Ts7124otaapplicationnote1619630454350

COMP ANY RESTRICTED
TS7124M
5G NR FR1 OTA
Application Note
Products:
ı R&S®TS7124M ı R&S®CMWC
ı R&S®CMX500 ı R&S®CMWflexx
ı R&S®CMW500 ı R&S®CMsquares
This application note describes the procedure to achieve maximum data throughput measurement over-
the-air (OTA) using an RF Shielded Box TS7124M, with a focus given to 5G NR FR1.
Claude LE R OUX
1.2020 – 01.00
Application Note
COMP ANY RESTRICTED Table of Contents
Table of Contents
1 Introduction ......................................................................................... 4
2 Theory .................................................................................................. 5
2.1 NR Maximum Data Rate ..............................................................................................5
2.1.1 Aggregated component carriers ....................................................................................5
2.1.2 MIMO layers ...................................................................................................................5
2.1.3 Modulation Order and MCS ...........................................................................................5
2.1.4 Scaling Factor ................................................................................................................6
2.1.5 Rmax ..............................................................................................................................6
2.1.6 Physical Resource Block and Bandwidth ......................................................................6
2.1.7 Numerology....................................................................................................................6
2.1.8 Symbol duration (Ts)......................................................................................................6
2.1.9 Overhead (OH) ..............................................................................................................6
2.2 Other Parameters .........................................................................................................7
2.2.1 Time Slots ......................................................................................................................7
2.2.2 DMRS ............................................................................................................................7
2.2.3 BLER ..............................................................................................................................7
2.2.4 CSI .................................................................................................................................7
2.2.5 CQI .................................................................................................................................8
2.3 Expected Maximum NR Throughput ..........................................................................8
3 Needed Equipment ............................................................................. 9

3.1 Hardware .......................................................................................................................9
3.2 Software ......................................................................................................................12
4 TS7124M Setup ................................................................................. 13

4.1 RF cabling ...................................................................................................................13
4.1.1 Between TS7124M and CMW500s .............................................................................13
4.1.2 Between TS7124M and Vivaldi Antennas ...................................................................14
4.2 Vivaldi antenna position details ...............................................................................15
4.3 DUT position details ..................................................................................................17
5 System Settings ................................................................................ 18

5.1 External RF Attenuation ............................................................................................18
5.2 CMsquares / WebGUI ................................................................................................18
6 Results with low insertion loss combiner ...................................... 20
01.00 Rohde & Schwarz 5G NR FR1 OTA 2

COMP ANY RESTRICTED Table of Contents
6.1 Summary .....................................................................................................................20

6.1.1 Max Throughput based on SETUP ..............................................................................20
6.1.2 Max Throughput based on DUT Position ....................................................................21
6.2 Achieved Throughput with Reference Setup (SETUP 1) .......................................22
6.2.1 DUT Position 1 .............................................................................................................22
6.2.2 DUT Position 2 .............................................................................................................23
6.2.3 DUT Position 3 .............................................................................................................23
6.2.4 DUT Position 4 .............................................................................................................23
7 Results with Z24 combiners for LTE SISO + NR MIMO 4x4........... 24
8 Results with Z24 combiners for NSA MIMO 4x4 ............................ 25

8.1 LTE ..............................................................................................................................25
8.2 NR ................................................................................................................................25
9 NR Throughput at IP level ................................................................ 27

9.1 TCP Throughput.........................................................................................................28
9.2 UDP Throughput ........................................................................................................31
10 Conclusion ........................................................................................ 36
11 User Manuals and Tools................................................................... 38
12 Ordering Information ........................................................................ 39

A Appendix A: RF Shielded Box R&S®TS7124M specifications ..............................40
B Appendix B: Vivaldi antenna R&S®TS-F24-V1 specifications ..............................41
C Appendix C: Free Space Pathloss Equation ...........................................................42
D Appendix D: Near Field & Far Field Distance considerations ...............................43
E Appendix E: Details of other tested TS7124M SETUPs .........................................45
F Appendix F: Results of other tested TS7124M SETUPs ........................................48
G Appendix G: FORUM .................................................................................................53
H Appendix H: LTE 256QAM MCS Table .....................................................................55
I Appendix I : TS7124AS ..............................................................................................55

COMP ANY RESTRICTED Introduction
1 Introduction
Maximum data throughput has always been an important Key Performance Indicator
(KPI) for most wireless companies.
That has been further emphasized by 5G NR, which allows even greater data rate.
In the past, testing was mainly done in conducted mode, thanks to tiny U.FL RF
connectors available on commercial phones.
However, most mobile phone manufacturers recently got rid of those RF connectors
from their commercial devices, therefore preventing testers to proceed with conducted
mode unless soldering RF connectors to Device Under Test (DUT).
As a result, the importance of OTA chambers and shielded boxes, such as the
TS7124M, will further increase.
Besides, the TS7124M offers flexibility in terms of RF antennas (type, number and
location) and scenarios (multi-cells, carrier aggregation, MIMO Schemes).
This application note describes the procedure to achieve maximum data throughput
measurement over-the-air (OTA) using an RF Shielded Box TS7124M, with a focus
given to 5G NR FR1.

