MIS207 Individual Assignment 2 Set-2

Covers: Selling to Consumers, Selling to Businesses, Virtual Communities, Lab- Database

Answer all questions 4 x 5 = 20 %

● Answer objectively considering the textbook, and lectures.

● Answer within the context of a manager within an organization.
● You have to finish the assignment in a single sitting. Open book, open notes. Internet, and friends.
● Use your own words. Viva Schedule Link here. Grading Policy Link Here.

1. Explain how the e-4Ps are used by an online retailer (e.g. Daraz).

Organization: Daraz

P Used at org ...

Daraz is basically an online commercial hub where its products are digitally very data-
driven. Customers can search through many categories and if they see a product they
Product like, they can just click on it and find detailed information about the product. These details
include descriptions, pictures, reviews, payment options, delivery information.
Furthermore, customers can track any desired products down in no time by using
keywords in the search option. Daraz is also very fast and interactive where customers
can find new products or a variety of the same product whenever they enter the site.

Daraz is a retailer, meaning it works as an intermediary between the vendor and the
Price buyer. Daraz runs on commissions. it does not set any kind of price on the products it
sells. It gives the prices given by the seller. So, prices are flexible because the same
products might have different prices. The flexibility of the prices increases even more
through different promotions and discounts Daraz provides.

Daraz’s existence is based on online promotion. It’s e-commerce website is its governing
Promotion online platform. Daraz has dipped into all possible online sectors from search engines to
social media networks. They sponsor ads on Facebook and YouTube that reach millions
daily due to the heavy usage of the two apps locally. They also have a heavy presence in
Twitter and Instagram. Daraz also has a personal email database where they send emails
to millions of loyal customers everyday. Lastly, Daraz takes huge advantage of
telenetwork, where they constantly send SMS to both existing and potential customers
about new deals, promotions, information etc. to gain the highest possible sale/profit.

Place Daraz’s main place of business is the internet or the virtual realm. There are no physical
shops for Daraz. It has a fully online business market which is transboundary, meaning a
customer can order a product from their website from any place at any given time.
 2. Explain various logistics-related activities of an organization (e.g. Pran) that will use an SCM software.

Organization: Pran

Activity Explanations for org …

The supply chain manager of Pran places an order to their supplier via an Electronic
Receiving materials from Data Interchange (EDI) technology in their internal SCM software. This reduces the
suppliers (Inbound amount of paperwork. Pran mostly uses Third Party Logistics or 3PL is for both
movement) international and local inbound movement of products, and uses company vehicles for
local. Air and sea freight delivers international products to the port and Pran
trucks/pickups bring them to the Pran warehouses. Pran vans and trucks are used to
transport products from local suppliers to Pran warehouses.

Once the materials are received, the products are stored in tanks and shelves in the
Warehousing (storage of warehouses. Since Pran is a huge company they use both web-enabled automated
products and keeping technology and humans to keep track of the materials within the warehouse. Order
track of them) picking is also controlled here. Every single order Pran ships out to its customers are
picked up from the warehouses. Using an SCM software, Pran keeps track of the
products already in storage, which increases their productivity and efficiency by tenfold.

If Agora, one of Pran’s customers, orders 500 bottles of pran juice from Pran and only
Inventory management manufactured 200 bottles thinking demand is less, they won't be able to meet the
criteria and will have lost the entire order from Agora. Keeping constant track and
monitoring the demand for the products, the number of products that are in stocks, the
number of products that needs to be ordered or delivered are all inventory
management. And to do this,Pran uses an SCM software that makes sure that the
correct amount of products are in store or being manufactured.

Although it falls under warehousing, packaging is an integral part of logistics. There are
Packaging of products two types of packaging: packaging for costumes and bulk packaging for shipment.
SCM software is used by Pran to determine which products will go to which
warehouses for the different types of packaging. If the product reaches the end
customer in a damaged state, it might cause a huge loss.

