BS en 14399-9-2018 - TC - (2021-05-23 - 05-17-10 PM)

BS EN 14399-9:2018 — Tracked Changes
compares BS EN 14399-9:2018
with BS EN 14399-9:2009
High-strength structural bolting assemblies

for preloading
Part 9: System HR or HV - Direct tension indicators for bolt and

nut assemblies
TRACKED CHANGES
IMPORTANT — PLEASE NOTE

This is a tracked changes copy and uses the following colour coding:
Text example 1 — indicates added text (in green)

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About Tracked Changes

This document is a PDF containing a Tracked Changes version of
BS EN 14399-9, which compares BS EN 14399-9:2018 with
BS EN 14399-9:2009.
The original version of BS EN 14399-9:2018, appended at the end of this

document, should be considered the version of record for this
publication.
© The British Standards Institution 2019

Published by BSI Standards Limited 2019
ISBN 978 0 539 09225 7
Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication

Date Text affected
BS EN 14399-9:20092018 BRITISH STANDARD
National foreword
This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 14399-
9: 2009. The standard supersedes BS 7644-1:1993 and BS 7644-2:1993
which are declared obsolescent.
The BS EN 14399 series of standards comprise ten parts.
BS EN 14399–1:2005 provides the general and harmonization
requirements to which the other parts, which provide specific
requirements regarding manufacture, materials and testing, relate.
Following the agreement to extend the period of co-existence to two
years for BS EN 14399 Parts 1 to 6, CEN/TC 185/WG 6 applied for and
received approval for the same extension to be applied to all other
structural bolting standards.
Direct Tension Indicators conforming to BS EN 14399–-9:2009 are
designed and manufactured to work with bolt assemblies of property
classes 8.8 and 10.9 conforming to BS EN 14399–3:2005 and property
class 10.9 conforming to BS EN 14399–4:2005 to generate the axial
tensile loads specified in BS EN 1090-2:2008
This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 14399-9:2018. It

supersedes BS EN 14399-9:2009, which is withdrawn.
The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical

Committee FME/9/1, Mechanical properties of fastenersFME/9/-/2,
Fasteners for structural bolting.
A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on

request to its secretary.
This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions
of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.
© BSI 2009The British Standards Institution 2018

Published by Standards Limited 2018
ISBN 978 0 580 54251 0978 0 580 92176 6
ICS 21.060.01
Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from

legal obligations.
This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards
Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2009May 2018.
Date Text affected

BS EN 14399-9:20092018
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 14399-9

NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
March 2009May 2018
ICS 21.060.01 Supersedes EN 14399-9:2009
English Version
High-strength structural bolting assemblies for preloading - Part 9:

System HR or HV - Direct tension indicators for bolt and nut
assemblies
Boulonnerie de construction métallique à haute Hochfeste planmäßig vorspannbare
résistance apte à la précontrainte - Partie 9 : SchraubenverbindungenGarnituren für
Système HR ou HV - RondellesBoulons avec denSchraubverbindungen im Metallbau - Teil 9:
rondelles indicatrices de précontrainte pour les System HR oder HV - Direkte Kraftanzeiger für
boulons Garnituren aus Schrauben und Muttern
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 24 January 200922 October 2017.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION

COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17Rue de la Science 23, B-10001040 Brussels
© 20092018 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means Ref. No. EN 14399-9:2009:2018 E
reserved worldwide for CEN national Members.
BS EN 14399-9:20092018
EN 14399-9:20092018 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword ............................................................................................................................................... 3

Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................ 5
1 Scope ............................................................................................................................................................ 1
2 Normative references ............................................................................................................................. 1
3 Direct tension indicators ........................................................................................................................ 3
3.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................ 3
3.2 Dimensions ................................................................................................................................................ 3
3.3 Specifications and reference standards for direct tension indicators ......................................5
3.4 Functional test of direct tension indicators ...................................................................................... 6
3.5 Test method for measuring compression loads (all finishes) on direct tension
indicators .................................................................................................................................................... 7
3.5.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................ 7
3.5.2 Testing apparatus ....................................................................................................................................8
3.5.3 Support blocks ..........................................................................................................................................9
3.5.4 Bearing blocks ........................................................................................................................................ 11
3.5.5 Calibration ............................................................................................................................................... 11
3.5.6 Test procedure ....................................................................................................................................... 11
3.6 Marking of the direct tension indicator .......................................................................................... 15
3.7 Designation of the direct tension indicator ................................................................................... 15
4 Nut face washers (HN) and bolt face washers (HB) ..................................................................... 15
4.1 Dimensions ............................................................................................................................................. 15
4.2 Specifications and reference standards for nut face washers (HN) and bolt face
washers (HB) .......................................................................................................................................... 18
4.3 Marking .................................................................................................................................................... 18
4.3.1 Nut face washers (HN) .......................................................................................................................... 18
4.3.2 Bolt face washers (HB) ......................................................................................................................... 18
4.4 Designation of nut face washers (HN) and bolt face washers (HB) ......................................... 19
5 Functional characteristics .................................................................................................................. 19
5.1 Bolting assemblies ................................................................................................................................ 19
5.2 Functional characteristics of direct tension indicators in the assembly ............................... 20
5.3 Functional characteristics of bolting assemblies with direct tension indicator ................. 21
5.3.1 General ..................................................................................................................................................... 21
5.3.2 Suitability test procedures ................................................................................................................. 21
Annex A (informative) Use of structural bolting assemblies for preloading with direct
tension indicators ................................................................................................................................. 24
A.1 General ..................................................................................................................................................... 24
A.2 Bolting assembly configurations ...................................................................................................... 24
A.3 Checking ................................................................................................................................................... 26
Bibliography .......................................................................................................................................................... 29
ii
BS EN 14399-9:20092018
EN 14399-9:20092018 (E)
forewordEuropean foreword
This document (EN 14399-9:2009EN 14399-9:2018) has been prepared by Technical Committee
CEN/TC 185 “Fasteners”, the secretariat of which is held by DINBSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2009,November 2018 and conflicting
national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2011November 2018.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
This document supersedes EN 14399-9:2009.
In comparison with EN 14399-9:2009, the following modifications have been made:
— Table 1 containing the overview of the composition of bolting assemblies and component marking
has been revised;
— the test method for measuring compression loads on direct tension indicators has been revised;
— the suitability test for bolting assemblies including direct tension indicators has been revised;
— Informative Annex A has been deleted;
— Informative Annex on the use of direct tension indicators has been added.
EN 14399 consists of the following parts, under the general title High-strength structural bolting
assemblies for preloading:
— Part 1: General requirements
— Part 2: Suitability for preloading
— Part 3: System HR — Hexagon bolt and nut assemblies
— Part 4: System HV — Hexagon bolt and nut assemblies
— Part 5: Plain washers
— Part 6: Plain chamfered washers
— Part 7: System HR — Countersunk head bolt and nut assemblies
— Part 8: System HV — Hexagon fit bolt and nut assemblies
— Part 9: System HR or HV — Direct tension indicators for bolt and nut assemblies
— Part 10: System HRC — Bolt and nut assemblies with calibrated preload
iii
BS EN 14399-9:20092018
EN 14399-9:20092018 (E)
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
iv
BS EN 14399-9:20092018
EN 14399-9:20092018 (E)
Introduction
This document is part of the EN 14399 parts 1 to 10series which specify high-strength structural bolting
for preloading; this part belongs to both systemstypes, HR and HV. Direct tension indicators (known
formerly as load indicating washers) used in conjunction with bolt and nut face washers (HN) and bolt
face washers (HB) are load indicating devicedevices which are placed under the bolt head or under the
nut. The direct tension indicators have protrusions on one face which compress under load and thus may
be used to indicate that at least the magnitude of therequired preload has been achieved in the bolting
assembly.
Direct tension indicators are only to be sold as partcomponents of a complete assembly that comprises
structural bolting assemblies comprised of bolts, nuts and associated washers that otherwise complies
with EN 14399-3, EN 14399−4, EN 14399−7 or EN 14399−8. The systemscomposition of
bolt/nut/washer/direct tension indicator assemblies are describedis shown in Table 1.
Table 1 — Systems of bolt/nut/washer assemblies
Bolt/nut/washer assembly System

Bolt/nut/washer
HR assembly System HV
General requirements EN 14399-1

Bolt/nut assembly EN 14399-3 or EN 14399-7 EN 14399-4 or EN 14399-8
Marking HR HV
Property classes 8.8/8 or 8.8/10 10.9/10 10.9/10
Washers EN 14399-5 or EN 14399-6 EN 14399-5 or EN 14399-6

Marking H H
Direct tension indicator EN 14399-9
Marking H8 H10 H10
Bolt/nut face washer EN 14399-9
Marking HB/HN HB/HN
Suitability test for
preloading EN 14399-2 EN 14399-2
Preloaded bolted assemblies are very sensitive to differences in manufacture and lubrication. Therefore
it is important that the assembly isbolting assemblies are supplied by one manufacturer, who is always
responsible for the functionfunctionality of the assemblybolting assemblies as supplied.
For the same reason it is important that hot dip galvanizing or other surface coatingsthe coating of the
assembly arebolting assemblies is under the control of one manufacturer.
Beside the mechanical properties of the components, the functionality of the assemblybolting assemblies
requires that the specified preload can be achieved when the average gap remaining after tightening
(compressed protrusions) is less than the specified values in this standard, if the assembly is tightened
with a suitable procedure. The For this purpose the test method given in this standard has beenwas
developed to demonstrate the suitability, which demonstrates whether the functionality of the
components for preloadingbolting assemblies is fulfilled.
v
vi
Table 1 — Composition of high-strength structural bolting assemblies and component marking
Type of bolting assembly System HR System HV System HRC

