PROJECT : PAGE :

CLIENT : DESIGN BY :
JOB NO. : DATE : REVIEW BY :
Steel Beam Design with Gravity Loading Based on AISC Manual 13th Edition (AISC 360-05)

INPUT DATA & DESIGN SUMMARY

BEAM SECTION (WF, Tube or WT) => WT8X28.5 WT Ix Sx J bf tf tw
49 7.77 1.10 7.12 0.72 0.43
SLOPED DEAD LOADS wDL,1 = 0.2 kips / ft
wDL,2 = kips / ft
PROJECTED LIVE LOADS wLL,1 = 0.16 kips / ft
wLL,2 = kips / ft
CONCENTRATED LOADS PDL = kips
PLL = kips
BEAM SPAN LENGTH L1 = 20 ft
CANTILEVER LENGTH L2 = ft, (0 for no cantilever)
BEAM SLOPE 0 : 12 (q= 0.00 0 )
DEFLECTION LIMIT OF LIVE LOAD D LL = L / 240
BEAM YIELD STRESS Fy = 50 ksi

THE BEAM DESIGN IS ADEQUATE.

ANALYSIS
DETERMINE REACTIONS, MOMENTS & SHEARS

 w DL ,1    
R 2  0.5   w LL ,1  L1   w DL ,2  wLL ,2   L1  0.5 L 2  L 2  P L1 L 2
 cos    cos   L1 L1
= 3.60 kips

 w DL ,1   
R1    w LL ,1  L1   w DL ,2  w LL ,2  L 2  P  R 2
 cos    cos  
= 3.60 kips

X1 = 10.00 ft
X2 = 10.00 ft
X3 = 0.00 ft

 w DL ,2 
M Min  0.5   w LL ,2  L 22  P L 2  0.0 ft-kips
 cos   

  X 1 X 2 
2
 w DL ,1
M Max    w LL ,1   18.0 ft-kips
 cos   8

Vmax = 3.60 kips, at R1 right.

CHECK MMin BENDING CAPACITY ABOUT MAJOR AXIS (AISC 360-05 Chapter F)

l  Max  L 2 , X 3   0.00 ft, unbraced length

Chapter F Sections for WF Tube WT

Required Conditions F2 F3 F4 F5 F7 F9 Mallowable = Mn / W b =
Double Symmetric x x x 19.4 ft-kips
Compact Web x x > MMin [Satisfactory]
x
Noncompact Web
x
Slender Web where
Compact Flanges x Wb = 1.67 , (AISC 360-05 F1)
Noncompact Flanges x
Slender Flanges
Applicable Section ok

CHECK MMax BENDING CAPACITY ABOUT MAJOR AXIS (AISC 360-05 Chapter F)
Mallowable = Mn / Wb = 19.4 ft-kips, top flange fully supported
> MMax [Satisfactory]
 (cont'd)
CHECK SHEAR CAPACITY ABOUT MAJOR AXIS (AISC 360-05 Chapter G2 or G5)
Vallowable = Vn / Wv = 105.6 kips
> VMax [Satisfactory]

where Wv = 1.67 , (AISC 360-05 G1)

DETERMINE CAMBER AT DEAD LOAD CONDITION

L = L1/ cos q = 20.00 ft, beam sloped span
a = L2/ cos q = 0.00 ft, beam sloped cantilever length
P = PDL cos q = 0.00 kips, perpendicular to beam
w1 = wDL,1 cos q = 0.20 klf, perpendicular to beam
w2 = wDL,2 cos q = 0.00 klf, perpendicular to beam

P a 2  L  a  w1 L 3a w2 a 3  4 L  3a 
 End     0.00 in, downward perpendicular to beam.
3EI 24 EI 24 EI
USE C = 0/4" AT CANTILEVER.
Pa L 2 4 2 2
5w1 L w a
 Mid     2L  0.51 in, downward perpendicular at middle of beam.
16 EI 384 EI 32 EI
USE C = 2/4" AT MID BEAM.

