PRATT & WHITNEY CANADA

MAINTENANCE MANUAL
MANUAL PART NO. 3034342

LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES

CHAPTER
SECTION PAGE DATE
LEP 1 Apr 11/2008
2 blank Apr 11/2008

Contents 1 Apr 11/2008

2 blank Apr 11/2008

61-20-00 1 Nov 05/99

Description and 2 Nov 05/99
Operation 3 Nov 05/99
4 Nov 05/99
5 Nov 05/99
6 blank Nov 05/99

61-20-00 201 Apr 11/2008

Maintenance 202 Apr 11/2008
Practices 203 Apr 11/2008
204 Apr 11/2008
205 Apr 11/2008
206 Apr 11/2008
207 Apr 11/2008
208 Apr 11/2008

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 PRATT & WHITNEY CANADA
MAINTENANCE MANUAL
MANUAL PART NO. 3034342

TABLE OF CONTENTS
SUBJECT PAGE

PROPELLER GOVERNING - DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION 61-20-00

1. General 1

2. Propeller Governor 1

A. Description ) 1

B. Operation ) 1

3. Fault Isolation 4
PROPELLER GOVERNING - MAINTENANCE PRACTICES 61-20-00

1. General 201
2. Consumable Materials 201

3. Special Tools 201

4. Fixtures, Equipment and Supplier Tools 201
5. Removal/Installation 201

A. Removal of PT6A-60A/60AG Propeller Governor 201

B. Removal of PT6A-61/-61A Propeller Governor 203
C. Installation of PT6A-60A/60AG Propeller Governor 203

D. Installation of PT6A-61/-61A Propeller Governor 207

6. Cleaning/Painting 208
A. Cleaning of Gasket 208

7. Inspection/Check 208

A. Inspection of Propeller Governor 208

B. Inspection of Electrical Connectors and Leads 208

C. Inspection of Governor Gasket 208

8. Adjustment/Test 208
A. Procedure 208

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61-20 CONTENTS Apr 11/2008
 PRATT & WHITNEY CANADA
MAINTENANCE MANUAL
MANUAL PART NO. 3034342

PROPELLER GOVERNING - DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION

1. General

A propeller governor installation, comprising propeller governor and related parts, is installed
at the 12 o’clock position on the front housing of the reduction gearbox. The governor is
driven by the propeller shaft through an accessory drive shaft, to control the propeller speed
and pitch settings as dictated by the cockpit control settings and flight conditions.

2. Propeller Governor

A. Description (Ref. Fig. 1)

The governor is a base-mounted centrifugal type designed for use with hydraulic
constant speed propellers, of single or double-acting design depending on airframe
installation. The pitch of the propeller is varied by the governor to match the load torque
to engine torque in response to changing flight conditions.

Oil pressure is used to decrease propeller pitch. Pitch change in the increase pitch
direction is accomplished by the use of springs and propeller counterweights on
single-acting propeller types. The governor is equipped with an integral Beta valve, which
selects propeller blade angle while the aircraft is operating in the Beta control range,
and a pneumatic orifice that bleeds compressor discharge air from the main fuel control
unit, thereby limiting and controlling turbine speed while operating in the constant
speed range. On some governors, a speed biasing coil raises the speed setting of the
governor to synchronize the ‘‘slave’’ engine with the ‘‘master’’ engine. A feathering valve
may be incorporated to effect rapid dumping of oil from the propeller servo and rapid
propeller feathering.

The load on an aircraft turboprop engine is its propeller. The amount of load varies with
the angle or pitch of the propeller blades. A propeller in low pitch decreases the load
on the engine and allows the engine to increase speed. Constant engine speed, therefore,
is achieved by controlling the load to the engine by varying the pitch of the propeller
blades.

B. Operation (Ref. Fig. 2)

(1) Oil Supply

Engine oil is supplied to a gear-type engine driven oil pump in the base of the
governor. Maximum oil pressure in the governor is limited by the governor relief valve.
When pressure reaches the allowable maximum, the relief valve opens and the
oil recirculates through the pump.