General requirements EN 14399-1
Suitability for preloading EN 14399-2 and, if any, additional testing specified in the product standard
Bolt and nut EN 14399-3 EN 14399-7 EN 14399-4 EN 14399-8 EN 14399-10
BS EN 14399-9:20092018
EN 14399-9:20092018 (E)
Bolt HR8.8 HR10.9 HR8.8 HR10.9 HV10.9 HVP10.9 HRC10.9
HR8 HR8
Marking
Nut or HR10 or HR10 HV10 HV10 HR10 HRD10
HR10 HR10
EN 14399-5 a
Washer(s) EN 14399-5 a or EN 14399-6 EN 14399-6
or EN 14399-6
H or HR b
Marking H or HR b H or HV b H or HR b
or HD c
Direct tension indicator and
nut face washer or bolt face EN 14399-9
washer, if any
Direct tension H8 H10 H8 H10 H10
indicator Not applicable
Nut face washer HN HN
Marking
bolt face washer HB Not applicable HB
a EN 14399–5 can only be used under the nut.
b At the choice of the manufacturer.
c Mandatory mark for washers with enlarged outer diameter according to EN 14399–5 only.
BS EN 14399-9:20092018
EN 14399-9:20092018 (E)
1 Scope
This document specifies, together with EN 14399-1, the requirements for assemblies of high-strength
structural bolts and nuts, with large width across flats, of system HR or HV, including and EN 14399-2,
the requirements for the general dimensions, tolerances, materials and performance for two grades, H8
and H10, of compressible washer-type direct tension indicators, nut face washers (HN) and bolt face
washers (HB) as part of high-strength structural bolting assemblies suitable for preloaded joints. The
assemblies include the nominal thread sizes M12 up to and including M36 and property classes 8.8/8
8.8/10 and 10.9/10.
Bolt and nut assemblies to this document have been designed to allow preloading of at least 0,7 fub ×
As1) according to EN 1993-1-8:2005 (Eurocode 3) and to obtain ductility predominantly by plastic
elongation of the bolt for system HR according to EN 14399-3 or by plastic deformation of the engaged
threads for system HV according to EN 14399-4; also countersunk and fit bolts according to EN 14399-7
and -8 respectively.
These direct tension indicators are specified as part of high-strength structural bolting assemblies of
system HR or HV in accordance with EN 14399-3, EN 14399-4, EN 14399-7 or EN 14399-8, with nominal
thread sizes M12 up to and including M36 and property classes 8.8/8 or 8.8/10 and 10.9/10.
It specifies two property designations H8 and H10 for direct tension indicators, together with general
dimensions, tolerances, materials and functional property/ies.
Bolting assemblies in accordance with this document have been designed to allow preloading of at least
0,7 fub × As1) according to EN 1993-1-8 (Eurocode 3) and to obtain ductility predominantly by plastic
elongation of the bolt for system HR in accordance with EN 14399-3 or EN 14399-7, or by plastic
deformation of the engaged threads for system HV in accordance with EN 14399-4 or EN 14399-8.
Bolt and nutBolting assemblies conforming to this document may include washer(s) according to EN
14399-6 or to EN 14399-5 (under the nut only).
The purpose of the direct tension indicators is to show that a defined preload is achieved in the bolt. The
direct tension indicator can be used alone or with bolt face washers or nut face washers conforming to
this standard. In either case it is essential that the direct tension indicators are used as part of an
assembly in accordance with EN 14399-1.
To comply with EN 14399-1, it is essential that the assemblies are supplied by one manufacturer and
include bolts, nuts, washers and direct tension indicators.
NOTE 1 Attention is drawn to the importance of ensuring that the bolting assemblies are correctly used if
satisfactory results are to be obtained. For recommendations concerning proper application, reference to EN 1090–
2 is made.
The test methodGeneral requirements and requirements for suitability for preloading isare specified in
EN 14399-2 and supplemented by together with Clause 5 of this document.
Guidance on the use of compressible washer-type direct tension indicators is given in EN 1090-2.
NOTE 2 Compressible washer-type directDirect tension indicators are also known as load indicating washers.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced documentsin this document
and are indispensable for theits application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited
applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
1
BS EN 14399-9:20092018
EN 14399-9:20092018 (E)
EN 13811, Sherardizing –ISO 17668, Zinc diffusion coatings on ferrous products — Sherardizing —
Specification (ISO 17668)
EN 14399-1:2005EN 14399-1, High-strength structural bolting assemblies for preloading — Part 1:

General requirements
EN 14399-2:2005EN 14399-2, High-strength structural bolting assemblies for preloading — Part 2:

Suitability for preloading
EN 14399-3, High-strength structural bolting assemblies for preloading — Part 3: System HR — Hexagon
bolt and nut assemblies
EN 14399-4, High-strength structural bolting assemblies for preloading — Part 4: System HV — Hexagon
EN 14399-5, High-strength structural bolting assemblies for preloading — Part 5: Plain washers
EN 14399-6, High-strength structural bolting assemblies for preloading — Part 6: Plain chamfered washers
EN 14399-7, High-strength structural bolting assemblies for preloading — Part 7: System HR - Countersunk
head bolt and nut assemblies
EN 14399-8, High-strength structural bolting assemblies for preloading — Part 8: System HV - Hexagon fit
EN ISO 3269:2000, Fasteners — Acceptance inspection (ISO 3269:2000)
EN ISO 4759-3, Tolerances for fasteners — Part 3: Plain Washers for bolts, screws and nuts — Product
grades A, C and CF (ISO 4759-3:2000ISO 4759-3)
EN ISO 6507-1, Metallic materials — Vickers hardness test — Part 1: Test method
(ISO 6507-1:2005ISO 6507-1)
EN ISO 6508-1, Metallic materials — Rockwell hardness test — Part 1: Test method (scales A, B, C, D, E, F, G,
H, K, N, T) (ISO 6508-1:2005ISO 6508-1)
EN ISO 7500-1, Metallic materials – Verification— Calibration and verification of static uniaxial testing
machines — Part 1: Tension/compression testing machines – Verification— Calibration and
calibrationverification of the force-measuring system (ISO 7500-1:2004ISO 7500-1)
1) fub is the nominal tensile strength (Rm) and As is the nominal stress area of the bolt.
2
BS EN 14399-9:20092018
EN 14399-9:20092018 (E)
3 Direct tension indicators
3.1 General
The purpose of direct tension indicators is to show that a defined preload is achieved in the bolting
assemblies. The direct tension indicator shall be used as specified in 5.1, with or without nut face
washers (HN), and with or without bolt face washers (HB). The direct tension indicators shall be
qualified as components of bolting assemblies, in accordance with EN 14399-1.
To comply with EN 14399-2 the bolting assemblies shall be supplied by one manufacturer, and shall
include bolts, nuts, washers and direct tension indicators. Bolting assemblies may also include nut face
washers (HN) and/or bolt face washers (HB), if required.
3.13.2 Dimensions
Before installation, the dimensions and tolerances of compressible washer-type direct tension
indicators shall be as givenspecified in Table 2 and Figure 1. The size and number of protrusions on the
direct tension indicator shall be sufficient to meet the performance requirements of 3.33.4 and their
number shall be not less than four. The protrusions on athe direct tension indicator shall be spaced at
equal angular intervals. The shape of the protrusions is at the discretionchoice of the manufacturer.
3
BS EN 14399-9:20092018
EN 14399-9:20092018 (E)
Key
d1 internal diameter
d2 external diameter
d3 protrusion tangential external diameter
d4 protrusion tangential internal diameter
h1 material thickness (excluding protrusions)
h2 height over protrusions (including protrusions)
h3 height of protrusions
Figure 1 — Dimensions of compressible washer-type direct tension indicator (example

with six protrusions)
Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of the protrusions (other forms including curved may be
used).
For coated direct tension indicators, the dimensions apply prior to coating.
Direct tension indicators may have indentations or other features on the outside diameter that
correspond to and are aligned with feeler gauge entry spaces to indicate where feeler gauges shall be
inserted.
4
BS EN 14399-9:20092018
EN 14399-9:20092018 (E)
Table 2 — Dimensions of compressible washer-type direct tension

indicatorindicators
Dimensions in millimetres
Material Height over Protrusio Protrusio

Height
For use Internal External thickness protrusions of
n n
with bolts diameter diamete (excluding (including
protrusio
tangential tangential
of r protrusions) protrusions) external internal
ns
designati diameter diameter
onNomi h1 h2
d1
nal size h3 d3 d4
min max mi d2 ma min. max.
d . . n. x. min. max. min.
(nominal
thread
diameter
of
associate
d bolt)
M12 12,7 12,8 26, 32, 2,505 5,505 0,808 20,0 13,85
5 5 0 5
M16 16,7 16,8 35, 36, 3,000 6,000 0,808 25,0 17,85
5 5 0 8
M20 20,9 21,0 41, 46, 3,505 6,505 0,808 29,0 22,05
5 5 0 0
M22 23,0 23,1 46, 50, 4,000 7,000 0,808 33,0 24,15
5 5 5 6
M24 25,1 25,2 50, 55, 4,000 7,000 0,808 38,0 26,25
5 5 0 2
M27 28,3 28,4 54, 62, 4,000 7,000 0,808 43,0 29,40
0 0 0 1
M30 31,4 31,5 59, 69, 4,000 7,000 0,808 46,5 32,55
5 5 0 0
M36 37,7 37,8 78, 83, 4,000 7,505 0,808 56,0 38,85
5 5 0 0
3.23.3 Specifications and reference standards for direct tension indicators
The specifications and reference standards are given in Table 3.
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BS EN 14399-9:20092018
EN 14399-9:20092018 (E)
Table 3 — Specifications and reference standards for direct tension indicators
Material Steel
General requirements EN 14399–1 and EN 14399–2
hardened and tempered or controlled rolled and
Heat treatment tempered
Maximum hardness 380 HV
NormalUncoated as processed c
Surface finishFinish Sherardized b EN 13811EN ISO 17668

— Coating a Others to be agreed d
EN 14399–3, EN 14399–4, EN 14399–7 or
Associated bolts and nuts EN 14399–8
Associated washers EN 14399–5 or EN 14399–6
For acceptance procedure, see EN ISO 3269:2000
Acceptability e.
a The direct tension indicators shall not be electroplated or subjected to any process that could result in
hydrogen embrittlement.
b Sherardizing is considered to provide corrosion protection equivalent to hot dip galvanizing.
c “As processed” means the normal finish resulting from manufacture with a light oil coating.
d Other coatings may be negotiated between the purchaser and the manufacturer providing they do not
impair the mechanical properties or functional characteristics. Coatings of cadmium or cadmium alloys are not
permitted.
e For acceptance criteria use 0,65 AQL, Ac No= 0; see EN ISO 3269:2000, TablesTable 5 and Table 6.
3.3 Performance4 Functional test of direct tension indicators
The direct tension indicators shall be tested on a calibrated load-measuring device; see 3.43.5 for the test
procedure. The load requirement of Table 4 shall be met when the direct tension indicators are
compressed to the average gaps given in Table 9gap of 0,40 mm.
Samples of direct tension indicators shall be tested by the manufacturer after the final production
process including the surface finish, if any. Instead of five tests according to EN 14399-1:2005, 6.2.5.2,
theThe minimum number of direct tension indicators tested per manufacturing lot shall be eight and all
samples shall pass the test.
6
BS EN 14399-9:20092018
EN 14399-9:20092018 (E)
Table 4 — IndicatorTest compression loads at appropriate0,40 mm gap (see Table 9)