COMP ANY RESTRICTED Theory
2 Theory
2.1 NR Maximum Data Rate
3GPP TS 38.306-4.1.2 shows how the maximum data rate is computed:
 BW ( j ), 
12 
 
J
  v
N PRB
data rate (in Mbps)  10 6  ( j)
 Qm( j )  f ( j)
 Rmax   1  OH ( j ) 
j 1
Layers
Ts 
Useful tool: https://5g-tools.com/5g-nr-throughput-calculator/
Throughput depends then on:
▪ number (j) of aggregated component carriers (CC)
▪ number (v) of MIMO layers
▪ modulation order (Qm)
▪ scaling factor (f)
▪ Rmax
▪ Resource Block (RB) allocation (N)
▪ numerology (µ)
▪ symbol duration (Ts)
▪ overhead (OH)
2.1.1 Aggregated component carriers
Here, a single carrier is considered (j=1).

However, other CC scenarios may be tested with TS7124M.
2.1.2 MIMO layers
Here, MIMO4x4 is evaluated (v=4) with TS7124M.
2.1.3 Modulation Order and MCS
In order to get maximum throughput, one should target maximum modulation order
(Qm) and maximum modulation coding scheme (MCS).
Qm:
ı 2: QPSK
ı 4: 16 QAM
ı 6: 64 QAM
ı 8: 256 QAM
As per 3GPP TS 38.214 (v.15.8.0, table 5.1.3.1), for downlink:
ı MCS table 1 should be considered if MCS-Table is set to 'qam64'

ı MCS table 2 should be considered if MCS-Table is set to 'qam256'

ı MCS table 3 should be considered if MCS-Table is set to 'qam64LowSE'
Therefore, Qm = 8 and MCS = 27 of QAM256 table (MCS table 2) should be targeted.
2.1.4 Scaling Factor
A scaling factor (f) can be set to 1, 0.8, 0.75 or 0.4.

It is 1 unless specified.
2.1.5 Rmax
Value depends on the type of coding (3GPP TS 38.212).

By default, Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) coding is used, so Rmax = 948/1024 =
0.92578125.
2.1.6 Physical Resource Block and Bandwidth
Number of Physical Resource Blocks (PRB) depends on allocated bandwidth (BW).

Maximum bandwidth for NR FR1 is 100 MHz, which leads to a maximum number of
Resource Blocks of 273.
NOTE: Maximum allowed bandwidth is defined per band in table 5.3.5-1 of 3GPP TS
38.101-1. Whereas maximum allowed bandwidth is 100 MHz for TDD (e.g. for N78), it
is limited to 50 MHz for FDD (at best, for N7).
2.1.7 Numerology
Numerology (µ) defines subcarrier spacing (SCS):

Δ𝑓 = 2𝜇 ∙ 15 [𝑘𝐻𝑧]
Here: µ = 1 so SCS = 30 kHz.
2.1.8 Symbol duration (Ts)
Symbol duration (Ts) is defined as follows:
10 3
Ts 
14  2 
Here: Ts = 35.7 µs (including cyclic prefix)
2.1.9 Overhead (OH)
For FR1 DL, overhead (OH) equals 0.14.

2.2 Other Parameters

Here are some other important parameters that influence the NR throughput.
2.2.1 Time Slots
Optimized Time Slots (TS) configuration for DL throughput should be 8 DL slots / 1 F

slot (with maximum number of symbols allocated to DL) / 1 UL slot.
3GPP 38.213 Table 11.1.1-1 defines slot formats for normal cyclic prefix.
Part of symbols allocated for DL in TDD mode (divided by 14):
Default value = 0.85714 (e.g. format 31 used for Flexible slot).
2.2.2 DMRS
PDSCH de-modulation Reference Signal (DMRS) is a downlink physical signal used

for radio channel estimation and demodulation of PDSCH.
Can also be used to estimate received signal power.
If the DUT supports it, the user may wish to set "DL_DMRS_add_pos" to "0" to reduce
the number of additional symbols allocated to DMRS (maximum number 4 used for
high speed scenarios).
That would further optimize data throughput by having then a single symbol allocated
to DMRS (of which its position is defined by "DL_DMRS_typeA_pos"; DMRS Type A:
first DMRS in symbol 2 or 3 of the slot).
2.2.3 BLER
A very good physical radio link is critical to get throughput at any protocol layer.
Block Error Rate (BLER) is a good criterion to evaluate the radio link quality.
In order to get a maximum measured throughput value very close to the scheduled and
expected throughput value, the target BLER threshold is set here to 0.01.
I.e. BLER must be lower than 1% so that measured throughput value is retained as
candidate for supported maximum data rate.
2.2.4 CSI
Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS) is a downlink physical signal

used for channel estimation that can be exploited for resource allocation, beamforming
and beam management.
Even if the channel conditions are not supposed to change much here, it would be
interesting to look at Channel State Information (CSI) reporting.
That would then give us useful information to evaluate the RF attenuation via
Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) parameter.

