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Water Treatment Plant-: Safety Notes
Water Treatment Plant-: Safety Notes
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Part B- Filtration
♦ 1 120ml Plastic Beaker
♦ Plastic Funnel
♦ Wet Sand Media
♦ Special Coal
♦ Small Gravel
♦ Stand & Holder for Funnel
♦ Tweezers
♦ Filter Paper
♦ Pump
♦ Laboratory Filter
♦ White Paper
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17. What do you observe? Does more
alum take less time or more time to
settle out? Is there an effect of
increasing the alum? Is it economic to
add more chemical?
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18. Now unscrew the top of the the pump draw the water through
laboratory filter off. the filter into the container below.
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DISCUSSION
Part A – Coagulation and
Flocculation:
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clogged with the sediment through continues and the water is re cleaned
the water. in the WTP.
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BACKGROUND
INFORMATION:
When most Australians turn on a tap,
clean, clear water runs out. But how
does the local water supplier make
sure the water is safe and pleasant to Figure 2 WATER CYCLE
drink? The answer is likely to include Securing Our Water Future. A State Water Strategy for Western Australia.
9 July 2004
some form of water treatment. www.watercorporation.com.au/Docs/State_Water_Strategy_complete.pdf
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FILTRATION:
One of the oldest and simplest
processes used to treat water is to Figure 6 FILTER
pass it through a bed of fine particles, Where does my drinking water come from and how is it treated?
9 September 2004
usually sand. This process is called http://www.pueblo.gsa.gov/cic_text/health/watertap/ch3.pdf
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filter bed to
contaminants.
remove trapped
♦ Potential to form possibly harmful
disinfection byproducts.
The sand filtration processes become ♦ Ability of the disinfecting agent to
less effective at removing fine remain effective in the water
suspended particles at higher water throughout the distribution
flow rates, the water must be system.
pretreated – coagulated and
flocculated – before passing through
♦ Safety and ease of handling
chemicals and equipment.
the filter bed. Such high rate direct
filtration processes are widely applied ♦ Cost effectiveness.
to raw water with low levels of
suspended matter. A summary of each of the main
disinfection processes is given below.
Chlorination
Chlorination is the most widely used
disinfectant for drinking water in
Australia. Its introduction a century
ago removed the threat of cholera
and typhoid from Australian cities.
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Ozone, which only recently began to Water may also be released from a
be used in Australia, destroys soluble reservoir as an "environmental flow"
contaminants such as algal toxins, to maintain the health of the
taste and odour compounds and ecosystem downstream of the
trace levels of insecticides. reservoir.
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