i|Page

ii | P a g e
Table of Contents

1. Introduction: ....................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Objective of the Study: .................................................................................. 2
1.2 Scope of the Study: ......................................................................................... 2
1.3 Limitations of the Study: .............................................................................. 2
1.4 Methodology of the Study: .......................................................................... 2
2. Results & Discussions: ..................................................................................... 3
2.1 SWOT Analysis: ................................................................................................ 3
2.2 Current Status of milk production & meeting local demands: ... 4
2.3 Gradual Rise of dairy industry from the previous decade: .......... 4
2.4 Dairy farming expanding: ............................................................................ 5
2.5 Farmers struggle: ............................................................................................ 6
2.6 Recently launched government project: .............................................. 6
3. Recommendations: .......................................................................................... 7
3.1 Revamps in the dairy system: ................................................................... 7
3.2 Innovation: .......................................................................................................10
3.2.1 Mastitis detection technology: .........................................................10
3.2.2 Blockchain technology: .......................................................................11
3.2.3 Flavor advancements: ..........................................................................12
4. Conclusion: .........................................................................................................13
References: ................................................................................................................14
Appendix: ...................................................................................................................15

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Letter of Transmittal

19 March, 2020

Dr. M. Maksudur Rahman

Adjunct Faculty

Institute of Business Administration University of Dhaka

Dear Sir,

We, the students of Team A4 BBA 28th Batch, have prepared this report on “Milk Production trends and
dairy development in rural BD: Road to achieve self-sufficiency in milk production” that you had assigned
to us as a requirement for completion of our G101: Economics for Geography and Environment Course.
We have studied the history, background, value chain, and subsequent challenges that have followed through
desk research & field interviews with relevant stakeholders for the formation of this report.

Throughout this report, you will find an analysis of the Dairy Sector, followed by recommendations to
improve the status quo.

This was a challenging task, but was also rather enlightening in the larger scheme. It has led us to achieve a
better understanding of the Dairy Industry in Bangladesh, its operation module, and its many inadequacies.
We are truly indebted to you for your moral support and kind regard in this matter.

Please note that this report has been completed under your supervision and guidance. Under no
circumstances will this report be reproduced for any other BBA (IBA) course. No part of this report will be
shared or republished without your authorization.

Yours Sincerely,

Members of Team A4, BBA 28

Abir Ershad (17)

Mashrif Hasan Adib (29)

Moazzem Hossain Khan (39)

Raisa Mahjabin (65)

Mohammad Zabir (67)

Syed Shadab Tajwar (49-27th Batch)

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Abstract:
In Bangladesh, the dairy sector is largely dependent on small-scale operations and subsistence
farming. This sector has a huge potential for growth as the demand for milk and dairy products is
rising. To cope with this demand, farms need greater access to finance, adoption of new technology
and an efficient value chain. However, the dairy sector is being unable to exploit such
opportunities and close the supply-demand gap. This report discusses the current situation of the
dairy sector and the problems and obstacles facing the industry in the way to achieve self-
sufficiency in milk production. The main objectives of this report are to identify the challenges,
opportunities and to provide recommendations to allow the sector to expand and be more
profitable. Secondary data has been collected from articles and papers by scholars, academicians
and specialists on the sector. Major findings of the research are the knowledge gap in terms of
strategic management, supply-chain management and modern technologies. Financing is another
significant constraint.

Keywords: MSME (Micro, Small & Medium Enterprise), Blockchain, Supercooling, Value Chain
Analysis, Tariff, SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) Analysis, In-depth
Interview.