2.2.5 CQI
As part of CSI report, Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) gives the expected MCS based
on downlink channel estimation made by the UE, i.e. best MCS without exceeding
given target BLER.
3GPP TS 38.214 defines three CQI tables.
2.3 Expected Maximum NR Throughput

For 1CC MIMO4x4 case, maximum throughput can then be evaluated as follows:
ı FDD: 1.165 Gbps (due to bandwidth limitation described in section 2.1.6).
ı TDD (8 DL TS):
▪ without DMR optimization: 1.5 Gbps (what is aimed in this document)
▪ with DMRS optimization (add_pos=0) : 1.8 Gbps
▪ with DMRS optimization + optimized Flexible TS: 2.0 Gbps

COMP ANY RESTRICTED Needed Equipment
3 Needed Equipment
3.1 Hardware
Hardware equipment required for performing OTA testing for NSA FR1 are:
► 1 x CMX500 Radio Communication Tester (5G NR Extension)
► 1 x CMW Controller (CMWC) - if more than one CMW500 is used (Extended

Setup)
► N x 5G-ready CMW500 Wireless Communication Tester (here N = 2)

► 1 x TS7124M RF Shielded Box
► 1x USB feedthrough R&S®TS-F24FU1 for DUT control, mounted either on the

front door or on the back wall
► 4 x Vivaldi Antennas R&S®TS-F24-V1 and antenna holders R&S®TS-F24-AH2

► 1 x full antenna ring R&S®TS-24-AR or half antenna ring R&S®TS-24-AH1
► 1 x DUT holder R&S®TS-24P1 with 2 positions on the door (only 1 possible if full
antenna ring is used though)
► 2 x Z24 RF combiners for multi-cell MIMO 4x4 cases (such as NSA MIMO 4x4
here)

► 1 x Smartphone referred to as DUT. More than one DUT was used for testing, but
the DUT best results were achieved with is referred to as "Reference DUT"
3.2 Software
ı CMsquares
ı XLAPI
▪ PyCharm, Visual Studio or any other python IDE

COMP ANY RESTRICTED TS7124M Setup
4 TS7124M Setup
This section provides you details on how to configure and set up the TS7124M. There
can be more than one way of placing the Vivaldi antennas and DUT in a shielded box.
The optimal position depends on the antenna location within the DUT, which is not
always known.
In this section we explain the configuration that has provided most optimal and
maximum throughput. Hereafter, we refer to this as SETUP1.
There were other setups that were also tested and evaluated. Details of these can be
found in Appendix E and Appendix F.
4.1 RF cabling
The TS7124M comes by default with 4 x N (outside) to SMA (inside) RF feedthrough
connectors at the rear of the shielded box.
4.1.1 Between TS7124M and CMW500s
For LTE SISO + NR MIMO 4x4 scenario, a single low insertion loss (IL=0.7dB) 2-1 port
RF combiner has been used to combine LTE and NR main paths to the same Vivaldi
antenna, as a first evaluation.
Then, a single Z24 RF combiner has been evaluated for the same scenario.
Finally, for NSA MIMO 4x4 scenario, a pair of Z24 RF combiners has been used
(referred here as “TOP” and “BOT(tom)”) to combine NR and LTE paths as detailed
below:
Path TS7124M Z24 Combiner NR LTE

Z24 Combiner CMW 1 Z24 Combiner CMW 2
Main RF 1 TOP-AC TOP-A1 RF4COM TOP-A2 RF4COM

Div 1 RF 2 BOT-AC BOT-A1 RF3COM BOT-A2 RF3COM
Div 2 RF 3 BOT-BC BOT-B1 RF1COM BOT-B2 RF1COM
Div 3 RF 4 TOP-BC TOP-B1 RF2COM TOP-B2 RF2COM

Z24 Combiner specifications

Frequency Range 250 MHz – 6 GHz
Insertion Loss (IL) 6 – 12 dB
4.1.2 Between TS7124M and Vivaldi Antennas
1. Unclip the ceiling of the TS7124M

2. Connect SMA-SMP RF cables to SMA connectors
3. Mount the antenna ring inside the chamber

4. Mount the 4 Vivaldi antennas on the antenna ring (details in section 4.2)
5. Connect RF cables to SMP Vivaldi connectors
6. Mount the DUT holder tray at the UPPER position of the front door
7. Place the DUT on the center of the DUT holder tray (details in section 4.3)

4.2 Vivaldi antenna position details

All four Vivaldi antennas shall be mounted on the top rails of the antenna ring.
Lots of antenna positions and orientations are possible, thanks to:
- rails (3 or 6 depending on its type)
- holes (29) on rails; position index starting from the front side
- antenna holder allowing 3 orientations (0°, 45°, 90°)
As you may see, rails are oriented to get a multiple of 45° as angle of rotation between
Vivaldi antennas for polarization diversity.

