TIAAN JACOBS GASG 3.

20 SAFETY POLICY FOR HIKERS

Content below draws on ARRIVE ALIVE https://www.arrivealive.mobi/hikers-and-hiking-safety CAPE

Refer to my Risk Assessment document attached for further background. STORM
TOURS
The hike guide must ensure the following:

• Hiking plan and route is lodged with operations manager and where possible with trail owner or
manager
• All of these have been attended to: The route map, distance & duration, access permits, weather
conditions, transport, medical kit, indemnities, guide equipment, emergency numbers, charged
cellphone.
• Clients have been checked for bookings payments, preparedness, water, fitness and capability for the
route, any medical conditions, expectations.

The hike guide must explain these safety rules.

• When you have planned well for the hike – stick to the plan!
• Follow the map along with permitted areas and pay attention to the warnings on the map.
• Keep to the straightforward routes on well-used paths. Follow the same route down, or one you know
well.
• Don’t walk off-trail.
• Heed signs advising of danger and do not take short cuts or go down unknown ravines.
• Trails are generally uneven, rocky and can be dangerous, so make sure you are paying attention,
especially to how you land your feet, you don’t want to twist an ankle!
• Stay with your party; don't split up and take different trails.
• Be aware of your surroundings and landmarks and pace yourself.
• Stay well hydrated.
• Do not risk going onto ledges to get the ‘perfect’ selfie.
• Be watchful for snakes and other hazards.
• Turn off cellular phones or switch to "aeroplane mode" to conserve the battery.
• Do not use your cell phone as a light source, which will drain its batteries. Use the flashlight you
packed instead.

Safety from Crime on the Hiking Trail

• Exercise the same common sense and security precautions that you would anywhere else in the
world.
• At the trailhead or parking lot conceal valuables and lock your vehicle.
• Do not attract unwanted attention by openly displaying cash, cameras or other valuables.
• Don’t carry valuables or substantial amounts of money on you.
• Leave behind all valuable belongings like your passport, expensive jewellery or cash.
• You may consider taking pepper spray as a means of protection.
• When confronted by a criminal, don't resist. Rather hand over your goods as resistance might incite a
mugger to violence.
• Program emergency numbers in your cell phone before your hike.

SIGNED

21 September 2020 RISK ASSESSMENT / ...

21 September 2020
HAZARD
Water is important:
Dehydration on any trails
even on cool days, air is
dry. On hot days people
who fail to drink will soon
feel the effects.
SERIOUS RISK
Hypothermia - as
'
temperature falls below
95 F (35 C). Serious if
allowed to persist.
Comment mistake not
preparing well for the
day. Hyperthermia.
Sunstroke or heatstroke
- the most serious
weather condition.
VERY SERIOUS RISK
Be aware of loose rocks
and slipper rocks. Due to
Table Mountain
Sandstone (TMS) and
Cape Granite, some rocks
are very unstable.
MODERATE RISK
Risk Assessment
3.20 RISK ASSESSMENT
By TIAAN JACOBS
INJURY
Headaches, nausea. Dark
urine, dry skin, dizziness.
Severe dehydration can
lead to blood clots,
seizures, and other
potentially fatal
complications
Shivering, weak pulse,
confusion, sleepiness.
Heart may stop, organs
may fail
Heat cramps and
exhaustion may be
followed by fainting,
seizures. Body can no
longer control its
temperature which may
exceed 104deg C-
potentially fatal.
Slipping and falling, to
cause fractures and
abrasions
21 September 2O2O
MITIGATION
Guide must brief people
on the need to drink
water. Water points to
be checked. Water
bottles to be filled. Guide
must observe hikers and
take action where
necessary.
Go warmly dressed in
winter or rainy weather.
Walk in warmer weather
or warmer times of day.
Eat high calorie snacks.
ldentifo hypothermic
person and provide body
warmth (First Aid
principles).
Avoid prolonged
exposure to extreme
heat. Make shelter by
using your hiking poles
and your rain poncho not
to be direct with the sun
on your body. The
daytime temperatures in
the region of t5-27degC.
Try to
Guide must know the
trail and avoid dangerous
slopes
PAGE 1
COVERS THE MAIN
TRAITS THAT WE HAVE
IDENTIFIED FOR
PUBLIC, SCHOOTS AND
RESEARCHERS
POUCY
All hikers to carry 2litres
at all times and replenish
regularly.
Get weather forecasts for
all trails. Hikers must take
pullovers, and in winter
Guide must have space
blanket or silver foil
blanket/s in med-kit.
Avoid sitting in the sun as
it will drain all you're
energy out. Move to a
shady spot are make
shelter, drink water.
Map the most dangerous
slopes.
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21 September 2020

