -0.0 4.6 -5.5 7.1 -2.1 -0.1 -6.1 x x
Primary Supply 32.3 39.0 50.0 68.8 70.7 77.6 76.3 2.6 3.0
Statistical Difference - 0.0 -0.0 -0.1 -0.0 -0.1 .. x x
Total Transformation -25.2 e -32.4 e -43.4 e -62.3 e -65.4 e -72.1 e .. 3.2 3.5
Electricity and Heat Gen. -19.7 -28.8 -41.1 -60.3 e -63.5 -70.0 .. 4.4 3.6
Main activity producers (1) -19.7 -28.1 -40.4 -59.8 e -63.5 -70.0 .. 4.3 3.7
Autoproducers - -0.7 -0.7 -0.5 e -0.0 -0.0 .. - -19.8
Gas Works -0.1 -0.0 - - - - .. - -
(2)
Coal Transformation -5.4 e -3.6 e -2.2 e -2.1 e -1.9 e -2.1 e .. -5.1 -0.3
BKB plants -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 -0.0 e -0.0 -0.2 .. -5.3 6.9
Blast Furnaces -2.4 e -2.2 e -1.4 e -1.5 e -1.2 e -1.1 e .. -3.3 -1.4
Coke Ovens -2.8 -1.2 -0.8 -0.5 -0.7 -0.8 .. -7.3 0.4
Patent Fuel plants - - - - - - .. - -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - .. - -
Own use - -0.6 -0.5 -0.5 -0.4 -0.4 .. - -0.5
Distribution Losses - - - - - - .. x x
(4)
Final Consumption 7.1 6.0 6.1 5.9 4.7 5.0 .. -0.8 -1.4
(5)
Industry sector 6.6 5.7 5.8 5.7 4.5 4.7 .. -0.8 -1.4
Iron and Steel 3.0 e 2.9 e 2.1 e 1.8 e 0.9 e 0.9 e .. -2.1 -5.6
Chemical 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 e 0.2 0.2 .. -2.5 -2.8
Non-metallic minerals 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 e 0.9 1.0 .. -0.7 1.5
Paper, pulp and print 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 .. -0.4 -1.1
Transport sector(6) 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 .. 7.6 1.6
(7)
Other Sectors 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 .. -4.1 -1.7
Comm. and pub. services 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 e 0.1 0.1 .. 1.7 -1.7
Residential 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 e 0.0 0.0 .. -14.7 -1.6
Non-energy Use - - - - - - .. - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by
* the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

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6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES*

(million tonnes) Average annual
percent change
1978 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 78-90 90-05
Steam Coal 24.24 27.37 43.37 56.03 57.76 59.78 68.36 4.97 3.08
Total Electricity and Heat 20.89 23.87 38.20 51.10 54.13 55.12 63.42 5.16 3.44
Main activity producers 20.53 23.50 37.75 50.91 54.13 55.12 63.42 5.21 3.52
Autoproducers 0.36 0.37 0.45 0.19 0.00 - - 1.82 -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture 0.04 0.02 - - - - - - -
Industry sector 3.17 3.30 4.85 4.69 3.48 4.46 4.69 3.59 -0.22
Iron and Steel 0.37 0.32 0.34 0.10 0.09 0.10 0.10 -0.73 -7.52
Chemical 0.15 0.13 0.13 0.09 0.16 0.09 0.09 -1.34 -2.69
Non-metallic minerals 0.88 0.90 0.97 0.79 0.84 1.04 1.17 0.83 1.23
Paper, Pulp and Print 0.28 0.21 0.35 0.33 0.23 0.33 0.41 1.89 1.10
Other industry 1.49 1.73 3.06 3.39 2.16 2.90 2.92 6.15 -0.31
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 0.25 0.22 0.15 0.04 0.02 0.05 0.05 -3.93 -7.10
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Coking Coal 7.22 7.05 5.93 4.80 4.68 5.13 5.35 -1.62 -0.68
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens 7.22 7.05 5.93 4.80 4.68 5.13 5.35 -1.62 -0.68
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector - - - - - - - - -
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal/Lignite 30.47 32.89 45.99 67.29 68.36 68.61 70.73 3.49 2.91
Total Electricity and Heat 27.32 29.23 44.14 66.34 67.57 68.15 69.83 4.08 3.11
Main activity producers 26.32 28.00 43.07 65.25 67.57 68.15 69.83 4.19 3.27
Autoproducers 0.99 1.23 1.07 1.09 - - - 0.62 -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants 2.85 3.35 1.78 0.96 0.79 0.46 0.90 -3.84 -4.47
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector 0.31 0.31 0.07 - 0.00 0.00 0.00 -11.23 -21.32
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - - 0.03 - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - 0.00 - 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -
Paper, Pulp and Print 0.26 0.27 - - - - - - -
Other industry 0.04 0.04 0.05 - - - - 0.96 -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 0.00 - - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

(US Dollars / tce)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal 10.82 14.48 29.05 .. .. .. .. .. ..
Heavy Fuel Oil 67.00 144.87 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
For Industry
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal 29.67 29.57 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 67.00 144.87 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas 34.32 56.81 95.76 .. .. .. .. .. ..

(Australian Dollars / unit)(2)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal 8.91 11.97 35.11 .. .. .. .. .. ..
Heavy Fuel Oil 80.22 174.24 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
For Industry
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal 25.19 25.22 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 80.22 174.24 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas 38.52 64.06 157.84 .. .. .. .. .. ..
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL*

(Mtce)

1973 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Imports - - - - - - - - -
Hard Coal - - - - - - - - -
Coking Coal .. - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal .. - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal / Lignite - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) - - - - - - - - -

Total Exports 25.21 40.70 96.08 173.50 189.41 193.57 202.43 214.77 214.33
Hard Coal 25.21 40.58 95.56 173.48 189.29 193.35 202.21 214.76 214.33
Coking Coal .. 34.70 55.94 97.09 102.92 104.82 108.65 121.47 117.16
Steam Coal .. 5.88 39.62 76.39 86.37 88.52 93.56 93.29 97.17
Brown Coal / Lignite - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) - 0.12 0.52 0.02 0.12 0.23 0.23 0.00 -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

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10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Exports 31029 33487 58127 99845 105833 107794 111732 124914 120479
Exports to:
Total OECD 29145 31847 44179 73879 69426 70428 74633 83150 78675
Australia - - - - - - - - -
Austria - - - - - - - - -
Belgium 374 175 1054 1865 1272 1134 1255 1881 1994
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Denmark - - - - - - - - -
Finland - - - - 412 414 324 392 377
France 1173 903 1978 3780 4417 4421 4105 3895 3329
Germany - - 25 2619 1439 1455 1576 1746 1843
Greece 191 48 - - - - - - -
Hungary - - - - - - - - -
Iceland - - - - - - - - -
Ireland - - - - - - - 14 -
Italy 1319 1164 1181 2984 1832 1628 1930 2527 2260
Japan 22640 25579 28786 39262 40541 41316 41382 44962 44221
Korea 1330 2266 5053 10358 6964 7442 10138 12457 7704
Luxembourg - - - - - - - - -
Mexico 10 - - 666 506 497 451 588 1513
Netherlands 992 329 713 2194 3802 3385 4670 5652 7009
New Zealand - - - - - - - - -
Norway - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
Portugal - - - - - - - - -
Slovak Republic - - - - - - - - -
Spain 593 698 694 2220 2445 2492 2676 2470 2139
Sweden - - 702 992 993 995 1207 1226 1170
Switzerland - - - - - - - - -
Turkey - - 912 1451 995 1161 682 720 1098
United Kingdom 469 685 3081 5488 3737 4088 4063 4451 3928
United States 54 - - - 71 - 174 169 90

Total Non-OECD 1884 1634 14136 25756 25439 28283 30962 37634 34864
Brazil 164 - 1291 4988 3718 4464 3847 3094 3173
Chinese Taipei 981 837 2798 6273 4010 3824 5311 7091 7717
Egypt - 157 323 - 252 245 - 353 225
Hong Kong, China - - - - 12 - - - -
India 32 227 4844 10588 12372 14108 13582 17442 16392
Israel - - - - - 161 - 129 194
Romania 675 267 2256 - 151 202 190 46 71
Oth. Africa & Mid. East - - 454 1554 2691 2333 2354 2807 2381
Other Latin America 32 60 500 1058 986 1196 1038 1339 1229
Other Asia & Oceania - 86 1294 1225 849 1287 3996 4930 3261
Other Eastern Europe - - 188 70 398 463 609 403 221

Non-Specified/Other - 6 - 210 10968 9083 6172 4130 6940

Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Exports 5522 8897 45269 87117 98501 100955 106694 106397 110821
Exports to:
Total OECD 4809 6834 37279 65890 75357 78728 85404 83114 86765
Australia - - - - - - - - -
Austria - - - - - - - - -
Belgium - 103 129 396 544 170 3 17 -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Denmark 150 304 1149 142 316 413 785 - 278
Finland - - - - 65 65 - - -
France 682 525 873 393 543 475 579 469 741
Germany 458 686 125 72 40 - 258 115 -
Greece - - - 110 - - - - -
Hungary - - - - - - - - -
Iceland - - - - - - - - -
Ireland - - 133 284 841 747 977 568 -
Italy - - - 358 514 767 509 141 -
Japan 1489 3581 26362 47361 50680 52636 58777 57277 59328
Korea - 11 3524 11452 14343 14197 16221 17947 20239
Luxembourg - - - - - - - - -
Mexico - - - - 1548 3264 2287 4238 4762
Netherlands 320 353 4236 2550 2071 1872 1590 725 301
New Zealand - - - 16 76 118 106 56 82
Norway - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
Portugal - - - - 705 831 248 - -
Slovak Republic - - - - - - - - -
Spain - - 205 992 1164 1426 912 291 500
Sweden - - 155 83 48 47 119 164 69
Switzerland - - 29 - 71 71 - - -
Turkey - - - 55 - - 48 45 -
United Kingdom 932 1211 328 1499 1166 1277 1879 993 425
United States 778 60 31 127 622 352 106 68 40

Total Non-OECD 193 1159 7990 21227 23144 22227 21387 23283 24056
Brazil - - 158 - 50 50 - 33 55
Chinese Taipei 76 991 3046 10034 10961 10817 9894 14329 13205
Egypt - - - - - - - - -
Hong Kong, China - - 2443 419 574 735 1202 374 77
India - - 47 2469 1644 1543 1744 1212 1225
Israel - - 528 2623 1792 1295 1716 1165 320
Romania - 49 33 - - - - - -
Oth. Africa & Mid. East - - - - - - - - -
Other Latin America - - 120 1373 849 708 1218 412 826
Other Asia & Oceania 117 119 1615 4309 7274 7079 5351 5758 8348
Other Eastern Europe - - - - - - 131 - -

Non-Specified/Other 520 904 - - - - 34 - -

Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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13. COAL EXPORT VALUES BY DESTINATION*

(Average Unit Value, FOB, US$/tonne)

1988 1990 1995 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Coking Coal(1) 40.27 47.72 44.23 36.93 40.16 39.75 48.84 88.94 98.27
Exports to:
Belgium 41.53 51.66 44.65 37.47 40.97 40.12 52.40 104.61 102.26
Canada x x x x x x x x x
Denmark x x x x x x x x x
Finland x x x 46.27 49.53 44.79 53.57 125.25 114.87
France 36.78 47.00 43.07 37.32 41.41 39.06 46.79 96.94 100.91
Germany x 46.30 43.41 38.12 45.07 44.75 52.50 99.12 117.71
Greece x x x x x x x x x
Ireland x x x x x x 32.97 x x
Italy 36.30 46.76 42.06 42.68 45.90 45.51 51.40 102.14 116.96
Japan 40.02 46.98 43.37 34.46 36.79 36.18 45.51 83.74 94.04
Netherlands 39.43 50.32 44.75 41.09 46.17 45.45 52.07 98.18 102.32
Norway x x x x x x x x x
Portugal x x 49.00 x x x x x x
Spain 38.17 48.27 48.65 39.42 43.44 42.51 51.15 98.95 111.44
Sweden 38.41 50.15 48.95 47.05 47.14 47.84 55.50 117.03 114.40
Switzerland x x x x x x x x x
Turkey 39.17 50.25 44.26 35.87 45.14 45.07 52.53 108.84 92.04
United Kingdom 36.89 47.25 45.13 40.13 45.34 43.34 53.67 100.80 104.06
Other OECD x x x 40.21 49.77 47.98 46.57 84.19 94.22
Non-OECD 42.16 48.23 46.32 38.99 43.27 42.92 52.19 88.25 102.03

Steam Coal(1) 30.77 38.34 34.99 28.71 28.01 25.41 37.65 48.86 47.05
Exports to:
Belgium 29.60 38.42 33.43 28.86 22.03 21.12 63.04 x 67.08
Canada x x x x x x x x x
Denmark 24.14 32.29 24.73 28.25 21.50 23.76 22.50 44.09 55.39
Finland 42.19 x x x 21.45 x x x x
France 24.80 33.82 32.97 31.38 22.62 24.05 29.77 45.88 46.28
Germany 28.03 37.74 29.61 28.01 34.99 28.01 51.32 6.13 42.03
Greece 29.09 x x 27.44 x x x x x
Ireland x x 34.14 24.97 22.33 24.86 28.34 29.92 x
Italy x x 37.75 31.07 25.26 24.77 31.26 x x
Japan 32.93 40.03 36.85 29.69 29.20 26.00 38.45 49.42 50.59
Netherlands 27.20 36.31 33.03 26.45 24.65 26.69 42.90 60.71 50.50
Norway x x x x x x x x x
Portugal x x 31.12 27.89 27.90 25.14 x x x
Spain 27.23 32.00 x 22.51 24.35 25.33 26.26 42.82 51.11
Sweden 28.09 x 37.85 38.89 37.96 35.16 42.91 67.75 66.81
Switzerland x x x x 18.15 x x x x
Turkey x x x 32.82 x 36.49 36.39 x x
United Kingdom 34.46 35.45 x 22.89 25.12 24.05 35.39 54.27 46.30
Other OECD 30.63 26.23 34.69 32.51 30.40 25.40 64.52 57.50 45.56
Non-OECD 27.63 35.56 31.43 27.71 26.94 25.10 32.93 46.65 41.66
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high export costs.
(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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Austria*
Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce) Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)
60 120

50 100

40 80

30 60

20 40

10 20

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal/TPES
Coal Oil Gas Nuclear Renewables Coal/Population
Coal/GDP

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

7 7

6 6

5 5

4 4

3 3

2 2

1 1

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Production Coal Supply Electricity and Heat Other Transformation
Exports Imports Industry Other Use

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh) Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2)
70 90

60 80

70
50
60
40
50

30 40

30
20
20
10
10

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal Oil Gas Hydro Nuclear Other Coal Oil Gas Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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Austria

1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

TPES (Mtce) 30.93 33.29 35.82 41.48 47.51 49.09 48.90 0.87 2.12
Coal 5.53 5.22 5.85 5.12 5.79 5.80 5.67 0.34 -0.05
Oil 17.54 17.47 15.19 17.53 20.42 20.71 21.04 -0.84 2.09
Gas 4.72 5.94 7.40 9.31 10.66 11.80 10.94 2.68 3.16
Comb. Renew/Waste 1.02 1.62 3.53 4.42 5.49 5.69 5.92 7.55 3.24
Nuclear - - - - - - - - -
Hydro 2.30 3.53 3.87 5.14 4.47 4.41 4.07 3.10 0.87
Geothermal - - 0.01 0.03 0.05 0.05 0.05 - 16.30
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.02 0.10 0.24 0.30 0.36 - 19.20
Net Electricity trade(1) -0.19 -0.49 -0.06 -0.17 0.38 0.33 0.84 -6.89 -
Heat(2) - - - - 0.01 0.01 0.01 - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries.
(2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

GDP (2000 bil. US$) 99 120 151 194 204 208 215 2.50 2.18
TPES/GDP(1) 0.31 0.28 0.24 0.21 0.23 0.24 0.23 -1.60 -0.06
Population (millions) 7.6 7.5 7.7 8.0 8.2 8.2 8.2 0.07 0.47
TPES/population(1) 4.08 4.41 4.66 5.18 5.81 5.96 5.94 0.80 1.65
TPES/GDP(2) 146.0 129.2 111.1 100.0 108.7 110.1 106.4 -1.60 -0.06
Coal Supply/GDP(2) 211.5 164.0 147.1 100.0 107.3 105.5 100.0 -2.12 -2.19
Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 94.9 101.8 105.4 100.0 101.6 101.5 .. 0.62 -0.25
Elec. Generation (TWh) 31 42 49 60 62 63 61 2.78 1.65
Industrial Production(2) 42.9 52.6 69.0 100.0 112.3 117.3 126.9 2.83 3.60
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators
(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita.
(2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Average annual
percent change
1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 78-90 90-05

Mtce:
Coking Coal - - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal 1.35 1.20 0.91 0.42 0.08 - - -3.25 -
Peat - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -

Mt:
Coking Coal - - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal 3.08 2.87 2.45 1.25 0.24 - - -1.88 -
Peat - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
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4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL*

(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 73-90 90-05
(1)
TFC 24.04 27.00 28.62 34.47 38.82 39.05 40.24 1.03 2.30
Coal 2.84 2.77 1.82 1.17 1.04 0.97 0.92 -2.59 -4.43
Oil 14.53 14.30 13.19 15.71 18.80 18.59 19.00 -0.57 2.46
Gas 2.58 4.09 4.36 6.12 6.66 6.76 7.24 3.14 3.43
Comb. Renew/Wastes 0.99 1.51 3.09 3.45 3.86 3.98 4.14 6.96 1.96
Geothermal - - 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 - 3.66
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.02 0.09 0.11 0.12 0.13 - 12.87
Electricity 3.11 4.06 5.25 6.41 6.74 6.86 7.00 3.14 1.93
Heat - 0.27 0.87 1.50 1.60 1.75 1.80 - 4.93
of which:
Total Industry 7.48 7.05 7.69 9.37 10.03 10.50 10.94 0.16 2.38
Coal 1.06 1.30 0.82 0.80 0.77 0.71 0.67 -1.45 -1.41
Oil 3.20 1.43 1.34 1.69 2.08 2.15 2.16 -4.99 3.22
Gas 1.68 2.27 2.33 3.00 2.99 3.10 3.54 1.96 2.83
Comb. Renew/Wastes 0.05 0.30 0.87 1.12 1.30 1.40 1.36 18.45 3.08
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 1.49 1.74 2.21 2.56 2.68 2.90 2.97 2.35 2.00
Heat - - 0.11 0.18 0.21 0.24 0.24 - 5.04
Total Transport 5.77 6.13 6.98 9.37 11.21 11.50 11.99 1.12 3.67
Coal 0.16 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 - - -21.12 -
Oil 5.36 5.78 6.50 8.60 10.48 10.82 11.19 1.13 3.69
Gas 0.03 0.05 0.14 0.33 0.32 0.27 0.33 9.94 6.09
Comb. Renew/Wastes 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.06 -1.94 23.55
Electricity 0.22 0.28 0.34 0.43 0.40 0.39 0.40 2.73 1.10
Residential 8.21 7.32 8.31 8.84 9.47 9.13 9.66 0.07 1.01
Coal 1.54 1.29 0.92 0.32 0.20 0.17 0.18 -2.97 -10.29
Oil 4.37 3.15 2.47 2.43 2.37 2.32 2.45 -3.30 -0.06
Gas 0.62 0.59 1.11 1.67 1.98 1.90 2.06 3.51 4.19
Comb. Renew/Wastes 0.93 1.21 1.98 2.04 2.21 2.19 2.33 4.53 1.09
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.01 0.05 0.07 0.07 0.08 - 13.57
Electricity 0.75 1.08 1.46 1.60 1.77 1.64 1.67 4.03 0.91
Heat - - 0.35 0.73 0.87 0.84 0.89 - 6.41
Comm & Public Services 0.71 2.63 2.52 3.83 4.89 4.71 4.57 7.74 4.07
Coal 0.06 0.15 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.06 0.05 -4.11 3.95
Oil 0.02 1.22 0.57 0.65 1.44 0.89 0.94 22.04 3.38
Gas 0.07 0.43 0.27 0.75 0.96 1.13 0.92 8.32 8.59
Comb. Renew/Waste - - 0.11 0.10 0.12 0.14 0.14 - 1.66
Geothermal - - 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 - 3.66
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.01 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.05 - 11.89
Electricity 0.56 0.83 1.12 1.68 1.74 1.77 1.80 4.15 3.24
Heat - - 0.40 0.58 0.51 0.66 0.66 - 3.30
Non-Energy Use 1.76 2.31 2.21 2.25 2.39 2.35 2.22 1.32 0.04
Coal 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.01 12.38 0.13
Oil 1.57 1.57 1.69 1.88 1.99 1.98 1.84 0.42 0.58
Gas 0.19 0.73 0.50 0.35 0.38 0.35 0.36 5.85 -2.13
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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5. COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

Production 1.5 1.2 0.9 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.0 -2.7 -41.4
Imports 4.4 4.0 4.5 4.4 5.7 5.7 5.4 0.2 1.5
Exports -0.1 -0.0 -0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.0 -0.1 -17.0 15.1
Stock Changes -0.2 0.0 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.3 x x
Primary Supply 5.5 5.2 5.9 5.1 5.8 5.8 5.7 0.3 -0.1
Statistical Difference 0.0 0.0 - -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 .. x x
Total Transformation -2.4 e -2.3 e -3.4 e -3.2 e -4.0 e -4.0 e .. 2.1 1.2
Electricity and Heat Gen. -1.2 -1.2 -2.4 -2.1 -2.9 -2.6 .. 4.0 0.5
Main activity producers (1) -1.0 -1.0 -2.1 -1.7 -2.4 -2.1 .. 4.2 0.0
Autoproducers -0.2 -0.2 -0.3 -0.4 -0.5 -0.5 .. 3.3 3.1
Gas Works -0.1 -0.1 - - - - .. - -
(2)
Coal Transformation -1.1 e -1.0 e -0.9 e -1.1 e -1.1 e -1.4 e .. -0.6 2.6
BKB plants 0.1 - - - - - .. - -
Blast Furnaces -1.0 e -0.9 e -0.8 e -1.0 e -1.0 e -1.3 e .. -1.5 3.0
Coke Ovens -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 .. 3.0 -0.2
Patent Fuel plants - - - - - - .. - -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - .. - -
Own use -0.2 -0.1 -0.7 -0.7 -0.8 -0.8 .. 6.1 1.3
Distribution Losses -0.1 -0.0 - - -0.1 -0.0 .. x x
(4)
Final Consumption 2.8 2.8 1.8 1.2 1.0 0.9 .. -2.6 -4.4
(5)
Industry sector 1.1 1.3 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 .. -1.5 -1.4
Iron and Steel 0.7 e 1.1 e 0.5 e 0.4 e 0.4 e 0.4 e .. -2.5 -2.0
Chemical 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 .. -1.3 5.2
Non-metallic minerals 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 .. 7.5 -2.2
Paper, pulp and print 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 .. 4.4 1.8
Transport sector(6) 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 - - .. -21.1 -
(7)
Other Sectors 1.6 1.4 1.0 0.4 0.2 0.2 .. -2.9 -8.9
Comm. and pub. services 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 .. -4.1 3.9
Residential 1.5 1.3 0.9 0.3 0.2 0.2 .. -3.0 -10.3
Non-energy Use 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. 12.4 0.1
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by
* the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

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6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES*

(million tonnes) Average annual
percent change
1978 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 78-90 90-05
Steam Coal 0.37 0.50 1.82 1.85 2.42 2.43 2.14 14.21 1.08
Total Electricity and Heat 0.00 0.02 1.42 1.42 2.14 2.15 1.89 83.11 1.91
Main activity producers 0.00 0.02 1.37 1.36 2.09 2.10 1.84 82.59 1.98
Autoproducers - 0.00 0.05 0.06 0.05 0.05 0.04 - -0.73
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector 0.04 0.07 0.21 0.32 0.21 0.22 0.21 15.22 0.16
Iron and Steel 0.01 0.03 - - - - - - -
Chemical - - 0.01 0.06 0.07 0.06 0.04 - 11.33
Non-metallic minerals 0.02 0.03 0.20 0.17 0.08 0.08 0.09 21.10 -5.08
Paper, Pulp and Print - - 0.00 0.09 0.07 0.08 0.09 - 28.60
Other industry 0.00 0.01 - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 0.32 0.41 0.19 0.08 0.07 0.05 0.04 -4.28 -9.62
Non-energy use - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - - -
Coking Coal 2.01 2.37 2.34 1.88 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.28 -1.37
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens 2.01 2.37 2.34 1.88 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.28 -1.37
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector - - - - - - - - -
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal/Lignite 2.99 3.27 2.50 1.36 1.63 1.19 1.27 -1.47 -4.42
Total Electricity and Heat 2.03 2.42 2.13 1.21 1.48 1.04 1.14 0.43 -4.12
Main activity producers 1.99 2.34 2.08 1.18 1.45 1.01 1.12 0.37 -4.07
Autoproducers 0.04 0.09 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.02 2.75 -6.41
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture 0.03 - - - - - - - -
Industry sector 0.21 0.16 0.15 0.11 0.14 0.14 0.13 -2.72 -1.12
Iron and Steel 0.01 0.01 - - - - - - -
Chemical 0.00 0.01 - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.04 0.07 0.07 0.07 2.69 13.02
Paper, Pulp and Print 0.15 0.12 0.13 0.07 0.07 0.08 0.06 -1.05 -5.60
Other industry 0.03 0.03 0.00 - - - - -15.69 -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 0.63 0.68 0.22 0.04 0.01 0.01 0.01 -8.51 -18.55
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

(US Dollars / tce)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal 173.19 176.96 80.98 56.94 55.78 68.29 151.88 158.48 156.77
Heavy Fuel Oil 69.15 120.07 92.64 51.28 70.28 106.76 111.81 132.84 158.25
Natural Gas 74.24 164.82 115.57 .. .. .. .. .. ..
For Industry
Steam Coal 90.20 119.83 78.84 54.73 75.33 87.64 171.25 178.69 176.37
Coking Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 74.62 131.06 87.74 .. .. .. .. .. ..
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. 128.14 129.11 163.73 193.84 258.08 305.52
Natural Gas 73.76 118.88 121.26 .. .. .. .. .. ..

(Euro / unit)(2)
For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal 172.67 157.05 63.15 58.33 55.88 57.06 115.43 120.45 117.97
Heavy Fuel Oil 100.14 154.79 104.94 76.31 102.26 129.58 123.44 146.66 172.97
Natural Gas 100.80 199.20 122.74 .. .. .. .. .. ..
For Industry
Steam Coal 93.75 110.87 64.10 58.45 78.67 76.34 135.69 141.58 138.36
Coking Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 108.06 168.96 99.39 .. .. .. .. .. ..
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. 190.67 187.86 198.72 214.00 284.92 333.95
Natural Gas 100.14 143.67 128.78 .. .. .. .. .. ..
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL*

(Mtce)

1973 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Imports 4.38 4.01 4.54 4.36 5.00 5.07 5.69 5.71 5.38
Hard Coal 2.87 2.71 3.53 3.32 3.88 3.81 4.35 4.22 4.00
Coking Coal .. 2.23 2.36 1.72 1.85 1.84 1.77 2.05 1.79
Steam Coal .. 0.48 1.18 1.60 2.03 1.97 2.57 2.17 2.21
Brown Coal / Lignite 0.20 0.12 0.01 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.07
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 1.31 1.18 0.99 1.01 1.08 1.20 1.28 1.42 1.30

Total Exports 0.08 0.01 0.00 0.07 0.04 0.07 0.08 0.03 0.06
Hard Coal - - - - - - 0.02 0.00 0.00
Coking Coal .. - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal .. - - - - - 0.02 0.00 0.00
Brown Coal / Lignite 0.00 0.01 0.00 - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.04 0.07 0.06 0.03 0.05
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

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9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Hard Coal 2307 2878 3609 3410 4031 3959 4448 4325 4108

Coking Coal 2006 2371 2376 1738 1864 1858 1789 2063 1805
Australia - - - - 34 3 8 - -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic 662 808 746 1187 1256 1202 1086 992 960
Germany 205 73 - - - - - 9 -
Poland 470 567 566 551 572 652 615 519 845
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States - 189 456 - 2 1 - 501 -
Other OECD - - - - - - - - -

China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -

Colombia - - - - - - - - -
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - - - - - - - -
Former USSR(2) 669 734 - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - 608 - - - 80 31 -
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - 11 -
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - - -

Steam Coal 301 507 1233 1672 2167 2101 2659 2262 2303
Australia - - - - - - - - -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - 307 450 560 1074 922 501
Germany 8 10 29 6 9 2 3 8 11
Poland 260 411 1189 1359 1707 1537 1572 1316 1241
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States - - - - - - - - 501
Other OECD - - 9 - - - - 1 -

China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -

Colombia - - - - - - - - -
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - 6 - - - 4 10 1
Former USSR(2) 33 48 - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - - - - - - 31
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - 1 1 5 5 16
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - 1 - - -
Non-Specified/Other - 38 - - - - 1 - 1
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN*

(Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne)

1988 1990 1995 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Coking Coal(1) .. .. 214.20 120.42 53.84 71.17 98.33 85.39 206.11

Imports from:
Australia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Canada .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Czech Republic .. .. .. .. 53.93 .. 98.50 242.07 206.11
Poland .. .. .. .. 25.87 .. .. .. ..
United States .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
China .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Colombia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
South Africa .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Former USSR(2) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

Steam Coal(3) .. .. 66.80 54.29 56.96 66.78 85.27 116.18 106.63

Imports from:
Australia .. .. .. 64.19 62.37 .. 9110.53 .. ..
Canada .. .. .. .. .. 67.46 .. 406.70 401.61
Czech Republic .. .. 63.72 54.68 56.29 70.46 90.16 129.52 115.10
Poland .. .. 73.62 53.64 57.13 63.38 81.75 100.29 95.32
United States .. .. .. .. 84.11 .. 1198.19 155.09 141.99
China .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 291.30
Colombia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
South Africa .. .. .. .. 29.21 .. .. 133.90 ..
Former USSR(2) .. .. .. .. .. 93.29 128.71 70.33 84.00
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.
(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade.
(2) Former USSR until 1991, Russia starting in 1992.
(3) Bituminous steam coal only. Weighted average of individual countries using volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce) Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)
90 120

80
100
70

60 80

50
60
40

30 40

20
20
10

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal/TPES
Coal Oil Gas Nuclear Renewables Coal/Population
Coal/GDP

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

20 20
18 18
16 16
14 14
12 12
10 10
8 8
6 6
4 4
2 2
0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Production Coal Supply Electricity and Heat Other Transformation
Exports Imports Industry Other Use

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh) Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2)
90 160
80
140
70
120
60
100
50
80
40
60
30

20 40

10 20

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal Oil Gas Hydro Nuclear Other Coal Oil Gas Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

TPES (Mtce) 66.17 67.16 70.23 84.41 83.00 80.93 80.33 0.35 0.95
Coal 15.97 16.28 15.22 11.35 8.26 7.27 6.92 -0.28 -4.81
Oil 40.03 33.69 26.78 33.96 32.89 32.56 32.22 -2.34 1.31
Gas 10.20 12.73 11.67 19.09 21.08 20.16 20.06 0.79 3.71
Comb. Renew/Waste 0.01 0.08 1.08 1.48 2.13 2.29 2.36 30.09 5.15
Nuclear 0.03 4.67 15.91 17.93 17.61 17.72 17.32 45.13 0.72
Hydro 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.06 0.04 0.04 0.04 2.63 0.53
Geothermal - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - 3.68
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.03 0.07 - 20.05
Net Electricity trade(1) -0.09 -0.32 -0.46 0.53 0.96 0.77 1.25 9.84 -
Heat(2) - - - - - 0.10 0.10 - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries.
(2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

GDP (2000 bil. US$) 128 154 188 232 246 249 257 2.28 1.90
TPES/GDP(1) 0.52 0.44 0.37 0.36 0.34 0.32 0.31 -1.88 -0.94
Population (millions) 9.7 9.8 10.0 10.2 10.4 10.5 10.5 0.15 0.33
TPES/population(1) 6.80 6.83 7.05 8.24 7.97 7.73 7.66 0.21 0.62
TPES/GDP(2) 141.9 119.9 102.7 100.0 92.6 89.2 85.8 -1.88 -0.94
Coal Supply/GDP(2) 254.8 216.1 165.5 100.0 68.6 59.5 55.0 -2.51 -6.59
Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 79.9 84.2 92.3 100.0 97.9 96.2 .. 0.86 0.28
Elec. Generation (TWh) 41 53 70 83 84 86 85 3.28 1.33
Industrial Production(2) 65.6 70.6 85.9 100.0 104.3 103.9 109.3 1.60 1.28
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators
(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita.
(2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Average annual
percent change
1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 78-90 90-05

Mtce:
Coking Coal 3.81 4.04 - - - - - - -
Steam Coal 3.19 2.69 1.69 0.29 0.14 0.08 0.02 -5.18 -18.28
Brown Coal - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -

Mt:
Coking Coal 3.81 4.04 - - - - - - -
Steam Coal 4.90 3.98 2.36 0.38 0.18 0.11 0.03 -5.92 -18.53
Brown Coal - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
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4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL*

(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 73-90 90-05
(1)
TFC 49.36 47.13 47.51 60.66 61.12 59.09 58.03 -0.22 1.34
Coal 8.15 6.05 5.05 3.75 2.37 2.09 1.79 -2.78 -6.68
Oil 29.98 25.08 24.75 31.40 32.23 29.90 29.82 -1.12 1.25
Gas 6.58 10.11 9.74 14.52 14.99 15.44 14.85 2.34 2.85
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - 0.54 0.76 0.99 1.01 1.10 - 4.89
Geothermal - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - 1.14
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - 8.12
Electricity 4.20 5.33 7.12 9.53 9.80 9.90 9.85 3.15 2.19
Heat 0.46 0.56 0.31 0.70 0.73 0.74 0.61 -2.17 4.54
of which:
Total Industry 19.50 16.10 15.03 18.42 16.76 16.02 15.05 -1.52 0.01
Coal 5.06 4.57 4.30 3.46 2.16 1.86 1.61 -0.95 -6.35
Oil 7.55 3.75 2.32 2.32 2.05 1.57 1.54 -6.71 -2.68
Gas 3.68 4.33 4.12 6.58 6.26 6.32 5.71 0.67 2.20
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - 0.27 0.54 0.72 0.74 0.82 - 7.57
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 2.75 2.94 3.75 4.90 4.92 4.96 4.84 1.83 1.72
Heat 0.46 0.51 0.27 0.61 0.64 0.57 0.53 -3.08 4.67
Total Transport 7.20 8.47 11.26 14.08 14.83 14.93 14.46 2.67 1.68
Coal 0.02 0.00 - - - - - - -
Oil 7.08 8.35 11.11 13.90 14.65 14.75 14.25 2.68 1.68
Gas - - - - - - - - -
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 0.10 0.12 0.15 0.18 0.18 0.19 0.21 2.53 2.06
Residential 15.95 13.82 11.91 13.63 14.19 14.40 14.26 -1.70 1.21
Coal 3.07 1.47 0.75 0.28 0.21 0.19 0.18 -7.99 -8.92
Oil 10.39 7.13 5.07 5.48 5.34 5.28 5.26 -4.14 0.25
Gas 1.56 3.58 3.55 4.70 5.14 5.38 5.32 4.95 2.74
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - 0.26 0.22 0.27 0.27 0.27 - 0.24
Geothermal - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -
Electricity 0.93 1.61 2.26 2.92 3.20 3.26 3.20 5.34 2.33
Heat - 0.02 0.03 0.02 e 0.02 0.02 0.02 - -1.62
Comm & Public Services 1.52 4.29 4.14 4.94 5.84 5.83 5.96 6.05 2.47
Coal - - - - - - - - -
Oil 0.60 2.27 1.68 1.21 1.97 1.81 1.84 6.28 0.62
Gas 0.51 1.34 1.48 2.21 2.38 2.52 2.53 6.42 3.65
Comb. Renew/Waste - - - 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 - -
Geothermal - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -
Electricity 0.41 0.65 0.96 1.50 1.46 1.47 1.56 5.08 3.31
Heat - 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 - -1.17
Non-Energy Use 4.54 3.72 4.47 8.55 7.72 6.81 7.05 -0.09 3.09
Coal - - - - - - - - -
Oil 3.71 2.86 3.87 7.52 6.51 5.59 5.78 0.24 2.72
Gas 0.83 0.86 0.60 1.03 1.21 1.22 1.26 -1.87 5.11
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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5. COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

Production 9.2 6.7 1.7 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.0 -9.5 -18.3
Imports 7.6 11.5 15.5 11.9 9.6 8.5 7.8 4.3 -3.9
Exports -1.1 -1.2 -1.6 -1.6 -1.2 -1.1 -1.1 2.2 -2.5
Stock Changes 0.3 -0.7 -0.3 0.7 -0.3 -0.2 0.2 x x
Primary Supply 16.0 16.3 15.2 11.4 8.3 7.3 6.9 -0.3 -4.8
Statistical Difference 1.5 -0.3 -0.0 -0.5 -0.4 -0.1 .. x x
Total Transformation -8.2 e -9.1 e -9.5 e -6.7 e -5.4 e -5.1 e .. 0.8 -4.0
Electricity and Heat Gen. -3.9 -5.5 -6.6 -4.7 -3.3 -3.4 .. 3.1 -4.4
Main activity producers (1) -3.9 -4.8 -6.0 -4.5 -3.3 -3.2 .. 2.5 -4.0
Autoproducers - -0.7 -0.6 -0.2 -0.0 -0.1 .. - -9.9
Gas Works -0.0 - - - - - .. - -
(2)
Coal Transformation -4.2 e -3.6 e -2.9 e -2.0 e -2.1 e -1.7 e .. -2.3 -3.3
BKB plants - - - - - - .. - -
Blast Furnaces -3.8 e -2.9 e -2.3 e -2.0 e -2.0 e -1.7 e .. -2.7 -2.0
Coke Ovens -0.6 -0.8 -0.5 -0.0 -0.1 -0.0 .. -0.6 -28.0
Patent Fuel plants 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. -34.9 19.8
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - .. - -
Own use -1.1 -0.8 -0.7 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 .. -2.6 -4.9
Distribution Losses - - - - - - .. x x
(4)
Final Consumption 8.2 6.1 5.0 3.7 2.1 1.8 .. -2.8 -6.7
(5)
Industry sector 5.1 4.6 4.3 3.5 1.9 1.6 .. -1.0 -6.4
Iron and Steel 3.5 e 2.9 e 2.9 e 2.8 e 1.4 e 1.2 e .. -1.1 -5.9
Chemical 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. 2.2 -17.3
Non-metallic minerals 1.0 1.5 0.8 0.5 0.2 0.2 .. -1.0 -8.7
Paper, pulp and print - 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. - -1.3
Transport sector(6) 0.0 0.0 - - - - .. - -
(7)
Other Sectors 3.1 1.5 0.7 0.3 0.2 0.2 .. -8.0 -8.9
Comm. and pub. services - - - - - - .. - -
Residential 3.1 1.5 0.7 0.3 0.2 0.2 .. -8.0 -8.9
Non-energy Use - - - - - - .. - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by
* the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

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6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES*

(million tonnes) Average annual
percent change
1978 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 78-90 90-05
Steam Coal 8.76 8.99 9.00 7.00 5.25 4.76 4.29 0.22 -4.82
Total Electricity and Heat 4.44 5.49 6.64 4.37 3.62 2.97 3.05 3.41 -5.06
Main activity producers 4.18 5.17 6.34 4.31 3.58 2.93 2.98 3.53 -4.90
Autoproducers 0.26 0.32 0.30 0.07 0.04 0.04 0.06 1.22 -9.90
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants 0.12 0.07 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 -32.76 13.85
Coke Ovens 0.03 - - - - - - - -
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - 0.41 0.98 0.65 0.59 0.48 - 0.98
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector 2.66 2.15 1.37 0.98 0.30 0.35 0.36 -5.39 -8.48
Iron and Steel 0.17 0.08 0.10 0.48 0.07 0.05 0.12 -4.36 1.18
Chemical 0.03 0.03 0.14 - - 0.01 0.01 13.74 -18.78
Non-metallic minerals 2.44 2.02 0.87 0.36 0.11 0.17 0.12 -8.25 -12.55
Paper, Pulp and Print - - 0.05 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.04 - -0.44
Other industry 0.02 0.02 0.22 0.10 0.08 0.07 0.08 20.19 -6.62
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 1.63 1.33 0.70 0.30 0.23 0.20 0.19 -6.77 -8.43
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Coking Coal 7.52 8.01 7.16 4.05 3.41 3.63 3.26 -0.42 -5.10
Total Electricity and Heat 0.20 - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers 0.18 - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers 0.02 - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens 7.19 7.95 7.16 3.86 3.58 3.65 3.37 -0.03 -4.89
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector 0.00 0.00 - - - - - - -
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals 0.00 0.00 - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 0.00 0.00 - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal/Lignite - 0.10 0.28 0.22 0.19 0.19 0.21 - -1.93
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector - 0.10 0.28 0.22 0.19 0.19 0.21 - -1.93
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - 0.01 0.01 - -
Non-metallic minerals - 0.10 0.28 0.22 0.15 0.14 0.15 - -3.90
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - - - 0.04 0.04 0.05 - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

(US Dollars / tce)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal 53.08 62.51 59.60 42.95 45.21 47.13 95.02 105.36 82.93
Heavy Fuel Oil 66.67 128.76 91.13 129.79 115.17 x x x x
Natural Gas 65.42 123.12 96.10 c c c c c c
For Industry
Steam Coal 29.62 42.87 55.41 .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal 63.67 66.51 61.72 47.21 .. .. .. .. ..
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 66.67 128.76 91.13 129.79 115.17 x x x x
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. 102.02 117.76 109.70 156.32 154.04 220.57 251.62
Natural Gas 71.79 117.89 112.22 c c c c c c

(Euro / unit)(2)
For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal 31.61 34.56 37.68 35.54 36.58 31.81 58.33 64.68 50.40
Heavy Fuel Oil 72.53 130.02 105.23 196.15 170.20 x x x x
Natural Gas 65.69 114.77 102.43 c c c c c c
For Industry
Steam Coal 18.34 24.64 36.42 .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal 49.73 48.22 51.17 51.22 .. .. .. .. ..
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 72.53 130.02 105.23 196.15 170.20 x x x x
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. 117.80 177.97 162.12 192.69 172.72 247.31 279.32
Natural Gas 72.09 109.89 119.61 c c c c c c
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL*

(Mtce)

1973 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Imports 7.60 11.50 15.45 11.94 9.74 9.23 9.62 8.46 7.77
Hard Coal 6.36 10.13 14.37 10.66 9.31 8.87 9.20 8.14 7.47
Coking Coal .. 4.17 7.13 3.82 3.36 3.22 3.58 3.53 3.49
Steam Coal .. 5.97 7.24 6.84 5.95 5.65 5.62 4.61 3.98
Brown Coal / Lignite - 0.03 0.20 0.16 0.15 0.14 0.14 0.15 0.21
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 1.24 1.33 0.88 1.12 0.28 0.22 0.28 0.17 0.08

Total Exports 1.10 1.23 1.60 1.59 1.95 0.94 1.23 1.10 1.09
Hard Coal 0.60 0.47 0.68 1.28 1.80 0.83 1.14 1.06 0.91
Coking Coal .. 0.18 - 0.09 0.01 0.01 - 0.03 0.01
Steam Coal .. 0.30 0.68 1.20 1.79 0.82 1.14 1.03 0.90
Brown Coal / Lignite - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 0.50 0.76 0.92 0.30 0.15 0.12 0.09 0.03 0.18
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

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9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Hard Coal 7007 10139 14761 11347 9906 9390 9790 8804 8034

Coking Coal 3490 4168 7132 3818 3363 3220 3577 3533 3490
Australia 209 206 1015 1109 1431 1436 1800 2003 1979
Canada 148 - 236 678 321 377 404 227 224
Czech Republic 59 25 - - - - - - -
Germany 1751 783 690 - - - 89 - -
Poland 392 422 105 74 122 8 49 - -
United Kingdom 22 - 32 - - - - - -
United States 833 2719 4897 1898 1365 1352 1157 1303 1287
Other OECD 15 13 - - 2 - - - -

China, People's Rep. - - - - 77 16 - - -

Colombia - - - - - - - - -
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa 15 - 157 59 - 13 78 - -
Former USSR(2) 46 - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - - 1 9 - - -
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - - -
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - - 44 9 - - -

Steam Coal 3517 5971 7629 7529 6543 6170 6213 5271 4544
Australia - 51 388 2354 1146 903 823 947 860
Canada 26 - 66 12 - - - 43 34
Czech Republic - 14 - - - - - - -
Germany 2316 1563 721 118 75 60 91 155 119
Poland 105 162 242 225 418 53 297 436 413
United Kingdom 129 217 67 76 56 79 51 62 43
United States - 1436 981 309 475 383 502 411 376
Other OECD 72 239 60 48 46 46 41 29 25

China, People's Rep. - - 292 167 153 75 36 58 36

Colombia - - 170 431 314 12 64 5 3
Indonesia - - 6 11 - - - - -
South Africa 606 2050 4365 3028 2798 3594 3016 2081 1856
Former USSR(2) 233 216 - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - 234 705 968 906 1263 944 694
Other Former USSR (3) - - - 19 - - - - -
Venezuela - - 1 3 74 9 4 - -
Vietnam - - - 23 19 35 25 98 84
Non-Specified/Other 30 23 36 - 1 15 - 2 1
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Exports 122 305 724 1340 2003 954 1314 1199 1047
Exports to:
Total OECD 122 291 724 1340 1930 953 1313 1199 1047
Australia - - - - - - - - -
Austria - - - - 1 - - - -
Belgium - - - - - - - - -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Denmark - - 1 - - - - - -
Finland - - - 2 - - - - -
France 61 55 360 609 456 326 418 377 309
Germany 1 162 67 495 517 498 518 334 279
Greece - - - - 48 - - 2 2
Hungary - - - - - - - - -
Iceland - - - - - - - - -
Ireland - - - 7 9 4 3 - -
Italy - 5 5 - - - - - -
Japan - - 61 - - - - - -
Korea - - - - - - - - -
Luxembourg 21 2 - 40 51 47 42 37 31
Mexico - - - - - - - - -
Netherlands 1 22 179 136 754 31 318 423 404
New Zealand - - - - - - - - -
Norway 13 15 - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
Portugal 6 - 4 - - - - - -
Slovak Republic - - - - - - - - -
Spain 18 13 43 6 2 11 - - -
Sweden - 13 - 15 16 15 4 17 14
Switzerland 1 4 - 15 72 20 8 7 6
Turkey - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - 4 15 4 1 2 2 2
United States - - - - - - - - -

Total Non-OECD - - - - - - - - -
Brazil - - - - - - - - -
Chinese Taipei - - - - - - - - -
Egypt - - - - - - - - -
Hong Kong, China - - - - - - - - -
India - - - - - - - - -
Israel - - - - - - - - -
Romania - - - - - - - - -
Oth. Africa & Mid. East - - - - - - - - -
Other Latin America - - - - - - - - -
Other Asia & Oceania - - - - - - - - -
Other Eastern Europe - - - - - - - - -

Non-Specified/Other - 14 - - 73 1 1 - -
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN*

(Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne)

1988 1990 1995 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Coking Coal(1) 57.09 63.93 57.74 48.67 46.59 49.25 78.98 108.68 126.85
Imports from:
Australia 53.70 63.54 58.30 50.34 48.38 53.92 75.15 125.12 150.51
Canada .. 63.80 56.91 50.67 51.99 64.65 73.50 148.24 153.27
Czech Republic .. 254.00 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Poland 46.04 60.08 57.96 36.18 34.51 .. 105.22 133.14 131.24
United States 56.70 62.61 58.28 52.46 51.61 53.59 69.24 96.51 101.04
China .. .. 63.59 63.10 59.74 .. 309.94 285.09 229.39
Colombia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
South Africa .. 54.18 49.03 41.78 32.38 35.41 49.63 67.23 59.63
Former USSR(2) .. .. .. .. 47.63 .. 132.29 75.13 67.34

Steam Coal(3) 41.23 45.57 47.94 46.96 39.34 39.76 66.29 70.83 70.95
Imports from:
Australia 39.75 50.57 45.93 46.71 53.13 .. 75.32 97.75 100.18
Canada 69.05 57.14 66.64 .. .. .. .. 102.49 ..
Czech Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Poland 66.44 48.40 46.66 36.01 35.68 33.70 69.33 63.56 57.55
United States 47.55 51.01 49.77 54.86 60.49 55.26 73.93 .. 66.92
China 44.97 48.49 45.65 51.04 80.34 56.59 72.40 .. ..
Colombia 39.77 51.92 53.17 44.36 39.27 49.82 62.64 73.98 68.14
South Africa 38.92 44.88 43.64 41.36 37.06 36.54 64.17 68.15 66.67
Former USSR(2) .. 44.83 43.65 42.59 34.31 37.70 71.06 67.19 63.23
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.
(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade.
(2) Former USSR until 1991, Russia starting in 1992.
(3) Bituminous steam coal only. Weighted average of individual countries using volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce) Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)
450 140

400
120
350
100
300

250 80

200 60

150
40
100
20
50

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal/TPES
Coal Oil Gas Nuclear Renewables Coal/Population
Coal/GDP

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

70 50
45
60
40
50 35

40 30
25
30
20

20 15
10
10
5
0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Production Coal Supply Electricity and Heat Other Transformation
Exports Imports Industry Other Use

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh) Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2)
700 600

600
500

500
400
400
300
300

200
200

100 100

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal Oil Gas Hydro Nuclear Other Coal Oil Gas Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

TPES (Mtce) 228.34 275.71 299.16 355.97 383.86 388.51 385.62 1.60 1.76
Coal 21.80 30.32 34.68 41.19 40.63 39.97 37.02 2.77 0.95
Oil 114.12 127.03 110.47 125.39 139.93 139.10 133.89 -0.19 1.55
Gas 53.25 65.07 78.18 106.05 111.43 115.19 119.33 2.28 2.62
Comb. Renew/Waste 11.16 10.92 11.70 16.53 17.55 18.06 18.32 0.28 2.94
Nuclear 5.82 14.86 27.71 27.10 33.65 34.27 35.82 9.62 1.43
Hydro 23.91 30.86 36.46 44.05 41.87 44.66 43.65 2.51 1.36
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.00 0.04 e 0.12 0.19 0.18 - 31.15
Net Electricity trade(1) -1.72 -3.35 -0.04 -4.38 -1.33 -2.93 -2.60 -19.53 32.53
Heat(2) - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries.
(2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

GDP (2000 bil. US$) 325 412 544 725 799 822 845 3.07 2.80
TPES/GDP(1) 0.70 0.67 0.55 0.49 0.48 0.47 0.46 -1.42 -1.01
Population (millions) 22.5 24.5 27.7 30.7 32.0 32.3 32.5 1.23 1.02
TPES/population(1) 10.15 11.25 10.80 11.60 12.01 12.04 11.86 0.36 0.73
TPES/GDP(2) 143.0 136.3 112.1 100.0 97.8 96.2 92.9 -1.42 -1.01
Coal Supply/GDP(2) 118.0 129.5 112.3 100.0 89.5 85.5 77.1 -0.29 -1.80
Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 101.9 110.8 115.8 100.0 95.5 93.5 .. 0.75 -1.41
Elec. Generation (TWh) 270 373 482 605 600 628 616 3.47 1.78
Industrial Production(2) 50.9 55.8 69.1 100.0 100.1 101.4 100.7 1.81 2.59
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators
(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita.
(2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Average annual
percent change
1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 78-90 90-05

Mtce:
Coking Coal 13.39 13.75 27.17 23.92 21.66 e 22.60 e 20.79 6.07 -1.22
Steam Coal 3.25 5.82 9.83 4.79 3.33 e 1.72 e 1.62 9.66 -10.98
Brown Coal 7.82 9.72 17.18 20.44 20.97 21.07 21.04 6.78 1.37
Peat - - - - - - - - -

Mt:
Coking Coal 13.78 14.15 27.66 28.16 25.51 e 26.61 e 24.48 5.98 -0.26
Steam Coal 3.36 6.02 10.01 5.64 3.75 e 1.97 e 1.86 9.52 -10.26
Brown Coal 13.34 16.52 30.66 35.36 36.74 36.76 36.59 7.18 1.22
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
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4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL*

(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 73-90 90-05
(1)
TFC 188.68 222.66 228.76 272.56 282.10 289.23 287.61 1.14 1.54
Coal 7.46 6.18 4.41 5.02 4.69 5.00 4.88 -3.04 0.67
Oil 109.27 115.41 99.80 117.09 124.80 130.88 130.86 -0.53 1.82
Gas 33.89 51.75 61.86 76.30 75.85 75.09 72.88 3.60 1.10
Comb. Renew/Wastes 10.88 10.60 10.42 13.84 13.88 14.66 15.06 -0.25 2.48
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 27.04 37.25 51.36 59.16 61.53 62.26 62.75 3.85 1.34
Heat 0.14 1.47 0.91 1.16 1.34 1.34 1.18 11.78 1.76
of which:
Total Industry 64.79 71.61 67.35 78.63 79.16 80.78 78.52 0.23 1.03
Coal 6.71 5.85 3.87 4.59 4.30 4.57 4.49 -3.18 0.98
Oil 19.83 16.65 9.75 9.30 8.89 9.18 9.21 -4.09 -0.37
Gas 16.95 23.14 24.07 27.59 28.18 28.46 25.81 2.08 0.47
Comb. Renew/Wastes 8.15 7.87 8.13 11.03 11.04 11.82 11.90 -0.02 2.57
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 13.01 16.67 20.63 24.98 25.42 25.44 25.96 2.75 1.54
Heat 0.14 1.43 0.90 1.15 1.33 1.32 1.16 11.73 1.70
Total Transport 48.83 64.15 63.11 76.25 76.97 79.50 81.05 1.52 1.68
Coal 0.18 - - - - - - - -
Oil 48.26 61.54 58.57 68.71 70.75 73.62 74.15 1.15 1.58
Gas - 2.33 4.14 6.79 5.50 5.15 6.14 - 2.67
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - 0.19 0.20 0.20 0.24 - -
Electricity 0.40 0.28 0.40 0.56 0.51 0.52 0.52 0.06 1.77
Residential 36.59 40.64 41.28 44.16 45.82 45.05 44.79 0.71 0.54
Coal 0.57 0.11 0.07 0.05 0.03 e 0.04 e 0.04 e -11.87 -4.08
Oil 18.17 14.89 6.75 4.71 4.39 3.84 3.44 -5.66 -4.40
Gas 8.73 12.49 16.22 19.80 20.57 19.99 19.85 3.71 1.35
Comb. Renew/Wastes 2.73 2.73 e 2.30 2.62 2.63 2.64 e 2.91 -1.01 1.60
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 6.38 10.42 15.95 16.98 18.18 18.55 18.55 5.54 1.01
Heat - - 0.00 - - - 0.00 - 11.30
Comm & Public Services 24.20 26.19 31.12 39.28 43.87 44.37 44.41 1.49 2.40
Coal 0.00 0.04 0.01 0.00 - - - 6.38 -
Oil 9.00 7.15 5.91 8.36 11.55 12.07 12.43 -2.45 5.09
Gas 8.20 10.05 11.89 15.45 16.12 15.78 15.50 2.21 1.79
Comb. Renew/Waste - - - - - - - - -
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 7.00 8.92 13.31 15.46 16.19 16.50 16.46 3.86 1.42
Heat - 0.04 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 - 6.87
Non-Energy Use 10.69 16.55 21.22 28.17 31.09 34.33 33.68 4.12 3.13
Coal - 0.18 0.47 0.38 0.36 0.39 0.36 - -1.75
Oil 10.69 13.04 15.92 21.96 25.95 28.88 28.35 2.37 3.92
Gas - 3.33 4.83 5.84 4.78 5.06 4.97 - 0.20
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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5. COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

Production 16.7 29.3 54.2 49.2 46.0 e 45.4 e 43.4 7.2 -1.2
Imports 15.0 15.4 13.6 17.8 15.7 e 16.7 e 17.0 -0.5 1.4
Exports -10.9 -14.9 -30.6 -27.9 -22.1 e -24.2 e -23.6 6.3 -1.6
Stock Changes 1.0 0.5 -2.5 2.1 1.1 e 2.1 e 0.2 x x
Primary Supply 21.8 30.3 34.7 41.2 40.6 40.0 37.0 2.8 1.0
Statistical Difference 0.5 0.1 0.2 4.1 -0.3 0.5 .. x x
Total Transformation -14.8 e -24.3 e -30.3 e -40.1 e -35.1 e -35.4 e .. 4.3 1.0
Electricity and Heat Gen. -11.9 -21.5 -28.5 -38.5 -33.4 e -33.8 e .. 5.3 1.1
Main activity producers (1) -11.9 -21.4 -28.5 -38.4 -33.2 e -33.6 e .. 5.3 1.1
Autoproducers - -0.0 -0.0 -0.1 -0.2 e -0.2 .. - 11.3
Gas Works - - - - - - .. - -
(2)
Coal Transformation -2.9 e -2.8 e -1.8 e -1.6 e -1.6 e -1.6 e .. -2.8 -0.9
BKB plants - - - - - - .. - -
Blast Furnaces -1.9 e -2.1 e -1.6 e -1.4 e -1.5 e -1.4 e .. -1.2 -0.5
Coke Ovens -1.0 -0.7 -0.3 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 .. -7.9 -3.4
Patent Fuel plants - - - - - - .. - -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - .. - -
Own use -0.1 -0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 e -0.2 e .. 2.6 2.3
Distribution Losses - - - - - - .. x x
(4)
Final Consumption 7.5 6.2 4.4 5.0 5.0 4.9 .. -3.0 0.7
(5)
Industry sector 6.7 5.9 3.9 4.6 4.6 4.5 .. -3.2 1.0
Iron and Steel 3.7 e 4.1 e 2.3 e 2.6 e 2.5 e 2.5 e .. -2.8 0.6
Chemical - 0.0 - - - - .. - -
Non-metallic minerals 0.7 0.3 0.7 1.0 1.1 e 1.0 e .. -0.0 2.6
Paper, pulp and print 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.0 e 0.0 e .. -4.4 -7.3
Transport sector(6) 0.2 - - - - - .. - -
(7)
Other Sectors 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 .. -11.4 -4.7
Comm. and pub. services 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - - .. 6.4 -
Residential 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 e 0.0 e .. -11.9 -4.1
Non-energy Use - 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 .. - -1.7
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by
* the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

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6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES*

(million tonnes) Average annual
percent change
1978 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 78-90 90-05
Steam Coal 11.51 14.04 13.86 13.82 10.99 14.05 11.04 1.56 -1.51
Total Electricity and Heat 10.30 12.66 12.21 15.75 11.99 10.89 10.24 1.42 -1.16
Main activity producers 10.29 12.65 12.19 15.74 11.99 10.89 10.24 1.42 -1.15
Autoproducers 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.00 - 2.12 -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - e - e - e - -
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector 1.41 1.52 1.22 1.74 1.80 1.93 1.82 -1.20 2.71
Iron and Steel 0.07 0.09 - - - - - - -
Chemical 0.26 0.05 - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals 0.36 0.35 0.69 1.03 1.16 1.19 1.10 5.41 3.21
Paper, Pulp and Print 0.28 0.22 0.09 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.01 -8.64 -13.88
Other industry 0.44 0.82 0.44 0.67 0.62 0.72 0.71 0.02 3.25
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 0.05 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.01 -0.95 -7.86
Non-energy use - 0.02 0.26 0.33 0.30 0.33 0.29 - 0.85
Coking Coal 6.78 7.32 5.02 4.46 5.64 4.59 4.07 -2.46 -1.40
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens 6.98 7.31 5.00 4.23 4.17 e 4.37 e 4.29 e -2.74 -1.01
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector - - - - - - - - -
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal/Lignite 13.17 15.91 30.26 40.47 46.40 40.94 45.41 7.18 2.74
Total Electricity and Heat 12.61 15.61 29.95 40.08 43.13 40.93 42.67 7.47 2.39
Main activity producers 12.61 15.61 29.95 40.08 43.13 40.93 42.67 7.47 2.39
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector 0.29 0.25 0.17 0.16 0.08 0.09 0.21 -4.25 1.25
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print 0.17 0.19 0.10 0.10 0.06 0.06 0.07 -4.60 -2.08
Other industry 0.12 0.06 0.08 0.07 0.02 0.03 0.14 -3.77 4.05
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 0.25 0.16 0.06 0.07 0.06 0.07 0.05 -11.22 -1.23
Non-energy use - - 0.09 0.14 0.15 0.16 0.16 - 4.12
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

(US Dollars / tce)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal 37.87 48.63 61.03 20.54 22.02 24.15 23.34 28.15 ..
Heavy Fuel Oil 51.09 58.24 .. 87.54 85.86 131.59 103.16 144.67 ..
Natural Gas 34.42 32.90 48.90 104.81 112.52 136.01 133.69 175.17 ..
For Industry
Steam Coal 43.97 42.76 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal 62.69 64.85 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 51.90 71.11 80.23 133.02 130.65 154.04 163.50 218.54 242.04
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas 43.29 50.90 65.09 69.85 97.49 163.43 173.88 228.83 ..

(Canadian Dollars / unit)(2)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal 37.62 49.49 62.00 26.55 30.10 29.44 26.44 29.70 ..
Heavy Fuel Oil 79.95 93.37 .. 178.28 184.87 252.66 184.06 240.46 ..
Natural Gas 50.49 49.45 73.37 200.12 227.12 244.81 223.63 272.97 ..
For Industry
Steam Coal 51.08 50.89 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal 73.20 77.58 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 81.21 114.01 128.41 270.90 281.30 295.75 291.72 363.25 376.43
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas 63.50 76.50 97.67 133.36 196.79 294.17 290.85 356.58 ..
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL*

(Mtce)

1973 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Imports 14.95 15.40 13.64 17.82 19.40 18.62 15.67 16.68 16.97
Hard Coal 14.62 15.15 13.32 14.47 14.07 12.91 11.51 11.43 10.27
Coking Coal .. 6.21 4.22 4.15 4.17 e 3.16 e 3.31 e 4.02 e 4.11
Steam Coal .. 8.94 9.10 10.32 9.90 e 9.75 e 8.20 e 7.40 e 6.16
Brown Coal / Lignite - - - 2.76 5.01 5.54 3.91 5.17 5.76
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 0.33 0.25 0.32 0.59 0.32 0.17 0.25 0.08 0.93

Total Exports 10.91 14.91 30.63 27.88 21.48 21.47 22.12 24.19 23.59
Hard Coal 10.56 14.84 30.45 27.60 21.29 21.35 21.94 23.97 23.35
Coking Coal .. 13.73 26.37 24.11 19.50 e 20.14 e 20.25 e 22.68 e 20.93
Steam Coal .. 1.10 4.07 3.49 1.79 e 1.21 e 1.68 e 1.29 e 2.43
Brown Coal / Lignite 0.00 - 0.00 - 0.06 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.14
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 0.34 0.07 0.18 0.28 0.13 0.06 0.12 0.14 0.10
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

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9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Hard Coal 14250 15634 14169 14984 14563 e 13577 e 12626 e 12639 e 11296

Coking Coal 5454 6389 4491 4296 4315 e 3272 e 3429 e 4164 e 4253
Australia - - - - - - - - -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States 5454 6389 4491 4296 4291 e 3264 e 3429 e 4155 e 4133
Other OECD - - - - - - - - -

China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -

Colombia - - - - 24 e 8 e - 9 e 7
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - - - - - - - -
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - - - - - - -
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - - -
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - - 113

Steam Coal 8796 9245 9678 10688 10248 e 10305 e 9197 e 8475 e 7043
Australia - - - - 16 e 13 e - - -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - 25 e 14 e - - -
Poland - - - - - 176 e - - -
United Kingdom - - - - 81 e 54 e - - -
United States 8796 9245 9639 10284 7607 e 7692 e 7371 e 6316 e 6043
Other OECD - - - - - 183 e - - -

China, People's Rep. - - - 155 604 e 663 e - 51 e 16

Colombia - - - - 1061 e 224 e 888 e 1307 e 277
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - - 61 - - - - -
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - 26 78 e 149 e 35 e 114 e 264
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - 81 e 64 e 169 e 62 e -
Venezuela - - 39 91 521 e 922 e 734 e 625 e 443
Vietnam - - - - - 20 e - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - 71 174 e 131 e - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Exports 13017 14127 26851 28386 22964 e 23716 e 23847 e 26710 e 24640
Exports to:
Total OECD 12217 12785 19684 22440 19861 e 19201 e 18487 e 21719 e 20792
Australia - - - - - - - - -
Austria - - - - - - - - -
Belgium 147 21 6 374 228 e 116 e 293 e 58 e -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Denmark - - - - - - - - -
Finland - - 41 - 147 e 197 e 200 e 516 e 494
France - - 379 585 259 e 324 e 388 e 494 e 372
Germany - 161 72 792 1046 e 1478 e 1814 e 1757 e 1680
Greece - 316 - - - - 553 e - -
Hungary - - - - - - - - -
Iceland - - - - - - - - -
Ireland - - - - - - - - -
Italy 164 48 159 1170 705 e 994 e 891 e 1469 e 1177
Japan 10934 10711 16569 12085 8926 e 7487 e 4883 e 6794 e 7225
Korea 668 1295 - 3851 3204 e 3268 e 3625 e 4770 e 4441
Luxembourg - - - - - - - - -
Mexico - 28 - 385 257 e 474 e 483 e 406 e 274
Netherlands - - 369 408 1036 e 1250 e 1139 e 807 e 994
New Zealand - - - - - - - - -
Norway - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
Portugal - - 519 - - - - - -
Slovak Republic - - - - - - - - -
Spain 150 48 - 338 332 e 392 e 113 e 344 e 175
Sweden 154 157 102 - - - - - -
Switzerland - - - - - - - - -
Turkey - - 51 819 1014 e 780 e 1306 e 1025 e 1080
United Kingdom - - 645 1093 1114 e 1078 e 1064 e 1677 e 1418
United States - - 772 540 1593 e 1363 e 1735 e 1602 e 1462

Total Non-OECD 800 1306 1969 3107 3102 e 4514 e 5360 e 4991 e 3800
Brazil 600 626 1108 1471 1173 e 1835 e 1469 e 1718 e 1584
Chinese Taipei - 211 - 1324 1077 e 1077 e 990 e 1274 e 1220
Egypt - - - - 266 e 445 e 381 e 426 e 220
Hong Kong, China - - - - - - - - -
India 200 263 - - - - 49 e - 69
Israel - - - - - - - - -
Romania - - - - - 58 e - - -
Oth. Africa & Mid. East - - 129 - 70 e 69 e - - -
Other Latin America - 182 224 312 259 e 231 e 365 e 368 e 373
Other Asia & Oceania - 24 508 - 257 e 799 e 1967 e 1060 e 264
Other Eastern Europe - - - - - - 139 e 145 e 70

Non-Specified/Other - 36 5198 2839 1 e 1 e - - 48

Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Exports 971 1142 4149 4115 2102 e 1280 e 1896 e 1478 e 2786
Exports to:
Total OECD 971 1142 2706 3838 1952 e 1076 e 1851 e 1042 e 2339
Australia - - - - 16 e 22 e - - -
Austria - - - - - - - - -
Belgium 27 - - 151 - - - - -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - 1 e - - -
Denmark 309 252 479 - 6 e 4 e - - -
Finland - - - - - - - - -
France - - 18 - 15 e 46 e - 36 e -
Germany 492 442 64 55 - - - - -
Greece - - - - 1 e 2 e - - -
Hungary - - - - - - - - -
Iceland - - - - - - - - -
Ireland - - - - - - - - -
Italy - - - 14 - - - - -
Japan 83 412 1933 1244 461 e 265 e 501 e 728 e 1374
Korea 56 - - 1767 1271 e 391 e - 169 e 534
Luxembourg - - - - - - - - -
Mexico - - - - - - 590 e - -
Netherlands - - - - 31 e 52 e - - 200
New Zealand - - - - - - - - -
Norway - - - - 2 e - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
Portugal - - - - - - - - -
Slovak Republic - - - - - - - - -
Spain - - - - - - - - -
Sweden - 35 - - - - - - -
Switzerland - - - - - - - - -
Turkey - - - - 142 e 114 e - - -
United Kingdom - - 18 80 - - - - -
United States 4 1 194 527 7 e 179 e 760 e 109 e 231

Total Non-OECD - - 218 - 150 e 204 e 45 e 436 e 350

Brazil - - 98 - - - - - -
Chinese Taipei - - - - - - - - -
Egypt - - - - - - - - -
Hong Kong, China - - - - - - - - -
India - - - - - - - - -
Israel - - - - 1 e 1 e - - -
Romania - - - - 1 e - - - -
Oth. Africa & Mid. East - - - - - - - - -
Other Latin America - - 120 - 142 e 136 e 45 e 308 e 348
Other Asia & Oceania - - - - 6 e 67 e - 128 e 2
Other Eastern Europe - - - - - - - - -

Non-Specified/Other - - 1225 277 - - - - 97

Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce) Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)
80 120

70
100
60
80
50

40 60

30
40
20
20
10

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal/TPES
Coal Oil Gas Nuclear Renewables Coal/Population
Coal/GDP

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

70 60

60
50

50
40
40
30
30
20
20

10 10

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Production Coal Supply Electricity and Heat Other Transformation
Exports Imports Industry Other Use

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh) Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2)
90 200
80 180

70 160

60 140
120
50
100
40
80
30
60
20
40
10 20
0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal Oil Gas Hydro Nuclear Other Coal Oil Gas Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

TPES (Mtce) 64.88 67.51 69.99 57.70 65.39 64.58 64.81 0.45 -0.53
Coal 50.84 47.75 44.94 30.76 29.94 28.84 28.91 -0.72 -2.91
Oil 12.73 15.92 12.80 11.28 13.74 14.26 13.99 0.03 0.72
Gas 1.44 3.72 7.51 10.71 11.12 11.00 10.82 10.20 2.58
Comb. Renew/Waste - - - 0.91 2.44 2.49 2.59 - -
Nuclear - - 4.69 5.06 9.84 9.24 9.73 - 4.63
Hydro 0.13 0.29 0.14 0.22 0.25 0.29 0.31 0.42 4.90
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - 0.00 0.01 0.01 - -
Net Electricity trade(1) -0.27 -0.19 -0.09 -1.23 -1.93 -1.55 -1.55 -6.60 21.37
Heat(2) - - - -0.00 -0.00 -0.00 -0.00 - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries.
(2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

GDP (2000 bil. US$) 41 e 49 e 55 57 64 68 72 1.77 1.37

TPES/GDP(1) 1.58 e 1.39 e 1.27 1.02 1.02 0.95 0.90 -1.30 -1.88
Population (millions) 9.9 10.3 10.4 10.3 10.2 10.2 10.3 0.26 -0.08
TPES/population(1) 6.54 6.54 6.75 5.62 6.41 6.31 6.32 0.19 -0.45
TPES/GDP(2) 155.4 e 136.3 e 124.4 100.0 100.5 93.6 88.6 -1.30 -1.88
Coal Supply/GDP(2) 228.5 e 180.9 e 149.9 100.0 86.3 78.4 74.1 -2.45 -4.23
Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 82.6 e 89.4 e 100.1 100.0 96.7 93.6 .. 1.14 -0.44
Elec. Generation (TWh) 41 53 62 73 84 82 84 2.46 1.85
Industrial Production(2) .. .. 119.9 100.0 125.7 134.0 147.0 - 0.74
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators
(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita.
(2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Average annual
percent change
1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 78-90 90-05

Mtce:
Coking Coal 14.81 13.89 13.78 7.92 7.17 6.92 7.50 -0.60 -4.49
Steam Coal 6.57 6.40 4.98 5.54 6.91 5.09 5.00 -2.28 0.15
Brown Coal 37.25 37.35 33.12 22.26 21.42 21.59 21.72 -0.98 -2.81
Peat 0.17 0.14 - - - - - - -

Mt:
Coking Coal 18.55 17.40 14.38 8.14 7.32 7.14 7.74 -2.10 -4.57
Steam Coal 10.60 10.32 8.03 6.72 8.26 6.12 6.01 -2.28 -1.80
Brown Coal 88.84 89.09 78.98 50.31 48.50 48.77 49.06 -0.98 -3.16
Peat 0.60 0.50 - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
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4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL*

(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 73-90 90-05
(1)
TFC 45.23 50.16 48.27 35.98 38.60 40.07 40.09 0.38 -1.23
Coal 27.50 26.33 19.07 6.59 5.60 5.52 4.96 -2.13 -8.59
Oil 11.52 13.83 12.20 10.81 11.99 13.43 13.88 0.34 0.87
Gas 2.59 3.40 6.86 8.45 9.03 8.87 8.83 5.90 1.70
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - 0.33 1.75 1.90 2.08 - -
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - 0.00 0.00 - -
Electricity 3.62 4.65 5.92 6.07 6.44 6.61 6.79 2.93 0.92
Heat - 1.95 4.23 3.75 3.79 3.73 3.54 - -1.18
of which:
Total Industry 25.23 26.87 22.73 12.99 12.04 12.42 12.23 -0.61 -4.05
Coal 16.34 16.70 9.91 4.68 3.67 3.45 3.55 -2.90 -6.61
Oil 5.93 7.03 4.18 0.95 0.74 1.04 0.69 -2.03 -11.33
Gas 0.66 0.40 3.79 3.72 3.61 3.55 3.45 10.87 -0.62
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - 0.20 0.39 0.49 0.71 - -
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 2.31 2.73 3.31 2.33 2.52 2.75 2.84 2.14 -1.00
Heat - - 1.54 1.11 1.12 1.14 0.99 - -2.91
Total Transport 3.49 3.76 4.09 7.02 8.60 9.05 9.65 0.93 5.90
Coal 0.17 0.14 - - 0.01 0.01 0.01 - -
Oil 3.09 3.33 3.70 6.60 8.18 8.68 9.32 1.06 6.35
Gas - - - 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.06 - -
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - 0.09 0.09 0.05 0.01 - -
Electricity 0.23 0.28 0.39 0.29 0.27 0.27 0.27 3.08 -2.46
Residential 10.06 10.65 11.34 7.59 9.04 8.93 8.64 0.71 -1.79
Coal 9.29 e 8.04 e 6.71 e 1.12 0.76 0.75 0.55 -1.89 -15.34
Oil 0.07 0.13 0.13 0.11 0.08 0.08 0.05 3.64 -6.25
Gas 0.22 0.55 1.53 2.93 3.43 3.36 3.30 12.25 5.24
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - - 1.18 1.25 1.26 - -
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - 0.00 0.00 - -
Electricity 0.48 0.76 1.18 1.70 1.78 1.78 1.81 5.42 2.87
Heat - 1.18 1.78 1.73 1.81 1.70 1.67 - -0.45
Comm & Public Services 0.89 2.26 4.33 4.26 4.89 4.92 4.67 9.76 0.52
Coal 0.39 e 0.33 e 1.86 e 0.34 0.61 0.68 0.36 9.55 -10.36
Oil - 0.13 0.07 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 - -13.32
Gas 0.25 0.63 1.27 1.58 1.81 1.77 1.82 10.14 2.40
Comb. Renew/Waste - - - 0.04 0.07 0.07 0.08 - -
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - 0.00 0.00 - -
Electricity 0.25 0.41 0.45 1.42 1.55 1.50 1.54 3.56 8.58
Heat - 0.77 0.67 0.88 0.84 0.87 0.86 - 1.69
Non-Energy Use 1.63 1.85 2.50 2.99 3.28 4.18 4.25 2.53 3.60
Coal - - - - 0.49 0.60 0.46 - -
Oil 1.63 1.85 2.50 2.99 2.80 3.59 3.78 2.53 2.81
Gas - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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5. COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