(2) On Speed

The pilot valve plunger moves up and down in the hollow drive gearshaft to control
the flow of oil to and from the propeller servo. When the pilot valve plunger is
centered (i.e., the plunger covers the oil discharge ports in the drive gearshaft), no
oil flows to or from the propeller servo, but is recirculated through the pump.
The propeller blade angle and engine speed remain constant. This is the ‘‘on speed’’
condition.

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 PRATT & WHITNEY CANADA
MAINTENANCE MANUAL
MANUAL PART NO. 3034342

FEATHERING
SPEED CONTROL VALVE
PROPELLER OIL DUMP
GOVERNOR
Py

BETA VALVE

SHUT OFF VALVE

C10290A

Propeller Governor Installation

Figure 1

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MANUAL PART NO. 3034342

The greater of two forces moves the pilot valve plunger up or down. The centrifugal
force developed by the rotating flyweights is transformed into an upward force
which tends to lift the plunger. This centrifugal force is opposed by the downward
force of the speeder spring which may be varied by the speed adjusting lever. When
the opposing forces are equal, the plunger is stationary.

(3) Underspeed

An underspeed condition occurs as the result of an increase in propeller load or

movement of the control lever in the ‘‘increase rpm’’ direction. The flyweight force thus
becomes less than the speeder spring force. The flyweights move in, lowering the
pilot valve plunger and uncovering the ports in the drive gear shaft which allows oil to
flow to the propeller pitch changing servo. The propeller blades move in the
decrease pitch direction against the force of the propeller counterweights. With load
on the engine reduced, engine speed increases, and the centrifugal force
developed by the rotating flyweights is increased. The flyweight toes lift the pilot
valve plunger to cover the control ports and shut off the flow of oil. The forces acting
on the engine-governor-propeller combination are again balanced, and the engine
has returned to the speed called for by the governor control lever setting.

(4) Overspeed

An overspeed condition occurs as the result of a decrease in propeller load or

movement of the control lever in the ‘‘decrease rpm’’ direction. The flyweight force
thus becomes greater than the speeder spring force. The flyweights move out,
raising the pilot valve plunger and aligning the ports which allows oil to drain from
the propeller servo, through the governor, to the sump. As the propeller blades move
in the ‘‘increase pitch’’ direction, load on the engine is increased, and engine
speed is reduced. The centrifugal force lowers the pilot valve plunger to its centered
position. The pilot valve plunger once more covers the ports in the drive gear
shaft, blocking the flow of oil to or from the propeller servo, and the system is again
in equilibrium.

(5) Feathering

When the governor speed adjusting lever is pulled back against the minimum rpm
stop, the pilot valve plunger is raised by the pilot valve lift rod. This allows the
propeller counterweights and feathering spring (in the propeller hub) to force the oil
out of the propeller servo into the engine sump, and the blades rotate to the
feathered position.

To let the propeller move rapidly into a fully feathered position, a propeller servo
pressure dump valve is incorporated in the head of the governor. Servo pressure is
applied to the normally closed valve, while the valve poppet is mechanically
linked to the feathering adjustment stop. When the speed select lever contacts the
stop, increased pressure on the lever moves the stop and valve poppet to the
rear and allows servo pressure oil to flow into an external line connected to the
gearbox sump.

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MANUAL PART NO. 3034342

(6) Beta Valve

The propeller governor Beta valve plunger is operated by the propeller reversing
linkage of the turboprop engine installation. Outward movement of the valve plunger
will first block off porting of the propeller governing oil to the propeller servo.
Further valve plunger movement will dump the oil to sump. Outward motion is limited
by a mechanical stop. Movement in the opposite direction will not affect normal
propeller control. When propeller speed is less than the propeller governor speed
setting, the propeller governor supplies more oil to the propeller servo piston to further
decrease propeller pitch until the feedback linkage pulls the Beta valve plunger
outward and blocks the propeller oil supply, thus preventing further pitch change. As
a higher power setting is selected by the pilot, the propeller comes out of the
Beta range, and blade pitch will automatically increase to maintain the speed setting
which has been established by the propeller governor speed adjusting lever.