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 1. Introduction:
Dairy farming is an important and potential agricultural sector in Bangladesh. Cattle, buffalo, and
goat are mainly considered as dairy animals in Bangladesh. In Bangladesh, there are about 23.78
million cattle, 1.47 million buffaloes, 3.34 million goats, and 25.77 million sheep (BBS 2017).
Among the total of 6 million milking cows, 85–90% of them are indigenous and 10–15% are
crossbred (DLS 2013). The crossbreds and purebreds are mostly Sindhi, Sahiwal, and Holstein
Friesian breeds. In Bangladesh, cows are the main source of milk.
About 90% of the produced milk in the country comes from cows, 8% from goat, and the
remaining 2% from buffalo (DLS 2013). Annual milk production was 3.97 million tons during
2005–2016 with an average annual growth rate of 13.5% Smallholder producers dominate the
dairy sector in Bangladesh. More than 70% of the dairy farmers are smallholders and produce
around 70–80% of the country’s total milk. Domestic supplies are still lagging to meet the FAO
recommended per capita daily consumption of 250 ml.
Dairy cattle rearing has been increasingly viewed as a source of alleviating poverty in
Bangladesh. It is also turned as a means of improving the livelihood of landless and small
households and acts as a critical cash reserve and steady cash income for many landless and
marginal farmers.
In the year 2015–2016, livestock sector contributed 2.01% to the national GDP and contribution on
agricultural sector GDP was 17.45%, among which the GDP of milk and milk product was BDT
26,533 million (BBS 2017). This sector meets the demand for animal protein partially in the form
of meat, milk, and milk products. The dairy sector offers good opportunities for on-farm and off-
farm employment, especially at the rural level. The livestock sector generates 20% of full-time
employment in Bangladesh (DLS 2013).
Generally, dairy farms in Bangladesh follow traditional production and farm management
especially in feed management, disease management, adoption of AI, etc. Farmers follow
traditional feeding systems, around 59% of the farmers feed their cattle in the traditional way,
even they feed concentrates only to the lactating animals rather provide all the cows following
recommended ration. About 54% of farmers fed their cattle with concentrate considering the
standard daily amount and following recommended mixing ratio. Dairy farmers are not aware of
using modern disease management as well as the use of improved insemination for cows. Only
25.6% farmers adopted artificial insemination method for breeding their cow in some pocket area.
Poor adoption of vaccination and de-worming measures are in practice, only 50% of farmers have
taken these preventive measures, and 30% farmers treated their cows by veterinary doctors.
Though dairying has been turned into a profitable business in recent years, farmers are not aware
of the key factors affecting the dairy productivity and farm profitability. But the milk productivity
and profitability depend on different factors like feed management, cattle disease management,
vaccination, de-worming of cattle, dairy farm size, breed of a cow, and others factors.

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1.1 Objective of the Study:

The objective of this study is to explore the opportunities of innovation in agriculture for rural
development in Bangladesh, focused on milk production enhancement and paving the way for
Bangladesh to achieve self-sufficiency in milk production, alongside the different factors and
dimensions concerned.

1.2 Scope of the Study:

The scope of this research was limited to Dairy Industry, especially the raw milk production
sector of the Value chain. The Dairy Value Chain includes food suppliers, cattle breeders and
sellers, the dairy farms, processed dairy food makers, sellers and related companies, resellers,
customers, and other intermediaries in between.
The study aims to cover, as much as possible, of the components as the participants involved in the
Dairy Industry. It reflects as a picture of listing all the bodies, institutes, etc. working either as
contributors or competitors of Dairy industry in Bangladesh. This study on Dairy industry will
help to understand the prevailing value chain and potential for growth of the dairy sub-sector

1.3 Limitations of the Study:

Some limitations that have been faced are identified as follows:

 Reach Constraints: Due to the obvious threats posed and limitations of the pandemic, our
research was limited to secondary data sources which might have hindered the authenticity of
this report, partially.
 Time Constraints: The time constraint also led to a lack of outreach for which a limited
number of data could be analyzed. Also, a single study would be insufficient in analyzing
the huge dairy sector.
 Funding: This project paper was compiled for the completion of G101: Economy for
Geography & Environment course & was not funded by any organization or individual but
rather through the authors of this paper. Thus, leading to constraints in access to multiple
areas.