Production 54.3 e 57.8 51.9 35.7 35.5 33.6 34.2 -0.3 -2.9
Imports 0.2 e 2.3 2.2 1.5 2.6 1.9 2.8 15.0 -1.1
Exports -3.7 e -12.0 -10.4 -8.3 -6.7 -6.6 -8.2 6.3 -3.0
Stock Changes -0.0 e -0.3 1.2 1.8 -1.4 -0.1 0.1 x x
Primary Supply 50.8 47.7 44.9 30.8 29.9 28.8 28.9 -0.7 -2.9
Statistical Difference 1.8 3.3 -0.3 -0.7 -0.7 -0.6 .. x x
Total Transformation -24.2 e -23.7 e -24.4 e -23.0 e -22.9 e -22.7 e .. 0.1 -0.5
Electricity and Heat Gen. -11.9 e -16.7 e -21.4 e -20.7 -20.5 -20.6 .. 3.5 -0.3
Main activity producers (1) -11.9 e -16.7 e -18.4 e -18.8 -18.6 -18.8 .. 2.6 0.2
Autoproducers - - -3.0 e -1.9 -1.9 -1.8 .. - -3.5
Gas Works -2.3 e -2.6 e -1.2 -0.6 -0.7 -0.7 .. -3.9 -3.4
(2)
Coal Transformation -10.0 e -4.3 e -1.8 e -1.8 e -1.7 e -1.4 e .. -9.5 -1.9
BKB plants 0.0 e 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.0 .. -7.5 -
Blast Furnaces -2.6 e -2.6 e -1.8 e -1.4 e -1.5 e -1.3 e .. -2.1 -2.1
Coke Ovens -7.4 e -1.8 -0.0 -0.4 -0.2 -0.1 .. -26.6 3.3
Patent Fuel plants - - - - - - .. - -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - .. - -
Own use -1.0 e -1.0 e -1.1 e -0.5 -0.6 -0.6 .. 0.8 -4.2
Distribution Losses -0.1 e -0.1 e -0.1 e -0.0 -0.2 -0.1 .. x x
(4)
Final Consumption 27.5 26.3 19.1 6.6 5.5 5.0 .. -2.1 -8.6
(5)
Industry sector 16.3 16.7 9.9 4.7 3.4 3.5 .. -2.9 -6.6
Iron and Steel 3.4 e 3.9 e 5.0 e 2.0 e 1.6 e 1.7 e .. 2.2 -6.8
Chemical 1.1 e 0.9 e 0.5 e 1.2 1.3 1.3 .. -4.6 6.3
Non-metallic minerals 0.5 e 0.7 e 0.5 e 0.3 0.2 0.2 .. -0.3 -6.0
Paper, pulp and print 1.3 e 1.1 e 0.3 e 0.1 0.0 0.1 .. -7.7 -7.4
Transport sector(6) 0.2 0.1 - - 0.0 0.0 .. - -
(7)
Other Sectors 11.0 9.5 9.2 1.9 1.5 0.9 .. -1.1 -14.1
Comm. and pub. services 0.4 e 0.3 e 1.9 e 0.3 0.7 0.4 .. 9.5 -10.4
Residential 9.3 e 8.0 e 6.7 e 1.1 0.7 0.6 .. -1.9 -15.3
Non-energy Use - - - - 0.6 0.5 .. - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by
* the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

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6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES*

(million tonnes) Average annual
percent change
1978 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 78-90 90-05
Steam Coal 9.81 11.77 10.12 5.75 4.74 5.33 4.89 0.26 -4.74
Total Electricity and Heat - - 4.94 3.90 3.79 3.74 3.27 - -2.71
Main activity producers - - 3.75 3.79 3.70 3.67 3.23 - -0.98
Autoproducers - - 1.19 0.11 0.09 0.08 0.04 - -19.88
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - e - e - e - - - - - -
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - 0.03 - - - - - -
Industry sector 7.85 9.41 3.05 1.46 0.71 1.14 1.29 -7.58 -5.57
Iron and Steel 1.10 1.32 0.85 e 0.79 0.32 0.64 0.81 -2.11 -0.35
Chemical 0.05 0.05 0.04 0.15 0.06 0.21 0.20 -2.32 11.40
Non-metallic minerals 0.60 0.77 0.47 0.25 0.16 0.20 0.21 -2.01 -5.14
Paper, Pulp and Print 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.03 -2.51 -0.75
Other industry 6.05 7.23 1.66 e 0.26 0.16 0.06 0.04 -10.23 -21.61
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 1.95 2.34 1.89 0.75 0.22 0.21 0.21 -0.26 -13.58
Non-energy use - - - - 0.02 0.05 0.04 - -
Coking Coal 12.57 12.17 9.94 4.97 4.58 4.53 4.33 -1.93 -5.38
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens 12.57 e 12.17 e 8.54 e 4.56 4.58 4.64 4.34 -3.17 -4.41
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector - - 1.40 0.04 - - - - -
Iron and Steel - - 1.40 e 0.04 - - - - -
Chemical - - - 0.00 - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - - e - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal/Lignite 81.32 79.82 71.77 50.37 49.15 47.43 47.62 -1.04 -2.70
Total Electricity and Heat 37.97 40.18 43.71 41.15 40.40 39.87 40.95 1.18 -0.43
Main activity producers 37.97 40.18 38.58 37.36 36.51 36.02 37.13 0.13 -0.25
Autoproducers - - 5.13 3.79 3.89 3.85 3.82 - -1.96
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants 1.96 2.00 1.94 0.44 0.58 0.53 0.54 -0.10 -8.20
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture 6.35 6.14 2.67 1.35 1.54 1.51 1.49 -6.97 -3.82
Industry sector 16.58 14.95 7.12 4.94 4.26 3.18 3.32 -6.80 -4.96
Iron and Steel 0.54 0.49 0.35 0.21 0.46 0.09 0.09 -3.52 -8.76
Chemical 2.49 2.24 1.20 2.41 2.43 2.60 2.60 -5.93 5.29
Non-metallic minerals 0.36 0.32 0.48 0.20 0.15 0.03 0.03 2.43 -17.40
Paper, Pulp and Print 2.95 2.66 0.79 0.23 0.19 0.04 0.21 -10.39 -8.48
Other industry 10.24 9.24 4.31 1.90 1.01 0.41 0.40 -6.96 -14.61
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 17.36 15.63 15.20 1.49 2.25 2.28 1.26 -1.10 -15.28
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

(US Dollars / tce)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal 10.29 11.54 20.49 21.88 23.40 c c c c
Heavy Fuel Oil 52.02 52.49 111.20 81.86 102.38 107.82 122.46 152.21 212.31
Natural Gas .. .. 94.07 113.73 131.20 153.84 .. .. ..
For Industry
Steam Coal .. .. 24.44 26.96 33.88 c c c c
Coking Coal .. .. 52.62 50.72 65.74 c c c c
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 52.02 52.49 111.20 81.86 102.38 107.82 122.46 152.21 212.31
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. 109.99 123.77 141.10 180.97 243.72
Natural Gas .. .. 94.07 114.81 135.00 158.24 169.15 227.52 312.80

(Czech Crowns / unit)(2)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal 54 60 134 308 279 c c c c
Heavy Fuel Oil 1020 1020 2718 4307 4563 4130 4284 4964 6531
Natural Gas .. .. 2171 5650 5521 5564 .. .. ..
For Industry
Steam Coal .. .. 235 558 594 c c c c
Coking Coal .. .. 877 1820 1998 c c c c
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 1020 1020 2718 4307 4563 4130 4284 4964 6531
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. 4902 4741 4936 5902 7497
Natural Gas .. .. 2171 5704 5681 5723 5587 7006 9085
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL*

(Mtce)

1973 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Imports 0.21 e 2.33 2.25 1.48 1.98 2.23 2.57 1.91 2.76
Hard Coal - 2.11 2.09 0.90 1.14 1.19 1.41 1.08 1.68
Coking Coal .. - - 0.22 0.44 0.44 0.46 0.42 0.83
Steam Coal .. 2.11 2.09 0.68 0.70 0.76 0.95 0.66 0.85
Brown Coal / Lignite - 0.01 - 0.00 - - 0.00 0.00 0.01
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 0.21 e 0.21 0.15 0.59 0.84 1.04 1.17 0.83 1.07

Total Exports 3.65 e 12.02 10.38 8.26 7.13 7.03 6.72 6.60 8.21
Hard Coal - 5.41 4.69 5.93 5.07 5.41 5.14 5.04 6.38
Coking Coal .. 4.87 4.22 3.42 3.26 3.57 3.18 2.99 4.27
Steam Coal .. 0.54 0.47 2.51 1.81 1.84 1.96 2.06 2.10
Brown Coal / Lignite - 3.96 4.03 1.29 0.98 0.54 0.51 0.54 0.68
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 3.65 e 2.65 1.66 1.03 1.08 1.08 1.06 1.02 1.16
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

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9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Hard Coal 274 e 2302 e 2282 e 1094 1237 1296 1620 1263 1958

Coking Coal - - - 217 451 451 477 492 973

Australia - - - - - - - - -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - 217 450 422 473 492 973
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States - - - - - - - - -
Other OECD - - - - 1 - - - -

China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -

Colombia - - - - - - - - -
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - - - - - - - -
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - - - - 4 - -
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - 29 - - -
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - - -

Steam Coal 274 e 2302 e 2282 e 877 786 845 1143 771 985
Australia - - - - - - - - -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - - - 2 2 1
Poland 274 e 2302 e 2282 e 869 742 781 1030 733 929
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States - - - - - - - - -
Other OECD - - - - 1 - 1 1 -

China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - 2

Colombia - - - - - - - - -
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - - - - - - - -
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - 6 39 62 100 32 50
Other Former USSR (3) - - - 2 4 2 10 3 2
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - - 1
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Exports 5934 e 5200 4504 3427 3389 3710 3272 3210 4596
Exports to:
Total OECD 11060 e 9545 e 8185 e 4328 4760 5357 4582 4390 2930
Australia - - - - - - - - -
Austria 600 e 591 e 785 e 1244 1233 1233 1084 994 910
Belgium 59 e 25 e - - - - - - -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Denmark - 2 e - - - - - - -
Finland - - - - - - - - -
France - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - 28 e - 1 - - - -
Greece - - - - - - - - -
Hungary - - - 744 478 431 304 230 450
Iceland - - - - - - - - -
Ireland - - - - - - - - -
Italy - - - - - - - - -
Japan - - - - - - - - -
Korea - - - - - - - - -
Luxembourg - - - - - - - - -
Mexico - - - - - - - - -
Netherlands 69 e 114 e 10 e - - - - - -
New Zealand - - - - - - - - -
Norway - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - 538 306 399 572 592 1570
Portugal - - - - - - - - -
Slovak Republic 5126 e 4345 e 3681 e 901 1371 1647 1311 1287 -
Spain - - - - - - - - -
Sweden 80 e 123 e - - - - - - -
Switzerland - - - - - - - - -
Turkey - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States - - - - - - - - -

Total Non-OECD - - - - - - 2 214 3332

Brazil - - - - - - - - -
Chinese Taipei - - - - - - - - -
Egypt - - - - - - - - -
Hong Kong, China - - - - - - - - -
India - - - - - - - - -
Israel - - - - - - - - -
Romania - - - - - - - - -
Oth. Africa & Mid. East - - - - - - - - -
Other Latin America - - - - - - - - -
Other Asia & Oceania - - - - - - - - -
Other Eastern Europe - - - - - - 1 107 1666

Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Exports 394 578 498 2459 2304 1959 2306 2051 2096
Exports to:
Total OECD 631 e 900 e 696 e 3373 3082 2509 2872 2511 1630
Australia - - - - - - - - -
Austria - - - 331 502 576 1086 981 838
Belgium - 14 e - - - - - - -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Denmark 6 e 4 e 40 e - - - - - -
Finland - - - - - - - - -
France - - - - - - - - -
Germany 100 e 146 e 220 e 1033 896 711 587 526 551
Greece 1 e 1 e - - - - - - -
Hungary - - - 43 51 21 - 21 67
Iceland - - - - - - - - -
Ireland - - - - - - - - -
Italy - - - - - - - - -
Japan - - - - - - - - -
Korea - - - - - - - - -
Luxembourg - - - - - - - - -
Mexico - - - - - - - - -
Netherlands 36 e 68 e - - - - - - -
New Zealand - - - - - - - - -
Norway - - 32 e - - - - - -
Poland - - - 102 75 101 51 45 174
Portugal - - - - - - - - -
Slovak Republic 237 e 322 e 198 e 931 779 550 574 469 -
Spain - - - - - - - - -
Sweden 6 e 11 e 6 e 2 - - - - -
Switzerland 8 e 12 e - - - - - - -
Turkey - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - 2 e - - - - - -
United States - - - - - - - - -

Total Non-OECD - - - 34 2 - 16 18 930

Brazil - - - - - - - - -
Chinese Taipei - - - - - - - - -
Egypt - - - - - - - - -
Hong Kong, China - - - - - - - - -
India - - - - - - - - -
Israel - - - - - - - - -
Romania - - - - - - - - 2
Oth. Africa & Mid. East - - - - - - - - -
Other Latin America - - - - - - - - -
Other Asia & Oceania - - - - - - - - -
Other Eastern Europe - - - 17 1 - 8 9 464

Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce) Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)
40 450

35 400

350
30
300
25
250
20
200
15
150
10 100

5 50

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal/TPES
Coal Oil Gas Nuclear Renewables Coal/Population
Coal/GDP

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

14 14

12 12

10 10

8 8

6 6

4 4

2 2

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Production Coal Supply Electricity and Heat Other Transformation
Exports Imports Industry Other Use

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh) Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2)
60 80

70
50
60
40
50

30 40

30
20
20
10
10

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal Oil Gas Hydro Nuclear Other Coal Oil Gas Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

TPES (Mtce) 28.33 28.26 25.56 27.66 28.86 28.01 28.98 -0.60 0.61
Coal 2.76 8.39 8.70 5.69 6.23 5.31 6.68 6.99 -3.24
Oil 25.09 19.09 11.69 12.49 12.00 11.72 12.14 -4.40 0.02
Gas 0.00 0.00 2.60 6.35 6.62 6.28 6.48 65.00 6.07
Comb. Renew/Waste 0.51 0.92 1.63 2.49 3.52 3.69 3.76 7.11 5.61
Nuclear - - - - - - - - -
Hydro 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.91 -1.30
Geothermal - - 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 - 2.15
Solar, Wind, Tide - 0.00 0.08 0.53 0.82 0.83 0.76 - 17.01
Net Electricity trade(1) -0.03 -0.15 0.87 0.08 -0.35 0.17 -0.85 - -10.35
Heat(2) - - 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 - 1.68
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries.
(2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

GDP (2000 bil. US$) 90 101 124 160 166 171 177 1.90 2.18
TPES/GDP(1) 0.31 0.28 0.21 0.17 0.17 0.16 0.16 -2.46 -1.53
Population (millions) 5.0 5.1 5.1 5.3 5.4 5.4 5.4 0.14 0.35
TPES/population(1) 5.64 5.52 4.97 5.18 5.34 5.17 5.33 -0.74 0.26
TPES/GDP(2) 182.3 161.9 119.4 100.0 100.5 94.8 95.0 -2.46 -1.53
Coal Supply/GDP(2) 86.2 233.7 197.4 100.0 105.4 87.2 106.4 5.00 -5.30
Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 88.3 105.6 112.9 100.0 98.1 96.6 .. 1.46 -1.03
Elec. Generation (TWh) 19 27 26 36 40 36 46 1.82 2.25
Industrial Production(2) .. 57.5 75.8 100.0 103.2 104.9 108.6 - 2.19
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators
(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita.
(2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Average annual
percent change
1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 78-90 90-05

Mtce:
Coking Coal - - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -

Mt:
Coking Coal - - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
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4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL*

(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 73-90 90-05
(1)
TFC 23.22 22.08 19.83 21.57 22.11 22.50 22.53 -0.93 0.86
Coal 0.48 0.66 0.57 0.42 0.33 0.37 0.34 0.99 -3.41
Oil 20.37 17.19 10.80 10.62 10.63 10.93 10.93 -3.66 0.08
Gas 0.17 0.17 1.65 2.38 2.49 2.43 2.43 14.36 2.59
Comb. Renew/Wastes 0.23 0.55 0.81 0.93 1.14 1.18 1.26 7.65 3.03
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 - 9.42
Electricity 1.98 2.66 3.48 3.99 3.98 4.06 4.12 3.39 1.12
Heat - 0.84 2.51 3.22 3.53 3.52 3.44 - 2.12
of which:
Total Industry 4.82 4.50 3.86 4.20 4.09 4.16 4.06 -1.30 0.33
Coal 0.30 0.55 0.46 0.38 0.29 0.34 0.28 2.49 -3.20
Oil 3.85 3.01 1.33 1.08 1.13 1.16 1.10 -6.08 -1.24
Gas 0.02 0.01 0.77 1.11 1.07 1.02 1.02 22.90 1.92
Comb. Renew/Wastes 0.08 0.11 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 4.01 -0.26
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 0.57 0.71 1.04 1.23 1.20 1.23 1.26 3.64 1.31
Heat - 0.11 0.11 0.23 0.25 0.25 0.24 - 5.52
Total Transport 5.02 5.21 5.87 6.95 7.17 7.51 7.69 0.91 1.82
Coal 0.00 - - - - - - - -
Oil 5.01 5.19 5.84 6.91 7.12 7.47 7.64 0.91 1.81
Gas - - - - - - - - -
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.05 3.87 4.14
Residential 10.02 8.05 5.75 5.96 6.32 6.29 6.30 -3.21 0.62
Coal 0.18 0.10 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -10.90 -
Oil 8.78 6.04 1.84 1.12 1.01 0.95 0.90 -8.78 -4.64
Gas 0.13 0.14 0.59 0.94 1.02 1.02 1.01 9.12 3.60
Comb. Renew/Wastes 0.12 0.35 0.48 0.61 0.81 0.86 0.96 8.64 4.72
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 - 9.39
Electricity 0.81 0.91 1.19 1.25 1.26 1.27 1.28 2.27 0.52
Heat - 0.49 1.62 2.03 2.20 2.19 2.14 - 1.88
Comm & Public Services 0.46 1.76 2.47 2.62 2.82 2.84 2.81 10.40 0.88
Coal - - 0.00 - - - - - -
Oil - 0.73 0.47 0.19 0.16 0.17 0.15 - -7.42
Gas 0.01 0.01 0.20 0.23 0.30 0.30 0.30 18.35 2.73
Comb. Renew/Waste 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.09 0.10 0.09 0.08 5.04 3.50
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - 9.52
Electricity 0.43 0.75 1.03 1.22 1.24 1.28 1.29 5.28 1.55
Heat - 0.24 0.72 0.90 1.02 1.01 0.99 - 2.15
Non-Energy Use 1.03 0.63 0.44 0.43 0.39 0.44 0.41 -4.90 -0.50
Coal - - - - - - - - -
Oil 1.03 0.63 0.44 0.43 0.39 0.44 0.41 -4.90 -0.50
Gas - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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5. COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

Production - - - - - - - - -
Imports 2.7 8.7 8.9 5.5 6.5 5.1 7.3 7.2 -3.7
Exports -0.1 -0.1 -0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -1.0 3.4
Stock Changes 0.1 -0.3 -0.2 0.3 -0.1 0.3 -0.5 x x
Primary Supply 2.8 8.4 8.7 5.7 6.2 5.3 6.7 7.0 -3.2
Statistical Difference 0.0 0.2 -0.0 -0.0 0.0 -0.0 .. x x
Total Transformation -2.3 -8.0 -8.1 -5.2 -5.9 -4.9 .. 7.7 -3.3
Electricity and Heat Gen. -2.3 -8.0 -8.1 -5.2 -5.9 -4.9 .. 7.8 -3.3
Main activity producers (1) -2.3 -7.9 -8.1 -5.2 -5.9 -4.9 .. 7.7 -3.2
Autoproducers - -0.1 -0.1 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 .. - -15.5
Gas Works -0.0 -0.0 - - - - .. - -
(2)
Coal Transformation - - - - - - .. - -
BKB plants - - - - - - .. - -
Blast Furnaces - - - - - - .. - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - .. - -
Patent Fuel plants - - - - - - .. - -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - .. - -
Own use - -0.0 - - - - .. - -
Distribution Losses - - - - - - .. x x
(4)
Final Consumption 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.3 .. 1.0 -3.4
(5)
Industry sector 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 .. 2.5 -3.2
Iron and Steel 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - - .. -14.6 -
Chemical - - 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. - 14.0
Non-metallic minerals 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 .. 2.8 -0.4
Paper, pulp and print 0.0 0.1 0.0 - - - .. 18.4 -
Transport sector(6) 0.0 - - - - - .. - -
(7)
Other Sectors 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 .. -2.7 -4.4
Comm. and pub. services - - 0.0 - - - .. - -
Residential 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 - .. -10.9 -
Non-energy Use - - - - - - .. - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by
* the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

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6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES*

(million tonnes) Average annual
percent change
1978 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 78-90 90-05
Steam Coal 5.65 9.66 9.99 6.64 9.53 7.33 6.23 4.86 -3.10
Total Electricity and Heat 4.99 9.28 9.40 6.19 9.31 7.01 5.91 5.43 -3.05
Main activity producers 4.93 9.23 9.34 6.18 9.30 7.01 5.90 5.47 -3.01
Autoproducers 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.55 -15.54
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture 0.09 0.09 - - - - - - -
Industry sector 0.69 0.54 0.47 0.38 0.29 0.34 0.28 -3.18 -3.52
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - - 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.02 - 13.85
Non-metallic minerals 0.55 0.36 0.20 0.23 0.19 0.22 0.18 -8.07 -0.63
Paper, Pulp and Print 0.06 0.07 0.05 - - - - -1.35 -
Other industry 0.09 0.11 0.22 0.13 0.08 0.09 0.07 7.85 -7.03
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.00 - - - 5.95 -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Coking Coal - 0.01 - - - - - - -
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector - 0.01 - - - - - - -
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - 0.01 - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal/Lignite - - - - - - - - -
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector - - - - - - - - -
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

(US Dollars / tce)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal .. 55.86 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Heavy Fuel Oil .. 118.18 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas c c c c c c c c c
For Industry
Steam Coal 76.39 95.46 119.95 .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal x x x x x x x x x
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 69.50 145.82 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. 108.12 162.96 171.78 223.78 205.61 280.27 315.42
Natural Gas 258.30 538.26 c c c c c c c

(Danish Crowns / unit)(2)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal .. 262 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Heavy Fuel Oil .. 918 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas c c c c c c c c c
For Industry
Steam Coal 421 538 742 .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal x x x x x x x x x
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 528 1133 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. 922 1817 1867 2029 1697 2317 2584
Natural Gas 1830 3900 c c c c c c c
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL*

(Mtce)

1973 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Imports 2.73 8.70 8.93 5.51 5.43 8.08 6.45 5.09 7.28
Hard Coal 2.58 8.54 8.88 5.46 5.39 8.05 6.41 5.05 7.24
Coking Coal .. 0.01 - - - - - - -
Steam Coal .. 8.54 8.88 5.46 5.39 8.05 6.41 5.05 7.24
Brown Coal / Lignite - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 0.14 0.16 0.05 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04

Total Exports 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.10 0.14 0.13 0.13 0.08 0.09
Hard Coal - 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.14 0.13 0.13 0.08 0.09
Coking Coal .. - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal .. 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.14 0.13 0.13 0.08 0.09
Brown Coal / Lignite - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 0.06 0.06 - 0.00 - - 0.00 - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

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9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Hard Coal 6110 9969 10255 6416 6263 9515 7592 5971 8557

Coking Coal - 7 - - - - - - -
Australia - - - - - - - - -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - 2 - - - - - - -
Germany - 1 - - - - - - -
Poland - 1 - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States - 1 - - - - - - -
Other OECD - - - - - - - - -

China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -

Colombia - - - - - - - - -
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - - - - - - - -
Former USSR(2) - 2 - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - - - - - - -
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - - -
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - - -

Steam Coal 6110 9962 10255 6416 6263 9515 7592 5971 8557
Australia 177 436 1127 143 250 569 442 129 190
Canada 307 204 646 - - - - - -
Czech Republic 6 4 39 - - - - - -
Germany 941 275 52 - - - - - 3
Poland 3078 3422 972 2311 2263 880 1092 830 529
United Kingdom 145 592 592 3 - - 1 - 29
United States 2 1376 3223 - 13 246 188 66 274
Other OECD 8 44 8 177 494 505 329 309 129

China, People's Rep. - - 57 - - 394 275 - -

Colombia - - 2057 812 792 2681 1454 1254 1537
Indonesia - - - - 150 289 - - 631
South Africa 868 3118 - 1672 1214 2971 1845 1852 3062
Former USSR(2) 528 395 - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - 1295 1085 970 1966 1531 2009
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - 10 - - 164
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - 3 2 - - - -
Non-Specified/Other 50 96 1482 - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Exports - 2 54 123 168 151 157 96 110

Exports to:
Total OECD - - 54 123 168 151 157 96 110
Australia - - - - - - - - -
Austria - - - - - - - - -
Belgium - - - - - - - - -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Denmark - - - - - - - - -
Finland - - - - - - - - -
France - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - 9 76 17 15 63 - 29
Greece - - - - - - - - -
Hungary - - - - - - - - -
Iceland - - - - - - - - -
Ireland - - - - - - - - -
Italy - - - - - - - - -
Japan - - - - - - - - -
Korea - - - - - - - - -
Luxembourg - - - - - - - - -
Mexico - - - - - - - - -
Netherlands - - - - - - - - -
New Zealand - - - - - - - - -
Norway - - 14 34 75 66 93 95 79
Poland - - - 13 - - - - -
Portugal - - - - - - - - -
Slovak Republic - - - - - - - - -
Spain - - - - - - - - -
Sweden - - 31 - 76 70 1 1 2
Switzerland - - - - - - - - -
Turkey - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States - - - - - - - - -

Total Non-OECD - - - - - - - - -
Brazil - - - - - - - - -
Chinese Taipei - - - - - - - - -
Egypt - - - - - - - - -
Hong Kong, China - - - - - - - - -
India - - - - - - - - -
Israel - - - - - - - - -
Romania - - - - - - - - -
Oth. Africa & Mid. East - - - - - - - - -
Other Latin America - - - - - - - - -
Other Asia & Oceania - - - - - - - - -
Other Eastern Europe - - - - - - - - -

Non-Specified/Other - 2 - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN*

(Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne)

1988 1990 1995 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Coking Coal(1) 54.71 93.62 535.51 128.76 .. .. .. 625.03 ..

Imports from:
Australia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Canada .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Czech Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Poland 52.54 .. .. 128.76 .. .. .. .. ..
United States 73.01 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
China .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Colombia 96.23 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
South Africa .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Former USSR(2) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

Steam Coal(3) 37.65 46.02 38.53 40.78 31.65 50.27 56.29 61.84 59.15
Imports from:
Australia 31.92 43.67 35.66 37.64 30.22 43.58 40.19 56.06 ..
Canada 45.64 50.24 39.52 .. .. .. .. .. ..
Czech Republic .. 72.83 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Poland 36.81 45.29 36.22 41.03 31.88 40.12 52.46 52.10 51.93
United States 42.88 46.31 42.57 39.19 .. 107.27 59.65 62.81 65.96
China 36.42 43.94 .. 38.45 .. 74.65 52.10 .. ..
Colombia 34.57 47.11 36.57 37.71 30.75 58.73 57.11 62.06 59.23
South Africa .. .. 39.01 43.87 33.11 42.83 57.29 67.27 59.65
Former USSR(2) 34.71 41.65 40.89 40.65 31.65 47.01 59.95 59.88 60.51
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.
(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade.
(2) Former USSR until 1991, Russia starting in 1992.
(3) Bituminous steam coal only. Weighted average of individual countries using volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce) Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)
60 350

50 300

250
40
200
30
150

20
100

10 50

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal/TPES
Coal Oil Gas Nuclear Renewables Coal/Population
Coal/GDP

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

14 14

12 12

10 10

8 8

6 6

4 4

2 2

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Production Coal Supply Electricity and Heat Other Transformation
Exports Imports Industry Other Use

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh) Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2)
100 80
90
70
80
60
70
60 50

50 40
40
30
30
20
20
10 10

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal Oil Gas Hydro Nuclear Other Coal Oil Gas Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

TPES (Mtce) 30.49 36.30 41.67 47.11 54.08 49.94 53.84 1.85 1.21
Coal 3.65 7.07 7.60 7.28 10.74 7.05 10.37 4.41 -0.50
Oil 19.39 19.16 14.64 13.75 16.04 15.29 15.78 -1.64 0.29
Gas - 1.10 3.12 4.89 5.64 5.14 5.51 - 3.39
Comb. Renew/Waste 5.63 4.96 6.52 9.56 10.50 9.78 10.60 0.86 2.74
Nuclear - 2.61 7.15 8.37 8.46 8.66 8.52 - 1.28
Hydro 1.29 1.26 1.33 1.80 1.85 1.69 1.41 0.19 1.60
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.00 0.01 0.14 0.14 0.14 - 44.67
Net Electricity trade(1) 0.53 0.15 1.31 1.46 0.60 2.09 1.40 5.45 3.17
Heat(2) - - - 0.00 0.10 0.10 0.10 - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries.
(2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

GDP (2000 bil. US$) 61 74 100 122 134 138 146 2.96 2.14
TPES/GDP(1) 0.50 0.49 0.42 0.39 0.40 0.36 0.37 -1.08 -0.91
Population (millions) 4.7 4.8 5.0 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.3 0.39 0.34
TPES/population(1) 6.54 7.59 8.36 9.10 10.35 9.52 10.25 1.46 0.87
TPES/GDP(2) 129.2 126.1 107.5 100.0 104.4 93.7 95.6 -1.08 -0.91
Coal Supply/GDP(2) 100.1 159.0 126.8 100.0 134.3 85.6 119.2 1.40 -2.58
Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 71.2 80.5 94.8 100.0 100.1 94.7 .. 1.70 -0.01
Elec. Generation (TWh) 26 41 54 70 86 71 82 4.41 1.75
Industrial Production(2) 35.6 45.5 60.3 100.0 108.4 108.3 117.5 3.15 3.98
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators
(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita.
(2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Average annual
percent change
1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 78-90 90-05

Mtce:
Coking Coal - - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal - - - - - - - - -
Peat 0.63 1.04 2.59 1.72 1.26 3.04 4.20 12.47 1.08

Mt:
Coking Coal - - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal - - - - - - - - -
Peat 2.21 3.63 7.15 4.86 3.63 8.74 12.07 10.28 1.34
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
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4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL*

(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 73-90 90-05
(1)
TFC 27.76 28.06 32.45 34.84 37.61 38.14 36.92 0.92 0.86
Coal 1.51 1.58 2.23 1.64 1.48 1.42 1.43 2.32 -2.90
Oil 16.43 14.72 13.81 11.43 12.73 12.78 12.67 -1.02 -0.57
Gas 0.01 0.62 1.41 1.43 1.39 1.23 1.24 31.15 -0.86
Comb. Renew/Wastes 5.63 4.93 5.03 7.08 6.66 7.12 6.50 -0.66 1.73
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - 1.51
Electricity 3.31 4.57 7.24 9.29 9.93 10.21 9.94 4.71 2.14
Heat 0.86 1.64 2.74 3.97 5.41 5.37 5.14 7.02 4.29
of which:
Total Industry 9.35 8.58 12.90 15.95 17.16 17.65 16.41 1.91 1.62
Coal 1.34 1.44 2.20 1.60 1.44 1.38 1.39 2.96 -3.00
Oil 5.67 3.60 1.64 1.25 2.22 2.12 1.98 -7.05 1.29
Gas 0.01 0.57 1.31 1.27 1.19 1.02 1.03 35.41 -1.62
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - 3.50 5.53 4.99 5.45 4.85 - 2.19
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 2.22 2.80 4.00 5.26 5.44 5.67 5.31 3.52 1.92
Heat 0.11 0.17 0.25 1.04 1.89 2.01 1.85 4.83 14.27
Total Transport 3.64 4.30 6.23 6.44 6.80 7.03 7.06 3.21 0.84
Coal 0.02 - - - - - - - -
Oil 3.62 4.27 6.18 6.35 6.68 6.92 6.95 3.20 0.79
Gas - - - 0.02 0.04 0.03 0.03 - -
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - - 0.01 0.01 - - -
Electricity 0.01 0.03 0.05 0.07 0.08 0.08 0.08 12.32 2.85
Residential 6.20 6.45 7.66 6.51 7.15 6.92 6.94 1.25 -0.65
Coal 0.15 0.15 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 -8.67 -2.30
Oil 4.88 4.30 2.95 1.07 1.04 0.98 0.92 -2.90 -7.47
Gas 0.01 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 11.52 0.09
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - 1.30 1.34 1.41 1.40 1.39 - 0.41
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - 1.51
Electricity 0.62 0.99 1.79 2.23 2.51 2.50 2.53 6.48 2.31
Heat 0.55 0.96 1.54 1.82 2.13 1.98 2.04 6.28 1.92
Comm & Public Services 0.43 0.68 1.28 2.24 2.43 2.48 2.49 6.58 4.55
Coal - - - 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 - -
Oil - - - 0.48 0.47 0.46 0.42 - -
Gas - - - 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.04 - -
Comb. Renew/Waste - - - 0.08 0.09 0.09 0.09 - -
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 0.43 0.68 1.28 1.63 1.80 1.86 1.91 6.58 2.73
Heat - - - - - - - - -
Non-Energy Use 1.54 1.79 2.10 1.45 1.41 1.42 1.52 1.87 -2.16
Coal - - - - - - - - -
Oil 1.54 1.79 2.07 1.40 1.35 1.35 1.44 1.77 -2.38
Gas - - 0.03 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.07 - 5.47
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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5. COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

Production 0.1 1.0 2.6 1.7 1.3 3.0 4.2 22.6 1.1
Imports 3.5 5.4 6.3 5.1 7.9 4.8 6.5 3.5 -1.8
Exports -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -17.1 19.3
Stock Changes 0.1 0.6 -1.3 0.5 1.6 -0.8 -0.3 x x
Primary Supply 3.6 7.1 7.6 7.3 10.7 7.0 10.4 4.4 -0.5
Statistical Difference -0.0 -0.2 -0.0 -0.0 -0.1 -0.1 .. x x
Total Transformation -2.1 e -5.3 e -5.4 e -5.6 e -9.2 e -5.5 e .. 5.6 0.1
Electricity and Heat Gen. -1.7 -4.9 -4.8 -4.9 -8.6 -4.8 .. 6.2 -0.0
Main activity producers (1) -1.7 -4.5 -4.5 -4.5 -8.2 -4.4 .. 5.8 -0.2
Autoproducers - -0.5 -0.3 -0.4 -0.4 -0.4 .. - 2.0
Gas Works -0.0 - - - - - .. - -
(2)
Coal Transformation -0.4 e -0.4 e -0.5 e -0.6 e -0.6 e -0.7 e .. 2.2 1.2
BKB plants - - - - - - .. - -
Blast Furnaces -0.4 e -0.4 e -0.5 e -0.5 e -0.5 e -0.5 e .. 2.0 -0.4
Coke Ovens - - -0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 .. - 17.3
Patent Fuel plants - - - - - - .. - -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - .. - -
Own use - - - - - - .. - -
Distribution Losses - - -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 .. x x
(4)
Final Consumption 1.5 1.6 2.2 1.6 1.4 1.4 .. 2.3 -2.9
(5)
Industry sector 1.3 1.4 2.2 1.6 1.4 1.4 .. 3.0 -3.0
Iron and Steel 0.4 e 0.5 e 0.8 e 0.9 e 0.8 e 0.8 e .. 4.3 -0.0
Chemical 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 .. 17.2 0.3
Non-metallic minerals - 0.5 0.7 0.1 0.1 0.1 .. - -9.8
Paper, pulp and print 0.0 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 .. 20.2 -4.5
Transport sector(6) 0.0 - - - - - .. - -
(7)
Other Sectors 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. -8.7 1.8
Comm. and pub. services - - - 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. - -
Residential 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. -8.7 -2.3
Non-energy Use - - - - - - .. - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by
* the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

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6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES*

(million tonnes) Average annual
percent change
1978 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 78-90 90-05
Steam Coal 5.31 5.69 4.94 3.91 7.64 6.72 3.20 -0.60 -2.86
Total Electricity and Heat 4.57 4.82 3.88 3.50 7.37 6.47 2.91 -1.34 -1.90
Main activity producers 4.52 4.73 3.77 3.46 7.35 6.46 2.90 -1.49 -1.75
Autoproducers 0.05 0.10 0.11 0.05 0.02 0.02 0.02 7.24 -11.10
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector 0.67 0.79 1.04 0.34 0.26 0.24 0.28 3.82 -8.48
Iron and Steel 0.09 0.08 0.08 - - - - -0.61 -
Chemical 0.01 0.01 0.08 0.07 0.07 0.08 0.09 16.10 0.39
Non-metallic minerals 0.41 0.51 0.76 0.17 0.17 0.14 0.17 5.22 -9.59
Paper, Pulp and Print - - 0.09 0.09 0.02 0.02 0.02 - -10.11
Other industry 0.15 0.18 0.02 0.01 - - - -14.26 -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 0.08 0.08 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 -16.20 -1.66
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Coking Coal - - 0.71 1.28 1.23 1.36 1.40 - 4.63
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - 0.71 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 - 3.98
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector - - - - - - - - -
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal/Lignite - - - - - - - - -
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector - - - - - - - - -
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

(US Dollars / tce)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal 51.74 77.80 72.35 44.40 50.59 55.49 76.99 82.82 85.36
Heavy Fuel Oil 71.34 148.30 130.84 133.67 121.50 149.77 160.09 232.79 267.72
Natural Gas 78.45 158.02 96.13 88.04 84.76 105.93 113.21 128.66 173.47
For Industry
Steam Coal 51.74 77.80 72.35 89.47 96.68 113.53 140.81 146.63 149.81
Coking Coal .. .. .. 99.78 109.88 126.04 158.63 196.65 203.29
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 71.34 148.30 130.84 .. .. .. .. .. ..
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. 172.12 160.82 198.88 214.08 286.78 322.25
Natural Gas 78.45 158.02 96.13 101.68 98.71 123.46 132.46 147.93 192.94

(Euro / unit)(2)
For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal 31.11 42.38 40.48 41.92 46.70 42.73 53.93 58.01 59.20
Heavy Fuel Oil 67.61 127.32 115.38 198.90 176.79 181.78 176.74 257.00 292.63
Natural Gas 69.70 127.18 79.47 122.82 115.62 120.53 117.18 133.16 177.76
For Industry
Steam Coal 31.11 42.38 40.48 84.47 89.25 87.43 98.63 102.71 103.90
Coking Coal .. .. .. 108.23 116.55 111.51 127.66 158.25 161.98
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 67.61 127.32 115.38 .. .. .. .. .. ..
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. 256.12 234.01 241.38 236.34 316.60 352.23
Natural Gas 69.70 127.18 79.47 141.85 134.65 140.48 137.10 153.11 197.71
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL*

(Mtce)

1973 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Imports 3.50 5.41 6.27 5.08 5.68 9.48 7.90 4.80 6.45
Hard Coal 2.68 4.20 5.49 4.58 5.20 8.99 7.39 4.29 5.94
Coking Coal .. - 0.64 1.26 1.26 1.22 1.36 1.40 1.07
Steam Coal .. 4.20 4.85 3.32 3.94 7.76 6.02 2.89 4.87
Brown Coal / Lignite - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 0.82 1.21 0.77 0.50 0.48 0.49 0.51 0.50 0.51

Total Exports 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.02
Hard Coal - - - - - - - - -
Coking Coal .. - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal .. - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal / Lignite - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.02
Coal Products(1) 0.02 0.00 0.00 - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

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9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Hard Coal 4789 4669 6101 5072 5790 10146 8286 4723 6671

Coking Coal - - 711 1258 1260 1225 1364 1401 1073

Australia - - - - 340 403 336 487 249
Canada - - - 100 147 156 239 519 434
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - 2 - - - - 2
Poland - - 203 705 390 430 308 13 -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States - - 45 360 220 200 410 382 324
Other OECD - - - - - - - - -

China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -

Colombia - - - - - - - - -
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - - - - - - - -
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - 463 91 163 36 71 - 64
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - - -
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - - -

Steam Coal 4789 4669 5390 3814 4530 8921 6922 3322 5598
Australia - - - - 65 122 - - -
Canada - 4 - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Poland 4089 3535 2609 1313 1293 1656 1317 551 530
United Kingdom 3 4 253 - 7 7 12 3 9
United States - 533 41 - 3 66 20 - 467
Other OECD - 4 - 51 261 64 82 1 48

China, People's Rep. - - 100 - - 528 - - -

Colombia - - 334 - 134 59 - - 323
Indonesia - - - - 200 275 - - 274
South Africa - - - - 66 412 - - 379
Former USSR(2) 697 589 - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - 1905 2448 2473 5558 5422 2736 3545
Other Former USSR (3) - - - 2 28 172 69 31 23
Venezuela - - 148 - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - 2 - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN*

(Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne)

1988 1990 1995 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Coking Coal(1) .. .. 60.49 60.64 63.46 66.29 95.47 131.60 138.48

Imports from:
Australia .. .. .. 61.77 66.55 65.58 85.75 148.54 139.46
Canada .. .. .. 63.68 64.15 69.89 89.94 153.33 149.22
Czech Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Poland .. .. 60.94 59.18 60.87 66.07 124.02 147.80 ..
United States .. .. 60.37 58.10 65.26 65.40 92.30 121.25 125.76
China .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Colombia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
South Africa .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Former USSR(2) .. .. 59.06 60.09 61.99 66.06 54.76 57.46 124.04

Steam Coal(3) .. 49.71 44.30 40.83 37.08 39.99 58.45 62.80 67.65
Imports from:
Australia .. .. 46.59 .. 44.43 46.85 .. .. ..
Canada .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Czech Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Poland .. .. 44.28 43.14 38.34 38.21 63.74 68.11 73.39
United States .. .. 53.46 .. .. 42.11 .. .. 78.95
China .. .. .. 42.06 .. 42.69 .. .. ..
Colombia .. .. 52.73 .. 48.32 45.46 .. .. 82.30
South Africa .. .. .. .. 44.11 39.99 .. .. 76.78
Former USSR(2) .. .. 40.34 38.94 35.24 39.83 57.32 61.59 62.84
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.
(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade.
(2) Former USSR until 1991, Russia starting in 1992.
(3) Bituminous steam coal only. Weighted average of individual countries using volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce) Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)
450 120

400
100
350

300 80

250
60
200

150 40

100
20
50

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal/TPES
Coal Oil Gas Nuclear Renewables Coal/Population
Coal/GDP

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

60 60

50 50

40 40

30 30

20 20

10 10

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Production Coal Supply Electricity and Heat Other Transformation
Exports Imports Industry Other Use

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh) Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2)
600 600

500 500

400 400

300 300

200 200

100 100

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal Oil Gas Hydro Nuclear Other Coal Oil Gas Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

TPES (Mtce) 263.79 276.52 325.45 369.08 392.76 394.24 390.30 1.24 1.29
Coal 41.77 46.99 28.87 21.49 19.86 20.60 21.75 -2.15 -2.23
Oil 177.60 154.45 124.69 124.64 131.62 130.63 127.58 -2.06 0.31
Gas 19.37 30.91 37.18 51.08 57.34 58.55 56.49 3.91 3.07
Comb. Renew/Waste 13.98 12.35 16.50 17.31 16.95 17.01 17.24 0.98 0.20
Nuclear 5.49 22.80 116.93 154.56 166.88 168.10 167.60 19.71 2.45
Hydro 5.86 8.54 6.61 8.25 7.35 6.35 6.86 0.71 -0.27
Geothermal 0.00 0.02 0.16 0.18 0.19 0.19 0.19 28.87 1.09
Solar, Wind, Tide 0.07 0.07 0.10 0.10 0.17 0.22 0.37 2.11 5.46
Net Electricity trade(1) -0.35 0.40 -5.58 -8.54 -7.59 -7.41 -7.78 17.60 1.90
Heat(2) - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries.
(2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

GDP (2000 bil. US$) 698 841 1088 1328 1413 1430 1457 2.65 1.84
TPES/GDP(1) 0.38 0.33 0.30 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.27 -1.37 -0.54
Population (millions) 53.3 55.1 58.2 60.7 62.3 62.7 62.7 0.52 0.50
TPES/population(1) 4.95 5.02 5.59 6.08 6.30 6.29 6.23 0.72 0.78
TPES/GDP(2) 136.0 118.3 107.6 100.0 100.0 99.2 96.4 -1.37 -0.54
Coal Supply/GDP(2) 369.8 345.2 164.0 100.0 86.8 89.0 92.3 -4.67 -3.99
Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 73.5 85.8 95.8 100.0 102.4 101.9 .. 1.57 0.41
Elec. Generation (TWh) 183 257 417 536 569 571 569 4.98 2.11
Industrial Production(2) 69.0 75.9 86.5 100.0 102.1 102.3 102.5 1.34 1.12
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators
(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita.
(2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Average annual
percent change
1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 78-90 90-05

Mtce:
Coking Coal 4.80 4.23 1.80 - - - - -7.86 -
Steam Coal 14.14 13.78 8.55 3.37 0.77 0.55 0.40 -4.11 -16.74
Brown Coal 1.17 1.10 1.43 0.17 - - - 1.68 -
Peat - - - - - - - - -

Mt:
Coking Coal 4.66 4.11 1.82 - - - - -7.54 -
Steam Coal 16.50 16.08 9.38 3.80 0.87 0.62 0.45 -4.60 -16.59
Brown Coal 2.73 2.56 2.33 0.30 - - - -1.30 -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
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4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL*

(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 73-90 90-05
(1)
TFC 207.94 206.52 211.08 244.01 250.04 252.59 251.99 0.09 1.19
Coal 18.67 12.23 10.74 6.11 5.12 5.07 4.82 -3.20 -5.20
Oil 141.95 129.48 113.61 125.24 125.99 126.41 124.82 -1.30 0.63
Gas 15.95 27.59 34.17 45.91 48.47 49.23 49.54 4.58 2.51
Comb. Renew/Wastes 12.73 11.16 14.55 14.63 14.33 14.21 14.27 0.79 -0.13
Geothermal 0.00 0.02 0.16 0.18 0.18 0.19 0.19 28.87 1.09
Solar, Wind, Tide - 0.01 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 - 0.97
Electricity 18.26 25.69 37.13 47.29 50.16 51.56 51.91 4.26 2.26
Heat 0.37 0.34 0.68 4.62 5.76 5.89 6.42 3.69 16.12
of which:
Total Industry 60.05 59.06 47.03 49.34 51.82 50.34 50.28 -1.43 0.45
Coal 10.24 7.66 8.37 5.20 4.52 4.49 4.31 -1.18 -4.33
Oil 31.72 27.72 9.40 7.89 9.66 9.59 9.66 -6.90 0.18
Gas 6.10 10.35 13.12 17.64 19.12 17.35 17.69 4.62 2.01
Comb. Renew/Wastes 1.67 1.61 2.05 2.08 2.08 2.11 2.17 1.20 0.39
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 10.32 11.72 14.09 16.54 16.44 16.79 16.45 1.85 1.04
Heat - - - - - - - - -
Total Transport 38.66 46.88 60.57 73.93 73.77 74.37 73.66 2.68 1.31
Coal 0.09 0.03 - - - - - - -
Oil 37.76 46.00 59.48 71.98 71.76 72.25 71.49 2.71 1.23
Gas 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.06 0.07 -23.40 46.65
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - 0.51 0.48 0.53 0.60 - -
Electricity 0.79 0.85 1.09 1.44 1.48 1.52 1.50 1.95 2.15
Residential 30.64 32.37 52.37 60.84 63.47 65.80 65.13 3.20 1.47
Coal 8.34 4.54 2.37 e 0.90 0.60 0.58 0.51 -7.12 -9.71
Oil 2.68 3.08 16.12 14.37 15.38 14.78 14.44 11.13 -0.73
Gas 5.00 7.75 9.41 18.08 e 18.79 21.09 20.64 3.79 5.38
Comb. Renew/Wastes 10.92 9.41 12.38 11.47 11.11 11.00 10.93 0.74 -0.83
Geothermal 0.00 0.01 0.15 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 28.81 0.88
Solar, Wind, Tide - 0.01 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 - 0.97
Electricity 3.71 7.56 11.91 15.81 17.39 18.15 18.41 7.11 2.95
Heat - - - - - - - - -
Comm & Public Services 53.08 43.67 26.03 26.52 29.46 30.11 30.63 -4.10 1.09
Coal - - - - - - - - -
Oil 47.08 32.18 7.50 6.77 7.31 7.38 7.07 -10.24 -0.39
Gas 2.70 6.13 8.72 6.45 e 7.54 7.82 8.14 7.14 -0.46
Comb. Renew/Waste - - 0.07 0.51 0.61 0.51 0.51 - 14.27
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 3.30 5.36 9.75 12.78 14.00 14.41 14.92 6.58 2.88
Heat - - - - - - - - -
Non-Energy Use 20.86 19.41 18.97 23.25 20.33 20.74 20.73 -0.56 0.59
Coal - - - - - - - - -
Oil 18.72 16.24 16.24 19.93 17.79 18.30 18.16 -0.83 0.74
Gas 2.14 3.17 2.72 3.32 2.54 2.45 2.57 1.43 -0.38
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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5. COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

Production 25.8 19.1 11.8 3.5 0.8 0.5 0.4 -4.5 -18.5
Imports 15.4 30.1 19.5 19.3 19.6 20.2 20.6 1.4 0.2
Exports -1.9 -1.2 -0.9 -0.8 -0.9 -0.7 -0.8 -4.1 -2.1
Stock Changes 2.4 -1.0 -1.5 -0.6 0.4 0.6 1.6 x x
Primary Supply 41.8 47.0 28.9 21.5 19.9 20.6 21.8 -2.1 -2.2
Statistical Difference 2.0 -0.0 -0.2 0.2 -0.8 -0.7 .. x x
Total Transformation -22.1 e -31.9 e -16.9 e -14.7 e -13.3 e -14.4 e .. -1.6 -1.1
Electricity and Heat Gen. -14.8 -24.4 -12.2 -10.6 -9.2 -10.4 .. -1.2 -1.1
Main activity producers (1) -14.8 -16.9 -6.9 -9.2 -7.9 -9.0 .. -4.4 1.7
Autoproducers - -7.5 -5.2 -1.4 -1.3 -1.4 .. - -8.4
Gas Works -0.2 -0.1 - - - - .. - -
(2)
Coal Transformation -7.1 e -7.4 e -4.7 e -4.1 e -4.0 e -4.1 e .. -2.3 -1.0
BKB plants - - - - - - .. - -
Blast Furnaces -6.3 e -6.3 e -3.8 e -3.6 e -3.3 e -3.2 e .. -2.8 -1.1
Coke Ovens -1.3 -1.5 -1.1 -0.5 -0.8 -0.8 .. -0.8 -1.9
Patent Fuel plants 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. -3.9 -24.0
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - .. - -
Own use -2.5 -2.7 -0.9 -0.8 -0.7 -0.6 .. -6.1 -1.8
Distribution Losses -0.5 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 - - .. x x
(4)
Final Consumption 18.7 12.2 10.7 6.1 5.1 4.8 .. -3.2 -5.2
(5)
Industry sector 10.2 7.7 8.4 5.2 4.5 4.3 .. -1.2 -4.3
Iron and Steel 6.2 4.6 e 4.8 e 2.8 e 2.9 e 2.7 e .. -1.5 -3.7
Chemical 1.2 0.8 1.0 e c 0.5 0.6 .. -0.9 -3.6
Non-metallic minerals 0.5 0.6 1.0 e 0.2 e 0.3 0.3 .. 4.3 -8.5
Paper, pulp and print 0.2 0.1 0.4 e 0.1 e 0.2 0.2 .. 5.6 -6.2
Transport sector(6) 0.1 0.0 - - - - .. - -
(7)
Other Sectors 8.3 4.5 2.4 0.9 0.6 0.5 .. -7.1 -9.7
Comm. and pub. services - - - - - - .. - -
Residential 8.3 4.5 2.4 e 0.9 0.6 0.5 .. -7.1 -9.7
Non-energy Use - - - - - - .. - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by
* the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

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6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES*

(million tonnes) Average annual
percent change
1978 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 78-90 90-05
Steam Coal 31.60 33.51 19.12 15.26 15.41 13.80 15.18 -4.10 -1.53
Total Electricity and Heat 22.16 24.49 11.03 10.16 9.74 9.13 10.31 -5.65 -0.45
Main activity producers 16.75 18.58 7.00 9.22 8.88 8.25 9.31 -7.01 1.92
Autoproducers 5.41 5.91 4.03 0.94 0.86 0.89 1.00 -2.43 -8.86
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants 2.09 1.72 0.38 0.11 0.04 0.04 0.03 -13.19 -14.91
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - 1.09 2.03 1.99 2.10 2.17 - 4.72
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector 2.91 3.35 4.68 2.46 1.82 1.90 1.86 4.04 -5.97
Iron and Steel 1.47 1.10 1.63 0.43 0.45 0.43 0.37 0.88 -9.37
Chemical 0.38 0.53 0.81 - 0.44 0.46 0.50 6.50 -3.14
Non-metallic minerals 0.15 0.62 0.99 0.20 0.29 0.25 0.22 17.02 -9.56
Paper, Pulp and Print 0.04 0.07 0.49 0.16 0.20 0.20 0.19 22.74 -6.04
Other industry 0.87 1.03 0.76 1.67 0.43 0.56 0.57 -1.14 -1.85
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 3.09 2.67 1.65 0.70 0.55 0.54 0.48 -5.10 -7.89
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Coking Coal 12.98 14.57 9.67 6.54 5.53 6.75 6.17 -2.42 -2.95
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens 12.98 14.57 9.52 6.54 6.06 5.87 5.85 -2.55 -3.19
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector - - - - - - - - -
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal/Lignite 2.62 2.57 2.09 0.36 0.05 0.04 0.04 -1.85 -23.73
Total Electricity and Heat 2.34 2.36 1.84 0.27 - - - -1.97 -
Main activity producers 1.17 0.98 0.59 0.27 - - - -5.51 -
Autoproducers 1.17 1.38 1.25 - - - - 0.55 -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector 0.20 0.16 0.23 0.05 0.05 0.04 0.04 1.17 -11.63
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical 0.01 0.01 0.09 - - - - 20.31 -
Non-metallic minerals 0.00 0.00 - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry 0.19 0.15 0.14 0.05 0.05 0.04 0.04 -2.59 -8.57
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 0.07 0.05 0.08 0.04 - - - 0.80 -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

(US Dollars / tce)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal .. 56.31 57.35 41.98 48.35 47.85 71.64 84.57 82.25
Heavy Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
For Industry
Steam Coal 61.82 107.40 128.20 105.48 109.32 130.49 .. .. ..
Coking Coal 51.84 58.46 62.62 45.43 58.03 59.67 72.00 106.27 128.98
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 66.80 131.05 97.93 128.55 126.08 150.25 155.40 217.27 258.10
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. 140.36 135.53 163.78 166.92 232.51 268.04
Natural Gas 76.57 137.04 128.49 138.50 141.92 188.04 203.92 256.81 320.57

(Euro / unit)(2)
For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal .. 32.17 42.23 40.41 45.51 37.57 51.16 60.40 58.16
Heavy Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
For Industry
Steam Coal 37.73 61.36 94.40 101.53 102.90 102.45 .. .. ..
Coking Coal 37.12 39.18 54.09 51.29 64.08 54.96 60.32 89.03 106.98
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 64.01 117.55 113.21 194.27 186.33 185.22 174.25 243.61 286.52
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. 212.12 200.29 201.89 187.16 260.70 297.55
Natural Gas 67.73 113.47 137.11 193.21 193.59 213.96 211.06 265.79 328.49
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL*

(Mtce)

1973 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Imports 15.42 30.11 19.50 19.34 18.46 17.28 19.64 20.16 20.56
Hard Coal 11.67 27.00 18.22 17.84 17.08 15.73 18.31 18.56 19.01
Coking Coal .. 10.75 8.17 6.81 6.67 5.80 7.07 6.44 6.25
Steam Coal .. 16.25 10.05 11.03 10.41 9.93 11.23 12.12 12.76
Brown Coal / Lignite - 0.00 0.04 0.03 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 3.75 3.11 1.24 1.47 1.37 1.53 1.31 1.58 1.53

Total Exports 1.86 1.22 0.92 0.77 0.46 0.48 0.90 0.67 0.80
Hard Coal 0.82 0.37 0.53 0.08 0.11 0.08 0.09 0.05 0.13
Coking Coal .. - - - - 0.05 0.05 0.02 0.02
Steam Coal .. 0.37 0.53 0.08 0.11 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.11
Brown Coal / Lignite 0.01 0.00 - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 1.03 0.84 0.39 0.69 0.35 0.40 0.81 0.62 0.67
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

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9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Hard Coal 23441 29410 19389 18980 18142 16768 19460 19851 20391

Coking Coal 8316 10456 7848 6543 6405 5577 6798 6188 6005
Australia 987 1093 2071 2818 3714 3341 4047 3767 3896
Canada - 18 637 577 460 250 365 421 371
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany 4364 4225 817 - 8 - - 263 -
Poland 1311 816 254 182 192 147 340 - 1
United Kingdom 1 18 - - - - - - -
United States 1462 3742 4019 2667 1634 1778 1992 1605 1680
Other OECD - - 50 1 90 5 15 81 26

China, People's Rep. - - - - 15 - - - -

Colombia - - - 130 - - - 51 29
Indonesia - - - - - 11 - - -
South Africa 191 544 - 154 106 45 13 - -
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - - 56 - 24 - -
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - 36 - - - -
Venezuela - - - 14 83 - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - - 11 - 2 - 2

Steam Coal 15125 18954 11541 12437 11737 11191 12662 13663 14386
Australia 785 557 1480 1022 804 1186 1968 1570 1831
Canada - - 50 - 14 - - 70 103
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany 2217 1185 718 98 272 56 55 54 64
Poland 3441 2634 141 881 810 555 493 1451 927
United Kingdom 891 1442 311 61 73 70 55 35 33
United States 36 3600 2586 425 256 331 218 301 330
Other OECD 98 10 222 1125 369 554 492 1115 1216

China, People's Rep. - 83 1776 524 637 394 274 15 17

Colombia - - 2033 1043 1611 2331 2852 2455 2205
Indonesia - - - 6 663 728 610 245 584
South Africa 6643 8596 863 5694 4763 3984 3932 4225 4236
Former USSR(2) 853 780 - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - 777 383 232 325 740 905 1124
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - 3 74 74 35
Venezuela - - 560 935 685 427 450 542 460
Vietnam - - - 140 115 229 231 100 150
Non-Specified/Other 161 67 24 100 433 18 218 506 1071
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Exports 449 430 585 89 123 38 49 34 122

Exports to:
Total OECD 443 380 573 88 121 38 49 34 121
Australia - - - - - - - - -
Austria - 10 8 - - - - - -
Belgium 51 40 15 5 50 9 - 18 36
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Denmark - - - - - - - - -
Finland - - - - - - - - -
France - - - - - - - - -
Germany 264 300 343 75 17 6 - 1 1
Greece - - - - - - - - -
Hungary - - - - - - - - -
Iceland - - - - - - - - -
Ireland - - 36 - - - - - -
Italy 8 - 56 - - - - - -
Japan - - - - - - - - -
Korea - - - - - - - - -
Luxembourg 17 20 2 - - - - - -
Mexico - - - - - - - - -
Netherlands - - - 1 6 16 - - -
New Zealand - - - - - - - - -
Norway 53 - 95 7 11 - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
Portugal - - 1 - - - - - -
Slovak Republic - - - - - - - - -
Spain - - 10 - - - - - -
Sweden - - - - - - - - -
Switzerland 8 10 6 - 1 1 - - -
Turkey 42 - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - 1 - 36 6 49 15 84
United States - - - - - - - - -

Total Non-OECD 1 - 11 - - - - - -
Brazil - - - - - - - - -
Chinese Taipei - - - - - - - - -
Egypt - - - - - - - - -
Hong Kong, China - - - - - - - - -
India - - - - - - - - -
Israel - - - - - - - - -
Romania - - - - - - - - -
Oth. Africa & Mid. East - - 11 - - - - - -
Other Latin America - - - - - - - - -
Other Asia & Oceania - - - - - - - - -
Other Eastern Europe 1 - - - - - - - -

Non-Specified/Other 5 50 1 1 2 - - - 1
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN*

(Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne)

1988 1990 1995 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Coking Coal(1) 54.95 65.14 61.82 52.47 60.26 62.05 75.46 109.69 133.48
Imports from:
Australia 53.97 65.23 60.65 52.15 58.95 59.70 68.13 115.61 136.73
Canada 57.16 64.81 62.14 52.71 57.04 59.71 76.85 117.56 140.74
Czech Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Poland 58.89 65.24 67.65 57.40 62.00 56.25 76.89 .. ..
United States 55.33 64.95 62.68 55.18 65.17 67.73 86.10 107.04 121.01
China .. 64.53 52.07 .. 70.91 .. .. .. ..
Colombia .. .. .. 38.69 .. .. .. .. ..
South Africa 48.51 66.18 53.98 38.18 39.85 52.36 33.73 .. ..
Former USSR(2) .. .. .. .. 63.66 .. 135.05 .. ..

Steam Coal(3) 43.58 50.42 49.29 45.36 42.59 42.63 64.08 75.23 72.92
Imports from:
Australia 41.19 47.89 50.95 42.65 43.39 43.11 55.37 79.28 80.63
Canada 50.25 62.44 42.97 .. 50.20 .. .. 121.47 57.30
Czech Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Poland 48.40 46.61 34.06 41.09 39.36 31.86 76.61 83.83 157.73
United States 47.80 48.77 50.21 38.10 37.04 34.07 46.61 75.04 80.70
China 40.46 48.79 36.52 40.62 .. .. .. .. ..
Colombia 39.19 49.99 46.98 44.99 44.86 45.37 65.24 77.69 81.95
South Africa .. .. 45.55 40.63 36.09 38.27 55.00 70.02 68.11
Former USSR(2) 41.72 44.72 47.86 43.46 36.91 41.68 75.88 71.20 68.26
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.
(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade.
(2) Former USSR until 1991, Russia starting in 1992.
(3) Bituminous steam coal only. Weighted average of individual countries using volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce) Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)
600 120

500 100

400 80

300 60

200 40

100 20

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal/TPES
Coal Oil Gas Nuclear Renewables Coal/Population
Coal/GDP

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

250 250

200 200

150 150

100 100

50 50

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Production Coal Supply Electricity and Heat Other Transformation
Exports Imports Industry Other Use

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh) Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2)
700 1200

600
1000

500
800
400
600
300

400
200

100 200

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal Oil Gas Hydro Nuclear Other Coal Oil Gas Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

TPES (Mtce) 482.69 514.84 508.89 490.89 497.46 492.49 498.88 0.31 -0.22
Coal 199.10 201.47 183.61 121.19 122.61 116.70 116.46 -0.48 -2.98
Oil 231.26 210.10 180.67 188.18 178.87 176.29 177.32 -1.44 -0.16
Gas 40.96 73.12 78.56 102.62 112.44 115.48 113.53 3.91 2.60
Comb. Renew/Waste 3.57 6.22 6.85 11.23 15.36 17.41 24.13 3.90 6.41
Nuclear 4.51 20.71 56.91 63.14 62.20 60.70 62.29 16.09 0.43
Hydro 1.87 2.34 2.14 2.67 2.59 2.41 2.59 0.79 0.78
Geothermal - - 0.01 0.18 0.21 0.21 0.26 - 22.60
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.02 1.31 3.52 3.87 4.40 - 40.04
Net Electricity trade(1) 1.42 0.88 0.11 0.38 -0.32 -0.56 -2.09 -13.78 -
Heat(2) - - -0.00 -0.00 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 - 1.52
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries.
(2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

GDP (2000 bil. US$) 1039 1226 1543 1900 1944 1962 2014 2.36 1.61
TPES/GDP(1) 0.46 0.42 0.33 0.26 0.26 0.25 0.25 -2.00 -1.80
Population (millions) 79.0 78.3 79.4 82.2 82.5 82.5 82.5 0.03 0.26
TPES/population(1) 6.11 6.57 6.41 5.97 6.03 5.97 6.05 0.28 -0.47
TPES/GDP(2) 179.9 162.6 127.7 100.0 99.1 97.2 95.9 -2.00 -1.80
Coal Supply/GDP(2) 300.5 257.7 186.6 100.0 98.9 93.3 90.7 -2.77 -4.52
Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 116.8 123.9 114.3 100.0 102.3 102.3 .. -0.13 -0.74
Elec. Generation (TWh) 374 466 548 567 610 613 626 2.26 0.76
Industrial Production(2) 69.7 75.2 90.7 100.0 102.6 106.1 112.2 1.56 1.05
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators
(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita.
(2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Average annual
percent change
1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 78-90 90-05

Mtce:
Coking Coal 51.64 55.43 44.05 18.67 16.46 15.01 12.98 -1.32 -6.93
Steam Coal 34.97 35.43 27.23 15.86 10.25 10.75 8.98 -2.06 -6.01
Brown Coal 106.08 113.63 102.54 52.06 56.58 54.90 54.41 -0.28 -4.08
Peat - - 0.12 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.03 - -7.64

Mt:
Coking Coal 52.24 56.04 44.58 18.86 16.64 15.17 13.11 -1.31 -6.93
Steam Coal 37.95 38.46 31.98 18.51 12.52 12.85 10.65 -1.42 -5.90
Brown Coal 377.89 389.73 357.47 167.69 181.93 177.91 176.32 -0.46 -4.55
Peat - - 0.43 0.15 0.13 0.13 0.10 - -7.64
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
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4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL*

(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 73-90 90-05
(1)
TFC 352.34 362.07 353.25 343.90 357.99 360.80 372.87 0.02 0.36
Coal 75.92 66.96 53.23 12.77 10.97 12.04 11.65 -2.07 -9.63
Oil 197.46 182.10 168.15 175.36 166.86 165.14 159.70 -0.94 -0.34
Gas 30.18 51.16 58.62 78.74 87.16 89.21 87.55 3.98 2.71
Comb. Renew/Wastes 2.50 2.72 4.25 6.72 7.51 7.94 9.65 3.17 5.63
Geothermal - - 0.01 0.18 0.17 0.18 0.18 - 21.32
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.02 0.16 0.30 0.32 0.36 - 23.20
Electricity 38.44 48.14 55.91 60.23 62.57 63.07 63.58 2.23 0.86
Heat 7.84 10.99 13.07 9.76 22.44 22.91 40.19 3.05 7.78
of which:
Total Industry 126.66 112.85 94.62 75.62 82.03 82.70 82.70 -1.70 -0.89
Coal 37.81 35.06 28.34 10.54 9.14 9.97 10.12 -1.68 -6.63
Oil 46.75 25.82 10.20 7.43 5.99 5.76 5.50 -8.57 -4.04
Gas 17.87 24.59 24.91 27.52 27.40 27.12 27.48 1.97 0.66
Comb. Renew/Wastes 0.04 0.04 1.13 0.65 - - - 21.74 -
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 21.91 24.52 26.60 28.20 28.48 28.73 28.52 1.15 0.47
Heat 2.27 2.82 3.44 1.29 11.02 11.13 11.09 2.47 8.11
Total Transport 56.71 68.36 85.77 96.02 89.96 92.07 90.49 2.46 0.36
Coal 2.46 0.36 0.02 0.01 - - - -24.22 -
Oil 53.03 66.44 84.07 93.74 86.96 88.68 85.73 2.75 0.13
Gas - 0.09 - - - - - - -
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - 0.32 1.02 1.39 2.77 - -
Electricity 1.21 1.47 1.68 1.95 1.98 1.99 1.99 1.94 1.14
Residential 87.64 79.02 90.41 93.43 91.56 91.01 91.03 0.18 0.05
Coal 20.44 17.27 13.89 1.31 1.01 e 0.96 e 0.67 -2.25 -18.26
Oil 48.97 36.38 26.29 28.33 28.03 25.24 24.07 -3.59 -0.58
Gas 1.59 1.79 20.63 33.48 e 38.42 e 40.54 e 41.46 16.26 4.76
Comb. Renew/Wastes 1.41 1.28 3.11 5.75 e 6.49 6.55 6.88 4.77 5.42
Geothermal - - 0.01 0.18 0.17 0.18 0.18 - 21.32
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.01 e 0.08 e 0.29 0.30 0.35 - 26.41
Electricity 9.65 14.13 16.84 15.84 17.14 17.25 17.42 3.33 0.23
Heat 5.57 8.17 9.63 8.47 e - - - 3.27 -
Comm & Public Services 39.57 41.05 40.77 32.24 35.44 35.20 34.69 0.18 -1.07
Coal 9.31 9.73 8.11 0.44 0.47 e 0.83 e 0.56 -0.81 -16.33
Oil 23.38 21.73 15.30 10.20 10.55 9.49 9.04 -2.46 -3.45
Gas 0.90 1.03 7.45 8.29 e 10.41 e 10.75 e 10.44 13.21 2.28
Comb. Renew/Waste 1.05 1.41 - - - - - - -
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - 0.02 0.02 0.02 - -
Electricity 4.92 7.15 9.91 13.31 13.99 e 14.12 e 14.63 4.20 2.63
Heat - - - - - - - - -
Non-Energy Use 24.64 33.10 33.19 36.34 36.14 36.66 36.21 1.77 0.58
Coal 3.21 2.22 1.20 0.39 0.31 0.22 0.26 -5.62 -9.76
Oil 20.29 27.06 28.77 32.89 32.75 33.38 32.89 2.07 0.90
Gas 1.14 3.82 3.22 3.07 3.09 3.07 3.07 6.32 -0.32
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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5. COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

Production 202.0 204.5 174.0 86.6 83.3 80.7 76.4 -0.9 -5.0
Imports 21.8 20.6 16.4 31.7 40.4 37.6 41.3 -1.6 5.7
Exports -26.1 -22.5 -11.7 -0.8 -0.8 -0.9 -1.0 -4.6 -15.7
Stock Changes 1.5 -1.1 4.9 3.6 -0.3 -0.7 -0.3 x x
Primary Supply 199.1 201.5 183.6 121.2 122.6 116.7 116.5 -0.5 -3.0
Statistical Difference 0.4 0.2 5.2 0.1 1.6 0.2 .. x x
Total Transformation -115.6 e -129.1 e -131.9 e -106.3 e -110.2 e -103.1 e .. 0.8 -1.6
Electricity and Heat Gen. -104.1 -115.8 -120.0 e -98.5 e -103.3 -96.6 .. 0.8 -1.4
Main activity producers (1) -99.8 -94.1 -99.9 e -90.4 e -95.1 -90.6 .. 0.0 -0.7
Autoproducers -4.3 -21.6 -20.0 e -8.1 -8.2 -6.0 .. 9.5 -7.7
Gas Works -3.5 -2.1 -1.5 - - - .. -5.0 -
(2)
Coal Transformation -8.0 e -11.2 e -10.5 e -7.8 e -6.9 e -6.4 e .. 1.6 -3.2
BKB plants 1.9 1.2 -1.4 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 .. - -15.1
Blast Furnaces -9.2 e -10.1 e -8.0 e -7.9 e -6.7 e -6.4 e .. -0.8 -1.5
Coke Ovens -0.9 -2.5 -1.2 0.2 -0.0 0.1 .. 1.5 -
Patent Fuel plants 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. -3.6 -20.5
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - .. - -
Own use -6.6 -4.9 -3.4 -1.7 e -1.5 -1.5 .. -3.9 -5.3
Distribution Losses -1.3 -0.7 -0.3 -0.5 e -0.4 -0.6 .. x x
(4)
Final Consumption 75.9 67.0 53.2 12.8 12.0 11.7 .. -2.1 -9.6
(5)
Industry sector 37.8 35.1 28.3 10.5 10.0 10.1 .. -1.7 -6.6
Iron and Steel 13.3 e 10.4 e 7.8 e 5.6 e 5.8 e 5.8 e .. -3.1 -2.0
Chemical 9.2 8.3 6.3 0.6 0.4 0.6 .. -2.2 -14.8
Non-metallic minerals 1.6 2.9 3.3 2.8 2.2 2.0 .. 4.5 -3.2
Paper, pulp and print 1.2 1.3 1.3 0.5 0.5 0.5 .. 0.3 -6.5
Transport sector(6) 2.5 0.4 0.0 0.0 - - .. -24.2 -
(7)
Other Sectors 32.4 29.3 23.7 1.8 1.9 1.3 .. -1.8 -17.7
Comm. and pub. services 9.3 9.7 8.1 0.4 0.8 e 0.6 .. -0.8 -16.3
Residential 20.4 17.3 13.9 1.3 1.0 e 0.7 .. -2.2 -18.3
Non-energy Use 3.2 2.2 1.2 0.4 0.2 0.3 .. -5.6 -9.8
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by
* the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

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6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES*

(million tonnes) Average annual
percent change
1978 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 78-90 90-05
Steam Coal 45.08 46.09 44.75 44.50 43.38 44.26 41.76 -0.06 -0.46
Total Electricity and Heat 34.59 34.40 33.78 38.77 37.67 e 39.06 35.38 -0.20 0.31
Main activity producers 21.05 21.47 26.06 35.67 34.33 e 34.64 32.74 1.79 1.53
Autoproducers 13.55 12.93 7.73 3.10 3.34 4.42 2.65 -4.57 -6.89
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants 1.46 1.43 0.78 0.15 0.11 0.10 0.09 -5.14 -13.25
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - 1.73 2.53 3.06 2.64 2.77 - 3.19
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector 5.15 6.56 6.53 2.44 2.00 2.67 3.03 2.00 -4.99
Iron and Steel 0.25 0.13 - 0.21 0.20 0.97 1.18 - -
Chemical 1.88 2.38 2.57 0.27 0.53 0.23 0.25 2.66 -14.47
Non-metallic minerals 0.48 0.95 1.64 1.35 0.64 0.58 0.56 10.75 -6.95
Paper, Pulp and Print 0.28 0.34 0.56 0.43 0.42 0.38 0.39 5.92 -2.40
Other industry 2.26 2.75 1.76 0.19 0.21 0.51 0.66 -2.05 -6.32
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 2.00 2.15 0.71 0.29 0.36 0.86 0.57 -8.24 -1.51
Non-energy use - - 0.01 - - - - - -
Coking Coal 41.88 50.29 42.22 24.46 23.01 23.67 22.19 0.07 -4.20
Total Electricity and Heat 6.58 10.68 18.12 13.04 13.48 e 13.38 12.02 8.81 -2.70
Main activity producers 5.70 9.49 14.24 10.17 11.69 e 11.37 10.73 7.93 -1.87
Autoproducers 0.88 1.19 3.88 2.87 1.80 2.01 1.28 13.17 -7.10
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens 34.30 38.74 24.09 11.42 9.52 10.29 10.18 -2.90 -5.58
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture 1.01 0.87 - - - - - - -
Industry sector - - - - - - - - -
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal/Lignite 383.17 391.75 364.05 169.94 179.76 181.95 177.89 -0.43 -4.66
Total Electricity and Heat 224.46 227.69 227.90 157.39 167.81 169.40 165.28 0.13 -2.12
Main activity producers 210.89 211.91 209.11 155.39 165.79 167.48 163.32 -0.07 -1.63
Autoproducers 13.57 15.78 18.79 2.00 2.02 1.92 1.95 2.75 -14.01
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants 130.03 134.86 104.92 11.36 10.66 11.20 11.31 -1.77 -13.80
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture 0.02 0.17 0.14 - - - - 18.25 -
Industry sector 20.55 21.77 20.36 0.45 0.33 0.34 0.37 -0.08 -23.52
Iron and Steel 0.24 0.36 0.76 - - - - 10.07 -
Chemical 10.63 11.28 7.55 0.31 0.15 0.16 0.18 -2.81 -22.17
Non-metallic minerals 0.13 0.15 0.49 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 11.48 -22.36
Paper, Pulp and Print 0.88 0.88 0.60 0.00 0.04 0.04 0.03 -3.20 -18.07
Other industry 8.66 9.10 10.96 0.13 0.14 0.14 0.15 1.98 -24.95
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 2.36 4.25 7.87 0.05 0.02 0.03 0.02 10.58 -32.03
Non-energy use - - - 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.04 - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

(US Dollars / tce)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal 83.97 100.08 141.95 42.94 46.27 50.64 70.87 80.73 78.92
Heavy Fuel Oil 74.14 141.13 104.43 119.49 112.11 142.45 144.45 205.66 252.91
Natural Gas 60.70 98.58 122.96 119.34 .. .. .. .. ..
For Industry
Steam Coal 98.52 120.31 185.76 .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal 62.91 71.78 63.02 c c c c c c
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 74.07 133.23 102.27 .. .. .. .. .. ..
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. 123.70 123.26 150.33 155.10 216.35 265.21
Natural Gas 83.25 122.13 145.88 146.16 .. .. .. .. ..