CHECK DEFLECTION AT LIVE LOAD CONDITION

P = PLL cos q = 0.00 kips, perpendicular to beam
w1 = wLL,1 cos2 q = 0.16 klf, perpendicular to beam
w2 = wLL,2 cos2 q = 0.00 klf, perpendicular to beam

 Pa2  L  a  w L 3a w 2 a 3  4 L  3a  
 End    1   cos   0.00 in, downward to vertical direction.

 3EI 24 EI 24 EI 

< 2L2 / 240 = 0.00 in [Satisfactory]

 Pa L 2 5w1 L 4 w2 L 2 a 2 
 Mid       cos   0.41 in, downward to vertical direction.
 16 EI 384 EI 32 EI 
< L1 / 240 = 1.00 in [Satisfactory]
 ROJECT : PAGE :
CLIENT : DESIGN BY :
JOB NO. : DATE : REVIEW BY :
Plate Girder Design Based on AISC Manual 13th Edition (AISC 360-05)

INPUT DATA & DESIGN SUMMARY

STEEL YIELD STRESS Fy = 50 ksi
SIMPLY SUPPORTED SPAN S= 0.00 ft
SUPERIMPOSED UNIFORM DEAD LOAD DL = kips / ft
UNIFORM LIVE LOAD LL = kips / ft
POINT DEAD LOAD PDL = kips
POINT LIVE LOAD PLL = kips
DISTANCE POINT LOAD TO END c= ft
TOP FLANGE WIDTH bf,top = 7.12 in
TOP FLANGE THICKNESS tf,top = 0.72 in
BOTTOM FLANGE WIDTH bf,bot = 7.12 in
BOTTOM FLANGE THICKNESS tf,bot = 0.72 in
WEB THICKNESS tw = 0.43 in
BEAM DEPTH d= 9 in Err:502
UNBRACED LENGTH Lb = 0.00 ft #DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

ANALYSIS
CHECK LIMITING WIDTH-THICKNESS RATIOS FOR WEB (AISC 365-05 Table B4.1)
h c / tw = 17.60 < lr = 137.27
< lp = 90.55
Compact Web
where E= 29000 ksi
lr = 5.7 (E / Fy)0.5 = 137.27
lp = (hc / hp) (E / Fy)0.5 / (0.54 Mp / My -0.09)2 = 0.36 ,for Af,top ≠ Af,bot
lp = 3.76 (E / Fy)0.5 = 90.55 ,for Af,top = Af,bot
hc = 7.57 in hp = 22.14 in
Mp = 292.1 ft-kips My = 32.4 ft-kips

CHECK LIMITING WIDTH-THICKNESS RATIOS FOR FLANGES (AISC 365-05 Table B4.1)
0.5 bf,top / tf,top = 4.98 < lr = 25.09
< lp = 9.15
Compact Flanges
where lr = 1.0 (kc E / FL)0.5 = 25.09
lp = 0.38 (E / Fy)0.5 = 9.15
kc = Min [0.76 , Max (0.35 , 4 / (h / tw)0.5 )] = 0.76
Sxt = 8 in3 Sxc = 8 in3
FL = 35 ksi, (AISC 360-05 Table note B4.1 & Eq F4-6)

DETERMINE CRITERIA FOR ALLOWABLE FLEXURAL STRENGTH (AISC 365-05 Table F1.1)

Chapter F Sections
Required Conditions F2 F3 F4 F5
Double Symmetric x x
Compact Web x x
x
Noncompact Web
Slender Web Mallowable = Mn / W b = 174.9 ft-kips
Compact Flanges x ( from following analysis)
Noncompact Flanges
Slender Flanges
Applicable Section ok

DETERMINE ALLOWABLE FLEXURAL STRENGTH , Mn / Wb , BASED ON AISC 365-05 Chapter F2

E 7.49 ft
L p  1.76 r y 
Fy

2
E Jc  0.7 F y S xh 0  E
L r  1.95r ts 1  1  6.76   r ts 

171.78 ft
0.7 F y S xh0  E Jc 0.7 F
  y

where ry = 2.12 in Sx = 8 in3

h0 = 8.29 in Iy = 89 in4
 (cont'd)
Cw = Iy h02 / 4 = 1520.4 , (AISC 365-05 F2.2)
J = [tw d (tw2 + d2)] / 12 = 26.1821 in4, (not applicable if taken web only, EIT Manual page 26)
(Use J= 1.10 in4 )
rts =[( Iy Cw)0.5/ Sx)]0.5 = 6.87 in
c= 1.0 Cb = 1.0 , (AISC Manual 13th Table 3-1, page 3-10)

