Chapter 1
The Problem
Background of the Study
(presents the overview of your topic)
First paragraph (Begin with an interesting introductory sentence about the topic. This may come in a form
of a quote, a principle, or a striking sentence that has the ability to hook your readers up. Credit your
source, expound this thought or sentence.)
Succeeding paragraphs – no limit as to the number of paragraphs. (Continuation of paragraph 1. Search
for issues or problems surrounding your area of study and arrange these thematically – International,
National, Local, and Institutional. Use transitional devices so that you can effectively establish the
connection of your sentences and paragraphs– in addition/ additionally, Furthermore, etc – I will be
sending a file on this) In here, mention also existing literatures or studies, cite these properly. These
literature or studies may agree with or may contradict the issues you are presenting. We merge here the
review of related literature and studies. Chapter 2 will be all about your research methodology.
Last paragraph (This is your concluding paragraph. Wrap up the thoughts that are previously presented
and connect this to your study. It is like, from these issues or problems which you presented, you deem it
necessary to conduct your study. So you have to put in this paragraph one last strike to convince your
readers that there is really a need to fill in the gaps presented, thus, you conduct the study.)
Statement of the Problem
Introductory Sentence (State the general objective of your study. Like this study aims to . . . of the Senior
High School students . . . include your target respondents here. Specifically, it seeks to answer the
following: - break down the general objective into specific questions. But always remember to state your
research questions properly and specifically. Do not put here the exact questions that you are going to ask
your respondents, or those that will be in your research instrument.)
Theoretical framework
This section is a collection of interrelated concepts, like a theories, principles etc. . A theoretical
framework guides your research, determines what things you will measure. So it is necessary that you
search for existing theories and principles relevant to your topic. Discuss these theories in paragraphs. In
the event that you cannot find theories related to your study, drop this section off.
Conceptual Framework
This section illustrates what you expect to find out in your research. It is your research paradigm or the
blueprint of your study. You have to base this framework from your statement of the problem,
considering all variables and using symbols to illustrate the process of the study. There is no rigid format
as to the structure of the conceptual framework. You are free to craft one based on how your study will go
about. Just make it sure to place the boxes and arrows as well as the texts or words or phrases in a logical
manner.
Significance of the Study
This section presents the people, group of people, organization who/ that will benefit from the results of
your study. Put again an introductory sentence here. After the introductory sentence, provide a listing of
those who will benefit from your study.
Scope and Delimitation
This section talks about the things that will be included (scope) and excluded (delimitation) in your study.
You may begin by ‘this study focuses on – the topic. It includes – the respondents, their number, where
they are situated, year, semester. The data is limited to – state here the data that to are going to get from
them.
Next paragraph will be the delimitations. Mention here those that are not included in your study.
Definition of Terms
Begin again with an introductory sentence or statement. Like, to put the readers into a common place of
understanding, the following terms are operationally defined. Remember to define the terms
operationally. Meaning, you define them as to how they will be used in your study. The context of
definition is your study.
How to select the terms to be defined?
Pick up the key terms found in your research title and those that are in your statement of the problem.