BASIC CHAPTERS OF INFORMATION

TECHNOLOGY

CH1-CH3

The central processing unit is the ‘brain’ of the computer that

takes the inputs, carries out instructions of a computer
program, processes them and then delivers output results.
Supercomputers Used only in the very largest systems – e.g.
complex calculations in climate and global weather
predictions, molecular modelling, national defense and
aerospace.
Mainframe The most powerful computers typically found in
multi-nationals and other large businesses – e.g. an airline or
oil company.
Minicomputer-g. Database management and file handling.
Network servers are used to route messages from terminals
and other equipment in the network to other parts of the
network. In other words, network servers manage and control
the routing of messages within computer networks.

Compiled by Abdul moeez faisal source:ICAP ST

CAF student
 Modern CPUs are so fast that a typical PC is capable of
executing many instructions every second. It is possible for
computers now to contain more than one CPU. This is called
MULTI-PROCESSING. Furthermore, some microprocessors can
contain multiple CPUs on a single chip. This is called a MULTI-
CORE PROCESSOR.
QR codes are matrix, or two-dimensional, barcodes.
EPOS stands for electronic point of sale which is normally
integrated with barcode readers. EPOS allows credit and debit
cards to be read for instant payment for goods. A recent
development of EPOS has seen the growth of technology that
supports mobile phones being used in a similar way to credit
and debit cards. A phone signal rather than the magnetic strip
on a credit card is used to identify the purchaser.
Touch sensitive screen is a combination of both input and
output device.
Headsets are a combination of speakers and microphones and
are commonly used by call center agents and gamers.

Compiled by Abdul moeez faisal source:ICAP ST

CAF student
 The main types of printer currently used are:  Inkjet printer
(non-impact)  Laser printer (non-impact)  Dot matrix printer
(impact)  Thermal printer (impact).
Computer software comprises a set of machine-readable
instructions that directs a computer’s processor to perform
specific operations.
features of OS include:  The OS controls all operations within
the computer itself  The OS controls the operation of all
other software, such as the application software  The OS
controls the operation of all the other hardware connected to
the computer  The OS provides systems security. For
example, it enables work to be saved and provides password
protection  The OS also provides the graphical user interface
(GUI) between the user and the computer.
Which of the following is the most powerful type of computer
commonly found in multi-national and other large businesses?
Mainframe computer
a key operating system command for testing network
connections and exploring the network is PING

Compiled by Abdul moeez faisal source:ICAP ST

CAF student
 The term “User-friendly hardware” is commonly used with a
number of computer devices. In the shortest possible
sentence, this term may be defined as: It is easy to learn and
use
There is no need of ink in thermal printers.
Laser printer requires warm-up time before printing.
Secondary storage devices works two ways to receive and
send data.
SHIFT+DELETE will hard delete your file.

Preview pane: A facility for previewing the contents of

many types of files such as email messages and pictures
before actually opening the file.
File tags: The final three letters of file name that denotes the
type of file it is – e.g. xls (Excel) or doc (Word).
Whenever you are asked to “double-click” an item on the
computer screen, you need to use: Left mouse button twice.
You can access a shortcut menu for most objects in Microsoft
Windows by: Right click

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CAF student
 Disk cleanup: utility programs provides most appropriate way
of deleting unnecessary files and freeing up space on the hard
disk.
Methods for safeguarding stored data: 1. employing a DBMS
2. Routinely checking the accuracy of standing data 3.
Avoiding data duplication
Windows short-cut enables users to switch between user
accounts without turning off the computer? CTRL + ALT +
DELETE.
Screen saver is also used for apply password protection.
Virus is a type of destructive program.
Spyware is a type of software developed for copying
information.
To cover a mismatch between CPU,RAM AND I/O DEVICES we
use CACHE.
EEPROM is erasable through electric current.
The primary objective of hard disk is online storage.
Touch screen panels are the overlays which have the ability to
send and receive information on the same screen.

Compiled by Abdul moeez faisal source:ICAP ST

CAF student
 Dot pitch is a distance between pixels on the screen.
Printer resolution is measured by dots per inch.
Communication software is a type of system software.
A console application that displays all current TCP/IP network
configuration values and can modify DHCP and DNS setting is
called IPCONFIG.
Dos was the first operating system for IBM and IBM
Compatibles.
‘Pin to’ is available for start menu and task bar.
View options deal with how the information is displayed in file
list.
Logs are basically 1.event drivers and 2.stroke recorders.

Compiled by Abdul moeez faisal source:ICAP ST

CAF student