CA

TC
rESrcoDE 02112020
FORM TP 2013153
--\-/@ MAY/JUNE 2013

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CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL
-t CARIBBEAN ADVANCED PROFICIENCY EXAMINATION@
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CHEMISTRY
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UNITl-Paper02
-t 2 hours 30 minutes
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.t READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY.

L This paper consists of SIX questions in two sections. Answer ALL

questions.

2. For Section A, write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.

3. For Section B, write your answers in the spaces provided at the end of
each question in this booklet.

4. ALL working MUST be shown.

5. You may use a silent, non-programmable calculator to answer questions.

6. A data booklet is provided.

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(r- 636-2585

c.E.s.E.c.

I DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.

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Copyright @ 201I Caribbean Examinations Council

All rights reserved.

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SECTION A

AnswerALL questions in this section.

Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.

MODULE T

FITI\TDAMENTALS IN CI{EI\{ISTRY

1. (a) Define the terms

(i) oxidation

(ii) reduction .

[2 marksl

(b) When an acidified solution of potassium manganate(Vll) is added to hydrogen peroxide a

redox reaction occurs and the observations include effervescence and a colour change.

(i) State the colour change observed.

[1 markl

(ii) Write the TWO half equations for the reaction, indicating the changes in oxidation
number.

[6 marksl

(iii) State the roles of the two.r€agentq-potassium manganate(VlI) and hydrogen peroxide.

[2 marksl I

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(c) Describe an experiment, including obsewations, that can be used to compare the oxidizing
ability of the elements chlorine, bromine and iodine.
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Total 15 marks
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MODULE 2

KINETICS AND EQUILIBRIA

2. (a) Define the term 'buffer sotution'.

[2 marksl

(b) Explain, using relevant equations, how a buffer solution containing ammonia and ammonium
chloride reacts in the following circumstances:

(i) Contamination of the buffer with a small quantity of base

[2 marks]

(ii) Contamination of the buffer with a small quantity of acid

[2 marksl

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(c) Calculate the pH of a buffer solution made from 20.00 cm3 of 0.10 mol dm-3 propanoic acid
(CH3CHTCOOH) and 40.00 cm3 of 0.050 mol dm-3 sodium propanoate (CH3Ci{riOONa).

(The acid dissociation constant, K", for propanoic acid is 1.22 x l0-5.) q.6 I

[5 marksl
(d) The experimental determination of the pH of the buffer solution in 2 (c) was carried out by a
group ofstudents.

(i) List TWO relevant pieces of apparatus and/or materials that may have been used to
carry out the experiment.

[2 marksl

(ii) Describe TWO relevant steps taken by the students to determine the pH of the buffer.

[2 marksl

Total 15 marks

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MODULE 3

CHEI\{ISTRY OF TIIE ELEMENTS

3. (a) (i) Outline TWO reasons why aqueous hydroxide ions, OH- (aq), are used in the
identifi cation of cations.

[2 marks]

(ii) Table l shows an incomplete list of a number of cations with the expected results of
their respective flame tests.

Complete the table.

TABLE 1: FLAME TEST RESULTS

Element Na* K* Ca2* Ba2* Cu2*

Colour of Flame Green

[2 marksl

(b) M is a mixture of a soluble and an insoluble salt. Table 2 is an incomplete laboratory report
of tests carried out on M.

Complete Table2 by writing the relevant observations.

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TABLE 2: LABORATORY REPORT

No. Tests Observations Inferences

(i) Add dil. HClto M and SO, evolved

warm.

(ii) Shake M with water and

then filter.

To the colourless filtrate, SO,F (aq) present

add acidified CrrOrF (aq).

(iii) Dissolve residue from (ii)

in dil. HNO3. Add

a) KI (aq) Pbz* present

and

b) boil for 1 minute. Pbl, formed

[5 marksl
(c) (i) Write half equations to explain the observation in test (b) (ii).

[4 marks)

(ii) ldentiff the salts in mixture M.

[2 marksl

Total 15 marks

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SECTION B

AnswerALL questions.

Write your answers in the spaces provided at the end of each question.

MODULE I

FI]I{DAMENTALS IN CIIEMISTRY

4. Calcium oxide, quicklime, is produced by roasting limestone. Quicklime is used to neutralize the
acidity of soils.

(a) Define the term 'standard enthalpy of formation'. [2 marksl

(b) Write a balanced equation for formation of CaO(s). [1 markl

(c) Construct a Born-Haber cycle for the formation of CaO(s) showing clearly, using equations,
the steps of the enthalpy changes involved. marksl
[6 i

(d) Distinguish between 'exothermic enthalpy change'and 'endothermic enthalpy change', citing 1

enthalpy changes from your Born-Haber cycle in (c) to support your answer. [4 marks]

(e) Explain, by writing an equation, how the data from the Born-Haber cycle can be used to
calculate the lattice enerry of CaO(s). [2 marksl

Total 15 marks

Write the answer to Question 4 here.

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Write the answer to Question 4 here.

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Write the answer to Question 4 here.

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MODULE 2

KINETICS AI\D EQUILIBRIA

5. (a) With the aid of appropriate Boltzmann distribution curves, (using the axes provided on
page 12) describe the effect of EACH of the following on reaction rates:

(i) Temperature [4 marks]

-l (ii) Catalyst [3 marksl

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(b) The values of initial rates measured for the reaction below are recorded in Table 3.

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s2oE2- + 2l- 2SOo2- + I,

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I TABLE 3: INITIALRATES DATA
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Experiment ISror"l F-l Initial Rate

(mol dmi) (mol dmr) (mol dm{ min-r)

1 0.1 s 0.25 1.4 X l0{

2 0.15 0.50 5.6 x l0{

1

a 0.50 2.8 X l0-5

J 0.07s

4 0.075 0.25 7.0 x l0{

I tU Use the information from the table to deduce the rate equation and calculate the
. J overall order of the reaction. zr'J
o'dcr [5 marksl

(ii) calculate the

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a) rate constant [2 marks]
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'-l b) initial rate of the reaction when [SrOrt-]o = 0.13 mol dm-3 and
[-]o= 0.32 moldm-3. [1 markl
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.J rotal 15 marks

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Write the answer to Question 5 here.

(a) (i) Temperature

Kinetic energy
--+

(ii)

o
(I)

q,
=
(D
c
o
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c)
E

z=

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Write the answer to Question 5 here.

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Write the answer to Question 5 here.

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MODULE 3
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CHEMISTRY OF THE ELEMENTS

ll.
lo. (a) The atomic radii across the first row of transition elements show a gradual decrease.
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--l Outline the reasons for this trend. '(

6-) ( '.\ [2 marksl
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(b) (i) State the FULL electronic configuration for the ions,,Ti3*; Fe2*; Cf*. [3 marks]
?cr_) ?\
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(ii) Explain, in terms
..
of electronic configuration, why iron(ll) is readily converted to
I iron(lll). [2 marksl
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(c) When aqueous copper ions are treated separately with aqueous ammonia and concentrated
hydrochloric acid, the complex ions [Cu(NHr)o(HrO)r]t* and [CuClo]2- are formed.
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State the name of the shape for

(i) EACH of the complex ions [2 marksl

(ii) of the formula [MLo]*where M is the central metal and L represents

a complex ion
the ligand. [1 markl

(d) When titanium(lll) chloride is dissolved in water, a purple solution is formed.

Explain carefully how the colour is produced- [5 marksl

Total 15 marks

Write the answer to Question 6 here.

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Write the answer to Question 6 here.

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Write the answer to Question 6 here.

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END OF TEST

IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, CIIECK YOTIR WORK ON THIS TEST.

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