a) f(x) = X3 - X2 - X - 1 = 0 X∈R

f ’(X) = 3X2 -2X - 1 = 3*(X-1)*(X+1/3)

 X=1
f ’(X) = 0 ⇒ 
X = -1/3
X -∞ -1/3 0 +1 +2 ∞
f’(X) + 0 - 0 +
f(X) -22/27 +∞
+1

-1

-∞ -2
b) DICHOTOMIE
f(1)*f(2)<0 ⇒ ∃ C ∈ ]1,2[ tel que f(Xc)=0
N A B Xc Y
0 1.00000 2.00000 1.50000 -1.37500
1 1.50000 2.00000 1.75000 -0.45313
2 1.75000 2.00000 1.87500 0.20117
3 1.75000 1.87500 1.81250 -0.14331
4 1.81250 1.87500 1.84375 0.02451
5 1.81250 1.84375 1.82813 -0.06050
6 1.82813 1.84375 1.83594 -0.01827
7 1.83594 1.84375 1.83984 0.00305
8 1.83594 1.83984 1.83789 -0.00763
9 1.83789 1.83984 1.83887 -0.00229
10 1.83887 1.83984 1.83936 0.00038
N = [(log((b-a)/ε))/log2]+1

N = (log1- log 10-3)/(log2) +1

N = (3/log2)+1 = (3/0.3) +1 = 9.965 + 1

N ≈ 10
f(X) = X3 - X2 - X - 1 = 0

1/ X3 = X2+ X + 1 ⇒ ϕ1(X) = 3√ (X2 + X + 1 )

2/ X2 = X + 1 + 1/X ⇒ ϕ2(X) = √ (X + 1 + 1/X )