(Euro / unit)(2)
For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal 85.18 91.83 115.81 46.02 48.49 44.27 56.35 64.19 62.13
Heavy Fuel Oil 106.60 183.55 120.76 181.50 166.53 176.49 162.80 231.78 282.20
Natural Gas 80.15 117.75 130.58 166.48 .. .. .. .. ..
For Industry
Steam Coal 101.18 111.77 153.44 .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal 64.15 66.21 51.68 c c c c c c
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 106.50 173.28 118.26 .. .. .. .. .. ..
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. 187.90 183.09 186.26 174.80 243.83 295.93
Natural Gas 109.93 145.87 154.92 203.90 .. .. .. .. ..
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL*

(Mtce)

1973 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Imports 21.76 20.63 16.43 31.74 35.87 36.71 40.39 37.64 41.31
Hard Coal 14.76 15.09 12.43 24.84 29.42 31.50 36.00 33.86 37.71
Coking Coal .. 2.99 1.69 4.56 5.12 5.45 7.09 7.36 8.86
Steam Coal .. 12.10 10.74 20.28 24.30 26.05 28.91 26.50 28.85
Brown Coal / Lignite 1.74 0.62 1.06 0.91 0.40 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 5.27 4.92 2.94 5.99 6.05 5.20 4.39 3.78 3.60

Total Exports 26.14 22.53 11.65 0.80 0.93 0.80 0.82 0.91 0.99
Hard Coal 13.58 12.25 5.59 0.29 0.23 0.20 0.19 0.26 0.20
Coking Coal .. 8.52 3.96 0.00 - - - - -
Steam Coal .. 3.73 1.63 0.28 0.23 0.20 0.19 0.26 0.20
Brown Coal / Lignite 0.01 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Peat - - 0.12 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.03
Coal Products(1) 12.56 10.28 5.89 0.47 0.66 0.56 0.59 0.61 0.76
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

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9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Hard Coal 12865 16155 13580 27948 32607 34917 39536 37105 41261

Coking Coal 2435 3019 1706 4608 5174 5504 6875 7152 8604
Australia - - 58 3414 3705 3072 3232 3403 4046
Canada - - 25 865 1123 1496 611 1485 1666
Czech Republic - - 28 - - 59 25 - 2
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - 116 50 169 370 - 832 928
United Kingdom 48 48 - - - - - - -
United States 553 1050 48 257 11 - 534 1135 1590
Other OECD 89 158 2 19 60 - - - 7

China, People's Rep. - - - 2 73 - 1881 - -

Colombia - - - - - 275 184 132 176
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - - 1 27 102 147 90 54
Former USSR(2) 20 56 - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - 177 - 6 130 87 49 54
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - - -
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other 1725 1707 1252 - - - 174 26 81

Steam Coal 10430 13136 11874 23340 27433 29413 32661 29953 32657
Australia 763 578 1094 301 805 1934 764 768 702
Canada 428 449 45 - - - - 172 -
Czech Republic 152 146 248 1061 905 865 305 12 16
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Poland 2041 1918 2583 6744 6727 6780 7482 7924 7873
United Kingdom 554 1354 284 37 35 - 4 - -
United States 399 1218 689 432 321 381 432 132 469
Other OECD 637 822 637 1236 302 644 139 64 56

China, People's Rep. 21 209 8 67 251 178 - - -

Colombia - - 128 2719 5823 5900 3534 2937 3998
Indonesia - - 38 149 381 405 - - -
South Africa 1108 1492 4512 4577 9871 8950 9157 8215 8516
Former USSR(2) 96 143 - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - 157 937 1905 2526 5744 7497 8205
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - 35 - - - -
Venezuela - - - 341 62 131 - - -
Vietnam - - - 114 - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other 4231 4807 1451 4625 10 719 5100 2232 2822
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Exports 13354 8617 4002 3 - - - - -

Exports to:
Total OECD 12335 8287 3902 3 - - - - -
Australia - - - - - - - - -
Austria 213 73 - 1 - - - - -
Belgium 1897 786 717 1 - - - - -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Denmark - - - - - - - - -
Finland - - - - - - - - -
France 5020 4198 1443 1 - - - - -
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Greece - - - - - - - - -
Hungary - - - - - - - - -
Iceland - - - - - - - - -
Ireland - - - - - - - - -
Italy 2480 2527 859 - - - - - -
Japan 375 - - - - - - - -
Korea - - - - - - - - -
Luxembourg 286 1 - - - - - - -
Mexico - - - - - - - - -
Netherlands 975 682 465 - - - - - -
New Zealand - - - - - - - - -
Norway - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
Portugal - - - - - - - - -
Slovak Republic - - - - - - - - -
Spain 447 20 415 - - - - - -
Sweden 234 - - - - - - - -
Switzerland 18 - 3 - - - - - -
Turkey 89 - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom 198 - - - - - - - -
United States 103 - - - - - - - -

Total Non-OECD 1219 330 100 - - - - - -

Brazil 15 - - - - - - - -
Chinese Taipei - - - - - - - - -
Egypt - 115 100 - - - - - -
Hong Kong, China - - - - - - - - -
India - - - - - - - - -
Israel - - - - - - - - -
Romania - - - - - - - - -
Oth. Africa & Mid. East 520 166 - - - - - - -
Other Latin America 5 - - - - - - - -
Other Asia & Oceania - - - - - - - - -
Other Eastern Europe 479 49 - - - - - - -

Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Exports 5737 4049 1510 276 227 195 184 255 199
Exports to:
Total OECD 5381 3662 1186 275 228 193 170 248 193
Australia - - - - - - - - -
Austria 15 17 6 98 9 24 32 9 22
Belgium 2123 1380 678 82 75 67 62 78 72
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - 2 2 3
Denmark 944 257 3 - - - - 1 -
Finland - - - - - - - - -
France 1574 1056 81 75 94 72 66 74 87
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Greece - - - 1 1 - - - -
Hungary - - - - - - - - -
Iceland - - - - - - - - -
Ireland 7 - 5 - - - - - -
Italy 32 17 28 6 3 2 1 - 1
Japan - - - - - - - - -
Korea - - - - - - - - -
Luxembourg 14 74 1 - 5 5 - - -
Mexico - - - - - - - - -
Netherlands 467 638 48 3 2 3 4 3 -
New Zealand - - - - - - - - -
Norway 18 30 45 - - - - - -
Poland - - 1 - 12 8 3 75 1
Portugal 6 - - - - - - - -
Slovak Republic - - - - 1 - - 2 -
Spain - - 42 3 - - - - -
Sweden 38 1 5 1 3 8 - - -
Switzerland 60 118 38 5 22 4 - 1 1
Turkey 32 - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom 51 74 205 1 - - - 1 6
United States - - - - - - - - -

Total Non-OECD 53 90 324 - - 2 19 8 3

Brazil - 12 5 - - - - - -
Chinese Taipei - - - - - - 1 - -
Egypt - - - - - - - - -
Hong Kong, China - - - - - - - - -
India - - - - - - - - -
Israel - - - - - - - 5 1
Romania - - - - - - - - -
Oth. Africa & Mid. East - 4 3 - - - - - -
Other Latin America - 1 - - - - - - -
Other Asia & Oceania - - - - - - - 1 -
Other Eastern Europe 53 73 316 - - 1 9 1 1

Non-Specified/Other 303 297 - 1 - 1 4 2 4

Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN*

(Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne)

1988 1990 1995 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Coking Coal(1) 53.79 63.76 67.24 51.30 59.53 64.00 74.74 113.48 135.72
Imports from:
Australia 54.60 55.97 67.69 51.44 64.44 61.65 69.21 104.77 140.44
Canada 49.91 60.33 62.38 46.20 65.05 59.49 72.40 110.62 153.08
Czech Republic .. 66.67 78.37 .. .. .. .. .. ..
Poland 52.76 66.68 57.59 49.87 50.22 51.57 131.53 157.75 117.59
United States 61.21 60.93 73.55 .. .. 51.76 80.27 120.72 126.39
China .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 538.07 ..
Colombia .. 96.62 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
South Africa .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Former USSR(2) 51.84 65.10 .. .. 53.36 40.01 76.11 89.56 85.79

Steam Coal(3) 48.43 57.87 53.53 41.46 36.80 39.00 61.22 72.48 70.12
Imports from:
Australia 44.72 62.06 51.00 39.75 37.34 37.33 62.45 .. 105.93
Canada 59.78 66.66 88.38 .. 1819.08 .. .. .. ..
Czech Republic 53.15 63.93 64.04 49.88 48.71 47.93 67.98 85.54 89.31
Poland 47.32 62.25 46.86 42.04 38.29 39.00 67.44 73.74 73.56
United States 59.63 55.69 50.00 43.84 36.66 39.71 41.45 73.70 69.53
China 43.60 73.16 33.06 .. 39.46 44.76 48.23 85.99 ..
Colombia 34.92 61.65 45.24 41.58 38.39 38.18 64.48 69.49 68.68
South Africa 36.94 47.20 46.38 40.28 33.87 38.45 51.47 67.69 67.61
Former USSR(2) 34.09 47.72 41.35 40.91 34.20 38.34 63.89 68.13 65.11
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.
(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade.
(2) Former USSR until 1991, Russia starting in 1992.
(3) Bituminous steam coal only. Weighted average of individual countries using volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce) Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)
50 700
45
600
40
35 500

30 400
25
300
20
15 200
10
100
5
0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal/TPES
Coal Oil Gas Nuclear Renewables Coal/Population
Coal/GDP

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

14 16

12 14

12
10
10
8
8
6
6
4
4

2 2

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Production Coal Supply Electricity and Heat Other Transformation
Exports Imports Industry Other Use

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh) Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2)
70 120

60
100

50
80
40
60
30

40
20

10 20

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal Oil Gas Hydro Nuclear Other Coal Oil Gas Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

TPES (Mtce) 17.65 22.42 31.69 39.74 43.53 44.25 43.66 3.50 2.25
Coal 3.01 4.66 11.53 12.91 13.01 12.79 12.06 8.23 0.69
Oil 13.72 16.62 18.30 22.31 24.72 25.27 24.67 1.71 2.18
Gas - - 0.20 2.43 3.18 3.36 3.92 - 20.81
Comb. Renew/Waste 0.64 0.64 1.28 1.44 1.41 1.45 1.46 4.12 0.85
Nuclear - - - - - - - - -
Hydro 0.27 0.42 0.22 0.45 0.57 0.62 0.72 -1.33 7.20
Geothermal - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -5.40
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.08 0.20 0.29 0.30 0.34 - 9.13
Net Electricity trade(1) 0.01 0.08 0.09 -0.00 0.35 0.46 0.49 17.63 11.78
Heat(2) - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries.
(2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

GDP (2000 bil. US$) 89 108 116 146 174 180 188 1.59 3.00
TPES/GDP(1) 0.20 0.21 0.27 0.27 0.25 0.25 0.23 1.88 -0.73
Population (millions) 9.1 9.8 10.3 10.9 11.1 11.1 11.1 0.76 0.48
TPES/population(1) 1.94 2.29 3.07 3.64 3.94 3.99 3.92 2.72 1.76
TPES/GDP(2) 73.2 76.1 100.5 100.0 91.9 90.1 85.1 1.88 -0.73
Coal Supply/GDP(2) 38.4 48.7 112.5 100.0 84.5 80.1 72.4 6.54 -2.24
Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 48.5 62.3 83.2 100.0 96.7 95.4 .. 3.22 0.92
Elec. Generation (TWh) 15 23 35 53 59 59 59 5.15 3.64
Industrial Production(2) 56.6 75.6 83.2 100.0 100.2 99.5 100.1 2.29 1.20
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators
(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita.
(2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Average annual
percent change
1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 78-90 90-05

Mtce:
Coking Coal - - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal 3.97 4.22 10.17 11.75 12.21 12.19 11.54 8.16 1.22
Peat - - - - - - - - -

Mt:
Coking Coal - - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal 21.82 23.20 51.90 63.89 70.04 69.40 65.65 7.49 1.96
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
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4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL*

(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 73-90 90-05
(1)
TFC 13.16 16.56 22.09 27.86 30.87 30.62 31.15 3.09 2.32
Coal 0.74 0.67 1.72 1.25 0.86 0.80 0.63 5.08 -6.45
Oil 10.21 12.81 15.36 19.23 21.79 21.33 21.66 2.43 2.32
Gas 0.00 0.00 0.16 0.54 0.73 0.85 1.02 24.99 13.18
Comb. Renew/Wastes 0.64 0.64 1.28 1.35 1.30 1.32 1.37 4.12 0.50
Geothermal - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -5.40
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.08 0.14 0.14 0.15 0.14 - 3.95
Electricity 1.56 2.45 3.50 5.30 5.97 6.11 6.25 4.86 3.95
Heat - - - 0.04 0.07 0.06 0.07 - -
of which:
Total Industry 4.21 5.55 5.71 6.36 6.18 5.80 5.93 1.80 0.25
Coal 0.53 0.45 1.51 1.22 0.85 0.79 0.62 6.35 -5.76
Oil 2.77 3.80 2.42 2.80 2.83 2.46 2.58 -0.80 0.42
Gas 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.35 0.47 0.53 0.61 21.42 30.82
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - 0.27 0.33 0.29 0.30 0.35 - 1.62
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -
Electricity 0.91 1.29 1.49 1.66 1.74 1.72 1.77 2.97 1.17
Heat - - - - - - - - -
Total Transport 3.86 5.76 8.51 10.52 11.39 11.63 11.78 4.76 2.20
Coal 0.02 0.00 0.00 - - - - -17.43 -
Oil 3.83 5.74 8.49 10.49 11.35 11.58 11.74 4.80 2.18
Gas - - - - 0.02 0.02 0.02 - -
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.02 5.92 3.15
Residential 2.83 2.87 4.39 6.46 7.92 7.77 7.91 2.62 4.01
Coal 0.06 0.06 0.03 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.00 -4.19 -12.23
Oil 1.74 1.47 2.16 3.50 4.66 4.43 4.52 1.26 5.05
Gas 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.05 0.10 4.03 26.69
Comb. Renew/Wastes 0.64 0.64 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 2.65 -
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.08 0.14 0.14 0.15 0.14 - 3.88
Electricity 0.38 0.69 1.11 1.75 2.02 2.07 2.07 6.58 4.22
Heat - - - 0.04 0.07 0.06 0.07 - -
Comm & Public Services 0.25 0.40 0.93 1.88 2.39 2.55 2.78 7.99 7.56
Coal - - 0.00 - - - - - -
Oil - - 0.23 0.36 0.50 0.53 0.64 - 7.01
Gas 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.04 0.06 0.11 9.17 19.41
Comb. Renew/Waste - - - 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 - -
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - 8.21
Electricity 0.25 0.40 0.69 1.51 1.84 1.95 2.02 6.12 7.45
Heat - - - - - - - - -
Non-Energy Use 0.77 0.71 1.00 1.04 1.18 1.27 1.09 1.56 0.60
Coal 0.12 0.15 0.17 - - - - 1.77 -
Oil 0.65 0.56 0.70 0.87 1.01 1.08 0.91 0.45 1.81
Gas - - 0.14 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.18 - 1.90
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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5. COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

Production 2.4 4.2 10.2 11.7 12.2 12.2 11.5 8.8 1.2
Imports 0.7 0.5 1.3 1.2 0.7 0.6 0.4 4.0 -5.4
Exports -0.0 - - -0.1 -0.1 -0.0 -0.0 - -
Stock Changes -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 x x
Primary Supply 3.0 4.7 11.5 12.9 13.0 12.8 12.1 8.2 0.7
Statistical Difference -0.0 -0.0 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.3 .. x x
Total Transformation -2.1 e -3.9 e -9.9 -11.7 -12.5 -12.5 .. 9.5 1.6
Electricity and Heat Gen. -2.0 -3.8 -9.8 -11.7 -12.4 -12.4 .. 9.8 1.6
Main activity producers (1) -2.0 -3.8 -9.8 -11.7 -12.4 -12.4 .. 9.8 1.6
Autoproducers - - - - - - .. - -
Gas Works -0.0 -0.0 - - - - .. - -
(2)
Coal Transformation -0.1 e -0.1 e -0.0 -0.0 -0.1 -0.0 .. -6.3 1.3
BKB plants 0.0 0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.1 -0.0 .. - 1.3
Blast Furnaces -0.1 e -0.1 e - - - - .. - -
Coke Ovens 0.0 -0.1 - - - - .. - -
Patent Fuel plants - - - - - - .. - -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - .. - -
Own use -0.1 -0.1 - - - - .. - -
Distribution Losses - - - - - - .. x x
(4)
Final Consumption 0.7 0.7 1.7 1.3 0.8 0.6 .. 5.1 -6.4
(5)
Industry sector 0.5 0.5 1.5 1.2 0.8 0.6 .. 6.3 -5.8
Iron and Steel 0.2 e 0.2 e - - - - .. - -
Chemical 0.0 0.0 0.1 - - - .. 5.6 -
Non-metallic minerals 0.0 0.0 1.2 1.0 0.5 0.4 .. 36.6 -7.5
Paper, pulp and print - - - - - - .. - -
Transport sector(6) 0.0 0.0 0.0 - - - .. -17.4 -
(7)
Other Sectors 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. -2.9 -8.1
Comm. and pub. services - - 0.0 - - - .. - -
Residential 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. -4.2 -12.2
Non-energy Use 0.1 0.1 0.2 - - - .. 1.8 -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by
* the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

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6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES*

(million tonnes) Average annual
percent change
1978 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 78-90 90-05
Steam Coal 0.15 0.16 1.38 1.12 0.83 0.78 0.56 20.18 -5.80
Total Electricity and Heat - - - 0.01 0.04 - - - -
Main activity producers - - - 0.01 0.04 - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture 0.02 0.02 - - - - - - -
Industry sector 0.13 0.14 1.38 1.12 0.79 0.77 0.56 21.66 -5.83
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - 1.29 1.05 0.63 0.63 0.43 - -7.09
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry 0.13 0.14 0.09 0.07 0.16 0.15 0.13 -3.54 2.93
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 0.00 0.00 0.00 - - - - -8.75 -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Coking Coal 0.21 0.38 - - - - - - -
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens 0.21 0.38 - - - - - - -
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector - - - - - - - - -
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal/Lignite 21.74 22.69 52.05 64.56 70.07 70.86 70.10 7.55 2.00
Total Electricity and Heat 19.83 20.63 50.53 63.86 69.46 70.23 69.43 8.11 2.14
Main activity producers 19.83 20.63 50.53 63.86 69.46 70.23 69.43 8.11 2.14
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants 0.66 0.65 0.35 0.24 0.42 0.42 0.41 -5.14 1.08
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector 0.36 0.47 0.52 0.38 0.20 0.20 0.22 2.96 -5.40
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical 0.21 0.23 0.20 - - - - -0.25 -
Non-metallic minerals - - 0.02 0.00 - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry 0.16 0.25 0.30 0.38 0.20 0.20 0.22 5.46 -1.91
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - 0.06 0.03 - 0.00 0.01 - -10.07
Non-energy use 0.83 0.82 0.58 - - - - -2.96 -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

(US Dollars / tce)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Heavy Fuel Oil 49.62 99.40 116.53 .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. c c c c c c
For Industry
Steam Coal 93.42 119.98 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 58.87 118.71 116.53 .. .. 176.61 183.42 240.10 ..
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. 170.14 152.58 194.40 202.66 261.75 ..
Natural Gas x x x 153.52 140.75 172.25 180.68 243.00 ..

(Euro / unit)(2)
For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Heavy Fuel Oil 7.35 17.04 74.15 .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. c c c c c c
For Industry
Steam Coal 8.82 13.11 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 8.72 20.35 74.15 .. .. 214.36 202.50 265.07 ..
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. 249.44 222.02 235.94 223.73 288.97 ..
Natural Gas x x x 211.00 192.00 196.00 187.00 251.50 ..
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL*

(Mtce)

1973 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Imports 0.67 0.55 1.31 1.16 0.92 0.70 0.72 0.57 0.44
Hard Coal 0.63 0.51 1.28 1.16 0.92 0.69 0.71 0.56 0.44
Coking Coal .. 0.38 - - - - - - -
Steam Coal .. 0.13 1.28 1.16 0.92 0.69 0.71 0.56 0.44
Brown Coal / Lignite - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Total Exports 0.03 - - 0.06 0.03 0.10 0.05 0.04 0.04

Hard Coal - - - 0.05 0.01 0.06 0.02 0.01 0.01
Coking Coal .. - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal .. - - 0.05 0.01 0.06 0.02 0.01 0.01
Brown Coal / Lignite - - - 0.00 - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 0.03 - - - 0.02 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.02
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

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9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Hard Coal 349 533 1380 1245 991 747 814 646 498

Coking Coal 213 384 - - - - - - -

Australia 159 285 - - - - - - -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Poland 54 99 - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States - - - - - - - - -
Other OECD - - - - - - - - -

China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -

Colombia - - - - - - - - -
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - - - - - - - -
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - - - - - - -
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - - -
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - - -

Steam Coal 136 149 1380 1245 991 747 814 646 498
Australia 48 123 - 110 - - - - -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic 1 1 - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Poland 75 - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States - - 35 - - - - - -
Other OECD - - 4 - 72 503 69 71 124

China, People's Rep. - - - 119 - - 136 - -

Colombia - - - - - - - - 71
Indonesia - - - 205 214 - 63 63 -
South Africa - - 1017 447 305 - - 132 22
Former USSR(2) 12 25 - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - 324 321 400 244 546 380 243
Other Former USSR (3) - - - 43 - - - - 37
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - - 1
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN*

(Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne)

1988 1990 1995 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Coking Coal(1) 34.49 40.74 288.28 490.04 .. .. 306.61 304.84 306.70

Imports from:
Australia .. 40.88 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Canada .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Czech Republic 182.83 201.72 288.28 .. .. .. .. .. ..
Poland .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
United States .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
China .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Colombia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
South Africa 34.44 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Former USSR(2) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

Steam Coal(3) 36.23 43.47 42.95 41.13 36.81 37.53 58.84 54.72 70.79
Imports from:
Australia 34.95 .. .. 41.27 .. .. .. .. ..
Canada .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Czech Republic 104.47 131.94 179.85 120.76 118.52 143.55 178.07 198.06 198.12
Poland .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
United States .. 52.03 .. 35.89 .. .. 76.30 .. ..
China .. .. .. 40.52 .. .. 41.49 .. ..
Colombia 32.86 29.06 45.00 47.20 .. .. .. .. 77.16
South Africa 37.11 .. 40.52 41.17 36.47 .. .. 69.89 69.59
Former USSR(2) 36.12 42.36 54.16 40.92 .. 39.33 64.21 46.37 69.71
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.
(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade.
(2) Former USSR until 1991, Russia starting in 1992.
(3) Bituminous steam coal only. Weighted average of individual countries using volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce) Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)
45 120

40
100
35

30 80

25
60
20

15 40

10
20
5

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal/TPES
Coal Oil Gas Nuclear Renewables Coal/Population
Coal/GDP

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

14 14

12 12

10 10

8 8

6 6

4 4

2 2

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Production Coal Supply Electricity and Heat Other Transformation
Exports Imports Industry Other Use

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh) Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2)
40 100

35 90
80
30
70
25
60
20 50

15 40
30
10
20
5
10
0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal Oil Gas Hydro Nuclear Other Coal Oil Gas Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

TPES (Mtce) 30.47 40.71 40.80 35.73 37.65 39.66 39.45 1.73 -0.19
Coal 11.29 12.04 8.74 5.68 4.95 4.39 4.47 -1.50 -4.49
Oil 11.72 15.62 12.16 9.81 9.20 10.32 10.99 0.22 -1.08
Gas 5.96 11.39 12.73 13.79 16.73 17.27 16.36 4.57 2.06
Comb. Renew/Waste 0.91 0.74 0.54 0.59 1.24 1.59 1.54 -3.05 7.45
Nuclear - - 5.11 5.30 4.46 5.17 5.03 - 0.08
Hydro 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.02 3.39 0.85
Geothermal - - 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.13 - 0.05
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - 0.00 0.00 0.01 - -
Net Electricity trade(1) 0.57 0.91 1.37 0.42 0.92 0.77 0.89 5.26 -3.81
Heat(2) - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries.
(2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

GDP (2000 bil. US$) 31 e 40 e 44 e 48 57 59 62 2.14 1.95

TPES/GDP(1) 0.98 e 1.03 e 0.92 e 0.75 0.66 0.67 0.64 -0.41 -2.09
Population (millions) 10.4 10.7 10.4 10.2 10.1 10.1 10.1 -0.03 -0.18
TPES/population(1) 2.92 3.80 3.94 3.50 3.73 3.93 3.92 1.77 -0.01
TPES/GDP(2) 132.1 e 137.8 e 123.3 e 100.0 88.9 89.8 85.9 -0.41 -2.09
Coal Supply/GDP(2) 308.3 e 256.7 e 166.4 e 100.0 73.6 62.5 61.4 -3.56 -6.32
Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 92.4 e 105.1 e 115.9 e 100.0 91.1 88.8 .. 1.34 -1.76
Elec. Generation (TWh) 18 24 28 35 34 36 36 2.85 1.54
Industrial Production(2) .. 69.3 67.6 100.0 121.5 129.9 143.1 - 4.45
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators
(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita.
(2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Average annual
percent change
1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 78-90 90-05

Mtce:
Coking Coal 0.87 0.89 0.17 - - - - -12.69 -
Steam Coal - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal 8.20 8.17 5.74 4.13 3.12 2.50 2.60 -2.92 -5.40
Peat - - - - - - - - -

Mt:
Coking Coal 0.86 0.88 0.17 - - - - -12.69 -
Steam Coal - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal 25.24 25.14 17.66 14.03 11.24 9.57 9.95 -2.93 -4.00
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
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4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL*

(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 73-90 90-05
(1)
TFC 24.48 31.88 30.02 24.75 27.14 27.44 29.09 1.21 -0.21
Coal 5.96 5.33 3.83 1.01 0.94 1.00 1.03 -2.57 -8.36
Oil 9.58 13.39 10.58 7.89 8.17 8.70 9.80 0.58 -0.51
Gas 4.39 6.86 8.85 9.56 11.04 11.07 11.49 4.21 1.75
Comb. Renew/Wastes 0.88 0.71 0.48 0.50 1.06 0.90 0.81 -3.46 3.48
Geothermal - - 0.12 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 - -0.45
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -
Electricity 2.16 3.14 3.88 3.62 3.86 3.91 3.97 3.52 0.16
Heat 1.51 2.46 2.27 2.07 1.95 1.75 1.87 2.43 -1.30
of which:
Total Industry 9.29 11.14 9.03 4.90 4.99 4.61 4.63 -0.17 -4.35
Coal 2.66 2.31 1.14 0.66 0.55 0.64 0.67 -4.88 -3.45
Oil 2.20 2.44 1.29 0.38 0.37 0.41 0.34 -3.08 -8.51
Gas 2.42 3.76 4.58 1.96 2.10 1.77 1.79 3.83 -6.05
Comb. Renew/Wastes 0.03 0.02 0.00 0.09 0.11 0.11 0.15 -10.48 26.90
Geothermal - - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 1.32 1.70 1.69 1.08 1.18 1.17 1.14 1.46 -2.59
Heat 0.66 0.91 0.33 0.74 0.68 0.50 0.54 -4.03 3.35
Total Transport 3.38 4.36 4.50 4.76 5.45 5.70 6.11 1.71 2.05
Coal 0.54 0.18 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 -30.33 12.81
Oil 2.74 4.04 4.36 4.63 5.32 5.56 5.95 2.76 2.10
Gas - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - 22.37
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - - - 0.00 0.01 - -
Electricity 0.10 0.13 0.15 0.12 0.13 0.13 0.13 2.40 -0.52
Residential 5.44 7.39 9.30 7.50 9.43 8.78 9.15 3.20 -0.11
Coal 1.99 2.48 2.49 0.27 0.35 0.33 0.34 1.32 -12.34
Oil 1.44 1.79 1.70 0.45 0.34 0.34 0.25 0.99 -11.97
Gas 0.49 0.88 2.35 4.32 5.64 5.10 5.61 9.71 5.98
Comb. Renew/Wastes 0.80 0.65 0.45 0.30 0.83 0.69 0.57 -3.36 1.63
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -
Electricity 0.31 0.62 1.13 1.20 1.36 1.36 1.37 7.83 1.28
Heat 0.41 0.98 1.19 0.95 0.91 0.96 1.00 6.43 -1.10
Comm & Public Services 1.61 2.01 2.77 4.21 4.30 4.98 4.94 3.25 3.93
Coal 0.61 0.30 0.13 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.00 -8.68 -21.54
Oil 0.24 0.65 0.41 0.10 0.08 0.06 0.06 3.15 -11.89
Gas 0.19 0.30 0.88 2.53 2.70 3.43 3.26 9.41 9.14
Comb. Renew/Waste - 0.00 0.01 0.08 0.09 0.08 0.06 - 10.28
Geothermal - - - - 0.00 0.00 0.01 - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - 0.00 - -
Electricity 0.28 0.33 0.68 1.09 1.06 1.12 1.22 5.28 3.97
Heat 0.28 0.43 0.65 0.37 0.36 0.28 0.33 5.08 -4.51
Non-Energy Use 1.99 3.69 2.51 2.28 1.97 2.39 3.36 1.36 1.98
Coal - - - - - - - - -
Oil 1.14 2.39 1.72 1.81 1.66 1.93 2.85 2.47 3.43
Gas 0.86 1.30 0.79 0.47 0.31 0.46 0.51 -0.48 -2.82
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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5. COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

Production 8.6 9.1 5.9 4.1 3.1 2.5 2.6 -2.2 -5.6
Imports 2.5 3.2 2.3 1.7 1.7 2.1 2.2 -0.4 -0.7
Exports -0.2 -0.0 -0.0 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.4 -28.6 49.7
Stock Changes 0.3 -0.2 0.5 -0.0 0.3 0.0 0.1 x x
Primary Supply 11.3 12.0 8.7 5.7 5.0 4.4 4.5 -1.5 -4.5
Statistical Difference 1.2 0.6 0.3 0.0 -0.0 -0.0 .. x x
Total Transformation -6.5 e -7.3 e -5.2 e -4.7 e -3.9 e -3.3 e .. -1.3 -3.0
Electricity and Heat Gen. -5.8 -6.9 -5.3 -4.3 -3.7 -3.1 .. -0.5 -3.6
Main activity producers (1) -5.4 -6.5 -5.1 -4.3 -3.7 -3.1 .. -0.2 -3.4
Autoproducers -0.4 -0.4 -0.2 -0.0 - - .. -4.5 -
Gas Works -0.1 -0.1 - - - - .. - -
(2)
Coal Transformation -0.6 e -0.4 e 0.1 e -0.4 e -0.2 e -0.2 e .. - -
BKB plants 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.0 0.0 -0.0 .. 1.9 -
Blast Furnaces -0.4 e -0.4 e -0.2 e -0.2 e -0.1 e -0.1 e .. -4.2 -3.0
Coke Ovens -0.4 -0.4 -0.2 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 .. -3.5 -4.2
Patent Fuel plants -0.1 0.0 0.0 - - - .. - -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - .. - -
Own use -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 - -0.0 -0.0 .. -6.5 -12.0
Distribution Losses -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 - - -0.0 .. x x
(4)
Final Consumption 6.0 5.3 3.8 1.0 1.0 1.0 .. -2.6 -8.4
(5)
Industry sector 2.7 2.3 1.1 0.7 0.6 0.7 .. -4.9 -3.5
Iron and Steel 1.4 e 1.5 e 0.9 e 0.5 e 0.5 e 0.5 e .. -2.8 -3.9
Chemical 0.1 0.1 0.0 - - - .. -7.9 -
Non-metallic minerals 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 .. -9.7 5.1
Paper, pulp and print 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - - .. -14.1 -
Transport sector(6) 0.5 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. -30.3 12.8
(7)
Other Sectors 2.8 2.8 2.7 0.3 0.3 0.4 .. -0.1 -12.6
Comm. and pub. services 0.6 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. -8.7 -21.5
Residential 2.0 2.5 2.5 0.3 0.3 0.3 .. 1.3 -12.3
Non-energy Use - - - - - - .. - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by
* the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

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6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES*

(million tonnes) Average annual
percent change
1978 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 78-90 90-05
Steam Coal - - - - 0.36 0.44 0.53 - -
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - 0.16 0.17 0.21 - -
Main activity producers - - - - 0.16 0.17 0.21 - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - 0.00 0.01 0.01 - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector - - - - 0.06 0.12 0.19 - -
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - 0.06 0.12 0.19 - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - - - - - 0.00 - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - - - 0.14 0.13 0.11 - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Coking Coal 1.74 1.70 0.97 1.28 0.78 0.86 0.81 -4.74 -1.22
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - 0.01 0.03 - - -
Main activity producers - - - - 0.01 0.03 - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens 1.38 1.41 0.96 1.28 0.77 0.83 0.81 -3.04 -1.11
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector 0.01 0.01 0.00 - - - - -10.91 -
Iron and Steel 0.01 0.01 0.00 - - - - -9.91 -
Chemical 0.00 0.00 - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 0.16 0.18 0.01 - - - - -20.46 -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal/Lignite 26.22 25.85 19.33 14.48 13.55 12.17 10.25 -2.51 -4.14
Total Electricity and Heat 18.29 18.56 14.53 13.60 13.02 11.79 9.81 -1.90 -2.58
Main activity producers 17.61 17.91 14.34 13.60 13.02 11.79 9.81 -1.70 -2.50
Autoproducers 0.68 0.65 0.20 0.00 - - - -9.79 -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants 1.42 1.47 1.83 0.10 0.02 0.02 0.02 2.14 -26.78
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector 2.67 2.26 0.65 0.14 0.04 0.03 0.00 -11.15 -30.10
Iron and Steel 0.27 0.26 0.08 - 0.00 - - -9.63 -
Chemical 0.27 0.29 0.09 - - - - -8.72 -
Non-metallic minerals 1.06 0.75 0.20 0.14 0.03 0.02 - -13.03 -
Paper, Pulp and Print 0.06 0.05 0.01 0.00 - - - -17.57 -
Other industry 1.00 0.92 0.27 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 -10.39 -25.90
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 3.18 3.21 2.18 0.55 0.39 0.33 0.36 -3.11 -11.32
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

(US Dollars / tce)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal .. 13.26 31.18 c c c c c c
Heavy Fuel Oil .. 60.78 64.33 105.44 115.48 .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. 51.33 76.50 77.67 147.17 168.63 195.50 222.37 304.81
For Industry
Steam Coal .. 40.17 83.42 .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal c c c c c c c c c
High Suplhur Fuel Oil .. 77.69 70.64 95.90 120.47 .. .. .. ..
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. 99.69 134.07 162.01 .. 243.42 283.95
Natural Gas .. 66.66 102.01 85.27 112.00 183.31 223.78 268.86 350.89

(Hungarian Forints / unit)(2)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal .. 372 1700 c c c c c c
Heavy Fuel Oil .. 2740 5635 41246 41190 .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. 2147 6217 28191 48706 48631 50925 57038 82454
For Industry
Steam Coal .. 917 3700 .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal c c c c c c c c c
High Suplhur Fuel Oil .. 3430 6060 36743 42082 .. .. .. ..
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. 38194 46835 49317 .. 65906 81081
Natural Gas .. 2788 8290 30950 37066 52865 58292 68963 94922
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL*

(Mtce)

1973 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Imports 2.49 3.17 2.33 1.73 1.35 1.50 1.72 2.08 2.25
Hard Coal 0.66 0.85 0.64 1.26 0.82 1.07 1.29 1.43 1.77
Coking Coal .. 0.85 0.64 1.26 0.56 0.76 0.90 0.96 1.35
Steam Coal .. - - - 0.26 0.32 0.39 0.47 0.42
Brown Coal / Lignite 0.40 0.57 0.79 0.46 0.15 0.20 0.23 0.43 0.42
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 1.43 1.74 0.90 0.01 0.38 0.24 0.20 0.22 0.06

Total Exports 0.16 0.03 0.00 0.19 0.06 0.07 0.16 0.22 0.43
Hard Coal - - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Coking Coal .. - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal .. - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Brown Coal / Lignite 0.04 0.03 0.00 0.00 - 0.01 0.02 0.11 0.15
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 0.12 - - 0.19 0.06 0.07 0.13 0.10 0.28
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

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9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Hard Coal 817 812 610 1234 818 1086 1336 1447 1759

Coking Coal 817 812 610 1234 528 724 872 898 1260
Australia - - - - - 32 88 115 31
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - 800 488 431 303 230 450
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - 251 11 109 83 217 154
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States - - - 51 29 7 3 52 105
Other OECD - - - - - - - - -

China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -

Colombia - - - - - - - - -
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - - - - - - - -
Former USSR(2) 817 e 812 e - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - 610 e 132 - 141 357 284 220
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - 4 38 - 300
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - - -

Steam Coal - - - - 290 362 464 549 499

Australia - - - - - - - - -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - 40 20 - 19 66
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - 196 245 269 263 218
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States - - - - - - - - -
Other OECD - - - - - - - 2 -

China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -

Colombia - - - - - - - - -
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - - - - - - - -
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - - 34 96 195 266 215
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - 20 1 - - -
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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Iceland*
Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce) Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)
6 12000

5 10000

4 8000

3 6000

2 4000

1 2000

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal/TPES
Coal Oil Gas Nuclear Renewables Coal/Population
Coal/GDP

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

0.16 0.16

0.14 0.14

0.12 0.12

0.10 0.10

0.08 0.08

0.06 0.06

0.04 0.04

0.02 0.02

0.00 0.00
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Production Coal Supply Electricity and Heat Other Transformation
Exports Imports Industry Other Use

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh) Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2)
10 2.5
9
8 2.0
7
6 1.5
5
4 1.0
3
2 0.5
1
0 0.0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal Oil Gas Hydro Nuclear Other Coal Oil Gas Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

TPES (Mtce) 1.77 2.19 3.10 4.63 5.00 5.18 6.11 3.35 3.48
Coal 0.00 0.03 0.09 0.14 0.15 0.14 0.14 31.25 2.96
Oil 1.00 0.88 1.01 1.20 1.25 1.27 1.23 0.08 1.55
Gas - - - - - - - - -
Comb. Renew/Waste - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -
Nuclear - - - - - - - - -
Hydro 0.27 0.38 0.52 0.78 0.88 0.86 0.90 3.86 3.48
Geothermal 0.50 0.91 1.48 2.51 2.72 2.90 3.84 6.58 4.57
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Net Electricity trade(1) - - - - - - - - -
Heat(2) - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries.
(2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

GDP (2000 bil. US$) 4 5 7 9 10 11 11 3.81 3.06

TPES/GDP(1) 0.50 0.43 0.46 0.54 0.51 0.49 0.56 -0.45 0.40
Population (millions) 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 1.09 1.00
TPES/population(1) 8.36 9.62 12.17 16.49 17.05 17.50 20.51 2.23 2.45
TPES/GDP(2) 92.5 79.4 85.7 100.0 94.4 91.0 104.5 -0.45 0.40
Coal Supply/GDP(2) 1.6 30.1 84.1 100.0 92.2 82.9 82.3 26.43 -0.09
Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 72.2 69.2 72.1 100.0 98.4 92.0 .. -0.01 1.63
Elec. Generation (TWh) 2 3 5 8 9 9 10 3.99 4.47
Industrial Production(2) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators
(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita.
(2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Average annual
percent change
1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 78-90 90-05

Mtce:
Coking Coal - - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -

Mt:
Coking Coal - - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
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4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL*

(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 73-90 90-05
(1)
TFC 1.64 1.88 2.46 3.22 3.38 3.42 3.40 2.44 2.16
Coal 0.00 0.03 0.09 0.14 0.13 0.15 0.14 31.25 2.96
Oil 0.94 0.83 0.97 1.20 1.20 1.25 1.27 0.14 1.84
Gas - - - - - - - - -
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - - - - - - -
Geothermal 0.44 0.63 0.78 0.78 0.82 0.76 0.74 3.52 -0.42
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 0.25 0.35 0.48 0.85 0.93 0.96 0.96 3.81 4.75
Heat - 0.05 0.14 0.25 0.30 0.30 0.28 - 4.83
of which:
Total Industry 0.39 0.50 0.60 1.03 1.11 1.14 1.09 2.61 4.11
Coal - 0.03 0.09 0.14 0.13 0.15 0.14 - 2.96
Oil 0.16 0.20 0.13 0.16 0.18 0.19 0.18 -1.31 2.23
Gas - - - - - - - - -
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - - - - - - -
Geothermal 0.04 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.05 2.53 -1.55
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 0.18 0.24 0.31 0.64 0.72 0.73 0.72 3.19 5.71
Heat - - - - - - - - -
Total Transport 0.35 0.27 0.42 0.51 0.47 0.51 0.53 1.08 1.66
Coal - - - - - - - - -
Oil 0.35 0.27 0.42 0.51 0.47 0.51 0.53 1.08 1.60
Gas - - - - - - - - -
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - - - - - - -
Electricity - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -
Residential 0.64 0.76 0.83 0.86 0.94 0.89 0.88 1.51 0.40
Coal 0.00 - - - - - - - -
Oil 0.25 0.10 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 -13.33 -5.78
Gas - - - - - - - - -
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - - - - - - -
Geothermal 0.35 0.54 0.63 0.56 0.60 0.54 0.54 3.58 -1.01
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 0.04 0.08 0.07 0.07 0.08 0.08 0.08 2.88 1.22
Heat - 0.04 0.11 0.21 0.26 0.26 0.24 - 5.72
Comm & Public Services 0.03 0.04 0.10 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.20 7.17 4.69
Coal - - - - - - - - -
Oil - - - - - - - - -
Gas - - - - - - - - -
Comb. Renew/Waste - - - - - - - - -
Geothermal 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.06 0.07 0.07 0.07 3.13 5.47
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 0.01 0.02 0.06 0.09 0.10 0.11 0.11 9.56 4.32
Heat - 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 - 4.36
Non-Energy Use 0.03 0.02 0.09 0.18 0.19 0.21 0.22 6.45 6.17
Coal - - - - - - - - -
Oil 0.03 0.02 0.09 0.18 0.19 0.21 0.22 6.45 6.17
Gas - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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5. COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

Production - - - - - - - - -
Imports 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 31.3 3.0
Exports - - - - - - - - -
Stock Changes - - - - - - - x x
Primary Supply 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 31.3 3.0
Statistical Difference - - - - - - .. x x
Total Transformation - - - - - - .. - -
Electricity and Heat Gen. - - - - - - .. - -
Main activity producers (1) - - - - - - .. - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - .. - -
Gas Works - - - - - - .. - -
(2)
Coal Transformation - - - - - - .. - -
BKB plants - - - - - - .. - -
Blast Furnaces - - - - - - .. - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - .. - -
Patent Fuel plants - - - - - - .. - -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - .. - -
Own use - - - - - - .. - -
Distribution Losses - - - - - - .. x x
(4)
Final Consumption 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 .. 31.3 3.0
(5)
Industry sector - 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 .. - 3.0
Iron and Steel - 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 .. - 3.3
Chemical - - - - - - .. - -
Non-metallic minerals - - 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. - 0.3
Paper, pulp and print - - - - - - .. - -
Transport sector(6) - - - - - - .. - -
(7)
Other Sectors 0.0 - - - - - .. - -
Comm. and pub. services - - - - - - .. - -
Residential 0.0 - - - - - .. - -
Non-energy Use - - - - - - .. - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by
* the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

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6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES*

(million tonnes) Average annual
percent change
1978 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 78-90 90-05
Steam Coal - 0.01 0.05 0.09 0.07 0.09 0.10 - 4.66
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector - 0.01 0.05 0.09 0.07 0.09 0.10 - 4.66
Iron and Steel - 0.01 0.05 0.09 0.07 0.09 0.10 - 4.66
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Coking Coal - - 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 - 0.50
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector - - 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 - 0.50
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 - 0.50
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal/Lignite - - - - - - - - -
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector - - - - - - - - -
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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Iceland

7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

(US Dollars / tce)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Heavy Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
For Industry
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
High Suplhur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

(Icelandic Krona / unit)(2)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Heavy Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
For Industry
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
High Suplhur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL*

(Mtce)

1973 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Imports 0.00 0.03 0.09 0.14 0.14 0.13 0.15 0.14 0.14
Hard Coal 0.00 0.01 0.06 0.10 0.09 0.08 0.10 0.11 0.11
Coking Coal .. - 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01
Steam Coal .. 0.01 0.05 0.08 0.08 0.07 0.08 0.10 0.10
Brown Coal / Lignite - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) - 0.01 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.03 0.03

Total Exports - - - - - - - - -
Hard Coal - - - - - - - - -
Coking Coal .. - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal .. - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal / Lignite - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

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9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Hard Coal - 12 65 101 98 85 104 117 119

Coking Coal - - 13 14 13 11 18 14 14
Australia - - - - - - - - -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - 7 - 6 6 7 6
United Kingdom - - 13 - - - - - -
United States - - - - - - - - -
Other OECD - - - 7 13 5 12 7 8

China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -

Colombia - - - - - - - - -
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - - - - - - - -
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - - - - - - -
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - - -
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - - -

Steam Coal - 12 52 87 85 74 86 103 105

Australia - - - - - - - - -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - 6 8 2 9 39 2
Poland - 12 - - - - - 1 -
United Kingdom - - - 4 - - - - -
United States - - 52 48 - - - 9 -
Other OECD - - - 19 77 72 77 54 103

China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -

Colombia - - - 10 - - - - -
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - - - - - - - -
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - - - - - - -
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - - -
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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Ireland*
Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce) Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)
25 160

140
20
120

100
15
80

10 60

40
5
20

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal/TPES
Coal Oil Gas Nuclear Renewables Coal/Population
Coal/GDP

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

6 6

5 5

4 4

3 3

2 2

1 1

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Production Coal Supply Electricity and Heat Other Transformation
Exports Imports Industry Other Use

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh) Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2)
30 50
45
25
40

20 35
30
15 25
20
10
15
10
5
5
0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal Oil Gas Hydro Nuclear Other Coal Oil Gas Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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Ireland

1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

TPES (Mtce) 10.27 12.12 14.81 20.40 21.64 21.84 23.08 2.18 2.62
Coal 2.26 2.73 4.93 3.61 3.20 3.84 3.79 4.69 -1.66
Oil 7.92 8.24 6.96 11.50 12.60 12.24 12.64 -0.76 3.83
Gas - 1.05 2.67 4.91 5.21 4.96 5.73 - 4.20
Comb. Renew/Waste - - 0.15 0.23 0.28 0.34 0.35 - 5.51
Nuclear - - - - - - - - -
Hydro 0.08 0.10 0.09 0.10 0.08 0.08 0.10 0.47 -0.66
Geothermal - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.00 0.03 0.08 0.14 0.23 - 65.99
Net Electricity trade(1) 0.01 - - 0.01 0.19 0.25 0.23 - -
Heat(2) - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries.
(2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

GDP (2000 bil. US$) 25 34 48 96 118 124 132 4.05 6.49

TPES/GDP(1) 0.42 0.36 0.31 0.21 0.18 0.18 0.18 -1.80 -3.63
Population (millions) 3.1 3.4 3.5 3.8 4.1 4.1 4.2 0.78 1.13
TPES/population(1) 3.34 3.56 4.22 5.37 5.33 5.26 5.56 1.39 1.48
TPES/GDP(2) 197.1 169.0 144.6 100.0 86.9 83.1 82.8 -1.80 -3.63
Coal Supply/GDP(2) 245.6 214.7 272.3 100.0 72.6 82.6 76.9 0.61 -7.65
Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 118.7 120.5 116.6 100.0 93.1 93.2 .. -0.11 -1.48
Elec. Generation (TWh) 7 11 14 24 25 26 27 3.96 4.00
Industrial Production(2) .. 16.8 30.9 100.0 123.8 127.6 134.1 - 9.92
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators
(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita.
(2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Average annual
percent change
1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 78-90 90-05

Mtce:
Coking Coal - - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal 0.02 0.06 0.02 - - - - 0.45 -
Brown Coal - - - - - - - - -
Peat 1.50 1.49 2.02 1.38 1.27 1.16 1.08 2.50 -3.63

Mt:
Coking Coal - - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal 0.02 0.06 0.03 - - - - 1.46 -
Brown Coal - - - - - - - - -
Peat 5.24 5.21 6.52 4.81 4.40 3.96 3.69 1.82 -3.27
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
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4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL*

(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 73-90 90-05
(1)
TFC 7.74 9.44 11.42 16.26 16.96 17.32 18.30 2.31 3.19
Coal 1.33 1.82 2.45 1.01 0.94 0.95 1.01 3.68 -5.77
Oil 5.51 5.95 5.93 10.29 11.14 11.39 12.09 0.43 4.86
Gas 0.15 0.62 1.43 2.26 1.82 1.89 1.91 14.31 1.97
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - 0.15 0.20 0.22 0.25 0.30 - 4.59
Geothermal - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - 16.16
Electricity 0.76 1.06 1.46 2.49 2.83 2.83 2.99 3.94 4.91
Heat - - - - - - - - -
of which:
Total Industry 2.45 3.12 2.49 3.59 3.37 3.36 3.53 0.12 2.35
Coal 0.06 0.15 0.37 0.17 0.18 0.21 0.23 10.91 -2.94
Oil 2.08 2.06 0.98 1.65 1.52 1.50 1.51 -4.34 2.96
Gas 0.04 0.52 0.51 0.67 0.62 0.62 0.61 17.04 1.20
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - 0.09 0.14 0.15 0.18 0.23 - 6.55
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 0.27 0.39 0.55 0.95 0.89 0.85 0.94 4.28 3.64
Heat - - - - - - - - -
Total Transport 2.01 2.54 2.90 5.86 6.47 6.73 7.29 2.19 6.33
Coal - - - - - - - - -
Oil 2.01 2.54 2.90 5.85 6.47 6.72 7.28 2.19 6.33
Gas - - - - - - - - -
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - - - - 0.00 - -
Electricity - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 - 9.09
Residential 2.60 2.61 3.36 3.62 3.96 4.09 4.09 1.53 1.32
Coal 1.26 1.57 2.06 0.83 0.72 0.70 0.73 2.93 -6.66
Oil 0.90 0.51 0.56 1.32 1.55 1.58 1.62 -2.82 7.41
Gas 0.11 0.10 0.17 0.63 0.77 0.85 0.74 2.41 10.46
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 - -0.15
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - 16.16
Electricity 0.32 0.44 0.51 0.78 0.86 0.90 0.92 2.80 4.05
Heat - - - - - - - - -
Comm & Public Services 0.36 0.84 1.41 1.95 2.33 2.29 2.48 8.41 3.83
Coal - 0.11 0.02 0.01 0.04 0.04 0.04 - 3.41
Oil 0.19 0.51 0.91 0.84 0.85 0.82 0.84 9.65 -0.52
Gas - - 0.13 0.42 0.43 0.43 0.56 - 9.95
Comb. Renew/Waste - - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -
Geothermal - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 0.17 0.22 0.34 0.69 1.00 1.00 1.04 4.32 7.67
Heat - - - - - - - - -
Non-Energy Use 0.30 0.29 0.89 0.79 0.36 0.40 0.45 6.68 -4.53
Coal - - - - - - - - -
Oil 0.30 0.29 0.28 0.25 0.36 0.40 0.45 -0.36 3.15
Gas - - 0.61 0.55 0.00 - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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5. COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

Production 1.5 1.5 2.0 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.7 -3.7
Imports 0.8 1.2 2.9 2.4 2.8 2.8 2.8 7.7 -0.2
Exports -0.1 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -6.4 -1.5
Stock Changes 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.2 -0.8 -0.1 -0.1 x x
Primary Supply 2.3 2.7 4.9 3.6 3.2 3.8 3.8 4.7 -1.7
Statistical Difference - -0.0 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.0 .. x x
Total Transformation -0.9 -0.9 -2.9 -2.8 -2.5 -2.8 .. 6.8 -0.1
Electricity and Heat Gen. -0.9 -0.8 -2.7 -2.7 -2.4 -2.7 .. 6.5 0.1
Main activity producers (1) -0.9 -0.8 -2.7 -2.7 -2.4 -2.7 .. 6.4 0.2
Autoproducers - -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 .. - -0.8
Gas Works -0.0 -0.0 - - - - .. - -
(2)
Coal Transformation - 0.0 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 .. - -4.9
BKB plants - 0.0 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 .. - -4.1
Blast Furnaces - - - - - - .. - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - .. - -
Patent Fuel plants - - - 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. - -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - .. - -
Own use - - -0.0 -0.0 -0.1 -0.0 .. - 4.2
Distribution Losses - - - - - - .. x x
(4)
Final Consumption 1.3 1.8 2.5 1.0 1.0 1.0 .. 3.7 -5.8
(5)
Industry sector 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 .. 10.9 -2.9
Iron and Steel 0.0 0.0 0.0 - - - .. 8.2 -
Chemical - - 0.0 - - - .. - -
Non-metallic minerals - - 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 .. - -0.4
Paper, pulp and print - - - - - - .. - -
Transport sector(6) - - - - - - .. - -
(7)
Other Sectors 1.3 1.7 2.1 0.8 0.7 0.8 .. 3.0 -6.4
Comm. and pub. services - 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. - 3.4
Residential 1.3 1.6 2.1 0.8 0.7 0.7 .. 2.9 -6.7
Non-energy Use - - - - - - .. - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by
* the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

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6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES*

(million tonnes) Average annual
percent change
1978 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 78-90 90-05
Steam Coal 0.54 1.07 3.18 2.94 2.73 2.81 2.87 15.88 -0.69
Total Electricity and Heat 0.02 0.05 1.97 2.35 2.20 2.24 2.29 45.40 1.02
Main activity producers 0.02 0.05 1.96 2.34 2.19 2.23 2.28 45.37 1.01
Autoproducers - - 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 - 3.46
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.04 - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture 0.03 0.02 - - - - - - -
Industry sector 0.04 0.14 0.34 0.18 0.19 0.22 0.25 19.66 -2.06
Iron and Steel - - 0.00 - - - - - -
Chemical - - 0.03 - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - 0.19 0.11 0.14 0.19 0.18 - -0.43
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry 0.04 0.14 0.12 0.07 0.05 0.03 0.07 9.43 -3.63
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 0.46 0.81 1.05 0.36 0.32 0.31 0.31 7.25 -7.81
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Coking Coal - - 0.01 - - - - - -
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector - - 0.01 - - - - - -
Iron and Steel - - 0.01 - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal/Lignite - - 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.04 0.05 - 2.24
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector - - - - - - - - -
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.05 - 1.85
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

(US Dollars / tce)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal .. .. 63.11 34.26 42.37 40.16 75.99 79.21 69.22
Heavy Fuel Oil .. .. 82.37 103.73 110.26 138.51 150.48 210.16 253.40
Natural Gas .. .. 90.97 77.04 117.15 130.87 c c c
For Industry
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal x x x x x x x x x
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 102.26 180.84 115.42 168.24 182.96 223.20 243.22 309.06 367.94
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas 189.24 507.59 257.44 88.82 142.95 180.95 226.89 290.90 362.36

(Euro / unit)(2)
For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal .. .. 42.89 32.89 39.78 31.45 54.13 56.42 48.82
Heavy Fuel Oil .. .. 85.67 152.42 158.43 166.01 164.05 229.12 273.51
Natural Gas .. .. 89.83 107.47 159.81 148.91 c c c
For Industry
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal x x x x x x x x x
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 91.68 151.35 120.05 247.21 262.90 267.52 265.16 336.94 397.14
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas 161.07 403.32 254.20 123.90 195.00 205.90 234.83 301.08 371.32
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL*

(Mtce)

1973 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Imports 0.83 1.20 2.90 2.44 2.61 2.53 2.77 2.84 2.84
Hard Coal 0.81 1.19 2.85 2.42 2.57 2.49 2.74 2.80 2.80
Coking Coal .. - 0.01 - - - - - -
Steam Coal .. 1.19 2.83 2.42 2.57 2.49 2.74 2.80 2.80
Brown Coal / Lignite - - 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.04
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 0.01 0.01 0.03 - - - - 0.00 0.00

Total Exports 0.10 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03
Hard Coal 0.07 0.04 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01
Coking Coal .. - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal .. 0.04 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01
Brown Coal / Lignite - - 0.00 - - - - - -
Peat - 0.00 - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 0.03 - 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

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9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Hard Coal 565 1188 3081 2747 2871 2616 2886 2947 2946

Coking Coal - - 14 - - - - - -
Australia - - - - - - - - -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - 2 - - - - - -
Poland - - 2 - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States - - 2 - - - - - -
Other OECD - - 5 - - - - - -

China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -

Colombia - - 3 - - - - - -
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - - - - - - - -
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - - - - - - -
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - - -
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - - -

Steam Coal 565 1188 3067 2747 2871 2616 2886 2947 2946
Australia 6 2 - 292 513 600 1224 299 299
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - 9 21 - - - - - -
Poland 331 483 430 176 228 256 268 288 118
United Kingdom 214 276 302 123 38 42 62 19 5
United States - 408 1277 452 334 222 - - -
Other OECD - - 115 - - 37 38 36 36

China, People's Rep. - - 7 - 1 4 4 9 9

Colombia - - 667 904 873 454 1244 1013 1013
Indonesia - - 17 327 466 - - 602 602
South Africa 11 10 71 418 301 808 4 634 634
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - 15 - 4 6 3 - -
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - 9 17
Venezuela - - 5 - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other 3 - 140 55 113 187 39 38 213
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN*

(Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne)

1988 1990 1995 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Coking Coal(1) 116.43 107.07 101.41 192.78 123.63 149.97 178.22 412.43 355.05
Imports from:
Australia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Canada .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Czech Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Poland .. 100.40 .. .. 120.67 145.10 .. .. ..
United States .. .. 98.08 101.04 112.01 110.07 161.54 .. ..
China .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Colombia .. 106.09 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
South Africa .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Former USSR(2) .. .. .. 95.57 .. .. .. .. ..

Steam Coal(3) 71.77 70.76 69.55 45.25 47.88 50.08 80.90 74.91 101.78
Imports from:
Australia 105.83 .. 41.76 40.82 37.23 55.91 71.47 84.49 ..
Canada .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Czech Republic 84.39 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Poland 87.96 98.25 99.09 90.69 83.12 90.38 97.77 114.10 149.15
United States 67.13 62.06 57.93 40.49 49.42 40.79 .. .. ..
China 219.48 82.52 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Colombia 90.69 72.99 36.07 .. .. .. .. .. ..
South Africa 57.78 85.34 84.69 41.21 33.76 37.23 67.44 64.62 70.73
Former USSR(2) 48.74 81.51 70.14 .. .. .. .. 713.45 ..
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.
(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade.
(2) Former USSR until 1991, Russia starting in 1992.
(3) Bituminous steam coal only. Weighted average of individual countries using volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce) Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)
300 180

160
250
140

200 120

100
150
80

100 60

40
50
20

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal/TPES
Coal Oil Gas Nuclear Renewables Coal/Population
Coal/GDP

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

30 25

25
20

20
15
15
10
10

5
5

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Production Coal Supply Electricity and Heat Other Transformation
Exports Imports Industry Other Use

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh) Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2)
350 500
450
300
400
250
350

200 300
250
150
200

100 150
100
50
50
0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal Oil Gas Hydro Nuclear Other Coal Oil Gas Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

TPES (Mtce) 184.19 188.79 211.38 247.32 261.14 264.55 262.45 0.81 1.51
Coal 11.56 16.69 20.90 17.94 23.71 23.53 23.80 3.54 0.79
Oil 143.02 127.92 121.04 126.36 119.67 116.83 116.36 -0.98 -0.24
Gas 20.32 32.46 55.70 82.75 94.29 100.90 98.82 6.11 4.04
Comb. Renew/Waste 0.35 1.31 1.34 3.22 5.77 5.96 6.01 8.27 10.44
Nuclear 1.17 0.82 - - - - - - -
Hydro 4.61 5.56 3.89 5.43 4.87 4.13 4.44 -1.00 0.41
Geothermal 3.05 3.28 4.24 6.08 6.98 6.84 7.09 1.97 3.24
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.01 0.09 e 0.26 e 0.32 0.43 - 28.38
Net Electricity trade(1) 0.11 0.75 4.26 5.45 5.61 6.04 5.49 24.13 2.36
Heat(2) - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries.
(2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

GDP (2000 bil. US$) 575 739 937 1097 1133 1133 1157 2.91 1.27
TPES/GDP(1) 0.32 0.26 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 -2.04 0.23
Population (millions) 54.8 56.4 56.7 56.9 58.2 58.5 58.5 0.21 0.21
TPES/population(1) 3.36 3.35 3.73 4.34 4.49 4.52 4.48 0.60 1.29
TPES/GDP(2) 142.0 113.4 100.1 100.0 102.2 103.6 100.6 -2.04 0.23
Coal Supply/GDP(2) 122.9 138.1 136.4 100.0 127.9 127.0 125.8 0.61 -0.47
Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 86.0 86.9 92.0 100.0 104.8 106.8 .. 0.40 0.99
Elec. Generation (TWh) 144 183 213 270 293 294 308 2.34 2.18
Industrial Production(2) 61.9 76.6 86.4 100.0 96.3 95.5 98.4 1.98 0.67
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators
(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita.
(2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Average annual
percent change
1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 78-90 90-05

Mtce:
Coking Coal - - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal 0.01 - 0.05 - 0.09 0.09 0.06 20.81 3.45
Brown Coal 0.43 0.46 0.34 0.01 - - - -1.89 -
Peat - - - - - - - - -

Mt:
Coking Coal - - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal 0.01 - 0.06 - 0.10 0.10 0.07 20.81 3.34
Brown Coal 1.20 1.29 0.96 0.01 - - - -1.89 -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
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4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL*

(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 73-90 90-05
(1)
TFC 141.07 149.39 168.07 188.35 199.08 209.02 211.53 1.04 1.55
Coal 4.66 4.77 4.83 3.82 3.93 4.40 4.18 0.21 -0.96
Oil 103.04 95.07 91.65 93.06 96.98 97.49 97.02 -0.69 0.38
Gas 18.25 28.86 43.69 55.12 59.83 61.39 63.87 5.27 2.56
Comb. Renew/Wastes - 1.06 1.23 2.49 2.21 2.64 2.58 - 5.05
Geothermal - - 0.29 0.30 0.31 0.30 0.30 - 0.40
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 - 10.13
Electricity 15.12 19.63 26.37 33.54 35.80 36.31 36.97 3.33 2.28
Heat - - - - - 6.47 6.59 - -
of which:
Total Industry 56.21 51.46 49.13 55.72 55.79 56.39 55.48 -0.79 0.81
Coal 3.78 4.25 4.69 3.49 3.71 4.19 3.93 1.28 -1.17
Oil 30.59 22.57 11.97 10.65 9.71 9.52 9.32 -5.37 -1.66
Gas 12.36 12.93 18.53 23.74 24.23 24.57 24.06 2.41 1.76
Comb. Renew/Wastes - 0.17 0.31 0.41 0.41 0.40 0.39 - 1.50
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 9.48 11.55 13.63 17.43 17.74 17.72 17.79 2.16 1.79
Heat - - - - - - - - -
Total Transport 29.34 37.49 50.40 60.57 63.03 64.25 63.80 3.23 1.58
Coal 0.21 0.00 - - - - - - -
Oil 28.50 36.53 49.28 59.05 61.34 62.19 61.78 3.27 1.52
Gas 0.18 0.37 0.30 0.47 0.52 0.52 0.54 3.13 4.10
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - - - 0.36 0.25 - -
Electricity 0.46 0.59 0.83 1.05 1.16 1.18 1.22 3.44 2.62
Residential 38.67 41.74 37.78 40.62 42.87 44.35 45.60 -0.14 1.26
Coal 0.67 0.52 0.14 0.09 0.02 0.01 0.01 -8.90 -16.05
Oil 29.06 23.07 13.86 9.73 8.57 8.77 8.76 -4.26 -3.01
Gas 5.71 12.61 16.42 21.39 24.67 25.68 26.83 6.41 3.33
Comb. Renew/Wastes - 0.90 e 0.88 1.88 1.61 e 1.67 1.73 - 4.66
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 - 10.13
Electricity 3.23 4.65 6.48 7.51 7.99 8.18 8.23 4.18 1.61
Heat - - - - - - - - -
Comm & Public Services 2.23 3.11 11.39 15.38 18.50 18.21 20.47 10.07 3.99
Coal - - - - 0.00 - - - -
Oil 0.44 0.59 0.46 0.47 1.32 0.61 0.62 0.18 2.05
Gas - - 6.01 7.96 8.90 9.01 10.77 - 3.96
Comb. Renew/Waste - - - - - - - - -
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 1.79 2.52 4.92 6.95 8.28 8.59 9.08 6.14 4.17
Heat - - - - - - - - -
Non-Energy Use 11.82 12.40 14.53 11.10 13.49 14.22 14.40 1.22 -0.06
Coal - - - 0.24 0.19 0.20 0.23 - -
Oil 11.82 9.45 12.14 9.46 11.98 12.60 12.74 0.15 0.33
Gas - 2.94 2.40 1.40 1.33 1.41 1.42 - -3.44
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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5. COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

Production 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.5 -9.6
Imports 11.7 17.4 19.8 18.9 24.2 23.6 24.0 3.2 1.2
Exports -0.6 -0.7 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -6.5 0.8
Stock Changes 0.1 -0.4 0.9 -0.8 -0.4 0.0 -0.0 x x
Primary Supply 11.6 16.7 20.9 17.9 23.7 23.5 23.8 3.5 0.8
Statistical Difference 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.0 - .. x x
Total Transformation -4.9 e -9.8 e -14.8 e -13.7 e -19.2 e -19.0 e .. 6.8 1.7
Electricity and Heat Gen. -1.9 -6.0 -11.3 -10.0 -16.7 -16.4 .. 11.0 2.5
Main activity producers (1) -1.9 -4.9 -10.0 -10.0 -16.5 -16.1 .. 10.3 3.2
Autoproducers - -1.1 -1.3 .. -0.3 -0.3 .. - -9.2
Gas Works -0.0 -0.0 - - - - .. - -
(2)
Coal Transformation -2.9 e -3.8 e -3.5 e -3.7 e -2.5 e -2.6 e .. 1.1 -2.0
BKB plants - - - - - - .. - -
Blast Furnaces -2.2 e -2.2 e -2.3 e -2.1 e -1.8 e -2.2 e .. 0.3 -0.2
Coke Ovens -0.8 -1.6 -1.2 -1.6 -0.6 -0.4 .. 2.4 -7.5
Patent Fuel plants 0.0 0.0 - - - - .. - -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - .. - -
Own use -1.7 -2.0 -1.2 -0.4 -0.1 -0.4 .. -1.8 -7.4
Distribution Losses -0.4 -0.2 -0.1 -0.0 - - .. x x
(4)
Final Consumption 4.7 4.8 4.8 3.8 4.4 4.2 .. 0.2 -1.0
(5)
Industry sector 3.8 4.2 4.7 3.5 4.2 3.9 .. 1.3 -1.2
Iron and Steel 2.8 e 2.9 e 2.9 e 2.7 e 3.3 e 3.1 e .. 0.4 0.3
Chemical 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. -1.0 -20.0
Non-metallic minerals 0.2 0.5 1.3 0.5 0.8 0.8 .. 11.3 -2.9
Paper, pulp and print - 0.0 0.0 0.0 - - .. - -
Transport sector(6) 0.2 0.0 - - - - .. - -
(7)
Other Sectors 0.7 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 .. -8.9 -16.1
Comm. and pub. services - - - - - - .. - -
Residential 0.7 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 .. -8.9 -16.1
Non-energy Use - - - 0.2 0.2 0.2 .. - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by
* the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

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6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES*

(million tonnes) Average annual
percent change
1978 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 78-90 90-05
Steam Coal 2.51 5.79 12.69 11.36 15.97 19.20 18.61 14.46 2.58
Total Electricity and Heat 2.07 4.96 10.78 9.53 13.98 16.67 16.00 14.77 2.67
Main activity producers 2.02 4.92 10.77 9.53 13.91 16.53 15.84 14.97 2.61
Autoproducers 0.05 0.04 0.02 - 0.07 0.14 0.16 -8.42 16.59
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - 0.17 0.94 0.77 0.96 1.15 - 13.62
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector 0.31 0.61 1.68 0.88 1.23 1.56 1.45 15.08 -1.01
Iron and Steel 0.03 0.05 0.22 0.26 0.45 0.67 0.52 19.30 6.09
Chemical 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -9.91 -1.90
Non-metallic minerals 0.20 0.43 1.40 0.54 0.77 0.88 0.92 17.56 -2.79
Paper, Pulp and Print - 0.04 - 0.00 - - - - -
Other industry 0.07 0.07 0.06 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.00 -1.12 -20.46
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 0.07 0.22 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 -1.87 -10.59
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Coking Coal 9.91 11.24 8.63 6.66 5.17 5.08 5.63 -1.14 -2.81
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens 9.90 11.22 8.61 6.38 4.94 4.83 5.06 -1.15 -3.48
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector - - - - - - - - -
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - 0.23 0.18 0.19 0.22 - -
Brown Coal/Lignite 1.27 1.39 1.09 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.01 -1.27 -27.93
Total Electricity and Heat 1.20 1.29 1.06 0.00 - - - -1.07 -
Main activity producers 1.20 1.29 1.06 0.00 - - - -1.07 -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector 0.04 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.01 -0.49 -9.01
Iron and Steel 0.03 0.03 0.02 - - - - -2.55 -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 5.02 -0.78
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry 0.00 - 0.00 0.02 - - - 1503.17 -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 0.03 0.05 - - 0.00 - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

(US Dollars / tce)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal 41.32 57.37 67.72 c c c c c c
Heavy Fuel Oil 62.53 132.16 98.15 c c c c c c
Natural Gas 63.55 134.63 90.90 c c c c c c
For Industry
Steam Coal 70.05 56.68 58.84 43.46 47.01 48.09 72.13 83.21 78.44
Coking Coal 69.79 69.57 64.88 53.26 60.80 63.51 79.55 108.95 118.09
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 63.44 132.49 136.94 161.05 160.91 .. .. .. ..
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. 155.19 145.51 192.15 210.37 278.73 312.39
Natural Gas 64.94 134.95 122.20 c c c c 275.47 ..