1.4 Methodology of the Study:

Secondary data were obtained through desk research by the participants, focusing on relevant
scholarly articles and government reports on livestock farms and value chain management, both
online and offline. The main sources of secondary data include:
1. Numerous internationally published research papers from relevant journals.
2. Statistical yearbooks.
3. Annual business reports of local enterprises.
4. Reports from the local governments encompassing dairy clusters, NGOs

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2. Results & Discussions:
2.1 SWOT Analysis:

SWOT analysis is the analysis of a sector’s internal Strengths and Weaknesses and the
Opportunities and Threats posed by its external environment. They are elaborated below:

Strengths: The vast livestock population of Bangladesh can be considered a strength for the
dairy industry, and should be utilized properly to ensure maximum returns. Bangladesh has a
livestock population of 160 million. Unlike many other natural resources which will be depleted
over time, a sustainable livestock production system can be beneficial for the dairy industry.
Weaknesses: Bangladeshi cows are low in yield providing 2-5 liters of milk per day. To tackle
this, a new breed of cow may be developed through artificial insemination to increase the yield to
14-15 liter of milk per day (The Daily Star, 2018). Large scale production will reduce the average
costs of farmers and thus increase their returns, making the dairy sector more efficient as well as
profitable.
Another weakness is the lack of knowledge of dairy farmers regarding scientific dairy farming,
clean milk production and the value chain. To further increase efficiency, it is important to raise
awareness in this regard, which may require campaigns targeted at dairy farmers.
Opportunities: The major opportunity facing the dairy industry is provided by the shortage of milk
within the domestic economy. As of 2018, Bangladesh has to import more than 100,000 tons of
powdered milk and dairy products, spending Tk. 2000 crore a year as per Bangladesh Bureau of
Statistics and Bangladesh Bank. (The Daily Star, 2018).
Threats: Manual methods of extracting milk is used more than using advanced technologies. Cost-
effective technologies and mechanization is seldom used by dairy farmers, which indicates a lack
of efficiency and a lack of competitiveness over the large dairy companies in Bangladesh or the
foreign companies from which we import milk to fill the deficit in domestic milk production.

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2.2 Current Status of milk production & meeting local demands:
According to DLS (2018), Bangladesh produces 9.4 million tons of milk (against the
requirement of 15.04 million tons) in a year and according to International Farm Comparison
Network (IFCN), total milk production in Bangladesh stands at 8.08 million tons. This implies
that Bangladesh produces only 63 percent of the total requirement (while as per IFCN it is 54
percent). As per BBS (2018), Bangladesh imports 0.11 million tons of milk.
There are 1,200,000 dairy farms in the country and 9,400,000 people are directly or
indirectly involved in the industry. The estimated investment in the local dairy sector
now is around Tk. 90,000 crores, according to BDFA.
So, how far is Bangladesh from achieving self-sufficiency? If we take into account the outlook
for 2030, Bangladesh needs additional six million tons of milk. With the current deficit of six
million tons and additional requirement of six million tons, in the next 12 years, Bangladesh
needs to produce 12 million tons of milk. With the current rate of production, will Bangladesh be
able to produce an additional one million tons per year? The lack of land availability, limited
feed and fodder, and lower milk production efficiency are key constraints for increasing milk
production. Achieving self-sufficiency would be quite challenging for Bangladesh unless we take
a holistic approach to increase milk production.

2.3 Gradual Rise of dairy industry from the previous decade:

In the intervening years, the average year-on-year growth was 17.9%, with the highest 46.53% in
2012-13 and the lowest 1.27% in 2017-18 fiscal. In FY 20178-19, it was 5.55%. The country's
milk production has increased at least threefold over the past nine years, now meeting two-thirds
of the total demand. Spread of information technology, employment generating scope for young
people and expatriates' investment are said to have propelled the skyrocketing growth in the
sector.

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In 2009-10 fiscal, the annual milk production was only 23.70 lakh tons, which jumped to 99.23
lakh tons in last fiscal (FY2018-19), registering a 319% rise, say DLS data. In the intervening
years, the average year-on-year growth was 17.9%, with the highest 46.53% in 2012-13 and the
lowest 1.27% in 2017-18 fiscal. In FY 20178-19, it was 5.55%. Last year, the country produced
99.23 lakh ton, which was 65.27% of the total demand. However, average availability per head is
only 165.07ml in a day, as per the DLS data, which should be at least 250 ml daily.