2
C b 2E Jc  L b  #DIV/0! ksi
F cr  2
1  0.078   
 Lb  S x h 0  r ts 
 
 r ts 

 M p , for L b  L p

    Lb  L p   
M n, F 2   Min  C b  M p   M p  0.7 F y S x  
   , M p  , for L p  L b  L r
  292.1 ft-kips
 L
 r  L p  
  


 Min  F S
cr x , M p  , for L r  L b

Mallowable, F2 =Mn / Wb = 174.9 ft-kips where Wb = 1.67 , (AISC 365-05 F1)

DETERMINE ALLOWABLE FLEXURAL STRENGTH , Mn / Wb , BASED ON AISC 365-05 Chapter F3

<== Not Applicable.

     pf  
  M p   M p  0.7 F y S x    , for Noncompact Flanges
    rf   pf  
M n, F 3      362.6 ft-kips
 0.9 E k c S x
 , for Slender Flanges
 2
where l = bf / (2 tf) = 4.98
lpf = lp = 9.15 lrf = lr = 25.09

Mallowable, F3 =Min(Mn,F2 , Mn,F3) / Wb = 174.9 ft-kips

DETERMINE ALLOWABLE FLEXURAL STRENGTH , Mn / Wb , BASED ON AISC 365-05 Chapter F4

<== Not Applicable.

E 4.53 ft
L p  1.1r t 
Fy

2
E J  S h 
L r  1.95r t 1  1  6.76 F L xc 0   51.31 ft
FL S xc h 0  E J 

where aw =hc tw/ (bfc tfc) = 0.64

b fc
rt   2.05 in
 1 2 
12  h 0  a w h 
 d 6 h 0d 

Mp = Min [Zx Fy , 1.6Sxc Fy ] = 51.8 ft-kips

Myc = Sxc Fy = 32.375 ft-kips Myt = Sxt Fy = 32.375 ft-kips
l = hc / tw = 17.60
lpw = lp = 0.36 lrw = lr = 137.27

Mp
 , for h c / t w   pw
 M yc
R pc    1.52443
 Min  M p   M p  1     pw  , M p  , for h c / t w   pw
      
  M yc  M yc    rw   pw  M yc 

2
C b 2E 1  0.078 J  L b  
F cr  2   #DIV/0! ksi, (for Iyc / Iy = 0.24 > 0.23, AISC 360-05 F4-5 )
 Lb  S xc h 0  r t 
 
 rt 

 R pc M yc , for L b  L p

    Lb  L p  
M n, F 4.2   Min  C b  R pc M yc   R pc M yc  F L S xc      , R pc M yc  , for L p  L b  L r
  49.3534 ft-kips
    L r L p   

 Min  F S
cr xc , R pc M yc  , for L r  L b
 (cont'd)
 R pc M yc , for Compact Flanges

     pf 
 R pc M yc   R pc M yc  F L S xc     , for Noncompact Flanges

M n, F 5.3     rf   pf  49.3534 ft-kips
  

 0.9 E k c S xc
 , for Slender Flanges
 2
M p
 , for h c / t w   pw
 M yt
R pt   1.52443
 Min  M p   M p  1     pw  , M p  , for h c / t w   pw
      