(Euro / unit)(2)
For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal 16.03 22.46 37.13 c c c c c c
Heavy Fuel Oil 37.56 80.11 83.32 c c c c c c
Natural Gas 35.79 76.51 72.34 c c c c c c
For Industry
Steam Coal 27.01 22.05 32.06 41.51 43.90 37.47 51.12 58.96 55.03
Coking Coal 29.04 29.21 38.15 54.90 61.28 53.40 60.83 83.32 89.41
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 38.11 80.31 116.25 239.64 234.14 .. .. .. ..
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. 230.93 211.73 233.22 232.25 307.72 341.46
Natural Gas 36.57 76.69 97.25 c c c c 285.11 ..
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL*

(Mtce)

1973 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Imports 11.67 17.39 19.83 18.90 18.86 20.92 24.21 23.62 23.96
Hard Coal 11.48 17.22 19.67 18.39 18.20 19.36 23.14 22.78 23.24
Coking Coal .. 12.03 9.14 7.61 5.43 4.95 5.36 6.11 6.33
Steam Coal .. 5.20 10.53 10.78 12.77 14.40 17.77 16.66 16.91
Brown Coal / Lignite 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 0.15 0.13 0.11 0.51 0.66 1.56 1.07 0.84 0.71

Total Exports 0.63 0.75 0.20 0.12 0.13 0.16 0.24 0.23 0.22
Hard Coal - - - 0.00 - - - - -
Coking Coal .. - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal .. - - 0.00 - - - - -
Brown Coal / Lignite - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 0.63 0.75 0.20 0.12 0.13 0.16 0.24 0.23 0.22
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

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9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Hard Coal 12458 17197 20445 19015 19211 20562 24666 24150 24634

Coking Coal 10007 11377 8648 7198 5134 4686 5074 5784 5989
Australia 1347 1206 1045 2463 1742 1546 2000 2109 2216
Canada - - 212 1280 599 641 649 637 966
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany 2537 2513 804 - - - - - -
Poland 1525 678 158 - 64 - - 283 88
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States 3027 5858 6236 3281 2258 2390 2260 2431 2671
Other OECD - - 12 - 44 - - - -

China, People's Rep. - - - - 295 - - - -

Colombia - - 15 - - - - - -
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - - 174 110 109 165 205 -
Former USSR(2) 1036 986 - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - 131 - - - - 14 19
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - - 29
Venezuela - - - - - - - 105 -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other 535 136 35 - 22 - - - -

Steam Coal 2451 5820 11797 11817 14077 15876 19592 18366 18645
Australia - - - 1141 674 1328 1077 682 881
Canada - 10 - - 126 207 261 506 106
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - 88 109 1 1 1 - 1 -
Poland 1437 1210 507 912 491 - 119 182 198
United Kingdom 52 - - - - - - - -
United States - 1327 4800 4 676 78 69 204 -
Other OECD - - 148 - - - - 1 58

China, People's Rep. - 53 310 369 292 574 483 - -

Colombia - - 290 1759 1950 - 2923 2997 2034
Indonesia - - - 1919 3375 5006 5867 6800 8734
South Africa 960 3132 4884 3548 3761 4656 5737 4395 4779
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - 609 993 1424 1055 1895 1082 815
Other Former USSR (3) - - - 56 29 32 367 1025 705
Venezuela - - 140 1115 1278 2939 788 445 335
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other 2 - - - - - 6 46 -
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN*

(Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne)

1988 1990 1995 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Coking Coal(1) 59.39 61.39 57.69 55.48 57.67 60.39 77.24 103.02 112.05
Imports from:
Australia 54.52 57.32 52.91 50.52 54.35 56.77 69.84 111.81 130.25
Canada 59.50 57.65 57.67 52.94 54.46 58.98 75.03 119.76 137.04
Czech Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Poland 59.07 64.68 62.38 .. 60.21 61.35 .. 128.50 114.32
United States 57.84 62.37 62.18 62.93 64.01 66.83 91.04 113.75 126.23
China .. .. .. .. 66.67 .. .. .. ..
Colombia .. 68.24 .. .. .. .. 85.35 87.23 ..
South Africa 38.72 .. 49.38 44.88 45.54 50.20 67.82 74.08 67.51
Former USSR(2) 49.77 54.53 45.76 .. .. .. 58.51 77.71 78.34

Steam Coal(3) 47.82 51.84 50.48 44.83 41.25 42.45 63.54 73.20 69.16
Imports from:
Australia 44.68 .. 45.90 .. 43.09 40.22 55.89 .. ..
Canada 382.11 .. 2798.99 1135.01 462.84 514.74 .. 1441.74 588.70
Czech Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Poland 48.68 58.63 51.68 45.65 41.41 135.86 144.04 125.35 67.12
United States 55.55 56.62 54.54 50.83 52.24 43.08 72.57 81.23 873.35
China 38.99 47.34 51.34 41.95 41.65 42.74 68.09 .. ..
Colombia 40.09 56.10 53.06 45.18 39.58 43.89 66.74 72.04 74.47
South Africa 35.15 44.39 44.85 42.92 38.27 41.33 68.34 74.49 70.07
Former USSR(2) 37.66 42.54 45.77 45.62 41.07 45.20 71.19 74.31 74.14
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.
(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade.
(2) Former USSR until 1991, Russia starting in 1992.
(3) Bituminous steam coal only. Weighted average of individual countries using volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce) Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)
800 180

700 160

140
600
120
500
100
400
80
300
60
200 40

100 20

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal/TPES
Coal Oil Gas Nuclear Renewables Coal/Population
Coal/GDP

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

180 180

160 160

140 140

120 120

100 100

80 80

60 60

40 40

20 20

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Production Coal Supply Electricity and Heat Other Transformation
Exports Imports Industry Other Use

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh) Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2)
1200 1400

1000 1200

1000
800

800
600
600
400
400

200
200

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal Oil Gas Hydro Nuclear Other Coal Oil Gas Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

TPES (Mtce) 462.31 495.04 634.96 753.66 760.37 757.80 752.95 1.88 1.19
Coal 82.66 85.08 110.27 139.93 166.40 160.10 163.87 1.71 2.52
Oil 360.25 336.69 364.30 375.38 362.29 359.56 339.95 0.07 -0.09
Gas 7.25 30.57 63.08 93.79 100.81 100.77 110.62 13.57 3.17
Comb. Renew/Waste - - 7.11 8.35 8.71 8.99 9.36 - 1.58
Nuclear 3.61 30.75 75.30 119.90 105.15 113.46 113.23 19.56 2.77
Hydro 8.20 10.85 10.97 10.72 11.56 9.61 10.78 1.72 -0.88
Geothermal 0.33 1.11 2.25 4.43 4.46 4.27 4.05 11.95 4.36
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 1.67 1.17 0.99 1.04 1.09 - -3.08
Net Electricity trade(1) - - - - - - - - -
Heat(2) - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries.
(2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

GDP (2000 bil. US$) 2213 2793 4111 4650 4866 4994 5088 3.71 1.31
TPES/GDP(1) 0.21 0.18 0.15 0.16 0.16 0.15 0.15 -1.76 -0.12
Population (millions) 108.7 116.8 123.5 126.8 127.8 127.8 127.7 0.75 0.23
TPES/population(1) 4.25 4.24 5.14 5.94 5.95 5.93 5.90 1.12 0.96
TPES/GDP(2) 128.9 109.3 95.3 100.0 96.4 93.6 91.3 -1.76 -0.12
Coal Supply/GDP(2) 124.1 101.2 89.1 100.0 113.6 106.5 107.0 -1.93 1.20
Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 92.2 90.3 89.8 100.0 97.5 96.8 .. -0.16 0.51
Elec. Generation (TWh) 465 573 837 1051 1071 1094 1063 3.51 1.80
Industrial Production(2) 56.6 66.8 98.5 100.0 100.5 101.7 106.3 3.31 0.21
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators
(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita.
(2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Average annual
percent change
1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 78-90 90-05

Mtce:
Coking Coal 8.72 7.28 - - - - - - -
Steam Coal 7.23 8.28 6.45 2.22 - - - -0.95 -
Brown Coal 0.02 0.02 - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -

Mt:
Coking Coal 8.66 6.94 - - - - - - -
Steam Coal 9.99 11.08 7.98 2.96 - - - -1.85 -
Brown Coal 0.04 0.03 - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
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4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL*

(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 73-90 90-05
(1)
TFC 334.87 332.88 434.85 497.66 495.25 500.94 501.21 1.55 0.95
Coal 28.81 30.53 45.43 33.81 35.27 36.38 37.23 2.71 -1.32
Oil 244.98 225.26 270.87 310.19 304.50 304.19 297.66 0.59 0.63
Gas 10.03 13.88 20.49 31.38 34.63 36.40 39.95 4.29 4.55
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - 3.75 3.80 3.50 3.37 3.45 - -0.54
Geothermal - - 0.11 0.32 0.33 0.32 0.31 - 6.87
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 1.67 1.15 0.91 0.83 0.83 - -4.57
Electricity 51.00 63.06 92.24 116.23 115.33 118.61 120.90 3.55 1.82
Heat 0.04 0.15 0.29 0.77 0.78 0.85 0.89 12.32 7.88
of which:
Total Industry 146.26 128.40 145.06 139.00 133.69 135.40 136.29 -0.05 -0.42
Coal 26.03 29.75 43.46 32.35 33.84 34.95 35.75 3.06 -1.29
Oil 81.49 54.48 52.41 52.46 47.38 47.35 47.12 -2.56 -0.71
Gas 2.95 3.90 4.00 5.70 6.21 6.75 7.38 1.81 4.16
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - 3.60 3.74 3.45 3.33 3.42 - -0.35
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 35.80 40.27 41.59 44.75 42.80 43.03 42.62 0.89 0.16
Heat - - - - - - - - -
Total Transport 60.86 79.26 109.62 135.99 134.51 135.14 132.88 3.52 1.29
Coal 0.29 - - - - - - - -
Oil 58.95 77.39 107.56 133.71 132.25 132.83 130.53 3.60 1.30
Gas - - - - - - - - -
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 1.63 1.87 2.07 2.28 2.26 2.31 2.34 1.42 0.84
Residential 30.05 36.94 54.46 69.70 68.14 69.10 78.20 3.56 2.44
Coal 2.50 0.79 0.10 - - - - -17.35 -
Oil 12.66 13.99 19.44 23.94 21.91 21.78 22.90 2.55 1.10
Gas 5.16 7.90 10.50 12.85 13.11 12.78 13.38 4.27 1.62
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - 0.15 0.07 0.05 0.04 0.04 - -8.75
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 1.61 1.12 0.88 0.80 0.80 - -4.50
Electricity 9.73 14.26 22.62 31.68 32.14 33.65 41.04 5.09 4.05
Heat - - 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.04 0.05 - 0.21
Comm & Public Services 28.63 29.10 64.97 87.75 92.31 92.76 87.86 4.94 2.03
Coal - - 1.29 0.89 0.86 0.85 0.92 - -2.24
Oil 23.06 20.40 32.00 36.03 37.69 35.10 32.44 1.95 0.09
Gas 1.83 2.05 5.56 12.57 14.86 16.37 18.69 6.76 8.42
Comb. Renew/Waste - - - - - - - - -
Geothermal - - 0.06 0.18 0.19 0.18 0.17 - 6.87
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.06 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.02 - -6.52
Electricity 3.70 6.51 25.76 37.32 37.96 39.44 34.78 12.09 2.02
Heat 0.04 0.15 0.24 0.73 0.74 0.80 0.84 11.22 8.70
Non-Energy Use 54.06 41.51 50.85 57.45 59.09 60.92 58.97 -0.36 0.99
Coal - - 0.58 0.57 0.56 0.58 0.56 - -0.23
Oil 54.06 41.51 49.83 56.61 58.08 59.84 57.91 -0.48 1.01
Gas - - 0.43 0.26 0.45 0.50 0.50 - 0.96
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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5. COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

Production 25.6 15.6 6.4 2.2 - - - -7.8 -

Imports 59.0 70.0 105.6 140.5 168.5 162.4 165.3 3.5 2.9
Exports -0.6 -2.1 -1.9 -2.7 -2.1 -1.7 -2.0 7.3 -0.8
Stock Changes -1.3 1.6 0.1 -0.2 0.0 -0.6 0.6 x x
Primary Supply 82.7 85.1 110.3 139.9 166.4 160.1 163.9 1.7 2.5
Statistical Difference -2.5 -1.9 2.2 -2.6 -9.1 1.2 .. x x
Total Transformation -47.6 e -49.9 e -63.6 e -100.3 e -117.6 e -120.7 e .. 1.7 4.4
Electricity and Heat Gen. -17.1 -15.0 -36.6 -69.2 -85.9 -90.0 .. 4.6 6.2
Main activity producers (1) -17.1 -11.5 -29.5 -57.6 -72.8 -77.3 .. 3.3 6.6
Autoproducers - -3.6 -7.1 -11.6 -13.1 -12.7 .. - 4.0
Gas Works -2.9 -1.8 -0.6 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 .. -9.0 -14.0
(2)
Coal Transformation -27.5 e -33.1 e -26.4 e -30.8 e -31.5 e -30.6 e .. -0.3 1.0
BKB plants - - - - - - .. - -
Blast Furnaces -24.5 e -20.1 e -23.6 e -26.0 e -26.3 e -26.0 e .. -0.2 0.6
Coke Ovens -3.0 -13.1 -2.8 -4.8 -5.2 -4.7 .. -0.4 3.5
Patent Fuel plants -0.0 0.1 -0.0 - - - .. -16.2 -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - .. - -
Own use -3.8 -2.7 -3.4 -3.2 -3.4 -3.3 .. -0.6 -0.2
Distribution Losses - - - - - - .. x x
(4)
Final Consumption 28.8 30.5 45.4 33.8 36.4 37.2 .. 2.7 -1.3
(5)
Industry sector 26.0 29.7 43.5 32.4 34.9 35.8 .. 3.1 -1.3
Iron and Steel 23.2 e 23.0 e 23.7 e 14.9 e 17.0 e 17.1 e .. 0.1 -2.1
Chemical - 0.4 3.9 3.9 4.1 5.2 .. - 1.9
Non-metallic minerals - 4.3 8.3 7.1 6.4 5.8 .. - -2.4
Paper, pulp and print - 0.1 1.6 2.0 2.1 2.2 .. - 1.9
Transport sector(6) 0.3 - - - - - .. - -
(7)
Other Sectors 2.5 0.8 1.4 0.9 0.8 0.9 .. -3.4 -2.7
Comm. and pub. services - - 1.3 0.9 0.8 0.9 .. - -2.2
Residential 2.5 0.8 0.1 - - - .. -17.4 -
Non-energy Use - - 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 .. - -0.2
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by
* the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

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6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES*

(million tonnes) Average annual
percent change
1978 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 78-90 90-05
Steam Coal 11.08 17.50 50.03 96.11 108.67 119.97 118.13 13.38 5.90
Total Electricity and Heat 8.57 9.60 31.05 64.88 79.98 83.86 89.13 11.32 7.28
Main activity producers 8.57 8.49 26.54 57.37 71.49 75.14 80.37 9.87 7.67
Autoproducers - 1.11 4.52 7.52 8.50 8.72 8.76 - 4.52
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants 0.34 0.43 0.11 - - - - -9.34 -
Coke Ovens 0.08 0.02 5.89 11.46 12.14 11.43 11.65 43.53 4.66
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture 0.07 0.02 - - - - - - -
Industry sector 2.52 6.54 14.81 16.13 16.32 16.63 16.65 15.90 0.78
Iron and Steel 0.23 0.34 1.54 2.58 3.41 3.50 3.13 17.29 4.84
Chemical 0.19 0.13 2.42 3.57 3.76 3.83 4.97 23.68 4.91
Non-metallic minerals 0.71 5.38 8.10 7.20 6.44 6.48 5.74 22.49 -2.28
Paper, Pulp and Print 0.05 0.17 1.90 2.32 2.33 2.42 2.44 36.33 1.70
Other industry 1.35 0.50 0.86 0.46 0.39 0.40 0.38 -3.72 -5.26
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 0.58 0.50 0.67 0.92 0.89 0.87 0.94 1.32 2.26
Non-energy use - - 0.02 - - - - - -
Coking Coal 58.72 70.20 64.93 57.08 57.74 60.84 56.58 0.84 -0.91
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens 55.12 65.65 61.35 51.06 52.48 52.51 52.62 0.90 -1.02
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - 3.23 5.85 5.94 5.55 5.62 - 3.75
Gas manufacture 4.45 4.30 - - - - - - -
Industry sector 0.12 0.01 - - - - - - -
Iron and Steel 0.06 - - - - - - - -
Chemical 0.01 0.01 - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry 0.04 - - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 0.01 0.01 - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal/Lignite 0.04 0.03 - - - - - - -
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector 0.03 0.02 - - - - - - -
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical 0.03 0.02 - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry 0.00 0.00 - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 0.01 0.01 - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

(US Dollars / tce)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal 90.60 90.23 101.84 51.44 49.75 .. .. .. ..
Heavy Fuel Oil 79.85 182.50 151.02 .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas 73.12 152.09 129.99 .. .. .. .. .. ..
For Industry
Steam Coal 71.25 74.99 70.53 45.69 48.27 45.31 67.20 81.25 81.86
Coking Coal 72.48 73.35 68.03 45.30 48.86 48.83 69.37 104.02 107.46
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 82.52 195.69 136.92 163.53 146.92 173.48 195.29 255.46 325.41
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. 220.02 189.69 226.39 263.55 342.15 407.82
Natural Gas 302.53 349.02 320.89 352.09 277.70 299.38 305.30 312.30 ..

(Yen / unit)(2)
For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal 15170 16280 11736 4413 4961 .. .. .. ..
Heavy Fuel Oil 23040 56740 29990 .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas 19780 44330 24200 .. .. .. .. .. ..
For Industry
Steam Coal 11930 13530 8128 3920 4814 4179 5781 7120 7583
Coking Coal 14290 15580 9230 4576 5736 5303 7026 10731 11720
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 23810 60840 27190 24177 25247 27574 28952 38573 51947
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. 32528 32596 35984 39072 51662 65102
Natural Gas 81840 101730 59740 48800 44737 44612 42432 44208 ..
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL*

(Mtce)

1973 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Imports 58.99 69.99 105.64 140.54 150.22 154.79 168.49 162.39 165.33
Hard Coal 58.99 69.99 105.12 137.95 147.82 152.29 165.31 159.57 163.70
Coking Coal .. 65.25 68.73 55.26 56.57 55.90 58.90 54.77 70.61
Steam Coal .. 4.74 36.39 82.68 91.25 96.39 106.41 104.79 93.09
Brown Coal / Lignite - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) - - 0.52 2.60 2.39 2.50 3.18 2.83 1.63

Total Exports 0.58 2.06 1.93 2.67 3.32 2.67 2.09 1.72 2.02
Hard Coal - 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -
Coking Coal .. 0.03 - - - - - - -
Steam Coal .. 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -
Brown Coal / Lignite - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 0.58 2.01 1.93 2.66 3.32 2.67 2.09 1.72 2.02
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

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9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Hard Coal 52858 68570 106918 150340 161306 166418 180808 174713 177920

Coking Coal 50876 62227 64935 57081 58435 57744 60837 56577 72933
Australia 24149 25917 34505 34757 33931 33907 35416 33692 45338
Canada 10895 10759 11290 5292 3523 3167 2040 2506 7063
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany 398 - - - - - - - -
Poland 429 387 - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - 5 - -
United States 9956 19414 7367 1422 142 21 1645 447 240
Other OECD 11 70 225 367 355 364 286 279 990

China, People's Rep. 420 979 2802 6774 10482 9834 9020 6557 4254
Colombia - - 153 - 10 11 12 - 28
Indonesia - - 668 5677 7266 7595 9194 9842 11757
South Africa 2360 2803 2955 603 161 45 23 25 -
Former USSR(2) 2244 1898 - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - 4950 2104 2565 2773 3181 3183 3186
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - - -
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - 27 - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other 14 - 20 58 - 27 15 46 77

Steam Coal 1982 6343 41983 93259 102871 108674 119971 118136 104987
Australia 668 3462 21346 55147 57055 60914 66670 67384 60406
Canada 105 352 6920 8297 5889 5674 3828 4969 1721
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - 9 - -
United States - 385 4516 2230 237 38 3086 887 -
Other OECD - - 138 575 593 652 537 553 -

China, People's Rep. 513 1086 2504 12470 20397 20435 19049 15169 14767
Colombia - - 94 - 17 20 23 - -
Indonesia - 9 409 8908 12144 13606 17321 19511 20203
South Africa 157 385 2003 945 270 80 43 50 76
Former USSR(2) 149 233 - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - 3402 3300 4378 5047 6366 7164 6086
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - 21 -
Venezuela - - - - - 8 - 15 -
Vietnam - - 150 944 1548 1875 2724 2042 1677
Non-Specified/Other 390 431 501 443 343 325 315 371 51
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN*

(Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne)

1988 1990 1995 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Coking Coal(1) 55.05 60.72 55.03 41.13 42.14 41.73 61.40 88.80 93.10
Imports from:
Australia 48.31 55.27 51.15 40.96 43.32 43.56 56.85 96.44 106.20
Canada 67.36 71.27 64.49 47.30 50.50 51.64 62.04 106.05 125.68
Czech Republic x x x x x x x .. ..
Poland x x x x x x x .. ..
United States 60.35 66.90 61.37 47.81 52.07 42.93 163.61 159.01 159.35
China 46.06 54.38 49.49 39.35 38.97 39.09 72.57 100.45 91.98
Colombia 43.51 59.34 48.26 x x x 109.00 x 88.35
South Africa 42.55 50.11 49.54 47.09 x x x x x
Former USSR(2) 50.14 57.45 54.81 45.52 45.59 46.05 67.98 114.96 116.69

Steam Coal(3) 42.64 50.97 47.85 37.95 36.95 34.93 51.48 62.73 63.33
Imports from:
Australia 43.34 52.23 48.87 38.32 37.39 35.13 50.20 61.90 63.90
Canada 42.96 48.26 44.20 36.94 37.34 33.82 52.60 63.79 56.32
Czech Republic x x x x x x x .. ..
Poland x x x x x x x .. ..
United States 48.05 53.17 52.65 45.99 48.63 x 186.48 x 596.68
China 38.52 47.59 44.48 36.95 36.25 35.28 55.06 65.65 63.88
Colombia 43.70 x x 48.98 50.13 67.62 x x x
South Africa 41.16 47.95 48.27 38.05 40.30 35.21 x 80.64 x
Former USSR(2) 40.24 46.54 43.45 37.61 34.35 34.28 59.02 66.10 62.20
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.
(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade.
(2) Former USSR until 1991, Russia starting in 1992.
(3) Bituminous steam coal only. Weighted average of individual countries using volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce) Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)
350 600

300 500

250
400
200
300
150
200
100
100
50

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal/TPES
Coal Oil Gas Nuclear Renewables Coal/Population
Coal/GDP

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

80 80

70 70

60 60

50 50

40 40

30 30

20 20

10 10

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Production Coal Supply Electricity and Heat Other Transformation
Exports Imports Industry Other Use

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh) Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2)
450 500
400 450

350 400

300 350
300
250
250
200
200
150
150
100
100
50 50
0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal Oil Gas Hydro Nuclear Other Coal Oil Gas Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

TPES (Mtce) 30.92 59.10 133.41 271.64 304.69 305.39 312.10 8.98 5.68
Coal 11.61 19.26 36.51 56.36 71.55 70.67 75.94 6.97 4.50
Oil 19.15 38.30 71.48 147.90 144.89 137.37 135.80 8.06 4.45
Gas - - 3.89 24.29 36.11 39.10 41.06 - 16.63
Comb. Renew/Waste - - 1.04 1.97 2.87 3.06 3.39 - 7.44
Nuclear - 1.29 19.69 40.57 48.66 54.64 55.38 - 7.04
Hydro 0.16 0.24 0.78 0.49 0.53 0.45 0.43 9.87 -3.59
Geothermal - - - - 0.00 0.00 0.01 - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.01 0.06 e 0.06 e 0.07 0.08 - 10.88
Net Electricity trade(1) - - - - - - - - -
Heat(2) - - - - - 0.02 0.02 - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries.
(2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

GDP (2000 bil. US$) 77 123 284 512 614 638 670 7.94 5.55
TPES/GDP(1) 0.40 0.48 0.47 0.53 0.50 0.48 0.47 0.96 0.12
Population (millions) 34.1 38.1 42.9 47.0 48.1 48.3 48.5 1.35 0.80
TPES/population(1) 0.91 1.55 3.11 5.78 6.34 6.32 6.43 7.52 4.84
TPES/GDP(2) 75.3 90.6 88.6 100.0 93.5 90.2 87.8 0.96 0.12
Coal Supply/GDP(2) 136.3 142.4 116.9 100.0 105.9 100.6 102.9 -0.90 -1.00
Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 36.3 58.4 72.9 100.0 120.7 122.6 .. 4.18 3.53
Elec. Generation (TWh) 15 37 105 263 367 388 406 12.23 9.08
Industrial Production(2) .. 14.3 43.1 100.0 126.3 134.1 147.6 - 7.86
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators
(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita.
(2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Average annual
percent change
1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 78-90 90-05

Mtce:
Coking Coal - - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal 11.35 11.71 10.82 2.56 1.95 1.73 1.73 -0.39 -11.49
Brown Coal - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -

Mt:
Coking Coal - - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal 18.05 18.63 17.22 4.15 3.19 2.83 2.82 -0.39 -11.34
Brown Coal - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
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4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL*

(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 73-90 90-05
(1)
TFC 24.86 44.81 92.95 183.07 204.48 207.63 208.67 8.07 5.54
Coal 9.26 13.92 16.74 11.93 13.17 12.75 11.50 3.54 -2.47
Oil 14.02 26.87 62.60 123.15 125.34 123.99 121.39 9.20 4.51
Gas - - 0.96 15.61 20.02 20.73 22.83 - 23.51
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - 1.04 1.82 2.18 2.39 2.57 - 6.20
Geothermal - - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.01 0.06 0.05 0.05 0.05 - 8.68
Electricity 1.58 4.02 11.60 28.69 39.08 41.52 43.87 12.46 9.28
Heat - - - 1.82 4.65 6.20 6.46 - -
of which:
Total Industry 8.86 14.26 26.87 47.25 55.02 56.56 55.55 6.74 4.96
Coal 0.56 1.92 4.36 11.12 12.37 11.81 10.14 12.88 5.79
Oil 7.22 9.54 14.90 14.91 12.20 11.28 10.67 4.35 -2.20
Gas - - 0.10 4.11 5.34 5.63 5.95 - 30.96
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - 0.41 1.51 1.69 1.93 2.09 - 11.54
Geothermal - - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -
Electricity 1.09 2.79 7.10 15.60 20.70 21.78 22.60 11.67 8.02
Heat - - - - 2.71 4.13 4.10 - -
Total Transport 3.72 7.25 21.33 42.90 48.80 48.93 45.48 10.83 5.18
Coal 0.02 0.00 - - - - - - -
Oil 3.68 7.20 21.20 42.65 48.33 48.29 44.75 10.84 5.11
Gas - - - - 0.19 0.33 0.46 - -
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - - 0.00 0.01 0.02 - -
Electricity 0.02 0.05 0.12 0.25 0.29 0.30 0.25 12.93 4.86
Residential 8.85 13.19 18.35 20.81 25.71 24.75 26.35 4.38 2.44
Coal 8.55 e 11.85 e 12.34 e 0.81 e 0.80 0.94 1.36 2.18 -13.66
Oil 0.10 0.68 2.60 5.60 5.47 4.86 4.60 20.89 3.89
Gas - - 0.66 e 8.90 12.10 11.04 11.96 - 21.26
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - 0.56 0.09 0.09 0.06 0.07 - -12.93
Geothermal - - - - - - 0.00 - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.01 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.04 - 11.63
Electricity 0.19 0.65 2.18 3.82 5.48 5.97 6.25 15.43 7.28
Heat - - - 1.53 1.73 e 1.83 2.07 - -
Comm & Public Services 1.26 3.65 12.50 24.67 24.97 25.58 27.47 14.47 5.39
Coal 0.14 0.14 e 0.04 e - - - - -7.29 -
Oil 0.84 3.01 10.17 13.35 10.12 8.57 8.46 15.77 -1.22
Gas - - 0.19 e 2.58 2.36 3.70 4.42 - 23.17
Comb. Renew/Waste - - 0.07 0.22 0.39 0.40 0.39 - 11.69
Geothermal - - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 - 1.30
Electricity 0.27 0.50 2.01 8.37 11.88 12.66 13.91 12.47 13.75
Heat - - - 0.14 0.21 0.24 0.29 - -
Non-Energy Use 1.67 4.53 9.99 39.95 43.44 45.67 47.75 11.10 10.99
Coal - - - - - - - - -
Oil 1.67 4.53 9.99 39.95 43.44 45.67 47.75 11.10 10.99
Gas - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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5. COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

Production 9.5 e 11.7 10.8 2.6 2.0 1.7 1.7 0.8 -11.5
Imports 0.6 e 5.0 e 22.5 e 54.9 e 71.8 67.0 69.3 23.2 7.6
Exports -0.2 e - - - - - - - -
Stock Changes 1.6 e 2.6 e 3.2 e -1.1 e -2.2 1.9 4.9 x x
Primary Supply 11.6 19.3 36.5 56.4 71.6 70.7 75.9 7.0 4.5
Statistical Difference -0.0 -0.4 1.1 0.9 0.2 -0.4 .. x x
Total Transformation -2.2 e -3.5 e -18.8 e -42.3 e -58.7 e -58.8 e .. 13.5 7.9
Electricity and Heat Gen. -0.5 e -1.2 e -8.5 e -33.7 e -47.6 -47.3 .. 18.4 12.1
Main activity producers (1) -0.4 -1.2 -5.6 e -29.9 e -41.8 -41.8 .. 16.4 14.4
Autoproducers -0.1 e -0.0 e -2.9 e -3.7 e -5.8 -5.5 .. 25.9 4.3
Gas Works - - - - - - .. - -
(2)
Coal Transformation -1.7 e -2.3 e -10.3 e -8.7 e -11.1 e -11.5 e .. 11.1 0.8
BKB plants - - - - - - .. - -
Blast Furnaces -0.2 e -1.4 e -4.9 e -7.8 e -8.4 e -7.9 e .. 21.7 3.2
Coke Ovens -0.0 e -0.2 e -0.6 e -0.6 e -2.7 -3.7 .. 28.5 13.6
Patent Fuel plants -1.5 e -0.7 e -4.8 e -0.2 e 0.1 0.1 .. 7.0 -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - .. - -
Own use -0.1 e -1.4 e -2.1 e -3.0 e -0.3 -0.0 .. 17.8 -24.8
Distribution Losses - - - - - - .. x x
(4)
Final Consumption 9.3 13.9 16.7 11.9 12.8 11.5 .. 3.5 -2.5
(5)
Industry sector 0.6 1.9 4.4 11.1 11.8 10.1 .. 12.9 5.8
Iron and Steel 0.6 e 1.3 e 0.7 e 3.1 e 6.2 e 5.3 .. 1.4 14.5
Chemical - - 0.1 e 0.2 0.1 0.1 .. - 3.6
Non-metallic minerals - 0.7 2.9 4.4 4.8 4.0 .. - 2.2
Paper, pulp and print - - 0.0 e - 0.1 0.0 .. - 19.4
Transport sector(6) 0.0 0.0 - - - - .. - -
(7)
Other Sectors 8.7 12.0 12.4 0.8 0.9 1.4 .. 2.1 -13.7
Comm. and pub. services 0.1 0.1 e 0.0 e - - - .. -7.3 -
Residential 8.6 e 11.9 e 12.3 e 0.8 e 0.9 1.4 .. 2.2 -13.7
Non-energy Use - - - - - - .. - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by
* the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

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6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES*

(million tonnes) Average annual
percent change
1978 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 78-90 90-05
Steam Coal 19.88 23.80 33.04 47.13 57.11 58.93 61.39 4.32 4.22
Total Electricity and Heat 0.52 1.87 7.71 36.16 49.12 50.28 52.72 25.23 13.68
Main activity producers 0.52 1.87 7.71 36.16 47.27 47.87 50.21 25.23 13.31
Autoproducers - - - - 1.86 2.41 2.51 - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants 18.29 19.97 20.70 1.22 1.17 1.39 2.01 1.04 -14.40
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - e - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector 0.84 1.75 4.59 9.76 8.25 7.65 7.09 15.15 2.95
Iron and Steel 0.68 0.71 0.17 - 1.04 1.18 1.19 -10.91 13.81
Chemical - - 0.08 0.27 0.27 0.13 0.13 - 3.45
Non-metallic minerals 0.16 1.05 3.53 5.31 6.06 5.29 4.75 29.42 1.99
Paper, Pulp and Print - - 0.00 - - 0.07 0.04 - 19.24
Other industry - - 0.80 4.19 0.89 0.98 0.98 - 1.34
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 0.22 0.22 0.05 - - - - -12.19 -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Coking Coal 2.01 3.99 11.74 19.42 20.22 21.03 20.88 15.84 3.92
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens 2.01 3.99 11.74 16.38 15.63 15.96 15.40 15.84 1.83
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - 3.03 4.93 5.00 e 5.48 - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector - - - - 0.07 0.06 - - -
Iron and Steel - - - - 0.07 0.06 - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal/Lignite - - - - - - - - -
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector - - - - - - - - -
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

(US Dollars / tce)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. 50.52 58.45 54.79
Heavy Fuel Oil .. 190.75 99.47 209.61 209.09 229.39 258.12 .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. 227.79 285.46 371.04
For Industry
Steam Coal .. 32.75 61.03 58.34 52.96 58.42 63.94 78.92 90.36
Coking Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. 72.67 116.55 120.22
High Suplhur Fuel Oil .. 190.75 99.47 209.61 209.09 229.39 258.12 330.61 414.09
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. 216.55 215.33 236.47 265.55 326.85 428.69
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. 265.87 305.23 385.16

(Korean Wons / unit)(2)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. 54543 56432 49179
Heavy Fuel Oil .. 152225 92585 311681 343893 359186 388560 .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. 335334 375833 454149
For Industry
Steam Coal .. 18743 40740 62210 62469 65598 69025 76197 81110
Coking Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. 78452 112530 107911
High Suplhur Fuel Oil .. 152225 92585 311681 343893 359186 388560 445095 518276
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. 321999 354147 370266 399742 440030 536552
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. 391405 401855 471430
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL*

(Mtce)

1973 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Imports 0.65 4.96 22.46 54.93 64.37 66.44 71.78 67.00 69.31
Hard Coal 0.61 4.84 22.46 54.93 64.37 66.44 71.14 66.68 69.02
Coking Coal .. 3.87 e 11.13 e 18.42 18.86 19.13 20.56 19.45 18.93
Steam Coal .. 0.97 e 11.34 e 36.51 45.51 47.31 50.59 47.24 50.08
Brown Coal / Lignite - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 0.04 0.12 - - - - 0.64 0.32 0.29

Total Exports 0.17 - - - - - - - -

Hard Coal 0.17 - - - - - - - -
Coking Coal .. - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal .. - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal / Lignite - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

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9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Hard Coal 2169 5032 23729 e 63724 e 72051 73607 78963 76758 79706

Coking Coal 2009 3987 11287 e 19575 e 20003 20315 21808 20627 20081
Australia 1150 2277 5053 e 10641 e 12589 12535 12442 11664 11677
Canada 409 828 2026 e 4097 e 3298 3026 4206 4315 4089
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - 36 - - -
United States 450 882 2908 e 1419 e - - 533 901 120
Other OECD - - - - - - 33 - -

China, People's Rep. - - - 2781 e 3736 3781 3638 3258 3096

Colombia - - - - - - - - -
Indonesia - - - 209 e 8 - - - -
South Africa - - 100 e - - - - - -
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - 1200 394 e 327 937 956 489 1099
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - - -
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - 34 e 45 - - - -

Steam Coal 160 1045 12442 e 44149 e 52048 53292 57155 56131 59625
Australia - 800 3506 e 12019 e 14398 13809 17695 19207 17343
Canada - 15 1250 e 1647 e 1244 741 280 4 766
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - 2 - - - -
United States - 230 1235 e 166 e 335 171 530 365 538
Other OECD - - - 62 e - 5 242 56 3

China, People's Rep. - - 1000 e 20210 e 25850 27347 20351 17580 15645
Colombia - - - - - - - - -
Indonesia - - 397 e 5277 e 6927 8121 13457 15382 20698
South Africa - - 5054 e 2503 e - - - - -
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - 2197 e 2566 2097 4087 3018 3933
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - - -
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - 68 e 726 933 513 358 635
Non-Specified/Other 160 - - - - 68 - 161 64
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN*

(Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne)

1988 1990 1995 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Coking Coal(1) .. .. .. 42.75 45.04 46.58 68.79 110.75 114.69

Imports from:
Australia .. .. .. 41.31 44.52 46.19 58.24 106.89 112.87
Canada .. .. .. 46.48 48.24 48.65 60.15 106.32 125.78
Czech Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Poland .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
United States .. .. .. 54.87 .. .. 144.12 138.42 135.17
China .. .. .. 40.21 43.29 44.61 111.54 121.09 108.61
Colombia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
South Africa .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Former USSR(2) .. .. .. 44.82 44.86 48.38 82.15 124.34 95.28

Steam Coal(3) .. .. .. 31.08 30.68 29.39 48.21 55.76 51.73

Imports from:
Australia .. .. .. 33.42 33.54 29.95 48.77 58.85 54.91
Canada .. .. .. 31.02 34.18 31.81 58.71 95.90 59.40
Czech Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Poland .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
United States .. .. .. 22.23 21.88 .. 30.33 31.96 32.11
China .. .. .. 30.56 30.32 29.66 51.54 59.44 56.63
Colombia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
South Africa .. .. .. 34.38 .. 24.21 .. .. ..
Former USSR(2) .. .. .. 33.93 29.76 30.68 57.14 58.14 54.19
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.
(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade.
(2) Former USSR until 1991, Russia starting in 1992.
(3) Bituminous steam coal only. Weighted average of individual countries using volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce) Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)
7 120

6 100

5
80
4
60
3
40
2
20
1

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal/TPES
Coal Oil Gas Nuclear Renewables Coal/Population
Coal/GDP

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

4.5 4.5

4.0 4.0

3.5 3.5

3.0 3.0

2.5 2.5

2.0 2.0

1.5 1.5

1.0 1.0

0.5 0.5

0.0 0.0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Production Coal Supply Electricity and Heat Other Transformation
Exports Imports Industry Other Use

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh) Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2)
4.0 18

3.5 16

3.0 14

12
2.5
10
2.0
8
1.5
6
1.0
4
0.5 2

0.0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal Oil Gas Hydro Nuclear Other Coal Oil Gas Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

TPES (Mtce) 6.44 5.20 5.10 5.26 6.69 6.82 6.82 -1.36 1.96
Coal 3.48 2.61 1.62 0.18 0.13 0.12 0.16 -4.40 -16.09
Oil 2.39 1.60 2.34 3.34 4.32 4.52 4.35 -0.11 4.47
Gas 0.31 0.61 0.61 0.96 1.71 1.68 1.76 4.05 6.96
Comb. Renew/Waste - 0.03 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.09 0.09 - 6.03
Nuclear - - - - - - - - -
Hydro 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 2.37 2.34
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 - -
Net Electricity trade(1) 0.25 0.35 0.48 0.70 0.41 0.40 0.44 3.95 -1.24
Heat(2) - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries.
(2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

GDP (2000 bil. US$) 7 8 12 20 23 24 25 3.40 4.37

TPES/GDP(1) 0.92 0.68 0.41 0.26 0.30 0.29 0.27 -4.60 -2.31
Population (millions) 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.50 1.20
TPES/population(1) 18.33 14.30 13.36 11.99 14.76 14.93 14.79 -1.85 0.75
TPES/GDP(2) 353.0 262.1 158.5 100.0 113.7 111.6 105.0 -4.60 -2.31
Coal Supply/GDP(2) 5603.4 3853.8 1475.8 100.0 67.1 55.9 71.4 -7.55 -19.60
Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 150.1 166.2 118.9 100.0 100.4 92.9 .. -1.36 -1.63
Elec. Generation (TWh) 1 1 1 0 3 3 4 -4.62 11.86
Industrial Production(2) 63.8 55.4 79.5 100.0 117.8 125.2 122.6 1.30 3.07
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators
(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita.
(2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Average annual
percent change
1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 78-90 90-05

Mtce:
Coking Coal - - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -

Mt:
Coking Coal - - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
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4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL*

(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 73-90 90-05
(1)
TFC 4.21 3.99 4.23 5.17 5.76 6.32 6.43 0.03 2.84
Coal 1.40 1.49 0.78 0.18 0.11 0.13 0.12 -3.36 -11.91
Oil 2.19 1.56 2.34 3.34 3.92 4.33 4.52 0.38 4.49
Gas 0.25 0.51 0.60 0.89 0.90 0.97 0.93 5.21 2.99
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 - -
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -
Electricity 0.36 0.44 0.51 0.70 0.74 0.79 0.76 1.99 2.67
Heat - - - 0.04 0.07 0.07 0.09 - -
of which:
Total Industry 2.95 2.35 1.91 1.37 1.27 1.38 1.36 -2.53 -2.25
Coal 1.35 1.45 0.77 0.18 0.11 0.13 0.12 -3.22 -11.88
Oil 1.11 0.24 0.39 0.11 0.07 0.08 0.12 -5.95 -7.48
Gas 0.20 0.35 0.40 0.59 0.57 0.61 0.60 4.17 2.73
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - - - - - - -
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 0.29 0.30 0.35 0.47 0.49 0.52 0.49 1.02 2.35
Heat - - - 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.03 - -
Total Transport 0.42 0.73 1.47 2.75 3.41 3.78 3.97 7.71 6.82
Coal - - - - - - - - -
Oil 0.41 0.72 1.47 2.74 3.40 3.76 3.95 7.74 6.83
Gas - - - - - - - - -
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - - - 0.00 0.00 - -
Electricity 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 3.05 3.71
Residential 0.74 0.77 0.72 0.86 0.89 0.95 0.88 -0.12 1.35
Coal 0.05 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -9.72 -15.48
Oil 0.61 0.52 0.44 0.44 0.42 0.44 0.38 -1.86 -0.92
Gas 0.05 0.16 0.20 0.30 0.34 0.36 0.34 8.04 3.49
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 - -
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -
Electricity 0.03 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.09 5.87 1.59
Heat - - - 0.01 0.03 0.04 0.05 - -
Comm & Public Services - 0.06 0.08 0.13 0.15 0.16 0.16 - 4.85
Coal - - - - - - - - -
Oil - - - - - - - - -
Gas - - - - - - - - -
Comb. Renew/Waste - - - - - - - - -
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity - 0.06 0.08 0.13 0.15 0.16 0.16 - 4.85
Heat - - - - - - - - -
Non-Energy Use 0.04 0.06 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 -1.95 -0.36
Coal - - - - - - - - -
Oil 0.04 0.06 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 -1.95 -0.36
Gas - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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5. COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

Production - - - - - - - - -
Imports 3.5 2.6 1.6 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 -4.4 -16.1
Exports - - - - - - - - -
Stock Changes -0.0 -0.0 - - - - - x x
Primary Supply 3.5 2.6 1.6 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 -4.4 -16.1
Statistical Difference 0.0 - - - - - .. x x
Total Transformation -1.9 e -1.1 e -0.8 e - - - .. -5.1 -
Electricity and Heat Gen. -0.4 -0.2 -0.2 - - - .. -3.7 -
Main activity producers (1) -0.4 - - - - - .. - -
Autoproducers - -0.2 -0.2 - - - .. - -
Gas Works - - - - - - .. - -
(2)
Coal Transformation -1.5 e -0.8 e -0.6 e - - - .. -5.5 -
BKB plants - - - - - - .. - -
Blast Furnaces -1.5 e -0.8 e -0.6 e - - - .. -5.5 -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - .. - -
Patent Fuel plants - - - - - - .. - -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - .. - -
Own use - - - - - - .. - -
Distribution Losses -0.1 -0.1 -0.0 - - - .. x x
(4)
Final Consumption 1.4 1.5 0.8 0.2 0.1 0.1 .. -3.4 -11.9
(5)
Industry sector 1.3 1.5 0.8 0.2 0.1 0.1 .. -3.2 -11.9
Iron and Steel 1.3 1.3 e 0.6 e 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. -4.5 -17.5
Chemical - - - - - - .. - -
Non-metallic minerals - 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 .. - -4.5
Paper, pulp and print - - - - - - .. - -
Transport sector(6) - - - - - - .. - -
(7)
Other Sectors 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. -9.7 -15.5
Comm. and pub. services - - - - - - .. - -
Residential 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. -9.7 -15.5
Non-energy Use - - - - - - .. - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by
* the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

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6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES*

(million tonnes) Average annual
percent change
1978 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 78-90 90-05
Steam Coal 0.50 0.35 0.20 0.17 0.11 0.13 0.11 -7.48 -3.75
Total Electricity and Heat - 0.02 - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - 0.02 - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector 0.50 0.33 0.20 0.17 0.11 0.13 0.11 -7.45 -3.72
Iron and Steel 0.50 0.22 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.03 -19.27 -0.74
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - 0.11 0.16 0.13 0.06 0.09 0.08 - -4.68
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 0.01 0.01 0.00 - - - - -12.55 -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Coking Coal - - - - - - - - -
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector - - - - - - - - -
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal/Lignite 0.02 0.03 - - - - - - -
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector 0.02 0.03 - - - - - - -
Iron and Steel 0.02 0.03 - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

(US Dollars / tce)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Heavy Fuel Oil .. 131.80 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
For Industry
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal x x x x x x x x x
High Suplhur Fuel Oil .. .. 94.73 x x x x x x
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. 130.60 122.24 156.10 152.43 .. ..
Natural Gas .. 134.97 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

(Euro / unit)(2)
For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Heavy Fuel Oil .. 131.73 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
For Industry
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal x x x x x x x x x
High Suplhur Fuel Oil .. .. 108.26 x x x x x x
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. 195.34 178.79 190.45 169.16 .. ..
Natural Gas .. 125.81 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL*

(Mtce)

1973 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Imports 3.49 2.63 1.62 0.18 0.13 0.11 0.13 0.12 0.16
Hard Coal 0.30 0.36 0.20 0.17 0.13 0.11 0.13 0.11 0.15
Coking Coal .. - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal .. 0.36 0.20 0.17 0.13 0.11 0.13 0.11 0.15
Brown Coal / Lignite - 0.02 - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 3.19 2.26 1.42 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00

Total Exports - - - - - - - - -
Hard Coal - - - - - - - - -
Coking Coal .. - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal .. - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal / Lignite - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

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9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Hard Coal 495 364 197 171 127 106 129 111 153

Coking Coal - - - - - - - - -
Australia - - - - - - - - -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States - - - - - - - - -
Other OECD - - - - - - - - -

China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -

Colombia - - - - - - - - -
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - - - - - - - -
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - - - - - - -
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - - -
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - - -

Steam Coal 495 364 197 171 127 106 129 111 153
Australia - - - - - - - - -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany 299 75 1 5 4 5 7 3 4
Poland - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom 12 50 - - - - - - -
United States 1 171 - - - - - - -
Other OECD 6 23 34 52 68 56 60 59 97

China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -

Colombia - - - - - - - - -
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa 125 45 138 114 55 45 62 49 52
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - 24 - - - - - -
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - - -
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other 52 - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce) Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)
300 300

250 250

200 200

150 150

100 100

50 50

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal/TPES
Coal Oil Gas Nuclear Renewables Coal/Population
Coal/GDP

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

14 14

12 12

10 10

8 8

6 6

4 4

2 2

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Production Coal Supply Electricity and Heat Other Transformation
Exports Imports Industry Other Use

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh) Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2)
250 450

400
200
350

300
150
250

200
100
150

50 100

50

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal Oil Gas Hydro Nuclear Other Coal Oil Gas Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

TPES (Mtce) 76.00 138.76 177.63 214.75 236.03 252.19 253.55 5.12 2.36
Coal 2.62 3.38 4.95 9.78 10.19 12.48 13.20 3.81 6.36
Oil 47.29 94.95 119.05 131.19 137.32 148.35 142.55 5.58 1.48
Gas 14.99 27.33 33.03 47.87 62.43 63.13 70.12 4.76 4.41
Comb. Renew/Waste 8.87 9.82 10.49 11.35 11.50 11.87 11.66 0.99 0.83
Nuclear - - 1.09 3.06 3.42 4.02 4.05 - 9.07
Hydro 1.99 2.07 2.88 4.07 3.10 3.41 3.74 2.21 1.12
Geothermal 0.20 1.12 6.29 7.25 8.08 8.96 8.21 22.57 2.39
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - 0.07 0.11 0.11 0.12 - -
Net Electricity trade(1) 0.04 0.08 -0.17 0.11 -0.12 -0.15 -0.10 - -0.85
Heat(2) - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries.
(2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

GDP (2000 bil. US$) 223 345 413 581 618 636 667 3.68 2.93
TPES/GDP(1) 0.34 0.40 0.43 0.37 0.38 0.40 0.38 1.39 -0.55
Population (millions) 53.3 65.7 81.3 98.7 104.0 105.3 106.6 2.51 1.74
TPES/population(1) 1.43 2.11 2.19 2.18 2.27 2.39 2.38 2.54 0.61
TPES/GDP(2) 92.1 108.7 116.4 100.0 103.3 107.2 102.9 1.39 -0.55
Coal Supply/GDP(2) 69.8 58.2 71.2 100.0 97.9 116.5 117.6 0.12 3.33
Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 50.7 59.3 86.9 100.0 98.6 99.8 .. 3.23 0.93
Elec. Generation (TWh) 37 67 124 204 224 235 253 7.36 4.34
Industrial Production(2) .. 56.6 67.3 100.0 100.3 101.9 107.1 - 2.80
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators
(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita.
(2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Average annual
percent change
1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 78-90 90-05

Mtce:
Coking Coal 2.47 2.48 2.37 1.77 1.39 1.44 1.53 -0.34 -3.30
Steam Coal - - 2.46 5.96 5.39 5.93 6.34 - 6.03
Brown Coal - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -

Mt:
Coking Coal 3.09 3.09 2.96 2.21 1.74 1.79 1.91 -0.34 -3.30
Steam Coal - - 3.97 9.13 8.15 8.96 9.57 - 5.58
Brown Coal - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
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4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL*

(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 73-90 90-05
(1)
TFC 57.77 96.43 126.30 143.77 143.54 150.47 154.44 4.71 1.35
Coal 1.96 2.29 2.22 1.97 1.48 1.82 1.84 0.75 -1.27
Oil 32.69 58.95 81.05 89.99 92.08 97.56 100.79 5.49 1.46
Gas 10.38 18.34 20.23 21.64 19.47 20.19 19.69 4.00 -0.18
Comb. Renew/Wastes 8.87 9.82 10.49 10.19 9.90 9.91 10.23 0.99 -0.17
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - 0.06 0.09 0.10 0.10 - -
Electricity 3.88 7.02 12.31 19.92 20.52 20.89 21.78 7.03 3.88
Heat - - - - - - - - -
of which:
Total Industry 20.39 31.89 39.69 42.55 37.62 38.81 39.24 4.00 -0.08
Coal 1.96 2.29 2.19 1.97 1.48 1.82 1.84 0.66 -1.17
Oil 5.23 8.75 12.99 10.95 8.38 8.42 8.29 5.50 -2.95
Gas 9.09 14.93 15.46 15.76 14.12 14.61 14.28 3.17 -0.53
Comb. Renew/Wastes 1.89 2.20 2.49 1.66 1.43 1.46 1.80 1.62 -2.14
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 2.22 3.71 6.56 12.22 12.22 12.50 13.04 6.57 4.68
Heat - - - - - - - - -
Total Transport 18.70 34.80 44.89 54.47 60.29 64.50 68.10 5.29 2.82
Coal - - - - - - - - -
Oil 18.66 34.75 44.80 53.42 59.31 63.50 66.91 5.29 2.71
Gas - - - 0.91 0.84 0.86 1.04 - -
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 0.04 0.05 0.10 0.13 0.14 0.14 0.15 4.91 2.63
Residential 9.71 11.00 21.08 24.72 25.38 25.41 25.47 4.67 1.27
Coal - - - - - - - - -
Oil 1.11 1.48 9.41 10.91 10.84 10.71 10.57 13.38 0.78
Gas 0.56 0.67 1.16 0.84 1.16 1.23 1.23 4.40 0.39
Comb. Renew/Wastes 6.98 7.62 8.01 8.53 8.47 8.45 8.43 0.81 0.35
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 1.06 1.23 2.50 4.44 4.91 5.02 5.24 5.17 5.04
Heat - - - - - - - - -
Comm & Public Services 0.69 2.20 3.21 4.97 4.28 5.04 5.15 9.48 3.20
Coal - - - - - - - - -
Oil 0.69 1.23 1.88 2.47 1.58 2.28 2.29 6.08 1.32
Gas - - - 0.27 0.27 0.28 0.29 - -
Comb. Renew/Waste - - - - - - - - -
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - 0.06 0.09 0.10 0.10 - -
Electricity - 0.97 1.34 2.16 2.34 2.37 2.47 - 4.19
Heat - - - - - - - - -
Non-Energy Use 3.13 6.97 13.15 13.04 11.95 12.62 12.07 8.81 -0.57
Coal - - 0.03 - - - - - -
Oil 2.40 4.24 9.51 9.18 8.86 9.41 9.21 8.42 -0.21
Gas 0.73 2.73 3.61 3.85 3.09 3.20 2.85 9.89 -1.55
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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5. COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

Production 2.2 2.5 4.8 7.7 6.8 7.4 7.9 4.8 2.8
Imports 0.4 0.9 0.3 2.4 3.4 5.4 5.6 -0.9 20.3
Exports - -0.1 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 - -9.7
Stock Changes 0.1 0.1 -0.2 -0.4 0.0 -0.3 -0.2 x x
Primary Supply 2.6 3.4 5.0 9.8 10.2 12.5 13.2 3.8 6.4
Statistical Difference -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 - - - .. x x
Total Transformation -0.5 -0.9 -2.6 -7.8 e -8.3 e -10.6 e .. 10.0 9.8
Electricity and Heat Gen. -0.1 - -2.5 -6.8 -7.9 -10.2 .. 23.1 9.9
Main activity producers (1) -0.1 - -2.5 -6.2 -7.6 -9.9 .. 23.1 9.7
Autoproducers - - - -0.6 -0.3 -0.3 .. - -
Gas Works - - - - - - .. - -
(2)
Coal Transformation -0.4 -0.9 -0.2 -0.9 e -0.4 e -0.4 e .. -5.9 7.2
BKB plants - - - - - - .. - -
Blast Furnaces - - - -0.7 e -0.4 e -0.4 e .. - -
Coke Ovens -0.4 -0.9 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 .. -5.9 -5.4
Patent Fuel plants - - - - - - .. - -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - .. - -
Own use -0.1 -0.0 -0.1 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 .. -1.6 -4.2
Distribution Losses -0.0 -0.0 - - - - .. x x
(4)
Final Consumption 2.0 2.3 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.8 .. 0.7 -1.3
(5)
Industry sector 2.0 2.3 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.8 .. 0.7 -1.2
Iron and Steel 2.0 2.3 1.9 1.7 e 1.5 e 1.5 e .. -0.1 -1.6
Chemical - - - - - - .. - -
Non-metallic minerals - - 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 .. - 9.2
Paper, pulp and print - - - - - - .. - -
Transport sector(6) - - - - - - .. - -
(7)
Other Sectors - - - - - - .. - -
Comm. and pub. services - - - - - - .. - -
Residential - - - - - - .. - -
Non-energy Use - - 0.0 - - - .. - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by
* the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

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6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES*

(million tonnes) Average annual
percent change
1978 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 78-90 90-05
Steam Coal - - 3.97 11.36 15.38 13.01 16.69 - 10.05
Total Electricity and Heat - - 3.97 9.57 13.88 11.51 14.92 - 9.23
Main activity producers - - 3.97 9.57 13.88 11.51 14.92 - 9.23
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - 1.79 1.20 1.33 1.58 - -
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector - - - - 0.30 0.17 0.19 - -
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - 0.30 0.17 0.19 - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Coking Coal 4.05 3.97 2.91 0.93 0.64 0.44 0.25 -2.72 -15.14
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens 3.97 3.98 2.89 0.93 0.64 0.44 0.25 -2.61 -15.10
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector - - - - - - - - -
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal/Lignite - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector - - - - - - - - -
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

(US Dollars / tce)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal .. 33.26 48.19 48.69 51.56 49.13 56.83 62.69 64.79
Heavy Fuel Oil 7.80 10.58 38.04 86.20 81.69 95.97 99.50 122.84 174.80
Natural Gas 10.48 13.84 68.38 116.69 95.44 159.64 213.88 282.93 264.12
For Industry
Steam Coal x x x x x x x x x
Coking Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 7.80 10.58 38.04 86.29 82.79 96.64 100.11 124.95 176.42
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas 10.39 13.84 68.38 116.69 95.44 159.64 233.87 277.77 266.91

(Mexican Pesos / unit)(2)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal .. 0.50 89.48 300.80 325.54 346.46 419.01 446.18 461.72
Heavy Fuel Oil 0.26 0.35 156.54 1180.30 1143.04 1499.93 1625.80 1937.60 2760.51
Natural Gas 0.31 0.41 249.77 1418.28 1185.32 2214.71 3102.12 3961.39 3702.49
For Industry
Steam Coal x x x x x x x x x
Coking Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 0.26 0.35 156.54 1181.46 1158.38 1510.32 1635.69 1970.92 2786.06
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas 0.31 0.41 249.77 1418.28 1185.32 2214.71 3392.06 3889.13 3741.57
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL*

(Mtce)

1973 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Imports 0.39 0.92 0.34 2.43 4.40 5.42 3.37 5.38 5.57
Hard Coal 0.25 0.81 0.22 1.85 4.04 4.96 2.89 5.03 5.28
Coking Coal .. 0.81 0.22 - - - - - -
Steam Coal .. - - 1.85 4.04 4.96 2.89 5.03 5.28
Brown Coal / Lignite - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 0.14 0.12 0.11 0.57 0.36 0.46 0.48 0.35 0.29

Total Exports - 0.08 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hard Coal - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 - - - -
Coking Coal .. - 0.00 - - - - - -
Steam Coal .. - - 0.00 0.00 - - - -
Brown Coal / Lignite - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) - 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

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9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Hard Coal 570 823 228 2432 5896 7236 4092 7261 7620

Coking Coal 570 823 228 - - - - - -

Australia - - - - - - - - -
Canada - - 122 - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States 470 723 6 - - - - - -
Other OECD - - - - - - - - -

China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -

Colombia - - - - - - - - -
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - - - - - - - -
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - - - - - - -
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - - -
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other 100 100 100 - - - - - -

Steam Coal - - - 2432 5896 7236 4092 7261 7620

Australia - - - 1074 1865 5661 2055 5326 6380
Canada - - - 538 765 466 1033 579 511
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States - - - 697 694 1052 942 1020 367
Other OECD - - - - - - - 222 140

China, People's Rep. - - - 1 2567 18 20 3 2

Colombia - - - - - 8 9 111 193
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - - - - - - - -
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - 66 - - - - -
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - - -
Venezuela - - - 56 - 1 - - -
Vietnam - - - - 5 30 33 - 27
Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce) Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)
140 180

160
120
140
100
120
80 100

60 80

60
40
40
20 20

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal/TPES
Coal Oil Gas Nuclear Renewables Coal/Population
Coal/GDP

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

30 14

25 12

10
20
8
15
6
10
4

5 2

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Production Coal Supply Electricity and Heat Other Transformation
Exports Imports Industry Other Use

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh) Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2)
120 200
180
100
160

80 140
120
60 100
80
40
60
40
20
20
0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal Oil Gas Hydro Nuclear Other Coal Oil Gas Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

TPES (Mtce) 89.20 92.83 95.36 108.37 117.39 116.93 114.95 0.39 1.37
Coal 4.10 5.42 12.76 11.50 12.43 11.70 10.91 6.91 -0.58
Oil 44.15 42.11 34.78 40.86 45.65 46.98 47.01 -1.39 2.02
Gas 40.71 43.46 44.00 49.57 52.48 50.45 48.93 0.46 0.92
Comb. Renew/Waste - 0.32 1.36 2.49 3.12 3.74 3.79 - 6.99
Nuclear 0.41 1.56 1.30 1.46 1.42 1.49 1.29 7.00 0.89
Hydro - - 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 - 0.23
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.01 0.15 0.28 0.32 0.39 - 25.99
Net Electricity trade(1) -0.17 -0.04 1.13 2.32 1.99 2.25 2.64 - 4.68
Heat(2) - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries.
(2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

GDP (2000 bil. US$) 193 228 285 385 402 408 420 2.33 2.42
TPES/GDP(1) 0.46 0.41 0.33 0.28 0.29 0.29 0.27 -1.89 -1.03
Population (millions) 13.4 14.1 14.9 15.9 16.3 16.3 16.4 0.63 0.59
TPES/population(1) 6.64 6.56 6.38 6.81 7.21 7.17 7.00 -0.23 0.78
TPES/GDP(2) 164.6 144.5 119.0 100.0 103.8 101.8 97.3 -1.89 -1.03
Coal Supply/GDP(2) 71.2 79.4 150.0 100.0 103.5 96.0 87.0 4.48 -2.93
Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 90.5 98.9 101.5 100.0 100.9 100.7 .. 0.67 -0.05
Elec. Generation (TWh) 53 65 72 90 101 100 98 1.86 2.23
Industrial Production(2) 70.7 78.9 83.9 100.0 102.6 101.4 102.5 1.01 1.27
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators
(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita.
(2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Average annual
percent change
1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 78-90 90-05

Mtce:
Coking Coal - - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -

Mt:
Coking Coal - - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
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4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL*

(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 73-90 90-05
(1)
TFC 69.78 72.93 73.26 85.03 88.98 90.36 91.95 0.29 1.53
Coal 1.55 1.11 1.97 1.18 1.22 1.40 1.33 1.44 -2.59
Oil 35.23 30.13 28.42 34.95 38.25 38.84 41.09 -1.26 2.49
Gas 27.56 34.64 32.85 32.95 33.29 33.22 31.85 1.04 -0.21
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - 0.54 0.53 0.52 0.55 0.56 - 0.25
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 - 15.63
Electricity 5.45 7.05 9.03 12.03 12.35 12.67 12.84 3.02 2.37
Heat - - 0.44 3.36 3.31 3.65 4.26 - 16.38
of which:
Total Industry 19.55 17.57 16.19 17.95 18.53 19.15 19.70 -1.10 1.32
Coal 1.09 0.99 1.58 0.77 0.75 0.93 0.89 2.21 -3.77
Oil 4.04 3.61 1.13 2.25 2.48 2.36 2.92 -7.22 6.55
Gas 11.63 9.52 9.30 8.20 8.43 8.56 8.21 -1.31 -0.83
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - 0.09 0.12 0.14 0.17 0.18 - 4.73
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 2.79 3.45 4.08 4.99 5.00 5.08 5.11 2.26 1.51
Heat - - - 1.62 1.73 2.05 2.39 - -
Total Transport 10.67 12.41 15.09 20.78 21.49 22.03 22.08 2.06 2.57
Coal - - - - - - - - -
Oil 10.56 12.29 14.93 20.58 21.30 21.83 21.88 2.06 2.58
Gas - - - - - - - - -
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 0.11 0.12 0.16 0.20 0.19 0.20 0.20 2.09 1.57
Residential 18.77 20.28 14.20 14.72 15.00 14.91 14.77 -1.63 0.27
Coal 0.34 0.07 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 -12.77 -9.84
Oil 6.88 2.05 0.35 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.11 -16.01 -7.60
Gas 10.21 16.31 11.23 11.38 11.45 11.28 10.74 0.56 -0.29
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - 0.40 0.34 0.33 0.33 0.33 - -1.35
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 - 15.63
Electricity 1.35 1.86 2.03 2.68 2.86 2.89 2.98 2.44 2.60
Heat - - 0.15 0.21 0.25 0.29 0.58 - 9.42
Comm & Public Services 2.76 2.54 8.44 10.54 11.89 11.84 10.80 6.79 1.66
Coal - - 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 - 0.50
Oil 1.56 1.09 0.92 0.42 0.45 0.44 0.56 -3.07 -3.25
Gas - 0.04 4.76 5.26 6.49 6.25 5.10 - 0.46
Comb. Renew/Waste - - 0.05 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.06 - 0.77
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 1.20 1.41 2.54 3.72 3.80 4.00 3.85 4.50 2.81
Heat - - 0.14 1.04 1.06 1.04 1.20 - 15.63
Non-Energy Use 10.78 12.54 14.21 14.84 16.69 16.90 18.82 1.64 1.89
Coal - - 0.32 0.37 0.43 0.41 0.39 - 1.48
Oil 10.78 10.05 10.65 10.89 13.22 13.41 14.92 -0.07 2.27
Gas - 2.49 3.25 3.58 3.04 3.08 3.51 - 0.51
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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5. COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

Production 1.6 - - - - - - - -
Imports 4.2 7.3 16.8 20.5 20.8 18.6 16.0 8.5 0.7
Exports -2.0 -2.0 -3.3 -8.7 -8.6 -6.7 -4.5 2.9 4.9
Stock Changes 0.3 0.1 -0.7 -0.2 0.2 -0.2 -0.6 x x
Primary Supply 4.1 5.4 12.8 11.5 12.4 11.7 10.9 6.9 -0.6
Statistical Difference 0.1 0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 - .. x x
Total Transformation -1.8 e -4.1 e -10.3 e -10.0 e -10.6 e -10.1 e .. 10.9 -0.1
Electricity and Heat Gen. -1.1 -2.6 -8.7 -8.2 -8.5 -8.0 .. 12.8 -0.6
Main activity producers (1) -1.1 -2.4 -8.6 -8.2 -8.5 -8.0 .. 12.7 -0.5
Autoproducers - -0.2 -0.1 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 .. - -12.0
Gas Works - - - - - - .. - -
(2)
Coal Transformation -0.6 e -1.6 e -1.6 e -1.8 e -2.1 e -2.1 e .. 5.4 2.0
BKB plants - - - - - - .. - -
Blast Furnaces -0.8 e -1.2 e -1.5 e -1.6 e -1.9 e -1.9 e .. 3.3 1.9
Coke Ovens 0.2 -0.4 -0.1 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 .. - 3.9
Patent Fuel plants 0.0 - - - - - .. - -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - .. - -
Own use -0.9 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 .. -5.5 -1.6
Distribution Losses -0.1 - - - - - .. x x
(4)
Final Consumption 1.5 1.1 2.0 1.2 1.4 1.3 .. 1.4 -2.6
(5)
Industry sector 1.1 1.0 1.6 0.8 0.9 0.9 .. 2.2 -3.8
Iron and Steel 0.7 0.6 0.9 e 0.6 0.9 e 0.8 e .. 1.6 -0.8
Chemical 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.1 - - .. 2.8 -
Non-metallic minerals 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 .. 10.5 -5.4
Paper, pulp and print - - 0.0 - - - .. - -
Transport sector(6) - - - - - - .. - -
(7)
Other Sectors 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. -10.1 -3.0
Comm. and pub. services - - 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. - 0.5
Residential 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. -12.8 -9.8
Non-energy Use - - 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 .. - 1.5
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by
* the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

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6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES*

(million tonnes) Average annual
percent change
1978 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 78-90 90-05
Steam Coal 1.85 2.45 9.64 8.88 9.28 8.93 8.31 14.74 -0.99
Total Electricity and Heat 1.70 2.40 8.72 8.59 9.21 8.88 8.27 14.59 -0.36
Main activity producers 1.59 2.26 8.69 8.59 9.21 8.88 8.27 15.21 -0.33
Autoproducers 0.11 0.14 0.03 - - - - -9.75 -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Blast Furnaces Inputs 0.01 0.01 - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector 0.06 0.07 0.48 0.11 0.03 0.02 0.01 19.17 -22.30
Iron and Steel - - - 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 - -
Chemical 0.05 0.06 0.36 0.05 - - - 17.55 -
Non-metallic minerals - - 0.03 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -20.79
Paper, Pulp and Print - - 0.00 - - - - - -
Other industry 0.01 0.01 0.09 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01 22.79 -17.77
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 0.07 0.07 0.06 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 -0.98 -4.52
Non-energy use - - 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 - - -
Coking Coal 2.95 3.52 4.39 4.05 4.39 4.62 4.70 3.36 0.45
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens 3.28 3.67 3.85 3.01 3.05 3.15 3.16 1.33 -1.31
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - 0.62 1.05 1.33 1.41 1.47 - 5.95
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector - - 0.06 - - 0.06 0.07 - 0.63
Iron and Steel - - 0.06 - - 0.06 0.05 - -1.32
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - - - - - 0.02 - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -
Brown Coal/Lignite 0.07 0.16 0.07 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.12 -2.12
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector 0.07 0.15 0.06 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.03 -0.95 -4.74
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals 0.07 0.15 0.06 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 -1.23 -5.49
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 - 4.73
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 - 9.05
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

(US Dollars / tce)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal 40.99 63.99 71.37 .. .. .. .. .. ..
Heavy Fuel Oil 65.34 138.04 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas 61.49 126.93 103.23 .. .. .. .. .. ..
For Industry
Steam Coal 57.76 62.94 62.74 .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal 105.55 131.85 154.34 .. .. .. .. .. ..
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 71.09 133.96 131.18 x x x x x x
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. 156.50 148.84 190.79 199.49 255.43 296.48
Natural Gas 68.25 113.74 97.42 129.53 127.91 172.95 .. .. ..