Load in kN
Compression load
For use with bolts of Designation H8 Designation
designationNomina H10
l size
min. max. min. max.
d
(nominal thread
diameter of
associated bolt)
M12 47 56 59 71
M16 88 106 110 132
M20 137 164 172 206
M22 170 204 212 254
M24 198 238 247 296
M27 257 308 321 385
M30 314 377 393 472
M36 458 550 572 688
NOTE These minimum values are equal to 0,7 fub × As in accordance
with EN 1993–1-1:2005EN 1993–1–8.
3.43.5 Test method for measuring compression loads (all finishes) on direct
tension indicators
3.4.13.5.1 General
This test method is for the measurement of applied compressive loads developed with at a defined
deformation state of direct tension indicators. The method involves a pressing/flatteningan initial
operation (step 1) to remove variations due tozero the manufacturing processdirect reading gauge
depending on the actual material thickness h1, which is followed by measurement of the compression
load whencompressing the protrusions are deformedof the direct tension indicator (step 2) to the
specified gap and measuring the resulting compression load.
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BS EN 14399-9:20092018
EN 14399-9:20092018 (E)
3.4.23.5.2 Testing apparatus
Testing apparatus shall include a compression loading system, top and bottom bearing blocks, and
support blocks that allow each allowing direct tension indicatorindicators to be measured using a direct
reading gauge. It comprises a top bearing block (key 3 in Figure 4), a bottom bearing block (key 9 in
Figure 4), and a support block for each nominal size of direct tension indicators (key 6 in Figure 4).
The compression loading system shall transmit a compressive load axially from the testing apparatus
shall beto the direct tension indicator.
The force-measuring system of the testing apparatus shall be calibrated in accordance with EN ISO 7500-
1 and shall be, class 1 or better.
The gap shall be measured with a direct reading gauge with an accuracy of at least class 10,0125 mm.
The direct reading gauge of the testing apparatus shall be capable of measuring the gap variation to
within 0,012 5 mm.
NOTE Because of acceptable variations in bolt dimensions and coating characteristics, bolts cannot be used as a
means of gauging the direct tension indicator measured minimum and maximum performancefunctional
properties.
8
BS EN 14399-9:20092018
EN 14399-9:20092018 (E)
3.4.3 Compression loading system
The compression loading system shall transmit a compressive load axially from the testing apparatus to
the direct tension indicator. The bottom bearing block of the loading system shall be able to accept the
cylindrical protrusions of the direct tension indicator support blocks.
3.4.43.5.3 Support blocks
Support blocks (key 6 in Figure 4) shall be grooved on one side so that the direct reading gauge can be
zeroed without compressing the direct tension indicator protrusions (see Figure 2). Thus, the exact
material thickness h1 of the direct tension indicator being tested is taken into account, and the flat
surface of the side of the direct tension indicator having protrusions is made to relate exactly to the zero
point of the gauge that shall react onbe located at the centre of the direct tension indicator support
block.
Support blocks shall have a minimum Rockwell hardness of 50 HRC.
Support blocks shall conform to the dimensions shown in Figure 3 and Table 5, and shall have a
minimum diameter of 75 mm, which shall be larger than the outside diameter of the direct tension
indicator.
The surfaces of support blocks shall be parallel to within 0,005 mm across the diameter of the support
block.
Key
1 side A
2 side B
Figure 2 — Support block
9
BS EN 14399-9:20092018
EN 14399-9:20092018 (E)
Key
1 side A
2 side B
Figure 3 — Support block dimensions
Table 5 — Support block dimensions
For use with Ca E F
bolts of
designationNom
inal size
d
(nominal
thread
diameter of min. max. min. min. max.
associated
bolt)
M12 10,5 11 3 23 23,5
M16 15 15,5 3 30 30,5
M20 19 19,5 3 34 34,5
M22 21 21,5 3 38 38,5
M24 23 23,5 3 43 43,5
M27 26 26,5 3 49 49,5
M30 29 29,5 3 53,5 54
M36 35 35,5 3,5 63 63,5
NOTEa Height of the cylindrical boss = 2,16 mm ± 0,0125 mm with no
more than 0,005 mm difference in height between side “A” and “B”.
10
BS EN 14399-9:20092018
EN 14399-9:20092018 (E)
3.4.53.5.4 Bearing blocks
The uppertop bearing block (key 3 in Figure 4) shall have a minimum diameter of 75 mm and shall be
larger than the outside diameter of the direct tension indicator.
Bearing blocks shall have a minimum Rockwell hardness of 50 HRC.
The bottom bearing block (key 9 in Figure 4) shall be larger than the outside diameter of the
corresponding support block, and shall be able to accept the cylindrical boss of the support block (see
dimension c of Figure 3).
The upperThe top and bottom bearing block surfaces shall be parallel to within 0,012 5 mm across the
width of the support block.
Top and bottom bearing blocks shall have a minimum Rockwell hardness of 50 HRC.
3.4.63.5.5 Calibration
The testing apparatusforce-measuring system and itsthe direct reading gauge of the testing apparatus
shall be calibrated at least once per year.
The calibrated test datacalibration certificates shall be retained.

3.4.73.5.6 Test procedure
3.4.7.13.5.6.1 General
The test shall be carried out at an ambient temperature range of 10 °C to 35 °C.
The support block shall be selected corresponding to the nominal size and type of direct tension
indicator to be tested.
3.4.7.23.5.6.2 Zero direct reading gauge
See Step 1 of Figure 4.
The direct tension indicator shall be placed against Side A (see Figure 2) of the support block, with
protrusions facing down, into the grooves of the support block.
The support block and direct tension indicator shall be placed into the test apparatus with Side B of the
support block seated in the bottom bearing block (key 9 of Figure 4) of the test apparatus.
The direct reading gauge spindle shall be in contact with the centre of the direct tension indicator
support block during the test (see Figure 4).
A compression load equal to the minimum required load for the nominal size and type ofproperty
designation (H8 or H10) of the direct tension indicator being tested (see Table 4) shall be applied and,
whilstwhile this load is applied, the direct reading gauge shall be set at zero.
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The load shall be released and the support block and direct tension indicator shall be removed from the
test apparatus.
The support block shall be inverted so that Side A with the groove is facing down.
3.4.7.33.5.6.3 Measure compression load
The flat surface of the same direct tension indicator shall be placed against Side B of the support block
with protrusions facing up.
The support block and direct tension indicator shall be placed into the test apparatus with Side A of the
support block seated in the bottom bearing block (key 9 in Figure 4) of the test apparatus.
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EN 14399-9:20092018 (E)
TheDuring step 2, the compression load shall be applied until the gauge reading is equal to the gap of
0,40 mm. The compression loadrate of loading shall be applied atof such a rate that the direct tension
indicator is compressed within 30 s from the time the compression load is first appliedstart of the
loading until the gauge reading of 0,40 mm gap is achieved.
3.4.7.43.5.6.4 Read and record
The compression load corresponding to the gap gauge reading of 0,40 mm shall be read and the results
shall be recorded.
a) Step 1: Zero direct reading gauge
13
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EN 14399-9:20092018 (E)
Before compression After compression
b) Step 2: Turn direct tension indicator over, compress to test gapspecified gauge reading,
and read compression load
Key
1 direct reading gauge
2 Testmachine frame
3 Bearingtop bearing block
4 Protrusiondirect tension indicator protrusions facing down
5 Protrusiondirect tension indicator protrusions facing up
6 support block
7 side A
8 side B
9 bottom bearing block
10 Bottom bearing block before compression
11 Bottom bearing block after compression
Figure 4 — Steps for determining compression load
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EN 14399-9:20092018 (E)
3.53.6 Marking of the direct tension indicator
Direct tension indicators shall be marked with the identification mark of the manufacturer of the bolting
assembly, and H8 or H10 as appropriate.
The marking shall be indented into the direct tension indicator face from which the protrusions project.
NOTE It is recommended to stamp lot numbersnumber on the face of the direct tension indicator.
3.63.7 Designation of the direct tension indicator
When designating for the purpose of an enquiry or order, the following information shall be given:
a) general product description, i.e. for direct tension indicators, DTI;
b) the associated nominal bolt diameter (M12, etc.);
c) DTI property designation “H8” or “H10” as appropriate;
d) the number of this European Standard, EN 14399-9;
e) details ofthe coating (, if required) any, and the relevant European Standard.
EXAMPLE Direct tension indicator, M12, H8 ofDTI EN 14399–9 — M12 – sherardized

to EN 13811 –EN ISO 17668, class 30
4 Nut face washers (HN) and bolt face washers (HB)
4.1 Dimensions
The dimensions and tolerances of nut face washers (HN) and bolt face washers (HB) shall be as
givenspecified in Tables Table 6 and Table 7 and Figures Figure 5 and Figure 6.
Key
h thickness
Figure 5 — Dimensions of nut face washers (HN)
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EN 14399-9:20092018 (E)
Table 6 — Dimensions of nut face washers (HN)

Internal External Thickness

For use with bolts diameter diameter
of
designationNomin d1 d2 h
al size min. max. min. max. min. max.
d
(nominal thread
diameter of
associated bolt)
M12 12,1 12,35 22,7 24 2,7 4,3
M16 16,1 16,35 27,7 29 3,7 4,3
M20 20,1 20,40 34,4 36 3,7 4,3
M22 22,3 22,60 37,4 39 3,7 4,3
M24 24,2 24,50 41,4 43 3,7 4,3
M27 27,2 27,55 46,4 48 4,4 5,6
M30 30,2 30,55 50,1 52 4,4 5,6
M36 36,2 36,55 60,1 62 5,4 6,6
NOTE The washers are intended to fit over the threaded portion of the shank only. In some cases
the washer internal diameter, d1, is less than the bolt shank maximum diameter specified in EN
14399–3 and EN 14399–4.
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EN 14399-9:20092018 (E)
Key
h thickness
c inside chamfer
e outside chamfer
Figure 6 — Dimensions of bolt face washers (HB)
Table 7 — Dimensions of bolt face washers (HB)