2.4 Dairy farming expanding:

It may appear alien to many that traditional milk collectors and sellers, known as Goalas, used to
visit households with their milk containers every morning to sell fresh milk. And households
used to buy from them. Over the last two to three decades, things have changed a lot. Several
industrial processors have emerged—collecting, processing and selling milk and milk products in
packaged form with the promise of hygiene and quality.
New faces are entering the dairy farming sector and many existing farmers are focusing on
improving productivity of their cows through artificial insemination, providing better care and
proper feeding. In addition, milk processors such as Milk Vita, Pran and Aarong are supporting
farmers. Many educated youths have started cattle farming for milk and meat production in the
last five years. As a result, supply of milk is now double the amount produced five years back.
For instance, a young boy Emran started his farm, Shopno Dairy and Fisheries, at Trishal in
Mymensingh, with only two milking cows and three heifers, in early 2015. Today, it has 22
cows, including 12 milking cows.
The Department of Livestock Services (DLS) also registers increasing farming activities. Some
58,590 farms, each with 10 or more cows, have registered with DLS for dairy purposes till now.
Of those, 155 farms signed up since July this fiscal year, according to DLS. New dairy zones
have emerged in Gazipur, Savar, Rangpur and great Jessore in the last several decades apart from
the traditional milk production Pabna-Sirajganj area.
Overall farming is
rising as demand for
milk and milk-based
products is growing in
urban and semi-urban
areas. Previously, cattle
farming had been
limited to smallholders
in rural areas. This has
changed in recent years.
Dairy farms have been
established in urban
and suburban areas.

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2.5 Farmers struggle:
Despite such achievements, dairy farmers are struggling as they are not getting fair price of
milk. Farmers locally sell raw milk at varying prices based on the areas they are in. In Dhaka
and nearby areas, price of one liter of milk is about Tk70-80. In village and rural areas, the prices
may vary between Tk40 and Tk70. After processing, most of the companies sell a liter of
pasteurized milk at TK60-70 and UHT (ultra-heat-treatment) milk at 95-100 per liter.

Availability of low-priced
imported milk powder is the main
reason behind their woes of
selling milk at low price in most
places. Besides, lack of sufficient
milk-processing infrastructure in
the country is another reason, the
processing companies are buying
only 7% of the total production.
As a result, a substantial amount
of produced milk is wasted every
day as they cannot sell such a
huge amount of unprocessed milk.

2.6 Recently launched government project:

The government has taken "Livestock and Dairy Development Project". The Tk. 4,280crore
project was launched earlier in 2019 and is expected to achieve its goal by 2023.The World Bank
is providing 85% of the total cost. Under the project, farmers will be brought under small
associations at every upazila, where there will be a hub for collecting and processing milk for a
temporary time. From the small hub, the processed milk will go to large plants owned by
government and private companies.
The Bangladesh government has a strong focus on the development of the dairy sector for the
latter to achieve self-sufficiency by increasing milk production with acceptable quality. The
recently approved Livestock and Dairy Development Project (LDDP) could be seen as a strong
reflection of the government’s attempt to develop the sector. The Department of Livestock
Services (DLS) has been implementing this mega project. The current DLS has highly efficient
personnel who are working hard to develop the dairy sector but the DLS needs authentic
information and cooperation from all stakeholders of the dairy value chain.

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The Bangladesh government has a strong focus on the development of the dairy sector for the
latter to achieve self-sufficiency by increasing milk production with acceptable quality. The
recently approved Livestock and Dairy Development Project (LDDP) could be seen as a strong
reflection of the government’s attempt to develop the sector. The Department of Livestock
Services (DLS) has been implementing this mega project. The current DLS has highly efficient
personnel who are
working hard to
develop the dairy
sector but they
need authentic
information and
cooperation from
all stakeholders of
the dairy value
chain. In this way,
development of the
dairy sector can be
ensured.

3. Recommendations:
Only innovation will not yield greater milk production. Rather, innovation mixed with a series of
revamps in the system and introduction of new facilities will in a whole, make us self-sufficient
in milk production. So, we recommend two sets of ideas below, the first set containing what
revamps can be done in the system and the latter containing new ideas and technologies that are
being incorporated in developed nations around the world.