(Euro / unit)(2)
For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal 40.25 57.72 58.95 .. .. .. .. .. ..
Heavy Fuel Oil 89.46 173.60 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas 77.63 147.20 109.63 .. .. .. .. .. ..
For Industry
Steam Coal 56.72 56.77 51.82 .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal 100.69 115.53 123.84 .. .. .. .. .. ..
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 97.33 168.47 151.08 x x x x x x
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. 236.75 220.19 235.42 223.91 286.69 329.46
Natural Gas 86.17 131.91 103.46 180.69 174.49 196.79 .. .. ..
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL*

(Mtce)

1973 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Imports 4.20 7.32 16.78 20.46 19.88 20.20 20.81 18.60 16.00
Hard Coal 3.52 6.38 16.19 19.60 19.14 19.45 20.32 18.10 15.72
Coking Coal .. 3.15 4.51 4.76 4.84 4.46 4.88 4.88 3.58
Steam Coal .. 3.23 11.68 14.84 14.30 14.98 15.45 13.23 12.14
Brown Coal / Lignite 0.01 0.11 0.05 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.02
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 0.66 0.84 0.54 0.83 0.70 0.72 0.46 0.46 0.26

Total Exports 1.99 2.02 3.26 8.71 8.11 7.02 8.55 6.72 4.48
Hard Coal 1.07 1.33 2.31 7.89 7.42 6.46 8.20 6.36 3.94
Coking Coal .. 0.04 - 0.92 0.71 0.29 0.39 0.23 -
Steam Coal .. 1.30 2.31 6.97 6.72 6.17 7.81 6.13 3.94
Brown Coal / Lignite - - 0.00 0.00 - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 0.93 0.68 0.95 0.82 0.69 0.56 0.35 0.36 0.54
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

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9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Hard Coal 5038 7156 17440 22295 21677 21620 22603 20415 17840

Coking Coal 2853 3399 4603 4864 4947 4561 4988 4987 3662
Australia 961 382 449 1903 1240 972 655 1346 1235
Canada - - 426 366 1450 1139 1500 902 705
Czech Republic 89 114 - - - - - - -
Germany 782 670 462 - - - 1 - -
Poland 376 482 98 319 - 18 - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States 644 1749 3110 1620 1080 1173 1417 1364 840
Other OECD 1 1 4 1 71 73 73 99 -

China, People's Rep. - - 1 - - - - - -

Colombia - - 6 10 86 80 91 - -
Indonesia - - 46 441 - 110 - - -
South Africa - - 1 - 139 118 11 - -
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - - 173 27 296 359 266
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - 204 -
Venezuela - - - 204 708 851 943 713 596
Vietnam - - - - - - - - 20
Non-Specified/Other - 1 - - - - 1 - -

Steam Coal 2185 3757 12837 17431 16730 17059 17615 15428 14178
Australia 529 792 5176 1110 1593 1589 745 439 277
Canada 55 - - - 189 - - - 2
Czech Republic 62 68 - - 138 41 140 - -
Germany 703 706 72 19 19 28 177 43 91
Poland 264 460 1043 1246 321 359 180 97 122
United Kingdom 166 156 - 9 1 2 1 68 1
United States 14 1053 3023 1242 1270 8 406 290 205
Other OECD 10 63 237 365 266 137 167 239 215

China, People's Rep. - - 152 271 412 227 143 83 237

Colombia - - 1514 4795 2940 4282 4424 5703 4392
Indonesia - - 133 2644 1771 1972 1784 992 2176
South Africa 309 459 1436 5269 7257 7976 8305 6084 5234
Former USSR(2) 57 - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - 32 174 417 261 973 1250 995
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - 33 138
Venezuela - - 19 90 - 122 - - -
Vietnam - - - 158 10 5 1 - 72
Non-Specified/Other 16 - - 39 126 50 169 107 21
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Exports 13 39 - 938 722 293 395 236 -

Exports to:
Total OECD 13 39 - 938 722 293 393 236 -
Australia - - - - - - - - -
Austria - - - - - - - - -
Belgium 13 9 - - 22 - 103 - -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Denmark - - - - - - - - -
Finland - 27 - - - - - - -
France - - - 10 110 36 7 - -
Germany - - - 928 585 253 195 236 -
Greece - - - - - - - - -
Hungary - - - - - - - - -
Iceland - - - - - - - - -
Ireland - - - - - - - - -
Italy - - - - - - - - -
Japan - - - - - - - - -
Korea - - - - - - - - -
Luxembourg - - - - - - - - -
Mexico - - - - - - - - -
Netherlands - - - - - - - - -
New Zealand - - - - - - - - -
Norway - - - - 3 - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
Portugal - - - - - - - - -
Slovak Republic - - - - - - - - -
Spain - - - - - 4 - - -
Sweden - - - - - - - - -
Switzerland - - - - - - - - -
Turkey - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - 3 - - 2 - 88 - -
United States - - - - - - - - -

Total Non-OECD - - - - - - - - -
Brazil - - - - - - - - -
Chinese Taipei - - - - - - - - -
Egypt - - - - - - - - -
Hong Kong, China - - - - - - - - -
India - - - - - - - - -
Israel - - - - - - - - -
Romania - - - - - - - - -
Oth. Africa & Mid. East - - - - - - - - -
Other Latin America - - - - - - - - -
Other Asia & Oceania - - - - - - - - -
Other Eastern Europe - - - - - - - - -

Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - 2 - -
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Exports 475 1508 2512 8184 7846 7002 8897 7138 4606
Exports to:
Total OECD 475 1493 2448 8158 7720 6824 8781 7114 4590
Australia - - - - - - - - -
Austria - - - 1 5 2 72 4 1
Belgium 231 575 469 149 569 177 117 38 7
Canada - - - - - - - 18 12
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Denmark - 59 2 - - - 28 67 44
Finland - 146 2 - 2 - - 309 202
France 9 87 261 316 507 770 1406 1291 836
Germany 228 409 1410 7041 6140 5400 6406 4599 2982
Greece - - - - - - - 71 47
Hungary - - - - - - - 60 39
Iceland - - - - - - - 33 22
Ireland - - 48 - - - 3 - -
Italy - 1 - 3 - - - - -
Japan - - - - - - - - -
Korea - - - - - - - - -
Luxembourg - - - 53 - - - 1 -
Mexico - - - - - - - - -
Netherlands - - - - - - - - -
New Zealand - - - - - - - - -
Norway - - 7 309 216 200 228 172 110
Poland - - - - - - - 6 -
Portugal - 4 3 - 7 - - - -
Slovak Republic - - - - - - - - -
Spain - - 26 19 32 104 49 17 7
Sweden - 24 - - - - - 13 9
Switzerland 5 121 7 - - - - - -
Turkey - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom 2 67 213 267 242 171 472 415 272
United States - - - - - - - - -

Total Non-OECD - 5 64 - 3 - - 39 26
Brazil - - - - - - - - -
Chinese Taipei - - - - - - - - -
Egypt - - - - - - - 3 2
Hong Kong, China - - - - - - - - -
India - - - - - - - - -
Israel - - - - - - - - -
Romania - - - - - - - - -
Oth. Africa & Mid. East - 5 61 - - - - - -
Other Latin America - - - - - - - - -
Other Asia & Oceania - - 3 - - - - - -
Other Eastern Europe - - - - 3 - - 21 14

Non-Specified/Other - 10 - 26 123 178 116 - -

Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN*

(Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne)

1988 1990 1995 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Coking Coal(1) 62.90 60.87 53.77 55.37 55.55 63.00 78.99 104.06 125.70
Imports from:
Australia 61.99 60.19 56.87 52.79 52.70 64.81 86.94 101.15 126.33
Canada 46.53 59.41 54.78 56.56 55.69 61.32 76.24 100.14 143.55
Czech Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Poland 50.54 60.71 55.46 .. 36.81 .. .. .. ..
United States 57.37 51.33 57.65 58.86 62.05 68.56 86.30 108.36 127.21
China .. 46.96 39.24 100.24 96.07 129.95 .. 352.78 127.00
Colombia .. 50.24 .. .. .. .. 76.73 130.59 ..
South Africa 41.29 47.62 .. .. .. 48.99 .. .. ..
Former USSR(2) 50.79 .. 33.59 .. .. 64.70 68.97 95.25 88.14

Steam Coal(3) 39.52 52.25 43.89 40.09 35.81 37.27 55.09 68.86 68.57
Imports from:
Australia 39.88 52.28 42.39 35.17 43.79 45.99 70.15 106.55 108.34
Canada .. .. .. 46.12 .. 90.34 103.25 144.61 145.81
Czech Republic 63.86 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Poland 43.19 55.66 46.60 36.13 33.79 37.89 70.15 304.89 61.40
United States 43.36 54.91 49.37 41.01 39.15 35.34 53.90 76.01 100.13
China 38.66 51.46 42.61 36.84 34.96 38.27 62.91 77.09 ..
Colombia 37.43 51.72 40.75 45.92 32.69 34.28 54.89 65.86 62.25
South Africa 36.10 43.71 41.63 40.08 35.86 36.35 52.22 65.31 64.04
Former USSR(2) 37.78 47.99 58.39 37.95 35.41 40.39 74.07 67.64 76.60
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.
(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade.
(2) Former USSR until 1991, Russia starting in 1992.
(3) Bituminous steam coal only. Weighted average of individual countries using volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce) Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)
30 140

25 120

100
20
80
15
60

10
40

5 20

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal/TPES
Coal Oil Gas Nuclear Renewables Coal/Population
Coal/GDP

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

5.0 3.5
4.5
3.0
4.0
3.5 2.5

3.0
2.0
2.5
1.5
2.0
1.5 1.0
1.0
0.5
0.5
0.0 0.0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Production Coal Supply Electricity and Heat Other Transformation
Exports Imports Industry Other Use

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh) Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2)
50 40
45
35
40
30
35
30 25

25 20
20
15
15
10
10
5 5

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal Oil Gas Hydro Nuclear Other Coal Oil Gas Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

TPES (Mtce) 11.81 13.14 19.65 25.65 24.90 24.16 25.04 3.04 1.38
Coal 1.80 1.46 1.62 1.49 2.59 2.86 2.96 -0.64 3.87
Oil 6.32 6.03 5.66 9.01 10.05 9.74 9.87 -0.65 3.68
Gas 0.40 1.13 5.57 7.22 4.93 4.56 4.68 16.69 -1.32
Comb. Renew/Waste - 0.74 0.78 1.02 1.18 1.24 1.27 - 3.15
Nuclear - - - - - - - - -
Hydro 1.76 2.33 2.87 3.00 3.34 2.88 2.88 2.92 0.04
Geothermal 1.53 1.46 3.16 3.90 2.72 2.76 3.27 4.37 -0.90
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - 0.01 0.05 0.08 0.09 - -
Net Electricity trade(1) - - - - - - - - -
Heat(2) - - - - 0.03 0.02 0.02 - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries.
(2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

GDP (2000 bil. US$) 33 33 40 53 62 63 64 1.17 3.07

TPES/GDP(1) 0.36 0.40 0.49 0.49 0.40 0.39 0.39 1.85 -1.64
Population (millions) 3.0 3.1 3.4 3.9 4.1 4.1 4.1 0.73 1.33
TPES/population(1) 3.98 4.18 5.85 6.64 6.13 5.89 6.06 2.29 0.05
TPES/GDP(2) 74.2 81.6 101.3 100.0 83.1 79.1 81.0 1.85 -1.64
Coal Supply/GDP(2) 195.4 155.8 143.7 100.0 148.7 161.4 164.8 -1.79 0.78
Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 76.3 92.4 109.2 100.0 95.4 92.5 .. 2.13 -1.10
Elec. Generation (TWh) 19 23 32 39 43 43 43 3.32 1.92
Industrial Production(2) .. .. 83.1 100.0 111.6 108.7 107.4 - 1.81
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators
(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita.
(2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Average annual
percent change
1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 78-90 90-05

Mtce:
Coking Coal 0.01 0.18 0.55 1.72 2.40 2.37 2.68 38.38 10.20
Steam Coal 1.53 1.36 1.35 1.51 1.77 1.88 2.00 -1.01 2.20
Brown Coal 0.07 0.10 0.08 0.10 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.89 2.99
Peat - - - - - - - - -

Mt:
Coking Coal 0.01 0.17 0.58 1.64 2.47 2.45 2.77 39.12 10.10
Steam Coal 2.01 1.76 1.85 2.00 2.45 2.58 2.75 -0.70 2.24
Brown Coal 0.15 0.21 0.16 0.21 0.24 0.25 0.25 0.54 2.87
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
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4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL*

(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 73-90 90-05
(1)
TFC 8.65 10.13 13.59 18.64 18.48 19.18 18.19 2.70 1.96
Coal 1.24 1.15 0.97 0.66 0.95 0.74 0.69 -1.46 -2.19
Oil 5.24 5.43 6.33 8.34 9.35 9.72 9.71 1.11 2.89
Gas 0.20 0.52 1.85 4.40 2.65 2.86 1.95 13.84 0.36
Comb. Renew/Wastes - 0.63 0.64 0.78 0.89 0.93 0.95 - 2.64
Geothermal - - 0.39 0.32 0.33 0.33 0.33 - -1.08
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - 0.01 0.01 0.01 - -
Electricity 1.96 2.40 3.41 4.13 4.31 4.61 4.55 3.33 1.94
Heat - - - - - - - - -
of which:
Total Industry 2.77 3.42 4.18 4.15 4.54 4.60 4.71 2.44 0.81
Coal 0.98 0.78 0.79 0.50 0.77 0.48 0.52 -1.28 -2.74
Oil 1.03 0.85 0.39 0.45 0.47 0.55 0.53 -5.52 2.06
Gas 0.07 0.38 0.76 0.71 0.75 0.81 0.91 14.70 1.19
Comb. Renew/Wastes - 0.46 0.55 0.56 0.67 0.71 0.73 - 1.88
Geothermal - - 0.31 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19 - -3.11
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 0.69 0.94 1.37 1.73 1.70 1.86 1.83 4.12 1.93
Heat - - - - - - - - -
Total Transport 3.07 3.56 4.90 6.88 7.87 8.15 8.04 2.78 3.35
Coal - 0.00 - - - - - - -
Oil 3.07 3.55 4.81 6.82 7.81 8.09 7.98 2.68 3.43
Gas - 0.01 0.08 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 - -15.85
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.06 2.67 14.23
Residential 1.29 1.45 1.60 1.92 2.01 2.10 2.08 1.28 1.75
Coal 0.22 0.19 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 -8.17 -4.04
Oil 0.11 0.04 0.02 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.07 -10.97 10.67
Gas 0.04 0.06 0.11 0.22 0.21 0.21 0.20 5.92 4.22
Comb. Renew/Wastes - 0.17 e 0.09 e 0.22 0.21 0.22 0.22 - 6.03
Geothermal - - 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -18.62
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - 0.01 0.01 0.01 - -
Electricity 0.91 0.99 1.26 1.39 1.49 1.57 1.55 1.91 1.38
Heat - - - - - - - - -
Comm & Public Services 0.73 1.01 1.16 1.62 1.61 1.76 1.71 2.76 2.65
Coal - 0.17 0.08 0.11 0.13 0.21 0.11 - 1.65
Oil 0.33 0.36 0.23 0.14 0.15 0.19 0.29 -2.15 1.57
Gas 0.09 0.07 0.15 0.44 0.29 0.28 0.23 3.05 2.77
Comb. Renew/Waste - 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 - 6.23
Geothermal - - - 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 0.30 0.41 0.69 0.80 0.90 0.95 0.95 4.95 2.18
Heat - - - - - - - - -
Non-Energy Use 0.34 0.30 1.20 3.46 1.76 1.97 1.01 7.72 -1.10
Coal - - - - - - - - -
Oil 0.34 0.30 0.45 0.43 0.36 0.42 0.40 1.64 -0.71
Gas - - 0.75 3.03 1.40 1.55 0.61 - -1.34
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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5. COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

Production 1.8 1.6 2.0 3.3 4.3 4.4 4.8 0.4 5.4
Imports - - 0.0 - 0.6 0.8 0.9 - 37.5
Exports -0.0 -0.1 -0.3 -1.6 -2.0 -2.4 -2.8 14.7 14.4
Stock Changes -0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.4 0.1 0.0 x x
Primary Supply 1.8 1.5 1.6 1.5 2.6 2.9 3.0 -0.6 3.9
Statistical Difference - - 0.0 -0.0 0.1 0.1 .. x x
Total Transformation -0.6 -0.3 -0.7 -0.8 -2.0 -2.3 .. 0.9 8.8
Electricity and Heat Gen. -0.5 -0.2 -0.3 -0.9 -1.9 -2.2 .. -3.3 14.2
Main activity producers (1) -0.5 -0.2 -0.2 -0.3 -1.4 -1.7 .. -6.4 16.7
Autoproducers - - -0.1 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5 .. - 9.0
Gas Works -0.0 -0.0 - - - - .. - -
(2)
Coal Transformation -0.0 -0.0 -0.4 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 .. 22.3 -7.3
BKB plants - - - - - - .. - -
Blast Furnaces - - -0.4 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 .. - -7.3
Coke Ovens -0.0 -0.0 - - - - .. - -
Patent Fuel plants -0.0 - - - - - .. - -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - .. - -
Own use - -0.0 - - - - .. - -
Distribution Losses - -0.0 - - - - .. x x
(4)
Final Consumption 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.7 0.7 0.7 .. -1.5 -2.2
(5)
Industry sector 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.5 .. -1.3 -2.7
Iron and Steel 0.1 0.1 - - - - .. - -
Chemical - - - - - - .. - -
Non-metallic minerals - 0.1 - - - - .. - -
Paper, pulp and print - 0.1 - - - - .. - -
Transport sector(6) - 0.0 - - - - .. - -
(7)
Other Sectors 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 .. -2.2 -0.2
Comm. and pub. services - 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 .. - 1.7
Residential 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. -8.2 -4.0
Non-energy Use - - - - - - .. - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by
* the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

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New Zealand

6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES*

(million tonnes) Average annual
percent change
1978 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 78-90 90-05
Steam Coal 2.04 1.76 1.78 1.78 3.26 3.49 3.94 -1.10 5.42
Total Electricity and Heat 0.59 0.30 0.27 0.45 1.49 1.94 2.46 -6.32 15.85
Main activity producers 0.59 0.30 0.23 0.43 1.45 1.90 2.41 -7.50 16.90
Autoproducers - - 0.04 0.02 0.04 0.04 0.04 - 0.67
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens 0.05 0.02 - - - - - - -
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - 0.62 0.67 0.78 0.79 0.76 - 1.34
Gas manufacture 0.08 0.08 - - - - - - -
Industry sector 0.83 0.95 0.78 0.50 0.80 0.47 0.52 -0.50 -2.61
Iron and Steel 0.18 0.14 - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals 0.12 0.10 - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print 0.03 0.06 - - - - - - -
Other industry 0.49 0.65 0.78 0.50 0.80 0.47 0.52 3.89 -2.61
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 0.45 0.36 0.10 0.13 0.16 0.27 0.14 -11.72 2.30
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Coking Coal - 0.01 0.22 - - - - - -
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector - - 0.16 - - - - - -
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - 0.16 - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - 0.02 - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal/Lignite 0.13 0.21 0.21 0.26 0.30 0.28 0.28 3.89 1.94
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector 0.09 0.09 0.13 0.18 0.23 0.22 0.22 3.10 3.64
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals 0.00 0.01 - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print 0.03 0.03 - - - - - - -
Other industry 0.05 0.05 0.13 0.18 0.23 0.22 0.22 7.73 3.64
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 0.04 0.11 0.08 0.08 0.07 0.06 0.06 5.52 -2.12
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

(US Dollars / tce)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal c c c c c c c c c
Heavy Fuel Oil c c c c c c c c c
Natural Gas c c c c c c c c c
For Industry
Steam Coal 36.23 41.63 c c c c c c c
Coking Coal c c c c c c c c c
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 90.61 162.85 157.64 186.62 143.92 154.97 192.21 274.15 308.86
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. 61.47 46.54 50.91 82.49 95.92 129.12 145.41

(New Zealand Dollars / unit)(2)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal c c c c c c c c c
Heavy Fuel Oil c c c c c c c c c
Natural Gas c c c c c c c c c
For Industry
Steam Coal 34.00 41.75 c c c c c c c
Coking Coal c c c c c c c c c
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 126.00 242.00 382.75 595.43 450.44 386.60 419.69 563.70 689.15
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. 132.62 131.94 141.59 182.84 186.10 235.90 288.28
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL*

(Mtce)

1973 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Imports - - 0.01 - - - 0.64 0.80 0.91

Hard Coal - - 0.01 - - - 0.64 0.80 0.91
Coking Coal .. - 0.01 - - - - - 0.01
Steam Coal .. - - - - - 0.64 0.80 0.90
Brown Coal / Lignite - - - - - - - - 0.00
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) - - - - - - - - -

Total Exports 0.03 0.07 0.32 1.60 2.03 2.29 1.97 2.41 2.81
Hard Coal - 0.07 0.32 1.60 2.03 2.29 1.97 2.41 2.81
Coking Coal .. 0.07 0.32 1.60 2.03 2.29 1.97 2.41 2.81
Steam Coal .. - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal / Lignite - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 0.03 - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

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10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Exports 11 70 336 1529 1932 2210 1908 2331 2720

Exports to:
Total OECD 11 70 285 940 1055 e 986 e 1013 e 1042 e 1216
Australia - - - 122 - - - - -
Austria - - - - - - - - -
Belgium - - - - - - - - -
Canada - - 30 - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Denmark - - - - - - - - -
Finland - - - - - - - - -
France - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - 69 e - - - -
Greece - - - - - - - - -
Hungary - - - - - - - - -
Iceland - - - - - - - - -
Ireland - - - - - - - - -
Italy - - - - - - - - -
Japan 11 70 243 687 956 e 937 e 1013 e 1042 e 1216
Korea - - - - - - - - -
Luxembourg - - - - - - - - -
Mexico - - - - - - - - -
Netherlands - - 12 85 30 e - - - -
New Zealand - - - - - - - - -
Norway - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
Portugal - - - - - - - - -
Slovak Republic - - - - - - - - -
Spain - - - - - - - - -
Sweden - - - - - - - - -
Switzerland - - - 46 - - - - -
Turkey - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States - - - - - 49 e - - -

Total Non-OECD - - 51 589 877 e 1224 e 895 e 1289 e 1504

Brazil - - - - - e 297 e 387 e 451 e 526
Chinese Taipei - - - - - - - - -
Egypt - - - - - - - - -
Hong Kong, China - - - - - - - - -
India - - 51 185 173 e - - - -
Israel - - - - - - - - -
Romania - - - - - - - - -
Oth. Africa & Mid. East - - - - - - - - -
Other Latin America - - - 313 149 e 361 e 390 e 467 e 545
Other Asia & Oceania - - - 91 555 e 566 e 118 e 371 e 433
Other Eastern Europe - - - - - - - - -

Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce) Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)
50 120
45
100
40
35
80
30
25 60

20
40
15
10 20
5
0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal/TPES
Coal Oil Gas Nuclear Renewables Coal/Population
Coal/GDP

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

3.0 1.8

1.6
2.5
1.4

2.0 1.2

1.0
1.5
0.8

1.0 0.6

0.4
0.5
0.2

0.0 0.0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Production Coal Supply Electricity and Heat Other Transformation
Exports Imports Industry Other Use

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh) Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2)
160 45

140 40

120 35

30
100
25
80
20
60
15
40
10
20 5

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal Oil Gas Hydro Nuclear Other Coal Oil Gas Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

TPES (Mtce) 20.91 26.65 30.73 36.87 40.38 45.89 43.12 2.29 2.71
Coal 1.30 1.44 1.23 1.54 1.32 1.11 0.98 -0.31 -0.71
Oil 11.29 12.92 12.24 13.45 15.11 20.24 18.41 0.48 3.41
Gas - 1.24 2.82 5.19 7.25 7.37 6.98 - 6.61
Comb. Renew/Waste - 0.84 1.47 1.94 1.85 1.87 1.85 - 1.59
Nuclear - - - - - - - - -
Hydro 8.95 10.27 14.88 17.07 13.37 16.68 14.67 3.04 0.76
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - 0.00 0.03 0.06 0.08 - -
Net Electricity trade(1) -0.64 -0.06 -1.95 -2.34 1.41 -1.48 0.11 6.81 -1.84
Heat(2) - - 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.05 - 3.42
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries.
(2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

GDP (2000 bil. US$) 66 91 116 167 181 185 193 3.33 3.16
TPES/GDP(1) 0.32 0.29 0.27 0.22 0.22 0.25 0.22 -1.01 -0.44
Population (millions) 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.5 4.6 4.6 4.6 0.40 0.58
TPES/population(1) 5.28 6.52 7.25 8.21 8.80 9.93 9.30 1.88 2.12
TPES/GDP(2) 142.7 132.5 120.1 100.0 101.2 112.4 101.1 -1.01 -0.44
Coal Supply/GDP(2) 213.1 171.5 115.7 100.0 79.7 65.2 54.9 -3.53 -3.75
Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 139.7 125.2 127.4 100.0 91.0 92.3 .. -0.54 -2.13
Elec. Generation (TWh) 73 84 122 140 110 137 121 3.05 0.81
Industrial Production(2) 32.3 46.2 71.5 100.0 97.4 96.9 94.6 4.79 2.05
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators
(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita.
(2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Average annual
percent change
1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 78-90 90-05

Mtce:
Coking Coal 0.23 0.16 - - - - - - -
Steam Coal 0.18 0.13 0.29 0.61 2.78 1.41 2.25 4.31 11.11
Brown Coal - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -

Mt:
Coking Coal 0.23 0.16 - - - - - - -
Steam Coal 0.18 0.13 0.30 0.63 2.90 1.47 2.35 4.68 11.11
Brown Coal - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
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4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL*

(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 73-90 90-05
(1)
TFC 19.61 23.34 25.75 28.96 29.65 30.03 30.14 1.62 1.05
Coal 1.16 1.24 1.11 1.36 1.00 1.13 0.96 -0.27 -0.96
Oil 10.97 12.07 11.36 11.41 13.15 12.74 12.56 0.21 0.67
Gas 0.01 0.01 - 0.84 1.00 1.15 1.07 - -
Comb. Renew/Wastes - 0.84 1.28 1.71 1.56 1.48 1.51 - 1.08
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 7.47 9.19 11.89 13.46 12.67 13.26 13.75 2.78 0.97
Heat - - 0.11 0.18 0.27 0.28 0.30 - 7.11
of which:
Total Industry 8.36 9.22 8.64 9.94 9.02 9.46 9.37 0.20 0.54
Coal 1.08 1.19 1.09 1.36 1.00 1.13 0.96 0.07 -0.89
Oil 2.71 2.86 1.35 1.13 1.31 1.18 1.09 -4.00 -1.43
Gas 0.00 0.00 - 0.25 0.24 0.27 0.26 - -
Comb. Renew/Wastes - 0.26 0.55 0.85 0.57 0.55 0.57 - 0.32
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 4.57 4.91 5.63 6.34 5.87 6.30 6.45 1.23 0.91
Heat - - 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 - 3.17
Total Transport 3.74 4.54 6.02 6.54 6.83 7.08 7.20 2.85 1.19
Coal - - - - - - - - -
Oil 3.67 4.46 5.92 6.35 6.62 6.88 6.99 2.85 1.11
Gas - - - 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 - -
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 0.06 0.08 0.10 0.19 0.20 0.18 0.19 2.78 4.24
Residential 2.69 4.57 5.16 5.47 5.45 5.37 5.42 3.91 0.33
Coal 0.08 0.04 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -12.22 -13.56
Oil 0.64 1.19 0.65 0.36 0.51 0.43 0.34 0.15 -4.25
Gas 0.01 0.00 - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 - -
Comb. Renew/Wastes - 0.57 0.74 0.82 0.96 0.90 0.90 - 1.37
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 1.96 2.77 3.72 4.26 3.93 3.98 4.12 3.84 0.67
Heat - - 0.04 0.03 0.05 0.05 0.05 - 2.70
Comm & Public Services 0.83 2.35 2.91 2.93 3.33 3.36 3.52 7.68 1.29
Coal - - - - - - - - -
Oil 0.01 1.00 0.50 0.35 0.68 0.59 0.53 22.95 0.38
Gas 0.00 - - 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.02 - -
Comb. Renew/Waste - - - 0.04 0.02 0.03 0.03 - -
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 0.81 1.35 2.36 2.42 2.43 2.54 2.74 6.49 1.01
Heat - - 0.05 0.13 0.19 0.20 0.21 - 10.38
Non-Energy Use 1.59 2.27 2.63 2.97 3.86 3.60 3.51 3.03 1.93
Coal - - - - - - - - -
Oil 1.59 2.27 2.63 2.37 3.12 2.76 2.77 3.03 0.33
Gas - - - 0.60 0.74 0.84 0.74 - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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5. COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

Production 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.6 2.8 1.4 2.3 -2.1 11.1
Imports 1.0 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.9 1.3 -1.2
Exports -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.6 -2.6 -1.6 -2.2 3.9 13.2
Stock Changes 0.1 0.0 -0.0 0.1 -0.0 0.3 0.0 x x
Primary Supply 1.3 1.4 1.2 1.5 1.3 1.1 1.0 -0.3 -0.7
Statistical Difference 0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 0.0 .. x x
Total Transformation -0.1 e -0.1 e -0.1 e -0.1 e -0.1 e -0.1 e .. -1.2 1.0
Electricity and Heat Gen. -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 e .. 3.5 1.5
Main activity producers (1) -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 e .. 3.5 1.5
Autoproducers - - - - - - .. - -
Gas Works - - - - - - .. - -
(2)
Coal Transformation -0.1 e -0.1 e -0.1 e -0.1 e -0.1 e -0.1 e .. -2.3 0.8
BKB plants - - - - - - .. - -
Blast Furnaces -0.1 e -0.1 e -0.1 e -0.1 e -0.1 e -0.1 e .. -1.4 0.8
Coke Ovens -0.0 0.0 - - - - .. - -
Patent Fuel plants - - - - - - .. - -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - .. - -
Own use -0.0 -0.0 - - - - .. - -
Distribution Losses -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 .. x x
(4)
Final Consumption 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.4 1.1 1.0 .. -0.3 -1.0
(5)
Industry sector 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.4 1.1 1.0 .. 0.1 -0.9
Iron and Steel 0.8 e 0.9 e 0.8 e 0.8 e 0.6 e 0.5 e .. -0.6 -2.4
Chemical 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 .. 3.4 1.9
Non-metallic minerals 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.2 .. 1.5 2.5
Paper, pulp and print - - 0.0 - - - .. - -
Transport sector(6) - - - - - - .. - -
(7)
Other Sectors 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. -9.9 -16.1
Comm. and pub. services - - - - - - .. - -
Residential 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. -12.2 -13.6
Non-energy Use - - - - - - .. - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by
* the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

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6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES*

(million tonnes) Average annual
percent change
1978 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 78-90 90-05
Steam Coal 0.42 0.52 0.75 1.04 0.81 0.91 0.80 5.00 0.40
Total Electricity and Heat 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.84 1.17
Main activity producers 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.84 1.17
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector 0.35 0.51 0.74 0.96 0.73 0.81 0.69 6.54 -0.47
Iron and Steel 0.25 0.31 0.48 0.47 0.31 0.39 0.31 5.75 -2.83
Chemical 0.10 0.12 0.11 0.22 0.18 0.21 0.19 1.12 3.40
Non-metallic minerals - 0.08 0.14 0.27 0.24 0.22 0.19 - 2.23
Paper, Pulp and Print - - 0.01 - - - - - -
Other industry 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - - - 3.44 -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -2.93 -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Coking Coal 0.41 0.43 - - - - - - -
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens 0.41 0.43 - - - - - - -
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector - - - - - - - - -
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal/Lignite - - - - - - - - -
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector - - - - - - - - -
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

(US Dollars / tce)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Heavy Fuel Oil x x x x x x x x x
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
For Industry
Steam Coal 39.80 62.32 53.13 .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal .. 116.18 93.33 x x x x x x
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 70.70 141.87 217.90 x x x x x x
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. 249.15 320.33 .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas x x x x x x x x x

(Norwegian Crowns / unit)(2)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Heavy Fuel Oil x x x x x x x x x
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
For Industry
Steam Coal 200 295 319 .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal .. 550 560 x x x x x x
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 528 998 1943 x x x x x x
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. 3123 3645 .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas x x x x x x x x x
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL*

(Mtce)

1973 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Imports 0.96 1.25 1.20 1.41 0.99 1.01 1.18 1.01 0.89
Hard Coal 0.40 0.74 0.68 0.88 0.63 0.64 0.73 0.64 0.51
Coking Coal .. 0.27 - - - - - - -
Steam Coal .. 0.47 0.68 0.88 0.63 0.64 0.73 0.64 0.51
Brown Coal / Lignite - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 0.56 0.52 0.52 0.53 0.36 0.37 0.44 0.37 0.38

Total Exports 0.13 0.13 0.25 0.55 1.97 2.59 2.63 1.60 2.17
Hard Coal 0.08 0.09 0.24 0.55 1.97 2.59 2.63 1.60 2.17
Coking Coal .. - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal .. 0.09 0.24 0.55 1.97 2.59 2.63 1.60 2.17
Brown Coal / Lignite - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 0.05 0.03 0.00 0.00 - - - 0.00 -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

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9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Hard Coal 450 739 713 919 655 671 766 667 530

Coking Coal 187 272 - - - - - - -

Australia - - - - - - - - -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Poland 125 80 - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States 62 192 - - - - - - -
Other OECD - - - - - - - - -

China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -

Colombia - - - - - - - - -
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - - - - - - - -
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - - - - - - -
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - - -
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - - -

Steam Coal 263 467 713 919 655 671 766 667 530
Australia 2 1 - - - - - - -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - 32 - - - - - -
Germany 55 29 48 64 57 58 83 71 38
Poland 29 155 87 151 190 217 229 159 168
United Kingdom 77 60 181 169 92 87 95 103 21
United States 46 153 151 21 24 8 33 17 -
Other OECD 38 63 99 291 138 87 141 145 140

China, People's Rep. - - 4 36 11 - 10 30 6

Colombia - - 9 102 88 101 105 97 72
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa 16 6 - - - - - - -
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - 97 82 27 113 70 39 76
Other Former USSR (3) - - - 3 28 - - 3 9
Venezuela - - 5 - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - 3 -
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Exports 77 91 254 574 2050 2697 2741 1666 2266

Exports to:
Total OECD 76 90 253 570 2050 2697 2741 1666 2266
Australia - - - - - - - - -
Austria - - - - - - - - -
Belgium - - - - - - - - -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Denmark - - 2 156 494 499 310 245 129
Finland - - - 50 212 63 - - 46
France - - 50 - 97 141 93 111 111
Germany 75 87 87 330 724 1162 1972 994 1693
Greece - - - - 72 272 69 71 73
Hungary - - - - - - - - -
Iceland - - - 7 12 - 7 - 7
Ireland - - - - - - - - -
Italy - - 4 - - - - - -
Japan - - - - - - - - -
Korea - - - - - - - - -
Luxembourg - - - - - - - - -
Mexico - - - - - - - - -
Netherlands - - 46 - 71 73 - - -
New Zealand - - - - - - - - -
Norway - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - 2 77 29 2 1 -
Portugal - - - - 72 284 216 214 143
Slovak Republic - - - - - - - - -
Spain - - - - - - - - -
Sweden - - 3 - 31 29 - - -
Switzerland - - - - - - - - -
Turkey - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom 1 3 61 25 188 145 72 30 -
United States - - - - - - - - 64

Total Non-OECD - - - 4 - - - - -
Brazil - - - - - - - - -
Chinese Taipei - - - - - - - - -
Egypt - - - - - - - - -
Hong Kong, China - - - - - - - - -
India - - - - - - - - -
Israel - - - - - - - - -
Romania - - - - - - - - -
Oth. Africa & Mid. East - - - 2 - - - - -
Other Latin America - - - - - - - - -
Other Asia & Oceania - - - - - - - - -
Other Eastern Europe - - - 2 - - - - -

Non-Specified/Other 1 1 1 - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce) Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)
200 140
180
120
160
140 100

120 80
100
60
80
60 40
40
20
20
0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal/TPES
Coal Oil Gas Nuclear Renewables Coal/Population
Coal/GDP

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

200 160
180
140
160
120
140
120 100

100 80
80
60
60
40
40
20 20

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Production Coal Supply Electricity and Heat Other Transformation
Exports Imports Industry Other Use

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh) Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2)
180 500
160 450

140 400

120 350
300
100
250
80
200
60
150
40
100
20 50
0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal Oil Gas Hydro Nuclear Other Coal Oil Gas Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

TPES (Mtce) 132.97 175.76 142.69 127.75 131.12 132.81 140.75 0.42 -0.48
Coal 106.71 137.11 107.73 80.44 77.42 78.02 82.41 0.06 -2.13
Oil 15.55 24.13 18.95 27.81 31.02 31.63 34.76 1.17 3.47
Gas 8.94 12.53 12.77 14.22 16.97 17.47 17.61 2.12 2.11
Comb. Renew/Waste 1.81 1.74 3.18 5.81 6.57 6.77 7.02 3.37 5.15
Nuclear - - - - - - - - -
Hydro 0.18 0.29 0.17 0.26 0.26 0.27 0.25 -0.16 2.98
Geothermal - - - 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.02 - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.03 - -
Net Electricity trade(1) -0.22 -0.03 -0.13 -0.78 -1.14 -1.37 -1.35 -3.02 17.15
Heat(2) - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries.
(2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

GDP (2000 bil. US$) 103 e 119 e 118 171 192 198 210 0.82 3.50
TPES/GDP(1) 1.29 e 1.48 e 1.21 0.75 0.68 0.67 0.67 -0.40 -3.85
Population (millions) 33.4 35.6 38.1 38.3 38.2 38.2 38.1 0.79 0.01
TPES/population(1) 3.98 4.94 3.74 3.34 3.43 3.48 3.69 -0.37 -0.48
TPES/GDP(2) 173.3 e 197.9 e 161.8 100.0 91.6 89.8 89.7 -0.40 -3.85
Coal Supply/GDP(2) 220.8 e 245.2 e 194.0 100.0 85.9 83.8 83.4 -0.76 -5.44
Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 99.9 e 126.0 e 143.6 100.0 92.1 88.4 .. 2.16 -3.19
Elec. Generation (TWh) 84 121 134 143 153 155 161 2.81 0.97
Industrial Production(2) .. .. 61.0 100.0 124.8 129.9 145.5 - 5.17
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators
(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita.
(2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Average annual
percent change
1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 78-90 90-05

Mtce:
Coking Coal .. .. .. 17.24 16.63 14.21 14.72 - -
Steam Coal 158.69 155.71 115.68 67.30 63.73 65.96 63.46 -2.60 -3.68
Brown Coal 11.02 9.90 19.27 17.32 18.46 18.19 17.95 4.76 -0.38
Peat - - - - - - - - -

Mt:
Coking Coal .. .. .. 17.22 16.53 14.07 14.57 - -
Steam Coal 192.62 193.12 147.74 86.11 84.71 83.83 80.65 -2.19 -3.71
Brown Coal 41.01 36.87 67.58 59.48 61.20 61.64 60.83 4.25 -0.61
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
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4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL*

(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 73-90 90-05
(1)
TFC 86.96 112.05 88.87 83.76 83.91 86.98 87.95 0.13 -0.07
Coal 39.99 44.66 24.84 19.00 15.74 16.28 16.19 -2.76 -2.82
Oil 13.26 19.19 16.36 25.81 26.46 28.51 29.33 1.24 3.97
Gas 7.78 10.94 11.28 11.64 12.98 13.57 14.24 2.21 1.56
Comb. Renew/Wastes 1.16 1.09 2.33 5.55 6.06 6.08 5.91 4.19 6.41
Geothermal - - - 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 7.16 10.45 11.82 11.92 12.11 12.30 12.19 3.00 0.21
Heat 17.62 25.73 22.23 9.84 10.55 10.24 10.08 1.38 -5.14
of which:
Total Industry 37.51 46.02 33.24 25.16 22.90 23.69 22.32 -0.71 -2.62
Coal 13.46 14.24 9.55 10.76 7.51 7.65 6.66 -2.00 -2.38
Oil 2.09 2.98 1.35 2.71 2.68 2.64 2.44 -2.53 4.01
Gas 5.18 6.12 3.77 3.24 3.44 3.86 3.98 -1.85 0.36
Comb. Renew/Wastes 0.24 0.44 0.97 1.41 1.63 1.63 1.54 8.70 3.09
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 4.68 6.40 5.25 4.97 4.94 5.21 5.08 0.68 -0.23
Heat 11.85 15.85 12.34 2.07 2.70 2.71 2.63 0.24 -9.79
Total Transport 13.21 13.62 10.89 14.24 15.02 16.79 18.03 -1.13 3.42
Coal 5.23 2.57 0.25 - - - - -16.42 -
Oil 7.56 10.46 9.97 13.58 14.21 15.95 17.09 1.64 3.66
Gas - - - 0.09 0.18 0.25 0.34 - -
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - - 0.04 0.02 0.07 - -
Electricity 0.43 0.59 0.67 0.57 0.59 0.57 0.54 2.74 -1.44
Residential 19.71 28.82 25.73 24.58 25.40 25.53 26.29 1.58 0.14
Coal 13.14 e 17.58 e 9.46 e 6.10 5.96 6.30 7.12 -1.91 -1.88
Oil 0.18 0.25 0.06 1.30 1.68 1.70 1.55 -6.21 24.26
Gas 0.88 2.06 4.27 4.36 4.36 4.31 4.61 9.73 0.51
Comb. Renew/Wastes 0.81 0.56 1.17 3.24 3.52 3.53 3.44 2.16 7.44
Geothermal - - - 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 0.67 1.32 2.48 2.58 3.05 3.13 3.08 7.98 1.44
Heat 4.03 7.05 8.28 6.99 6.82 6.55 6.48 4.33 -1.62
Comm & Public Services 7.90 10.93 8.01 6.90 8.71 8.63 8.52 0.08 0.41
Coal 6.00 e 7.96 e 4.00 e 0.75 1.01 0.97 0.96 -2.35 -9.10
Oil - - - 0.57 0.84 0.91 0.69 - -
Gas 0.22 0.49 0.48 1.32 2.29 2.37 2.40 4.78 11.30
Comb. Renew/Waste 0.09 0.06 0.03 0.32 0.22 0.22 0.22 -6.26 14.28
Geothermal - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 0.88 1.18 2.37 3.21 3.35 3.21 3.31 6.01 2.26
Heat 0.71 1.24 1.13 0.74 0.99 0.95 0.94 2.76 -1.24
Non-Energy Use 4.62 6.53 6.05 6.15 5.85 6.16 6.42 1.60 0.39
Coal 1.03 0.60 0.27 0.11 0.09 0.15 0.12 -7.66 -4.93
Oil 2.12 3.67 3.04 3.43 3.09 3.28 3.41 2.15 0.77
Gas 1.47 2.26 2.74 2.62 2.67 2.73 2.88 3.75 0.32
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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5. COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

Production 143.9 165.6 134.9 101.9 98.8 98.4 96.1 -0.4 -2.1
Imports 1.2 1.0 0.6 1.5 2.3 3.1 4.7 -4.2 12.0
Exports -38.5 -30.3 -27.6 -24.8 -23.7 -21.6 -21.0 -2.0 -1.6
Stock Changes 0.2 0.8 -0.2 1.9 -0.0 -1.8 2.5 x x
Primary Supply 106.7 137.1 107.7 80.4 77.4 78.0 82.4 0.1 -2.1
Statistical Difference -0.5 -2.7 1.2 0.6 0.6 -1.3 .. x x
Total Transformation -63.3 e -87.0 e -82.1 e -59.6 e -59.3 e -58.5 e .. 1.5 -2.2
Electricity and Heat Gen. -57.0 e -79.1 -76.9 -56.3 -56.7 -56.6 .. 1.8 -2.0
Main activity producers (1) -36.7 e -53.6 -56.3 -53.3 -53.8 -53.8 .. 2.5 -0.3
Autoproducers -20.3 e -25.5 -20.6 -2.9 -2.9 -2.8 .. 0.1 -12.4
Gas Works -2.0 e -1.5 -0.3 - - - .. -10.4 -
(2)
Coal Transformation -4.3 e -6.4 e -4.9 e -3.3 e -2.6 e -1.9 e .. 0.8 -6.2
BKB plants 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - - .. -2.9 -
Blast Furnaces -3.2 e -4.2 e -2.9 e -1.9 e -1.7 e -1.2 e .. -0.5 -5.7
Coke Ovens -1.2 -2.4 -2.0 -1.4 -0.9 -0.7 .. 2.8 -7.0
Patent Fuel plants 0.1 0.1 0.0 - - - .. -23.8 -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - .. - -
Own use -2.8 e -2.7 -2.0 -2.4 -2.3 -2.0 .. -2.1 0.2
Distribution Losses -0.0 e -0.1 -0.0 -0.0 -0.1 -0.0 .. x x
(4)
Final Consumption 40.0 44.7 24.8 19.0 16.3 16.2 .. -2.8 -2.8
(5)
Industry sector 13.5 14.2 9.6 10.8 7.6 6.7 .. -2.0 -2.4
Iron and Steel 2.6 e 3.4 e 2.9 e 3.1 e 2.3 e 1.6 e .. 0.6 -3.7
Chemical 0.7 0.7 0.4 1.8 1.1 1.1 .. -3.7 7.7
Non-metallic minerals 5.2 4.9 3.0 2.1 1.3 1.2 .. -3.2 -6.0
Paper, pulp and print 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.5 0.5 .. -1.0 14.4
Transport sector(6) 5.2 2.6 0.2 - - - .. -16.4 -
(7)
Other Sectors 20.3 27.3 14.8 8.1 8.5 9.4 .. -1.8 -3.0
Comm. and pub. services 6.0 e 8.0 e 4.0 e 0.7 1.0 1.0 .. -2.4 -9.1
Residential 13.1 e 17.6 e 9.5 e 6.1 6.3 7.1 .. -1.9 -1.9
Non-energy Use 1.0 0.6 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.1 .. -7.7 -4.9
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by
* the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

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6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES*

(million tonnes) Average annual
percent change
1978 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 78-90 90-05
Steam Coal 154.18 164.01 119.93 70.04 71.60 70.23 69.28 -2.07 -3.59
Total Electricity and Heat 84.76 92.64 77.55 51.63 52.45 51.86 50.82 -0.74 -2.78
Main activity producers 57.61 64.47 55.18 48.60 48.78 48.97 47.98 -0.36 -0.93
Autoproducers 27.15 28.17 22.38 3.03 3.67 2.89 2.84 -1.60 -12.86
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants 1.64 1.60 0.08 - - - - -22.50 -
Coke Ovens 25.30 25.30 18.21 - - - - -2.70 -
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture 2.66 2.29 0.55 - - - - -12.36 -
Industry sector 9.35 9.82 6.74 9.70 6.25 6.22 5.61 -2.69 -1.21
Iron and Steel 0.11 0.11 0.05 0.79 0.35 0.45 0.26 -6.00 11.59
Chemical 0.36 0.53 0.32 2.17 1.19 1.24 1.23 -0.96 9.48
Non-metallic minerals 5.05 5.01 3.19 2.30 1.29 1.39 1.28 -3.75 -5.92
Paper, Pulp and Print 0.08 0.08 0.07 0.68 0.60 0.59 0.55 -1.35 14.95
Other industry 3.76 4.09 3.11 3.76 2.82 2.55 2.29 -1.55 -2.02
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 25.23 27.31 14.60 8.10 8.14 8.12 8.99 -4.46 -3.18
Non-energy use 0.04 0.04 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.11 0.09 -7.78 12.86
Coking Coal - - - 13.33 13.77 13.68 11.16 - -
Total Electricity and Heat .. .. .. 0.05 0.06 0.08 0.08 - -
Main activity producers .. .. .. 0.00 - - - - -
Autoproducers .. .. .. 0.05 0.06 0.08 0.08 - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens .. .. .. 12.26 13.76 13.59 11.24 - -
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture .. .. .. - - - - - -
Industry sector - - - 0.02 0.00 - - - -
Iron and Steel .. .. .. - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals .. .. .. 0.00 - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry .. .. .. 0.01 0.00 - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) .. .. .. 0.00 - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal/Lignite 37.71 35.31 67.39 59.49 60.87 61.18 61.59 4.96 -0.60
Total Electricity and Heat 36.91 34.15 66.92 59.11 60.41 60.38 61.08 5.08 -0.61
Main activity producers 36.45 33.69 66.46 59.10 60.41 60.37 61.07 5.13 -0.56
Autoproducers 0.46 0.47 0.46 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.05 -33.53
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants 0.26 0.29 0.23 0.04 - - - -0.87 -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture 0.01 0.02 0.02 - - - - 10.42 -
Industry sector 0.08 0.08 0.04 0.05 0.03 0.02 0.01 -4.76 -8.83
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical 0.00 0.00 0.00 - - - - 2.43 -
Non-metallic minerals 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.01 - - - 0.54 -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry 0.06 0.07 0.02 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01 -7.48 -5.07
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - 0.06 0.14 0.19 0.23 0.23 - 9.05
Non-energy use - - 0.00 - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

(US Dollars / tce)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal .. 3.10 15.61 38.69 44.17 49.63 54.77 65.19 70.50
Heavy Fuel Oil .. .. 61.62 80.54 93.65 114.33 124.04 181.87 220.45
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
For Industry
Steam Coal .. .. .. 44.87 46.50 52.51 60.64 71.39 75.69
Coking Coal .. .. .. 38.75 47.49 52.01 95.46 114.57 94.52
High Suplhur Fuel Oil .. .. 61.62 80.59 93.68 114.33 124.04 181.87 220.45
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. 141.46 213.05 264.03
Natural Gas .. 35.19 63.43 103.46 134.62 136.84 139.55 174.75 228.88

(Polish Zlotys / unit)(2)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal .. 0.01 10.82 122.66 131.52 140.74 145.87 153.77 159.57
Heavy Fuel Oil .. .. 81.90 489.70 534.80 621.88 633.56 822.85 957.01
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
For Industry
Steam Coal .. .. .. 167.38 162.93 175.22 190.02 198.17 201.59
Coking Coal .. .. .. 169.55 195.18 203.62 350.90 373.05 295.31
High Suplhur Fuel Oil .. .. 81.90 490.00 535.00 621.88 633.56 822.85 957.01
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. 722.55 963.92 1146.16
Natural Gas .. 0.20 77.47 578.13 706.55 684.05 655.05 726.60 913.15
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL*

(Mtce)

1973 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Imports 1.17 1.01 0.56 1.46 2.54 2.30 2.35 3.08 4.71
Hard Coal 1.17 1.01 0.56 1.44 2.51 2.27 2.13 2.92 4.55
Coking Coal .. .. .. 1.27 0.37 0.40 0.61 0.62 1.36
Steam Coal .. 1.01 0.56 0.17 2.14 1.87 1.53 2.31 3.19
Brown Coal / Lignite - - - - - - - - 0.00
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) - - - 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.22 0.15 0.15

Total Exports 38.55 30.30 27.57 24.76 24.83 23.32 23.73 21.63 20.97
Hard Coal 34.32 28.20 24.02 21.23 20.78 18.28 18.18 16.78 14.55
Coking Coal .. .. .. 5.33 3.55 2.72 3.08 3.19 3.59
Steam Coal .. 28.20 24.02 15.90 17.23 15.56 15.09 13.60 10.95
Brown Coal / Lignite 1.37 0.42 0.06 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 2.85 1.67 3.49 3.53 4.04 5.03 5.55 4.85 6.43
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

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9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Hard Coal 1044 1012 560 1452 2737 2517 2328 3372 5162

Coking Coal - - - 1263 363 401 602 610 1350

Australia - - - - - - - 35 -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - 500 304 400 571 558 1347
Germany - - - - - - 18 17 -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States - - - - - - - - -
Other OECD - - - 1 50 - - - -

China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -

Colombia - - - - - - - - -
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - - - - - - - -
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - 736 5 - 11 - 3
Other Former USSR (3) - - - 26 4 1 1 - -
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - 1 - -

Steam Coal 1044 1012 560 189 2374 2116 1726 2762 3812
Australia - - - 11 - - - - -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - 94 75 99 49 29 99
Germany - - - 6 - - - 4 1
Poland - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States - - - 1 - - - - -
Other OECD - - - 2 14 43 4 4 -

China, People's Rep. - - - - 2 2 2 5 10

Colombia - - - 4 32 - 30 56 80
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - - 7 121 14 - - -
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - 13 1461 1730 1448 2390 3342
Other Former USSR (3) - - - 51 666 227 193 274 280
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other 1044 1012 560 - 3 1 - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Exports - - - 5290 3521 2710 3036 3151 3550

Exports to:
Total OECD .. .. .. 4318 2772 2854 3996 3391 4046
Australia .. .. .. - - - - - -
Austria .. .. .. 599 565 623 629 520 607
Belgium .. .. .. - 61 - 44 - -
Canada .. .. .. - - - - - -
Czech Republic .. .. .. 214 468 411 462 523 915
Denmark .. .. .. - 5 - 20 - -
Finland .. .. .. 717 404 403 354 13 -
France .. .. .. 72 130 145 246 - 70
Germany .. .. .. 131 2 107 48 148 164
Greece .. .. .. - - - - - -
Hungary .. .. .. 266 10 110 81 219 153
Iceland .. .. .. - - - - - -
Ireland .. .. .. - - - - - -
Italy .. .. .. - 65 - - 295 94
Japan .. .. .. - - - - - -
Korea .. .. .. - - - - - -
Luxembourg .. .. .. - - - - - -
Mexico .. .. .. - - - - - -
Netherlands .. .. .. 323 - - - 48 30
New Zealand .. .. .. - - - - - -
Norway .. .. .. 53 113 120 - - -
Poland .. .. .. - - - - - -
Portugal .. .. .. - - - - - -
Slovak Republic .. .. .. 669 254 363 997 622 899
Spain .. .. .. 7 144 - 118 99 142
Sweden .. .. .. 494 11 - - - -
Switzerland .. .. .. - - - - - -
Turkey .. .. .. 100 286 209 - 212 73
United Kingdom .. .. .. 4 - - - - -
United States .. .. .. - - - - 70 -

Total Non-OECD .. .. .. 1642 1003 219 37 382 403

Brazil .. .. .. 143 253 - - - 70
Chinese Taipei .. .. .. - - - - - -
Egypt .. .. .. 529 629 214 37 355 298
Hong Kong, China .. .. .. - - - - - -
India .. .. .. - - - - - -
Israel .. .. .. - 118 - - - -
Romania .. .. .. 62 - - - - -
Oth. Africa & Mid. East .. .. .. 2 - - - - -
Other Latin America .. .. .. 2 - 1 - - -
Other Asia & Oceania .. .. .. - - - - - -
Other Eastern Europe .. .. .. 903 3 4 - 27 35

Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Exports 40106 31085 28065 17955 19102 17409 16648 16218 13067
Exports to:
Total OECD .. .. .. 17403 18018 16005 16313 15986 13227
Australia .. .. .. - - - - - -
Austria .. .. .. 1213 1646 1477 1512 1187 1285
Belgium .. .. .. 375 418 1 456 649 291
Canada .. .. .. - - - - - -
Czech Republic .. .. .. 863 733 749 781 717 934
Denmark .. .. .. 2214 2125 848 1071 837 516
Finland .. .. .. 1175 1291 1622 1265 653 513
France .. .. .. 1336 945 1498 572 1230 692
Germany .. .. .. 6396 7067 6727 7213 6906 6256
Greece .. .. .. 1 - - - - -
Hungary .. .. .. 279 190 257 258 240 215
Iceland .. .. .. - - 6 9 9 19
Ireland .. .. .. 196 320 255 266 286 235
Italy .. .. .. 913 537 2 95 245 155
Japan .. .. .. - - - - - -
Korea .. .. .. - - - - - -
Luxembourg .. .. .. - - - - - -
Mexico .. .. .. - - - - - -
Netherlands .. .. .. 208 1 2 191 222 218
New Zealand .. .. .. - - - - - -
Norway .. .. .. 88 63 54 183 142 160
Poland .. .. .. - - - - - -
Portugal .. .. .. 5 345 - - 223 1
Slovak Republic .. .. .. 286 289 299 294 250 201
Spain .. .. .. 382 111 35 45 41 37
Sweden .. .. .. 146 324 579 322 172 283
Switzerland .. .. .. - 1 - - - -
Turkey .. .. .. - - 40 19 66 -
United Kingdom .. .. .. 1040 1287 1255 1399 1614 1015
United States .. .. .. 1 36 - 68 47 -

Total Non-OECD .. .. .. 872 1407 1732 699 526 80

Brazil .. .. .. - - - - - -
Chinese Taipei .. .. .. - - - - - -
Egypt .. .. .. - - - - - -
Hong Kong, China .. .. .. - - - - - -
India .. .. .. - - - 45 - -
Israel .. .. .. - - - - - -
Romania .. .. .. - - - - - -
Oth. Africa & Mid. East .. .. .. 3 371 369 501 436 -
Other Latin America .. .. .. 16 2 1 - - -
Other Asia & Oceania .. .. .. 3 - - - - -
Other Eastern Europe .. .. .. 816 998 1333 82 46 41

Non-Specified/Other 40106 31085 28065 - 2 - 1 - -

Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce) Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)
40 500

35 450
400
30
350
25 300

20 250
200
15
150
10
100
5 50

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal/TPES
Coal Oil Gas Nuclear Renewables Coal/Population
Coal/GDP

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

6 6

5 5

4 4

3 3

2 2

1 1

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Production Coal Supply Electricity and Heat Other Transformation
Exports Imports Industry Other Use

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh) Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2)
50 70
45
60
40
35 50
30
40
25
20 30

15 20
10
10
5
0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal Oil Gas Hydro Nuclear Other Coal Oil Gas Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

TPES (Mtce) 10.33 14.70 25.35 36.13 37.93 38.81 36.61 5.42 2.88
Coal 0.72 0.61 3.94 5.44 4.82 4.78 4.78 10.47 1.30
Oil 7.79 11.86 16.73 22.18 22.02 22.71 19.81 4.60 2.06
Gas - - - 2.90 4.72 5.36 5.20 - -
Comb. Renew/Waste 0.91 1.03 3.54 3.96 4.12 4.19 4.31 8.30 1.14
Nuclear - - - - - - - - -
Hydro 0.90 0.98 1.13 1.39 1.21 0.58 1.35 1.32 -4.31
Geothermal - 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.11 0.09 0.10 - 22.31
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.02 0.05 0.13 0.25 0.39 - 20.19
Net Electricity trade(1) -0.00 0.22 0.00 0.11 0.80 0.84 0.67 - 41.60
Heat(2) - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries.
(2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

GDP (2000 bil. US$) 50 62 85 113 116 116 119 3.20 2.13
TPES/GDP(1) 0.21 0.24 0.30 0.32 0.33 0.33 0.31 2.15 0.73
Population (millions) 8.7 9.9 10.0 10.2 10.5 10.5 10.6 0.81 0.36
TPES/population(1) 1.18 1.49 2.54 3.53 3.61 3.68 3.47 4.58 2.51
TPES/GDP(2) 64.9 74.5 93.3 100.0 102.1 104.0 96.3 2.15 0.73
Coal Supply/GDP(2) 30.3 20.4 96.3 100.0 86.2 85.2 83.5 7.05 -0.81
Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 48.4 68.4 81.6 100.0 113.2 116.9 .. 3.12 2.43
Elec. Generation (TWh) 10 15 28 43 45 46 49 6.45 3.31
Industrial Production(2) 39.7 54.7 87.2 100.0 100.0 100.3 103.1 4.74 0.94
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators
(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita.
(2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Average annual
percent change
1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 78-90 90-05

Mtce:
Coking Coal - - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal 0.11 0.10 0.16 - - - - 3.78 -
Brown Coal - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -

Mt:
Coking Coal - - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal 0.18 0.18 0.28 - - - - 3.78 -
Brown Coal - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
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4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL*

(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 73-90 90-05
(1)
TFC 8.73 11.86 20.01 28.90 29.80 30.48 30.54 5.00 2.86
Coal 0.27 0.29 0.85 0.62 0.20 0.12 0.02 6.90 -21.56
Oil 6.56 8.80 12.81 18.71 18.70 19.10 18.88 4.02 2.62
Gas 0.07 0.07 0.07 1.19 1.72 1.83 1.87 0.46 23.94
Comb. Renew/Wastes 0.83 0.91 3.32 3.45 3.53 3.54 3.58 8.52 0.49
Geothermal - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 - 4.90
Electricity 1.00 1.76 2.89 4.71 5.30 5.49 5.69 6.42 4.61
Heat - 0.03 0.04 0.19 0.32 0.37 0.47 - 17.71
of which:
Total Industry 3.33 4.78 6.68 8.95 8.38 8.23 8.12 4.17 1.31
Coal 0.20 0.28 0.85 0.62 0.20 0.12 0.02 9.01 -21.55
Oil 2.05 3.02 2.61 3.44 2.61 2.43 2.25 1.43 -0.97
Gas 0.00 0.00 - 0.94 1.31 1.35 1.37 - -
Comb. Renew/Wastes 0.46 0.44 1.68 1.81 1.89 1.89 1.92 7.97 0.87
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 0.63 1.01 1.50 1.96 2.07 2.10 2.11 5.26 2.29
Heat - 0.03 0.04 0.18 0.30 0.35 0.45 - 17.40
Total Transport 2.78 3.74 5.46 9.53 10.37 10.65 10.28 4.05 4.31
Coal 0.03 0.00 - - - - - - -
Oil 2.73 3.70 5.42 9.49 10.30 10.58 10.21 4.13 4.31
Gas - - - 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.02 - -
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.06 2.09 2.84
Residential 1.17 1.49 3.29 4.03 4.48 4.60 4.61 6.28 2.27
Coal 0.05 0.00 0.00 - - - - -21.02 -
Oil 0.51 0.58 0.85 0.99 1.13 1.12 1.00 3.08 1.08
Gas 0.03 0.03 0.06 0.14 0.23 0.26 0.29 3.75 11.07
Comb. Renew/Wastes 0.37 0.47 1.64 1.64 1.64 1.65 1.66 9.13 0.08
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 - 9.21
Electricity 0.21 0.40 0.73 1.24 1.45 1.53 1.63 7.73 5.51
Heat - - - 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 - -
Comm & Public Services 0.36 0.63 0.86 2.00 2.64 2.67 3.16 5.23 9.05
Coal - 0.01 0.00 - - - - - -
Oil 0.21 0.30 0.24 0.49 0.83 0.76 1.17 0.95 11.11
Gas 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.10 0.17 0.20 0.19 -0.70 18.37
Comb. Renew/Waste - - - - - - - - -
Geothermal - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 - 1.31
Electricity 0.14 0.31 0.59 1.39 1.62 1.68 1.77 8.92 7.56
Heat - - - 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 - -
Non-Energy Use 0.54 0.75 3.05 3.36 3.28 3.48 3.54 10.70 1.00
Coal - - - - - - - - -
Oil 0.54 0.75 3.05 3.36 3.28 3.48 3.54 10.70 1.00
Gas - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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5. COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

Production 0.2 0.1 0.2 - - - - -0.8 -

Imports 0.4 0.5 4.3 5.7 4.6 4.6 5.0 14.9 0.5
Exports -0.0 - -0.0 -0.1 - - -0.0 -2.2 -
Stock Changes 0.1 0.0 -0.5 -0.2 0.2 0.2 -0.3 x x
Primary Supply 0.7 0.6 3.9 5.4 4.8 4.8 4.8 10.5 1.3
Statistical Difference 0.1 0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.1 -0.0 .. x x
Total Transformation -0.5 e -0.3 e -3.0 e -4.8 e -4.6 -4.7 .. 11.7 3.0
Electricity and Heat Gen. -0.3 -0.1 -2.9 -4.6 -4.6 -4.7 .. 14.1 3.3
Main activity producers (1) -0.3 -0.1 -2.9 -4.6 -4.6 -4.7 .. 14.1 3.3
Autoproducers - -0.0 -0.0 -0.1 - - .. - -
Gas Works - - - - - - .. - -
(2)
Coal Transformation -0.2 e -0.1 e -0.1 e -0.1 e - - .. -1.5 -
BKB plants - - - - - - .. - -
Blast Furnaces -0.1 e -0.1 e -0.1 e -0.1 e - - .. -2.4 -
Coke Ovens -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 - - .. -0.1 -
Patent Fuel plants 0.0 - - - - - .. - -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - .. - -
Own use -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 - - .. 0.5 -
Distribution Losses -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 - - .. x x
(4)
Final Consumption 0.3 0.3 0.8 0.6 0.1 0.0 .. 6.9 -21.6
(5)
Industry sector 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.6 0.1 0.0 .. 9.0 -21.6
Iron and Steel 0.1 e 0.2 e 0.1 e 0.1 e - - .. 1.0 -
Chemical - 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. - 2.8
Non-metallic minerals 0.0 0.0 0.7 0.4 0.1 - .. 26.6 -
Paper, pulp and print - - - - - - .. - -
Transport sector(6) 0.0 0.0 - - - - .. - -
(7)
Other Sectors 0.1 0.0 0.0 - - - .. -17.7 -
Comm. and pub. services - 0.0 0.0 - - - .. - -
Residential 0.1 0.0 0.0 - - - .. -21.0 -
Non-energy Use - - - - - - .. - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by
* the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

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6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES*

(million tonnes) Average annual
percent change
1978 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 78-90 90-05
Steam Coal 0.21 0.24 4.08 5.66 5.36 5.51 5.48 28.21 1.97
Total Electricity and Heat 0.17 0.21 3.26 5.17 5.14 5.29 5.44 27.90 3.47
Main activity producers 0.17 0.21 3.26 5.17 5.14 5.29 5.44 27.90 3.47
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector 0.04 0.03 0.82 0.48 0.22 0.13 0.02 29.73 -23.07
Iron and Steel 0.01 0.00 - - - - - - -
Chemical 0.00 0.00 0.01 - 0.01 0.01 0.02 6.99 3.91
Non-metallic minerals 0.03 0.02 0.81 0.48 0.20 0.12 - 32.70 -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - 0.00 0.00 - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - 0.00 - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Coking Coal 0.42 0.36 0.31 0.50 - - - -2.48 -
Total Electricity and Heat 0.00 - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers 0.00 - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens 0.34 0.31 0.31 0.49 - - - -0.59 -
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector 0.06 0.06 - - - - - - -
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry 0.06 0.06 - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 0.01 0.01 - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal/Lignite - - - - - - - - -
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector - - - - - - - - -
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

(US Dollars / tce)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal 31.26 44.39 58.90 34.67 37.06 44.00 65.92 77.51 66.84
Heavy Fuel Oil 48.18 94.94 76.31 108.41 104.45 132.25 134.54 158.83 226.75
Natural Gas x x x .. .. 150.96 188.25 226.98 276.16
For Industry
Steam Coal .. .. .. 37.98 39.74 47.00 .. .. ..
Coking Coal 175.90 243.16 52.51 31.67 32.64 38.73 .. .. ..
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 54.80 102.26 131.62 161.36 162.72 x x x x
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. 170.14 169.81 209.61 216.14 282.61 363.20
Natural Gas x x x .. 185.22 223.72 222.29 264.71 310.31

(Euro / unit)(2)
For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal 5.97 9.64 36.47 32.81 34.29 33.96 46.28 54.42 46.46
Heavy Fuel Oil 14.47 32.42 74.30 161.32 151.98 160.51 148.53 175.35 247.84
Natural Gas x x x .. .. 171.77 194.84 234.93 282.98
For Industry
Steam Coal .. .. .. 35.94 36.77 36.28 .. .. ..
Coking Coal 38.51 60.53 37.27 34.35 34.62 34.27 .. .. ..
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 16.46 34.92 128.16 240.10 236.77 x x x x
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. 253.17 247.09 254.41 238.62 312.00 396.99
Natural Gas x x x .. 252.67 254.56 230.07 273.98 317.98
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL*

(Mtce)

1973 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Imports 0.41 0.50 4.28 5.67 4.96 4.67 4.59 4.61 5.05
Hard Coal 0.37 0.40 4.27 5.67 4.94 4.66 4.58 4.60 5.05
Coking Coal .. 0.39 0.38 0.49 - - - - -
Steam Coal .. 0.01 3.89 5.18 4.94 4.66 4.58 4.60 5.05
Brown Coal / Lignite - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 0.04 0.10 0.01 - 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 -

Total Exports 0.02 - 0.01 0.08 - - - - 0.01

Hard Coal - - - - - - - - 0.01
Coking Coal .. - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal .. - - - - - - - 0.01
Brown Coal / Lignite - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 0.02 - 0.01 0.08 - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

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9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Hard Coal 412 398 4669 6367 5667 5344 5247 5272 5782

Coking Coal 404 393 377 487 - - - - -

Australia - - - - - - - - -
Canada - - 162 289 - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany 8 1 - - - - - - -
Poland 122 120 40 - - - - - -
United Kingdom 3 - 20 - - - - - -
United States 257 255 155 198 - - - - -
Other OECD - 10 - - - - - - -

China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -

Colombia - - - - - - - - -
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - - - - - - - -
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - - - - - - -
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - - -
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other 14 7 - - - - - - -

Steam Coal 8 5 4292 5880 5667 5344 5247 5272 5782

Australia - - - - 838 668 129 - -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany 3 - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - 335 - - 222 -
United Kingdom - 2 177 - - 73 - - -
United States - - 1555 343 114 354 467 378 202
Other OECD - - 4 19 72 225 306 228 165

China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -

Colombia - - 390 2846 1583 1945 2817 2314 2610
Indonesia - - - 156 605 - 159 144 473
South Africa 5 3 2112 2426 2120 2079 1369 1985 2310
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - 54 90 - - - - 22
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - 1 -
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.261

Portugal

12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN*

(Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne)

1988 1990 1995 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Coking Coal(1) 52.73 75.65 55.35 47.93 156.88 185.30 241.41 231.71 105.53
Imports from:
Australia 50.20 .. 51.91 .. .. .. .. .. ..
Canada 51.91 73.86 56.95 47.81 .. .. .. .. ..
Czech Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Poland 58.18 57.60 57.64 .. .. .. .. .. ..
United States 56.59 63.00 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
China .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Colombia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
South Africa .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Former USSR(2) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

Steam Coal(3) 49.75 54.62 44.77 38.78 34.79 37.74 59.36 64.49 58.25
Imports from:
Australia 49.03 .. 44.95 38.28 35.46 40.29 60.28 .. ..
Canada .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Czech Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Poland .. .. 39.36 .. 39.19 40.36 .. 61.53 ..
United States 56.62 59.44 47.42 41.77 41.69 42.98 60.84 62.53 68.83
China .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Colombia 40.26 54.07 42.91 36.64 34.65 37.09 63.88 64.93 58.48
South Africa 43.76 49.05 44.07 39.59 33.67 36.55 55.05 63.24 56.56
Former USSR(2) .. 45.19 42.86 39.24 .. .. .. .. ..
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.
(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade.
(2) Former USSR until 1991, Russia starting in 1992.
(3) Bituminous steam coal only. Weighted average of individual countries using volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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Slovak Republic*
Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce) Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)
35 120

30 100

25
80
20
60
15
40
10
20
5

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal/TPES
Coal Oil Gas Nuclear Renewables Coal/Population
Coal/GDP

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

14 14

12 12

10 10

8 8

6 6

4 4

2 2

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Production Coal Supply Electricity and Heat Other Transformation
Exports Imports Industry Other Use

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh) Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2)
35 70

30 60

25 50

20 40

15 30

10 20

5 10

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal Oil Gas Hydro Nuclear Other Coal Oil Gas Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.263

Slovak Republic

1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

TPES (Mtce) 22.14 29.89 30.45 25.34 26.19 26.90 26.60 1.89 -0.82
Coal 11.37 11.71 11.17 6.10 6.46 6.06 6.14 -0.11 -4.00
Oil 7.67 10.67 6.42 4.02 4.59 4.94 5.01 -1.04 -1.73
Gas 2.23 4.89 7.27 8.25 7.85 8.40 7.69 7.20 0.97
Comb. Renew/Waste 0.27 0.26 0.25 0.59 0.58 0.65 0.71 -0.47 6.56
Nuclear 0.09 1.68 4.48 6.14 6.42 6.68 6.78 26.15 2.69
Hydro 0.16 0.28 0.23 0.57 0.50 0.57 0.54 2.09 6.20
Geothermal - - - - 0.01 0.01 0.02 - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -
Net Electricity trade(1) 0.35 0.41 0.64 -0.33 -0.23 -0.40 -0.29 3.62 -
Heat(2) - - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries.
(2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

GDP (2000 bil. US$) 14 e 16 e 19 e 20 24 26 28 1.89 2.12

TPES/GDP(1) 1.63 e 1.85 e 1.63 e 1.24 1.09 1.05 0.96 0.01 -2.88
Population (millions) 4.6 5.0 5.3 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 0.78 0.11
TPES/population(1) 4.77 6.00 5.75 4.69 4.87 4.99 4.94 1.10 -0.93
TPES/GDP(2) 131.3 e 149.4 e 131.4 e 100.0 87.6 84.8 77.5 0.01 -2.88
Coal Supply/GDP(2) 280.1 e 243.1 e 200.2 e 100.0 89.7 79.3 74.3 -1.96 -5.99
Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 84.0 e 109.5 e 116.3 e 100.0 92.5 82.9 .. 1.93 -2.23
Elec. Generation (TWh) 12 20 25 31 30 31 31 4.38 1.39
Industrial Production(2) .. .. 107.9 100.0 124.2 129.0 141.7 - 1.20
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators
(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita.
(2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Average annual
percent change
1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 78-90 90-05

Mtce:
Coking Coal - - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal 2.43 2.42 1.99 1.45 1.17 0.91 0.80 -1.62 -5.10
Peat - - - - - - - - -

Mt:
Coking Coal - - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal 5.80 5.80 4.77 3.65 2.95 2.51 2.20 -1.63 -4.18
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
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Slovak Republic

4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL*

(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 73-90 90-05
(1)
TFC 15.57 20.58 22.57 16.00 16.36 16.23 16.85 2.21 -1.93
Coal 5.49 5.80 5.87 2.02 1.78 1.92 1.63 0.39 -8.20
Oil 5.53 7.26 7.06 4.41 4.29 4.22 4.40 1.44 -3.10
Gas 2.01 4.28 5.59 5.95 5.56 5.22 6.16 6.22 0.65
Comb. Renew/Wastes 0.27 0.26 0.25 0.03 0.44 0.48 0.49 -0.47 4.64
Geothermal - - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 1.51 2.34 2.88 2.70 2.82 2.95 2.81 3.85 -0.16
Heat 0.75 0.64 0.93 0.88 1.47 1.43 1.36 1.22 2.59
of which:
Total Industry 8.07 10.41 8.71 4.77 5.36 5.06 5.18 0.45 -3.40
Coal 3.80 2.46 2.71 1.60 1.56 1.54 1.46 -1.96 -4.04
Oil 2.08 4.05 1.98 0.32 0.50 0.43 0.45 -0.28 -9.45
Gas 0.88 2.03 1.90 1.60 1.44 1.22 1.38 4.67 -2.10
Comb. Renew/Wastes 0.27 0.26 0.25 0.03 0.39 0.42 0.42 -0.47 3.57
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 1.02 1.58 1.84 1.20 1.26 1.32 1.36 3.53 -2.03
Heat 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.22 0.14 0.12 -0.84 10.83
Total Transport 2.43 1.88 2.10 2.12 3.00 3.16 3.46 -0.87 3.38
Coal - - - - - - - - -
Oil 2.36 1.76 1.96 2.00 2.24 2.22 2.51 -1.09 1.68
Gas - - - - 0.67 0.86 0.86 - -
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - - 0.00 0.00 0.01 - -
Electricity 0.08 0.12 0.14 0.12 0.09 0.09 0.07 3.65 -4.63
Residential 1.04 1.73 3.21 3.69 4.06 3.81 3.63 6.88 0.82
Coal - 0.29 0.62 0.08 0.12 0.15 0.07 - -13.41
Oil 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 4.98 -9.64
Gas 0.30 0.67 1.56 2.35 2.30 2.12 2.02 10.10 1.76
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - 0.00 e 0.03 0.04 0.05 - -
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 0.19 0.29 0.45 0.67 0.62 0.59 0.58 5.24 1.65
Heat 0.52 0.44 0.53 0.58 e 0.98 0.89 0.89 0.07 3.60
Comm & Public Services 0.77 4.76 5.23 3.14 1.86 2.06 2.50 11.89 -4.79
Coal - 2.65 2.36 0.27 0.05 0.18 0.04 - -23.38
Oil - 0.42 0.34 0.02 0.08 0.10 0.07 - -9.86
Gas 0.47 1.35 1.90 1.94 0.67 0.46 1.29 8.53 -2.55
Comb. Renew/Waste - - - 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 - -
Geothermal - - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 0.13 0.20 0.30 0.65 0.80 0.90 0.76 5.04 6.44
Heat 0.17 0.15 0.33 0.26 e 0.26 0.39 0.34 3.86 0.20
Non-Energy Use 0.71 0.16 2.30 1.97 1.85 1.90 1.84 7.21 -1.48
Coal - 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 - 0.74
Oil 0.40 0.12 2.26 1.93 1.35 1.34 1.24 10.64 -3.92
Gas 0.30 - - - 0.44 0.51 0.55 - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.265

Slovak Republic

5. COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

Production 2.4 2.4 2.0 1.5 1.2 0.9 0.8 -1.1 -5.1
Imports 8.9 9.0 8.9 5.0 5.4 5.6 5.5 -0.1 -3.0
Exports - -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.2 - 3.2
Stock Changes - 0.3 0.5 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 0.0 x x
Primary Supply 11.4 11.7 11.2 6.1 6.5 6.1 6.1 -0.1 -4.0
Statistical Difference -1.9 -0.1 - 0.0 0.0 -0.0 .. x x
Total Transformation -4.0 e -5.2 e -4.6 e -3.6 e -4.0 e -3.8 e .. 0.9 -1.3
Electricity and Heat Gen. -2.7 -4.1 -3.4 -2.4 -2.6 -2.5 .. 1.2 -2.0
Main activity producers (1) -2.7 -3.5 -2.9 -2.1 -2.4 -2.2 .. 0.3 -1.7
Autoproducers - -0.6 -0.5 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 .. - -3.6
Gas Works - - - - - - .. - -
(2)
Coal Transformation -1.3 e -1.0 e -1.3 e -1.2 e -1.4 e -1.3 e .. 0.1 0.1
BKB plants - - - - - - .. - -
Blast Furnaces -0.6 e -1.0 e -1.2 e -1.0 e -1.2 e -1.3 e .. 4.4 0.3
Coke Ovens -0.7 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.2 -0.0 .. -13.0 -3.4
Patent Fuel plants - - - - - - .. - -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - .. - -
Own use - -0.6 -0.6 -0.4 -0.5 -0.5 .. - -1.0
Distribution Losses -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.1 .. x x
(4)
Final Consumption 5.5 5.8 5.9 2.0 1.9 1.6 .. 0.4 -8.2
(5)
Industry sector 3.8 2.5 2.7 1.6 1.5 1.5 .. -2.0 -4.0
Iron and Steel 1.5 e 1.0 e 1.4 e 1.0 e 1.1 e 1.0 e .. -0.4 -2.0
Chemical - 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 .. - -15.7
Non-metallic minerals - 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 .. - -0.2
Paper, pulp and print - 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 .. - -3.8
Transport sector(6) - - - - - - .. - -
(7)
Other Sectors 1.7 3.3 3.1 0.4 0.3 0.1 .. 3.6 -19.6
Comm. and pub. services - 2.7 2.4 0.3 0.2 0.0 .. - -23.4
Residential - 0.3 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.1 .. - -13.4
Non-energy Use - 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 .. - 0.7
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by
* the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

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III.266 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Slovak Republic

6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES*

(million tonnes) Average annual
percent change
1978 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 78-90 90-05
Steam Coal 3.97 3.04 2.74 2.06 2.26 2.30 2.25 -3.04 -1.33
Total Electricity and Heat 2.21 2.03 1.98 1.33 1.55 1.60 1.54 -0.91 -1.65
Main activity producers 2.21 1.77 1.68 1.12 1.36 1.41 1.33 -2.25 -1.55
Autoproducers - 0.26 0.30 0.21 0.19 0.19 0.21 - -2.21
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector 1.24 0.84 0.65 0.68 0.72 0.66 0.70 -5.27 0.57
Iron and Steel - 0.58 0.39 0.36 0.45 0.44 0.46 - 1.11
Chemical - 0.00 0.01 - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - 0.13 0.12 0.20 0.19 0.15 0.17 - 2.29
Paper, Pulp and Print - 0.02 0.03 0.11 0.06 0.06 0.06 - 4.96
Other industry 1.24 0.11 0.10 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.01 -19.12 -13.01
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - 0.17 0.10 0.05 - 0.03 0.00 - -26.44
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Coking Coal 2.18 2.34 3.14 2.60 2.83 2.85 2.74 3.08 -0.90
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens 2.15 2.05 2.92 2.21 2.42 2.44 2.35 2.56 -1.43
Blast Furnaces Inputs - 0.29 0.18 0.35 0.38 0.39 0.38 - 5.13
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector 0.03 - 0.04 0.04 0.02 0.03 0.01 3.54 -8.40
Iron and Steel - - 0.04 0.04 0.02 0.03 0.01 - -8.40
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry 0.03 - - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal/Lignite 13.36 16.04 12.48 4.21 3.96 3.59 3.31 -0.57 -8.47
Total Electricity and Heat 3.98 5.59 3.74 3.03 3.40 2.75 2.86 -0.52 -1.78
Main activity producers 3.98 4.83 3.43 2.89 3.29 2.72 2.83 -1.23 -1.27
Autoproducers - 0.76 0.31 0.14 0.11 0.03 0.03 - -15.21
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector 3.82 3.28 2.41 0.60 0.23 0.21 0.20 -3.77 -15.35
Iron and Steel - 0.27 0.19 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -29.44
Chemical - 0.87 0.61 0.30 0.00 0.04 0.05 - -15.86
Non-metallic minerals - 0.13 0.09 0.01 0.00 0.00 - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - 0.44 0.41 0.17 0.19 0.15 0.13 - -7.30
Other industry 3.82 1.57 1.11 0.11 0.04 0.02 0.02 -9.77 -23.26
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - 6.55 5.99 0.54 0.31 0.60 0.23 - -19.46
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.267