Below shows Vivaldi antenna position, orientation and internal TS7124M SMA RF
connector antennas are connected to:
Vivaldi antennas RF connectors

Close to back side, top middle rail, position 20, 90° RF 1
Close to left side, top left rail, position 13, 0° RF 2
Close to front side, top middle rail, position 6, 90° RF 3
Close to right side, top right rail, position 13, 90° RF 4
The configuration allows to simply "surround" the DUT with Vivaldi Antennas.
Other antenna configurations are considered in Appendix E.

4.3 DUT position details

Radiation pattern of a smartphone is mainly oriented from its back side:
Source: https://www.rfglobalnet.com
Therefore, the DUT screen will face down (back of the smartphone facing the Vivaldi
Antennas).
Four positions have been considered enough to evaluate antenna location effect on
throughput measurement.
Position 1: DUT top directed towards the back wall.
Position 2: DUT top directed towards the right wall.
Position 3: DUT top directed towards the front wall.
Position 4: DUT top directed towards the left wall.
For each run, the DUT will then be rotated manually by 90° clockwise on the tray
(horizontal plane).
In order to "print" the possible DUT positions, it is recommended to cut 2 pieces of
paper of the DUT size and tape them at the back of the DUT holder to finally get a
"cross" shape:
Position 1
Position 2
Position 4
Position 3
You may then tape DUT and USB cable onto the DUT holder to prevent the DUT to
move when opening / closing the door.

COMP ANY RESTRICTED System Settings
5 System Settings
5.1 External RF Attenuation
For RF systems, calibration is usually mandatory. However, here, for throughput
evaluation, it should not be required. Specific calibration procedure, reference antenna
and probes are not needed.
For now, an external RF attenuation of 25 dB has been arbitrary considered for all
setups as reference for simplicity, whatever the RAT and the band (refer to Appendix C
for details).
5.2 CMsquares / WebGUI

To set the external attenuation, please refer to Appendix G.
Settings in R&S CMsquares (e.g. for NSA MIMO 4x4 N78 B1):
1. Test Environment -> Network -> Predefined Network -> LTE 4x4, NR 4x4
2. LTE Network Configuration
Parameter Value
Duplex Mode FDD (default)
Frequency Band Indicator 1 (default)
DL & UL: Resource Blocks 100 / Frequency Bandwidth: 20
MHz
Range Choice Mid Band (default)
Max. Cell Power - 57.2 dBm (default)
MIMO Scheme MIMO 4x4

COMP ANY RESTRICTED System Settings
3. NR Network Configuration
Parameter Value
Frequency Range FR 1 (default)
Subcarrier Spacing 30 kHz (default)
Duplex Mode TDD (default)
Frequency Band Indicator N 78 (default)
Carrier Bandwidth 100 MHz (default)
Total Cell Power -44.8 dBm (default)
ss-PBCH-BlockPower 20 dBm
# DL Slots 8
# UL Slots 1
MCS Table 256 QAM
Slot Assignment Configuration (0 - 7)
# RB 273
MIMO Scheme MIMO 4x4
No DMRS optimization add_pos = 2 (default)
NOTE: "Activate Hadamard Matrix" button available at bottom, if required.
4. Enable both LTE and NR cells

5. When LTE attached, press "Activate EN-DC Mode"
6. LTE User Defined UE Scheduling -> Subframe Assignment -> Configuration
Parameter Value
Transmission Mode TM3 or TM4
DCI Format DCI 2
Start RB 0
Number RB 100
MCS 26
7. Workspace -> RX Meas -> BLER -> On

8. Increase power to improve BLER and throughput.
NOTE: A SCPI script may be done to automatically increase MCS in order to quickly
evaluate maximum throughput, and be launched via FORUM (Appendix G). So far,
such task has been done via XLAPI test script.