(7) Airbleed Orifice

The airbleed orifice serves to protect the engine against possible propeller
overspeed. The airbleed section of the propeller governor is open to the compressor
discharge pressure (CDP) sensor of the main fuel control. The airbleed lever
assembly is raised or lowered as flyweight action changes with speed variation.
The airbleed lever assembly operates the orifice lever assembly which seals against
the airbleed orifice. Opening of the orifice bleeds off CDP from the fuel control,
resulting in a lower CDP signal being received in the CDP sensor, and fuel to the
engine is accordingly reduced. The speed at which the orifice opens is dependent on
the setting of the propeller governor speed adjusting lever and the setting of the
airbleed lever. Normally the airbleed orifice will be opened at approximately 6% above
the propeller governor speed setting with the airbleed lever at maximum position
and approximately 4% under propeller governor speed setting at the minimum
position. In reverse thrust operation, the propeller reversing linkage through the
reset arm, resets the airbleed lever to a setting below the propeller governor control
lever setting. Propeller speed is then controlled by the airbleed orifice. Power
supplied by the gas generator is reduced to allow a propeller speed approximately
5% under the speed set by the propeller governor.

(8) Speed Biasing Coil

The magnetic speed biasing coil is actuated by a signal generated by a pulse ‘‘pick
up’’ on the propeller shaft. Actuation of the coil causes the pilot valve plunger to
move, altering the flow of oil to the propeller servo. This affects the propeller pitch
setting, thus changing propeller speed.

3. Fault Isolation

For detailed fault isolation of the propeller governor, refer to Chapter 72-00-00, FAULT
ISOLATION.

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MAINTENANCE MANUAL
MANUAL PART NO. 3034342

SOLENOID OPERATED
SHUT OFF VALVE

SPEED BIASING COIL SPEED ADJUSTING LEVER

AIRBLEED LEVER SPEED ADJUSTING
SHAFT
ORIFICE LEVER
SPEEDER SPRING
AIRBLEED ORIFICE
FLYWEIGHT
RELIEF VALVE
Py

RESET POST

AIRBLEED LINK MANIFOLD

PLATE

STOP SCREW
RESET ECCENTRIC
PILOT VALVE PLUNGER

TO PROPELLER SERVO TO SUMP BETA VALVE PLUNGER

PUMP
DUMP TO DRIVE
REDUCTION GEAR
FEATHERING
GEARBOX DUMP VALVE

GOVERNOR
PUMP

ENGINE OIL SUPPLY

C10624B
Propeller Governor Schematic, On Speed Condition
Figure 2

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 PRATT & WHITNEY CANADA
MAINTENANCE MANUAL
MANUAL PART NO. 3034342

PROPELLER GOVERNING - MAINTENANCE PRACTICES

1. General

A. Maintenance personnel should make reference to the INTRODUCTION section and

Chapter 70-00-00, STANDARD PRACTICES of this manual to familiarize themselves
with general procedures.

B. Install protector caps and plugs on disconnected tubes, component openings and
electrical connectors.

C. Lockwire used shall, unless otherwise specified, comply with specification AMS 5687,
heat and corrosion resistant steel wire MS9226-03, which is 0.025 inch diameter, and
will not be specified in instructions.

2. Consumable Materials

The consumable materials listed below are used in the following procedures.

Item No. Name

PWC11-014 Isopropyl, Alcohol
3. Special Tools

The special tools listed below are used in the following procedures.

Tool No. Name

PWC30114-35 Wrench
4. Fixtures, Equipment and Supplier Tools

Not Applicable

5. Removal/Installation

A. Removal of PT6A-60A/60AG Propeller Governor

(1) Remove electrical connector and speed control rod from governor (Ref. Aircraft
Maintenance Manual).

(2) Remove cotterpin, nut and bolt fastening bushing and reversing lever (1, Fig. 201)
to push/pull control assembly front clevis.

(3) Move reversing lever (1) forward to clear Beta valve clevis (2).

(4) Remove cotterpin, nut (4), washer (5) and bolt (7) fastening governor interconnect
rod (3) and spacer (6) to governor reset arm (8).

(5) Loosen Py air tube coupling nut at nipple (4, Fig. 202).