Slovak Republic

7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

(US Dollars / tce)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal 4.30 4.82 8.62 .. .. .. .. .. ..
Heavy Fuel Oil 51.12 51.59 88.05 .. x x x x x
Natural Gas 44.83 53.20 77.02 78.90 102.52 171.55 189.00 223.54 294.68
For Industry
Steam Coal 7.88 8.51 15.25 .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal 27.50 28.31 56.57 .. .. .. .. .. ..
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 51.12 51.59 88.05 .. x x x x x
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil x x x .. 93.97 125.85 147.41 162.57 217.55
Natural Gas 44.83 53.20 77.02 78.90 103.29 171.55 189.00 223.54 294.68

(Slovak Crowns / unit)(2)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal 54 60 135 .. .. .. .. .. ..
Heavy Fuel Oil 1020 1020 2190 .. x x x x x
Natural Gas 830 976 1778 4690 5971 8108 7832 8921 11235
For Industry
Steam Coal 99 106 239 .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal 397 405 1018 .. .. .. .. .. ..
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 1020 1020 2190 .. x x x x x
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil x x x .. 5898 6410 6583 6992 8939
Natural Gas 830 976 1778 4690 6016 8108 7832 8921 11235
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL*

(Mtce)

1973 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Imports 8.95 9.03 8.85 4.95 4.86 5.32 5.42 5.57 5.55
Hard Coal 4.76 4.42 5.30 4.50 4.38 4.65 4.86 4.97 4.62
Coking Coal .. 2.22 2.97 2.58 2.76 2.82 2.83 2.74 2.85
Steam Coal .. 2.20 2.33 1.92 1.62 1.83 2.02 2.23 1.77
Brown Coal / Lignite 2.91 4.22 2.96 0.31 0.32 0.37 0.29 0.33 0.41
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 1.28 0.39 0.60 0.14 0.16 0.30 0.28 0.26 0.51

Total Exports - 0.07 0.13 0.06 0.16 0.10 0.05 0.21 0.22
Hard Coal - - - - - - - - -
Coking Coal .. - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal .. - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal / Lignite - 0.06 0.13 0.00 0.00 - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) - 0.01 - 0.06 0.16 0.10 0.05 0.21 0.22
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

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III.268 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Slovak Republic

9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Hard Coal 6151 5030 5866 4851 4629 4945 5183 5263 4865

Coking Coal 2180 2330 3132 2596 2781 2828 2847 2732 2847
Australia - - - - - - - - -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - 901 e 1371 e 1967 1671 1586 1782
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - 669 e 254 e 384 967 579 797
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States - - - - - - 60 290 206
Other OECD - - - - - - - - -

China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -

Colombia - - - - - - - - -
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - - - - - - - -
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - 1026 e 1156 e 477 149 180 55
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - 97 7
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other 2180 2330 3132 - - - - - -

Steam Coal 3971 2700 2734 2255 1848 2117 2336 2531 2018
Australia - - - - - - - - -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - 931 e 777 e 229 233 22 286
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - 286 e 289 e 243 247 227 319
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States - - - - - - - - 1
Other OECD - - - - - - - 2 -

China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -

Colombia - - - - - - - - -
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - - - - - - - 17
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - 579 e 474 e 1253 1319 1968 1349
Other Former USSR (3) - - - 459 e 308 e 386 537 163 46
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other 3971 2700 2734 - - 6 - 149 -
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce) Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)
250 250

200 200

150 150

100 100

50 50

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal/TPES
Coal Oil Gas Nuclear Renewables Coal/Population
Coal/GDP

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

35 35

30 30

25 25

20 20

15 15

10 10

5 5

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Production Coal Supply Electricity and Heat Other Transformation
Exports Imports Industry Other Use

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh) Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2)
350 400

300 350

250 300

250
200
200
150
150
100
100
50 50

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal Oil Gas Hydro Nuclear Other Coal Oil Gas Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

TPES (Mtce) 74.84 97.97 130.10 178.14 203.34 207.42 206.98 3.31 3.16
Coal 12.90 17.75 27.56 29.88 30.03 29.27 25.54 4.57 0.40
Oil 54.83 72.36 66.36 92.64 101.10 101.83 101.41 1.13 2.90
Gas 1.35 2.08 7.10 21.74 35.95 42.62 44.30 10.27 12.69
Comb. Renew/Waste 0.02 0.38 5.81 5.90 7.06 7.33 7.68 40.22 1.56
Nuclear 2.44 1.93 20.20 23.16 23.68 21.42 22.38 13.25 0.39
Hydro 3.55 3.63 3.12 3.63 e 3.88 2.40 3.14 -0.76 -1.73
Geothermal - - - 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.00 0.63 2.01 2.71 e 2.92 - 59.51
Net Electricity trade(1) -0.25 -0.17 -0.05 0.55 -0.37 -0.16 -0.40 -8.81 8.06
Heat(2) - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries.
(2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

GDP (2000 bil. US$) 282 330 441 581 658 681 707 2.66 2.94
TPES/GDP(1) 0.27 0.30 0.30 0.31 0.31 0.30 0.29 0.63 0.21
Population (millions) 35.0 37.7 39.0 40.3 42.7 43.4 44.0 0.65 0.71
TPES/population(1) 2.14 2.60 3.33 4.42 4.76 4.78 4.71 2.64 2.43
TPES/GDP(2) 86.5 96.8 96.2 100.0 100.8 99.3 95.4 0.63 0.21
Coal Supply/GDP(2) 88.9 104.6 121.5 100.0 88.7 83.5 70.2 1.86 -2.47
Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 64.5 83.8 88.0 100.0 108.1 109.6 .. 1.84 1.48
Elec. Generation (TWh) 76 109 151 222 277 291 299 4.15 4.45
Industrial Production(2) 56.9 67.1 80.9 100.0 101.6 102.3 106.3 2.09 1.58
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators
(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita.
(2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Average annual
percent change
1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 78-90 90-05

Mtce:
Coking Coal 1.87 1.38 0.28 - - - - -14.69 -
Steam Coal 6.71 8.05 10.30 7.73 5.97 5.89 5.76 3.64 -3.66
Brown Coal 2.53 4.60 6.20 3.65 3.25 3.06 2.84 7.76 -4.60
Peat - - - - - - - - -

Mt:
Coking Coal 1.80 1.33 0.28 - - - - -14.39 -
Steam Coal 9.59 11.51 14.33 11.32 8.91 8.55 8.35 3.41 -3.39
Brown Coal 8.26 15.45 21.07 12.15 11.58 10.93 10.04 8.12 -4.28
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
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4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL*

(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 73-90 90-05
(1)
TFC 56.95 70.82 89.28 127.26 142.48 147.86 151.70 2.68 3.60
Coal 5.65 3.54 4.64 1.80 2.26 2.30 2.07 -1.15 -5.22
Oil 43.05 54.50 57.01 79.67 85.62 87.81 88.47 1.67 2.97
Gas 1.00 1.51 6.58 17.68 22.60 24.06 25.96 11.69 9.59
Comb. Renew/Wastes - 0.24 5.60 4.90 5.15 5.26 5.34 - -0.32
Geothermal - - - 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.09 - -
Electricity 7.25 11.03 15.46 23.15 26.77 28.34 29.76 4.55 4.46
Heat - - 0.00 - - - - - -
of which:
Total Industry 24.72 27.03 27.69 35.27 41.15 42.29 43.49 0.67 3.06
Coal 5.18 3.16 4.21 1.71 2.15 2.06 1.80 -1.22 -5.49
Oil 14.30 16.13 8.21 8.11 8.65 8.18 7.85 -3.21 -0.30
Gas 0.58 0.88 4.86 13.07 16.60 17.63 18.97 13.30 9.51
Comb. Renew/Wastes - 0.24 2.64 1.86 1.92 1.94 1.96 - -1.98
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -
Electricity 4.66 6.63 7.77 10.52 11.83 12.47 12.90 3.05 3.44
Heat - - - - - - - - -
Total Transport 17.07 23.21 32.62 47.96 53.32 55.87 57.70 3.88 3.88
Coal 0.02 0.01 - - - - - - -
Oil 16.87 22.96 32.17 47.33 52.41 54.90 56.67 3.87 3.85
Gas - - - 0.01 - - - - -
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - 0.10 0.27 0.33 0.37 - -
Electricity 0.18 0.23 0.45 0.51 0.63 0.64 0.66 5.60 2.56
Residential 5.26 7.44 13.20 17.10 19.82 20.98 21.65 5.57 3.35
Coal 0.44 0.37 0.40 0.06 0.09 0.19 0.23 -0.63 -3.71
Oil 3.15 4.18 5.22 5.91 5.93 6.38 6.23 3.02 1.19
Gas 0.33 0.48 0.91 2.88 4.23 4.33 4.55 6.11 11.34
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - 2.96 2.85 2.85 2.88 2.89 - -0.16
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 - -
Electricity 1.33 2.40 3.71 5.36 6.66 7.13 7.69 e 6.21 4.98
Heat - - 0.00 .. .. .. .. - -
Comm & Public Services 1.97 3.12 4.90 9.61 10.23 11.10 12.06 5.51 6.19
Coal - - 0.02 0.03 e - - - - -
Oil 0.96 1.47 1.52 2.45 2.85 3.09 3.10 2.72 4.87
Gas 0.09 0.15 0.27 0.90 0.25 0.46 1.01 6.69 9.10
Comb. Renew/Waste - - - 0.07 0.08 0.08 0.09 - -
Geothermal - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.03 - -
Electricity 0.92 1.50 3.08 6.15 7.03 7.45 7.84 e 7.39 6.42
Heat - - - .. .. .. .. - -
Non-Energy Use 4.86 6.65 8.46 13.60 13.47 12.54 12.05 3.32 2.39
Coal - - - - - - - - -
Oil 4.86 6.65 7.93 12.92 12.79 11.91 11.37 2.92 2.43
Gas - - 0.53 0.68 0.67 0.63 0.69 - 1.67
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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5. COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

Production 9.3 14.0 16.8 11.4 9.2 8.9 8.6 3.6 -4.1
Imports 3.1 5.9 10.2 19.1 21.2 21.2 20.4 7.3 5.0
Exports -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.8 -1.0 -0.6 -1.1 10.0 19.1
Stock Changes 0.6 -2.2 0.7 0.2 0.6 -0.2 -2.3 x x
Primary Supply 12.9 17.8 27.6 29.9 30.0 29.3 25.5 4.6 0.4
Statistical Difference 1.2 0.0 -0.1 0.5 -0.3 0.4 .. x x
Total Transformation -7.8 e -13.4 e -22.3 e -28.2 e -27.0 e -26.9 e .. 6.4 1.3
Electricity and Heat Gen. -4.3 -11.2 -20.3 -26.6 -25.7 e -25.7 e .. 9.5 1.6
Main activity producers (1) -4.3 -11.1 -20.1 -26.3 -25.6 e -25.5 e .. 9.5 1.6
Autoproducers - -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.1 e -0.2 e .. - -0.3
Gas Works - -0.0 -0.0 - - - .. - -
(2)
Coal Transformation -3.5 e -2.2 e -2.0 e -1.5 e -1.3 e -1.2 e .. -3.3 -3.2
BKB plants - - - - - - .. - -
Blast Furnaces -2.5 e -1.8 e -1.4 e -1.0 e -0.9 e -0.9 e .. -3.4 -2.7
Coke Ovens -1.0 -0.4 -0.6 -0.6 -0.4 -0.3 .. -3.2 -4.6
Patent Fuel plants -0.0 0.0 0.0 - - - .. - -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - .. - -
Own use -0.7 -0.8 -0.5 -0.4 -0.4 -0.6 .. -1.7 1.7
Distribution Losses - - - -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 .. x x
(4)
Final Consumption 5.7 3.5 4.6 1.8 2.3 2.1 .. -1.2 -5.2
(5)
Industry sector 5.2 3.2 4.2 1.7 2.1 1.8 .. -1.2 -5.5
Iron and Steel 3.2 e 2.4 e 2.1 e 1.1 e 1.4 e 1.2 e .. -2.5 -3.4
Chemical 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.2 .. -3.8 0.4
Non-metallic minerals - 0.3 1.6 0.4 0.1 0.1 .. - -14.9
Paper, pulp and print - 0.0 0.0 - - - .. - -
Transport sector(6) 0.0 0.0 - - - - .. - -
(7)
Other Sectors 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.3 .. -0.2 -3.1
Comm. and pub. services - - 0.0 0.0 e - - .. - -
Residential 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.2 .. -0.6 -3.7
Non-energy Use - - - - - - .. - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by
* the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

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6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES*

(million tonnes) Average annual
percent change
1978 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 78-90 90-05
Steam Coal 8.33 11.12 21.59 29.25 27.88 30.08 29.49 8.26 2.10
Total Electricity and Heat 6.82 9.50 18.87 28.11 26.45 28.16 27.87 8.85 2.63
Main activity producers 6.69 9.43 18.79 27.92 26.35 28.06 27.79 8.99 2.64
Autoproducers 0.13 0.06 0.08 0.19 0.10 0.09 0.08 -4.23 0.17
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants 0.06 0.06 0.01 - - - - -18.93 -
Coke Ovens 0.30 0.25 0.02 - - - - -18.94 -
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - 0.54 0.35 0.41 0.49 - -
Gas manufacture - 0.01 - - - - - - -
Industry sector 0.75 0.90 2.25 0.67 0.76 0.75 0.75 9.56 -7.10
Iron and Steel 0.31 0.21 0.30 0.14 0.19 0.24 0.22 -0.16 -1.93
Chemical 0.20 0.26 0.10 0.06 0.26 0.26 0.25 -5.73 6.24
Non-metallic minerals 0.17 0.35 1.77 0.47 0.21 0.15 0.18 21.76 -14.31
Paper, Pulp and Print 0.00 0.02 0.03 - - - - 25.32 -
Other industry 0.08 0.06 0.05 - 0.10 0.10 0.10 -3.32 4.73
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 0.35 0.40 0.51 0.12 0.12 0.22 0.25 3.29 -4.63
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Coking Coal 4.86 5.41 4.46 3.56 3.60 3.90 3.46 -0.73 -1.67
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens 4.86 4.99 4.46 3.64 3.61 3.90 3.60 -0.73 -1.41
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector - - - - - - - - -
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal/Lignite 8.16 14.69 20.78 12.85 11.40 11.82 11.55 8.10 -3.84
Total Electricity and Heat 8.09 14.58 20.63 12.91 11.39 11.93 11.43 8.12 -3.86
Main activity producers 8.09 14.58 20.63 12.91 11.39 11.93 11.43 8.12 -3.86
Autoproducers - 0.00 - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector 0.03 0.05 0.08 - - - - 7.64 -
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical 0.02 0.01 0.04 - - - - 4.66 -
Non-metallic minerals 0.01 0.04 0.00 - - - - -6.53 -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - 0.03 - - - - - -
Other industry - - - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 0.04 0.05 0.04 - - - - 1.09 -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

(US Dollars / tce)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal 42.60 69.75 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Heavy Fuel Oil 65.54 125.39 106.42 169.30 164.87 201.33 .. .. ..
Natural Gas 60.18 127.62 118.39 128.33 .. .. .. .. ..
For Industry
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal 68.57 103.43 c c c c c c c
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 65.54 117.59 106.42 138.84 137.38 171.95 .. .. ..
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. 169.30 164.87 201.61 204.12 278.37 323.08
Natural Gas 100.39 172.12 127.20 136.41 128.71 158.66 167.70 197.69 276.03

(Euro / unit)(2)
For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal 15.43 23.62 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Heavy Fuel Oil 40.57 72.57 87.60 246.67 234.90 239.27 .. .. ..
Natural Gas 35.67 70.72 93.31 179.02 .. .. .. .. ..
For Industry
Steam Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal 32.38 45.66 c c c c c c c
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 40.57 68.06 87.60 202.29 195.74 204.36 .. .. ..
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. 246.67 234.90 239.60 220.65 300.92 345.77
Natural Gas 59.50 95.38 100.25 190.29 175.58 180.53 173.57 204.61 282.85
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL*

(Mtce)

1973 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Imports 3.08 5.92 10.16 19.07 21.16 18.95 21.22 21.20 20.36
Hard Coal 2.60 5.35 9.76 18.93 20.95 18.73 21.04 21.06 20.20
Coking Coal .. 4.23 4.29 3.84 3.43 3.55 4.14 3.66 3.71
Steam Coal .. 1.12 5.48 15.09 17.52 15.18 16.90 17.40 16.49
Brown Coal / Lignite 0.01 0.00 0.00 - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 0.47 0.57 0.39 0.14 0.21 0.23 0.18 0.14 0.16

Total Exports 0.01 0.01 0.05 0.77 0.65 0.78 1.02 0.63 1.08
Hard Coal 0.01 0.01 0.00 - 0.01 - - - -
Coking Coal .. - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal .. 0.01 0.00 - 0.01 - - - -
Brown Coal / Lignite 0.00 - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.77 0.64 0.78 1.02 0.63 1.08
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

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9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Hard Coal 3376 5678 10455 21649 24514 21552 24473 24756 23704

Coking Coal 3029 4074 4169 3755 3425 3321 4043 3571 3622
Australia 454 636 672 1388 1570 1883 2155 1682 1969
Canada 68 47 - 383 332 200 230 285 234
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany 395 60 364 - - - - - -
Poland 1369 999 234 - 144 - 114 99 151
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States 743 2300 2899 1912 1196 1092 1318 1273 976
Other OECD - - - - - - - - -

China, People's Rep. - - - - 71 146 70 178 291

Colombia - - - - - - - - 1
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - - - 69 - 19 - -
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - 72 - - 137 - -
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - - -
Venezuela - - - - 43 - - 54 -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - 32 - - - - - - -

Steam Coal 347 1604 6286 17894 21089 18231 20430 21185 20082
Australia - - 271 1627 2151 1922 1108 1433 1579
Canada - - - - - - - 16 -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - 43 102 103 98 99 169 102
Poland - - 16 313 96 24 28 28 45
United Kingdom 12 - 153 27 - - 22 4 16
United States - 714 275 585 708 387 689 227 446
Other OECD 21 15 89 36 37 65 46 12 19

China, People's Rep. - 72 - 191 - - 73 47 3

Colombia - - 404 1112 1622 1478 972 1938 1534
Indonesia - - - 2804 3152 3300 3521 3784 4022
South Africa 114 713 4667 9180 10696 8835 10176 8736 8213
Former USSR(2) 196 90 - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - 285 1496 2368 1926 3148 4235 3609
Other Former USSR (3) - - - 32 97 171 483 450 225
Venezuela - - 53 389 21 - 15 91 153
Vietnam - - - - 12 25 40 15 110
Non-Specified/Other 4 - 30 - 26 - 10 - 6
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN*

(Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne)

1988 1990 1995 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Coking Coal(1) 54.09 62.38 58.59 52.32 57.10 60.44 79.30 116.50 134.81
Imports from:
Australia 47.61 59.85 52.80 50.33 55.95 58.00 68.83 110.07 137.79
Canada .. .. 57.34 59.28 56.12 61.03 79.64 141.45 142.24
Czech Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Poland 56.08 59.09 51.07 45.16 55.25 .. 129.88 135.89 123.25
United States 56.16 63.21 61.65 56.49 61.34 64.22 86.28 116.42 128.18
China .. .. .. 55.08 59.78 62.82 57.80 137.51 136.71
Colombia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 2611.31
South Africa .. .. .. .. 28.36 .. 72.04 .. ..
Former USSR(2) .. .. .. .. 60.54 .. 145.89 .. ..

Steam Coal(3) 37.85 44.74 43.24 37.30 34.80 36.73 55.89 62.94 60.66
Imports from:
Australia 41.82 52.89 50.56 38.32 37.98 36.99 57.79 93.53 97.90
Canada .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 64.94 377.69
Czech Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Poland .. 102.86 .. 41.37 43.39 70.79 91.49 114.05 114.72
United States 91.78 44.32 38.79 36.61 33.76 37.31 49.58 46.84 60.43
China 34.40 .. .. 39.68 .. .. .. 93.42 ..
Colombia 37.52 48.08 46.44 37.77 35.86 40.52 63.98 63.06 61.96
South Africa 36.98 43.00 44.04 38.28 35.09 34.57 55.69 65.12 61.65
Former USSR(2) 38.17 42.90 46.33 40.52 33.97 42.05 70.46 65.99 64.82
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.
(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade.
(2) Former USSR until 1991, Russia starting in 1992.
(3) Bituminous steam coal only. Weighted average of individual countries using volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce) Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)
80 180

70 160

140
60
120
50
100
40
80
30
60
20 40

10 20

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal/TPES
Coal Oil Gas Nuclear Renewables Coal/Population
Coal/GDP

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

6 5

5
4

4
3
3
2
2

1
1

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Production Coal Supply Electricity and Heat Other Transformation
Exports Imports Industry Other Use

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh) Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2)
180 100
160 90

140 80

120 70
60
100
50
80
40
60
30
40
20
20 10
0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal Oil Gas Hydro Nuclear Other Coal Oil Gas Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

TPES (Mtce) 56.18 58.22 67.95 68.88 75.97 74.53 73.31 1.13 0.62
Coal 2.33 2.44 4.22 3.50 4.21 3.75 3.88 3.57 -0.79
Oil 40.55 32.72 20.96 20.33 22.07 21.24 20.59 -3.81 0.09
Gas - - 0.82 1.11 1.26 1.20 1.26 - 2.56
Comb. Renew/Waste 5.06 5.90 7.87 11.80 11.88 12.82 13.80 2.63 3.31
Nuclear 0.79 9.86 25.38 21.34 28.85 26.95 24.94 22.68 0.40
Hydro 7.36 7.23 8.91 9.65 7.39 8.94 7.57 1.13 0.03
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.01 0.06 0.11 0.12 0.13 - 23.39
Net Electricity trade(1) 0.09 0.07 -0.22 0.57 -0.26 -0.91 0.74 - 10.01
Heat(2) - - - 0.51 0.46 0.42 0.40 - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries.
(2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

GDP (2000 bil. US$) 142 161 200 242 264 272 284 2.02 2.08
TPES/GDP(1) 0.40 0.36 0.34 0.28 0.29 0.27 0.26 -0.88 -1.43
Population (millions) 8.1 8.3 8.6 8.9 9.0 9.0 9.1 0.30 0.36
TPES/population(1) 6.90 7.01 7.94 7.76 8.45 8.25 8.09 0.83 0.26
TPES/GDP(2) 138.9 127.3 119.6 100.0 101.0 96.3 90.7 -0.88 -1.43
Coal Supply/GDP(2) 113.3 105.0 146.4 100.0 110.1 95.4 94.5 1.52 -2.82
Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 91.6 99.4 113.4 100.0 92.8 90.4 .. 1.26 -1.50
Elec. Generation (TWh) 78 96 146 145 152 158 143 3.75 0.54
Industrial Production(2) 51.9 51.7 69.1 100.0 105.4 107.3 .. 1.70 2.98
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators
(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita.
(2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Average annual
percent change
1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 78-90 90-05

Mtce:
Coking Coal - - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal 0.01 0.02 0.01 - - - - -7.59 -
Brown Coal - - - - - - - - -
Peat - 0.00 0.33 0.33 0.54 0.43 0.42 - 1.75

Mt:
Coking Coal - - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal 0.02 0.02 0.01 - - - - -3.07 -
Brown Coal - - - - - - - - -
Peat - 0.00 0.83 0.77 1.28 1.01 0.98 - 1.33
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
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4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL*

(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 73-90 90-05
(1)
TFC 50.40 50.07 46.77 51.80 50.94 50.84 50.32 -0.44 0.49
Coal 1.33 1.21 1.49 1.05 1.33 1.42 1.30 0.70 -0.91
Oil 35.48 29.45 20.91 21.62 20.77 20.40 19.50 -3.06 -0.47
Gas 0.15 0.11 0.52 0.68 0.76 0.74 0.75 7.49 2.49
Comb. Renew/Wastes 4.94 5.51 6.62 7.55 6.36 6.42 6.75 1.74 0.13
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 - 4.21
Electricity 8.50 10.43 14.79 15.81 15.90 16.02 16.06 3.31 0.55
Heat - 3.37 2.44 5.07 5.80 5.84 5.96 - 6.15
of which:
Total Industry 19.02 17.12 16.98 19.61 17.47 17.53 17.07 -0.66 0.04
Coal 1.20 1.12 1.37 1.03 1.31 1.39 1.29 0.77 -0.41
Oil 8.75 6.69 3.13 4.47 3.26 3.18 2.64 -5.86 -1.13
Gas 0.02 0.01 0.37 0.44 0.48 0.46 0.46 20.26 1.53
Comb. Renew/Wastes 4.19 4.32 5.25 6.19 4.98 4.89 5.07 1.33 -0.23
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 4.86 4.98 6.63 7.00 6.89 7.03 7.07 1.84 0.43
Heat - - 0.24 0.49 0.54 0.58 0.54 - 5.65
Total Transport 7.85 8.73 10.60 11.78 11.77 12.23 12.40 1.78 1.05
Coal - 0.00 - - - - - - -
Oil 7.60 8.45 10.29 11.37 11.29 11.64 11.82 1.80 0.93
Gas - - - 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 - -
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - - 0.11 0.20 0.21 - -
Electricity 0.26 0.28 0.30 0.39 0.35 0.37 0.35 1.03 0.87
Residential 15.53 14.07 9.38 10.44 10.56 10.22 10.44 -2.92 0.72
Coal 0.07 0.02 - - - - - - -
Oil 12.65 9.65 2.23 1.27 1.03 0.73 0.60 -9.70 -8.34
Gas 0.14 0.07 0.07 0.15 0.10 0.10 0.10 -3.61 2.21
Comb. Renew/Wastes 0.74 1.18 0.90 0.88 0.83 0.82 0.90 1.15 -0.03
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 - 4.21
Electricity 1.93 3.16 4.68 5.16 5.16 5.08 5.24 5.34 0.76
Heat - - 1.49 2.97 3.44 3.48 3.59 - 6.03
Comm & Public Services 1.41 1.93 5.75 6.31 6.86 6.52 6.15 8.61 0.45
Coal - 0.00 - - - - - - -
Oil 0.05 0.02 1.96 1.52 1.54 1.15 0.90 24.84 -5.09
Gas - 0.03 0.06 0.05 0.13 0.13 0.14 - 5.55
Comb. Renew/Waste - 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.08 0.09 - 8.73
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 1.37 1.87 2.99 3.12 3.35 3.39 3.21 4.72 0.47
Heat - - 0.71 1.60 1.81 1.77 1.82 - 6.50
Non-Energy Use 3.16 2.27 2.81 2.50 3.07 3.16 3.09 -0.69 0.64
Coal 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.32 -9.15
Oil 3.10 2.21 2.75 2.48 3.05 3.14 3.07 -0.72 0.75
Gas - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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5. COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

Production 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.4 22.0 1.6
Imports 2.4 2.5 3.7 3.4 3.6 3.5 3.3 2.5 -0.3
Exports -0.0 -0.1 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 3.5 -0.5
Stock Changes -0.1 0.0 0.2 -0.2 0.1 -0.2 0.2 x x
Primary Supply 2.3 2.4 4.2 3.5 4.2 3.7 3.9 3.6 -0.8
Statistical Difference - - 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.2 .. x x
Total Transformation -0.9 e -1.0 e -2.5 e -2.4 e -2.7 e -2.5 e .. 6.4 -0.2
Electricity and Heat Gen. -0.1 -0.1 -1.6 -1.1 -1.5 -1.3 .. 19.7 -1.7
Main activity producers (1) -0.1 -0.1 -1.6 -1.0 -1.4 -1.1 .. 19.6 -2.2
Autoproducers - -0.0 -0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 .. - 15.4
Gas Works - - - - - - .. - -
(2)
Coal Transformation -0.8 e -0.9 e -0.9 e -1.2 e -1.1 e -1.2 e .. 0.7 1.8
BKB plants - - - - - - .. - -
Blast Furnaces -0.8 e -0.7 e -0.7 e -0.8 e -0.9 e -0.9 e .. -0.8 2.2
Coke Ovens -0.0 -0.2 -0.2 -0.4 -0.2 -0.3 .. 11.2 0.6
Patent Fuel plants - - - - - - .. - -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - .. - -
Own use -0.1 e -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 .. 3.8 0.8
Distribution Losses -0.1 e -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.0 .. x x
(4)
Final Consumption 1.3 1.2 1.5 1.1 1.4 1.3 .. 0.7 -0.9
(5)
Industry sector 1.2 1.1 1.4 1.0 1.4 1.3 .. 0.8 -0.4
Iron and Steel 0.7 e 0.6 e 0.6 e 0.5 e 0.9 e 0.8 e .. -1.4 2.3
Chemical 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. 10.1 -9.2
Non-metallic minerals 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 .. 2.8 -3.3
Paper, pulp and print 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. 20.8 -7.0
Transport sector(6) - 0.0 - - - - .. - -
(7)
Other Sectors 0.1 0.0 0.1 - - - .. -0.5 -
Comm. and pub. services - 0.0 - - - - .. - -
Residential 0.1 0.0 - - - - .. - -
Non-energy Use 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. 0.3 -9.1
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by
* the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

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6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES*

(million tonnes) Average annual
percent change
1978 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 78-90 90-05
Steam Coal 0.34 0.48 2.19 1.09 1.19 1.54 1.22 16.72 -3.82
Total Electricity and Heat 0.02 0.09 1.19 0.50 0.69 0.60 0.42 43.16 -6.63
Main activity producers 0.02 0.08 1.17 0.49 0.67 0.60 0.42 43.02 -6.61
Autoproducers - 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.00 - -8.01
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - 0.18 0.27 0.36 0.42 0.42 - 5.68
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector 0.30 0.33 0.74 0.50 0.52 0.60 0.57 7.88 -1.77
Iron and Steel 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.04 0.13 0.14 0.11 6.32 5.62
Chemical 0.01 0.04 0.03 - - - - 9.89 -
Non-metallic minerals 0.19 0.21 0.39 0.25 0.20 0.25 0.25 6.43 -3.04
Paper, Pulp and Print 0.00 0.01 0.10 0.03 0.01 0.03 0.04 33.48 -6.51
Other industry 0.08 0.05 0.18 0.17 0.18 0.18 0.18 7.07 0.04
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 0.00 0.00 - - - - - - -
Non-energy use 0.03 0.05 0.02 - - - - -3.02 -
Coking Coal 1.23 1.65 1.52 1.77 1.74 1.79 1.85 1.77 1.33
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens 1.23 1.65 1.52 1.77 1.74 1.79 1.85 1.77 1.33
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector - - - - - - - - -
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal/Lignite - - - - - - - - -
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector - - - - - - - - -
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

(US Dollars / tce)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal 50.00 91.90 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Heavy Fuel Oil 67.15 145.18 77.87 .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
For Industry
Steam Coal 77.55 93.41 92.56 .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal 64.11 72.84 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 80.71 171.39 x x x x x x x
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. 270.45 320.71 350.05 456.54 554.94 623.71 680.40
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

(Swedish Crowns / unit)(2)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal 215 370 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Heavy Fuel Oil 416 842 632 .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
For Industry
Steam Coal 321 362 502 .. .. .. .. .. ..
Coking Coal 267 284 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 500 994 x x x x x x x
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. 2195 4029 4667 5058 5591 6391 6880
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL*

(Mtce)

1973 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Imports 2.42 2.51 3.71 3.37 3.28 3.62 3.62 3.55 3.25
Hard Coal 0.98 2.08 3.40 3.05 2.73 3.15 3.14 3.17 3.04
Coking Coal .. 1.74 1.35 1.86 1.72 1.84 1.84 2.00 2.10
Steam Coal .. 0.34 2.05 1.19 1.01 1.31 1.29 1.17 0.94
Brown Coal / Lignite - - 0.00 - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 1.44 0.44 0.31 0.32 0.55 0.47 0.48 0.38 0.21

Total Exports 0.02 0.11 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.06 0.04 0.04 0.03
Hard Coal 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00
Coking Coal .. - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal .. 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00
Brown Coal / Lignite - 0.00 - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 0.01 0.11 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.06 0.03 0.04 0.03
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

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9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Hard Coal 1545 2182 3543 3092 2760 3195 3186 3203 3056

Coking Coal 1239 1790 1315 1814 1679 1796 1802 1955 2052
Australia - - 449 e 990 1037 1172 1350 1000 1246
Canada 78 159 102 e 54 - - - - -
Czech Republic 99 123 - - - - - - -
Germany 231 - - - - - - - -
Poland 71 1 - - - - - 22 133
United Kingdom 5 - - - - - - - -
United States 338 1105 764 e 570 319 346 426 462 352
Other OECD - - - - - - - 1 -

China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -

Colombia - - - - - - - - -
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - - - - - - - 1
Former USSR(2) 417 402 - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - - - - - 470 320
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - - -
Venezuela - - - 200 283 258 26 - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - - 40 20 - - -

Steam Coal 306 392 2228 1278 1081 1399 1384 1248 1004
Australia - 6 187 e 83 48 36 122 370 111
Canada - 28 1 e - - - - - -
Czech Republic 8 11 6 e - - - - - -
Germany 42 - 7 e - - - 4 3 28
Poland 174 171 732 e 698 358 570 372 127 126
United Kingdom 30 31 103 e 15 21 5 - 2 9
United States - 58 117 e 25 - - 2 30 5
Other OECD - 14 8 e 16 - 23 5 23 29

China, People's Rep. - - 8 e - - - - - -

Colombia - - 108 e 120 83 - - - -
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - - - - - - - -
Former USSR(2) 52 73 - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - 573 271 250 174 458 377 442
Other Former USSR (3) - - - 50 224 503 320 263 254
Venezuela - - 375 e - 97 88 101 53 -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - 3 e - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN*

(Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne)

1988 1990 1995 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Coking Coal(1) .. .. 60.87 49.85 62.47 66.28 75.53 94.31 57.76

Imports from:
Australia .. .. 65.10 .. .. .. .. .. ..
Canada .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Czech Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Poland .. .. 55.47 54.32 65.53 67.15 75.73 96.64 ..
United States .. .. 61.89 .. .. .. .. .. ..
China .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Colombia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
South Africa .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Former USSR(2) .. .. 47.54 33.03 40.55 49.23 70.63 65.37 57.76

Steam Coal(3) .. .. 55.37 59.04 55.09 58.30 86.28 111.18 117.43

Imports from:
Australia .. .. 67.27 62.57 65.36 69.86 107.17 152.75 151.35
Canada .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Czech Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Poland .. .. 48.74 49.48 44.84 48.35 55.59 75.95 71.82
United States .. .. 66.14 66.71 67.14 66.68 90.11 91.28 124.76
China .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Colombia .. .. 53.77 52.52 47.51 .. .. .. ..
South Africa .. .. 61.06 .. .. 50.79 .. .. ..
Former USSR(2) .. .. 43.13 41.53 41.25 45.12 61.97 74.35 78.65
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.
(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade.
(2) Former USSR until 1991, Russia starting in 1992.
(3) Bituminous steam coal only. Weighted average of individual countries using volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce) Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)
45 120

40
100
35

30 80

25
60
20

15 40

10
20
5

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal/TPES
Coal Oil Gas Nuclear Renewables Coal/Population
Coal/GDP

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

1.2 0.9

0.8
1.0
0.7

0.8 0.6

0.5
0.6
0.4

0.4 0.3

0.2
0.2
0.1

0.0 0.0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Production Coal Supply Electricity and Heat Other Transformation
Exports Imports Industry Other Use

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh) Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2)
80 50

70 45
40
60
35
50
30
40 25

30 20
15
20
10
10
5
0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal Oil Gas Hydro Nuclear Other Coal Oil Gas Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

TPES (Mtce) 28.18 29.80 35.70 37.37 38.76 38.79 40.48 1.40 0.55
Coal 0.47 0.47 0.51 0.20 0.19 0.22 0.22 0.55 -5.45
Oil 21.80 19.05 19.22 18.18 17.90 18.27 18.75 -0.74 -0.34
Gas 0.21 1.24 2.33 3.48 3.87 3.97 3.86 15.08 3.62
Comb. Renew/Waste 0.34 0.67 1.31 1.81 2.45 2.75 2.84 8.15 5.08
Nuclear 2.35 5.35 8.83 9.88 10.08 8.73 10.40 8.10 -0.08
Hydro 3.43 4.03 3.66 4.53 4.15 3.84 3.80 0.39 0.31
Geothermal - - 0.09 0.13 0.18 0.20 0.22 - 5.55
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.01 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 - 8.82
Net Electricity trade(1) -0.43 -1.01 -0.26 -0.87 -0.09 0.78 0.33 -2.94 -
Heat(2) - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries.
(2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

GDP (2000 bil. US$) 174 178 222 246 255 260 267 1.43 1.06
TPES/GDP(1) 0.16 0.17 0.16 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 -0.02 -0.50
Population (millions) 6.4 6.4 6.8 7.2 7.5 7.5 7.5 0.32 0.66
TPES/population(1) 4.37 4.67 5.25 5.18 5.20 5.17 5.40 1.08 -0.11
TPES/GDP(2) 106.4 110.1 106.0 100.0 100.2 98.4 100.0 -0.02 -0.50
Coal Supply/GDP(2) 336.2 328.7 289.9 100.0 94.2 106.8 104.7 -0.87 -6.44
Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 78.2 92.9 99.5 100.0 103.6 103.8 .. 1.43 0.28
Elec. Generation (TWh) 37 48 55 66 64 58 62 2.39 0.33
Industrial Production(2) 64.3 64.9 79.1 100.0 98.4 101.0 108.8 1.23 1.64
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators
(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita.
(2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Average annual
percent change
1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 78-90 90-05

Mtce:
Coking Coal - - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -

Mt:
Coking Coal - - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
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4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL*

(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 73-90 90-05
(1)
TFC 25.09 25.02 28.15 30.35 30.98 31.48 32.17 0.68 0.89
Coal 0.41 0.45 0.50 0.20 0.20 0.19 0.22 1.07 -5.22
Oil 20.43 18.49 18.35 18.74 18.42 18.34 18.41 -0.63 0.02
Gas 0.34 1.03 2.20 3.26 3.54 3.66 3.77 11.65 3.65
Comb. Renew/Wastes 0.34 0.46 0.87 1.09 1.34 1.66 1.95 5.63 5.47
Geothermal - - 0.09 0.13 0.17 0.18 0.20 - 5.55
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.01 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.04 - 8.26
Electricity 3.56 4.33 5.77 6.43 6.77 6.90 7.04 2.88 1.34
Heat - 0.27 0.36 0.45 0.50 0.52 0.55 - 2.90
of which:
Total Industry 5.75 5.58 4.80 5.53 5.63 5.76 5.87 -1.05 1.35
Coal 0.11 0.32 0.47 0.18 0.19 0.18 0.19 8.90 -5.91
Oil 4.20 3.08 1.08 1.26 1.27 1.27 1.24 -7.68 0.90
Gas 0.07 0.51 0.84 1.08 1.12 1.16 1.19 15.55 2.33
Comb. Renew/Wastes - 0.17 0.22 0.58 0.59 0.64 0.71 - 7.97
Geothermal - - - 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -
Electricity 1.36 1.46 2.12 2.22 2.25 2.29 2.32 2.64 0.61
Heat - 0.04 0.07 0.19 0.21 0.20 0.22 - 8.08
Total Transport 6.13 6.39 8.99 10.76 10.18 10.14 10.21 2.28 0.86
Coal - - - - - - - - -
Oil 5.88 6.13 8.67 10.44 9.82 9.77 9.84 2.31 0.84
Gas - - - - - - - - -
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - - - 0.00 0.01 - -
Electricity 0.25 0.26 0.32 0.32 0.37 0.36 0.37 1.42 0.99
Residential 1.81 7.81 7.55 8.01 8.61 8.68 8.98 8.76 1.16
Coal 0.30 0.13 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.03 -14.68 3.35
Oil - 5.73 4.83 4.24 4.50 4.46 4.51 - -0.47
Gas 0.27 0.39 0.87 1.23 1.37 1.41 1.45 7.22 3.48
Comb. Renew/Wastes 0.34 0.25 - 0.31 0.35 0.36 0.45 - -
Geothermal - - - 0.10 0.13 0.14 0.16 - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.02 - -
Electricity 0.90 1.24 1.67 1.93 2.05 2.10 2.17 3.72 1.74
Heat - 0.07 0.15 0.16 0.18 0.19 0.20 - 1.86
Comm & Public Services 1.03 3.86 4.83 4.67 5.11 5.37 5.55 9.54 0.94
Coal - - 0.00 - - - - - -
Oil - 2.25 2.68 1.83 1.86 1.79 1.79 - -2.63
Gas - 0.13 0.42 0.72 0.76 0.78 0.80 - 4.39
Comb. Renew/Waste - - 0.03 e 0.16 e 0.36 e 0.62 0.73 - 23.59
Geothermal - - - 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -
Electricity 1.03 1.33 1.56 1.83 1.98 2.02 2.06 2.49 1.90
Heat - 0.16 0.14 0.10 0.12 0.14 0.13 - -0.32
Non-Energy Use 1.08 0.89 0.80 0.82 0.76 0.80 0.79 -1.78 -0.04
Coal - 0.00 0.00 - - - - - -
Oil 1.08 0.89 0.79 0.82 0.76 0.80 0.79 -1.81 0.00
Gas - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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5. COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

Production - - - - - - - - -
Imports 0.3 0.7 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.2 2.2 -8.0
Exports -0.0 - -0.0 - - - -0.0 -5.2 -
Stock Changes 0.2 -0.3 0.0 -0.1 - 0.1 -0.0 x x
Primary Supply 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.5 -5.5
Statistical Difference - - 0.0 - - - .. x x
Total Transformation -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 - - - .. -2.8 -
Electricity and Heat Gen. - -0.0 -0.0 - - - .. - -
Main activity producers (1) - -0.0 -0.0 - - - .. - -
Autoproducers - -0.0 -0.0 - - - .. - -
Gas Works -0.0 - - - - - .. - -
(2)
Coal Transformation - - - - - - .. - -
BKB plants - - - - - - .. - -
Blast Furnaces - - - - - - .. - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - .. - -
Patent Fuel plants - - - - - - .. - -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - .. - -
Own use -0.0 - - - - - .. - -
Distribution Losses - - - - - - .. x x
(4)
Final Consumption 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.2 .. 1.1 -5.2
(5)
Industry sector 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.2 .. 8.9 -5.9
Iron and Steel 0.0 - - - - - .. - -
Chemical 0.0 0.0 0.0 - - - .. -7.5 -
Non-metallic minerals 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 .. 19.4 -5.5
Paper, pulp and print 0.0 0.0 0.0 - - - .. 3.7 -
Transport sector(6) - - - - - - .. - -
(7)
Other Sectors 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. -14.4 3.0
Comm. and pub. services - - 0.0 - - - .. - -
Residential 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. -14.7 3.4
Non-energy Use - 0.0 0.0 - - - .. - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by
* the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

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6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES*

(million tonnes) Average annual
percent change
1978 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 78-90 90-05
Steam Coal 0.15 0.32 0.48 0.17 0.18 0.18 0.18 10.26 -6.24
Total Electricity and Heat 0.01 0.02 0.02 - - - - 12.70 -
Main activity producers 0.00 0.02 0.02 - - - - 26.63 -
Autoproducers 0.00 0.01 0.00 - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector 0.10 0.28 0.46 0.17 0.18 0.18 0.18 13.55 -5.89
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical 0.01 0.03 0.01 - - - - -6.82 -
Non-metallic minerals 0.05 0.18 0.40 0.16 0.17 0.17 0.18 19.33 -5.33
Paper, Pulp and Print 0.02 0.04 0.04 - - - - 6.70 -
Other industry 0.02 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 -4.17 -3.53
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 0.03 0.01 0.00 - - - - -15.46 -
Non-energy use 0.02 0.00 0.00 - - - - -12.55 -
Coking Coal - - - - - - - - -
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector - - - - - - - - -
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal/Lignite - - - - - - - - -
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector - - - - - - - - -
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

(US Dollars / tce)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal x x x x x x x x x
Heavy Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
For Industry
Steam Coal 68.83 95.71 72.44 60.13 61.63 75.25 110.05 109.84 111.27
Coking Coal .. 127.62 x x x x x x x
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 82.09 152.84 118.75 x x x x x x
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. 139.44 129.63 161.42 152.81 224.36 253.87
Natural Gas 153.69 191.15 182.83 173.39 217.15 249.12 274.01 312.63 379.30

(Swiss Francs / unit)(2)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal x x x x x x x x x
Heavy Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
For Industry
Steam Coal 105.5 137.5 86.3 87.0 82.3 86.8 117.3 117.5 119.5
Coking Coal .. 220.0 x x x x x x x
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 201.3 351.3 226.2 x x x x x x
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. 322.8 276.8 297.8 260.5 384.0 436.3
Natural Gas 353.3 411.9 326.5 376.3 434.7 430.8 437.9 501.6 611.1
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL*

(Mtce)

1973 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Imports 0.34 0.72 0.50 0.27 0.15 0.11 0.19 0.14 0.23
Hard Coal 0.13 0.55 0.46 0.24 0.12 0.08 0.17 0.10 0.15
Coking Coal .. - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal .. 0.55 0.46 0.24 0.12 0.08 0.17 0.10 0.15
Brown Coal / Lignite - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 0.21 0.17 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.05 0.09

Total Exports 0.03 - 0.01 - - - - - 0.01

Hard Coal 0.00 - 0.01 - - - - - 0.00
Coking Coal .. - - - - - - - -
Steam Coal .. - 0.01 - - - - - 0.00
Brown Coal / Lignite - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 0.03 - 0.00 - - - - - 0.01
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

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9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Hard Coal 141 574 482 250 122 85 177 100 152

Coking Coal - - - - - - - - -
Australia - - - - - - - - -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States - - - - - - - - -
Other OECD - - - - - - - - -

China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -

Colombia - - - - - - - - -
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - - - - - - - -
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - - - - - - -
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - - -
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - - -

Steam Coal 141 574 482 250 122 85 177 100 152
Australia - - - - - - - - -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic 14 11 - - - - - - -
Germany 79 124 55 12 6 3 8 4 5
Poland 8 53 1 - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States - 17 - - - - - - -
Other OECD 17 31 6 2 1 2 2 2 1

China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -

Colombia - - - - - - - - -
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa 23 337 420 234 111 76 163 91 142
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - 2 3 3 3 3 4
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - - -
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - 1 1 1 - -
Non-Specified/Other - 1 - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce) Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)
140 350

120 300

100 250

80 200

60 150

40 100

20 50

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal/TPES
Coal Oil Gas Nuclear Renewables Coal/Population
Coal/GDP

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

35 35

30 30

25 25

20 20

15 15

10 10

5 5

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Production Coal Supply Electricity and Heat Other Transformation
Exports Imports Industry Other Use

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh) Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2)
180 250
160

140 200

120
150
100

80
100
60

40
50
20

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal Oil Gas Hydro Nuclear Other Coal Oil Gas Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

TPES (Mtce) 34.81 45.02 75.67 110.04 117.01 121.72 122.31 4.67 3.22
Coal 7.36 9.98 24.15 32.72 31.97 32.10 29.89 7.24 1.91
Oil 17.85 22.42 33.73 44.40 42.99 42.71 40.60 3.81 1.59
Gas - - 4.08 18.05 26.72 32.55 37.09 - 14.85
Comb. Renew/Waste 9.22 10.97 10.29 9.30 7.94 7.65 7.39 0.65 -1.96
Nuclear - - - - - - - - -
Hydro 0.32 1.39 2.84 3.79 5.66 4.86 5.43 13.72 3.64
Geothermal 0.07 0.09 0.62 0.98 1.27 1.44 1.51 13.75 5.78
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.04 0.38 0.54 0.56 0.59 - 19.20
Net Electricity trade(1) - 0.16 -0.09 0.41 -0.08 -0.14 -0.20 - 3.14
Heat(2) - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries.
(2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

GDP (2000 bil. US$) 66 84 140 199 229 246 261 4.50 3.83
TPES/GDP(1) 0.52 0.53 0.54 0.55 0.51 0.49 0.47 0.16 -0.58
Population (millions) 38.1 44.4 56.2 67.5 71.8 72.1 73.3 2.32 1.67
TPES/population(1) 0.91 1.01 1.35 1.63 1.63 1.69 1.67 2.30 1.52
TPES/GDP(2) 95.0 96.6 97.7 100.0 92.4 89.5 84.8 0.16 -0.58
Coal Supply/GDP(2) 67.5 72.1 104.9 100.0 84.9 79.4 69.7 2.63 -1.84
Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 31.1 48.1 66.6 100.0 108.4 108.6 .. 4.59 3.31
Elec. Generation (TWh) 12 23 58 125 151 162 176 9.44 7.14
Industrial Production(2) .. .. 70.5 100.0 119.3 125.7 133.1 - 3.93
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators
(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita.
(2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Average annual
percent change
1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 78-90 90-05

Mtce:
Coking Coal 2.58 2.12 2.03 0.71 0.67 0.65 0.93 -2.00 -7.32
Steam Coal 1.16 1.01 0.89 0.80 0.87 1.04 1.58 -2.20 1.09
Brown Coal 5.55 5.65 14.76 16.32 13.50 13.28 14.47 8.49 -0.70
Peat - - - - - - - - -

Mt:
Coking Coal 2.96 2.44 1.82 0.74 0.66 0.65 0.93 -3.97 -6.67
Steam Coal 1.33 1.16 0.92 1.66 1.28 1.52 2.30 -3.02 3.41
Brown Coal 15.12 15.03 44.68 60.88 44.43 56.17 61.64 9.45 1.54
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
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4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL*

(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 73-90 90-05
(1)
TFC 28.61 37.90 57.97 84.05 88.54 92.27 95.69 4.24 3.40
Coal 4.18 5.95 10.74 15.49 15.63 16.30 15.34 5.70 2.41
Oil 13.86 18.44 29.82 38.73 38.07 38.97 39.50 4.61 1.89
Gas 0.06 0.06 1.03 7.01 10.93 12.07 14.35 18.63 19.17
Comb. Renew/Wastes 9.22 10.97 10.29 9.22 8.21 7.90 7.60 0.65 -2.00
Geothermal 0.07 0.09 0.52 0.88 1.12 1.16 1.32 12.60 6.41
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.04 0.37 0.50 0.54 0.55 - 19.09
Electricity 1.22 2.40 5.52 11.78 13.56 14.70 15.80 9.29 7.26
Heat - - - 0.55 0.52 0.64 1.21 - -
of which:
Total Industry 5.32 9.38 15.60 28.26 30.26 30.86 30.69 6.53 4.61
Coal 1.63 3.09 6.43 12.61 12.67 12.86 11.81 8.42 4.14
Oil 2.90 4.78 5.09 6.91 7.08 6.56 6.17 3.37 1.29
Gas 0.00 0.00 0.71 2.38 3.22 3.50 3.87 34.90 11.99
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - - - - - - -
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.01 0.14 0.17 0.17 0.17 - 19.85
Electricity 0.79 1.49 3.36 5.66 6.60 7.13 7.45 8.88 5.46
Heat - - - 0.55 0.52 0.64 1.21 - -
Total Transport 6.41 8.03 13.68 17.90 18.50 18.92 19.71 4.56 2.47
Coal 0.75 0.26 0.02 0.00 - - - -18.90 -
Oil 5.65 7.75 13.62 17.75 18.34 18.68 19.47 5.31 2.41
Gas - - - 0.06 0.08 0.15 0.15 - -
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 7.56 5.31
Residential 14.44 17.49 20.84 25.26 25.10 25.93 27.70 2.18 1.91
Coal 1.81 2.59 4.29 2.88 2.96 3.44 3.53 5.21 -1.28
Oil 3.13 3.37 4.53 5.26 4.06 4.11 4.23 2.20 -0.46
Gas 0.05 0.05 0.07 3.85 5.32 5.57 6.83 2.62 35.21
Comb. Renew/Wastes 9.22 10.97 10.29 9.22 8.21 7.90 7.60 0.65 -2.00
Geothermal 0.07 0.09 0.52 0.88 1.12 1.16 1.32 12.60 6.41
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.03 0.24 0.33 0.36 0.38 - 18.77
Electricity 0.17 0.43 1.11 2.93 3.10 3.39 3.80 11.65 8.53
Heat - - - - - - - - -
Comm & Public Services 0.45 0.44 0.91 3.31 5.09 5.85 6.76 4.25 14.30
Coal - - - - - - - - -
Oil 0.23 - - - - - - - -
Gas 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.60 1.77 2.25 2.80 -9.07 70.70
Comb. Renew/Waste - - - - - - - - -
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 0.22 0.44 0.91 2.71 3.33 3.60 3.95 8.81 10.29
Heat - - - - - - - - -
Non-Energy Use 0.82 1.21 4.07 5.09 5.35 5.97 6.04 9.91 2.66
Coal - - - - - - - - -
Oil 0.82 1.21 3.82 4.96 4.80 5.36 5.34 9.50 2.26
Gas - - 0.25 0.13 0.55 0.61 0.69 - 7.01
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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5. COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

Production 7.4 8.8 17.7 17.8 15.0 15.0 17.0 5.2 -1.1
Imports 0.0 0.8 6.0 13.3 16.0 16.7 12.9 42.3 7.1
Exports - -0.1 - - - - - - -
Stock Changes -0.1 0.4 0.5 1.6 0.9 0.4 0.1 x x
Primary Supply 7.4 10.0 24.2 32.7 32.0 32.1 29.9 7.2 1.9
Statistical Difference - -0.2 -1.7 0.2 0.1 0.3 .. x x
Total Transformation -2.9 e -3.5 e -11.3 e -17.0 e -15.3 e -16.5 e .. 8.3 2.6
Electricity and Heat Gen. -1.8 -2.7 -8.1 -14.4 -12.5 -13.8 .. 9.2 3.6
Main activity producers (1) -1.8 -2.2 -7.5 -13.7 -11.5 -12.7 .. 8.7 3.6
Autoproducers - -0.5 -0.7 -0.7 -1.0 -1.1 .. - 3.8
Gas Works -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 - - - .. -6.5 -
(2)
Coal Transformation -0.9 e -0.7 e -3.1 e -2.6 e -2.7 e -2.7 e .. 7.2 -1.0
BKB plants 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 .. 3.1 2.7
Blast Furnaces -0.6 e -0.9 e -1.6 e -1.8 e -1.9 e -1.8 e .. 6.3 0.8
Coke Ovens -0.4 0.1 -1.5 -0.8 -0.9 -0.9 .. 8.5 -3.6
Patent Fuel plants - - - - - - .. - -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - .. - -
Own use -0.2 -0.3 -0.4 -0.4 -0.4 -0.4 .. 4.0 0.0
Distribution Losses -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.1 .. x x
(4)
Final Consumption 4.2 5.9 10.7 15.5 16.3 15.3 .. 5.7 2.4
(5)
Industry sector 1.6 3.1 6.4 12.6 12.9 11.8 .. 8.4 4.1
Iron and Steel 0.4 e 0.9 e 1.0 e 1.3 e 1.1 e 1.1 .. 6.2 0.8
Chemical 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.0 0.1 0.1 .. 2.1 -11.0
Non-metallic minerals - - 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 .. - 22.0
Paper, pulp and print - - 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. - 23.7
Transport sector(6) 0.7 0.3 0.0 0.0 - - .. -18.9 -
(7)
Other Sectors 1.8 2.6 4.3 2.9 3.4 3.5 .. 5.2 -1.3
Comm. and pub. services - - - - - - .. - -
Residential 1.8 2.6 4.3 2.9 3.4 3.5 .. 5.2 -1.3
Non-energy Use - - - - - - .. - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by
* the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

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6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES*

(million tonnes) Average annual
percent change
1978 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 78-90 90-05
Steam Coal 1.21 1.22 2.81 8.48 11.95 13.59 13.84 7.31 11.21
Total Electricity and Heat 0.68 0.61 0.37 1.66 3.09 3.98 4.57 -5.01 18.27
Main activity producers 0.68 0.61 0.37 1.66 3.09 3.98 4.57 -5.01 18.27
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens 0.09 0.06 0.06 - - - - -3.28 -
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector 0.29 0.43 1.12 6.15 8.04 8.78 8.42 12.11 14.36
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - 0.01 0.03 0.07 0.07 0.07 - 16.48
Paper, Pulp and Print - - 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 - 22.11
Other industry 0.29 0.43 1.12 6.10 7.96 8.70 8.33 12.05 14.34
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 0.10 0.06 1.25 0.68 0.83 0.83 0.85 23.25 -2.58
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Coking Coal 3.43 3.41 5.34 7.04 5.58 5.31 5.59 3.75 0.31
Total Electricity and Heat 0.36 0.16 0.11 0.28 0.53 0.49 0.60 -9.80 12.31
Main activity producers 0.31 0.10 0.08 - - - - -11.22 -
Autoproducers 0.05 0.06 0.03 0.28 0.53 0.49 0.60 -4.01 22.09
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens 2.39 2.56 4.66 4.19 4.03 4.33 4.22 5.71 -0.66
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture 0.29 0.23 0.10 - - - - -8.83 -
Industry sector 0.05 0.15 0.34 2.47 0.82 0.37 0.64 17.37 4.43
Iron and Steel - - - 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry 0.05 0.15 0.34 2.38 0.72 0.28 0.55 17.37 3.40
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 0.11 0.13 0.13 0.10 0.21 0.12 0.13 1.19 -0.10
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal/Lignite 13.23 15.80 46.18 64.41 46.39 45.55 57.32 10.98 1.45
Total Electricity and Heat 4.45 6.03 29.88 52.54 34.79 32.99 47.41 17.21 3.12
Main activity producers 4.30 5.47 29.63 52.29 34.63 32.85 47.21 17.45 3.15
Autoproducers 0.15 0.56 0.25 0.26 0.16 0.14 0.20 4.71 -1.40
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.00 0.04 0.14 0.16 6.74 10.66
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector 3.63 3.49 8.52 6.93 7.32 6.91 4.25 7.36 -4.53
Iron and Steel 0.00 0.00 - - - - - - -
Chemical 0.73 0.58 0.93 0.11 0.15 0.16 0.16 2.10 -10.99
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry 2.90 2.90 7.59 6.82 7.16 6.76 4.09 8.33 -4.04
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 4.88 6.14 7.71 4.94 4.24 5.50 5.49 3.88 -2.24
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

(US Dollars / tce)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal .. 49.88 31.85 50.45 53.20 66.43 90.65 88.37 86.87
Heavy Fuel Oil 105.18 179.15 174.87 150.29 193.13 221.90 252.39 397.84 467.45
Natural Gas .. .. 110.22 131.07 166.74 173.38 177.29 234.48 271.71
For Industry
Steam Coal .. 86.47 79.67 53.26 69.48 73.37 67.16 78.79 79.99
Coking Coal 70.23 83.99 82.07 80.19 86.28 92.33 118.78 148.21 161.57
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 105.18 179.15 174.87 150.29 193.13 221.90 252.39 397.84 467.45
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. 98.09 136.10 167.61 178.03 179.14 237.03 274.31

(New Turkish Lira / unit)(2)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal .. 0.00 0.02 9.01 22.98 28.53 36.93 33.83 35.49
Heavy Fuel Oil 0.00 0.02 0.63 128.86 400.47 457.39 493.59 731.11 916.73
Natural Gas .. .. 0.37 105.36 324.14 335.05 325.05 403.98 499.57
For Industry
Steam Coal .. 0.00 0.13 20.22 63.78 66.95 58.15 64.10 69.45
Coking Coal 0.00 0.01 0.19 43.69 113.69 120.93 147.60 173.07 201.34
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 0.00 0.02 0.63 128.86 400.47 457.39 493.59 731.11 916.73
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas .. .. 0.33 109.40 325.83 344.04 328.43 408.38 504.33
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL*

(Mtce)

1973 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Imports 0.01 0.82 6.02 13.30 11.92 15.57 16.00 16.74 12.86
Hard Coal 0.01 0.82 6.01 12.57 11.22 15.06 15.61 16.33 12.66
Coking Coal .. 0.82 4.25 6.27 5.20 4.89 5.00 5.23 5.31
Steam Coal .. - 1.76 6.30 6.03 10.17 10.61 11.10 7.35
Brown Coal / Lignite - - 0.01 0.00 - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) - - - 0.72 0.69 0.51 0.39 0.41 0.20

Total Exports - 0.07 - - - 0.01 - - -

Hard Coal - 0.00 - - - - - - -
Coking Coal .. 0.00 - - - - - - -
Steam Coal .. - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal / Lignite - 0.07 - - - 0.01 - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

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9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Hard Coal 475 945 5557 12990 11693 16166 16427 17360 13242

Coking Coal 475 945 3717 6202 5148 4755 4784 4943 5020
Australia - - 1318 2793 1862 1209 776 882 678
Canada - - 51 847 1579 854 1354 1175 1045
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany 70 - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - 100 230 209 - 187 -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - 6 -
United States 405 945 2011 2150 786 1278 1571 1810 1270
Other OECD - - - - - - - - -

China, People's Rep. - - - - 57 - 25 101 -

Colombia - - - - - - - - -
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - - - - - - - -
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - 337 259 510 727 554 574 2027
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - 124 478 504 208 -
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - 53 - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - - -

Steam Coal - - 1840 6788 6545 11411 11643 12417 8222

Australia - - - - - 50 - 24 -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - 56 17 38 - -
United Kingdom - - - 69 - - - 1 -
United States - - 58 - 25 - - - -
Other OECD - - - 21 12 - - - -

China, People's Rep. - - - - 120 1045 1441 1517 -

Colombia - - - - - 1825 1567 2456 -
Indonesia - - - - - 46 97 - -
South Africa - - 1252 1440 1144 2299 1940 1448 2215
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - 530 5023 4840 5990 6215 6198 5287
Other Former USSR (3) - - - 174 281 78 146 611 720
Venezuela - - - - - - - 11 -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - 61 67 61 199 151 -
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce) Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)
400 120

350
100
300
80
250

200 60

150
40
100
20
50

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal/TPES
Coal Oil Gas Nuclear Renewables Coal/Population
Coal/GDP

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

140 140

120 120

100 100

80 80

60 60

40 40

20 20

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Production Coal Supply Electricity and Heat Other Transformation
Exports Imports Industry Other Use

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh) Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2)
450 700
400
600
350
500
300

250 400

200 300
150
200
100

50 100

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal Oil Gas Hydro Nuclear Other Coal Oil Gas Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

TPES (Mtce) 315.31 287.55 303.11 334.09 333.52 334.19 332.17 -0.23 0.65
Coal 109.18 98.28 90.16 52.84 53.36 53.83 59.65 -1.12 -3.38
Oil 159.36 117.42 118.04 119.52 118.86 120.98 120.89 -1.75 0.16
Gas 35.87 57.59 67.41 124.82 124.80 121.25 115.69 3.78 3.99
Comb. Renew/Waste - - 0.90 2.75 4.91 5.71 5.71 - 13.14
Nuclear 10.42 13.78 24.48 31.67 29.78 30.39 27.99 5.15 1.45
Hydro 0.47 0.48 0.64 0.62 0.61 0.61 0.56 1.78 -0.32
Geothermal - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.02 0.13 0.27 0.40 0.56 - 24.09
Net Electricity trade(1) 0.01 0.00 1.47 1.74 0.92 1.02 1.13 36.14 -2.38
Heat(2) - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries.
(2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

GDP (2000 bil. US$) 821 877 1135 1442 1597 1627 1672 1.93 2.43
TPES/GDP(1) 0.38 0.33 0.27 0.23 0.21 0.21 0.20 -2.12 -1.73
Population (millions) 56.2 56.3 57.2 58.9 59.8 60.2 60.6 0.11 0.34
TPES/population(1) 5.61 5.10 5.30 5.67 5.57 5.55 5.48 -0.34 0.31
TPES/GDP(2) 165.8 141.5 115.3 100.0 90.1 88.7 85.8 -2.12 -1.73
Coal Supply/GDP(2) 363.1 305.9 216.8 100.0 91.2 90.3 97.4 -2.99 -5.67
Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 124.3 117.0 105.8 100.0 92.9 92.9 .. -0.94 -0.86
Elec. Generation (TWh) 281 284 318 374 393 398 395 0.72 1.51
Industrial Production(2) 75.1 73.5 87.7 100.0 97.0 95.3 95.4 0.92 0.56
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators
(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita.
(2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Average annual
percent change
1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 78-90 90-05

Mtce:
Coking Coal 14.68 9.68 1.60 0.26 0.35 0.29 0.28 -16.87 -10.78
Steam Coal 84.26 95.97 75.00 26.28 20.94 16.52 14.30 -0.97 -9.59
Brown Coal - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -

Mt:
Coking Coal 15.11 10.05 1.60 0.26 0.35 0.27 0.27 -17.06 -11.10
Steam Coal 108.47 120.05 91.16 30.94 24.74 20.22 17.50 -1.44 -9.55
Brown Coal - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
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4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL*

(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 73-90 90-05
(1)
TFC 210.19 193.15 207.68 231.13 229.64 232.18 231.71 -0.07 0.73
Coal 37.81 20.11 15.39 5.68 4.44 4.28 3.63 -5.15 -9.18
Oil 109.98 90.78 98.28 105.71 106.46 109.31 111.46 -0.66 0.84
Gas 33.77 53.31 59.68 74.89 73.99 74.29 71.51 3.41 1.21
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - 0.59 0.88 0.82 0.83 0.77 - 1.79
Geothermal - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.04 - 7.29
Electricity 28.63 28.79 33.72 40.47 41.31 41.65 42.42 0.97 1.54
Heat - 0.17 - 3.48 2.59 1.79 1.88 - -
of which:
Total Industry 75.80 56.54 45.59 47.70 46.12 44.95 44.79 -2.95 -0.12
Coal 19.06 8.51 9.11 3.37 3.07 3.10 2.78 -4.25 -7.61
Oil 31.06 17.84 9.11 8.06 8.79 9.12 9.57 -6.96 0.33
Gas 14.47 19.30 14.86 20.27 18.37 16.98 16.44 0.16 0.68
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - 0.14 0.40 0.31 0.31 0.17 - 1.41
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 11.21 10.72 12.36 14.02 13.93 14.24 14.60 0.58 1.11
Heat - 0.17 - 1.57 1.64 1.20 1.23 - -
Total Transport 44.24 48.50 66.39 76.54 77.07 79.31 80.85 2.42 1.32
Coal 0.08 0.05 0.00 - - - - -18.29 -
Oil 43.84 48.07 65.74 75.48 76.04 78.25 79.68 2.41 1.29
Gas - - - - - - - - -
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - - 0.02 0.02 0.12 - -
Electricity 0.32 0.37 0.65 1.06 1.01 1.04 1.06 4.23 3.31
Residential 48.19 51.39 53.30 61.56 63.39 63.93 61.91 0.60 1.00
Coal 15.74 9.65 4.97 2.23 1.35 1.16 0.82 -6.56 -11.30
Oil 5.64 3.82 3.37 4.39 4.82 4.42 4.19 -2.99 1.47
Gas 15.60 27.33 33.20 40.88 42.71 43.81 42.21 4.54 1.61
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - 0.25 0.25 0.27 0.27 0.27 - 0.50
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 11.22 10.58 11.52 13.74 14.22 14.19 14.35 0.16 1.47
Heat - - - 0.06 0.02 0.07 0.07 - -
Comm & Public Services 19.13 18.28 18.43 24.10 22.98 23.31 23.19 -0.22 1.54
Coal 2.82 1.87 1.29 0.06 0.01 0.01 0.02 -4.51 -24.83
Oil 8.47 6.71 4.49 2.04 0.98 1.20 1.26 -3.67 -8.13
Gas 2.45 3.08 3.90 8.93 9.27 9.78 9.32 2.77 5.98
Comb. Renew/Waste - - 0.05 0.11 0.13 0.13 0.12 - 5.58
Geothermal - - - - - - - - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 5.40 6.62 8.71 11.12 11.65 11.66 11.90 2.85 2.10
Heat - - - 1.85 0.93 0.52 0.58 - -
Non-Energy Use 17.04 9.99 15.60 16.19 16.37 16.47 16.71 -0.52 0.46
Coal - - - - - - - - -
Oil 17.04 9.99 13.38 14.67 15.26 15.36 15.64 -1.41 1.05
Gas - - 2.22 1.52 1.11 1.11 1.07 - -4.72
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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5. COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

Production 108.4 105.7 76.6 26.5 21.3 16.8 14.6 -2.0 -9.6
Imports 1.6 6.4 14.7 22.2 33.1 39.7 46.2 13.9 6.8
Exports -2.8 -4.4 -2.6 -1.1 -0.8 -0.7 -0.5 -0.6 -8.3
Stock Changes 2.0 -9.4 1.4 5.2 -0.2 -2.0 -0.6 x x
Primary Supply 109.2 98.3 90.2 52.8 53.4 53.8 59.6 -1.1 -3.4
Statistical Difference 3.3 -0.0 -0.8 -2.4 -0.2 -1.9 .. x x
Total Transformation -70.9 e -76.3 e -72.9 e -43.0 e -47.5 e -46.9 e .. 0.2 -2.9
Electricity and Heat Gen. -65.0 -73.9 -69.0 e -39.1 -44.7 -44.0 .. 0.4 -3.0
Main activity producers (1) -65.0 -71.6 -66.9 -35.7 -41.6 -40.9 .. 0.2 -3.2
Autoproducers - -2.3 -2.1 e -3.4 -3.1 -3.1 .. - 2.5
Gas Works -0.4 -0.0 - - - - .. - -
(2)
Coal Transformation -5.5 e -2.4 e -3.9 e -3.9 e -2.8 e -2.9 e .. -2.1 -1.9
BKB plants - - - - - - .. - -
Blast Furnaces -2.3 e -0.9 e -2.6 e -3.0 e -2.5 e -2.6 e .. 0.8 0.1
Coke Ovens -3.2 -1.4 -1.1 -0.9 -0.3 -0.3 .. -6.2 -7.9
Patent Fuel plants -0.0 -0.0 -0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 .. 9.7 -
Other transformation(3) - - - 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. - -
Own use -3.2 -1.9 -1.1 -1.5 -1.2 -1.1 .. -6.1 0.1
Distribution Losses -0.5 - - -0.2 -0.3 -0.3 .. x x
(4)
Final Consumption 37.8 20.1 15.4 5.7 4.3 3.6 .. -5.1 -9.2
(5)
Industry sector 19.1 8.5 9.1 3.4 3.1 2.8 .. -4.2 -7.6
Iron and Steel 9.0 e 3.6 e 3.9 e 1.2 e 1.3 e 1.2 e .. -4.8 -7.6
Chemical 0.3 0.2 0.9 0.0 0.1 0.1 .. 7.5 -13.0
Non-metallic minerals 3.4 2.5 1.4 1.1 1.0 0.9 .. -5.3 -2.5
Paper, pulp and print 1.2 0.1 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.1 .. -4.3 -10.0
Transport sector(6) 0.1 0.1 0.0 - - - .. -18.3 -
(7)
Other Sectors 18.7 11.5 6.3 2.3 1.2 0.8 .. -6.2 -12.5
Comm. and pub. services 2.8 1.9 1.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 .. -4.5 -24.8
Residential 15.7 9.6 5.0 2.2 1.2 0.8 .. -6.6 -11.3
Non-energy Use - - - - - - .. - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by
* the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

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6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES*

(million tonnes) Average annual
percent change
1978 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 78-90 90-05
Steam Coal 105.68 111.98 96.21 51.02 55.96 54.09 55.29 -0.78 -3.63
Total Electricity and Heat 83.21 91.98 84.01 46.85 53.09 50.92 52.54 0.08 -3.08
Main activity producers 80.64 89.57 82.56 44.76 50.90 48.97 50.58 0.20 -3.21
Autoproducers 2.57 2.41 1.46 2.09 2.19 1.95 1.96 -4.59 1.97
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants 1.19 1.10 0.78 0.54 0.40 0.33 0.27 -3.51 -6.90
Coke Ovens 1.85 1.90 - - - - - - -
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture 0.01 0.00 - - - - - - -
Industry sector 6.19 5.47 5.25 1.88 1.86 1.85 1.79 -1.36 -6.92
Iron and Steel 0.11 0.12 0.01 0.00 - - - -16.73 -
Chemical 0.03 0.02 1.04 0.03 0.07 0.15 0.14 35.13 -12.46
Non-metallic minerals 3.09 3.03 1.50 1.24 1.20 1.13 1.12 -5.84 -1.93
Paper, Pulp and Print 0.32 0.18 0.63 0.12 0.13 0.14 0.14 5.93 -9.45
Other industry 2.65 2.12 2.07 0.48 0.46 0.43 0.39 -2.04 -10.56
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 12.17 10.67 5.43 1.95 1.06 0.96 0.64 -6.51 -13.33
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Coking Coal 14.99 11.63 10.52 8.85 6.91 6.48 6.51 -2.91 -3.15
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens 14.91 11.61 10.09 8.23 5.73 5.49 5.56 -3.21 -3.89
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - 0.66 0.45 0.82 0.82 0.98 - 2.74
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector - - 0.11 0.01 0.07 0.08 0.06 - -4.52
Iron and Steel - - 0.11 0.01 0.07 0.08 0.06 - -4.52
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal/Lignite - - - - - - - - -
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector - - - - - - - - -
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

(US Dollars / tce)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal 52.22 91.69 96.27 54.98 55.06 56.88 73.96 81.21 86.79
Heavy Fuel Oil 67.68 141.40 66.97 128.54 133.23 179.63 184.44 272.73 302.86
Natural Gas 52.95 93.22 c 80.87 82.59 100.81 126.07 166.93 210.73
For Industry
Steam Coal 49.78 91.32 88.51 59.29 65.04 70.32 86.73 99.67 99.06
Coking Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 72.87 151.43 95.94 135.89 144.01 x x x x
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. 180.51 197.13 266.25 307.96
Natural Gas 67.84 126.11 123.24 81.39 113.86 128.07 157.56 232.41 298.51