  M yt  M yt    rw   pw  M yt 

Mallowable, F4 = Min( Mn,F4.2 , Mn,F4.3, RptMyt) / Wb = 29.6 ft-kips

DETERMINE ALLOWABLE FLEXURAL STRENGTH , Mn / Wb , BASED ON AISC 365-05 Chapter F5

<== Not Applicable.
E
Lr   rt  15.47 ft
0.7 F y

 F y , for L b  L p

    L b  L p  
 Min  C b  F y   0.3F y   
  , F y  ,

for L p  L b  L r
  
  L r L p  
 


F cr , F 5.2     50 ksi
  
  C b 2E 
 Min  2
, F y  , for L r  L b
   Lb  
  r  
  t  

 F y , for Compact Flanges


     pf  
  F y   0.3F y     , for Noncompact Flanges
    rf   pf  
F cr , F 5.3    50 ksi
 0.9 E k c , for Slender Flanges
 2
  b f 
  2t f 
 
 Min  a w , 10  h E  
R pg  Min 1   c  5.7  , 1.0   1
 1200  300Min  a w , 10   t w 
Fy  
  
Mallowable, F5 = Min( RpgFySxc , RpgFcr,F5.2Sxc , RpgFcr,F5.3Sxc , FySxt) / Wb = 19.4 ft-kips

DETERMINE ALLOWABLE SHEAR STRENGTH , V n / Wv , BASED ON AISC 365-05 Chapter G2

h = d - tf,top - tf,bot = 8 in , h / tw = 18 , Aw = 3.87 in2 ,

a= 20.0 ft 
1.0 , for h / t w1.10 k vE
 5  Fy
5 2
, for a / h3 
kv    a / h   1.10 k vE E E
5.00 Cv  , for 1.10 k v h / t w1.37 k v  1.000
 h/tw F y Fy Fy
5 , for a / h  3

Vn = 0.6 FyAwCv = 116.1 kips  1.51E k v , for 1.37 k vE  h /
 h/ tw
  t w F y
2
 Fy
Vallowable = Vn / Wv = 69.521 kips Wv = 1.67 , (AISC 365-05 G1)

TOTAL SUPERIMPOSED GRAVITY LOAD

w = DL + LL = 0.000 kips / ft , P = PDL + PLL = 0.00 kips

CHECK EACH SECTION CAPACITIES

Section Left #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! Point #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! Right
Distance 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
d (in) 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9
y (in) 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
I (in4) 191 191 191 191 191 191 191 191 191 191 191 191 191
Wt (plf) 45.7 45.7 45.7 45.7 45.7 45.7 45.7 45.7 45.7 45.7 45.7 45.7 45.7
V (kips) #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! 0.00 #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
M (ft-k) 0 #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
 (cont'd)

BENDING LOADS & CAPACITY

Moments
0

-40

-80

-120

-160

-200
Length

Mmax = #DIV/0! ft-kips @ #DIV/0! ft, from heel.

#DIV/0! Mallowable = 174.9 ft-kips
#DIV/0!
S h ear F o rces

SHEAR LOADS & CAPACITY

1.00
0.80
0.60
0.40
0.20
0.00
Length

Vmax = #DIV/0! kips @ #DIV/0! ft, from heel.

#DIV/0! Vallowable = 69.521 kips #DIV/0!

DETERMINE DEFLECTION AT MID SPAN

5w L 4 0.06415 Pb
 L 2 b 2  
3/ 2
 DL   #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
384 EI EIL (for camber, self Wt included.)

where E= 29000 ksi w= 0.046 kips / ft

I= 191 in4 P= 0 kips
b= -20.0 ft L= 0.0 ft

5w L 4 0.06415Pb
 L 2b 2  
3/ 2
 LL   #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
384 EI EIL

where P= 0 kips w= 0.000 kips / ft

DETERMINE FLANGE TO WEB WELDING (AISC 360-05 J2.4 )

w= 1/4 in
wmin = 3/16 in, < w
wmax = 5/16 in, > w
W= 2.0
Vmax = #DIV/0! kips
Q = Af(d - y - 0.5 tf,top) = 21 in3
vmax = Vmax Q / I = #DIV/0! kips / in

A= 24 in B
 0.6 F EXX   0.707 w  A  #DIV/0! in. o.c.
v max 
#DIV/0!