Internal External Thickness Inside Outside

For use with diameter diameter chamfer chamfer
bolts of
designationNo d1 d2 h c e
minal size min. max. min. max. min. max. min. max. min. max.
d
(nominal
thread
diameter of
associated
bolt)
M12 13 13,27 23,48 24 2,7 3,3 1,6 1,9 0,50 1,0
M16 17 17,27 29,48 30 3,7 4,3 1,6 1,9 0,75 1,50
M20 21 21,33 36,38 37 3,7 4,3 2,0 2,5 0,75 1,50
M22 23 23,33 38,38 39 3,7 4,3 2,0 2,5 0,75 1,50
M24 25 25,33 43,38 44 3,7 4,3 2,0 2,5 0,75 1,50
M27 28 28,52 49 50 4,4 5,6 2,5 3,0 1,0 2,0
M30 31 31,62 54,80 56 4,4 5,6 2,5 3,0 1,0 2,0
M36 37 37,62 64,80 66 5,4 6,6 2,5 3,0 1,25 2,50
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EN 14399-9:20092018 (E)
washers (HB)
The specifications and reference standards are givenspecified in Table 8.
Table 8 — Specifications and reference standards for nut face washers (HN) and bolt face
washers (HB)
Material Steel
Heat treatment hardened and tempered
Rockwell hardness 38 HRC to 45 HRC
European Standard EN ISO 6508-1
Hardness alternatives a
Vickers hardness 372 HV30 to 448 HV30
Product grade Cb
Tolerances
Standard EN ISO 4759-3
NormalUncoated as processed d
Surface finishFinish — Sherardized EN 13811EN ISO 17668

Coating c Others to be agreed e
EN 14399–3, EN 14399–4, EN 14399–7 or
Associated bolts and nuts EN 14399–8
For acceptance procedure, see EN
Acceptability ISO 3269:2000.
a In case of dispute, the Vickers hardness test shall be the referee test method.
b Except as otherwise specified in Tables 6 and 7.
c These washers shall not be electroplated or subjected to any process that could result in hydrogen
embrittlement.
d “As processed” means the normal finish resulting from manufacture with a light oil coating.
e Other coatings may be negotiated between the purchaser and the manufacturer providing they do not
permitted.
4.3 Marking
4.3.1 Nut face washers (HN)
Nut face washers (HN) shall be marked with the identification mark of the manufacturer of the bolting
assembly and the letters HN. The marking shall be indented into one face.
4.3.2 Bolt face washers (HB)
Bolt face washers (HB) shall be marked with the identification mark of the manufacturer of the bolting
assembly and the letters HB. The marking shall be indented into one face.
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EN 14399-9:20092018 (E)
4.4 Designation of nut face washers (HN) and bolt face washers (HB)
4.4.1 Nut face washers
Example 1: A nut face washer, nominal size d = 20 mm (HN) for high-strength structural bolting
assemblies, of nominal size d = 20 mm, sherardized, is designated as follows:
Washer HN, M20, EN 14399–9 — M20 sherardized to EN 13811ISO 17668, class 30
4.4.2 Bolt face washers
Example 2: A bolt face washer, nominal size d = 20 mm (HB) for high-strength structural bolting,
sherardized assemblies, of nominal size d = 20 mm, as processed, is designated as follows:
Washer HB, M20, EN 14399–9, sherardized to EN 13811 class 30 — M20
5 Functional characteristics
5.1 AssembliesBolting assemblies
Bolt and nutBolting assemblies according to this document consist of bolts and nuts which shall meet all
the requirements of EN 14399-3, EN 14399-4, EN 14399-7 or EN 14399-8.
The functional characteristics of the bolt/nut/washer(s) assemblybolting assemblies shall be achieved
when tested together with direct tension indicators; the assembly may include washers according to EN
14399-6 or EN 14399-5 (under the nut only) and/or nut face washers (HN) or bolt face washers (HB) in
accordance with Clause 4.
The assembly configurations which can be used with direct tension indicators shall be according to
Figures 7 and 8.
NOTE WithUsed with bolting assemblies in accordance with EN 14399-7, the direct tension indicator can only be
fitted under the nut of the assembly.
Key Key
1 direct tension indicator 1 direct tension indicator
2 bolt face washer (HB) (not required for 2 nut face washer (HN)
property class 8.8) 3 gap
3 gap 4 Washer according towasher in accordance
4 Washer according towasher in accordance with EN 14399-6 (not required for property
with EN 14399-5 or EN 14399-6 class 8.8)
5 turned component 5 turned component
Figure 7 — Tightening of the assembly by rotation ofturning the nut
19
BS EN 14399-9:20092018
EN 14399-9:20092018 (E)
Key Key
2 nut face washer (HN) 2 bolt face washer (HB)
3 gap 3 gap
4 Washer according towasher in accordance with 4 Washer according towasher in accordance with EN
EN 14399-6 14399-5 or EN 14399-6 (not required for property
class 8.8)
Figure 8 — Tightening of the assembly by turning the assembly by rotation of the bolt headbolt
5.2 Functional characteristics of direct tension indicators in the assembly
A specified feeler gauge, see as specified in Table 9 shall be used to determine that the required
boltminimum preload has been achieved by, when the bolting assembly is tightened to the specified gap.
Table 9 — Thickness of the feeler gauge
Designation H8 and H10
Direct tension indicator positions
Thickness of feeler gauge for
H8 and H10
Under bolt head, when nut is rotatedturned
(Figure 7a) 0,40
Under nut, when bolt is rotatedturned (Figure 8a)
Under nut, when nut is rotatedturned (Figure 7b)
0,25
Under bolt head, when bolt is rotatedturned
(Figure 8b)
NOTE Tests have shown the need for a smaller gap when the direct tension indicator is used under the rotated
component. Direct tension indicators fitted as specified will result in the same loads being attained when the bolts are
tightened to the specified gapsturned component.
The average specified indicator gap shall be determined using the following measurement procedure; the
feeler gauge shall be used as a “no go” inspection tool. The feeler gauge shall be pointed at the centre of the
bolt (see Figure 9) and shall refuse to enter the number of refusal spacesfeeler gauge refusals specified in
Table 10.
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EN 14399-9:20092018 (E)
Table 10 — Feeler gauge requirements
Number of indicator Minimum number of

protrusions feeler gauge
refusals
4 3
5 3
6 4
7 4
8 5
9 5
Figure 9 — Checking the indicator gap (example with six protrusions)
5.3 Functional characteristics of the bolt/nut/washer(s)/bolting assemblies with direct

tension indicator assembly
5.3.1 General
The functional characteristics of the bolting assembly (comprising of a bolt, a nut/washer(s), a direct
tension indicator assemblyand applicable washers, as required) shall be achieved when tested in
accordance with the following.
The principle of the test is to tighten the bolt/nut/washer(s)/direct tension indicatorbolting assembly
and to measure, during tightening, the following parameters:
— the relative rotation between the nut and the bolt;
— the bolt force.
This test procedure is based on the requirements according to EN 14399-2 and incorporates
requirements applicable to assemblies which include direct tension indicators; where necessary special
testing conditions and procedures according to EN 14399-2:2015, Annex A may be applied.
5.3.2 Suitability test procedures
5.3.2.1 Suitability test For preloading with direct tension indicator in ana bolting
assembly
Direct tension indicators conforming to EN 1433914399-9 are suitable according to EN 14399-2

provided they are used in an assembly that includes fastenersbolting assemblies, comprised of matched
components in accordance with Table 1 and with EN 14399-3, EN 14399−4, EN 14399−7 or EN 14399−8,
that have been tested in accordance with EN 14399-2 to determine the relative rotation between the bolt
and nut. The k-class values shall not be determined for K1 or K2 and shall be declared K0.
21
BS EN 14399-9:20092018
EN 14399-9:20092018 (E)
Initial type tests shall be carried out separately for the direct tension indicator under the bolt head and
under the nut. The initial type test shall be used to demonstrate that Δθ2 measured with assemblies
incorporating a direct tension indicator exceeds Δθ2, min, by at least 10 %.
The k-class shall be declared as K0.
Type tests shall be carried out separately for the direct tension indicator under the bolt head and under
the nut. The type test shall be used to demonstrate that Δθ2 measured with assemblies incorporating a
direct tension indicator exceeds the appropriate Δθ2, min, by at least 10 %.
5.3.2.2 Suitability test for establishing bolt force
5.3.2.2 For verifying of the number of feeler gauge refusals
The test shall be carried out in a calibrated load cell with the requirements generally as specified in EN
14399-2, except that the use of hydraulic measuring devices is permitted. If shims are required to adjust
the length between bolt head and nut, these shall be used as specified in EN 14399-2. During the bolt
force test the stiffness of the test equipment on which the assembly is mounted is not critical.
NOTE Hydraulic measuring devices should meet this requirement.
The assembly shall be assembled in accordance with Figure 7a, horizontally; the bolt force (Fbi) shall be
determined in accordance with 5.2 and not be less than the minimum bolt force specified in Table 4.
The components shall be assembled in accordance with Figure 7a, horizontally. The test shall be conducted by
turning of the nut.
Step 1: The assembly shall be tightened to the required minimum compression load specified in Table 4; the gap
shall be determined using a feeler gauge as specified in Table 9, the number of feeler gauge refusals shall be less
than the minimum number of feeler gauge refusals as specified in Table 10.
Step 2: The assembly shall be further tightened to the required maximum compression load specified in Table 4;
the gap shall be determined using a feeler gauge as specified in Table 9, the number of feeler gauge refusals shall be
equal to or more than the minimum number of feeler gauge refusals as specified in Table 10.
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EN 14399-9:20092018 (E)
Annex A
(informative)
Special testing conditions and procedures
By agreement between the supplier and the purchaser, the following special conditions may be applied.
However, the test results obtained are not comparable with those for the standard test conditions:
a) Long bolts:
For the evaluation of bolts of a length > 10 d special evaluation criteria for rotation or deformation
should be agreed.
b) Short bolts:
When the bolts are too short to meet the testing conditions defined in EN 14399-2:2005, Clause 8,
one of the following possibilities may be considered:
1) The bolts may be tested provided that one thread pitch exists after tightening between the end
of the bolt and the unloaded face of the nut,
2) Longer bolts from an otherwise similar lot may be tested using the standard test conditions;
the difference in length should be as small as practicable.
c) Lubrication:
The as-delivered lubrication may be altered.
d) Tightening:
1) The speed of rotation may be altered;
2) Tightening by rotation of the head of the bolt may be carried out;
3) Discontinuous tightening may be carried out.
23
BS EN 14399-9:20092018
EN 14399-9:20092018 (E)
Use of structural bolting assemblies for preloading with direct tension