3.1 Revamps in the dairy system:

Dairy is an advancing industry. The way milk was processed and distributed a decade ago has a
gulf of difference with the methods applied now. So, to keep pace with those changes and to
change and introduce certain segments in our dairy system will surely result in a better yield and
overall development. Based on our research and findings, we have come up with the following
set of ideas which we believe, will boost the dairy sector:

i. Improve breed of high yielding cows:

Bangladeshi cows are low in yield providing 2-5 litres of milk per day. If new breeds of cows are
developed, they can provide even 15-20 litres of milk per day. The use of crossbred cattle in the
country must also be pushed to enable farmers to receive greater margins per dairy cattle.
Crossbred cattle have been found in a vast majority of cases to provide at least 3 times the
amount of indigenous species.

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 Figure: Improved high-yielding cow breed

ii. Leasing abandoned field to the farmers for producing grass:

Leasing abandoned field to farmers for
growing grass will help reduce overall
production cost by a huge margin. We
consulted with a dairy farm, BeShuddho
Ltd., who shared their story with us.
They do not plan on to continue their
farm because the operational cost is
really big. Specially for a better yield,
the cows need better feed, i.e. high
quality grass. Now, if they could produce
grass on their own for the farm other than bringing it from other places, a huge cost would’ve
been lessened. That is why, farmers need to be trained and also given opportunity to grow farms
on abandoned fields.

iii. Formulate Dairy Development Board & National Dairy Policy:

A standardized national policy for dairy industry will ensure a fair rate for local producers, large
companies will not be able to exploit them. Also, this will create a platform for dairy
development in the country. Besides, the development board can continue research on ways to
advance our dairy sector besides helping the producers to improve milk production.

iv. Increasing tariff on powdered milk:

Control milk powder imports by increasing customs duty to 50% from the existing 10%.
Locally produced milk becomes less competitive than imported milk owing to low import duty.

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 As we consider powdered milk as baby
food and impose less tax on its import,
local milk becomes less competitive in
the market. But the reality is that only
10 percent of the imported powdered
milk is being used as baby food and
the rest 90 percent is being used for
other forms of consumption.

v. Lowering electricity bills:

Farms are slapped with electricity bills at commercial rates although dairy belongs to the agro-
based sector. This increases operational cost. Waiver from electricity bills at commercial rates
should be approved as dairy belongs to the agro-based sector

vi. Ensuring adequate cooling facilities:

The lack of adequate cooling facilities in Bangladesh
for the transportation of milk make it the critical link
in the value chain stumping production from reaching
final consumers. The demand for electricity in
Bangladesh is also facing a deficit making it an
unreliable power source for those rural areas who
may not have access to electricity, or face regular
blackouts. Harnessing renewable energy sources such
as solar, biogas, and other forms are key to
integrating a proper cooling facility into the supply
chain

vii. Providing easy and low-cost credit facility for the farmers:
Farmers often need low-cost credit to run their work. NGOs should come forward in this regard
to ensure such facilities in the root level. Also, if production and collection hub is introduced in
every upazila, this problem will automatically reduce by many folds.

viii. Shortage of high yielding and quality semen for AI:

Improved semen is necessary to increase milk yields. “Semen import and marketing should be
opened up to the private sector. Let there be competition,” he said demanding authorities make
rules to provide information of genomic and progeny tests available to farmers.

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 ix. Setting up milk processing plants in every division and collection points in every
upazila:
Milk consumption is gradually increasing even in the semi-urban areas as well as rural areas
because of people getting more and more cautious of the benefits of milk. Setting up processing
plants and collection zones in every upazila will benefit the local producers and ensure fair profit
at the root level, serving our main purpose- rural development.

x. Lessen duty restructuring to import machineries, chemicals:

Many local entrepreneurs are facing trouble to expand their dairy business because of the high
duty for importing advanced machineries. So, government support to import modern equipment
will help them expand the industry.

xi. Lack of technical knowhow for farming:

Most of the local producers, who are associated with dairy industry and farming, have a lack of
knowledge on how to adapt to and use advanced technologies which not only eases milk
production, but also ensures efficient production. So, training centers can also be introduced with
the help of the UNOs and agriculture development personnel in every upazila.

xii. Investing in powder-milk making plant:

We have a good number of processors, who only pasteurize milk but there is a lack of
powder-making companies. Because of a deficit in domestic production, Bangladesh still has
to import a huge amount of powdered milk every year to meet the demand of households and
sweets industry, as well as for making value-added products like cheese, butter and yogurt. As a
result, the country has to import more than 100,000 tons of powdered milk and dairy products by
spending Tk. 2,000 crore a year. A powder making plant may cost Tk700-800crore, but the
return in the near future will be immense. That is why, the BFDA urges government and
private sector to invest here as there is a huge demand for milk-powder.