COMP ANY RESTRICTED Results with low insertion loss combiner
6 Results with low insertion loss combiner

NOTE:
ı Throughput measurements are done here at MAC layer, often referred as "MAC
throughput" (as opposed to "end-to-end (E2E) throughput", measured at IP layer)
to first make sure the physical radio link is correctly set and good enough (via
BLER measurement) before measuring throughput at higher layers.
ı Actual throughput refers to averaged actual throughput.
ı Scheduled throughput is maximum theoretical achievable throughput.
6.1 Summary
6.1.1 Max Throughput based on SETUP
Tested SETUPs (details in Appendix E):

ı SETUP 1: DUT on tray, Vivaldi antennas surrounding the DUT (rectangle shape).
ı SETUP 2: DUT at bottom, Vivaldi antennas placed in same way as SETUP 1.
ı SETUP 3: DUT at bottom, Vivaldi antennas on top middle rail 90° apart.
ı SETUP 4: DUT on tray, Vivaldi antennas placed in same way as SETUP 3.
ı SETUP 5: DUT on tray, 1 pair of Vivaldi antennas on top, other pair at bottom.
ı SETUP 6: DUT on tray, 2 cross-polarized Vivaldi antennas on top side rails.
Reference DUT, Position 1 Best MCS NR BLER NR Throughput (Gbps)

SETUP 1 27 0 1.53
SETUP 2 24 0.2 1.37
SETUP 3 27 0.1 1.53

SETUP 4 27 0 1.53
SETUP 5 26 0.5 1.47
SETUP 6 26 0.1 1.48
Results show maximum throughput is achieved with reference DUT for SETUPs 1, 3
and 4 (details in Appendix F).
However, testing with another DUT reveals best throughput is reached with SETUP 1:

Other DUT, Position 1 Best MCS NR BLER NR Throughput (Gbps)

SETUP 1 21 0.2 1.14
SETUP 2 - - -
SETUP 3 19 0 1.06
SETUP 4 19 0 1.06
SETUP 5 - - -
SETUP 6 19 0 1.06
6.1.2 Max Throughput based on DUT Position
When using SETUP 1, results show maximum throughput is achieved with reference
DUT in any position:
Reference DUT, SETUP 1 Best MCS NR BLER NR Throughput (Gbps)

Position 1 27 0 1.53
However, testing with another DUT reveals best throughput is reached when DUT is in
position 1:
Other DUT, SETUP 1 Best MCS NR BLER NR Throughput (Gbps)

Position 1 21 0.2 1.14
Position 2 19 0.1 1.06

6.2 Achieved Throughput with Reference Setup (SETUP 1)
6.2.1 DUT Position 1
Default Total NR Cell Power (-44.8 dBm):
MCS index NR BLER (%) Actual NR Scheduled NR

Throughput Throughput
(Mbps) (Mbps)
15 0 806 806
16 0 882 882
17 0 938 938
18 0 1012 1012
19 0 1065 1065
20 0 1118 1118
21 0 1144 1144
22 0 1223 1223
23 0 1298 1298
24 0 1377 1377
25 0 1429 1429
26 0 1481 1481
27 0.2 1531 1534
By increasing Total NR Cell Power:
Total NR Cell MCS index NR BLER (%) Actual NR

Power (dBm) Throughput
(Gbps)
-42 27 0 1.53

Power (dBm) Best MCS index NR BLER (%) Best Actual

Throughput (Gbps)
-44.8 (default) 26 0.1 1.48
-42 27 0 1.53

Throughput (Gbps)
-44.8 (default) 27 0.3 1.53
-42 27 0 1.53

Throughput (Gbps)
-44.8 (default) 25 0.2 1.43
-40 27 0.2 1.53
-35 27 0 1.53

COMP ANY RESTRICTED Results with Z24 combiners for LTE SISO + NR MIMO 4x4
7 Results with Z24 combiners for LTE SISO +

NR MIMO 4x4
Here, throughput has been evaluated with only best SETUP (SETUP 1) and best DUT
position (DUT position 1).

(Mbps) (Mbps)
15 0 806 806
16 0 882 882
17 0 937 938
18 0.2 1011 1012
19 0.2 1063 1065
20 0.2 1116 1118
21 0.2 1142 1144
22 52 589 1223
23 100 0 1298
24 100 0 1377
25 100 0 1429
26 100 0 1481
27 100 0 1534

(Gbps)
-40 24 0.2 1.37
-35 27 0.2 1.53

COMP ANY RESTRICTED Results with Z24 combiners for NSA MIMO 4x4
8 Results with Z24 combiners for NSA MIMO

4x4
NOTE: Here, throughput has also been evaluated with only SETUP 1 and DUT
position1.
8.1 LTE
MIMO 4x4, 100 RBs / 20 MHz, TM 3/4, DC2 format, 256QAM table (Appendix H)
Total Power = -50 dBm
MCS index LTE BLER (%) Actual NR Scheduled NR

(Mbps) (Mbps)
26** 0 339 339

(**) High BLER with MCS 27.
Useful tool: https://5g-tools.com/4g-lte-throughput-calculator/