indicators
A.1 General
This annex gives recommendations for the installation and inspection of structural bolting assemblies for
preloading using direct tension indicators. The use of bolting assemblies fitted with direct tension
indicators and the tightening procedure should be in accordance with EN 1090-2.
A.2 Bolting assembly configurations
A.2.1 Tightening by turning the nut
Direct tension indicators are generally fitted under the bolt head and the bolting assembly is generally
tightened by turning of the nut, as shown in Figure A.1 a). Limited access to the bolt head for the
purposes of inspecting the direct tension indicator gap may require the direct tension indicator to be
fitted under the nut. If used in this manner the appropriate nut face washer (HN) is fitted between the
direct tension indicator protrusions and the nut (Figure A.1 b)).
24
BS EN 14399-9:20092018
EN 14399-9:20092018 (E)
Key
2 bolt face washer (HB) (not required for 2 nut face washer (HN)
property class 8.8) 3 gap
3 gap 4 washer in accordance with EN 14399–6 (not
4 washer in accordance with EN 14399–5 or EN required for property class 8.8)
14399−6 5 turned component
5 turned component
Figure A.1 — Tightening of the assembly by turning the nut (usual method of assembly)
A.2.2 Tightening by turning the bolt
Conditions of limited access may require the bolting assembly to be tightened by turning the bolt head. In
this case a nut face washer (HN) is fitted between the direct tension indicator protrusions and the
bearing surface of the nut as shown in Figure A.2 a).
25
BS EN 14399-9:20092018
EN 14399-9:20092018 (E)
If there is limited space for positioning of the bolting assembly, combined with limited access for
inspection of the direct tension indicator gap, it may be necessary to fit the direct tension indicator under
the bolt head and to tighten the bolting assembly by turning the bolt head. In this case a bolt face washer
(HB) is fitted between the direct tension indicator protrusions and the bearing surface of the bolt head
(see Figure A.2 b)).
Key
3 gap 3 gap
4 washer in accordance with EN 14399–6 4 washer in accordance with EN 14399–5 or
EN 14399−6 (not required for property class 8.8)
Figure A.2 — Tightening of the assembly by turning the bolt (alternative method of assembly)
A.3 Checking
A feeler gauge as specified in Table A.1 should be used to determine whether the direct tension indicator
has compressed in accordance with the requirements of this standard.
Table A.1 — Thickness of the feeler gauge
Thickness of feeler gauge

Direct tension indicator positions for H8 and H10
Under bolt head, when nut is turned (Figure A.1 a)
0,40
Under nut, when bolt is turned (Figure A.2 a)
Under nut, when nut is turned (Figure A.1 b)
0,25
Under bolt head, when bolt is turned (Figure A.2 b)
26
BS EN 14399-9:20092018
EN 14399-9:20092018 (E)
Key
1 “No go” gap if refusal occurs
2 “Go” gap if refusal does not occur
Figure A.3 — Checking the indicator gap (example with six protrusions)
The direct tension indicator has been compressed sufficiently when the number of feeler gauge refusals
meets the requirement given in Table A.2.
27
BS EN 14399-9:20092018
EN 14399-9:20092018 (E)
Table A.2 — Feeler gauge requirements
Number of feeler gauge refusals

Number of indicator protrusions
min. max.
4 3 4
5 3 5
6 4 6
7 4 7
8 5 8
9 5 9
28
BS EN 14399-9:20092018
EN 14399-9:20092018 (E)
Bibliography
[1] EN 1090-2, Execution of steel structures and aluminium structures — Part 2: Technical
requirements for steel structures
[2] EN 1993-1-1:2005EN 1993-1-8, Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures – Part 1-1: General rules
and rules for buildings
[3] EN 1993-1-8:2005, Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures — Part 1-8: Design of joints
[4] EN 10204, Metallic products – Types of inspection documents
[5] ISO 2859-1, Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes – Part 1: Sampling schemes indexed
by acceptance quality limit (AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection
[3] EN 14399-10, High-strength structural bolting assemblies for preloading — Part 10: System HRC
— Bolt and nut assemblies with calibrated preload
29
BS EN 14399-9:2018
BSI Standards Publication
High-strength structural bolting

assemblies for preloading
Part 9: System HR or HV - Direct tension indicators for bolt and nut assemblies
BS EN 14399-9:2018 BRITISH STANDARD
National foreword
This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 14399-9:2018. It
supersedes BS EN 14399-9:2009, which is withdrawn.
The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical
Committee FME/9/-/2, Fasteners for structural bolting.
A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on
request to its secretary.
This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions
of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.
© The British Standards Institution 2018
Published by BSI Standards Limited 2018
ISBN 978 0 580 92176 6
ICS 21.060.01
Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from
legal obligations.
This British Standard was published under the authority of the
Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 May 2018.

Date Text affected
BS EN 14399-9:2018
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 14399-9

NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM May 2018
ICS 21.060.01 Supersedes EN 14399-9:2009
English Version
High-strength structural bolting assemblies for preloading

- Part 9: System HR or HV - Direct tension indicators for
Boulonnerie de construction métallique à haute Hochfeste vorspannbare Garnituren für
résistance apte à la précontrainte - Partie 9 : Système Schraubverbindungen im Metallbau - Teil 9: System HR
HR ou HV - Boulons avec rondelles indicatrices de oder HV - Direkte Kraftanzeiger für Garnituren aus
précontrainte Schrauben und Muttern
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 22 October 2017.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION

COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2018 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 14399-9:2018 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
BS EN 14399-9:2018
EN 14399-9:2018 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword....................................................................................................................................................... 3
Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................... 5
1 Scope .................................................................................................................................................................... 7
2 Normative references .................................................................................................................................... 7
3 Direct tension indicators .............................................................................................................................. 8
3.1 General ................................................................................................................................................................ 8
3.2 Dimensions ........................................................................................................................................................ 8
3.3 Specifications and reference standards for direct tension indicators...................................... 10
3.4 Functional test of direct tension indicators ....................................................................................... 11
indicators ........................................................................................................................................................ 12
3.5.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 12
3.5.2 Testing apparatus ........................................................................................................................................ 12
3.5.3 Support blocks .............................................................................................................................................. 13
3.5.4 Bearing blocks ............................................................................................................................................... 14
3.5.5 Calibration ...................................................................................................................................................... 14
3.5.6 Test procedure .............................................................................................................................................. 14
3.6 Marking of the direct tension indicator ............................................................................................... 17
3.7 Designation of the direct tension indicator ........................................................................................ 17
4 Nut face washers (HN) and bolt face washers (HB) ......................................................................... 17
4.1 Dimensions ..................................................................................................................................................... 17
washers (HB) ................................................................................................................................................. 19
4.3 Marking ............................................................................................................................................................ 20
4.3.1 Nut face washers (HN) ................................................................................................................................ 20
4.3.2 Bolt face washers (HB) ............................................................................................................................... 20
4.4 Designation of nut face washers (HN) and bolt face washers (HB)............................................ 21
5 Functional characteristics ........................................................................................................................ 21
5.1 Bolting assemblies ....................................................................................................................................... 21
5.2 Functional characteristics of direct tension indicators in the assembly ................................. 22
5.3 Functional characteristics of bolting assemblies with direct tension indicator ................... 23
5.3.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 23
5.3.2 Suitability test procedures ....................................................................................................................... 23
Annex A (informative) Use of structural bolting assemblies for preloading with direct
tension indicators ........................................................................................................................................ 25
A.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 25
A.2 Bolting assembly configurations ............................................................................................................ 25
A.3 Checking .......................................................................................................................................................... 26
Bibliography ................................................................................................................................................................. 29
2
BS EN 14399-9:2018
EN 14399-9:2018 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN 14399-9:2018) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 185
“Fasteners”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2018 and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2018.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
This document supersedes EN 14399-9:2009.
In comparison with EN 14399-9:2009, the following modifications have been made:
— Table 1 containing the overview of the composition of bolting assemblies and component marking
has been revised;
— the test method for measuring compression loads on direct tension indicators has been revised;
— the suitability test for bolting assemblies including direct tension indicators has been revised;
— Informative Annex A has been deleted;
— Informative Annex on the use of direct tension indicators has been added.
EN 14399 consists of the following parts, under the general title High-strength structural bolting
assemblies for preloading:
— Part 1: General requirements
— Part 2: Suitability for preloading
— Part 3: System HR — Hexagon bolt and nut assemblies
— Part 4: System HV — Hexagon bolt and nut assemblies
— Part 5: Plain washers
— Part 6: Plain chamfered washers
— Part 7: System HR — Countersunk head bolt and nut assemblies
— Part 8: System HV — Hexagon fit bolt and nut assemblies
— Part 9: System HR or HV — Direct tension indicators for bolt and nut assemblies
— Part 10: System HRC — Bolt and nut assemblies with calibrated preload
3
BS EN 14399-9:2018
EN 14399-9:2018 (E)
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
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EN 14399-9:2018 (E)
Introduction
This document is part of the EN 14399 series which specify high-strength structural bolting for
preloading; this part belongs to both types, HR and HV. Direct tension indicators (known formerly as
load indicating washers) used in conjunction with nut face washers (HN) and bolt face washers (HB)
are load indicating devices which are placed under the bolt head or under the nut. The direct tension
indicators have protrusions on one face which compress under load and thus may be used to indicate
that at least the required preload has been achieved in the bolting assembly.
Direct tension indicators are only to be sold as components of structural bolting assemblies comprised
of bolts, nuts and associated washers that otherwise complies with EN 14399-3, EN 14399−4,
EN 14399−7 or EN 14399−8. The composition of bolt/nut/washer/direct tension indicator assemblies
is shown in Table 1.
Preloaded bolted assemblies are very sensitive to differences in manufacture and lubrication. Therefore
it is important that the bolting assemblies are supplied by one manufacturer, who is always responsible
for the functionality of the bolting assemblies as supplied.
For the same reason it is important that the coating of the bolting assemblies is under the control of one
manufacturer.
Beside the mechanical properties of the components, the functionality of the bolting assemblies
requires that the specified preload can be achieved when the gap remaining after tightening
(compressed protrusions) is less than the specified values in this standard, if the assembly is tightened
with a suitable procedure. For this purpose the test method given in this standard was developed,
which demonstrates whether the functionality of the bolting assemblies is fulfilled.
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EN 14399-9:2018 (E)
Table 1 — Composition of high-strength structural bolting assemblies and component marking
Type of bolting assembly System HR System HV System HRC