3.2 Innovation:
From transportation and farming technologies to ingredients solutions and lab-grown milk, the
dairy industry is rife with technological advancements. Here, we are describing a roundup of
some of the industry’s most recent innovations which can be incorporated in our dairy industry
as well to increase milk production and ultimately providing for rural development:
3.2.1 Mastitis detection technology:
An udder infection in dairy animals known as mastitis has devastating impacts on the dairy
industry worldwide. According to Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, global dairy
industry losses are estimated to reach a staggering €30bn per annum. This is due to poor milk
quality, significant milk losses and culling of chronically infected animals.

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EIO Diagnostics, a start-up from 2017, backed by food innovation incubators and accelerators,
including Food-X and Yield Lab, has already been successful in early diagnosis for bovine
mastitis in Canada.

They used a combination of machine learning and

multi-spectral imaging. The Dairy animals with
mastitis will show specific patterns of swelling
and heat in their udders. This technology
combines advanced sensor imaging and machine
learning to detect these early indications of
infection days before there any physical signs of
infection in the udder or the milk.

Specially in our country, if this monitoring can be implemented, this technology will be a game-
changer for the dairy industry. The sooner infected animals are detected, the sooner they can be
pulled from production and treated, ultimately saving the dairy industry millions.

3.2.2 Blockchain technology:

Blockchain is a digital technology platform that ‘chains’ together information ‘blocks’ to create a
permanent record. This Blockchain creates a history of products and animals in food and
livestock in the dairy industry throughout the whole production cycle.

There are countless

potential benefits
to adopting the
technology. For
example, the
genomic profile of
a dairy cow could
be connected with
the feed the animal
eats, its medical
history, barn
environment,
quantity and
quality of the milk
it produces, etc.

Figure: Step by step breakdown of a usual blockchain function

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Earlier this year, food safety company Neogen entered a partnership with Ripe
Technology Company to bring Blockchain technology to its food safety diagnostics and animal
genomics. This has been already successful in US farms. Our country awaits this technology
which will be revolutionary for the dairy industry.

3.2.3 Flavor advancements:

Consumer demand for clean label and ‘clean taste’ is high in the current dairy market. There
have been various technological developments in the ingredients sector in recent years that focus
on improving the texture and taste experience of dairy products.

US-based Synergy Flavors Incorporation’s taste solution claims to have created technically-
layered ingredients for taste and enhanced functionality by combining flavor science with
modern dairy fermentation expertise. For example, unlike typical flavors that add a singular top
note, such as caramelized butter or condensed milk, Synergy has developed advanced solutions
that enhance quality, mouthfeel and flavor retention.

Its applications range from fresh and cultured dairy products to nutritional, bakery, beverage and
confection, as well as savory applications such as dips or cheese.

This is a key technological development for the dairy and dairy-alternative industries as it offers
a simple natural flavor enhancement of dairy indulgence. Incorporating this will divert people’s
interest from powdered milk and bring back the customer base for liquid milk- flavorful and
tastier than ever.

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 4. Conclusion:

This research has identified the challenges and opportunities of the dairy sector. Major findings of
the research are the knowledge gap in terms of strategic management, supply-chain management,
modern technologies and financing.

While the milk production in Bangladesh is increasing, it’s barely enough to keep up with the
rising demands and consumption of the growing Bangladeshi middle class. The dairy industry of
Bangladesh has a huge potential to contribute to not only the local market but also the global market
with the aid of cooperative policy-making and appropriate government intervention.

This research will help the current investors, entrepreneurs, industry professionals and
researchers find out about the lapse and discrepancies in Bangladesh's MSME dairy farms. It will
also help to define the differences in value added to Bangladesh's total dairy industry.

