Session 1:

Introduction to Positive Discipline

Introductions
Administrative Arrangements
https://tinyurl.com/PDETAttendance

Pre-Program Questionnaire
https://tinyurl.com/PDET20
Objectives

• General Objective
• To support teachers in developing the skills and confidence to use
Positive Discipline in their interactions with their learners every day.
• Specific Objectives
At the end of the series, participants will be able to:
• Understand that violence is a significant barrier
to a child’s learning
• Use Positive Discipline to support children’s learning
• Share key actions to help parents support their
children’s learning
Group agreements
 Talk about the Experience of Teaching
1

The experience of teaching

• Joy • Frustration
• Satisfaction • Loss of control
• Pride • Fatigue
• Sense of accomplishment • Anger
Summing up

• Teachers have felt both positive and

negative feelings about their
experiences, particularly in the
context of the COVID-19 Pandemic.
• We will draw on the positive
experiences to motivate us and
strengthen our resolve towards
delivering quality education and
positive change in working with
learners.
Why Positive
Discipline?
• The National Baseline Study on Violence
(2016) against children has found that
80% of the 3,866 boys and girls aged 13-
24 years had experienced some form of
violence in their lifetime.

• LGBT children experience significantly

more physical, emotional, and sexual
violence than other children.

• The Study was not able to gather data on

the prevalence of violence experienced
by children with disabilities.
 Corporal Punishment
is the most common form of violence experienced by children.
It is also called physical and humiliating punishment.
 “Corporal” or “physical” punishment is any punishment in which
physical force is used and intended to cause some degree of pain or
discomfort, however light… In the view of the Committee, corporal
punishment is invariably degrading.

Committee on the Rights of the Child General Comment No. 8: The

right of the child to protection from corporal punishment and other
cruel or degrading forms of punishment
Hitting, slapping, Pinching, pulling hair
Hitting with objects
smacking or ears

Forced standing or Forced

kneeling ingestion
• Violence also includes words or
actions that shame, embarrass,
threaten, or scare children.
• These are emotional
punishments.

• Physical punishments are actions

that hurt the body. It always has
emotional impacts that are at
least as strong as the physical
impact.
• Emotional punishments are words
and actions that hurt the heart.
Shame Anger Humiliation

Fear Hatred Resentment

What do children say?
“
Masakit po talaga. Hanggang paglaki ko nasa damdamin ko ‘yon.
Hanggang ngayon galit na galit pa rin ako sa tatay at nanay ko.”

“ Masakit po. Nakatatak na po sa puso ko.”

“ When I made a mistake, he threw a book at me.

And then, my classmate asked a question, Sir kicked him repeatedly.
Because of these experiences, I think less of myself.”
 • Higher levels of aggression
and anxiety
Physical and emotional
• Lower self-esteem and risk of
violence children have developing depressive
serious consequences to symptoms
children’s well – being • Intergenerational violence

Reference: The Systematic Review of Literature on

the Drivers of Violence against Children (2016)
Factors that push adults to commit physical,
psychological, and sexual violence in the home are:

• Acceptance and justification of the use of corporal punishment or

violent discipline

• Gender inequality – norms that maintain unequal power

relationships between genders

• Financial stress

• Alcohol/substance misuse
Summing up

• We were raised to believe that it is right

and just to punish children for bad
behavior and mistakes.
• We were raised to fear that not
punishing children will lead to a bad
outcome.
• We know now, that VIOLENCE HURTS
CHILDREN NOW and harms their future
prospects.
 But there is hope…

• But we can change our beliefs and

our behavior to end this kind of
violence against children.

• In the 2009 National Study on

Violence in Schools, a significant
number of children 60% - 70% of 6,931
elementary and high school students
have indicated having been talked to
in private or receiving counselling
when they did something wrong.
E-Net Philippines’ Positive Discipline work with
teachers in 3 QC public schools QC and 1 private
school in Marikina:

• In 2018, learners reported that teachers tend to use both

punishment and non-violent discipline.

• In 2019, 30% of elementary pupils and 70% of high school students

have reported that their teachers are practicing positive
discipline instead of punishment.
• This gives us hope that while
changing social norms that accept
corporal punishment of children
and gender inequality can be
difficult, gradual change can
happen.

• Eventually we can learn to use a

non-violent and problem-solving
approach in responding to
challenges instead of using
punishment
 Education in the context of COVID-19 pandemic
• Teachers are expected to deliver
education through a blended approach
using modules delivered online, in
print, or radio/television

• Limited or no face-to-face contact with

learners

• Increased coordination with learner’s

parents or caregivers
 Do Teachers still need to learn Positive Discipline?
• Violence against children still happens in the
home, particularly physical and emotional
punishment

• Violence in the form of punishment can

disrupt children’s learning

• Teachers have a very important role in

helping parents support their children’s
education without using punishment
 Is Positive Discipline still Relevant for
Teachers?
• Through Positive Discipline, we can
establish and provide a safe learning
environment for learners.