General requirements
BS EN 14399-9:2018
Suitability for preloading

EN 14399-1
Bolt and nut

EN 14399-2 and, if any, additional testing specified in the product standard
EN 14399-3 EN 14399-7 EN 14399-4 EN 14399-8 EN 14399-10
Bolt HR8.8 HR10.9 HR8.8 HR10.9 HV10.9 HVP10.9 HRC10.9
Marking
HR8 HR8
Nut or HR10 or HR10 HV10 HV10 HR10 HRD10
HR10 HR10
Washer(s)
EN 14399-5 a
EN 14399-5 a or EN 14399-6 EN 14399-6
or EN 14399-6
H or HR b
Marking H or HR b H or HV b H or HR b
Direct tension indicator and

or HD c
nut face washer or bolt face

washer, if any
EN 14399-9
Direct tension indicator H8 H10 H8 H10 H10 Not applicable
Marking
Nut face washer HN HN
bolt face washer HB Not applicable HB

a EN 14399–5 can only be used under the nut.
b At the choice of the manufacturer.
c Mandatory mark for washers with enlarged outer diameter according to EN 14399–5 only.
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EN 14399-9:2018 (E)
1 Scope
This document specifies, together with EN 14399-1 and EN 14399-2, the requirements for direct
tension indicators, nut face washers (HN) and bolt face washers (HB) as part of high-strength structural
bolting assemblies suitable for preloaded joints.
These direct tension indicators are specified as part of high-strength structural bolting assemblies of
system HR or HV in accordance with EN 14399-3, EN 14399-4, EN 14399-7 or EN 14399-8, with
nominal thread sizes M12 up to and including M36 and property classes 8.8/8 or 8.8/10 and 10.9/10.
It specifies two property designations H8 and H10 for direct tension indicators, together with general
dimensions, tolerances, materials and functional property/ies.
Bolting assemblies in accordance with this document have been designed to allow preloading of at least
0,7 fub × As 1) according to EN 1993-1-8 (Eurocode 3) and to obtain ductility predominantly by plastic
elongation of the bolt for system HR in accordance with EN 14399-3 or EN 14399-7, or by plastic
deformation of the engaged threads for system HV in accordance with EN 14399-4 or EN 14399-8.
Bolting assemblies conforming to this document may include washer(s) according to EN 14399-6 or to
EN 14399-5 (under the nut only).
NOTE 1 Attention is drawn to the importance of ensuring that the bolting assemblies are correctly used if
satisfactory results are to be obtained. For recommendations concerning proper application, reference to
EN 1090–2 is made.
General requirements and requirements for suitability for preloading are specified in EN 14399-2
together with Clause 5 of this document.
NOTE 2 Direct tension indicators are also known as load indicating washers.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN ISO 17668, Zinc diffusion coatings on ferrous products — Sherardizing — Specification (ISO 17668)
EN 14399-1, High-strength structural bolting assemblies for preloading — Part 1: General requirements
EN 14399-2, High-strength structural bolting assemblies for preloading — Part 2: Suitability for
preloading
EN 14399-3, High-strength structural bolting assemblies for preloading — Part 3: System HR — Hexagon
EN 14399-4, High-strength structural bolting assemblies for preloading — Part 4: System HV — Hexagon
EN 14399-5, High-strength structural bolting assemblies for preloading — Part 5: Plain washers
EN 14399-6, High-strength structural bolting assemblies for preloading — Part 6: Plain chamfered
washers
1) fub is the nominal tensile strength (Rm) and As is the nominal stress area of the bolt.
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EN 14399-9:2018 (E)
EN 14399-7, High-strength structural bolting assemblies for preloading — Part 7: System HR -

Countersunk head bolt and nut assemblies
EN 14399-8, High-strength structural bolting assemblies for preloading — Part 8: System HV - Hexagon fit
EN ISO 3269:2000, Fasteners — Acceptance inspection (ISO 3269:2000)
EN ISO 4759-3, Tolerances for fasteners — Part 3: Washers for bolts, screws and nuts — Product grades A,
C and F (ISO 4759-3)
EN ISO 6507-1, Metallic materials — Vickers hardness test — Part 1: Test method (ISO 6507-1)
EN ISO 6508-1, Metallic materials — Rockwell hardness test — Part 1: Test method (ISO 6508-1)
EN ISO 7500-1, Metallic materials — Calibration and verification of static uniaxial testing machines —
Part 1: Tension/compression testing machines — Calibration and verification of the force-measuring
system (ISO 7500-1)
3 Direct tension indicators

3.1 General
The purpose of direct tension indicators is to show that a defined preload is achieved in the bolting
assemblies. The direct tension indicator shall be used as specified in 5.1, with or without nut face
washers (HN), and with or without bolt face washers (HB). The direct tension indicators shall be
qualified as components of bolting assemblies, in accordance with EN 14399-1.
To comply with EN 14399-2 the bolting assemblies shall be supplied by one manufacturer, and shall
include bolts, nuts, washers and direct tension indicators. Bolting assemblies may also include nut face
washers (HN) and/or bolt face washers (HB), if required.
3.2 Dimensions
Before installation, the dimensions and tolerances of direct tension indicators shall be as specified in
Table 2 and Figure 1. The size and number of protrusions on the direct tension indicator shall be
sufficient to meet the requirements of 3.4 and their number shall be not less than four. The protrusions
on the direct tension indicator shall be spaced at equal angular intervals. The shape of the protrusions is
at the choice of the manufacturer.
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EN 14399-9:2018 (E)
Key
d3 protrusion tangential external diameter
d4 protrusion tangential internal diameter
h1 material thickness (excluding protrusions)
h2 height over protrusions (including protrusions)
h3 height of protrusions
Figure 1 — Dimensions of direct tension indicator (example with six protrusions)
Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of the protrusions (other forms including curved may be
used).
For coated direct tension indicators, the dimensions apply prior to coating.
Direct tension indicators may have indentations or other features on the outside diameter that
correspond to and are aligned with feeler gauge entry spaces to indicate where feeler gauges shall be
inserted.
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Table 2 — Dimensions of direct tension indicators

Nominal Material Height over Height Protrusion Protrusion

size Internal External thickness protrusions tangential tangential
diameter diameter (excluding (including of external internal
d
protrusions) protrusions) protrusions diameter diameter
(nominal
thread d1 d2 h1 h2 h3 d3 d4
diameter
of min. max. min. max. min. max. min. max. min.
associated
bolt)
M12 12,75 12,85 26,0 32,5 2,5 5,5 0,8 20,0 13,85
M16 16,75 16,85 35,0 36,8 3,0 6,0 0,8 25,0 17,85
M20 20,95 21,05 41,0 46,0 3,5 6,5 0,8 29,0 22,05
M22 23,05 23,15 46,5 50,6 4,0 7,0 0,8 33,0 24,15
M24 25,15 25,25 50,0 55,2 4,0 7,0 0,8 38,0 26,25
M27 28,30 28,40 54,0 62,1 4,0 7,0 0,8 43,0 29,40
M30 31,45 31,55 59,0 69,0 4,0 7,0 0,8 46,5 32,55
M36 37,75 37,85 78,0 83,0 4,0 7,5 0,8 56,0 38,85
3.3 Specifications and reference standards for direct tension indicators
The specifications and reference standards are given in Table 3.
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EN 14399-9:2018 (E)
Table 3 — Specifications and reference standards for direct tension indicators
Material Steel
hardened and tempered or controlled rolled and
Heat treatment
tempered
Maximum hardness 380 HV
Uncoated as processed c
Finish — Coating a Sherardized b EN ISO 17668
Others to be agreed d
EN 14399–3, EN 14399–4, EN 14399–7 or
Associated bolts and nuts
EN 14399–8
For acceptance procedure, see EN ISO 3269:2000
Acceptability e.
a The direct tension indicators shall not be electroplated or subjected to any process that could result in
hydrogen embrittlement.
b Sherardizing is considered to provide corrosion protection equivalent to hot dip galvanizing.
c “As processed” means the normal finish resulting from manufacture with a light oil coating.
d Other coatings may be negotiated between the purchaser and the manufacturer providing they do not
permitted.
e For acceptance criteria use 0,65 AQL, Ac = 0; see EN ISO 3269:2000, Table 5 and Table 6.
3.4 Functional test of direct tension indicators
The direct tension indicators shall be tested on a calibrated load-measuring device; see 3.5 for the test
procedure. The load requirement of Table 4 shall be met when the direct tension indicators are
compressed to the gap of 0,40 mm.
Samples of direct tension indicators shall be tested by the manufacturer after the final production
process including the surface finish, if any. The minimum number of direct tension indicators tested per
manufacturing lot shall be eight and all samples shall pass the test.
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EN 14399-9:2018 (E)
Table 4 — Test compression loads at 0,40 mm gap

Load in kN
Nominal size Compression load

d Designation H8 Designation H10
(nominal thread
diameter of min. max. min. max.
associated bolt)
M12 47 56 59 71
M16 88 106 110 132
M20 137 164 172 206
M22 170 204 212 254
M24 198 238 247 296
M27 257 308 321 385
M30 314 377 393 472
M36 458 550 572 688
NOTE These minimum values are equal to 0,7 fub × As in
accordance with EN 1993–1–8.
indicators
3.5.1 General
This test method is for the measurement of applied compressive loads at a defined deformation state of
direct tension indicators. The method involves an initial operation (step 1) to zero the direct reading
gauge depending on the actual material thickness h1, which is followed by compressing the protrusions
of the direct tension indicator (step 2) to the specified gap and measuring the resulting compression
load.
3.5.2 Testing apparatus
Testing apparatus shall include a compression loading system allowing direct tension indicators to be
measured using a direct reading gauge. It comprises a top bearing block (key 3 in Figure 4), a bottom
bearing block (key 9 in Figure 4), and a support block for each nominal size of direct tension indicators
(key 6 in Figure 4).
The compression loading system shall transmit a compressive load axially from the testing apparatus to
the direct tension indicator.
The force-measuring system of the testing apparatus shall be calibrated in accordance with
EN ISO 7500-1, class 1 or better.
The gap shall be measured with a direct reading gauge with an accuracy of at least 0,0125 mm.
NOTE Because of acceptable variations in bolt dimensions and coating characteristics, bolts cannot be used as
a means of gauging the direct tension indicator measured minimum and maximum functional properties.
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3.5.3 Support blocks
Support blocks (key 6 in Figure 4) shall be grooved on one side so that the direct reading gauge can be
zeroed without compressing the direct tension indicator protrusions (see Figure 2). Thus, the exact
material thickness h1 of the direct tension indicator being tested is taken into account, and the flat
surface of the side of the direct tension indicator having protrusions is made to relate exactly to the zero
point of the gauge that shall be located at the centre of the direct tension indicator support block.
Support blocks shall have a minimum Rockwell hardness of 50 HRC.
Support blocks shall conform to the dimensions shown in Figure 3 and Table 5, and shall have a
minimum diameter of 75 mm, which shall be larger than the outside diameter of the direct tension
indicator.
The surfaces of support blocks shall be parallel to within 0,005 mm across the diameter of the support
block.
Key
1 side A
2 side B
Figure 2 — Support block
Key
1 side A
2 side B
Figure 3 — Support block dimensions
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EN 14399-9:2018 (E)
Table 5 — Support block dimensions