(6) Loosen coupling nut of oil drain tube (9) at elbow (8).

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MAINTENANCE MANUAL
MANUAL PART NO. 3034342

SPEED CONTROL ROD

(REF.)

Py AIR TUBE
(REF.) 3 1

PUSH / PULL CONTROL

ASSEMBLY (REF.)

4
7
6

C41704A

Removal/Installation of Propeller Governor Linkage

Figure 201

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MANUAL PART NO. 3034342

Key to Figure 201

1. Reversing Lever
2. Beta Valve
3. Governor Interconnect Rod
4. Nut
5. Washer
6. Spacer
7. Bolt
8. Reset Arm

(7) Remove self-locking nuts (2), using wrench (PWC30114-35), washers (1) and
governor.

(8) Remove gasket (10) and inspect (Ref. Inspection/Check).

(9) If governor is to be replaced, remove nipple (4). Note position of elbow (8), loosen
jam nut (7) and remove elbow, jam nut and backup ring (6). Discard backup ring
and preformed packings (3 and 5).

(10) Install suitable protective caps/covers on all openings.

B. Removal of PT6A-61/-61A Propeller Governor

(1) Remove electrical connector and speed control rod from governor (Ref. Aircraft
Maintenance Manual).

(2) Remove cotterpin, nut and bolt fastening bushing and reversing lever (1, Fig. 201)
to push/pull control assembly front clevis.

(3) Move reversing lever (1) forward to clear Beta valve clevis (2).

(4) Remove cotterpin, nut (4), washer (5) and bolt (7) fastening governor interconnect
rod (3) and spacer (6) to governor reset arm (8).

(5) Loosen Py air tube coupling nut at nipple (2, Ref. Fig. 203).

(6) Loosen nuts (3), with wrench (PWC30114-35), and remove nuts, washers (4) and
governor.

(7) Remove gasket (5) and inspect (Ref. Inspection/Check).

(8) If governor is to be replaced, remove nipple (2).

(9) Install suitable protective caps/covers on all openings.

C. Installation of PT6A-60A/60AG Propeller Governor

(1) If new or replacement governor is being installed, install nipple and elbow as
follows:

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MANUAL PART NO. 3034342

3
4
5
6
7
8

2
1

Py AIR TUBE (REF.)

10

C13675C

Removal/Installation of Propeller Governor - PT6A-60A/60AG Engines

Figure 202

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MANUAL PART NO. 3034342

Key to Figure 202

1. Washer
2. Nut
3. Preformed Packing
4. Nipple
5. Preformed Packing
6. Backup Ring
7. Jam Nut
8. Elbow
9. Oil Drain Tube
10. Gasket

(a) Install new lubricated preformed packing (3, Fig. 202) on nipple (4) and install
in governor. Tighten nipple 65 to 75 lb.in.

(b) Install jam nut (7), new backup ring (6) and new lubricated preformed packing
(5) on elbow (8).

(c) Install elbow at same position noted at removal. Tighten jam nut (7) 70 to
80 lb.in. and lockwire.

(2) Install gasket (10), with raised surface up, on gearbox studs.

(3) Install governor. Rotate propeller shaft slightly to engage governor drive splines.
Make sure governor and gasket are mounted flush.

CAUTION: DO NOT EXCEED THE TORQUE LIMITS OF 125 TO 135 LB. IN. FOR
PROPELLER GOVERNOR INSTALLATION. OVER-TORQUE CAN LEAD
TO DISTORTION OF THE PROPELLER GOVERNOR AND POSSIBLE
SEIZURE OF THE INTERNAL PUMP WHICH DELIVERS OIL TO THE
PROPELLER.

(4) Install governor with washers (1) and nuts (2). Tighten nuts 125 to 135 lb.in. using
wrench (PWC30114-35).

(5) Install oil tube (9) to elbow (8), tighten coupling nut at elbow 90 to 100 lb.in. and
lockwire.

(6) Install Py air tube to nipple (4), tighten coupling nut 90 to 100 lb.in. and lockwire.

(7) Install bushings in reversing lever (1, Fig. 201). Move lever rear to engage governor
Beta valve clevis (2) and push/pull control assembly front clevis.