(Pounds Sterling / unit)(2)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal 21.97 31.84 43.77 29.35 29.66 28.11 32.61 36.07 38.06
Heavy Fuel Oil 49.72 85.73 53.16 119.80 125.30 155.01 141.99 211.50 231.88
Natural Gas 35.47 51.54 c 68.73 70.83 79.32 88.50 118.04 147.12
For Industry
Steam Coal 23.25 35.20 44.67 35.13 38.89 38.58 42.45 49.14 48.22
Coking Coal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 53.53 91.81 76.16 126.65 135.44 x x x x
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. 155.77 151.76 206.48 235.78
Natural Gas 45.44 69.72 89.21 69.17 97.64 100.77 110.61 164.35 208.40
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL*

(Mtce)

1973 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Imports 1.60 6.42 14.75 22.18 25.83 29.32 33.08 39.73 46.17
Hard Coal 1.38 6.26 14.38 21.70 25.58 28.38 32.07 38.85 45.22
Coking Coal .. 2.32 8.84 8.34 6.22 6.38 6.25 6.45 6.77
Steam Coal .. 3.94 5.54 13.36 19.36 22.00 25.82 32.40 38.45
Brown Coal / Lignite - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 0.23 0.16 0.37 0.48 0.25 0.94 1.01 0.88 0.95

Total Exports 2.85 4.41 2.56 1.13 0.91 0.73 0.80 0.70 0.55
Hard Coal 2.22 3.24 2.17 0.68 0.54 0.54 0.62 0.57 0.37
Coking Coal .. 0.03 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00
Steam Coal .. 3.20 2.12 0.67 0.53 0.54 0.61 0.57 0.37
Brown Coal / Lignite - - - - - - - - -
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 0.62 1.18 0.39 0.45 0.37 0.19 0.18 0.13 0.17
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

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9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Hard Coal 2352 7334 14783 23446 28686 31891 36153 43968 51276

Coking Coal 1383 2407 8614 8462 6315 6474 6345 6551 6874
Australia 380 518 2966 4880 4230 4409 4140 3532 3914
Canada - - 961 1633 750 839 715 1084 1282
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany 207 - 2 - - - - - -
Poland 375 403 794 - 1 - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States 421 1486 3791 1936 1286 1089 1342 1210 1332
Other OECD - - 7 2 - 14 - - 20

China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -

Colombia - - - - - - - - -
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - - - - - - - -
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - 93 11 48 123 148 697 298
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - 28 -
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - - 28

Steam Coal 969 4927 6169 14984 22371 25417 29808 37417 44402
Australia 645 2329 67 1222 864 1255 2040 933 151
Canada - - 24 - - - 25 - -
Czech Republic - - 2 - - - - - -
Germany 53 81 248 - 10 2 13 17 44
Poland 41 43 250 1107 1596 1902 1208 647 856
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States 1 2167 1641 837 280 65 723 299 793
Other OECD 73 78 1868 205 522 513 465 294 263

China, People's Rep. - - 69 143 289 214 235 134 34

Colombia - - 956 5649 3556 3411 3635 3297 4068
Indonesia - - - 9 45 402 1458 1618 2145
South Africa 26 66 356 4756 9876 12221 10149 13034 13077
Former USSR(2) 106 46 - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - 499 480 4326 5264 9784 16829 22550
Other Former USSR (3) - - - 5 915 72 11 90 421
Venezuela - - 169 208 - 44 39 - -
Vietnam - - - 123 86 45 23 - -
Non-Specified/Other 24 117 20 240 6 7 - 225 -
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Exports 2176 4007 2258 656 534 540 613 533 349
Exports to:
Total OECD 2174 4005 1960 653 532 535 610 528 347
Australia - - 1 - - - - - -
Austria - - - - - - - - -
Belgium 113 185 67 73 59 80 65 84 3
Canada - - - - - 1 1 1 -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - 1
Denmark 125 606 366 12 18 13 1 4 5
Finland 6 7 204 - - - - - -
France 950 1474 271 77 65 52 51 33 -
Germany 446 1116 214 13 47 1 8 1 -
Greece - - - - - 2 - - -
Hungary - - - - - - - - -
Iceland - - 18 - - - - 3 17
Ireland 202 289 246 265 243 303 378 309 248
Italy 53 9 - 1 1 - - - -
Japan - - - - - - - - -
Korea - - - - - - - - -
Luxembourg - - - - - - - - -
Mexico - - - - - - - - -
Netherlands 168 221 25 15 2 - 4 3 -
New Zealand - - - - - - - - -
Norway 79 63 145 158 88 78 87 85 9
Poland - - - - - - - - -
Portugal 3 5 178 - - - - - -
Slovak Republic - - - - - - - - -
Spain 3 - 138 31 - - 8 - 64
Sweden 26 30 87 8 9 5 7 5 -
Switzerland - - - - - - - - -
Turkey - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States - - - - - - - - -

Total Non-OECD 2 2 289 3 2 5 3 5 2

Brazil - - 5 - - - - - -
Chinese Taipei - - - - - - - - -
Egypt - - 1 1 - 1 1 1 -
Hong Kong, China - - - 1 - - - - -
India - - 1 - 1 1 1 1 1
Israel - - - - - - - - -
Romania - - - - - - - - -
Oth. Africa & Mid. East 2 1 282 - - 1 - - -
Other Latin America - - - - - - - - -
Other Asia & Oceania - - - 1 1 2 1 3 1
Other Eastern Europe - 1 - - - - - - -

Non-Specified/Other - - 9 - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN*

(Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne)

1988 1990 1995 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Coking Coal(1) 56.46 72.56 57.61 53.14 56.81 57.34 77.73 116.05 128.51
Imports from:
Australia 50.01 76.77 56.28 50.80 55.78 55.51 76.33 127.10 136.58
Canada 53.83 67.89 55.72 53.87 57.48 62.49 78.05 99.81 117.54
Czech Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Poland 57.88 65.40 53.12 .. 106.50 .. .. .. ..
United States 60.84 72.53 60.78 59.06 60.38 64.91 80.05 113.10 127.10
China .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Colombia .. .. 59.04 .. .. 166.16 .. .. ..
South Africa .. .. .. 54.29 .. 34.94 .. .. ..
Former USSR(2) 44.37 46.86 59.92 .. 41.33 45.07 94.26 91.89 71.41

Steam Coal(3) 64.91 68.56 45.19 45.66 40.48 44.03 65.02 70.24 69.91
Imports from:
Australia 67.76 95.59 41.59 41.92 38.24 44.56 62.29 85.03 72.19
Canada 56.77 59.29 .. .. .. .. 69.05 .. 2529.04
Czech Republic 88.97 101.88 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Poland 91.08 84.94 51.92 49.06 39.22 38.03 65.64 71.87 65.00
United States 71.64 69.28 44.64 42.65 36.57 48.52 68.02 83.66 62.86
China 41.43 73.47 .. 50.80 55.76 58.82 80.81 98.27 150.04
Colombia 72.89 73.07 43.65 40.40 40.39 42.59 66.01 70.13 70.11
South Africa 58.27 .. 43.16 48.21 40.40 44.35 63.57 69.27 69.85
Former USSR(2) 47.68 53.72 50.58 47.29 40.32 45.22 68.03 70.78 70.67
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.
(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade.
(2) Former USSR until 1991, Russia starting in 1992.
(3) Bituminous steam coal only. Weighted average of individual countries using volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce) Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)
4000 160

3500 140

3000 120

2500 100

2000 80

1500 60

1000 40

500 20

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal/TPES
Coal Oil Gas Nuclear Renewables Coal/Population
Coal/GDP

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

900 900

800 800

700 700

600 600

500 500

400 400

300 300

200 200

100 100

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Production Coal Supply Electricity and Heat Other Transformation
Exports Imports Industry Other Use

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh) Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2)
4500 7000
4000
6000
3500
5000
3000

2500 4000

2000 3000
1500
2000
1000

500 1000

0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Coal Oil Gas Hydro Nuclear Other Coal Oil Gas Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

TPES (Mtce) 2480.64 2588.07 2753.51 3295.20 3326.51 3343.27 3318.07 0.62 1.30
Coal 444.36 537.47 654.72 776.54 783.96 793.79 784.73 2.31 1.29
Oil 1177.13 1148.43 1100.36 1272.85 1353.53 1361.19 1343.74 -0.40 1.43
Gas 735.01 681.12 627.40 787.29 731.60 727.73 717.97 -0.93 0.99
Comb. Renew/Waste 53.57 77.84 88.94 104.62 103.87 105.73 110.05 3.03 1.16
Nuclear 33.20 99.10 227.69 296.99 302.80 301.83 303.55 11.99 1.90
Hydro 32.60 34.25 33.56 31.11 33.31 33.47 35.76 0.17 -0.02
Geothermal 3.01 6.57 20.14 18.70 12.28 12.33 14.91 11.83 -3.22
Solar, Wind, Tide - - 0.46 2.94 3.77 4.15 5.19 - 15.83
Net Electricity trade(1) 1.75 3.28 0.24 4.17 1.39 3.04 2.17 -10.97 18.33
Heat(2) - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries.
(2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

GDP (2000 bil. US$) 4305 5128 7055 9765 10652 10996 11361 2.95 3.00
TPES/GDP(1) 0.58 0.50 0.39 0.34 0.31 0.30 0.29 -2.27 -1.65
Population (millions) 211.9 227.7 250.2 282.4 293.9 296.7 299.3 0.98 1.14
TPES/population(1) 11.70 11.36 11.01 11.67 11.32 11.27 11.08 -0.36 0.16
TPES/GDP(2) 170.8 149.6 115.7 100.0 92.5 90.1 86.5 -2.27 -1.65
Coal Supply/GDP(2) 129.8 131.8 116.7 100.0 92.6 90.8 86.9 -0.62 -1.66
Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 108.1 110.2 104.2 100.0 94.8 94.4 .. -0.22 -0.65
Elec. Generation (TWh) 1966 2427 3203 4026 4148 4268 4260 2.91 1.93
Industrial Production(2) 48.6 54.2 66.3 100.0 100.0 103.2 107.3 1.84 2.99
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators
(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita.
(2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Average annual
percent change
1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 78-90 90-05

Mtce:
Coking Coal 93.39 119.23 94.46 54.98 43.27 44.39 42.63 0.10 -4.91
Steam Coal 417.75 499.84 637.06 686.00 710.25 724.69 742.79 3.58 0.86
Brown Coal 15.55 20.81 38.69 37.35 36.71 36.92 37.06 7.89 -0.31
Peat - - - - - - - - -

Mt:
Coking Coal 92.20 117.72 93.26 54.29 44.22 46.44 44.60 0.10 -4.54
Steam Coal 484.60 592.46 760.39 839.69 899.12 916.00 944.92 3.83 1.25
Brown Coal 31.16 42.78 79.91 77.62 75.79 76.15 76.43 8.16 -0.32
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
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4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL*

(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 73-90 90-05
(1)
TFC 1889.84 1885.48 1866.83 2237.10 2244.18 2285.34 2283.01 -0.07 1.35
Coal 105.35 80.23 77.69 44.77 45.23 48.17 43.44 -1.78 -3.80
Oil 1001.45 996.70 996.91 1163.45 1195.91 1237.54 1239.58 -0.03 1.46
Gas 524.73 482.02 432.84 514.12 488.90 477.04 460.49 -1.13 0.41
Comb. Renew/Wastes 53.46 77.69 32.27 74.50 66.13 70.52 74.79 -2.93 5.76
Geothermal - - 0.48 0.74 1.07 1.07 1.22 - 6.40
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - 2.06 1.81 1.81 1.76 - -
Electricity 204.84 248.85 323.55 429.91 438.28 444.79 457.07 2.73 2.33
Heat - - 3.07 7.54 6.84 4.40 4.66 - 2.81
of which:
Total Industry 563.08 561.54 407.91 473.23 412.98 423.73 410.99 -1.88 0.05
Coal 85.93 68.92 64.06 41.54 41.91 43.83 40.11 -1.71 -3.07
Oil 103.70 135.99 67.48 37.07 41.16 49.35 50.70 -2.50 -1.89
Gas 253.29 216.47 156.98 196.97 170.55 170.13 157.16 -2.77 0.01
Comb. Renew/Wastes 40.82 48.48 12.94 51.22 41.08 43.49 45.69 -6.54 8.78
Geothermal - - - 0.16 0.14 0.14 0.15 - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 79.34 91.67 106.46 140.32 112.75 113.31 113.50 1.74 0.43
Heat - - - 5.96 5.40 3.48 3.68 - -
Total Transport 600.61 618.54 717.22 870.73 899.58 912.97 926.30 1.05 1.72
Coal - - - - - - - - -
Oil 576.02 597.09 694.70 843.95 870.47 882.62 893.54 1.11 1.69
Gas 24.06 21.07 22.01 21.68 20.36 19.52 20.23 -0.52 -0.56
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - 4.55 7.91 9.95 11.61 - -
Electricity 0.53 0.38 0.51 0.54 0.84 0.89 0.92 -0.22 4.07
Residential 340.53 308.72 300.28 377.74 387.93 380.92 385.45 -0.74 1.68
Coal 4.20 2.24 2.10 1.94 e - - - -4.00 -
Oil 103.61 60.55 38.15 46.07 44.89 43.90 41.57 -5.71 0.57
Gas 161.56 157.78 146.51 166.04 169.96 161.97 160.19 -0.57 0.60
Comb. Renew/Wastes - - - 14.82 14.02 14.02 14.36 - -
Geothermal - - - 0.31 0.50 0.50 0.57 - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - 2.06 1.81 1.81 1.76 - -
Electricity 71.17 88.15 113.52 146.50 156.74 158.73 166.99 2.78 2.61
Heat - - - - - - - - -
Comm & Public Services 212.85 203.96 227.77 276.08 284.77 287.14 289.57 0.40 1.61
Coal 4.87 2.60 3.41 1.30 e 2.81 3.51 2.72 -2.08 -1.49
Oil 70.11 46.02 30.72 24.06 24.80 25.54 24.10 -4.74 -1.61
Gas 85.83 86.69 87.50 104.53 105.11 102.56 101.78 0.11 1.01
Comb. Renew/Waste - - - 1.77 2.91 3.01 2.86 - -
Geothermal - - - 0.27 0.43 0.43 0.49 - -
Solar, Wind, Tide - - - - - - - - -
Electricity 52.03 68.65 103.06 142.55 147.27 151.17 156.65 4.10 2.83
Heat - - 3.07 e 1.58 e 1.43 e 0.92 e 0.98 e - -7.35
Non-Energy Use 126.32 137.37 164.87 216.79 218.85 235.54 227.42 1.58 2.17
Coal - - - - - - - - -
Oil 126.32 137.37 145.03 191.89 195.92 212.67 206.29 0.82 2.38
Gas - - 19.84 24.89 22.93 22.87 21.13 - 0.42
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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5. COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1973 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006e 73-90 90-05

Production 476.2 639.9 770.2 778.3 790.2 806.0 822.5 2.9 0.3
Imports 1.0 1.5 3.0 13.8 28.9 28.8 34.1 6.4 16.4
Exports -44.3 -83.0 -95.6 -52.3 -43.3 -45.6 -44.2 4.6 -4.8
Stock Changes 11.4 -21.0 -22.9 36.8 8.1 4.6 -27.6 x x
Primary Supply 444.4 537.5 654.7 776.5 784.0 793.8 784.7 2.3 1.3
Statistical Difference 18.1 -11.1 3.9 6.5 -14.8 -15.8 .. x x
Total Transformation -348.6 e -442.6 e -579.2 e -736.3 e -717.5 e -731.6 e .. 3.0 1.6
Electricity and Heat Gen. -309.9 -417.2 -559.1 e -716.9 e -708.1 -722.6 .. 3.5 1.7
Main activity producers (1) -309.9 -417.2 -552.8 -700.1 e -698.6 -714.1 .. 3.5 1.7
Autoproducers - - -6.3 e -16.8 e -9.5 -8.5 .. - 2.0
Gas Works -0.1 - -2.7 e -2.7 -2.5 -2.7 .. 26.3 -0.1
(2)
Coal Transformation -38.7 e -25.3 e -17.3 e -16.6 e -6.9 e -6.3 e .. -4.6 -6.6
BKB plants - - - - - - .. - -
Blast Furnaces -25.8 e -16.2 e -11.4 e -10.9 e -9.6 e -8.8 e .. -4.7 -1.7
Coke Ovens -12.9 -9.1 -5.9 -5.7 e -2.7 -4.1 .. -4.5 -2.5
Patent Fuel plants - - - - 5.5 6.6 .. - -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - .. - -
Own use -8.5 -3.6 -1.8 -2.0 e -3.5 -2.9 .. -8.8 3.4
Distribution Losses - - - - - - .. x x
(4)
Final Consumption 105.4 80.2 77.7 44.8 48.2 43.4 .. -1.8 -3.8
(5)
Industry sector 85.9 68.9 64.1 41.5 43.8 40.1 .. -1.7 -3.1
Iron and Steel 48.4 e 29.6 e 17.0 e 10.2 e 6.1 e 3.2 e .. -6.0 -10.6
Chemical 11.9 11.2 12.4 e 9.3 e 7.5 7.0 .. 0.2 -3.7
Non-metallic minerals 5.2 10.0 10.9 11.1 10.7 10.5 .. 4.5 -0.3
Paper, pulp and print 6.8 7.1 10.2 3.6 6.5 6.5 .. 2.4 -3.0
Transport sector(6) - - - - - - .. - -
(7)
Other Sectors 19.4 11.3 13.6 3.2 4.3 3.3 .. -2.1 -9.0
Comm. and pub. services 4.9 2.6 3.4 1.3 e 3.5 2.7 .. -2.1 -1.5
Residential 4.2 2.2 2.1 1.9 e - - .. -4.0 -
Non-energy Use - - - - - - .. - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by
* the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

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6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES*

(million tonnes) Average annual
percent change
1978 1980 1990 2000 2003 2004 2005 78-90 90-05
Steam Coal 484.73 546.58 701.66 866.16 879.34 913.15 932.69 3.13 1.92
Total Electricity and Heat 408.08 478.66 637.00 835.53 748.40 757.53 763.06 3.78 1.21
Main activity producers 408.08 478.66 630.72 820.06 740.51 749.86 756.56 3.70 1.22
Autoproducers - - 6.27 15.48 7.89 7.67 6.50 - 0.24
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - 102.19 107.54 119.90 - -
Coke Ovens - - - - e - - - - -
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - 0.18 2.50 1.85 1.73 1.28 - 13.87
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector 44.63 44.80 52.17 35.77 36.06 35.73 35.28 1.31 -2.57
Iron and Steel 3.66 2.45 1.70 1.35 0.65 0.67 0.28 -6.21 -11.34
Chemical 10.08 12.67 14.26 10.51 7.98 7.08 7.17 2.93 -4.48
Non-metallic minerals 11.51 11.27 11.97 12.23 11.19 11.50 11.33 0.32 -0.36
Paper, Pulp and Print 7.54 8.05 11.28 4.07 6.67 6.42 6.76 3.41 -3.35
Other industry 11.83 10.37 12.98 7.62 9.57 10.06 9.74 0.77 -1.90
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 8.54 5.34 5.99 3.68 3.24 4.05 3.12 -2.91 -4.25
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Coking Coal 68.89 61.46 35.27 25.96 21.94 21.46 20.89 -5.43 -3.43
Total Electricity and Heat - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - 2.42 2.60 2.90 - -
Coke Ovens 64.77 60.47 35.27 25.96 e 19.58 18.87 18.36 -4.94 -4.26
Blast Furnaces Inputs - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - - - - - - - -
Industry sector - - - - - - - - -
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry - - - - - - - - -
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) - - - - - - - - -
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Brown Coal/Lignite 30.77 42.13 79.02 74.27 78.89 76.12 76.14 8.18 -0.25
Total Electricity and Heat 28.49 37.78 72.04 70.01 72.76 69.87 70.49 8.04 -0.14
Main activity producers 28.49 37.78 70.94 68.76 70.67 67.75 68.44 7.90 -0.24
Autoproducers - - 1.10 1.25 2.09 2.12 2.06 - 4.29
Patent Fuel/BKB Plants - - - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Gas manufacture - - 5.64 5.67 5.53 4.87 5.39 - -0.29
Industry sector 2.19 2.80 1.24 1.42 0.34 0.27 0.28 -4.61 -9.41
Iron and Steel - - - - - - - - -
Chemical - 0.17 0.23 0.24 0.25 0.23 0.24 - 0.17
Non-metallic minerals - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 - 7.60
Paper, Pulp and Print - - - - - - - - -
Other industry 2.19 2.63 1.01 1.18 0.09 0.03 0.04 -6.27 -19.90
Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) 0.09 0.13 0.11 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.01 1.52 -18.57
Non-energy use - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

(US Dollars / tce)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal 29.96 36.39 38.52 31.51 32.91 33.33 35.48 40.50 44.24
Heavy Fuel Oil 62.13 124.76 97.68 125.20 107.87 139.97 142.64 205.30 235.13
Natural Gas 43.89 67.87 71.64 134.45 109.26 165.76 183.34 253.47 216.91
For Industry
Steam Coal 36.26 41.85 40.00 37.77 39.97 40.73 46.79 56.31 61.57
Coking Coal 48.94 61.20 52.01 48.41 55.73 55.15 66.99 91.26 100.79
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 52.81 100.43 76.81 118.29 111.14 137.22 144.77 207.40 241.83
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas 50.94 76.71 86.68 132.99 120.11 174.04 196.04 252.91 234.03

(US Dollars / unit)(2)

For Electricity Generation
Steam Coal 26.11 31.72 33.57 27.46 28.68 29.05 30.92 35.30 38.55
Heavy Fuel Oil 88.65 178.01 139.37 178.64 153.91 199.71 203.53 292.94 335.50
Natural Gas 56.43 87.26 92.11 172.86 140.48 213.12 235.72 325.89 278.88
For Industry
Steam Coal 33.57 38.74 37.03 34.97 37.00 37.70 43.32 52.12 57.00
Coking Coal 49.57 61.99 52.68 49.04 56.45 55.86 67.85 92.44 102.08
High Suplhur Fuel Oil 75.35 143.30 109.60 168.79 158.58 195.79 206.57 295.93 345.05
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Natural Gas 65.50 98.63 111.44 170.99 154.43 223.77 252.05 325.17 300.90
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL*

(Mtce)

1973 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Imports 1.03 1.53 2.96 13.78 17.66 23.65 28.94 28.82 34.09
Hard Coal 0.10 0.97 2.31 10.53 14.84 21.25 23.04 25.76 30.54
Coking Coal .. - - 1.57 2.29 1.61 1.88 1.51 1.45
Steam Coal .. 0.97 2.31 8.96 12.55 19.64 21.16 24.24 29.09
Brown Coal / Lignite - - - 0.04 0.06 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.09
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 0.92 0.56 0.65 3.21 2.76 2.35 5.84 3.00 3.46

Total Exports 44.33 82.98 95.58 52.33 34.07 36.45 43.30 45.65 44.19
Hard Coal 43.06 81.19 95.06 51.33 33.33 35.77 38.26 39.77 40.26
Coking Coal .. 57.98 58.31 30.16 20.25 20.77 22.49 24.01 23.04
Steam Coal .. 23.20 36.76 21.17 13.08 15.00 15.77 15.75 17.22
Brown Coal / Lignite - 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.06 0.06 0.10 0.11 0.09
Peat - - - - - - - - -
Coal Products(1) 1.27 1.76 0.49 0.97 0.67 0.61 4.95 5.77 3.84
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

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9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Hard Coal 2679 1083 2449 11271 16060 22614 24635 27506 32691

Coking Coal - - - 1547 2207 1556 1987 1603 1533

Australia - - - - 605 200 182 144 72
Canada - - - 1511 1593 1356 1735 1458 1461
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States - - - - - - - - -
Other OECD - - - - 9 - - - -

China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -

Colombia - - - - - - - - -
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - - - - - - - -
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - - - - - - -
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - 70 - -
Venezuela - - - 36 - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - 1 -

Steam Coal 2679 1083 2449 9724 13853 21058 22648 25903 31158
Australia 933 - 22 152 140 100 86 66 150
Canada 49 37 883 155 203 441 764 244 288
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Poland 645 287 - - 110 - 68 70 -
United Kingdom - - 5 - - 1 40 1 1
United States - - - - - - - - -
Other OECD - - - 6 29 49 103 39 96

China, People's Rep. - - - 18 56 136 132 18 39

Colombia - - 1296 6928 8351 14042 15115 19247 22990
Indonesia - - - 651 1746 1910 1979 2239 2855
South Africa 996 699 - - 70 71 31 70 56
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - - 79 62 240 357 853
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - 56 79 -
Venezuela - - 238 1813 3039 4196 4024 3387 3809
Vietnam - - - - - - - 85 -
Non-Specified/Other 56 60 5 1 30 50 10 1 21
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Exports 27433 57246 57568 29780 19539 20039 24349 26001 24946
Exports to:
Total OECD 23813 49478 47603 22696 15246 14779 17660 19414 17528
Australia - - - - - - - - -
Austria - - - - - - - 239 30
Belgium 956 2819 5532 2343 1690 1289 1016 1470 1596
Canada 5410 5694 3988 3501 4277 3263 3431 4034 4134
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Denmark - 141 50 - - - - - -
Finland - 20 86 288 147 200 212 260 301
France 1468 4082 4501 2197 1184 1159 1000 1116 1280
Germany 560 1549 636 419 360 130 206 473 927
Greece - 48 - - 17 - - - -
Hungary - - - 65 11 - - - 70
Iceland - 6 28 48 87 83 82 57 19
Ireland - 198 - - - - - - -
Italy 2905 5546 6377 3297 2355 2501 1786 2203 2975
Japan 8991 19914 10019 852 - 1 2876 1652 298
Korea 505 699 2908 1096 - - 223 727 132
Luxembourg - - - - - - - - -
Mexico - - 3 355 623 850 770 588 338
Netherlands 929 2390 3606 1735 1283 1345 1648 1548 1303
New Zealand - - - - - - - - -
Norway 68 252 99 42 13 17 32 18 -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
Portugal 265 305 234 198 - - 88 - -
Slovak Republic - - - - - - - - 54
Spain 688 2123 3156 1993 1120 1479 1313 1685 1222
Sweden 299 916 764 642 393 346 570 464 426
Switzerland - 99 - - - - 22 - -
Turkey 409 796 1906 1584 517 991 1151 1642 1106
United Kingdom 360 1881 3710 2041 1169 1125 1234 1238 1263
United States - - - - - - - - -

Total Non-OECD 3800 8624 10799 6698 4293 5260 6792 7165 7909
Brazil 1342 2864 5219 4093 3191 3006 3076 3113 3935
Chinese Taipei 205 148 357 116 - - 448 - -
Egypt 218 749 586 682 418 861 739 280 649
Hong Kong, China - - - - - - - - -
India - - - 22 9 18 764 1078 890
Israel - - 50 56 - - - - -
Romania 673 853 1559 443 - - 121 547 75
Oth. Africa & Mid. East 1 642 485 269 287 626 381 377 312
Other Latin America 914 1421 648 184 169 215 257 207 308
Other Asia & Oceania 24 25 21 - 7 - 366 - -
Other Eastern Europe 243 1018 1040 833 212 534 448 985 1174

Non-Specified/Other - 48 - 386 - - 89 - 129

Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Total Exports 9837 25981 38344 23226 16266 18857 19002 19094 19914
Exports to:
Total OECD 9370 24198 32669 21978 15902 18360 17217 16914 18449
Australia - - 1 - - - - - -
Austria - - - - - - - - -
Belgium - 1383 2178 278 458 348 555 411 363
Canada 8782 10136 10083 13524 10859 15569 12680 13625 13909
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Denmark - 1356 2842 70 - 261 67 66 348
Finland - 233 - - - 66 - - 360
France 38 2984 1740 564 - - - 28 195
Germany 36 746 320 467 508 355 376 133 569
Greece - 4 - - - - - - -
Hungary - - - - - - - - -
Iceland - - 15 - - - - - -
Ireland - 159 1322 456 633 216 - - -
Italy 22 924 4451 65 435 62 122 23 -
Japan 160 1014 2074 3181 1137 4 1139 236 4
Korea 300 552 719 508 273 177 665 580 383
Luxembourg - - - - - - - - -
Mexico - - 188 373 96 99 80 341 156
Netherlands 27 1834 3982 643 208 459 591 829 593
New Zealand - - 1 - - - - - -
Norway - - 62 74 20 - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
Portugal - 24 1386 343 115 406 317 143 267
Slovak Republic - - - - - - - - -
Spain - 970 282 441 614 126 67 - 250
Sweden - 4 21 - - - - 71 -
Switzerland - - - - - - - - -
Turkey 5 - 15 55 7 - - 67 -
United Kingdom - 1875 987 936 539 212 558 361 1052
United States - - - - - - - - -

Total Non-OECD 95 1699 5685 1037 281 369 1754 2065 1455
Brazil 11 98 79 22 17 182 883 693 176
Chinese Taipei - 530 3820 - - - 1 1 3
Egypt - - - - - - - - -
Hong Kong, China - - 108 1 - - - - -
India - - - - - - 224 217 71
Israel - - 530 - 119 - - - -
Romania - 413 - - - - 135 844 927
Oth. Africa & Mid. East 1 56 682 825 127 184 358 63 190
Other Latin America 82 575 402 49 18 3 95 89 10
Other Asia & Oceania 1 19 5 8 - - - - 4
Other Eastern Europe - 8 47 66 - - 29 115 74

Non-Specified/Other 372 84 2 277 83 128 60 158 10

Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN*

(Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne)

1988 1990 1995 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Coking Coal(1) .. .. .. 50.46 49.50 52.73 59.82 111.68 120.55

Imports from:
Australia .. .. .. .. 43.84 39.47 51.71 61.90 65.04
Canada .. .. .. 50.49 51.74 54.68 61.37 116.62 123.29
Czech Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Poland .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
United States .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
China .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Colombia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
South Africa .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Former USSR(2) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

Steam Coal(3) 29.67 36.86 36.50 35.14 37.61 33.76 40.10 47.39 50.55
Imports from:
Australia 53.06 45.99 34.16 38.90 36.50 33.45 34.61 35.09 48.18
Canada 29.50 26.95 35.65 34.77 44.17 49.29 54.05 69.63 60.63
Czech Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Poland .. .. .. 39.32 37.03 .. .. .. ..
United States .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
China .. .. .. 53.51 63.03 54.09 60.26 103.19 109.06
Colombia 37.02 40.64 34.33 31.71 33.87 31.35 38.17 47.17 51.34
South Africa .. .. .. 36.54 35.67 .. 104.43 .. 33.61
Former USSR(2) .. .. .. .. 42.00 59.59 94.40 63.72 57.81
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.
(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade.
(2) Former USSR until 1991, Russia starting in 1992.
(3) Bituminous steam coal only. Weighted average of individual countries using volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

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13. COAL EXPORT VALUES BY DESTINATION*

(Average Unit Value, FOB, US$/tonne)

1988 1990 1995 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Coking Coal(1) 48.69 51.55 48.47 45.88 50.06 49.11 70.14 89.91 111.72
Exports to:
Belgium 48.26 52.98 50.67 46.99 52.19 50.48 66.19 88.93 99.65
Canada 50.46 41.81 40.31 37.58 42.46 40.37 55.21 71.82 85.70
Denmark 29.75 30.83 x x x x x x x
Finland 46.00 49.30 47.01 47.63 48.40 48.12 65.30 86.04 90.82
France 48.37 49.93 49.69 48.54 54.96 55.56 71.81 99.69 102.30
Germany 48.68 51.40 52.38 x 37.13 38.11 50.95 111.12 108.85
Greece x x x x 56.00 x x x x
Ireland 46.65 x x x x x x x x
Italy 49.22 52.78 51.38 53.11 56.41 54.49 66.99 86.21 104.96
Japan 47.76 50.34 45.35 x x 56.01 98.14 100.61 89.80
Netherlands 46.72 51.94 51.32 48.90 55.39 52.13 72.20 93.04 95.44
Norway 65.44 66.52 x 88.78 93.84 96.37 99.46 109.84 x
Portugal 46.40 50.47 51.20 x x x 35.00 x x
Spain 49.56 53.97 53.04 50.95 51.54 49.47 49.70 77.98 97.67
Sweden 50.92 53.76 52.60 55.17 54.86 54.72 54.31 69.27 100.90
Switzerland x x x x x x 56.90 x x
Turkey 47.70 50.88 47.93 36.09 49.98 47.95 73.43 111.52 102.15
United Kingdom 49.42 53.46 51.83 47.73 49.98 50.77 61.35 92.21 108.20
Other OECD 47.41 54.78 46.14 46.65 49.66 53.09 69.06 71.24 104.28
Non-OECD 48.71 51.81 48.65 43.02 50.50 48.31 71.54 97.22 143.06

Steam Coal(1) 42.06 39.99 38.94 34.51 37.70 37.00 53.93 67.09 55.66
Exports to:
Belgium 36.73 41.48 38.66 33.13 33.56 34.26 46.26 58.94 58.36
Canada 42.50 33.62 33.74 33.63 38.97 38.12 46.69 60.16 49.06
Denmark 33.34 37.89 35.09 x x 31.05 38.00 42.00 59.11
Finland x x 39.17 37.98 x 28.28 x x 56.58
France 38.45 40.87 38.72 30.50 705.00 361.32 114.68 40.17 64.19
Germany 52.99 38.83 36.72 34.17 32.80 29.34 37.13 48.08 69.89
Greece 44.09 x 40.89 44.86 44.77 62.64 x x x
Ireland 45.85 43.05 39.75 33.38 31.74 31.44 x x x
Italy 44.17 44.93 45.97 42.50 42.91 46.67 46.90 89.78 51.04
Japan 39.94 41.76 38.61 37.70 40.41 166.40 91.47 105.21 166.53
Netherlands 41.93 43.17 40.53 35.71 36.88 33.13 43.79 76.28 69.91
Norway 47.69 58.16 x 36.97 38.00 x x x x
Portugal 41.97 44.04 39.99 37.53 36.55 34.47 45.22 50.33 56.43
Spain 63.83 39.25 45.59 23.04 26.52 25.90 29.02 61.22 49.43
Sweden 40.47 38.57 53.51 x x 44.78 260.00 117.24 x
Switzerland x x x 276.53 x x x x x
Turkey 44.09 23.41 34.12 44.97 137.15 44.93 44.97 104.55 46.09
United Kingdom 41.09 47.41 37.01 30.25 31.93 29.88 38.73 74.26 52.59
Other OECD 70.89 41.67 38.79 67.72 44.14 36.97 55.72 90.66 99.39
Non-OECD 44.17 37.46 38.59 39.84 44.27 46.57 81.61 75.09 116.60
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high export costs.
(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights.
* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.1

PART IV

NON-OECD COAL DATA

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


GENERAL NOTES
In Part IV, the statistical tables on world hard coal supply and end-use and on coal production, consumption and
trade for the major non-OECD countries supplement the information presented in Parts I and II of this book.
World Hard Coal Supply and
End-Use Statistics
This section provides historical data for world hard
coal supply and end-use for 1980, 1985, 1990, 1995,
2000 and from 2003 to 2005. These data summarise
information published in the IEA publications Energy
Statistics of OECD Countries 2004-2005, Energy
Balances of Non-OECD Countries 2004-2005 and
Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries 2004-2005.
In cases where it is available, estimated coal trade
statistics are shown for 2006.
Coal Balances
These tables show all coal use for selected non-OECD
countries in a format whereby coal production, imports,
exports and stock changes “balance” transformation
uses and final consumption. The transformation of
coal into secondary products is clearly accounted for.
Data for 2006 are preliminary and revised in the IEA
quarterly publication Oil, Gas, Coal and Electricity
Quarterly Statistics.
Calorific values used to convert primary coal data for
OECD countries to million tons of coal equivalent (Mtce)
COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.3
are reported on page xxxiii. Calorific values of coal in
non-OECD countries are published annually in
Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries.
Coal Trade
Trade tables show steam and coking coal imports and
exports by origin and destination for major non-
OECD coal importers and exporters.
In order to provide a breakdown of trade between
steam coal and coking coal, the data have been
gathered from a variety of sources, including from
official submissions by OECD Member countries to
the IEA Secretariat and UNECE Member countries to
the UNECE Secretariat (in Geneva), published national
sources for each country and from commercial
publications. Data reported by exporting countries
have been used where no importing country detail is
available. Similarly, importing country data have been
used in cases where exporting countries do not
provide a breakdown of their exports by coal type.
Due to classification anomalies and differences
in reporting methods and time periods covered,
the detailed data in the trade tables may not agree
with coal trade data presented elsewhere in Coal
Information.
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.5

WORLD HARD COAL SUPPLY AND END-USE 1980

(million tonnes)
End-Use Sectors
Steel Power and
Production Imports Exports Industry Heat Plants Households

Total OECD 1335.9 217.8 198.0 301.0 820.8 41.1

Australia(1) 72.4 - 43.2 7.4 23.9 0.0
Austria - 2.9 - 2.4 0.0 0.3
Belgium 8.0 10.1 0.5 8.0 5.5 1.3
Canada 20.2 15.6 15.3 7.4 12.7 0.0
Czech Republic 27.7 2.3 5.8 13.5 - 2.3
Denmark - 10.0 0.0 - 9.3 0.0
Finland - 4.7 - 0.1 4.8 0.1
France 20.2 29.4 0.4 15.7 24.5 2.7
Germany 94.5 16.2 12.7 38.9 45.1 0.7
Greece - 0.5 - 0.4 - 0.0
Hungary 0.9 0.8 - 1.4 - 0.2
Ireland 0.1 1.2 0.0 - 0.0 0.7
Italy - 17.2 - 11.3 5.0 0.2
Japan(1) 18.0 68.6 0.1 66.0 9.6 0.5
Korea 18.6 5.0 - 4.7 1.9 -
Mexico 3.1 0.8 - 4.0 - -
Netherlands - 7.2 1.5 3.7 2.4 0.1
New Zealand 1.9 - 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.2
Poland 193.1 1.0 31.1 25.4 92.6 19.7
Portugal 0.2 0.4 - 0.3 0.2 0.0
Spain 12.8 5.7 0.0 5.9 9.5 0.4
Sweden 0.0 2.2 0.0 1.7 0.1 0.0
Turkey 3.6 0.9 0.0 2.6 0.8 0.2
United Kingdom 130.1 7.3 4.0 13.7 92.0 8.9
United States 710.2 1.1 83.2 62.9 478.7 2.5
Other OECD(2) 0.3 6.7 0.1 3.6 2.1 0.0

Non-OECD Europe 561.7 21.5 29.4 142.1 161.0 0.0

Former USSR 553.0 7.3 29.4 131.5 154.9 -
Former Yugoslavia 0.4 3.4 - 3.3 0.3 0.0
Other Non-OECD Europe 8.3 10.8 - 7.2 5.8 -

Asia 775.8 8.6 7.3 150.6 179.7 120.8

PR of China 620.2 2.0 6.3 127.3 126.5 115.7
Hong Kong, China - 0.0 - - - -
India 111.0 0.6 0.1 17.4 44.0 4.4
Indonesia 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.0 - -
DPR of Korea 34.1 0.5 0.1 4.3 5.3 -
Taipei, Chinese 2.6 4.6 - 1.5 2.4 -
Other Asia 7.6 0.9 0.6 0.1 1.5 0.6

Africa and Middle East 120.8 2.2 28.6 17.4 53.5 2.4
Egypt - 0.8 - 0.9 - -
Israel - 0.0 - - - -
South Africa 115.1 - 28.2 13.8 52.3 2.3
Zimbabwe 2.8 0.1 0.2 1.0 0.4 0.0
Other Africa / Middle East 2.9 1.3 0.2 1.8 0.8 0.0

Latin America 7.5 6.4 0.1 7.8 1.9 0.2

Brazil 1.7 4.5 - 5.7 0.1 -
Colombia 4.2 - 0.1 0.7 0.7 0.2
Other Latin America 1.6 1.8 - 1.4 1.1 -

Total World 2801.7 256.5 263.3 618.8 1216.9 164.5

Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries , Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries
(1) Fiscal year. See Principles and Definitions.
(2) Iceland, Luxembourg, Norway, Slovak Republic and Switzerland.
Note: Steel industry consumption includes consumption in coke ovens. Power and Heat Stations column includes hard coal
Note: used in electricity and CHP production by public utilities and autoproducers, and in district heating.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.6 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

WORLD HARD COAL SUPPLY AND END-USE 1985

(million tonnes)
End-Use Sectors
Steel Power and
Production Imports Exports Industry Heat Plants Households

Total OECD 1381.1 270.3 253.2 259.8 941.9 41.2

Australia(1) 117.5 - 83.8 5.8 30.0 0.0
Austria - 3.6 - 2.4 0.1 0.4
Belgium 7.7 9.3 1.3 7.8 5.1 1.4
Canada 34.3 14.6 27.4 6.4 13.3 0.1
Czech Republic 26.4 1.4 5.4 12.6 - 2.1
Denmark - 12.5 0.1 - 11.3 0.0
Finland - 5.1 0.0 0.1 4.1 0.0
France 17.1 18.8 1.0 12.0 16.1 2.3
Germany 88.8 15.5 9.2 31.7 49.7 0.4
Greece - 2.0 0.2 - 0.3 0.0
Hungary 0.6 0.5 - 0.9 - 0.1
Ireland 0.1 1.9 0.0 0.0 0.1 1.1
Italy - 22.2 - 10.5 8.9 0.2
Japan(1) 16.4 93.4 0.0 69.3 23.8 0.1
Korea 22.5 17.1 - 7.3 6.9 -
Mexico 5.2 0.6 - 3.8 1.5 -
Netherlands 0.1 11.6 1.4 4.1 4.9 0.1
New Zealand 2.3 - 0.4 0.1 0.5 0.1
Poland 191.6 1.1 36.1 20.5 95.8 20.4
Portugal 0.2 1.4 - 0.4 0.4 0.0
Spain 16.1 8.4 0.0 5.2 16.6 0.6
Sweden 0.0 4.9 0.1 1.6 1.8 -
Turkey 3.6 2.7 0.0 3.7 0.6 0.5
United Kingdom 94.1 12.7 2.4 10.3 75.7 8.6
United States 735.9 1.8 84.0 39.4 572.2 2.6
Other OECD(2) 0.5 7.1 0.2 3.9 2.1 0.0

Non-OECD Europe 578.3 30.7 31.2 138.1 167.2 -

Former USSR 569.0 11.4 31.2 124.0 160.6 -
Former Yugoslavia 0.4 4.7 - 4.7 0.3 -
Other Non-OECD Europe 8.9 14.6 - 9.4 6.2 -

Asia 1041.4 25.6 10.0 134.7 273.6 161.4

PR of China 837.3 2.3 7.8 107.5 179.0 156.2
Hong Kong, China - 5.5 - - 5.2 -
India 150.5 2.0 0.2 18.9 74.7 4.6
Indonesia 2.0 0.0 1.1 0.0 0.2 -
DPR of Korea 40.0 2.5 0.3 5.0 6.0 -
Taipei, Chinese 1.9 10.1 - 2.6 5.2 -
Other Asia 9.8 3.2 0.6 0.7 3.3 0.5

Africa and Middle East 180.1 6.8 47.8 17.6 68.9 1.9
Egypt - 1.2 - 1.2 - -
Israel - 3.1 - - 2.9 -
South Africa 173.5 - 47.6 13.0 64.0 1.9
Zimbabwe 3.1 0.0 0.1 0.8 0.9 0.1
Other Africa / Middle East 3.5 2.5 0.1 2.6 1.1 0.0

Latin America 12.3 9.7 3.2 11.8 2.4 0.2

Brazil 1.7 8.0 - 9.5 0.1 -
Colombia 8.8 - 3.2 0.8 1.1 0.2
Other Latin America 1.9 1.6 - 1.5 1.2 0.0

Total World 3193.1 343.0 345.4 562.0 1453.9 204.7

Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries , Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries
(1) Fiscal year. See Principles and Definitions.
(2) Iceland, Luxembourg, Norway, Slovak Republic and Switzerland.
Note: Steel industry consumption includes consumption in coke ovens. Power and Heat Stations column includes hard coal
Note: used in electricity and CHP production by public utilities and autoproducers, and in district heating.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.7

WORLD HARD COAL SUPPLY AND END-USE 1990

(million tonnes)
End-Use Sectors
Steel Power and
Production Imports Exports Industry Heat Plants Households

Total OECD 1455.7 307.3 275.7 245.7 1028.5 25.3

Australia(1) 158.6 - 103.4 6.3 38.2 0.0
Austria - 3.6 - 2.3 1.4 0.2
Belgium 2.4 14.8 0.7 7.3 6.6 0.7
Canada 37.7 14.2 31.0 5.0 12.2 0.0
Czech Republic 22.4 2.3 5.0 10.8 4.9 1.7
Denmark - 10.3 0.1 - 9.4 0.0
Finland - 6.1 - 0.8 3.9 0.0
France 11.2 19.4 0.6 11.1 11.0 1.6
Germany 76.6 13.6 5.5 24.1 51.9 0.3
Greece - 1.4 - - - 0.0
Hungary 0.2 0.6 - 1.0 - 0.0
Ireland 0.0 3.1 0.0 0.0 2.0 1.1
Italy 0.1 20.4 - 8.8 10.8 0.1
Japan(1) 8.0 106.9 0.0 68.8 31.1 -
Korea 17.2 23.7 - 11.9 7.7 -
Mexico 6.9 0.2 0.0 2.9 4.0 -
Netherlands - 17.4 2.5 3.9 8.7 0.0
New Zealand 2.4 0.0 0.3 - 0.3 0.0
Poland 147.7 0.6 28.1 18.3 77.6 10.9
Portugal 0.3 4.7 - 0.3 3.3 0.0
Spain 14.6 10.5 0.0 4.8 18.9 0.5
Sweden 0.0 3.5 0.0 1.6 1.2 -
Turkey 2.7 5.6 - 4.7 0.5 1.4
United Kingdom 92.8 14.8 2.3 10.2 84.0 4.2
United States 853.6 2.4 95.9 37.0 637.0 2.3
Other OECD(2) 0.3 7.3 0.3 3.9 2.0 0.1

Non-OECD Europe 513.4 119.0 139.9 117.4 242.3 22.4

Former USSR 508.5 106.5 139.9 109.9 234.7 22.2
Former Yugoslavia 0.3 1.0 - 0.8 0.3 -
Other Non-OECD Europe 4.6 11.5 - 6.7 7.3 0.2

Asia 1319.0 44.3 23.6 169.4 454.7 172.9

PR of China 1050.7 2.0 17.3 134.0 302.0 167.0
Hong Kong, China - 8.9 - - 9.9 -
India 211.2 6.0 0.1 24.9 119.5 5.4
Indonesia 10.5 0.8 4.9 0.0 4.4 -
DPR of Korea 35.7 2.6 0.5 5.1 5.6 -
Taipei, Chinese 0.5 18.5 - 4.2 8.7 -
Other Asia 10.5 5.5 0.8 1.1 4.6 0.5

Africa and Middle East 183.3 8.1 50.1 16.4 82.8 2.4
Egypt - 1.3 - 1.3 0.0 -
Israel - 4.0 - - 3.7 -
South Africa 174.8 - 49.9 12.3 74.3 2.3
Zimbabwe 5.3 0.1 0.1 0.9 2.7 0.1
Other Africa / Middle East 3.1 2.7 0.1 2.0 2.1 0.0

Latin America 26.8 13.3 15.4 13.0 4.3 0.2

Brazil 0.6 10.1 - 10.3 0.0 -
Colombia 21.4 - 13.5 0.8 1.5 0.2
Other Latin America 4.7 3.2 1.9 1.9 2.7 0.0

Total World 3498.1 492.1 504.7 561.9 1812.5 223.2

Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries , Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries
(1) Fiscal year. See Principles and Definitions.
(2) Iceland, Luxembourg, Norway, Slovak Republic and Switzerland.
Note: Steel industry consumption includes consumption in coke ovens. Power and Heat Stations column includes hard coal
Note: used in electricity and CHP production by public utilities and autoproducers, and in district heating.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.8 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

WORLD HARD COAL SUPPLY AND END-USE 1995

(million tonnes)
End-Use Sectors
Steel Power and
Production Imports Exports Industry Heat Plants Households

Total OECD 1404.8 351.1 298.5 214.4 1103.1 24.2

Australia(1) 191.1 - 136.7 6.1 40.6 0.0
Austria 0.0 3.0 0.0 1.9 1.1 0.1
Belgium 0.6 14.1 0.8 4.9 6.2 0.5
Canada 38.6 9.7 34.2 4.2 9.6 0.0
Czech Republic 17.7 2.7 7.0 7.5 5.1 0.5
Denmark - 13.0 0.0 - 10.4 0.0
Finland - 5.8 0.0 1.7 4.1 0.0
France 8.5 13.2 0.4 9.4 8.8 1.0
Germany 58.9 15.1 1.9 13.8 55.1 0.3
Greece - 1.4 - - 0.1 0.0
Hungary - 1.4 - 1.4 - -
Ireland 0.0 2.9 0.0 - 2.3 0.3
Italy - 18.5 - 7.0 8.2 0.1
Japan(1) 6.3 127.4 0.0 66.4 47.6 -
Korea 5.7 45.8 - 14.1 16.7 -
Mexico 9.3 0.8 - 2.7 7.6 -
Netherlands - 17.2 2.9 4.0 9.3 0.0
New Zealand 3.2 - 1.3 - 0.3 0.0
Poland 137.2 1.5 31.9 16.6 55.8 13.9
Portugal - 6.0 - 0.5 4.6 -
Spain 13.5 13.4 - 3.3 23.3 0.4
Sweden - 3.5 0.0 1.7 0.9 -
Turkey 2.2 5.9 - 4.2 1.2 1.3
United Kingdom 53.0 15.9 0.9 8.1 59.6 2.8
United States 858.6 6.5 80.3 31.3 723.0 2.8
Other OECD(2) 0.3 6.4 0.2 3.5 1.6 0.0

Non-OECD Europe 314.1 51.4 49.6 84.4 179.4 15.4

Former USSR 313.5 42.9 49.6 77.9 177.0 15.4
Former Yugoslavia 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 -
Other Non-OECD Europe 0.6 8.3 - 6.4 2.2 -

Asia 1692.0 62.2 63.9 270.9 734.4 141.2

PR of China 1343.0 1.6 28.6 232.9 502.3 134.8
Hong Kong, China - 9.1 - - 9.7 -
India 268.3 12.5 0.7 31.2 190.5 5.4
Indonesia 41.1 0.6 31.3 0.0 5.6 -
DPR of Korea 23.7 1.0 0.4 1.0 4.0 -
Taipei, Chinese 0.2 28.7 - 4.7 16.5 -
Other Asia 15.6 8.6 2.9 1.1 5.8 0.9

Africa and Middle East 214.2 12.4 59.9 12.2 99.2 2.6
Egypt - 1.5 - 1.7 - -
Israel - 7.1 - - 6.6 -
South Africa 206.2 0.4 59.7 7.7 86.4 2.6
Zimbabwe 4.7 - 0.2 0.7 2.8 0.0
Other Africa / Middle East 3.3 3.5 0.0 2.0 3.3 0.0

Latin America 31.3 15.7 22.6 14.0 4.7 0.2

Brazil 0.2 11.8 - 11.4 0.0 -
Colombia 25.7 - 18.3 1.1 1.8 0.2
Other Latin America 5.5 3.9 4.3 1.5 2.9 0.0

Total World 3656.5 492.8 494.5 595.8 2120.7 183.6

Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries , Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries
(1) Fiscal year. See Principles and Definitions.
(2) Iceland, Luxembourg, Norway, Slovak Republic and Switzerland.
Note: Steel industry consumption includes consumption in coke ovens. Power and Heat Stations column includes hard coal
Note: used in electricity and CHP production by public utilities and autoproducers, and in district heating.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.9

WORLD HARD COAL SUPPLY AND END-USE 2000

(million tonnes)
End-Use Sectors
Steel Power and
Production Imports Exports Industry Heat Plants Households

Total OECD 1394.6 438.8 315.5 198.1 1250.9 14.8

Australia(1) 239.4 - 187.0 4.9 51.1 -
Austria - 3.4 - 1.9 1.4 0.1
Belgium 0.4 11.3 1.4 4.3 4.4 0.3
Canada 33.8 15.0 32.5 4.2 15.8 0.0
Czech Republic 14.9 1.1 5.9 5.4 3.9 0.7
Denmark - 6.4 0.1 - 6.2 0.0
Finland - 5.1 - 1.3 3.5 0.0
France 3.8 19.0 0.1 7.0 10.2 0.7
Germany 37.4 27.9 0.3 11.6 51.8 0.1
Greece - 1.2 0.1 - 0.0 -
Hungary - 1.2 - 1.3 - -
Ireland - 2.7 0.0 - 2.3 0.4
Italy - 19.0 0.0 6.7 9.5 0.0
Japan(1) 3.0 150.3 0.0 65.1 64.9 -
Korea 4.2 63.7 - 16.4 36.2 -
Mexico 11.3 2.4 0.0 2.7 9.6 -
Netherlands - 22.3 9.1 3.0 8.6 0.0
New Zealand 3.6 - 1.5 - 0.5 0.0
Poland 103.3 1.5 23.2 13.2 51.7 7.5
Portugal - 6.4 - 0.5 5.2 -
Spain 11.3 21.6 - 3.8 28.1 0.1
Sweden - 3.1 0.0 1.8 0.5 -
Turkey 2.4 13.0 - 4.3 1.9 0.8
United Kingdom 31.2 23.4 0.7 8.2 46.9 1.9
United States 894.0 11.3 53.0 27.3 835.5 2.2
Other OECD(2) 0.6 6.3 0.6 3.2 1.4 0.0

Non-OECD Europe 289.7 41.4 68.0 83.8 144.0 16.5

Former USSR 289.2 34.5 68.0 80.1 141.3 16.4
Former Yugoslavia 0.1 0.9 0.0 0.1 0.6 -
Other Non-OECD Europe 0.4 6.0 - 3.6 2.1 0.0

Asia 1659.8 89.7 117.8 230.7 941.5 78.4

PR of China 1231.2 2.2 55.1 195.5 613.0 71.7
Hong Kong, China - 6.1 - - 6.9 -
India 311.4 20.9 1.3 26.3 259.5 5.6
Indonesia 76.6 0.1 57.4 1.1 13.7 -
DPR of Korea 22.5 0.1 0.4 0.1 3.8 -
Taipei, Chinese 0.1 45.4 - 6.7 32.2 -
Other Asia 18.0 14.8 3.7 1.0 12.4 1.1

Africa and Middle East 231.7 18.8 70.6 11.6 114.7 1.6
Egypt 0.1 1.8 0.6 1.4 - -
Israel - 9.9 - - 10.2 -
South Africa 224.2 1.1 69.9 6.8 98.1 1.5
Zimbabwe 4.3 0.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 0.0
Other Africa / Middle East 3.2 5.9 0.1 2.3 4.3 0.0

Latin America 46.9 19.9 43.3 15.1 5.8 0.1

Brazil 0.2 13.2 - 12.1 0.1 -
Colombia 38.2 - 35.4 1.2 1.6 0.1
Other Latin America 8.5 6.6 7.9 1.8 4.1 -

Total World 3622.8 608.6 615.2 539.3 2457.0 111.3

Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries , Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries
(1) Fiscal year. See Principles and Definitions.
(2) Iceland, Luxembourg, Norway, Slovak Republic and Switzerland.
Note: Steel industry consumption includes consumption in coke ovens. Power and Heat Stations column includes hard coal
Note: used in electricity and CHP production by public utilities and autoproducers, and in district heating.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.10 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

WORLD HARD COAL SUPPLY AND END-USE 2003

(million tonnes)
End-Use Sectors
Steel Power and
Production Imports Exports Industry Heat Plants Households

Total OECD 1403.8 502.6 312.6 186.2 1214.8 11.0

Australia(1) 274.9 - 208.7 4.8 54.1 0.0
Austria - 4.0 - 1.9 2.1 0.1
Belgium 0.1 9.4 1.0 3.6 3.6 0.2
Canada 26.6 13.6 25.0 4.2 12.0 0.0
Czech Republic 13.6 1.3 5.7 4.9 3.8 0.2
Denmark - 9.5 0.2 - 9.3 -
Finland - 10.1 - 1.3 7.4 0.0
France 2.2 16.8 0.1 6.5 9.7 0.5
Germany 28.8 34.9 0.2 9.7 51.1 0.1
Greece - 0.7 0.1 - 0.0 -
Hungary - 1.1 0.0 0.8 0.2 0.1
Ireland - 2.6 0.0 - 2.2 0.3
Italy 0.3 20.6 - 5.4 14.0 0.0
Japan(1) - 166.4 0.0 68.0 80.0 -
Korea 3.3 73.6 - 16.7 49.1 -
Mexico 9.6 7.2 - 1.8 13.9 -
Netherlands - 21.6 7.3 3.1 9.2 0.0
New Zealand 4.9 - 2.2 - 1.5 0.0
Poland 102.9 2.5 20.1 14.3 52.5 7.2
Portugal - 5.3 - - 5.1 -
Spain 9.4 21.6 - 3.8 26.5 0.1
Sweden - 3.2 0.0 1.9 0.7 -
Turkey 2.1 16.2 - 4.1 3.6 1.0
United Kingdom 28.3 31.9 0.5 5.8 53.1 1.0
United States 893.9 22.6 38.9 20.2 748.4 -
Other OECD(2) 2.9 5.9 2.7 3.3 1.6 0.0

Non-OECD Europe 322.2 46.7 84.5 87.9 160.0 11.6

Former USSR 322.1 39.1 84.5 84.1 156.7 11.5
Former Yugoslavia 0.1 1.2 0.0 0.0 0.9 -
Other Non-OECD Europe 0.1 6.4 0.0 3.7 2.4 0.2

Asia 2190.2 121.5 187.7 332.9 1254.4 78.8

PR of China 1670.2 11.1 94.0 289.6 875.7 71.9
Hong Kong, China - 10.7 - - 10.3 -
India 358.4 21.7 1.6 35.0 284.0 5.5
Indonesia 115.3 0.0 84.7 0.2 23.0 -
DPR of Korea 22.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 3.7 -
Taipei, Chinese - 54.7 - 7.1 41.1 -
Other Asia 24.1 23.1 7.1 0.8 16.6 1.3

Africa and Middle East 245.3 22.9 71.6 11.6 123.8 3.8
Egypt 0.0 1.8 0.0 1.9 - -
Israel - 12.3 - - 12.7 -
South Africa 238.8 1.6 71.5 6.3 103.9 3.8
Zimbabwe 3.5 0.0 0.0 0.8 1.8 0.0
Other Africa / Middle East 3.0 7.2 0.0 2.5 5.4 0.0

Latin America 58.1 19.7 52.4 14.7 5.8 0.1

Brazil 0.2 13.0 - 11.5 0.1 -
Colombia 50.5 - 45.6 1.0 1.8 0.1
Other Latin America 7.5 6.7 6.7 2.3 3.9 0.0

Total World 4219.7 713.5 708.8 633.3 2758.8 105.4

Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries , Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries
(1) Fiscal year. See Principles and Definitions.
(2) Iceland, Luxembourg, Norway, Slovak Republic and Switzerland.
Note: Steel industry consumption includes consumption in coke ovens. Power and Heat Stations column includes hard coal
Note: used in electricity and CHP production by public utilities and autoproducers, and in district heating.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.11

WORLD HARD COAL SUPPLY AND END-USE 2004

(million tonnes)
End-Use Sectors
Steel Power and
Production Imports Exports Industry Heat Plants Households

Total OECD 1462.4 539.2 329.2 188.5 1226.0 11.0

Australia(1) 285.9 - 218.4 5.2 55.1 0.0
Austria - 4.4 0.0 1.9 2.1 0.0
Belgium 0.2 9.8 1.3 3.7 3.0 0.2
Canada 29.3 12.6 25.7 4.4 10.9 0.0
Czech Republic 15.6 1.6 5.6 5.3 3.7 0.2
Denmark - 7.6 0.2 - 7.0 -
Finland - 8.3 - 1.3 6.5 0.0
France 0.9 19.5 0.1 6.3 9.1 0.5
Germany 29.2 39.5 0.2 11.3 52.4 0.2
Greece - 0.8 0.0 - - -
Hungary - 1.3 0.0 0.8 0.2 0.1
Ireland - 2.9 0.0 - 2.2 0.3
Italy 0.1 24.7 - 5.6 16.7 0.0
Japan(1) - 180.8 0.0 67.4 83.9 -
Korea 3.2 79.0 - 17.2 50.3 -
Mexico 9.9 4.1 - 1.8 11.5 -
Netherlands - 22.6 9.3 3.2 8.9 0.0
New Zealand 4.9 0.9 1.9 - 1.9 0.0
Poland 101.2 2.3 19.7 14.2 51.9 7.2
Portugal - 5.2 - - 5.3 -
Spain 8.9 24.5 - 4.1 28.2 0.2
Sweden - 3.2 0.0 1.9 0.6 -
Turkey 1.9 16.4 - 4.4 4.5 0.9
United Kingdom 25.1 36.2 0.6 5.6 50.9 0.9
United States 943.3 24.6 43.4 19.5 757.5 -
Other OECD(2) 2.9 6.4 2.7 3.4 1.6 0.0

Non-OECD Europe 332.2 43.1 96.5 94.6 150.7 11.0

Former USSR 332.1 33.9 96.5 90.9 147.4 10.8
Former Yugoslavia 0.1 1.4 0.0 0.0 0.9 -
Other Non-OECD Europe 0.0 7.8 0.0 3.7 2.4 0.2

Asia 2528.3 145.8 195.9 358.9 1451.7 79.7

PR of China 1956.0 18.6 86.6 308.4 1035.1 72.0
Hong Kong, China - 10.7 - - 10.7 -
India 382.0 28.5 1.3 41.4 316.1 5.6
Indonesia 132.4 0.1 96.3 0.2 22.9 -
DPR of Korea 22.8 0.2 0.3 0.2 3.8 -
Taipei, Chinese - 60.6 - 7.4 43.0 -
Other Asia 35.1 27.1 11.5 1.3 20.1 2.1

Africa and Middle East 249.4 24.3 68.2 11.4 132.3 4.5
Egypt 0.0 1.9 0.0 1.9 - -
Israel - 12.8 - - 12.8 -
South Africa 242.8 1.7 67.9 6.6 111.3 4.4
Zimbabwe 3.4 0.0 0.0 0.7 2.2 0.0
Other Africa / Middle East 3.1 7.9 0.1 2.3 6.0 0.0

Latin America 61.5 22.1 57.7 16.3 6.8 0.1

Brazil 0.3 14.1 - 13.3 0.1 -
Colombia 54.2 0.0 50.9 0.9 1.7 0.1
Other Latin America 7.0 8.0 6.7 2.1 5.0 -

Total World 4633.8 774.5 747.4 669.8 2967.5 106.2

Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries , Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries
(1) Fiscal year. See Principles and Definitions.
(2) Iceland, Luxembourg, Norway, Slovak Republic and Switzerland.
Note: Steel industry consumption includes consumption in coke ovens. Power and Heat Stations column includes hard coal
Note: used in electricity and CHP production by public utilities and autoproducers, and in district heating.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.12 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

WORLD HARD COAL SUPPLY AND END-USE 2005

(million tonnes)
End-Use Sectors
Steel Power and
Production Imports Exports Industry Heat Plants Households

Total OECD 1487.2 535.8 342.8 184.2 1241.4 11.3

Australia(1) 304.9 - 231.3 5.5 63.4 0.0
Austria - 4.3 0.0 1.9 1.9 0.0
Belgium 0.1 8.8 1.2 3.5 3.0 0.2
Canada 28.6 12.6 28.2 4.3 10.2 0.0
Czech Republic 13.3 1.3 5.3 5.1 3.3 0.2
Denmark - 6.0 0.1 - 5.9 -
Finland - 4.7 - 1.3 2.9 0.0
France 0.6 19.9 0.1 6.2 10.3 0.5
Germany 28.0 37.1 0.3 11.4 47.4 0.2
Greece - 0.6 0.0 - - -
Hungary - 1.4 0.0 0.8 0.2 0.1
Ireland - 2.9 0.0 - 2.3 0.3
Italy 0.1 24.2 - 5.9 16.0 0.0
Japan(1) - 174.7 0.0 67.4 89.1 -
Korea 2.8 76.8 - 16.6 52.7 -
Mexico 10.8 7.3 - 1.8 14.9 -
Netherlands - 20.4 7.4 3.2 8.3 0.0
New Zealand 5.0 1.1 2.3 - 2.5 0.0
Poland 97.9 3.4 19.4 11.6 50.9 8.0
Portugal - 5.3 - - 5.4 -
Spain 8.5 24.8 - 3.8 27.9 0.3
Sweden - 3.2 0.0 2.0 0.4 -
Turkey 2.2 17.4 - 4.3 5.2 1.0
United Kingdom 20.5 44.0 0.5 5.6 52.5 0.6
United States 962.4 27.5 45.1 18.6 763.1 -
Other OECD(2) 1.5 6.3 1.7 3.3 1.6 0.0

Non-OECD Europe 345.9 40.2 108.6 89.7 151.1 5.4

Former USSR 345.8 31.9 108.6 85.9 147.6 5.2
Former Yugoslavia 0.1 1.1 0.0 0.0 0.9 0.0
Other Non-OECD Europe 0.0 7.3 - 3.8 2.6 0.2

Asia 2781.4 165.4 203.9 432.6 1609.3 84.7

PR of China 2158.9 26.2 71.7 382.5 1166.4 77.5
Hong Kong, China - 10.8 - - 10.8 -
India 403.0 38.6 2.0 42.0 334.7 5.5
Indonesia 152.2 0.1 111.0 0.2 25.7 -
DPR of Korea 24.1 0.2 0.3 0.2 4.0 -
Taipei, Chinese - 60.4 - 7.1 45.7 -
Other Asia 43.2 29.2 19.0 0.6 21.9 1.6

Africa and Middle East 252.0 25.4 71.5 12.6 130.8 4.9
Egypt 0.0 1.9 0.0 1.9 - -
Israel - 12.7 - - 12.1 -
South Africa 245.0 1.9 71.4 7.6 109.2 4.9
Zimbabwe 3.6 0.1 - 0.8 2.3 0.0
Other Africa / Middle East 3.4 9.0 0.1 2.3 7.1 0.0

Latin America 67.4 22.4 60.8 16.0 6.6 0.1

Brazil 0.5 13.7 - 12.9 0.1 -
Colombia 59.1 0.0 53.6 1.0 1.7 0.1
Other Latin America 7.8 8.7 7.2 2.1 4.9 -

Total World 4934.0 789.2 787.7 735.1 3139.1 106.5

Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries , Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries
(1) Fiscal year. See Principles and Definitions.
(2) Iceland, Luxembourg, Norway, Slovak Republic and Switzerland.
Note: Steel industry consumption includes consumption in coke ovens. Power and Heat Stations column includes hard coal
Note: used in electricity and CHP production by public utilities and autoproducers, and in district heating.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.13

Brazil

COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 80-90 90-05

Production 3.6 5.1 2.8 2.9 3.7 3.1 3.6 -2.5 1.7
Imports 5.3 8.6 11.3 14.1 15.5 16.8 16.1 7.9 2.4
Exports - - - - - - -0.0 - -
Stock Changes -0.4 0.7 -0.2 0.0 0.1 0.3 -0.1 x x
Primary Supply 8.5 14.4 13.8 17.1 19.4 20.3 19.6 5.0 2.3
Statistical Difference 0.2 0.2 0.1 -0.0 0.1 -0.1 -0.1 x x
Total Transformation -4.2 -6.4 -7.0 -8.3 -9.9 -9.0 -7.9 5.2 0.9
Electricity and Heat Gen. -1.3 -2.0 -2.1 -2.5 -4.6 -3.9 -4.2 5.3 4.6
Main activity producers (1) -1.0 -1.5 -1.4 -1.9 -3.3 -2.5 -2.7 3.6 4.3
Autoproducers -0.3 -0.5 -0.7 -0.6 -1.3 -1.4 -1.5 10.1 5.3
Gas Works - -0.0 - - - - - - -
(2)
Coal Transformation -2.9 -4.4 -4.8 -5.8 -5.3 -5.1 -3.8 5.1 -1.7
BKB plants - - - - - - - - -
Blast Furnaces -2.1 -3.3 -3.3 -4.5 -4.3 -4.3 -3.5 4.6 0.4
Coke Ovens -0.8 -1.2 -1.5 -1.4 -0.9 -0.8 -0.2 6.4 -11.9
Patent Fuel plants - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - - - -
Own use -0.4 -0.8 -0.8 -0.9 -0.8 -0.8 -0.9 6.2 1.2
Distribution Losses -0.9 -1.5 -0.9 -1.0 -0.5 -0.4 -0.5 x x
(4)
Final Consumption 3.1 5.9 5.3 6.9 8.3 10.0 10.1 5.3 4.4
(5)
Industry sector 3.0 5.6 5.1 6.8 8.1 9.8 9.9 5.6 4.5
Iron and Steel 2.4 3.5 3.5 5.2 6.5 8.1 8.1 4.1 5.7
Chemical 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 47.6 -0.8
Non-metallic minerals 0.4 1.4 0.9 0.7 0.3 0.1 0.2 7.2 -10.7
Paper, pulp and print 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 8.3 -6.0
Transport sector(6) 0.0 0.0 0.0 - - - - -12.3 -
(7)
Other Sectors - - - - - - - - -
Comm. and pub. services - - - - - - - - -
Residential - - - - - - - - -
Non-energy Use 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 -0.8 2.6
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by the
* respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.14 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

Brazil

HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 2006

Hard Coal 3547 4515 8049 10146 11790 14833 13112 14910 13398

Coking Coal 3503 4405 7958 9801 11438 10695 9953 11030 12013
Australia 164 - 958 1291 3448 5247 4538 5037 4775
Canada 600 626 899 1108 625 1382 1682 1849 1527
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany 15 - - - - - - - -
Poland - 275 861 1249 790 - - - 70
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States 2724 2876 5240 5219 5498 4066 3078 3766 4129
Other OECD - - - - - - 195 113 280

China, People's Rep. - - - - - - 217 - 169

Colombia - 328 - 254 85 - - - 249
Indonesia - - - - - - - - 73
South Africa - 300 - 670 932 - 243 265 620
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - - - - - - -
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - - -
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - 39 - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - 10 21 - - - 121

Steam Coal 44 110 91 345 352 4138 3159 3880 1385

Australia - - - 158 - 18 - 33 55
Canada - - - 98 140 2 - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - 12 13 5 - - - - -
Poland - - - - 37 - - - -
United Kingdom - - - 5 - - - - -
United States 11 98 78 79 13 - 596 693 176
Other OECD - - - - - - 37 676 -

China, People's Rep. - - - - - 585 547 385 -

Colombia - - - - 62 149 336 447 -
Indonesia - - - - - 468 262 220 -
South Africa - - - - - 1919 529 262 -
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - - - - - 471 387
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - 37 160
Venezuela 33 - - - 100 997 439 424 463
Vietnam - - - - - - - 131 144
Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - 413 101 -
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some countries.
* In these tables coal used for PCI and for blending has been classified by the IEA as Steam Coal. Accordingly, trade data
* reported in these tables may differ from those reported in Part III where this coal is shown as Coking Coal to be consistent with
* data reported by importing countries and with industry terminology and practice.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.15

Bulgaria

COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 80-90 90-05

Production 7.4 7.5 7.7 7.6 6.2 6.5 6.0 0.4 -1.7
Imports 6.1 7.4 5.5 3.5 3.5 4.2 3.7 -1.0 -2.7
Exports - - -0.1 -0.0 -0.2 -0.0 -0.0 - -8.5
Stock Changes -0.1 - 0.1 -0.2 -0.2 -0.4 0.3 x x
Primary Supply 13.4 15.0 13.2 10.9 9.2 10.3 9.9 -0.1 -1.9
Statistical Difference 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.0 0.1 x x
Total Transformation -8.6 -8.8 -10.9 -9.3 -7.9 -8.7 -8.7 2.4 -1.5
Electricity and Heat Gen. -7.7 -7.8 -10.2 -8.2 -7.1 -8.1 -8.2 2.9 -1.5
Main activity producers (1) -7.4 -7.6 -9.4 -7.3 -6.8 -7.9 -7.9 2.5 -1.2
Autoproducers -0.2 -0.3 -0.7 -0.9 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 11.6 -7.8
Gas Works - - - - - - - - -
(2)
Coal Transformation -0.9 -1.0 -0.7 -1.1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.6 -2.5 -1.5
BKB plants -0.3 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 1.1 -9.1
Blast Furnaces -0.4 -0.4 -0.0 -0.5 -0.4 -0.3 -0.4 -20.5 15.4
Coke Ovens -0.2 -0.2 -0.4 -0.3 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 4.9 -7.0
Patent Fuel plants - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - - - -
Own use - - -0.2 -0.2 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 - 2.2
Distribution Losses -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 - - - - x x
(4)
Final Consumption 5.1 6.5 2.3 1.6 1.0 1.3 1.1 -7.6 -4.9
(5)
Industry sector 3.6 5.2 1.2 0.9 0.7 0.9 0.7 -10.2 -3.4
Iron and Steel 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.2 0.3 0.3 3.7 -6.5
Chemical - - 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 - -2.4
Non-metallic minerals - - 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 - 4.7
Paper, pulp and print - - - - - - - - -
Transport sector(6) - - - 0.0 - 0.0 - - -
(7)
Other Sectors 1.5 1.4 1.1 0.7 0.3 0.4 0.4 -3.1 -7.1
Comm. and pub. services - - 0.0 0.0 - 0.0 0.0 - -5.6
Residential 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.7 0.3 0.4 0.3 -2.3 -6.8
Non-energy Use - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by the
* respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.16 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

Bulgaria

HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 2006

Hard Coal 6201 6732 8054 5790 3453 1184 2586 1134 2325

Coking Coal 1921 1926 1553 1100 1734 536 841 - 607
Australia - - - - - - - - -
Canada - - - - - - 139 - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - 177 140 - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States - - 29 44 542 298 - - 138
Other OECD - - - - 5 - - - -

China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -

Colombia - - - - - - - - -
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - - - 100 - - - -
Former USSR(2) 1921 1926 - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - 203 156 110 98 414 - 469
Other Former USSR (3) - - 1321 900 800 - 288 - -
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - - -

Steam Coal 4280 4806 6501 4690 1719 648 1745 1134 1718
Australia - - - - - - 66 66 85
Canada - - - - - - 21 100 -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - 5 - - - -
United States - - - - - - 226 38 127
Other OECD - - - - 4 - - - -