Nominal size Ca E F
d
(nominal
thread
diameter of
associated
bolt) min. max. min. min. max.
M12 10,5 11 3 23 23,5
M16 15 15,5 3 30 30,5
M20 19 19,5 3 34 34,5
M22 21 21,5 3 38 38,5
M24 23 23,5 3 43 43,5
M27 26 26,5 3 49 49,5
M30 29 29,5 3 53,5 54
M36 35 35,5 3,5 63 63,5
a Height of the cylindrical boss = 2,16 mm ± 0,0125 mm with no
more than 0,005 mm difference in height between side “A” and “B”.
3.5.4 Bearing blocks
The top bearing block (key 3 in Figure 4) shall have a minimum diameter of 75 mm and shall be larger
than the outside diameter of the direct tension indicator.
The bottom bearing block (key 9 in Figure 4) shall be larger than the outside diameter of the
corresponding support block, and shall be able to accept the cylindrical boss of the support block (see
dimension c of Figure 3).
The top and bottom bearing block surfaces shall be parallel to within 0,012 5 mm across the width of
the support block.
Top and bottom bearing blocks shall have a minimum Rockwell hardness of 50 HRC.
3.5.5 Calibration
The force-measuring system and the direct reading gauge of the testing apparatus shall be calibrated at
least once per year.
The calibration certificates shall be retained.
3.5.6 Test procedure
3.5.6.1 General
The test shall be carried out at an ambient temperature range of 10 °C to 35 °C.

The support block shall be selected corresponding to the nominal size of direct tension indicator to be
tested.
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EN 14399-9:2018 (E)
3.5.6.2 Zero direct reading gauge

The direct tension indicator shall be placed against Side A (see Figure 2) of the support block, with
protrusions facing down, into the grooves of the support block.
The support block and direct tension indicator shall be placed into the test apparatus with Side B of the
support block seated in the bottom bearing block (key 9 of Figure 4) of the test apparatus.
A compression load equal to the minimum required load for the nominal size and property designation
(H8 or H10) of the direct tension indicator being tested (see Table 4) shall be applied and, while this
load is applied, the direct reading gauge shall be set at zero.
The load shall be released and the support block and direct tension indicator shall be removed from the
test apparatus.
The support block shall be inverted so that Side A with the groove is facing down.
3.5.6.3 Measure compression load

The flat surface of the same direct tension indicator shall be placed against Side B of the support block
with protrusions facing up.
The support block and direct tension indicator shall be placed into the test apparatus with Side A of the
support block seated in the bottom bearing block (key 9 in Figure 4) of the test apparatus.
During step 2, the compression load shall be applied until the gauge reading is equal to 0,40 mm. The
rate of loading shall be of such that the direct tension indicator is compressed within 30 s from the start
of the loading until the gauge reading of 0,40 mm is achieved.
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3.5.6.4 Read and record
The compression load corresponding to the gauge reading of 0,40 mm shall be read and the results shall
be recorded.
a) Step 1: Zero direct reading gauge

Before compression After compression
b) Step 2: Turn direct tension indicator over, compress to specified gauge reading, and read
compression load
Key
1 direct reading gauge
2 machine frame
3 top bearing block
4 direct tension indicator protrusions facing down
5 direct tension indicator protrusions facing up
6 support block
7 side A
8 side B
9 bottom bearing block
Figure 4 — Steps for determining compression load
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EN 14399-9:2018 (E)
3.6 Marking of the direct tension indicator
Direct tension indicators shall be marked with the identification mark of the manufacturer of the
bolting assembly, and H8 or H10 as appropriate.
The marking shall be indented into the direct tension indicator face from which the protrusions project.
It is recommended to stamp lot number on the face of the direct tension indicator.
3.7 Designation of the direct tension indicator
When designating for the purpose of an enquiry or order, the following information shall be given:
a) general product description for direct tension indicators, DTI;
b) the associated nominal bolt diameter (M12, etc.);
c) DTI property designation “H8” or “H10” as appropriate;
d) the number of this European Standard, EN 14399-9;
e) the coating, if any, and the relevant European Standard.
EXAMPLE DTI EN 14399–9 — M12 – sherardized EN ISO 17668, class 30
4 Nut face washers (HN) and bolt face washers (HB)

4.1 Dimensions
The dimensions and tolerances of nut face washers (HN) and bolt face washers (HB) shall be as
specified in Table 6 and Table 7 and Figure 5 and Figure 6.
Key
h thickness
Figure 5 — Dimensions of nut face washers (HN)
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EN 14399-9:2018 (E)
Table 6 — Dimensions of nut face washers (HN)

Nominal size Internal External Thickness

d diameter diameter
(nominal thread d1 d2 h
diameter of
associated bolt) min. max. min. max. min. max.
M12 12,1 12,35 22,7 24 2,7 4,3
M16 16,1 16,35 27,7 29 3,7 4,3
M20 20,1 20,40 34,4 36 3,7 4,3
M22 22,3 22,60 37,4 39 3,7 4,3
M24 24,2 24,50 41,4 43 3,7 4,3
M27 27,2 27,55 46,4 48 4,4 5,6
M30 30,2 30,55 50,1 52 4,4 5,6
M36 36,2 36,55 60,1 62 5,4 6,6
NOTE The washers are intended to fit over the threaded portion of the shank only.
In some cases the washer internal diameter, d1, is less than the bolt shank maximum
diameter specified in EN 14399–3 and EN 14399–4.
Key
h thickness
c inside chamfer
e outside chamfer
Figure 6 — Dimensions of bolt face washers (HB)
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EN 14399-9:2018 (E)
Table 7 — Dimensions of bolt face washers (HB)

Nominal size Internal External Thickness Inside Outside

d diameter diameter chamfer chamfer
(nominal thread d1 d2 h c e
diameter of
associated bolt) min. max. min. max. min. max. min. max. min. max.
M12 13 13,27 23,48 24 2,7 3,3 1,6 1,9 0,50 1,0

M16 17 17,27 29,48 30 3,7 4,3 1,6 1,9 0,75 1,50
M20 21 21,33 36,38 37 3,7 4,3 2,0 2,5 0,75 1,50
M22 23 23,33 38,38 39 3,7 4,3 2,0 2,5 0,75 1,50
M24 25 25,33 43,38 44 3,7 4,3 2,0 2,5 0,75 1,50
M27 28 28,52 49 50 4,4 5,6 2,5 3,0 1,0 2,0
M30 31 31,62 54,80 56 4,4 5,6 2,5 3,0 1,0 2,0
M36 37 37,62 64,80 66 5,4 6,6 2,5 3,0 1,25 2,50
washers (HB)
The specifications and reference standards specified in Table 8.
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EN 14399-9:2018 (E)
Table 8 — Specifications and reference standards for nut face washers (HN) and bolt face
washers (HB)
Material Steel
Heat treatment hardened and tempered
Rockwell hardness 38 HRC to 45 HRC
Hardness a
Vickers hardness 372 HV30 to 448 HV30
Product grade Cb
Tolerances
Standard EN ISO 4759-3
Uncoated as processed d
Finish — Coating c Sherardized EN ISO 17668
Others to be agreed e
EN 14399–3, EN 14399–4, EN 14399–7 or
Associated bolts and nuts
EN 14399–8
For acceptance procedure, see
Acceptability
EN ISO 3269:2000.
a In case of dispute, the Vickers hardness test shall be the referee test method.
b Except as otherwise specified in Tables 6 and 7.
c These washers shall not be electroplated or subjected to any process that could result in hydrogen
embrittlement.
d “As processed” means the normal finish resulting from manufacture with a light oil coating.
e Other coatings may be negotiated between the purchaser and the manufacturer providing they do not
permitted.
4.3 Marking
4.3.1 Nut face washers (HN)
Nut face washers (HN) shall be marked with the identification mark of the manufacturer of the bolting
assembly and the letters HN. The marking shall be indented into one face.
4.3.2 Bolt face washers (HB)
Bolt face washers (HB) shall be marked with the identification mark of the manufacturer of the bolting
assembly and the letters HB. The marking shall be indented into one face.
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EN 14399-9:2018 (E)
4.4 Designation of nut face washers (HN) and bolt face washers (HB)
Example 1: A nut face washer (HN) for high-strength structural bolting assemblies, of nominal size d = 20 mm,
sherardized, is designated as follows:
Washer HN EN 14399–9 — M20 sherardized EN ISO 17668, class 30
Example 2: A bolt face washer (HB) for high-strength structural bolting assemblies, of nominal size d = 20 mm, as
processed, is designated as follows:
Washer HB EN 14399–9 — M20
5 Functional characteristics
5.1 Bolting assemblies
Bolting assemblies according to this document consist of bolts and nuts which shall meet all the
requirements of EN 14399-3, EN 14399-4, EN 14399-7 or EN 14399-8.
The functional characteristics of the bolting assemblies shall be achieved when tested together with
direct tension indicators; the assembly may include washers according to EN 14399-6 or EN 14399-5
(under the nut only) and/or nut face washers (HN) or bolt face washers (HB) in accordance with
Clause 4.
The assembly configurations which can be used with direct tension indicators shall be according to
Figures 7 and 8.
Used with bolting assemblies in accordance with EN 14399-7, the direct tension indicator can only be
fitted under the nut.
a) DTI under bolt head b) DTI under nut

Key
2 bolt face washer (HB) (not required for property 2 nut face washer (HN)
class 8.8)
3 gap 3 gap
4 washer in accordance with EN 14399-5 or 4 washer in accordance with EN 14399-6 (not
EN 14399-6 required for property class 8.8)
Figure 7 — Tightening of the assembly by turning the nut
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EN 14399-9:2018 (E)
a) DTI under nut b) DTI under bolt head