DESIGN STIFFENERS

1. BEARING STIFFENERS ARE REQUIRED AT EACH END SUPPORT. (AISC 360-05, J10.8)

2. CHECK LOCAL WEB YIELDING FOR THE CONCENTRATED LOAD. (AISC 360-05, J10.2)
R=P= 0.00 kips
N= 0 in, bearing length, point.
k = tf,top + w = 0.97 in
W= 1.5

 R
 , for c  d
 t w  N  5k 
  0.00 < Fy / W [Satisfactory]
 R
, for c  d
 t w  N  2.5 k 

 (cont'd)
3. CHECK WEB CRIPPLING FOR THE CONCENTRATED LOAD. (AISC 360-05, J10.3)

W= 2.0
  1.5
 2 N  t w   EF ywt f , for c 0.5d
0.80t w 13 d  
 t f   tw
  
Rn /   1 /    57.42 > P [Satisfactory]
  1.5
0.40t 2w 13 N  t w   EF ywt f
   , for c 0.5d
  d  t f  tw

  

(Note : If item 2, local web yielding is Satisfactory, this item does not need to be checked.)

4. CHECK SIDESWAY WEB BUCKING FOR THE CONCENTRATED LOAD. (AISC 360-05, J10.4)
dc = d - 2k = 7.07 in
Cr = #DIV/0! ksi
(dc / tw ) / (l / bf) = 999.99
W= 1.76
  3
 C r t wt f  0.4 d c / t w   , for d c / t w 1.7
3

 h 2   l / b f   l/bf
  

 C r t 3wt f   
3 
Rn /   1 /   10.4 d c / t w   , for 1.7  d c / t w  2.3  0.00 > P [Satisfactory]
 h
2   l/b f   l/b f
   

 d c / tw
P , for l / 2.3
 bf



(Note : If item 2, local web yielding is Satisfactory, this item does not need to be checked.)

5. DETERMINE STIFFENER SIZE.

tw = 1/4 in , bst = 3 in

bst / tw = 12.00 < 0.56 (E / Fy)0.5 , (AISC 360-05 Table B4.1)

[Satisfactory]
Ag = 3.72 in2 , I= 6 in4

R= #DIV/0! kips
Wc = 1.67 , (AISC 365-05 E1)
Kl/r= 0.75 h / ( I / Aeff)0.5 = 4.6
Cc = 4.71 (E/ Fy)0.5 = 113

 2E  13305.92 ksi
Fe 
 kl / r  2
 Fy kl
 0.658 F e  F y , for  Cc
 r
R n / c  A g / c     111.2 kips, (AISC 360-05 E2)
 kl
 0.877 F e , for r  Cc #DIV/0! R #DIV/0!

Techincal Reference:
1. AISC: "Steel Construction Manual 13th Edition", American Institute of Steel Construction, 2005.
 PROJECT : PAGE :
CLIENT : DESIGN BY :
JOB NO. : DATE : REVIEW BY :
Steel Beam Design with Gravity Loading Based on AISC-ASD 9th

INPUT DATA & DESIGN SUMMARY

BEAM SECTION => W18X40 => Ix Sx rT bf tf tw
612 68.4 1.52 6.02 0.53 0.32
SLOPED DEAD LOADS wDL,1 = 1.15 kips / ft
wDL,2 = 0.5 kips / ft
PROJECTED LIVE LOADS wLL,1 = 0.8 kips / ft
wLL,2 = 0.5 kips / ft
CONCENTRATED LOADS PDL = 3 kips
PLL = 3 kips
BEAM SPAN LENGTH L1 = 30 ft
CANTILEVER LENGTH L2 = 10 ft, (0 for no cantilever)
BEAM SLOPE 4 : 12 (q= 18.43 0 )
DEFLECTION LIMIT OF LIVE LOAD DLL = L / 360
BEAM YIELD STRESS Fy = 50 ksi

THE BEAM DESIGN IS ADEQUATE.

