4.

Metronidazole
DOSAGE,
MECHANISM OF ADVERSE NURSING
DRUG NAME ROUTE, INDICATIONS CONTRAINDICATIONS
ACTION EFFECTS RESPONSIBILITIES
FREQUENCY
Metronidazole Ordered: Metronidazole diffuses Generic Contraindications: CNS: Before:
500mg IV per into the organism, Indications: >Hypersensitivity seizures, >Assess patient’s
Brand Name: 100mg Q8 inhibits protein >Amebic >Hypersensitivity to dizziness, infection
Flagyl, Metric (side drip) synthesis by interacting hepatic abscess parabens headache >Watch carefully for
21, Noritade with DNA and causing >Intestinal >First trimester of edema because it may
a loss of helical DNA amebiasis pregnancy. EENT: cause sodium retention.
Drug structure and strand >Trichomoniasis Tearing >assess skin for severity
classification: breakage. Therefore, it >Retractory Precaution: (Topical areas of local adverse
Pharmacologi causes cell death in trichomonias >History of blood only) reactions
c Class: susceptible organisms. >bacterial dyscrasias; seizures or >record number and
Nitroimidazole infection caused neurologic problems GI: character of stool
by anaerobic >Severe hepatic Abdominal >assess patient’s and
Therapeutic microorganisms impairment pain, family’s knowledge of
class: >to prevent >Pregnancy, lactation and anorexia, drug therapy.
Antiabacterial postoperative children. nausea and
Antiprotozoal infection in vomiting, During:
contaminated Drug Interaction: diarrhea, >Give drug with meals to
Pregnancy colorectal >Cimetidine dry mouth, minimize GI distress
Risk category: surgery >Phenobarbital glossitis >to treat trochomoniasis,
B >pelvic >Warfarin give drug for 7 days
inflammatory >Disulfiram Derm: instead of 2-g single dose
disease. >Flourouracil rashes, >use only after
urticarial, T.viganalis has been
mild confirmed by wet smear
dryness, >tablets may be crushed
skin for patient’s with
irritation difficult swallowing
>Do not use aluminium
needles or hubs, color
will turn orange/ rust

After
>tell patient that metallic
taste and dark or red
 brown urine may occur
>Instruct patient to take
oral form with meals to
minimize reactions
>Instruct to complete full
course of therapy
>Tell patient not to use
alcohol or drugs that
contain alcohol
>May cause dizziness/
light headedness.

5. Paracetamol
DOSAGE,
DRUG MECHANISM CONTRAINDICATI ADVERSE NURSING
ROUTE, INDICATIONS
NAME OF ACTION ONS EFFECTS RESPONSIBILITIES
FREQUENCY
Paracetamol Ordered: Paracetamol may To relieve mild to Hypersensitivity to Hematologic: >Assess patient’s fever or
500mg 1 tab cause analgesia by moderate pain acetaminophen or hemolytic anemia, pain: type of pain,
Brand Name: Q4 inhibiting CNS due to things such phenacetin; use with leukopenia, location, intensity,
Biogesic prostaglandin as headache, alcohol neutropenia, duration, temperature, and
Route: Oral synthesis. The muscle and joint pancytopenia, diaphoresis.
Drug mechanism of pain, backache thrombocytopenia >Assess allergic reactions:
Classification: morphine is and period pains. . rash, urticarial; if these
Analgesic believed to involve It is also used to occur, drug may have to
(Non-opioid) decreased bring down a high Hepatic: Liver be discontinued
Antipyretic permeability of the temperature. damage, jaundice >teach patient to
cell membrane to recognize to recognize
sodium, which Metabolic: signs of chronic overdose:
results in Hypoglycemia Bleeding, bruising,
diminished Skin: rash, malaise, fever, sore throat.
transmission of urticaria >Tell patient to notify
pain impulses prescriber for pain/ fever
therefore analgesia. lasting for more than 3
days.

6. Ciprofloxacin
 DOSAGE,
MECHANISM ADVERSE NURSING
DRUG NAME ROUTE, INDICATIONS CONTRAINDICATIONS
OF ACTION EFFECTS RESPONSIBILITIES
FREQUENCY
Ciprofloxacin Ordered: Inhibits Ciprofloxacin is Contraindicated in CNS: seizures, >Assess for infection
200mg IV Q12 bacterial DNA used to treat hypersensitivity, cross- dizziness, prior to and during
Brand name: BID synthesis by infections of the sensitivity among agents drowsiness, therapy
Cipro inhibiting DNA skin, lungs, may occur. headache, >Obtain specimens for
gyrase. airways, bones insomnia, acute culture and sensitivity
Drug and joints Use cautiously in psychoses, before initiating
classification: Therapeutic caused by underlying CNS pathology, agitation, therapy. First dose may
Anti-infectives Effect: Death of susceptible renal impairment, cirrhosis. confusion, be given before
Susceptible bacteria. hallucinations, receiving results. To
Antibiotic Class: bacteria. increased prevent development of
Fluoroquinolone It is also intracranial resistant bacteria,
s Spectrum: frequently used pressure, tremors. therapy should only be
broad activity to treat urinary GI: used to treat infections
includes many infectious pseudomembranou that are proven or
gram-positive diarrheas caused s colitis, abdominal strongly suspected to be
pathogens. by E. coli, pain, diarrhea, caused by susceptible
Campylobacter nausea, altered bacteria.
jejuni, and taste. >Observe for signs and
Shigella GU: interstitial symptoms of
Bacteria. cystitis, vaginitis anaphylaxis (rash,
Derma: rash pruritis, laryngeal
Endo: edema, wheezing).
hyperglycemia, Discontinues drug and
Hypoglycemia notify physician
Local: Phlebitis at immediately if these
IV site problems occur.
MS: tendinitis,
tendon rupture
Misc:
hypersensitivity
reactions including
anaphylaxis,
Steven-Johnson