3.20 RISK ASSESSMENT

Tiaan Jacobs
PAGE 2

HAZARD INJURY MITIGATION POUCY

LIGHTNING - High Injuries can include Avoid high points on Brief clients in advance
likelihood in summer. burns, organ damage and trails if a storm is and practice the crouch
death. threatening. Do not open before summer trails.
VERY SERIOUS gates or cross open
fields. Do not shelter
under trees. Spread
group out, crouch down
in a ditch.

SNAKEBITE - Puffadder An extremely painful and
potentially deadline bite
VERY SERIOUS with Cytotoxic venom
that dissolves tissue.
Victim may suffer shock
and heart failure.
Treat as per First Aid Guide must warn hikers
rules not using a to look out especially on
tourniquet for this bite. hot sumnier days. Snake
The poison should not be lies on or next to paths
confined to one area or and is a very fast striker.
limb. Take to hospital
immediately to (Groote
Schuur Hospital)

SNAKEBITE - Rinkhals Neurotoxic venom which
is not necessarily painful.
VERY SERIOUS The snake may bite or
spit. Poison is extremely
painful in the eyes and
shock may follow. Victim
may become drowsy and
comatose.
Snake plays dead - do Guide must warn hikers
not pick up. lf bitten to look out especially on
Treat as per First Aid hot summer or autumn
rules using a bandage to days when snake is
slow down circulation. active.
The poison should not be
confined to one area or
limb. Take to hospital
immediately to (Groote
Schuur Hospital)tf spat in
the eye, wash out the
eye with milk or water.
Take to clinic.

SNAKEBITE - Cape Cobra
VERY SERIOUS
The Cape Cobra's venom
is made up of potent
postsyna ptic neu rotoxins
and might also contain
cardiotoxins. This affects
the heart. Poison is
extremely painful.
Like most snakes, The The best thing to do is to
Cape Cobra will rather stop. Assess the
flee from humans than situation, slowly back
attack and bite instead; away, wait a safe
transmitting is very distance till the snack
powerful and fast acting leave. Very important;
neurotoxic venom. ANy don't approach a snake;
BITE FROM A Cape Cobra don't even try scaring off
is a [IFE.THREATENING the snake or move the
and needs URGENT snake.
medical care.

WASP & BEE STINGS -
Numerous nests and
hives are found
throughout the Dome.
SERIOUS
Allergic reaction can
blind the person, nausea
and vomiting can also
occur. Bee strings are
potentially more serious.
Anaphylactic shock can
kill and the victim will
need an adrenaline
injection.
Watch out and listen for People with known
buzzing. Warn people allergies must be asked
about these insects. Ask to declare them and
before trail if anyone has must have their own
allergies. prophylaxis. Medical kit
must contain
antinhystamines.

Risk Assessment
PageZ
21 September 2020
Tiaan Jacobs
HAZARD
ANGRY LANDOWNER - Threats and shouting, but
private property
trespassing.
MODERATE
OTHER SECURITY -
Vagrants may attack the
party or steal from it.
MODERATE
OTHER INCIDENTS - eg:
crossing roads,
encounters with bulls
Risk Assessment
3.20 RISK ASSESSMENT
PAGE 3
INJURY MITIGATION POLICY
Get clearance to enter Operator must have
shooting unlikely. Arrest private property. permissions to enter on
and prosecution possible. Observe all signs. Do not definite trails.
jump fences. Do not
leave gates open. Reason
calmly with anyone who
accosts the group.
Communicate with base.
Physical abuse and loss Get local information Operator''discusses with
of property. Emotional about any incidents. At guide and has a plan of
reactions. campsites, take security action.
precautions at night -
even appoint people to
watch in shifts.
Communicate with base.
Call police.
Various injuries Use common sense Guide must remain
safety precautions aware
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