Maximum theoretical MIMO 4x4 throughput: 392 Mbps (MCS 27), 339 Mbps (MCS 26).
8.2 NR

(Mbps) (Mbps)
15 0 806 806
16 0 882 882
17 0 938 938
18 0.1 1010 1010
19 0.2 1060 1070
20 0.2 1120 1120
21 0.2 1140 1140
22 0.2 1220 1220
23 89.3 134 1300
24 100 0 1380
25 100 0 1430
26 100 0 1480
27 100 0 1530

COMP ANY RESTRICTED Results with Z24 combiners for NSA MIMO 4x4

(Gbps)
-35 27 0.1 1.53

COMP ANY RESTRICTED NR Throughput at IP level
9 NR Throughput at IP level
Once maximum MAC throughput and good BLER are reached, IP throughput may be
evaluated.
iPerf, a well-known open-source network testing tool, is used to do so.
Two main protocols provide end-to-end communication between network entities
(client and server):
ı Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
ı User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
TCP is:
ı Connection-oriented; a connection has to be set before transmitting TCP data
(stream of bytes) from a single transmitter to a single receiver,
ı Reliable; providing congestion, order and error-checking mechanisms.
UDP is:
ı Connectionless; UDP data (datagrams) can be transmitted as either IP broadcast
or multicast,
ı Unreliable; prioritizing time over reliability,
Therefore, TCP is well suited for many internet applications such as web browsing,
emails and file sharing, while UDP is suitable for real-time applications such as Voice
over IP (VoIP).
NOTE: Links to all required third-party tools are available in User Manuals and Tools
section for download.

9.1 TCP Throughput

Below shows iPerf results on the Client side (Tester) for DL TCP, via CMsquares:
Hence the following downlink NR throughput values:

ı Average throughput = 1.38 Gbps
ı Peak throughput = 1.51 Gbps

Below shows iPerf results on the Server side (DUT) for DL TCP, via an iPerf
application (e.g. Magic iPerf) and a mirror application (e.g. Scrcpy, Vysor):
Hence the following downlink NR throughput value (with 2 streams):

ı Peak throughput = 1.50 Gbps (compliant with what we got with CMsquares)

Settings:
ı RLC AM (Acknowledge Mode)
ı iPerf settings:
▪ on Tester (CMsquares/XLAPI); equivalent to iperf -c 172.22.1.100 –w
10240K –i 1 –p 5010 –P 2:
▪ Application Type: iPerf2
▪ Direction: client (-c)
▪ Server IP address: 172.22.1.100 (DUT)
▪ TCP window size (-w) = 10240 kB (10 MB, but value is expected in kB
by WebGUI). NOTE: Specifying a large window size reduces the amount
of processing that needs to be done on both client and server sides.
▪ Interval (-i) = 1 s
▪ Port (-p) = 5010. NOTE: default port “5001” is sometimes not available
so other port id should be considered instead to avoid any eventual
conflict.
▪ Number of parallel threads (-P) = 2. NOTE: high data throughput may
require parallel streams to get maximum channel load (1.2 Gbps max
reached here with a single thread otherwise).
Optional:
▪ Buffer length (-l) = 128 kB by default for TCP – packet size.
▪ On DUT: iperf –s –w 10240K –i 1 -p 5010

NOTE:
▪ The Server (-s) side does not have to include the parallel stream option
since it listens for any of the traffic (–P 0 by default).
▪ The iPerf on Server side has to be launched before the iPerf on Client
side.
NOTE: Protocol Measurement Charts (PMC) CMWmars tool gives NR throughput at

PHY / MAC / RLC layers:

9.2 UDP Throughput

For DL UDP, what CMquares displays in iPerf results does not bring much added
value as per UDP design since Tester plays the role of the Client.
Focus will then be given to iPerf results on the DUT side (Server).
When testing, if UDP throughput is found limited per thread, more than one iPerf
instance will have to be launched from both client and server and with different port for
each thread.
On Tester side, iPerf instances can easily be launched from WebGUI.
On DUT side, iPerf android applications (e.g. Magic iPerf) do not provide the capability
to run more than one iPerf instances. NOTE: only one instance of the same android
application can be launched.
Therefore, iPerf instances will have to be run from different shell / command prompts
(on PC via adb – to avoid USB tethering – or directly from the DUT via e.g. “Terminal
Emulator for Android” application).
Procedure to run iPerf commands via adb:
1. Install adb on PC
2. Set the DUT to Developer mode (multiple taps on build number in settings),
enable USB debugging, “always allow USB debugging” when popped up and
reboot it.
3. From PC (adb repository):
 adb devices (to make sure device is seen)
 adb push iperf_2_0_13a /data/local/tmp/iperf
 adb shell chmod 755 /data/local/tmp/iperf
 adb shell /data/local/tmp/iperf –s –u –i 1 –p 5011 (/5012/5013/5014
from different prompts)
NOTE: Launching adb commands might conflict with Scrpy / Vysor so you might have
to relaunch the application later if required.
Settings:
ı RLC AM (Acknowledge Mode); similar results found with RLC UM
(Unacknowledged Mode) though.
ı iPerf settings
▪ On Tester (CMsquares/XLAPI), iPerf settings (equivalent to iperf -c
172.22.1.100 –u –b 350M –i 1 –p 5011 (/5012/5013/5014)):
▪ Application / Type: iPerf2