China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -

Colombia - - - - - - - - -
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - - - 60 285 - - 30
Former USSR(2) 4280 4806 - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - - 1010 363 509 258 1047
Other Former USSR (3) - - 6501 4690 640 - 923 623 429
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - 49 -
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some countries.
* In these tables coal used for PCI and for blending has been classified by the IEA as Steam Coal. Accordingly, trade data
* reported in these tables may differ from those reported in Part III where this coal is shown as Coking Coal to be consistent with
* data reported by importing countries and with industry terminology and practice.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.17

People's Republic of China

COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 80-90 90-05

Production 443.9 584.4 748.4 965.5 927.7 1475.8 1636.2 5.4 5.4
Imports 1.5 1.7 1.5 1.2 2.1 16.2 21.3 -0.0 19.4
Exports -6.0 -7.4 -17.3 -35.0 -65.1 -94.4 -79.0 11.1 10.7
Stock Changes 7.1 -18.9 22.5 -2.7 29.1 -6.7 -24.8 x x
Primary Supply 446.5 559.8 755.1 928.9 893.8 1390.9 1553.7 5.4 4.9
Statistical Difference -15.6 -15.6 -36.8 43.0 9.9 0.9 10.2 x x
Total Transformation -116.1 -147.6 -247.4 -415.3 -491.2 -849.2 -964.0 7.9 9.5
Electricity and Heat Gen. -88.7 -122.4 -209.8 -350.4 -450.1 -756.4 -855.3 9.0 9.8
Main activity producers (1) -88.2 -121.8 -208.6 -347.9 -445.7 -748.2 -845.7 9.0 9.8
Autoproducers -0.5 -0.6 -1.2 -2.5 -4.4 -8.2 -9.5 9.5 14.7
Gas Works -1.1 -0.7 -3.2 -5.5 -5.9 -9.4 -9.5 11.2 7.4
(2)
Coal Transformation -26.3 -24.5 -34.3 -59.4 -35.2 -83.4 -99.3 2.7 7.3
BKB plants - - - - - - - - -
Blast Furnaces -16.2 -16.7 -26.6 -49.6 -32.6 -62.3 -81.6 5.1 7.8
Coke Ovens -10.1 -7.8 -7.7 -9.8 -2.4 -18.1 -14.6 -2.7 4.4
Patent Fuel plants - - - -0.1 -0.1 -3.1 -3.1 - -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - - - -
Own use -4.5 -8.2 -21.3 -39.7 -44.9 -60.8 -66.6 16.8 7.9
Distribution Losses - - - - -0.1 - - x x
(4)
Final Consumption 310.2 388.3 449.6 517.0 367.5 481.8 533.3 3.8 1.1
(5)
Industry sector 194.0 223.2 253.0 350.8 260.4 354.8 399.7 2.7 3.1
Iron and Steel 53.6 35.9 43.4 74.2 73.1 113.3 146.9 -2.1 8.5
Chemical 41.8 30.9 31.7 61.3 40.9 35.4 40.1 -2.7 1.6
Non-metallic minerals 32.5 59.4 70.4 95.5 74.3 118.5 121.8 8.0 3.7
Paper, pulp and print 5.5 8.5 10.0 14.0 8.9 12.4 12.2 6.2 1.3
Transport sector(6) 13.6 15.8 14.1 9.1 7.8 5.9 5.8 0.4 -5.7
(7)
Other Sectors 102.7 137.6 155.1 137.5 86.8 91.2 96.3 4.2 -3.1
Comm. and pub. services 3.2 4.9 8.6 7.9 7.2 7.1 7.4 10.3 -1.0
Residential 80.7 106.7 116.9 100.5 60.3 61.6 65.9 3.8 -3.7
Non-energy Use - 11.7 27.4 19.7 12.4 29.9 31.6 - 0.9
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by the
* respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.18 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

People's Republic of China

HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 2006

Hard Coal 2440 1990 2307 2003 1635 2119 18846 25343 37485

Coking Coal - - 200 900 354 547 6987 7193 8662

Australia - - 200 600 248 547 3248 3436 2460
Canada - - - 300 - - 1975 1228 146
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States - - - - - - 70 - -
Other OECD - - - - 106 - 118 170 113

China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -

Colombia - - - - - - - - -
Indonesia - - - - - - 37 - 3749
South Africa - - - - - - - - -
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - - - - - 58 33
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - - 7
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - 1539 2301 2154

Steam Coal 2440 1990 2107 1103 1281 1572 11859 18150 28823
Australia - - - - 1064 1034 2105 2449 4437
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States - - - - - - 58 13 -
Other OECD - - - - - - 21 844 -

China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -

Colombia - - - - - - - - -
Indonesia - - - - 171 141 1278 2399 1417
South Africa - - - - - 325 - - -
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - - 46 72 533 839 958
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - 6 - 1
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - 6177 10180 20079
Non-Specified/Other 2440 1990 2107 1103 - - 1681 1426 1931
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some countries.
* In these tables coal used for PCI and for blending has been classified by the IEA as Steam Coal. Accordingly, trade data
* reported in these tables may differ from those reported in Part III where this coal is shown as Coking Coal to be consistent with
* data reported by importing countries and with industry terminology and practice.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.19

People's Republic of China

COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 2006

Total Exports 300 1400 2500 4000 4555 6470 6446 6062 4365
Exports to:
Total OECD 300 979 1211 1302 3312 5989 5936 5506 3955
Austria - - - - - - - - -
Belgium - - - - - - 45 - -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Denmark - - - - - - - - -
Finland - - - - - - - - -
France - - - - 63 - - - -
Germany - - - - 63 - - - -
Greece - - - - - - - - -
Hungary - - - - - - - - -
Italy - - - - - - - - -
Japan 300 979 1211 1301 2201 3631 3442 3625 2010
Korea - - - - 985 2358 2449 1724 1514
Mexico - - - - - - - - -
Netherlands - - - 1 - - - - 66
Norway - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
Portugal - - - - - - - - -
Spain - - - - - - - 157 291
Sweden - - - - - - - - -
Turkey - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States - - - - - - - - -
Other OECD(2) - - - - - - - - 74

Total Non-OECD - 421 1289 2698 1243 481 510 556 410
Brazil - - - 100 57 - - - -
Bulgaria - - - - - - - - -
Chile - - - - - - - - -
China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -
Chinese Taipei - - - - - - - - -
Hong Kong, China - - - - - 21 - - -
India - - - - 48 360 310 533 347
Israel - - - - - - - - -
Morocco - - - - - - - - -
Romania - 300 400 400 125 - - - -
Russia - - - - 2 - - - -
Ukraine - - - - - - - - -
Other Africa - - - - - - - - -
Other Asia - 121 889 2198 1011 100 200 23 63
Other Eastern Europe - - - - - - - - -
Other FSU - - - - - - - - -
Other Latin America - - - - - - - - -
Other Middle East - - - - - - - - -

Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) Australia, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Slovak Republic and Switzerland.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.20 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

People's Republic of China

STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 2006

Total Exports 2820 4920 5270 13280 24062 48578 80152 65724 58893
Exports to:
Total OECD 534 1703 2663 6879 17482 33172 51141 41676 38333
Austria - - - - - - - - -
Belgium - - 112 292 406 109 82 282 189
Canada - - - - - 114 35 66 -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Denmark - - 29 57 - - 405 - -
Finland - - - 100 - - - - -
France - 83 46 1776 956 452 270 8 -
Germany 21 209 9 8 57 - 163 75 -
Greece - - - - - 228 136 - -
Hungary - - - - - - - - -
Italy - 53 - 310 455 383 190 - -
Japan 513 1086 2427 3258 7717 12585 25029 19550 18580
Korea - 200 - 838 7362 18760 22348 19484 17436
Mexico - - - - - 2 2 8 -
Netherlands - - 1 152 449 146 312 141 178
Norway - - - 4 - 36 57 23 -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
Portugal - - - - - - - - -
Spain - 72 - - - 199 - 175 -
Sweden - - - 8 - - - - -
Turkey - - - - - 43 1830 1651 1866
United Kingdom - - 34 69 80 107 177 155 34
United States - - - - - 8 105 58 50
Other OECD(2) - - 5 7 - - - - -

Total Non-OECD 2286 3217 2607 6401 6580 15406 29011 24006 20551
Brazil - - - - - 585 548 278 117
Bulgaria - - - - 29 - - - -
Chile - - - - - - - - -
China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -
Chinese Taipei - - - - 3988 9076 19854 16232 13258
Hong Kong, China - - 700 1708 1469 1963 1124 944 855
India - - - - 264 1562 2775 3322 4654
Israel - - - - 13 - 2 2 1
Morocco - - - - - 36 29 131 14
Romania - - - - - - 186 - -
Russia - - - - 103 - - 3 8
Ukraine - - - - - - - - -
Other Africa - - - - - - 6 - -
Other Asia 2286 2517 1907 4693 714 2182 4445 3032 1637
Other Eastern Europe - 700 - - - - - 62 -
Other FSU - - - - - 2 - - -
Other Latin America - - - - - - 33 - -
Other Middle East - - - - - - 9 - 7

Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - 42 9
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) Australia, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Slovak Republic and Switzerland.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.21

Chinese Taipei

COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 80-90 90-05

Production 2.3 1.6 0.4 0.2 0.1 - - -15.6 -

Imports 4.5 9.5 17.3 26.9 42.6 56.8 56.5 14.5 8.2
Exports -0.0 -0.0 - - - - - - -
Stock Changes -1.2 -0.9 -1.7 -2.5 -0.6 -3.2 -1.1 x x
Primary Supply 5.6 10.2 16.0 24.6 42.0 53.5 55.4 11.2 8.6
Statistical Difference 0.0 -0.0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.7 -1.1 -1.2 x x
Total Transformation -2.4 -6.0 -10.1 -17.1 -32.6 -42.3 -44.6 15.4 10.4
Electricity and Heat Gen. -2.2 -5.0 -8.4 -15.5 -29.9 -39.9 -42.3 14.3 11.4
Main activity producers (1) -2.2 -4.8 -7.3 -12.6 -23.0 -29.2 -31.2 12.6 10.2
Autoproducers - -0.3 -1.1 -2.9 -6.9 -10.7 -11.1 - 16.6
Gas Works - - - - - - - - -
(2)
Coal Transformation -0.2 -1.0 -1.7 -1.6 -2.6 -2.4 -2.3 23.3 1.7
BKB plants - - - - - - - - -
Blast Furnaces - -0.8 -1.4 -1.5 -2.2 -2.0 -2.0 - 2.4
Coke Ovens -0.2 -0.2 -0.3 -0.1 -0.4 -0.4 -0.2 4.6 -2.0
Patent Fuel plants - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - - - -
Own use -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 - - - - -22.0 -
Distribution Losses - - -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 x x
(4)
Final Consumption 3.1 4.1 5.7 7.0 8.7 10.1 9.7 6.3 3.6
(5)
Industry sector 3.0 4.0 5.7 7.0 8.6 9.8 9.5 6.8 3.5
Iron and Steel 1.2 1.2 1.9 2.3 3.4 4.0 3.8 4.6 4.7
Chemical 0.2 0.4 0.9 1.4 2.7 3.1 3.0 15.4 8.3
Non-metallic minerals 1.2 2.2 2.5 2.9 2.2 2.3 2.3 7.4 -0.7
Paper, pulp and print 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 11.3 2.6
Transport sector(6) 0.0 - - - - - - - -
(7)
Other Sectors 0.1 0.1 0.0 - 0.0 - - -23.3 -
Comm. and pub. services - 0.0 - - - - - - -
Residential 0.0 0.0 - - - - - - -
Non-energy Use 0.0 - - - 0.1 0.2 0.2 - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by the
* respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.22 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

Chinese Taipei

HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 2006

Hard Coal 1386 4637 10092 18468 28681 45503 60231 61370 63539

Coking Coal 1386 1513 2562 4237 4580 6093 7276 4549 6019
Australia 918 900 1837 2749 3451 3524 5883 3866 3977
Canada 263 250 475 1050 693 1232 1089 215 845
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States 205 163 250 438 336 - 304 74 -
Other OECD - - - - - - - - -

China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - 4 -

Colombia - - - - - - - - -
Indonesia - - - - - - - 177 1070
South Africa - 200 - - - - - - -
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - - 100 1337 - - 127
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - - -
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - 27 -
Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - 186 -

Steam Coal - 3124 7530 14231 24101 39410 52955 56821 57520
Australia - - 3400 3800 6321 12474 11680 15821 18438
Canada - - - - - - 1 598 429
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States - 1512 2800 3677 2442 514 220 - -
Other OECD - - - - - 1290 120 22 159

China, People's Rep. - - - 529 3893 8371 19626 19663 12742

Colombia - - - - - - - - -
Indonesia - - 100 625 6203 13740 18794 19132 24297
South Africa - 1612 1230 5600 5073 2873 1281 342 67
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - - 106 - 1055 750 1305
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - - -
Venezuela - - - - - - 1 - -
Vietnam - - - - 63 78 122 - 50
Non-Specified/Other - - - - - 70 55 493 33
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some countries.
* In these tables coal used for PCI and for blending has been classified by the IEA as Steam Coal. Accordingly, trade data
* reported in these tables may differ from those reported in Part III where this coal is shown as Coking Coal to be consistent with
* data reported by importing countries and with industry terminology and practice.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.23

Colombia

COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 80-90 90-05

Production 3.9 8.1 19.8 23.8 35.5 50.3 54.8 17.8 7.0
Imports - - - - - 0.0 0.0 - -
Exports -0.1 -3.0 -12.6 -17.1 -33.0 -47.4 -49.8 57.9 9.6
Stock Changes 0.1 -0.9 -2.8 -1.6 1.3 0.3 -1.2 x x
Primary Supply 3.8 4.3 4.4 5.1 3.8 3.2 3.9 1.5 -0.9
Statistical Difference -0.3 -0.2 0.3 0.1 1.6 1.3 0.8 x x
Total Transformation -1.5 -2.0 -2.3 -2.4 -2.0 -2.1 -2.1 4.6 -0.8
Electricity and Heat Gen. -0.7 -1.1 -1.5 -1.7 -1.6 -1.7 -1.6 8.2 0.6
Main activity producers (1) -0.4 -0.8 -1.0 -1.2 -1.0 -1.1 -1.0 9.5 0.2
Autoproducers -0.3 -0.3 -0.5 -0.5 -0.6 -0.6 -0.6 6.2 1.3
Gas Works - - - - - - - - -
(2)
Coal Transformation -0.8 -0.9 -0.8 -0.7 -0.4 -0.4 -0.4 0.5 -4.3
BKB plants - - - - - - - - -
Blast Furnaces -0.6 -0.6 -0.6 -0.6 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 1.1 -3.8
Coke Ovens -0.3 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.8 -5.8
Patent Fuel plants - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - - - -
Own use -0.1 -0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 0.7 -0.7
Distribution Losses -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 x x
(4)
Final Consumption 1.9 2.0 2.3 2.7 3.2 2.3 2.5 1.7 0.5
(5)
Industry sector 1.7 1.8 2.1 2.5 3.1 2.2 2.4 2.2 0.8
Iron and Steel 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 -1.3 9.8
Chemical 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 -1.9 2.9
Non-metallic minerals 0.9 0.9 1.2 0.9 1.2 0.8 0.9 2.9 -1.9
Paper, pulp and print 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 2.8 2.4
Transport sector(6) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -11.8 -4.5
(7)
Other Sectors 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 -2.6 -4.3
Comm. and pub. services - - - - - - - - -
Residential 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 -2.6 -4.3
Non-energy Use - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by the
* respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.24 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

Colombia

COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 2006

Total Exports 100 90 93 128 1062 159 462 143 -

Exports to:
Total OECD - - 50 82 657 8 462 143 -
Austria - - - - - - - - -
Belgium - - - - - - - - -
Canada - - - - 420 - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Denmark - - - - - - - - -
Finland - - - - - - - - -
France - - 1 - 30 - - - -
Germany - - - - 1 - - - -
Greece - - - - - - - - -
Hungary - - - - - - - - -
Italy - - - - - - 426 93 -
Japan - - - 76 158 - 36 - -
Korea - - - - - - - - -
Mexico - - - - - 8 - - -
Netherlands - - - 6 10 - - 50 -
Norway - - 49 - - - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
Portugal - - - - - - - - -
Spain - - - - - - - - -
Sweden - - - - - - - - -
Turkey - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - 38 - - - -
United States - - - - - - - - -
Other OECD(2) - - - - - - - - -

Total Non-OECD 100 90 43 46 405 151 - - -

Brazil - - - - 405 - - - -
Bulgaria - - - - - - - - -
Chile - - - - - - - - -
China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -
Chinese Taipei - - - - - - - - -
Hong Kong, China - - - - - - - - -
India - - - - - - - - -
Israel - - - - - - - - -
Morocco - - - - - - - - -
Romania - - - - - - - - -
Russia - - - - - - - - -
Ukraine - - - - - - - - -
Other Africa - - - - - - - - -
Other Asia - - - - - - - - -
Other Eastern Europe - - - - - - - - -
Other FSU - - - - - - - - -
Other Latin America 100 90 43 46 - 151 - - -
Other Middle East - - - - - - - - -

Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) Australia, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Slovak Republic and Switzerland.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.25

Colombia

STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 2006

Total Exports 50 5 3073 13377 17212 33565 51209 55321 59689

Exports to:
Total OECD - - 1487 12075 14306 30706 42024 46046 52793
Austria - - - - - - - - -
Belgium - - 51 170 269 153 156 510 -
Canada - - - - 213 1590 1671 2132 1944
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Denmark - - 332 2077 1116 819 1388 1252 1998
Finland - - 347 334 203 - - - 158
France - - 2 2033 1228 2832 3348 2228 3341
Germany - - 19 351 995 899 847 626 2117
Greece - - - - - - - - 71
Hungary - - - - - - - - -
Italy - - 180 290 148 1694 2441 2496 1992
Japan - - - 35 27 - - - -
Korea - - - - - - - - -
Mexico - - - - - - - - 29
Netherlands - - 150 1634 2450 6822 9136 8547 9143
Norway - - - - 155 - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
Portugal - - - 390 727 2544 2550 2521 2920
Spain - - 134 404 665 908 1289 1988 1501
Sweden - - 183 108 - 83 184 - -
Turkey - - - - - - 2169 2580 2641
United Kingdom - - 89 2136 2648 4950 2353 2633 2512
United States - - - 1305 2483 6412 13341 17640 21297
Other OECD(2) - - - 808 979 1000 1151 893 1129

Total Non-OECD 50 5 410 1250 2906 2737 9185 8941 6896

Brazil - - - - 69 149 442 286 268
Bulgaria - - - - - - - - -
Chile - - - - 200 526 872 673 598
China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -
Chinese Taipei - - - - - - - - -
Hong Kong, China - - 100 600 344 - - - -
India - - - - - - - - -
Israel - - 100 548 886 773 2838 4722 3371
Morocco - - - 29 51 - 572 - 120
Romania - - - - - 69 - - -
Russia - - - - - - - 7 28
Ukraine - - - - - - - - -
Other Africa - - - - - - - - -
Other Asia - - - - - - - - -
Other Eastern Europe - - - - - 425 891 549 357
Other FSU - - - - - - - - -
Other Latin America 50 5 210 73 1356 795 3570 2704 2154
Other Middle East - - - - - - - - -

Non-Specified/Other - - 1176 52 - 122 - 334 -

Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) Australia, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Slovak Republic and Switzerland.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.26 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

Hong Kong (China)

COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 80-90 90-05

Production - - - - - - - - -
Imports 0.0 4.9 7.8 8.0 5.3 9.4 9.5 98.6 1.3
Exports - - - - - - - - -
Stock Changes - - - - - - - x x
Primary Supply 0.0 4.9 7.8 8.0 5.3 9.4 9.5 98.6 1.3
Statistical Difference - -0.3 0.8 0.5 0.7 - - x x
Total Transformation -0.0 -4.5 -8.7 -8.5 -6.0 -9.4 -9.5 123.4 0.6
Electricity and Heat Gen. - -4.5 -8.7 -8.5 -6.0 -9.4 -9.5 - 0.6
Main activity producers (1) - -4.5 -8.7 -8.5 -6.0 -9.4 -9.5 - 0.6
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Gas Works - - - - - - - - -
(2)
Coal Transformation -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 - - - -8.9 -
BKB plants - - - - - - - - -
Blast Furnaces -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 - - - -8.9 -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel plants - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - - - -
Own use - - - - - - - - -
Distribution Losses - - - - - - - x x
(4)
Final Consumption 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - - - -17.9 -
(5)
Industry sector 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - - - -17.9 -
Iron and Steel 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - - - -12.3 -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, pulp and print - - - - - - - - -
Transport sector(6) - - - - - - - - -
(7)
Other Sectors - - - - - - - - -
Comm. and pub. services - - - - - - - - -
Residential - - - - - - - - -
Non-energy Use - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by the
* respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.27

Hong Kong (China)

HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 2006

Hard Coal 8 3 5523 8928 9109 6058 10444 10823 11402

Coking Coal - - - - - 43 - - -
Australia - - - - - - - - -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States - - - - - - - - -
Other OECD - - - - - - - - -

China, People's Rep. - - - - - 43 - - -

Colombia - - - - - - - - -
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - - - - - - - -
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - - - - - - -
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - - -
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - - -

Steam Coal 8 3 5523 8928 9109 6015 10444 10823 11402

Australia - - 1986 3003 2568 276 869 - 239
Canada - - 584 - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States - - - 108 - - - - -
Other OECD - - - - - - - - -

China, People's Rep. 8 3 709 1708 1233 2265 1012 938 818
Colombia - - - 234 344 - - - -
Indonesia - - - 659 2192 2846 8563 9825 10219
South Africa - - 2244 3216 2770 567 - - -
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - - 2 61 - 60 126
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - - -
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some countries.
* In these tables coal used for PCI and for blending has been classified by the IEA as Steam Coal. Accordingly, trade data
* reported in these tables may differ from those reported in Part III where this coal is shown as Coking Coal to be consistent with
* data reported by importing countries and with industry terminology and practice.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.28 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

India

COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 80-90 90-05

Production 76.6 105.2 149.6 186.9 208.9 253.6 266.1 6.9 3.9
Imports 0.5 2.0 5.9 12.4 21.0 28.4 37.1 27.4 13.0
Exports -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.5 -1.0 -1.0 -1.4 -0.9 22.6
Stock Changes -2.5 1.4 -3.9 -0.7 5.8 3.8 -4.7 x x
Primary Supply 74.5 108.4 151.5 198.1 234.8 284.9 297.1 7.4 4.6
Statistical Difference 2.2 2.3 2.1 2.2 2.1 0.9 -1.3 x x
Total Transformation -36.6 -58.6 -92.8 -144.7 -189.7 -229.8 -241.1 9.8 6.6
Electricity and Heat Gen. -30.2 -51.3 -82.9 -131.8 -175.7 -210.4 -222.2 10.6 6.8
Main activity producers (1) -25.0 -44.6 -74.8 -121.2 -161.2 -191.3 -204.0 11.6 6.9
Autoproducers -5.2 -6.7 -8.2 -10.5 -14.5 -19.1 -18.2 4.6 5.5
Gas Works - - - - -0.1 -0.0 -0.0 - -
(2)
Coal Transformation -6.4 -7.2 -9.9 -13.0 -13.9 -19.4 -18.9 4.5 4.4
BKB plants -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.3 7.9 0.4
Blast Furnaces -4.8 -4.8 -4.9 -5.4 -8.7 -8.1 -8.6 0.1 3.8
Coke Ovens -1.5 -2.2 -4.8 -7.3 -5.0 -11.0 -10.0 12.6 5.1
Patent Fuel plants - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - - - -
Own use -0.9 -1.3 -1.8 -1.7 -1.0 -0.6 -0.8 6.9 -5.6
Distribution Losses - - - - - - - x x
(4)
Final Consumption 39.2 50.8 59.0 53.9 46.2 55.4 53.9 4.2 -0.6
(5)
Industry sector 21.0 31.5 40.3 37.7 34.4 42.1 42.1 6.7 0.3
Iron and Steel 8.5 9.2 11.7 14.6 12.1 17.8 18.4 3.3 3.1
Chemical 1.9 2.7 3.9 4.7 3.5 2.9 1.9 7.4 -4.9
Non-metallic minerals 5.1 6.2 9.5 9.9 12.7 13.3 14.8 6.3 3.0
Paper, pulp and print 1.4 1.8 2.0 2.3 1.8 1.9 2.0 3.6 -0.0
Transport sector(6) 7.8 6.4 3.5 0.2 - - - -7.8 -
(7)
Other Sectors 10.4 13.0 15.2 16.1 11.9 13.3 11.8 3.9 -1.7
Comm. and pub. services 4.4 5.0 5.3 5.6 4.1 4.0 4.2 1.7 -1.5
Residential 3.2 3.6 4.3 4.2 4.0 3.9 3.9 3.0 -0.6
Non-energy Use - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by the
* respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.29

India

HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 2006

Hard Coal 220 550 2030 5100 12510 16565 30960 37149 40529

Coking Coal 220 550 1936 5000 9370 8372 15951 19560 18626
Australia 20 287 1936 4665 8283 7824 14833 15903 15549
Canada 200 263 - - - - 49 - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - 284 - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States - - - - - 11 743 1049 697
Other OECD - - - 51 187 63 - 115 672

China, People's Rep. - - - - - 474 286 754 781

Colombia - - - - - - - - -
Indonesia - - - - - - - 1711 514
South Africa - - - - - - 40 - 250
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - - - - - 28 -
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - - -
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - - 900 - - - 163

Steam Coal - - 94 100 3140 8193 15009 17589 21903

Australia - - 94 100 - 2748 1507 839 439
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - 1 - -
United States - - - - - - 223 72 -
Other OECD - - - - 1 - - - -

China, People's Rep. - - - - 399 1610 2605 2589 3206

Colombia - - - - - - - - -
Indonesia - - - - - 2256 9912 11657 16045
South Africa - - - - - 1507 683 2360 2204
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - - - 72 78 28 -
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - - -
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - 9
Non-Specified/Other - - - - 2740 - - 44 -
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some countries.
* In these tables coal used for PCI and for blending has been classified by the IEA as Steam Coal. Accordingly, trade data
* reported in these tables may differ from those reported in Part III where this coal is shown as Coking Coal to be consistent with
* data reported by importing countries and with industry terminology and practice.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.30 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

Indonesia

COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 80-90 90-05

Production 0.3 1.8 9.2 36.1 67.3 116.3 133.8 42.5 19.5
Imports 0.0 0.0 0.7 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.1 35.0 -13.1
Exports -0.1 -0.9 -4.3 -27.5 -50.4 -84.6 -97.6 45.8 23.2
Stock Changes 0.0 - - -0.1 - - - x x
Primary Supply 0.2 0.8 5.6 9.1 17.0 31.8 36.3 37.2 13.2
Statistical Difference 0.0 -0.3 -0.8 -2.0 2.6 - - x x
Total Transformation -0.0 -0.2 -3.9 -4.9 -12.1 -20.1 -22.6 75.0 12.4
Electricity and Heat Gen. - -0.1 -3.9 -4.9 -12.1 -20.1 -22.6 - 12.4
Main activity producers (1) - -0.1 -3.9 -4.9 -12.1 -20.1 -22.6 - 12.4
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Gas Works - - - - - - - - -
(2)
Coal Transformation -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 0.0 - 3.9 -
BKB plants - - - - - - - - -
Blast Furnaces -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 - - - - 3.9 -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel plants - - - -0.0 -0.0 0.0 - - -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - - - -
Own use -0.1 -0.1 - - - - - - -
Distribution Losses - - - - - - - x x
(4)
Final Consumption 0.2 0.4 0.9 2.2 7.6 11.7 13.7 15.7 19.8
(5)
Industry sector 0.2 0.3 0.9 2.2 7.6 11.7 13.7 16.9 19.8
Iron and Steel 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.2 0.2 3.1 14.7
Chemical 0.1 - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals 0.1 0.3 0.8 1.6 2.0 4.9 4.7 26.3 12.1
Paper, pulp and print - - - 0.5 0.7 1.0 1.0 - -
Transport sector(6) 0.0 0.0 - - - - - - -
(7)
Other Sectors - 0.0 - 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - -
Comm. and pub. services - - - - - - - - -
Residential - - - 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - -
Non-energy Use - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by the
* respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.31

Indonesia

COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 2006

Total Exports - - 103 286 2411 4254 15309 18948 25347

Exports to:
Total OECD - - 103 286 2411 4254 15193 15717 10755
Austria - - - - - - - - -
Belgium - - - - - - - - -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Denmark - - - - - - - - 167
Finland - - - - - - - - -
France - - - - - - - 44 -
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Greece - - - - - - - - 33
Hungary - - - - - - - - -
Italy - - - - - - 18 359 584
Japan - - 103 240 2153 3604 15175 14000 3558
Korea - - - - 44 209 - 694 1440
Mexico - - - - - - - - -
Netherlands - - - 46 214 441 - - 491
Norway - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
Portugal - - - - - - - - -
Spain - - - - - - - 508 1993
Sweden - - - - - - - - -
Turkey - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - 733
United States - - - - - - - 46 1000
Other OECD(2) - - - - - - - 66 756

Total Non-OECD - - - - - - 116 3231 14059

Brazil - - - - - - - - -
Bulgaria - - - - - - - - -
Chile - - - - - - - - -
China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - 218 1847
Chinese Taipei - - - - - - - 1103 1801
Hong Kong, China - - - - - - - 454 2830
India - - - - - - - 1065 3239
Israel - - - - - - - - -
Morocco - - - - - - - - -
Romania - - - - - - - - -
Russia - - - - - - - - -
Ukraine - - - - - - - - -
Other Africa - - - - - - - - 75
Other Asia - - - - - - - 370 4096
Other Eastern Europe - - - - - - 116 21 171
Other FSU - - - - - - - - -
Other Latin America - - - - - - - - -
Other Middle East - - - - - - - - -

Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - - 533
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) Australia, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Slovak Republic and Switzerland.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.32 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

Indonesia

STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 2006

Total Exports 32 112 978 4574 28908 54480 80840 90909 103995
Exports to:
Total OECD - 9 306 891 11024 26318 31318 36055 50122
Austria - - - - - - - - -
Belgium - - - 6 - - 240 6 -
Canada - - - - - - - - 59
Czech Republic - - - - 18 - - - -
Denmark - - - - 285 - - - 67
Finland - - - - - - - - -
France - - - - 65 - 184 306 -
Germany - - - 38 172 105 315 109 310
Greece - - - - - 133 56 80 73
Hungary - - - - - - 3 - -
Italy - - - - 31 1637 4795 2422 3022
Japan - 9 306 663 5998 13101 7199 10238 23016
Korea - - - 33 1795 4825 11276 9270 9486
Mexico - - - - - - - - -
Netherlands - - - 133 855 2700 806 1076 4384
Norway - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - - 7 - - -
Portugal - - - - - 70 - 119 314
Spain - - - - 881 2793 2513 3146 2239
Sweden - - - - - - - - -
Turkey - - - - - - 42 - -
United Kingdom - - - - 86 - 702 1772 1876
United States - - - - 748 627 1624 1884 1505
Other OECD(2) - - - 18 90 320 1563 5627 3771

Total Non-OECD 32 103 672 3683 17866 28162 49522 46429 44806
Brazil - - - - - 468 326 146 150
Bulgaria - - - - 123 - - - -
Chile - - - 70 719 906 584 889 1623
China, People's Rep. - - - 105 336 142 1206 1008 2242
Chinese Taipei - - - 546 5556 11786 16614 13421 15186
Hong Kong, China - - - 660 4481 2816 6732 8515 6544
India - - - 110 1800 3373 9145 7675 7536
Israel - - - - - - - - -
Morocco - - - - - - - - 122
Romania - - - - - - - - -
Russia - - - - - - - - -
Ukraine - - - - - - - - -
Other Africa - - - - - - 69 155 -
Other Asia 32 103 672 2192 4582 8032 13610 14091 10957
Other Eastern Europe - - - - 269 567 1082 449 446
Other FSU - - - - - - - 53 -
Other Latin America - - - - - 72 154 15 -
Other Middle East - - - - - - - 12 -

Non-Specified/Other - - - - 18 - - 8425 9067

Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) Australia, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Slovak Republic and Switzerland.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.33

Israel

COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 80-90 90-05

Production - - 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 - 2.1

Imports 0.0 2.8 3.6 6.3 8.9 11.5 11.3 113.7 7.9
Exports - - - - - - - - -
Stock Changes -0.0 -0.1 -0.3 -0.5 0.6 0.1 -0.5 x x
Primary Supply 0.0 2.6 3.4 5.9 9.5 11.6 10.9 127.3 8.0
Statistical Difference - - - 0.0 -0.3 -0.0 - x x
Total Transformation -0.0 -2.6 -3.4 -5.9 -9.2 -11.5 -10.9 139.3 8.1
Electricity and Heat Gen. - -2.6 -3.4 -5.9 -9.2 -11.5 -10.9 - 8.1
Main activity producers (1) - -2.6 -3.4 -5.9 -9.2 -11.5 -10.9 - 8.0
Autoproducers - - - - -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 - -
Gas Works - - - - - - - - -
(2)
Coal Transformation -0.0 -0.0 - - - - - - -
BKB plants - - - - - - - - -
Blast Furnaces -0.0 -0.0 - - - - - - -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel plants - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - - - -
Own use - - - - - - - - -
Distribution Losses - - - - - - - x x
(4)
Final Consumption 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - - 45.8 -
(5)
Industry sector 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - - 45.8 -
Iron and Steel 0.0 0.0 - - - - - - -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, pulp and print - - - - - - - - -
Transport sector(6) - - - - - - - - -
(7)
Other Sectors - - - - - - - - -
Comm. and pub. services - - - - - - - - -
Residential - - - - - - - - -
Non-energy Use - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by the
* respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.34 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

Israel

HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 2006

Hard Coal - 1 3063 3998 7090 9636 11058 9684 8223

Coking Coal - - - 50 153 - - - -

Australia - - - - 26 - - - -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States - - - 50 127 - - - -
Other OECD - - - - - - - - -

China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -

Colombia - - - - - - - - -
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - - - - - - - -
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - - - - - - -
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - - -
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - - -

Steam Coal - 1 3063 3948 6937 9636 11058 9684 8223

Australia - 1 577 528 695 1228 - - 75
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - - - - 5 -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States - - 421 539 610 480 - - -
Other OECD - - - - - - - - -

China, People's Rep. - - - - 161 - 2 1 -

Colombia - - 100 548 886 1992 2711 4712 3371
Indonesia - - - - 161 1416 - - -
South Africa - - 1965 2333 4424 4520 6822 4966 4777
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - - - - 1523 - -
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - - -
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some countries.
* In these tables coal used for PCI and for blending has been classified by the IEA as Steam Coal. Accordingly, trade data
* reported in these tables may differ from those reported in Part III where this coal is shown as Coking Coal to be consistent with
* data reported by importing countries and with industry terminology and practice.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.35

Kazakhstan

COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 80-90 90-05

Production - - 82.9 53.1 48.8 54.6 54.4 - -2.8

Imports - - 6.8 1.5 1.0 1.2 1.1 - -11.3
Exports - - -32.6 -13.3 -18.4 -15.7 -16.1 - -4.6
Stock Changes - - - - 0.3 -0.5 -0.0 x x
Primary Supply - - 57.1 41.3 31.6 39.5 39.4 - -2.4
Statistical Difference - - - - - - - x x
Total Transformation - - -35.5 -26.3 -24.7 -30.2 -29.0 - -1.4
Electricity and Heat Gen. - - -34.4 -23.9 -20.9 -26.3 -25.5 - -2.0
Main activity producers (1) - - -34.4 -23.9 -20.9 -26.3 -25.5 - -2.0
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Gas Works - - - - - - - - -
(2)
Coal Transformation - - -1.1 -2.3 -3.8 -3.9 -3.5 - 8.0
BKB plants - - - - - - - - -
Blast Furnaces - - -1.0 -1.6 -1.3 -1.4 -1.3 - 2.0
Coke Ovens - - -0.1 -0.7 -2.5 -2.5 -2.1 - 21.6
Patent Fuel plants - - - - 0.0 0.0 0.0 - -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - - - -
Own use - - - - - - - - -
Distribution Losses - - - - -0.1 -0.9 -1.3 x x
(4)
Final Consumption - - 21.6 15.1 6.8 8.5 9.1 - -5.6
(5)
Industry sector - - 21.6 15.1 5.9 7.9 8.2 - -6.2
Iron and Steel - - 0.2 0.7 0.9 1.1 1.0 - 10.1
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, pulp and print - - - - - - - - -
Transport sector(6) - - - - - - - - -
(7)
Other Sectors - - - - 0.0 0.0 0.0 - -
Comm. and pub. services - - - - - - - - -
Residential - - - - 0.0 0.0 0.0 - -
Non-energy Use - - - - 1.0 0.5 0.9 - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by the
* respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.36 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

Kazakhstan

HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 2006

Hard Coal 10000 8207 7148 3277 1209 668 467 264 129

Coking Coal - - - - 96 - - - 3
Australia - - - - - - - - -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States - - - - - - - - -
Other OECD - - - - - - - - -

China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -

Colombia - - - - - - - - -
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - - - - - - - -
Former USSR(2) - - - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - - - 92 - - - 3
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - - - - - -
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - - 4 - - - -

Steam Coal 10000 8207 7148 3277 1113 668 467 264 126
Australia - - - - - - - - -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - 30 - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States - - - - - - - - -
Other OECD - - - - - - - - -

China, People's Rep. - - - - - 2 - - -

Colombia - - - - - - - - -
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - - - - - - - -
Former USSR(2) 10000 8207 - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - 7148 3277 1037 480 467 264 126
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - 46 - - - -
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - - - 186 - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some countries.
* In these tables coal used for PCI and for blending has been classified by the IEA as Steam Coal. Accordingly, trade data
* reported in these tables may differ from those reported in Part III where this coal is shown as Coking Coal to be consistent with
* data reported by importing countries and with industry terminology and practice.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.37

Kazakhstan

COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 2006

Total Exports 4000 - - - 1999 291 - - -

Exports to:
Total OECD - - - - 9 - - - -
Austria - - - - - - - - -
Belgium - - - - - - - - -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Denmark - - - - - - - - -
Finland - - - - - - - - -
France - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Greece - - - - - - - - -
Hungary - - - - - - - - -
Italy - - - - - - - - -
Japan - - - - - - - - -
Korea - - - - - - - - -
Mexico - - - - - - - - -
Netherlands - - - - - - - - -
Norway - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
Portugal - - - - - - - - -
Spain - - - - - - - - -
Sweden - - - - - - - - -
Turkey - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States - - - - 9 - - - -
Other OECD(2) - - - - - - - - -

Total Non-OECD - - - - 1990 - - - -

Brazil - - - - - - - - -
Bulgaria - - - - - - - - -
Chile - - - - - - - - -
China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -
Chinese Taipei - - - - - - - - -
Hong Kong, China - - - - 14 - - - -
India - - - - - - - - -
Israel - - - - - - - - -
Morocco - - - - - - - - -
Romania - - - - - - - - -
Russia - - - - 1959 - - - -
Ukraine - - - - 10 - - - -
Other Africa - - - - - - - - -
Other Asia - - - - - - - - -
Other Eastern Europe - - - - - - - - -
Other FSU - - - - 7 - - - -
Other Latin America - - - - - - - - -
Other Middle East - - - - - - - - -

Non-Specified/Other 4000 - - - - 291 - - -

Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) Australia, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Slovak Republic and Switzerland.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.38 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

Kazakhstan

STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 2006

Total Exports 40000 28200 47000 53210 18769 25300 21987 25172 25724
Exports to:
Total OECD - - - - - - 83 138 109
Austria - - - - - - - - -
Belgium - - - - - - - - -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Denmark - - - - - - 3 - -
Finland - - - - - - 28 - 23
France - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Greece - - - - - - - - -
Hungary - - - - - - 28 46 5
Italy - - - - - - 19 5 -
Japan - - - - - - - - -
Korea - - - - - - - - -
Mexico - - - - - - - - -
Netherlands - - - - - - - - -
Norway - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - - - 5 87 81
Portugal - - - - - - - - -
Spain - - - - - - - - -
Sweden - - - - - - - - -
Turkey - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States - - - - - - - - -
Other OECD(2) - - - - - - - - -

Total Non-OECD 40000 28200 47000 53210 18769 25300 21904 25034 25615
Brazil - - - - - - - - -
Bulgaria - - - - - - - - -
Chile - - - - - - - - -
China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -
Chinese Taipei - - - - - - - - -
Hong Kong, China - - - - - - - - -
India - - - - - - - - -
Israel - - - - - - - - -
Morocco - - - - - - - - -
Romania - - - - - - - - -
Russia 40000 28200 47000 53210 18226 24080 21904 25034 25615
Ukraine - - - - 16 1220 - - -
Other Africa - - - - - - - - -
Other Asia - - - - - - - - -
Other Eastern Europe - - - - - - - - -
Other FSU - - - - 527 - - - -
Other Latin America - - - - - - - - -
Other Middle East - - - - - - - - -

Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) Australia, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Slovak Republic and Switzerland.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.39

Romania

COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 80-90 90-05

Production 11.6 14.7 12.4 11.3 8.0 8.5 8.3 0.7 -2.6
Imports 6.4 7.3 6.4 4.4 2.7 4.3 4.0 0.1 -3.1
Exports - - - -0.3 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 - -
Stock Changes - - -0.3 0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.1 x x
Primary Supply 17.9 22.0 18.5 15.4 10.6 12.7 12.4 0.3 -2.6
Statistical Difference -0.3 -0.7 -0.1 -0.3 -0.1 -0.6 -0.5 x x
Total Transformation -9.6 -13.6 -13.8 -12.9 -9.2 -10.0 -9.9 3.7 -2.2
Electricity and Heat Gen. -6.7 -10.0 -11.3 -10.9 -8.0 -8.4 -8.4 5.3 -1.9
Main activity producers (1) -6.7 -7.5 -9.2 -10.7 -7.7 -7.6 -7.8 3.2 -1.1
Autoproducers - -2.6 -2.0 -0.2 -0.3 -0.8 -0.7 - -7.3
Gas Works - - - - - - - - -
(2)
Coal Transformation -2.9 -3.6 -2.6 -1.9 -1.2 -1.6 -1.5 -1.2 -3.5
BKB plants -0.5 -0.5 -0.2 - - - - -6.9 -
Blast Furnaces -2.6 -3.0 -2.1 -1.4 -0.9 -1.4 -1.3 -2.2 -3.2
Coke Ovens -0.1 -0.5 -0.3 -0.5 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 9.2 -4.0
Patent Fuel plants 0.4 0.4 0.1 - - - - -9.5 -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - - - -
Own use - - - -0.1 -0.2 -0.5 -0.4 - -
Distribution Losses - - -0.2 -0.2 -0.0 -0.1 -0.1 x x
(4)
Final Consumption 8.1 7.7 4.3 1.9 1.1 1.5 1.5 -6.1 -6.7
(5)
Industry sector 4.9 4.8 3.0 1.8 1.0 1.4 1.5 -4.9 -4.6
Iron and Steel 3.8 4.0 2.3 1.7 0.8 1.1 1.2 -4.8 -4.2
Chemical - - 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.2 - -0.6
Non-metallic minerals - - 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 - -4.3
Paper, pulp and print - - - 0.0 0.0 - - - -
Transport sector(6) - - 0.0 0.0 - 0.0 - - -
(7)
Other Sectors 3.2 2.9 1.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 -8.4 -21.6
Comm. and pub. services - - - - 0.0 0.0 0.0 - -
Residential 0.5 0.6 0.9 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 5.2 -22.4
Non-energy Use - - - 0.0 - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by the
* respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.40 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

Romania

HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 2006

Hard Coal 4669 3949 6048 4981 4681 2521 1483 2716 2190

Coking Coal 3600 3400 4000 3600 4675 2370 1007 1577 1809
Australia 675 267 595 1200 513 - - - -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - 12 57 - - - 1
Germany - - - - 2 - - - -
Poland - - - 100 147 62 - - -
United Kingdom - - - - 98 - - - -
United States 673 853 1051 1188 1437 678 - 547 510
Other OECD - - - - 165 - - - 34

China, People's Rep. - - - 400 124 - - - -

Colombia - - - - - - - - -
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - - - - - - - 140
Former USSR(2) 2252 2280 - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - 2154 500 1741 1630 1007 1030 1074
Other Former USSR (3) - - 200 200 97 - - - 10
Venezuela - - - - - - - - 40
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - - 294 - - - -

Steam Coal 1069 549 2048 1381 6 151 476 1139 381
Australia - 49 - 33 - - - - -
Canada - - - - - - 58 - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - 16 - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States - 413 - 11 2 - - 230 -
Other OECD - - - - - - - - -

China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -

Colombia - - - - - 69 - - -
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - - - - - - - -
Former USSR(2) 1069 87 - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - 2048 1321 3 31 - 832 381
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - 1 - 37 77 -
Venezuela - - - - - 51 - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - 381 - -
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some countries.
* In these tables coal used for PCI and for blending has been classified by the IEA as Steam Coal. Accordingly, trade data
* reported in these tables may differ from those reported in Part III where this coal is shown as Coking Coal to be consistent with
* data reported by importing countries and with industry terminology and practice.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.41

Russia

COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 80-90 90-05

Production - - 256.5 167.2 167.2 185.9 198.6 - -1.7

Imports - - 47.8 17.8 20.0 17.6 17.7 - -6.4
Exports - - -50.1 -22.4 -31.1 -57.5 -65.2 - 1.8
Stock Changes - - 5.6 4.1 2.2 2.8 -3.4 x x
Primary Supply - - 259.8 166.7 158.3 148.8 147.7 - -3.7
Statistical Difference - - 8.4 12.8 0.0 0.4 0.0 x x
Total Transformation - - -171.3 -130.5 -126.4 -124.0 -121.3 - -2.3
Electricity and Heat Gen. - - -149.9 -115.6 -114.1 -108.4 -109.8 - -2.1
Main activity producers (1) - - -149.9 -88.1 -80.6 -72.5 -74.6 - -4.5
Autoproducers - - - -27.5 -33.5 -35.9 -35.2 - -
Gas Works - - - - - - - - -
(2)
Coal Transformation - - -21.4 -14.9 -12.3 -15.6 -11.5 - -4.0
BKB plants - - -1.5 -0.6 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 - -32.7
Blast Furnaces - - -17.7 -12.7 -10.6 -11.7 -9.4 - -4.2
Coke Ovens - - -2.2 -1.6 -1.7 -3.8 -2.1 - -0.1
Patent Fuel plants - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - - - -
Own use - - -0.8 -0.7 -0.8 -0.8 -0.8 - 0.4
Distribution Losses - - -17.8 -8.8 -1.5 -0.0 - x x
(4)
Final Consumption - - 78.4 39.5 29.6 24.4 25.6 - -7.2
(5)
Industry sector - - 22.5 23.5 15.0 14.4 16.9 - -1.9
Iron and Steel - - 16.8 19.2 11.3 10.6 14.8 - -0.8
Chemical - - 0.6 0.5 0.1 0.0 0.0 - -20.1
Non-metallic minerals - - 0.5 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.9 - 4.7
Paper, pulp and print - - - - - - 0.0 - -
Transport sector(6) - - 0.0 0.0 - - - - -
(7)
Other Sectors - - 55.9 16.0 13.6 9.2 7.7 - -12.4
Comm. and pub. services - - 28.6 1.1 0.5 0.4 3.6 - -12.9
Residential - - 16.6 10.9 12.2 7.3 3.9 - -9.3
Non-energy Use - - 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 - 25.3
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by the
* respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.42 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

Russia

COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 2006

Total Exports 10100 24000 25655 31573 8693 6704 13832 12130 10357
Exports to:
Total OECD 4078 4078 3738 10503 6133 1504 6341 5091 4041
Austria 734 734 397 608 161 - - 38 -
Belgium - - - - - - 43 - -
Canada - - - - 111 - - - -
Czech Republic - - - 1532 - - 2 - -
Denmark 2 2 - - 67 - - - 37
Finland - - - 463 431 91 83 114 228
France - - 89 - 84 - 25 - -
Germany 56 56 363 177 - - 172 190 -
Greece - - - - - - - - -
Hungary - - - 480 - 132 25 266 199
Italy 986 986 112 131 857 - 122 284 65
Japan 1898 1898 2775 5482 3505 462 3761 2983 2787
Korea - - - 1200 571 - 933 761 413
Mexico - - - - - - - - -
Netherlands - - - - - - 240 271 9
Norway - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - - 736 5 - 9
Portugal - - - - - - - - -
Spain - - - - - 72 138 - 26
Sweden 402 402 2 - 156 - - - -
Turkey - - - 337 - - 205 42 123
United Kingdom - - - 93 158 11 170 - 120
United States - - - - 32 - - - -
Other OECD(2) - - - - - - 417 142 25

Total Non-OECD 2280 19922 21917 21070 2560 5200 7491 7039 6304
Brazil - - - - - - - - -
Bulgaria 200 200 203 156 822 174 381 89 207
Chile - - - - - - - - -
China, People's Rep. - - - - - - 67 - -
Chinese Taipei - - - - - 1337 - 194 127
Hong Kong, China - - - - - - - - -
India - - - - - - - - -
Israel - - - - - - - - -
Morocco - - - - - - - - -
Romania 2080 2080 2154 500 876 1525 1137 885 1074
Russia - - - - - - - - -
Ukraine - 17642 19560 19964 - 2164 5906 5597 4674
Other Africa - - - 150 81 - - 20 -
Other Asia - - - 300 - - - 9 -
Other Eastern Europe - - - - 781 - - 58 205
Other FSU - - - - - - - 1 17
Other Latin America - - - - - - - - -
Other Middle East - - - - - - - 186 -

Non-Specified/Other 3742 - - - - - - - 12
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) Australia, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Slovak Republic and Switzerland.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.43

Russia

STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 2006

Total Exports 63012 38638 34645 24478 17570 29651 51361 66528 81732
Exports to:
Total OECD 3012 2638 3289 10103 8296 25585 42408 48653 58432
Austria 33 48 127 - 156 - 65 9 -
Belgium 233 216 73 234 871 788 1670 1505 1434
Canada - - - - - - - 222 54
Czech Republic - - - - 242 - 28 51 212
Denmark 528 395 247 1142 - 1295 1875 855 554
Finland 697 589 852 1905 122 2449 6099 4957 4955
France 853 780 75 777 - 282 758 380 811
Germany 96 143 166 157 593 928 4215 1976 2658
Greece 12 25 29 324 215 320 447 129 135
Hungary - - - - 83 - 69 137 193
Italy - - 150 609 201 1092 2161 827 577
Japan 149 233 1020 2845 1936 7041 5020 6553 6048
Korea - - - - 200 2565 3335 2497 2937
Mexico - - - - - - - - -
Netherlands 57 - 10 32 85 209 156 1412 4239
Norway - - 2 97 52 13 18 - 33
Poland - - - - 164 14 789 2111 3306
Portugal - - 7 54 35 - 2 - -
Spain 196 90 91 285 138 1340 2989 2865 1995
Sweden 52 73 407 573 282 271 679 469 218
Turkey - - - 530 1249 5063 974 6735 10065
United Kingdom 106 46 23 499 192 480 9788 12843 16187
United States - - - - - - 160 54 378
Other OECD(2) - .. 10 40 1480 1435 1111 2066 1443

Total Non-OECD - 36000 31356 14375 9038 4066 8953 17568 22692
Brazil - .. .. .. - - - 557 553
Bulgaria - - - - 1010 364 641 868 861
Chile - .. .. .. - - - - -
China, People's Rep. - .. .. .. 81 72 678 1037 623
Chinese Taipei - .. .. .. 114 - 1592 1330 960
Hong Kong, China - .. .. .. - 61 136 - -
India - .. .. .. - 36 78 51 25
Israel - .. .. .. - - 1523 - -
Morocco - .. .. .. 46 - 120 58 155
Romania - - - - 697 5 - 832 759
Russia - .. .. .. - - - - -
Ukraine - 16833 14662 6722 5204 2175 3468 2111 3687
Other Africa - .. .. .. - - - - -
Other Asia - .. .. .. 261 - 88 31 2277
Other Eastern Europe - .. .. .. 232 - 56 9146 10592
Other FSU - 19167 16694 7653 1393 1353 573 1499 2194
Other Latin America - .. .. .. - - - - 5
Other Middle East - .. .. .. - - - 48 1

Non-Specified/Other 60000 - - - 236 - - 307 608

Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) Australia, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Slovak Republic and Switzerland.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.44 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

South Africa

COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 80-90 90-05

Production 95.4 142.5 143.1 167.0 180.9 195.8 197.7 4.1 2.2
Imports - - - 0.4 1.2 1.8 2.0 - -
Exports -27.2 -46.0 -48.0 -57.0 -66.8 -65.0 -68.3 5.8 2.4
Stock Changes - - - 0.3 1.6 2.2 - x x
Primary Supply 68.1 96.5 95.1 110.7 116.9 134.9 131.3 3.4 2.2
Statistical Difference 5.8 -3.7 6.7 -2.5 -0.1 -2.3 -1.5 x x
Total Transformation -47.6 -70.1 -78.9 -86.6 -95.4 -108.4 -108.3 5.2 2.1
Electricity and Heat Gen. -37.2 -44.9 -51.7 -60.2 -68.3 -77.2 -75.8 3.4 2.6
Main activity producers (1) -32.1 -40.8 -48.6 -56.6 -64.4 -73.6 -72.1 4.2 2.7
Autoproducers -5.1 -4.1 -3.2 -3.5 -4.0 -3.7 -3.7 -4.8 1.1
Gas Works -3.5 -3.7 -3.9 -4.5 -4.6 -5.8 -5.8 1.2 2.7
(2)
Coal Transformation -3.9 -3.3 -3.2 -2.1 -1.3 -0.7 -1.7 -2.0 -4.1
BKB plants - - - - - - - - -
Blast Furnaces -2.6 -1.9 -1.6 -1.1 -0.7 -0.7 -0.7 -4.9 -4.8
Coke Ovens -1.3 -1.4 -1.6 -1.0 -0.6 -0.0 -1.0 2.0 -3.5
Patent Fuel plants - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation(3) -3.1 -18.2 -20.1 -19.9 -21.2 -24.7 -24.9 20.6 1.5
Own use -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 - - - - -3.5 -
Distribution Losses - - - - - - - x x
(4)
Final Consumption 26.2 22.6 22.8 21.5 21.5 24.1 21.5 -1.4 -0.4
(5)
Industry sector 20.0 16.0 15.3 10.7 11.7 12.8 12.7 -2.6 -1.2
Iron and Steel 9.8 9.4 8.9 5.6 5.4 5.6 5.7 -0.9 -2.9
Chemical - - - 1.5 1.1 - - - -
Non-metallic minerals 2.1 2.0 1.8 1.5 1.1 1.7 1.8 -1.5 -0.1
Paper, pulp and print - - - - - - - - -
Transport sector(6) 1.8 0.9 0.1 0.0 - - - -28.0 -
(7)
Other Sectors 3.3 3.1 3.5 4.0 2.2 6.2 6.8 0.5 4.6
Comm. and pub. services 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.4 0.7 2.0 2.3 1.8 3.7
Residential 2.1 1.7 2.1 2.4 1.4 4.1 4.5 -0.1 5.2
Non-energy Use 1.2 2.7 4.0 6.8 7.5 5.1 2.0 13.1 -4.4
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by the
* respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.45

South Africa

COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 2006

Total Exports 2700 3447 5142 4033 6305 - 2748 1111 1089
Exports to:
Total OECD 2700 3347 5142 3633 5181 - 2308 836 855
Austria - - - - - - - - -
Belgium - - 34 157 176 - 787 209 62
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Denmark - - - - - - - - -
Finland - - - - - - - - -
France - 544 - - 570 - - 45 267
Germany - - - - 30 - - - -
Greece - - - - - - - - -
Hungary - - - - - - - - -
Italy - - - - 280 - 1439 213 366
Japan 2700 2803 4586 3375 3375 - - - -
Korea - - 300 100 750 - - - -
Mexico - - - - - - - - -
Netherlands - - 21 1 - - 82 242 100
Norway - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
Portugal - - - - - - - - -
Spain - - - - - - - - -
Sweden - - - - - - - - -
Turkey - - 200 - - - - 35 -
United Kingdom - - 1 - - - - 71 60
United States - - - - - - - - -
Other OECD(2) - - - - - - - 21 -

Total Non-OECD - 100 - 400 1124 - 440 274 234

Brazil - - - 400 1124 - 252 208 129
Bulgaria - - - - - - - - -
Chile - - - - - - - - 66
China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -
Chinese Taipei - 100 - - - - - - -
Hong Kong, China - - - - - - - - -
India - - - - - - 48 33 39
Israel - - - - - - - - -
Morocco - - - - - - - - -
Romania - - - - - - - - -
Russia - - - - - - - - -
Ukraine - - - - - - - - -
Other Africa - - - - - - - 19 -
Other Asia - - - - - - - - -
Other Eastern Europe - - - - - - 140 - -
Other FSU - - - - - - - - -
Other Latin America - - - - - - - 8 -
Other Middle East - - - - - - - 6 -

Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - 1 -
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) Australia, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Slovak Republic and Switzerland.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.46 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

South Africa

STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 2006

Total Exports 12689 24712 42488 45867 53371 67001 63654 71850 67747
Exports to:
Total OECD 12689 22361 33978 32994 39235 48763 50763 56971 52949
Austria - - - 6 - - - - -
Belgium 606 2050 2078 4365 3641 2504 2351 1638 1549
Canada - - - - - 46 - - 180
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Denmark 868 3118 3496 - 3666 1721 1590 1930 2202
Finland - - - - 325 - - - 120
France 6643 8596 6444 863 1395 5872 3260 4978 4148
Germany 1108 1492 3196 4512 3670 3979 3872 3150 3278
Greece - - 207 1017 630 269 - 70 -
Hungary - - - - - - - - -
Italy 960 3132 6641 4884 3653 4173 3965 4604 4329
Japan 157 385 4091 1427 3039 1661 31 145 -
Korea 1861 2000 3700 5733 3850 2385 - 130 -
Mexico - - - - - 41 - - -
Netherlands 309 459 812 1304 3503 7564 14726 16888 16284
Norway - - - - 30 - - - -
Poland - - - - - 265 - - -
Portugal 3 3 104 2112 2683 2112 1833 1796 1282
Spain 114 713 2274 4667 7016 8403 9969 8056 7681
Sweden - - 19 - 135 - - - -
Turkey - - - 1252 315 2547 1507 1234 1984
United Kingdom 26 66 724 356 735 4503 7210 11321 9331
United States - - - - 140 50 71 126 -
Other OECD(2) 34 347 192 496 809 668 378 905 581

Total Non-OECD - 1600 7600 12568 14136 17891 12868 14406 14711
Brazil - - - - - 1919 604 627 861
Bulgaria - - - - 60 107 - - 30
Chile - - - 900 - 85 - - 140
China, People's Rep. - - - - 810 522 60 - -
Chinese Taipei - 1600 1000 5685 5138 2488 1411 487 -
Hong Kong, China - - 2200 3217 2763 486 - - -
India - - - - 490 3636 690 3344 2351
Israel - - 2200 2583 3900 5523 6910 4967 4777
Morocco - - - - 100 1978 1780 2790 2841
Romania - - - - - - - - 140
Russia - - - - - - - - -
Ukraine - - - - - - - 57 57
Other Africa - - - - 145 356 497 905 1770
Other Asia - - - 183 40 201 40 227 521
Other Eastern Europe - - - - 185 - 240 412 -
Other FSU - - - - - - - - -
Other Latin America - - 2200 - 505 554 426 370 661
Other Middle East - - - - - 36 210 220 562

Non-Specified/Other - 751 910 305 - 347 23 473 87

Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) Australia, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Slovak Republic and Switzerland.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.47

Ukraine

COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 80-90 90-05

Production - - 121.0 58.1 51.9 49.7 49.5 - -5.8

Imports - - 15.1 13.7 5.8 9.1 6.5 - -5.5
Exports - - -21.7 -1.8 -2.6 -5.6 -2.7 - -12.9
Stock Changes - - 0.7 - - -0.3 0.0 x x
Primary Supply - - 115.2 70.0 55.0 52.9 53.3 - -5.0
Statistical Difference - - -3.9 -0.9 -0.3 1.3 0.4 x x
Total Transformation - - -69.8 -52.3 -41.6 -38.4 -36.4 - -4.3
Electricity and Heat Gen. - - -48.1 -28.8 -19.8 -18.0 -17.8 - -6.4
Main activity producers (1) - - -46.1 -28.8 -19.8 -18.0 -17.8 - -6.1
Autoproducers - - -1.9 - - - - - -
Gas Works - - - - - - - - -
(2)
Coal Transformation - - -21.7 -23.5 -21.9 -20.4 -18.0 - -1.2
BKB plants - - 2.9 0.7 0.3 0.2 0.1 - -21.3
Blast Furnaces - - -12.6 -6.4 -6.4 -7.9 -8.9 - -2.3
Coke Ovens - - -12.4 -17.6 -15.6 -12.6 -9.1 - -2.1
Patent Fuel plants - - 0.4 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 - -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - -0.5 - -
Own use - - -0.9 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.5 - -3.9
Distribution Losses - - -0.3 - - - -0.0 x x
(4)
Final Consumption - - 40.3 16.6 13.1 15.7 16.8 - -5.7
(5)
Industry sector - - 29.5 9.8 9.3 11.4 11.6 - -6.0
Iron and Steel - - 19.2 6.9 7.0 9.7 11.0 - -3.7
Chemical - - 0.4 - - 0.0 0.0 - -24.9
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - 0.2 0.2 - -
Paper, pulp and print - - - - - 0.0 0.0 - -
Transport sector(6) - - 0.1 - - 0.1 0.1 - -1.9
(7)
Other Sectors - - 10.7 6.9 3.8 4.2 3.2 - -7.6
Comm. and pub. services - - - - - 0.6 - - -
Residential - - 7.8 6.3 3.7 3.4 1.9 - -9.1
Non-energy Use - - - - - 0.0 1.8 - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by the
* respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.48 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

Ukraine

HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN*

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 2006

Hard Coal 15000 34475 34222 26686 15296 6606 9374 7918 7293

Coking Coal - 17642 19560 19964 5859 2759 5906 5758 6396
Australia - - - - - - - - -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - 4369 595 - 26 -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States - - - - - - - 139 -
Other OECD - - - - - - - - -

China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -

Colombia - - - - - - - - -
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - - - - - - - -
Former USSR(2) - 17642 - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - 19560 19964 - 2164 5906 5593 6396
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - 1490 - - - -
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - - -

Steam Coal 15000 16833 14662 6722 9437 3847 3468 2160 897
Australia - - - - - - - - -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - 4722 452 - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States - - - - - - - - -
Other OECD - - - - - - - - -

China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -

Colombia - - - - - - - - -
Indonesia - - - - - - - - -
South Africa - - - - - - - 57 57
Former USSR(2) 15000 16833 - - - - - - -
Russia (3) - - 14662 6722 4259 2175 3468 2103 840
Other Former USSR (3) - - - - 456 1220 - - -
Venezuela - - - - - - - - -
Vietnam - - - - - - - - -
Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) If no detail.
(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some countries.
* In these tables coal used for PCI and for blending has been classified by the IEA as Steam Coal. Accordingly, trade data
* reported in these tables may differ from those reported in Part III where this coal is shown as Coking Coal to be consistent with
* data reported by importing countries and with industry terminology and practice.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.49

Ukraine

COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 2006

Total Exports 21000 20600 13789 8114 400 200 282 509 8
Exports to:
Total OECD - - - - - - 82 229 8
Austria - - - - - - - - -
Belgium - - - - - - - - -
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Denmark - - - - - - - - -
Finland - - - - - - - - -
France - - - - - - - - -
Germany - - - - - - - - -
Greece - - - - - - - - -
Hungary - - - - - - - - -
Italy - - - - - - 12 - -
Japan - - - - - - - - -
Korea - - - - - - - - -
Mexico - - - - - - - - -
Netherlands - - - - - - - - -
Norway - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
Portugal - - - - - - - - -
Spain - - - - - - - - -
Sweden - - - - - - - - -
Turkey - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - -
United States - - - - - - 70 - -
Other OECD(2) - - - - - - - 229 8

Total Non-OECD - 20600 13789 8114 400 200 200 280 -

Brazil - - - - - - - - -
Bulgaria - - - - 200 - 200 - -
Chile - - - - - - - - -
China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -
Chinese Taipei - - - - - - - - -
Hong Kong, China - - - - - - - - -
India - - - - - - - - -
Israel - - - - - - - - -
Morocco - - - - - - - - -
Romania - - - - 200 - - - -
Russia - 20600 13789 8114 - 200 - 280 -
Ukraine - - - - - - - - -
Other Africa - - - - - - - - -
Other Asia - - - - - - - - -
Other Eastern Europe - - - - - - - - -
Other FSU - - - - - - - - -
Other Latin America - - - - - - - - -
Other Middle East - - - - - - - - -

Non-Specified/Other 21000 - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) Australia, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Slovak Republic and Switzerland.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.50 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

Ukraine

STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 2006

Total Exports 19000 19000 19379 16577 2000 2297 2587 3157 3456
Exports to:
Total OECD - - - - 493 845 1659 1396 1524
Austria - - - - - - 17 9 -
Belgium - - - - 29 63 147 142 42
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - 1 - 10 2 -
Denmark - - - - 1 - - - -
Finland - - - - - - - - -
France - - - - 21 - 73 - 35
Germany - - - - - - 8 56 26
Greece - - - - - - 42 27 37
Hungary - - - - 6 - 1 - 306
Italy - - - - 22 83 342 176 135
Japan - - - - - - - - -
Korea - - - - - - - - -
Mexico - - - - - - - - -
Netherlands - - - - - - 112 - 5
Norway - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - 33 - 142 121 117
Portugal - - - - - - 3 43 10
Spain - - - - - 52 300 136 205
Sweden - - - - - - - 69 -
Turkey - - - - 154 647 - 562 584
United Kingdom - - - - - - - - 5
United States - - - - - - 28 - -
Other OECD(2) - - - - 226 - 434 53 17

Total Non-OECD 19000 19000 19379 16577 1507 1452 928 1761 1932
Brazil - - - - - - - 238 185
Bulgaria - - - - 154 - 889 1373 1058
Chile - - - - - - - - -
China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -
Chinese Taipei - - - - - - - - -
Hong Kong, China - - - - - - - - -
India - - - - - - - - -
Israel - - - - - - - - -
Morocco - - - - - - - - -
Romania - - - - 128 - 37 18 42
Russia 19000 19000 19379 16577 235 1452 - 132 95
Ukraine - - - - - - - - -
Other Africa - - - - - - - - 228
Other Asia - - - - - - - - -
Other Eastern Europe - - - - 84 - - - -
Other FSU - - - - 906 - 2 - 213
Other Latin America - - - - - - - - 111
Other Middle East - - - - - - - - -

Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) Australia, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Slovak Republic and Switzerland.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.51

Venezuela

COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 80-90 90-05

Production 0.0 0.0 2.3 4.2 8.2 7.0 7.5 48.5 8.3
Imports 0.2 0.2 0.3 - - - - 4.9 -
Exports - - -1.9 -4.4 -8.3 -7.0 -7.4 - 9.5
Stock Changes - 0.0 - 0.2 0.2 - - x x
Primary Supply 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.0 0.2 - 0.1 11.4 -15.4
Statistical Difference - - - - - - - x x
Total Transformation -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 - - - - 6.1 -
Electricity and Heat Gen. - - - - - - - - -
Main activity producers (1) - - - - - - - - -
Autoproducers - - - - - - - - -
Gas Works - - - - - - - - -
(2)
Coal Transformation -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 - - - - 6.1 -
BKB plants - - - - - - - - -
Blast Furnaces -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 - - - - 5.4 -
Coke Ovens - - -0.0 - - - - - -
Patent Fuel plants - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - - - -
Own use - - - - - - - - -
Distribution Losses - - - - - - - x x
(4)
Final Consumption 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.0 0.2 - 0.1 13.9 -13.8
(5)
Industry sector 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.0 0.2 - 0.1 13.9 -13.8
Iron and Steel 0.1 0.1 0.2 - - - - 5.4 -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.2 - 0.1 23.0 -11.6
Paper, pulp and print - - - - - - - - -
Transport sector(6) - - - - - - - - -
(7)
Other Sectors - - - - - - - - -
Comm. and pub. services - - - - - - - - -
Residential - - - - - - - - -
Non-energy Use - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by the
* respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.52 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

Venezuela

STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 2006

Total Exports 33 - - 1834 3252 7722 7962 7388 7405

Exports to:
Total OECD - - - 1746 3152 6988 7246 6544 6693
Austria - - - - - - - - -
Belgium - - - 1 17 - 53 141 45
Canada - - - 33 - 589 803 603 449
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Denmark - - - - - - - - -
Finland - - - 148 29 - - - -
France - - - 560 550 441 402 456 444
Germany - - - - 193 476 - - 106
Greece - - - - - - - - -
Hungary - - - - - - - - -
Italy - - - 140 302 1067 725 404 201
Japan - - - - - - - - -
Korea - - - - - - - - -
Mexico - - - - - 112 53 - 10
Netherlands - - - 19 79 766 518 467 955
Norway - - - 5 - - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
Portugal - - - - 306 - - - -
Spain - - - 53 - 378 54 91 151
Sweden - - - 375 198 180 125 51 -
Turkey - - - - - 35 - 50 -
United Kingdom - - - 169 - 218 51 - 37
United States - - - 238 1478 2726 4462 4281 4295
Other OECD(2) - - - 5 - - - - -

Total Non-OECD 33 - - 88 100 734 716 784 712

Brazil 33 - - - 100 79 416 476 497
Bulgaria - - - - - - - - -
Chile - - - - - 168 - - -
China, People's Rep. - - - - - - - - -
Chinese Taipei - - - - - - - - -
Hong Kong, China - - - - - - - - -
India - - - - - - - - -
Israel - - - - - 71 - - -
Morocco - - - - - - 64 - 26
Romania - - - - - - - - 40
Russia - - - - - - - - -
Ukraine - - - - - - - - -
Other Africa - - - - - - - - -
Other Asia - - - - - - - - -
Other Eastern Europe - - - - - - - 50 -
Other FSU - - - - - - - - -
Other Latin America - - - 88 - 416 236 258 149
Other Middle East - - - - - - - - -

Non-Specified/Other - - - - - - - 60 -
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) Australia, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Slovak Republic and Switzerland.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

 COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.53

Vietnam

COAL BALANCE*
(Mtce) Average annual
percent change
1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 80-90 90-05

Production 4.2 4.5 3.7 6.7 9.3 20.4 25.9 -1.1 13.8
Imports 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - - 0.1 2.0 12.4
Exports -0.5 -0.5 -0.6 -2.3 -2.6 -8.5 -14.4 2.1 23.2
Stock Changes -0.4 - 0.1 0.3 -0.4 - - x x
Primary Supply 3.2 4.0 3.2 4.7 6.2 11.9 11.6 -0.2 9.0
Statistical Difference - - - - - - - x x
Total Transformation -1.1 -1.4 -1.3 -1.0 -1.6 -2.4 -3.0 1.6 6.0
Electricity and Heat Gen. -1.1 -1.4 -1.3 -1.0 -1.6 -2.4 -3.0 1.6 6.0
Main activity producers (1) -1.1 -1.4 -1.3 -1.0 -1.6 -2.4 -2.8 1.6 5.4
Autoproducers - - - - - - -0.2 - -
Gas Works - - - - - - - - -
(2)
Coal Transformation -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 - - - 7.1 -
BKB plants - - - - - - - - -
Blast Furnaces -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 - - - 7.1 -
Coke Ovens - - - - - - - - -
Patent Fuel plants - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation(3) - - - - - - - - -
Own use - - - - - - - - -
Distribution Losses - - - - - - - x x
(4)
Final Consumption 2.2 2.6 1.9 3.7 4.6 9.5 8.6 -1.3 10.6
(5)
Industry sector 1.3 2.1 1.5 2.8 3.3 7.1 6.8 0.9 10.8
Iron and Steel 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - - - 5.9 -
Chemical - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - -
Paper, pulp and print - - - - - - - - -
Transport sector(6) 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 - - - -13.9 -
(7)
Other Sectors 0.7 0.4 0.4 0.9 1.3 2.5 1.7 -5.6 10.0
Comm. and pub. services - - 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.8 0.5 - 21.0
Residential 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.6 0.8 1.6 1.2 -4.8 10.0
Non-energy Use - - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven
(2) gas and blast furnace gas).
(3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation.
(4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors).
(5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.
(6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways.
(7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential.

* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal,
* peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works
* gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by the
* respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.54 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

Vietnam

STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION

(thousand tonnes)

1978(1) 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 2006

Total Exports 1430 640 604 745 2821 3526 10859 17987 22468
Exports to:
Total OECD - 100 100 450 2308 3203 3615 4201 1992
Austria - - - - - - - - -
Belgium - - - - 93 240 280 192 101
Canada - - - - 100 - - - -
Czech Republic - - - - - - - - -
Denmark - - - - 2 - - - -
Finland - - - - - - - - -
France - - - - 179 100 209 178 142
Germany - - - - 3 52 - - -
Greece - - - - - - - - -
Hungary - - - - - - - - -
Italy - - - - - - - - -
Japan - 100 100 150 1469 2227 2522 3241 1320
Korea - - - 300 400 516 514 575 179
Mexico - - - - - - 26 - 27
Netherlands - - - - 21 20 6 - 93
Norway - - - - 1 - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
Portugal - - - - - - - - -
Spain - - - - - - 35 15 111
Sweden - - - - - - - - -
Turkey - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom - - - - 40 48 23 - 19
United States - - - - - - - - -
Other OECD(2) - - - - - - - - -

Total Non-OECD - 540 504 295 513 323 7244 13786 20476
Brazil - - - - 100 88 - 449 144
Bulgaria - - - - - - - - -
Chile - - - - - - - - -
China, People's Rep. - 540 504 100 150 27 6172 12174 20079
Chinese Taipei - - - - 63 52 166 137 50
Hong Kong, China - - - - - - - - -
India - - - - - - - - 9
Israel - - - - - - - - -
Morocco - - - - - - - - -
Romania - - - - - - - - -
Russia - - - - - - - - -
Ukraine - - - - - - - - -
Other Africa - - - - - - - - -
Other Asia - - - 195 200 156 906 1026 194
Other Eastern Europe - - - - - - - - -
Other FSU - - - - - - - - -
Other Latin America - - - - - - - - -
Other Middle East - - - - - - - - -

Non-Specified/Other 1430 - - - - - - - -
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.
(2) Australia, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Slovak Republic and Switzerland.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

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