When one of Pran’s customers places an order a series of events take place. Using an
Order Placement and SCM software, Pran first checks in the warehouses to make sure the products are
Outbound movement of there, then they deal with the customer in regard to payment and shipment. Once the
products customer confirms, the order is processed. The final product is transported from the
warehouse to customers either by Pran’s company vehicles like their trucks, cans, or
pickups or they might use 3PL. To keep track of their company vehicles and their
deliveries, Pran might use Global Positioning Satellite (GPS). This ensures that the
deliveries are being made, orders are not missing and nothing suspicious is going on.
 3. Explain the various virtual communities used by an organization (e.g. Daraz).
Organization: Daraz
Virtual Community
Product Based
communities (from a B2C
perspective)
Social Media - Daraz
official Facebook, Twitter,
Instagram page
Web Blogs
Web Portal
Newsletters and Emails
Explanations for org...
Daraz has created a platform where a community forms for each product. For
example, if I want to buy a Dove shampoo from Daraz, I can search and click on it
and there are over 500 reviews about the shampoo. The reviews show a dialogue of
interaction between consumers who already bought and tried the shampoo and what
their opinions were about it. They are also recommending the product to other
customers. These forms of interactions can be seen through the review section of
each product on Daraz’s website. Thus, Daraz created and continues to create
hundreds of communities online everyday based on the product they sell right on their
website. These interactions create a way for customers to keep coming back to
Daraz.
Daraz has pages on Facebook/Twitter/Instagram that has over 20 million
likes/followers from people all over Bangladesh (globally, as well). People leave
comments and reviews on their posts, attend their online events, and create
subgroups among themselves, thus creating multiple communities on these social
media platforms. Even Daraz sometimes interacts with the people on their comment
section which attracts attention and creates a community of people right there. So
social media platforms are intermediaries through which Daraz create a massive
following that benefits their business by attracting even more customers.
Daraz has a whole website (https://blog.daraz.com.bd/) contributed to posting blogs
every single day. The blogs range from health, fashion, lifestyle hacks, technology,
news, current events, sports and many more. And almost all articles have over a
thousand views and many comments.from readers who give their own opinions.
Many of these commenters meet others of similar interest and interact. Many site
visitors are silent browsers who come to Daraz’s website but do not interact. The
blogs serve a great way for site visitors to engage and interact with people of similar
interests.
Daraz has a single interface for all of its sellers to connect called a “Daraz Seller
Center”. This is a web portal where all the sellers have to log in. The portal has links
to different softwares that are available to the sellers for them to sell their products
easily on Daraz. Daraz has thousands of sellers, so this web portal connects all of
them in one place. Once again, virtual communities of ellers are created. Web portals
also connect through emails which also creates online communities.
Daraz also provides the options for customers to subscribe to their daily newsletters
called Daraz Newsletters. Through these newsletters, Daraz regularly communicate
and share relevant information with their customers. This is a form of email
marketing. Through these emails and newsletters, Daraz engages with their
customers, learning about their interests and needs. This constant engagement
creates a community of loyal customers.
 4. Explain how a software (e.g. OrangeHRM) stores data in a database. Use tables and relationships in your
explanation.

Software: LibreOffice Base

In LibreOffice, we first create a new database using a database management system or open an existing database
like we did in Lab 2. Explanations on how to input data in both new and existing databases are given below.

In a new database, we have to create tables that will include all the data. Create a new table from Design View and a
table will appear with several empty cells. Fill the cells up with the data/information. Categorize your data into different
tables. For example, I want to create an HRM database of a company where I want to save information/data of the
company’s employees. Categorize the data and create tables:

Table containing employee information like names and Id (category 1)

Table containing info of employees education (category 2):

Table containing their job title (category 3):

After the required number of tables have been created, we create relationships by simply going to the tools section in
Tables and selecting create relationships. A blank page will come and there we will add all the tables that are in
common and we want to form relationships with. We select the common sub-category from each table and connect
them.

In an existing database, select a particular table from the list of tables then go to tools and select SQL command,
after that enter a command for the changes you want to make like adding rows. Once done, create relationships using
the same method. The steps after this are the same for both old and existing databases:
Then we create forms to enter data, create queries to combine data from multiple tables, and create management reports from the
data already stored. To create forms, we go to forms and choose the wizard option, do the steps to create the form to your liking,
put in the information → form created.

Then we form a query. We go to the wizard option to create the query and once again take the steps to create the
desired query. To edit the query, we go to tools and select SQL view to make the changes.

Lastly we create a report. Go to the report option and create the report using the wizard option. Then fill out the
necessary information, do the steps required to get your desired report and a report will be generated.

This is how data is stored in the LibreOffice database. .