The insights and experiences captured in this research work are expected to help dairy industry
grow not only in Bangladesh but also in other emerging economies with similar background and
growth trajectories.

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References:

1. Heifer International Bangladesh. March, 2013. Final Report on Dairy Value Chain
Development in Bangladesh 2013
2. Uddin, M., Sultana, M., Ndambi, O., Alqaisi, O., Hemme, T., & Peters, K. (2011).
Milk Production Trends and Dairy Development in Bangladesh
3. Structural business statistics, Eurostat, European Commission. (2003)
4. Policy Research Working Paper, World Bank (2011)
5. Ministry of Industries. Industrial Policy (2005)
6. Sheikh Morshed Jahan, Md. Shamsuzzaman (2017). International Journal of
Sciences: Basic and Applied Research (IJSBAR). SME Development Challenges and
Opportunities in Bangladesh: A Case Study on Poultry Hatcheries by Triple Triangle
Framework (TTF)
7. Apurba Kumar Dutta, Mohammad Ziaul Haider, Sumon Kumar Ghosh. January, 2019
8. Economic Analysis of Dairy Farming in Bangladesh.
9. The Dairy Site. News, features, articles and disease information for the Dairy
Industry.
10. Mohammad Mohi Uddin, O.A. Ndambi, M.N. Sultana, O.A. Shawabkeh (2011). Milk
production trends and dairy development in Bangladesh.
11. Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO). Guide to good dairy farming practices
(2011)

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Appendix:

Source: Department of Livestock Services, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (2019)

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Findings on Dairy Sector based on Articles & Reports:
Article Author/ Objective Article Author’s Paper Author’s
Name Source Findings Findings
Dairy Sohel How  Formulating  Providing
Industry in Parvez (The Bangladesh new Dairy easy &
Bangladesh Daily Star) can be made Development low- cost
: Prospects self- sufficient Board & credit
& in dairy sector policies. facility for
Roadblocks  Lessening the farmers
tax to import  Increasing
new facilities
technologies & for animal
equipment husbandry
associated to &
dairy treatment
 Improving  Imposing
cattle breed higher tariff
capable of on
producing 20 powdered
litre milk daily milk
How far is Mohammad Will enhancing Key constraints for  decreasing
Bangladesh Mohi Uddin tariff be a increasing milk the cost of
from (The Daily sustainable production: milk
achieving Star) technique to  Lack of land production
self- develop dairy availability (which is
sufficiency sector or not  Limited feed & 37%
in Dairy fodder higher than
Industry  Lower milk global
production rate)
efficiency
Marginal The Daily How easy bank  Shortage of  The farmers
dairy Star Business loans & chilling urged the
farmers Report establishmen t centres are government
demand of chilling causing to increase
easy bank plants can help deterioration in tariff on
loans farmers to the quality of import of
boost milk milk produced powdered
production & in remote areas milk in
preservation. bulk
quantity so
that local
producers
do not face
uneven
competition

16 | P a g e
 Demand Sohel If demand for  Creating  Expanding
for dairy Parvez (The dairy products stronger wealth the dairy
products to Daily Star) can and middle- sector can
grow grow double- class economy result into
double digit, buoyed by results in employment
digits rising income increased dairy & attract
and expanding consumption foreign
middle class investment
at a large
scale
Dairy A.K. To address the  The demand for  It would be
Industry in Shamsuddo industry’s milk is necessary to
Bangladesh ha; Geoff problems growing at a take policy
Problems W. effectively, faster rate than measures
and Edwards sources of supply because for
Prospects market failures of the rapid providing
and of increase in strong
government population, institutional
policies in creating a support to
contributing to widening increase
its poor imbalance domestic
performance between production
are discussed demand and and reduce
in this paper supply the
imbalance
between
supply and
demand
Call for Star Business Whether duty  If the duty on  The uneven
Raised Report increment will the imported duty will
Duty on have any far- powdered milk hit the
Imported stretched is not increased, sector hard
Powdered impact on the dairy and will
Milk dairy sector industry will have far-
soon be ruined reaching
impact on
tons of
people,
who are
involved
with the
sector

Source: The Dairy Site

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