Unified Process (UP

Usecase Model

Instructor: Dr. Arshad Ali Shahid

Lecture 06

Date: October 21, 2020

Session Contents and Learning Outcomes

 Unified Process Model
 Vision Document
 Understanding Requirements
 Introduction to Use Case Model

Dr. Arsahd A. Shahid DCS SZABIST Islamabad Fall 2020 2

1
 People are more important than any process.
Good people with a good process will outperform good people with no
process every time.
—Grady Booch

Dr. Arsahd A. Shahid DCS SZABIST Islamabad Fall 2020 3

What Is a Process?
A process defines Who is doing What, When and How
to reach a certain goal. In software engineering the goal
is to build a software product or to enhance an existing
one

New or changed Software Engineering New or changed

requirements Process system

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 Unified Process
1. The Unified Process [JBR99] has emerged as a popular software
development process for building object-oriented systems. In
particular, the Rational Unified Process or RUP [Kruchten00], a
detailed refinement of the Unified Process, has been widely adopted.
2. The Unified Process (UP) combines commonly accepted best
practices, such as an interactive lifecycle and risk-driven development,
into a cohesive and well-documented description.
3. Interactive and incremental development.

 Additional UP Best Practices and Concepts

1. UP is short timeboxed iterative, adaptive development.
2. Another implicit, but core, UP idea is the use of object
technologies, including OOA/D and OOP.

Dr. Arsahd A. Shahid DCS SZABIST Islamabad Fall 2020 5

Process Architecture - Lifecycle Phases

Inception Elaboration Construction Transition

time

The Unified Process has four phases:

 Inception - Define the scope of project
 Elaboration - Plan project, specify features, baseline
architecture
 Construction - Build the product
 Transition - Transition the product into end user
community

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 The UP Phases • iterative
implementati
 1.A UP project organizes the work and iterations
on of the across four
• approxima • refined vision, 3.
remaining
major phases:
Inception
te vision, 2.
iterative Constructi
lower risk and
Elaborati on 4.
business implementation easier Transitio
on
case, of the core elements, and n
scope, architecture, preparation
vague resolution of for • beta
estimates. high risks, deployment tests,
identification of deploym
most ent
requirements
and scope,
more realistic
estimates.

Dr. Arsahd A. Shahid DCS SZABIST Islamabad Fall 2020 7

Features of UP Phases
 This is not the old "waterfall" or sequential lifecycle
of first defining all the requirements, and then
doing all or most of the design.

 Inception is not a requirements phase; rather, it is a

kind of feasibility phase, where just enough
investigation is done to support a decision to
continue or stop.

 Similarly, elaboration is not the requirements or

design phase; rather, it is a phase where the core
architecture is iteratively implemented, and high
risk issues are mitigated.
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 UP Phases and Iterations
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition

Process Customization
Inception Elab1 Elab2 Elab3 Elab 4

Const 1 Const 2 Trans 1*

Const 3 Const 4 Trans 2^

Iteration1 Iteration2 Iteration3 Iteration4

* Release 1 Time
^ Final Release

Dr. Arsahd A. Shahid DCS SZABIST Islamabad Fall 2020 9

Iterations and Phases

Inception Elaboration Construction Transition

Preliminary Architect. Architect. Devel. Devel. Devel. Transition Transition

Iteration Iteration Iteration Iteration Iteration Iteration Iteration Iteration

Minor Milestones: Releases

An iteration is a distinct sequence of activities with an

established plan and evaluation criteria, resulting in an
executable release (internal or external)
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Use Cases Drive the Iteration Process
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition

Iteration 1 Iteration 2 Iteration 3

“Mini-Waterfall” Process
Iteration Planning
Rqmts Capture
Analysis & Design
Implementation
Test
Prepare Release

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Benefits of Iterative Development

 Benefits of iterative development include:
 early rather than late mitigation of high risks (technical,
requirements, objectives, usability, and so forth)
 early visible progress
 early feedback, user engagement, and adaptation,
leading to a refined system that more closely meets the
real needs of the stakeholders
 managed complexity; the team is not overwhelmed by
"analysis paralysis" or very long and complex steps
 the learning within an iteration can be methodically
used to improve the development process itself,
iteration by iteration
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 Artifacts/Models in UP Workflows
Discipline Artifact Incep. Elab. Const. Trans.
Iteration→ I1 E1…En C1-Cn T1-T2

Business Modeling Domain Model s

Use-Case Model s r
Vision s r
Supplementary Specification s r
Glossary s r
Design Design Model s r
SW Architecture Document s
Data Model s r
Implementation Implementation Model s r r
Project-Management SW Development Plan s r r r
Testing Test Model s r
Environment* Development Case* s r s-start; r-refine
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Summary: Unified Process

 The Unified Modeling Language (UML) is a language for specifying,
visualizing, constructing, and documenting the artifacts of a software-
intensive system

 A software development process defines Who is doing What, When

and How in building a software product

 The Unified Process has four phases: Inception, Elaboration,

Construction and Transition

 Each phase ends at a major milestone and contains one or more

iterations

 An iteration is a distinct sequence of activities with an established plan

and evaluation criteria, resulting in an executable release

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