ANALYSIS
DETERMINE REACTIONS, MOMENTS & SHEARS

 w DL ,1    
R 2  0.5   w LL ,1  L1   w DL ,2  wLL ,2   L1  0.5 L 2  L 2  P L1 L 2
 cos    cos   L1 L1
= 50.17 kips

 w DL ,1   
R1    w LL ,1  L1   w DL ,2  w LL ,2  L 2  P  R 2
 cos    cos  
= 26.47 kips

X1 = 13.16 ft
X2 = 13.16 ft
X3 = 3.69 ft

 w DL ,2 
M Min  0.5   w LL ,2  L 22  P L 2  111.4 ft-kips
 cos   

  X 1 X 2 
2
 w DL ,1
M Max    w LL ,1   174.1 ft-kips
 cos   8

Vmax = 39.89 kips, at R2 left.

CHECK MMin BENDING CAPACITY (AISC-ASD, F1.3, page 5-46)

l  Max  L 2 , X 3   10.00 ft, unbraced length

2
 M1   M1  , since M1 is 0
C b  1.75  1.05    0.3   1.75
M2  M2
rT = 1.52 in , Af = 3.16 in2

 76b f 20000 
L c  MIN  ,  5.39 ft
 Fy
  d / A f  F y 
 102000C b 12000C b 
L u  MAX  r T ,   10.30 ft

 Fy 0.6  d / A f  F y 

510000C b
L3  r T  16.92 ft
Fy
 (cont'd)

2 F y l / r T  
2 
F b1  MIN     F y , 0.6F y   27.5 ksi
  3 1530000C b  
  

 170000C Fy
F b 2  MIN  
b
, 16.7 ksi
  l / rT  2 3 
 

 12000C 
b
F b3  MIN  , 0.6 F y   30.0 ksi
l d / Af  
 

0.66 F y , for l  Lc
0.6
 F y , for L c  l  L u
Fb    30.0 ksi
 MAX  F b1 , F b3  , for L u  l  L3
 MAX  F
 b 2 , F b3  , for l  L 3

fb = MMin / Sx = 19.5 ksi < Fb [Satisfactory]

CHECK LOCAL BUCKLING (AISC-ASD Tab. B5.1)

bf / (2tf ) = 5.73 < 65 / (Fy)0.5 = 9.19
[Satisfactory]
d / tw = 56.83 < 640 / (Fy)0.5 = 90.51
[Satisfactory]

CHECK MMax BENDING CAPACITY (AISC-ASD, F1.3, page 5-46)

fb = MMax / Sx = 30.5 ksi < Fb = 0.66 Fy = 33.0 ksi [Satisfactory]

CHECK SHEAR CAPACITY (AISC-ASD, F4, page 5-49)

fv = VMax/ twd = 7.1 ksi < Fv = 0.4 Fy = 20.0 ksi [Satisfactory]

DETERMINE CAMBER AT DEAD LOAD CONDITION

L = L1/ cos q = 31.62 ft, beam sloped span
a = L2/ cos q = 10.54 ft, beam sloped cantilever length
P = PDL cos q = 2.85 kips, perpendicular to beam
w1 = wDL,1 cos q = 1.09 klf, perpendicular to beam
w2 = wDL,2 cos q = 0.47 klf, perpendicular to beam

Pa 2  L  a  w1 L 3a w 2 a  4 L  3a 
3
 End     -0.69 in, uplift perpendicular to beam.
3EI 24 EI 24 EI
USE C = 3/4" AT CANTILEVER.
Pa L 2 4 2 2
5w1 L wL a
 Mid     2  1.36 in, downward perpendicular at middle of beam.
16 EI 384 EI 32 EI
USE C = 5/4" AT MID BEAM.

CHECK DEFLECTION AT LIVE LOAD CONDITION

P = PLL cos q = 2.85 kips, perpendicular to beam
w1 = wLL,1 cos2 q = 0.72 klf, perpendicular to beam
w2 = wLL,2 cos2 q = 0.45 klf, perpendicular to beam

 Pa2  L  a  w L 3a w 2 a 3  4 L  3a  
 End    1   cos   -0.19 in, uplift to vertical direction.

 3EI 24 EI 24 EI 

< 2L2 / 360 = 0.67 in [Satisfactory]

 Pa L 2 5w1 L 4 w2 L 2 a 2 
 Mid       cos   0.84 in, downward to vertical direction.
 16 EI 384 EI 32 EI 
< L1 / 360 = 1.00 in [Satisfactory]