repeated heating and cooling.

Rock is peeled off in layers. Caused by

DE
PO

The movement of loose and

SIT
S

Af

weathered rock.
of ossil
in dead fuel
the pl f
sea ants orme
. and d fr
fra
G E
Th gmen
ani om H AN
ma the
e m ts
LC

from the remains of dead plants or

ls t rem ov bvy
CA

Coal, oil and natural gas, formed

em
CHEMICAL WEATHERING

hat a I ent wind

liv ins YS of , w
ed PH roc ate
k g r or
ra i
ns ice.
and

T
AC SE

animals.
TR CE DI
When layers of sediment or rock are

N M
squashed by the weight of sediment

gaps between them.

When crystals fit together with no

CO
ME
EN
TA
TIO
N T
N

CA
K
above them.

LC
IU OC
M
CA I CR
RB RPH BIOLOGICAL WEATHERING
ON M O
AT TA
SEDIMENTARY ROCK

E M E

Aw
siz ord
es
of used
th e to
cry des
E s ta c r ib
T UR ls o e t
r g he s
X
TE rai ha
ns p
in e s a
roc nd
k.
 Due to the activities of living things. E.g. growing
t
h e m. s tha
t k
u gh e roc CO
hr o ri b AL
k t desc

plant roots that can split rocks apart.

so a o
a ter sed t
w u
let ord
POROUS

A w
W
aw hen r
wi ay by ocks
thr
ain chemare b
wa ic roke
al.
ter al r n u
ner
IN mi . eac p /
TE or tio wo
RL
ro c
k ns, rn
CK O usu
a
IN of all
G p ie
ce y
COMPACTION

iny
GEOLOGIST

At

o cks.
r
d ies
stu
ho
S EX
AL
st w
PA
nti
ER ND
cie
N
MI
As
PERMEABLE

To get smaller.
Melting and freezing are examples of a . . .
that stick the rock pieces together.
pieces of rock leaving behind mineral salts
Water is squeezed out of the spaces between

r ock.
AB of s
RA a i ns r drop
SIO gr e
N t s or g wat
n n
a gme movi
fr hen
W
W
by hen r
tem proc ocks
per esse are nto
atu s s bro mpi
re. uch ken bu
as ents way.
cha up /w m
rag wear
a
ng orn k f
es
in away n roc r and
e e
Wh h oth
eac
 es.
edg
p r
sha
ith w OI
al L
i ner
fm o
ces

To get bigger.
Pi e
W
fre hen w
eze at
s it er g
G exp ets
IN and into
she
A s lls o
H ER N s, t a c
AT
edi f de IO his rac
E
m e ad T ma k i n
ONION−SKIN WEATHERING
AC
LW kes ro
nta sea
A ry W
the ck a
SIC roc creat THA
cra nd
Y k m ure −
PH ade s. ck
ZE
big EE
ger
TRANSPORT

fro FR
the
m .

Th
of e che
mo mi
st s cal
ea f
cre rom
ls a
atu wh y ers. cryst
res ich
la
in ckin
g GR
p are the AI
d u erloma she N
l ine int de. lls
n m
ofte d fro
LIMESTONE

e e
t ar form

CRYSTALS
h a
t ck
Ro
.
f rom
ade
.
n ts
e m pl a
ar of
the bottom of a river, lake or sea.
Rock grains and fragments dropped on

o cks FO ai ns
A word used to describe rocks that

tr
SS
a rem
s th
IL
l FU the
ca
mi
E m
e
LS fro
ch de
e ma
Th
have tiny holes in them.

ock
Ar

Ro
ck
for
me
d fro
m N
gra
ins O SIO
stu ER
ck
tog
eth
er.