3/ X3 = X2 + X + 1 ⇒ ϕ3(X) = 1+1/X+1/X2

4/ X2 = X3 - X - 1 ⇒ ϕ4(X) = √ X3 - X - 1

5/ X = X3 - X2 - 1 ⇒ ϕ5(X) = X3 - X2 - 1
ϕ1(X) = 3√ (X2 + X + 1 )
ϕ1(1) = (1+1+1)1/3 = 31/3 = 1.44225
ϕ1(2) = (4+2+1)1/3 = 71/3 = 1.913
ϕ1(X) ∈ [1,2] , X ∈ [1,2]
ϕ’1(X) = 1/3 (X2 + X + 1)-2/3 (2X+1)
= (2X+1)/(3(X2 + X + 1)2/3)
ϕ ’1(1) = 0.48075
ϕ ’1(2) = 0.4555
Sup. ϕ’1(X)
ϕ  ≈ 0.481<1 ⇒ ϕ1(X) converge
N X Y DY
0 1.00000 1.44225 .48075
1 1.44225 1.65369 .47348
2 1.65369 1.75315 .46715
3 1.75315 1.79945 .46389
4 1.79945 1.82090 .46234
5 1.82090 1.83080 .46162
6 1.83080 1.83537 .46128
7 1.83537 1.83748 .46112
8 1.83748 1.83846 .46105
9 1.83846 1.83890 .46102
10 1.83890 1.83911 .46100
11 1.83911 1.83921 .46100
12 1.83921 1.83925 .46099
13 1.83925 1.83927 .46099
2.00000 1.91293 .45546
ϕ2(X) = √ (X + 1 + 1/X ) avec I ∈ [1.5 , 2 ]
ϕ2(1.5) = (1.5+1+1/1.5)1/2 = 1.7795
ϕ2(2) = (2+1+1/2)1/2 = 1.87083
ϕ2(X) ∈ [1.5 , 2] , X ∈ [1.5 , 2]
ϕ’2(X) =1/2 (X + 1 + 1/X)-1/2 (-1/X2)
ϕ’2(1.5) = 1/2 (1.5 + 1 + 1/1.5)-1/2 (-1/2.25)
= -0.12489
ϕ’2(2) = 1/2 (2 + 1 + 1/2)-1/2 (-1/4) = -0.06682
Sup. ϕ’2(X)
ϕ  ≈ 0.12489<1 ⇒ ϕ2(X) converge
N X Y DY
0 1.50000 1.77951 -.12488
1 1.77951 1.82797 -.08638
2 1.82797 1.83712 -.08145
3 1.83712 1.83887 -.08056
4 1.83887 1.83921 -.08040
5 1.83921 1.83927 -.08036
6 1.83927 1.83928 -.08036
2.00000 1.87083 -.06682
ϕ3(X) = 1+1/X+1/X2
ϕ3(1.5) = (1+1/1.5+1/(1.5)2 = 2.11
ϕ3(2) = (1+1/2+1/(2)2 = 1.75
ϕ3(1.5) ∉ I
N X Y DY
0 1.50000 2.11111 -1.33333
1 2.11111 1.69806 -.67313
2 1.69806 1.93572 -1.04043
3 1.93572 1.78348 -.80064
4 1.78348 1.87509 -.94315
5 1.87509 1.81773 -.85326
6 1.81773 1.85279 -.90795
7 1.85279 1.83103 -.87392
8 1.83103 1.84441 -.89481
9 1.84441 1.83614 -.88187
 N X Y DY
10 1.83614 1.84123 -.88984
11 1.84123 1.83809 -.88492
12 1.83809 1.84003 -.88795
13 1.84003 1.83883 -.88608
14 1.83883 1.83957 -.88723
15 1.83957 1.83911 -.88652
16 1.83911 1.83939 -.88696
17 1.83939 1.83922 -.88669
18 1.83922 1.83933 -.88686
19 1.83933 1.83926 -.88675
20 1.83926 1.83930 -.88682
21 1.83930 1.83928 -.88678
2.00000 1.75000 -.75000
 ϕ4(X) = √ X3 - X - 1
ϕ4(1.5) = ((1.5)3 –1.5-1)1/2 = 0.9354
ϕ4(2) = (8 – 2 – 1 )1/2 = 2.236
ϕ’4(X) = 1/2 (X3 –X- 1)-1/2 (3X2-1)
ϕ’4(1.5) = 1/2 (1.5 3 – 1.5 – 1)-1/2 (3*1.52-1) = 2.689275
SUPϕϕ’4(X)
ϕ >1⇒
ϕ4(X) ∉ I
ϕ5(X) = X3 - X2 - 1
ϕ5(1.5) = ((1.5)3 –(1.5)2 -1) = 0.125
ϕ5(2) = ((2)3 –(2)2 -1) = 3
ϕ’5(X) = 3X2 –2X = X(3X-2)
ϕ’5(1.5) = 3.75
ϕ’5(X)
ϕ >1⇒
ϕ5(X) ∉ I
ϕ2(X) = √ (X + 1 + 1/X )
N X Y
0 1.50000 1.77951
1 1.77951 1.82797
2 1.82797 1.83712
3 1.83712 1.83887
4 1.83887 1.83921
5 1.83921 1.83927
d) écriture des programmes réalisée.

e) Évaluation de l’erreur

X – X5< 0.1243/(1-0.1243) 1.83921 – 1.838872 

X – X5< 0.141944*0.000338 = 0.000047977

1.83921< X <1.8393
e) Evaluation de l’erreur
Méthode de Dichotomie
X – α≤ (1/2)n (b-a) ≤ 10-3
X – α≤ (1/2)7 (2-1) ≤ 10-3
X – α≤ 0.0078125 ≤ 10-3
Méthode du Point Fixe
X – α≤ (kn/(1-k)X1– X0 ≤ 10-3
X – α≤ ((0.1243)5/(1-0.1243)1.75– 1.5 ≤ 10-3
X – α≤ (0.0002387/0.0002726)0.25 ≤ 10-3
X – α≤ (0.000068145) ≤ 10-3

Nombre d’itération
Méthode de Dichotomie n = 7
Méthode du Point Fixe n = 5