• Teachers can model to parents how to

interact with their children at home.

• Teachers are in a position to recognize

potential situations of violence in the home
and refer this to those who can help.
 Mahalaga pa rin, kahit na hindi natin nakikita araw-
araw ang mga learner natin, maramdaman nila yung
Warmth na pwede nating ibigay sa kanila.

– Kindergarten Teacher, Project 6 Elementary School

What is Positive
Discipline?
 Positive Discipline Poll 1

PD Di PD
or
(Positive Discipline) (Not Positive Discipline)
 What is Positive Discipline in Everyday Teaching
(PDET)?

It is a positive, rights-based
approach that helps guide
teachers in creating and
maintaining a learning
environment where all children
are respected and are successful
learners.
 Positive Discipline in Everyday Teaching has its
strong foundation on children’s rights

• The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child was signed by 193

member countries of the United Nations.
• It exists to protect all children and ensure they grow up in the most
optimal environment.
Karapatang
Pambata Alam
Nyo Ba?
 What does the UNCRC say about the Role of Parents?

The UNCRC standards can only be met if parents’ needs are met. Parents
are to be supported to be able to provide for children’s basic needs:

• Article 5: Government will respect the responsibilities, rights, and duties

of parents and caregivers to care for their children.

• Article 18: Parents have the primary responsibility for upbringing and
development of the child and supported by the government.
• These articles indicate that
children’s rights are recognized
alongside the rights of adults.

• Fulfilling the rights of children

should not prevent adults from
enjoying their own rights.

• Fulfilling adult’s human rights

should not prevent children from
enjoying and exercising their rights.
• Through this Positive Discipline web series, the
Department of Education through the Teacher Education
Council Secretariat is providing support to teachers to
transition from punishment to a non-violent and
problem – solving approach.

• By practicing Positive Discipline in their interactions with

learners, teachers are able to protect children from
violence, in line with the Department of Education’s
Child Protection Policy.
 Positive Discipline fulfills children’s rights:

Access to quality Protection from

education discrimination

Protection from all Participation in their

forms of mental and own learning
physical violence
 Children develop better when there is:

1. Warmth 2. Structure
• Physical security • Guidance
• Emotional security • Information
Positive Discipline also
• Trusting relationships
based on Research on
Child Development and
Effective Teachers have:
Effective Teaching
• Knowledge of how children learn and develop
• Ability to regulate their emotions
• Confidence in their skills
 “Discipline”
comes from the Latin word, disciplinare
meaning: to teach, to educate
 Positive Discipline in
Everyday Teaching
✓Effective discipline is positive and
constructive.
✓It involves setting goals for learning and
finding constructive solutions to challenging
situations.
✓Positive discipline supports teaching and
education.
✓It builds learners’ self-confidence and instils
a love of learning that can last a lifetime
Positive Discipline is not…
• Permissiveness
• Letting learners do whatever
they want
• About having no rules, limits or
expectations
• About short-term reactions
• Alternative punishments to
slapping, hitting, and shaming
Positive Discipline is…
• Long-term solutions that develop
learner’s own self-discipline
• Clear and consistent communication
• Based on fairness and knowing your
learners
• Building a mutually respectful
relationship
• Building children’s skills and
confidence
• Teaching children respect for other
people’s feelings
• Teaching life-long skills and fostering a
love of learning
 ✓Long-term solutions that develop learner’s
own self-discipline
✓Clear and consistent communication
✓Based on fairness and knowing your
Positive Discipline learners
is… ✓Building a mutually respectful relationship
✓Building children’s skills and confidence
✓Teaching children respect for other people’s
feelings
✓Teaching life-long skills and fostering a love
of learning
 Behaviour
Positive Discipline
Management
Focus: Obedience Focus: Understanding
A constructive approach to
obstacles, challenges and
frustrations

Knowledge of the materials

The right tools

A clear plan
 Problem
Solving The approach to obstacles,
challenges and frustrations
The PDET Model
Recognizing individual
differences
Knowing the materials
Understanding child
development

Providing Providing
The tools
Warmth Structure

Setting long-term
The plan
goals
Session Evaluation
https://tinyurl.com/PDETeval1
“I did then what
I knew how to do. Now
what I know better, I do
better.”
- Maya Angelou
 Positive Discipline in
Everyday Teaching:
A Primer for Filipino Teachers