(8) Install reversing lever (1) to Beta valve clevis (2) using pin, washer and cotterpin.

(9) Install reversing lever (1) to push/pull control assembly front clevis using bolt and nut.
Tighten nut 12 to 18 lb.in. and install cotterpin.

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MANUAL PART NO. 3034342

1
2

3
Py AIR TUBE (REF)
4

C41575B

PT6A-61/-61ARemoval/Installation of Propeller Governor

Figure 203

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MANUAL PART NO. 3034342

Key to Figure 203

1. Preformed Packing
2. Nipple
3. Nut
4. Washer
5. Gasket

(10) Install governor interconnect rod (3), and spacer (6) to governor reset arm (8),
using bolt (7), washer (5) and nut (4). Tighten nut 12 to 18 lb.in. and install
cotterpin.

(11) Install electrical connector and speed control rod (Ref. Aircraft Maintenance
Manual).

(12) Check system rigging (Ref. Aircraft Maintenance Manual).

(13) Check engine operation (Ref. Adjustment/Test).

D. Installation of PT6A-61/-61A Propeller Governor

(1) If new or replacement governor is being installed, install new lubricated preformed
packing (1, Fig. 203) on nipple (2) and install in governor. Tighten nipple 65 to
75 lb.in.

(2) Install gasket (5), with raised surface up, on gearbox studs.

(3) Install governor. Rotate propeller shaft slightly to engage governor drive splines.
Make sure governor and gasket are mounted flush.

CAUTION: DO NOT EXCEED THE TORQUE LIMITS OF 125 TO 135 LB. IN. FOR
PROPELLER GOVERNOR INSTALLATION. OVER-TORQUE CAN LEAD
TO DISTORTION OF THE PROPELLER GOVERNOR AND POSSIBLE
SEIZURE OF THE INTERNAL PUMP WHICH DELIVERS OIL TO THE
PROPELLER.
(4) Install washers (4) and nuts (3). Tighten nuts 125 to 135 lb.in. with wrench
(PWC30114-35).

(5) Install bushings in reversing lever (1, Fig. 201). Move lever rear to engage
governor Beta valve clevis (2) and push/pull control assembly front clevis.

(6) Install reversing lever (1) to Beta valve clevis (2) using pin, washer and cotterpin.

(7) Install reversing lever (1) to push/pull control assembly front clevis using bolt and nut.
Tighten nut 12 to 18 lb.in. and install cotterpin.

(8) Install governor interconnect rod (3), and spacer (6) to governor reset arm (8), with
bolt (7), washer (5) and nut (4). Tighten nut 12 to 18 lb.in. and install cotterpin.

(9) Install electrical connector and speed control rod (Ref. Aircraft Maintenance Manual).

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(10) Check system rigging (Ref. Aircraft Maintenance Manual).

(11) Check governor operation (Ref. Adjustment/Test).

6. Cleaning/Painting

A. Cleaning of Gasket

(1) Clean with solvent (PWC11-014).

7. Inspection/Check

A. Inspection of Propeller Governor

(1) Examine mounting flange and body for cracks and other defects. Cracks are not
acceptable.

(2) Examine for broken or damaged lockwire. If broken, have unit bench-checked for
tightness/integrity of connections and lockwire before placing in service.

(3) Examine fluid ports for damage.

B. Inspection of Electrical Connectors and Leads

(1) Examine threads for damage. Chase threads to remove minor damage. Replace
governor if threads are badly damaged or crossed.

(2) Check output terminal pins; replace governor if pins are loose or bent.

(3) Check leads for damage to outer covering.

C. Inspection of Governor Gasket

(1) Examine for tears in, and deterioration of gasket material.

(2) Examine for breakdown of bond between asbestos/rubber material and steel plate
core.

(3) Examine mounting holes for elongation.

(4) Examine screen for damage and looseness.

8. Adjustment/Test

A. Procedure

(1) Start engine (Ref. 71-00-00, ADJUSTMENT/TEST, Engine Starting) and do checks
associated with Installation/Replacement of Propeller Governor (Ref. 71-00-00,
ADJUSTMENT/TEST, Table 501).

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