Key
3 gap 3 gap
4 washer in accordance with EN 14399-6 4 washer in accordance with EN 14399-5 or EN 14399-
6 (not required for property class 8.8)
Figure 8 — Tightening of the assembly by turning the bolt
5.2 Functional characteristics of direct tension indicators in the assembly
A feeler gauge as specified in Table 9 shall be used to determine that the minimum preload has been
achieved, when the bolting assembly is tightened to the specified gap.
Table 9 — Thickness of the feeler gauge
Thickness of feeler gauge for

H8 and H10
Under bolt head, when nut is turned (Figure 7a)
0,40
Under nut, when bolt is turned (Figure 8a)
Under nut, when nut is turned (Figure 7b)
0,25
Under bolt head, when bolt is turned (Figure 8b)
NOTE Tests have shown the need for a smaller gap when the direct tension indicator is used under the
turned component.
The specified indicator gap shall be determined using the following measurement procedure; the feeler
gauge shall be used as a “no go” inspection tool. The feeler gauge shall be pointed at the centre of the
bolt (see Figure 9) and shall refuse to enter the number of feeler gauge refusals specified in Table 10.
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EN 14399-9:2018 (E)
Table 10 — Feeler gauge requirements
Number of indicator Minimum number of feeler

protrusions gauge refusals
4 3
5 3
6 4
7 4
8 5
9 5
Figure 9 — Checking the indicator gap (example with six protrusions)
5.3 Functional characteristics of bolting assemblies with direct tension indicator

5.3.1 General
The functional characteristics of the bolting assembly (comprising of a bolt, a nut, a direct tension
indicator and applicable washers, as required) shall be achieved when tested in accordance with the
following.
The principle of the test is to tighten the bolting assembly and to measure, during tightening, the
following parameters:
— the relative rotation between the nut and the bolt;
— the bolt force.
This test procedure is based on the requirements according to EN 14399-2 and incorporates
requirements applicable to assemblies which include direct tension indicators; where necessary special
testing conditions and procedures according to EN 14399-2:2015, Annex A may be applied.
5.3.2 Suitability test procedures
5.3.2.1 For preloading with direct tension indicator in a bolting assembly
Direct tension indicators conforming to EN 14399-9 are suitable according to EN 14399-2 provided
they are used in bolting assemblies, comprised of matched components in accordance with Table 1 and
with EN 14399-3, EN 14399−4, EN 14399−7 or EN 14399−8, that have been tested in accordance with
EN 14399-2 to determine the relative rotation between the bolt and nut.
The k-class shall be declared as K0.
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EN 14399-9:2018 (E)
Type tests shall be carried out separately for the direct tension indicator under the bolt head and under
the nut. The type test shall be used to demonstrate that Δθ2 measured with assemblies incorporating a
direct tension indicator exceeds the appropriate Δθ2, min, by at least 10 %.
5.3.2.2 For verifying of the number of feeler gauge refusals
The test shall be carried out in a calibrated load cell as specified in EN 14399-2, except that the use of
hydraulic measuring devices is permitted. If shims are required to adjust the length between bolt head
and nut, these shall be used as specified in EN 14399-2. During the bolt force test the stiffness of the test
equipment on which the assembly is mounted is not critical.
The components shall be assembled in accordance with Figure 7a, horizontally. The test shall be
conducted by turning of the nut.
Step 1: The assembly shall be tightened to the required minimum compression load specified in
Table 4; the gap shall be determined using a feeler gauge as specified in Table 9, the number of feeler
gauge refusals shall be less than the minimum number of feeler gauge refusals as specified in Table 10.
Step 2: The assembly shall be further tightened to the required maximum compression load specified in
Table 4; the gap shall be determined using a feeler gauge as specified in Table 9, the number of feeler
gauge refusals shall be equal to or more than the minimum number of feeler gauge refusals as specified
in Table 10.
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EN 14399-9:2018 (E)
Annex A
(informative)
Use of structural bolting assemblies for preloading with direct tension

indicators
A.1 General
This annex gives recommendations for the installation and inspection of structural bolting assemblies
for preloading using direct tension indicators. The use of bolting assemblies fitted with direct tension
indicators and the tightening procedure should be in accordance with EN 1090-2.
A.2 Bolting assembly configurations

A.2.1 Tightening by turning the nut
Direct tension indicators are generally fitted under the bolt head and the bolting assembly is generally
tightened by turning of the nut, as shown in Figure A.1 a). Limited access to the bolt head for the
purposes of inspecting the direct tension indicator gap may require the direct tension indicator to be
fitted under the nut. If used in this manner the appropriate nut face washer (HN) is fitted between the
direct tension indicator protrusions and the nut (Figure A.1 b)).
a) DTI under bolt head, before tightening b) DTI under nut, before tightening
Key
2 bolt face washer (HB) (not required for property class 2 nut face washer (HN)
8.8)
3 gap 3 gap
4 washer in accordance with EN 14399–5 or 4 washer in accordance with EN 14399–6 (not
EN 14399−6 required for property class 8.8)
Figure A.1 — Tightening of the assembly by turning the nut (usual method of assembly)
A.2.2 Tightening by turning the bolt
Conditions of limited access may require the bolting assembly to be tightened by turning the bolt head.
In this case a nut face washer (HN) is fitted between the direct tension indicator protrusions and the
bearing surface of the nut as shown in Figure A.2 a).
25
BS EN 14399-9:2018
EN 14399-9:2018 (E)
If there is limited space for positioning of the bolting assembly, combined with limited access for
inspection of the direct tension indicator gap, it may be necessary to fit the direct tension indicator
under the bolt head and to tighten the bolting assembly by turning the bolt head. In this case a bolt face
washer (HB) is fitted between the direct tension indicator protrusions and the bearing surface of the
bolt head (see Figure A.2 b)).
a) DTI under nut, before tightening b) DTI under bolt head, before tightening
Key
3 gap 3 gap
4 washer in accordance with EN 14399–6 4 washer in accordance with EN 14399–5 or
EN 14399−6 (not required for property class
8.8)
Figure A.2 — Tightening of the assembly by turning the bolt (alternative method of assembly)
A.3 Checking
A feeler gauge as specified in Table A.1 should be used to determine whether the direct tension
indicator has compressed in accordance with the requirements of this standard.
Table A.1 — Thickness of the feeler gauge
Thickness of feeler gauge

for H8 and H10
Under bolt head, when nut is turned (Figure A.1 a)
0,40
Under nut, when bolt is turned (Figure A.2 a)
Under nut, when nut is turned (Figure A.1 b)
0,25
Under bolt head, when bolt is turned (Figure A.2 b)
26
BS EN 14399-9:2018
EN 14399-9:2018 (E)
Key
1 “No go” gap if refusal occurs
2 “Go” gap if refusal does not occur
Figure A.3 — Checking the indicator gap (example with six protrusions)
The direct tension indicator has been compressed sufficiently when the number of feeler gauge refusals
meets the requirement given in Table A.2.
27
BS EN 14399-9:2018
EN 14399-9:2018 (E)
Table A.2 — Feeler gauge requirements
Number of feeler gauge refusals

Number of indicator protrusions
min. max.
4 3 4
5 3 5
6 4 6
7 4 7
8 5 8
9 5 9
28
BS EN 14399-9:2018
EN 14399-9:2018 (E)
Bibliography
[1] EN 1090-2, Execution of steel structures and aluminium structures — Part 2: Technical
requirements for steel structures
[2] EN 1993-1-8, Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures — Part 1-8: Design of joints
[3] EN 14399-10, High-strength structural bolting assemblies for preloading — Part 10: System HRC
— Bolt and nut assemblies with calibrated preload
29
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BS EN 14399-9:2018 — Tracked Changes

High-strength structural bolting assemblies

Part 9: System HR or HV - Direct tension indicators for bolt and

IMPORTANT — PLEASE NOTE

Text example 1 — indicates added text (in green)

About Tracked Changes

The original version of BS EN 14399-9:2018, appended at the end of this

© The British Standards Institution 2019

Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication

This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 14399-9:2018. It

The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical

A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on

© BSI 2009The British Standards Institution 2018

ISBN 978 0 580 54251 0978 0 580 92176 6

Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from

Date Text affected

EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 14399-9

ICS 21.060.01 Supersedes EN 14399-9:2009

High-strength structural bolting assemblies for preloading - Part 9:

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION

European foreword ............................................................................................................................................... 3

This document supersedes EN 14399-9:2009.

In comparison with EN 14399-9:2009, the following modifications have been made:

— Informative Annex A has been deleted;

— Part 1: General requirements

— Part 2: Suitability for preloading

— Part 3: System HR — Hexagon bolt and nut assemblies

— Part 4: System HV — Hexagon bolt and nut assemblies

— Part 5: Plain washers

— Part 6: Plain chamfered washers

— Part 7: System HR — Countersunk head bolt and nut assemblies

— Part 8: System HV — Hexagon fit bolt and nut assemblies

Table 1 — Systems of bolt/nut/washer assemblies

Bolt/nut/washer assembly System

General requirements EN 14399-1

Washers EN 14399-5 or EN 14399-6 EN 14399-5 or EN 14399-6

Type of bolting assembly System HR System HV System HRC

Bolt HR8.8 HR10.9 HR8.8 HR10.9 HV10.9 HVP10.9 HRC10.9

Nut face washer HN HN

EN 14399-1:2005EN 14399-1, High-strength structural bolting assemblies for preloading — Part 1:

EN 14399-2:2005EN 14399-2, High-strength structural bolting assemblies for preloading — Part 2:

EN ISO 3269:2000, Fasteners — Acceptance inspection (ISO 3269:2000)

3 Direct tension indicators

Figure 1 — Dimensions of compressible washer-type direct tension indicator (example

Table 2 — Dimensions of compressible washer-type direct tension

Material Height over Protrusio Protrusio

3.23.3 Specifications and reference standards for direct tension indicators

The specifications and reference standards are given in Table 3.

Table 3 — Specifications and reference standards for direct tension indicators

Surface finishFinish Sherardized b EN 13811EN ISO 17668

3.3 Performance4 Functional test of direct tension indicators

Table 4 — IndicatorTest compression loads at appropriate0,40 mm gap (see Table 9)

3.4.23.5.2 Testing apparatus

3.4.3 Compression loading system

3.4.43.5.3 Support blocks

Support blocks shall have a minimum Rockwell hardness of 50 HRC.

Figure 2 — Support block

Figure 3 — Support block dimensions

Table 5 — Support block dimensions

3.4.53.5.4 Bearing blocks

Bearing blocks shall have a minimum Rockwell hardness of 50 HRC.

The calibrated test datacalibration certificates shall be retained.

The test shall be carried out at an ambient temperature range of 10 °C to 35 °C.