▪ Direction: client (-c)

▪ Server IP address: 172.22.1.100 (DUT)
▪ UDP bandwidth (-b) = 350 Mbps (per thread) here. NOTE: it depends on
maximum bandwidth the DUT supports per thread and the number of
threads you wish to launch (4 here, hence an expected total averaged
throughput of 1.4 Gbps).
▪ Interval (-i) = 1 s
▪ Port (-p) = 5011 (for iPerf instance 1) / 5012 (for iPerf instance 2) / 5013
(for iPerf instance 3) / 5014 (for iPerf instance 4).
Optional:
▪ UDP socket buffer size (-w) = 256 kB by default here (but uses the OS
default socket buffer size). NOTE: you may wish to extend it (to e.g. 4
MB for default UDP payload) to avoid packet loss but not too much to
avoid increased delay…
▪ Buffer length (-l) = 1470 bytes by default for UDP – datagram size / UDP
payload. NOTE: maximum datagram size = default Ethernet MTU of
1500 bytes – IPv4 header of 20 bytes – UDP header of 8 bytes = 1472
bytes. This parameter may be used to set jumbo frames (9 kB MTU).
However, increasing it can lead to fragmentation…
▪ On DUT: iperf –s –u –i 1 -p 5011 (/5012/5013/5014)
CMsquares:

DUT:
iPerf instance 1:
iPerf instance 2:

iPerf instance 3:
iPerf instance 4:

NOTE: Protocol Measurement Charts (PMC) CMWmars tool shows NR throughput at

RLC layer of about 1.4 Gbps average, as expected:

COMP ANY RESTRICTED Conclusion
10 Conclusion
ı Testing results reveal NR maximum data throughput can be reached OTA with
TS7124M.
ı Results also show throughput KPI can be evaluated even when DUT is in near
field region.
ı TS7124M is well suited for Signaling Procedure verification and Throughput
testing.
ı As a reminder, please find here below the best setup found for smartphone testing
with:
▪ Vivaldi antenna type, position and orientation
▪ DUT position and orientation
20
13
13

COMP ANY RESTRICTED Conclusion
ı You may also test with other DUT types like laptop, there is enough room in
TS7124M for that.
ı If best performance for laptop is not achieved with the above setup, please refer to
other setups described in Appendix E.
ı Few troubleshooting tips:
▪ make sure significant external RF attenuation is set
▪ if BLER is higher than expected, increase DL power
▪ change one parameter at a time for first evaluation
ı If interested in controlling remotely the opening of the shielded box, you might
wish to consider the TS7124AS variant instead, more details in Appendix I.

COMP ANY RESTRICTED User Manuals and Tools
11 User Manuals and Tools
[1] CMX500 User Manual

https://gloris.rohde-schwarz.com/file/CMX500_Base_UserManual_V4-0-
1_en_01.pdf
[2] TS7124M (Manual drawer opening) User Manual
https://scdn.rohde-
schwarz.com/ur/pws/dl_downloads/dl_common_library/dl_manuals/gb_1/t/ts7124
_1/TS7124M_UserManual_en_04.pdf
[3] iPerf
https://iperf.fr/
[4] Scrcpy
https://github.com/Genymobile/scrcpy/releases
[5] Vysor
https://www.vysor.io/
[6] Magic iPerf
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.nextdoordeveloper.miperf.mipe
rf&hl=fr
[7] ADB
https://developer.android.com/studio/releases/platform-tools
[8] ADB User Guide
https://developer.android.com/studio/command-line/adb

COMP ANY RESTRICTED Ordering Information
12 Ordering Information
Here below is an example of a basic TS7124M configuration you may start with:
Designation Type Order Number Quantity

RF shielded box, manual version, RF4 x N, TS7124M 1525.8564.12 1
with 2 x front feedthroughs
Absorber kit TS-F24ABS 1525.8593.02 1

Half antenna ring, with 3 built-in TS-F24-V1 TS-F24-AH3 1530.5999.02 1
Vivaldi antennas
Antenna holder, with a built-in TS-F24-V1 TS-F24-AH2 1525.8893.12 1

Vivaldi antenna
UBS 2.0 filtered feedthrough TS-F24FU1 1525.8735.02 1

DUT holder TS-F24P1 1525.8664.02 1
If DUT is not a smartphone but a laptop, the following option is recommended:
Designation Type Order Number Quantity

Power filter (100V to 240 V AC) TS-F24FAC1 1526.4840.02 1
To get access to all provided options, you may refer to TS7124M product brochure:
https://scdn.rohde-
schwarz.com/ur/pws/dl_downloads/dl_common_library/dl_brochures_and_datasheets/
pdf_1/TS7124M_bro_3607-3839-12_v0200.pdf

Appendix
A Appendix A: RF Shielded Box R&S®TS7124M
specifications
Parameter Value
Frequency Range 300 MHz to 6 GHz
Shielding effectiveness > 80 dB at 6 GHz
Standard feedthroughs 4 x N (outside) to SMA (inside) RF connectors
Operating Temperature Range +5 °C to +40 °C
Dimensions (W × H × D) Outer: 450 mm × 400 mm × 480 mm

Inner: 300 mm × 334 mm × 355 mm
Weight approx. 35 kg
B Appendix B: Vivaldi antenna R&S®TS-F24-V1
specifications
Parameter Value
Frequency Range 700 MHz to 14 GHz
VSWR (reflection coefficient) < 3.5 (at 0.7 to 1 GHz)

< 2 (at 1 to 14 GHz)
Gain -4 to 6 dBi (at 0.7 to 2.7 GHz)
6 to 8 dBi (at 2.7 to 14 GHz)
Max. Input Power 30 dBm (1 W)
Impedance 50 Ω
Polarization linear (nom.)
Connector SMP (male)
Dimensions (W x H x D) 120 mm x 100 mm x 7 mm
Source: https://www.comsol.com/blogs/vivaldi-antenna-design-analysis/
C Appendix C: Free Space Pathloss Equation
Free Space Path Loss equation (from Friis formula):
d = Distance between the antennas

f = Frequency
G (Tx) = Gain of the Transmitting Antenna.
G (Rx) = Gain of the Receiving Antenna.
c = Speed of light in vacuum (Meters per Second)
Please note this equation is only valid in Far Field region, region the DUT is most
probably not in (Appendix D for details)…
However, here below the FSPL to give an idea, if we apply it here to the following
Setups:
SETUP D (cm) FSPL (dB)

2.14 GHz (LTE B1) 3.5 GHz (NR N78)
Setup 1 6 8.6 12.9
17 17.7 21.9
Setup 2 20 19.1 23.3
30 22.6 26.9
With:
D: distance between DUT and Vivaldi Antenna, Dmin and Dmax.
Tx Gain = 6 dB (roughly, based on Vivaldi antenna specification)
Rx Gain = 0 (assumed since unknown)
D Appendix D: Near Field & Far Field Distance
considerations
When a signal from a transmitter is applied to an antenna, it sends out electromagnetic

(EM) waves into free space. The EM field characteristics vary as a function of distance
from the antenna, which leads to two regions:
▪ Near Field (NF) region
▪ Far Field (FF) region
Near Field region: close to the antenna. EM fields are somewhat unpredictable so no
measurements are usually made in this region, further divided in two parts:
ı Reactive Near Field: electric E-field and magnetic H-field are 90 degrees out of
phase with each other (reactive). Reminder: to radiate (propagate), E/H fields
need to be orthogonal and in phase with each other.
ı Radiative Near Field (also known as "Fresnel Region"): EM fields start to
transition from reactive to radiating fields. However, the shape of the radiation
pattern still varies with distance.
Far Field Region (also known as "Fraunhofer region"): far from the antenna. E and H-
fields are orthogonal to each other and to the direction of propagation as with plane
waves.
Antennas are usually used to transfer signals at large distances which are considered
to be in the far-field region. One condition that must be met when making
measurements in the far field region is that the distance from the antenna must be
much greater than the size of the antenna and the wavelength.
D: maximum linear dimension of the antenna.
λ: wavelength of EM wave
Here:
Vivaldi antenna size (D) = 12 cm
2.14 GHz (LTE B1) 3.5 GHz (NR N78)

Reactive Near Field < 7 cm < 9 cm
Radiating Near Field 7 cm < x < 20 cm 9 cm < x < 33 cm
Far Field > 20 cm > 33 cm
DUT size (Black Box assumption) = 17 cm
2.14 GHz (LTE B1) 3.5 GHz (NR N78)

Reactive Near Field < 12 cm < 15 cm
Radiating Near Field 12 cm < x < 41 cm 15 cm < x < 67 cm
Far Field > 41 cm > 67 cm
Lowest distance between DUT and Vivaldi antenna:

▪ is 6 cm (worst case) with SETUP 1
▪ is 20 cm (worst case) with SETUP 2
Therefore, depending on setup and Vivaldi antenna position, we can even be in
reactive near field!
E Appendix E: Details of other tested TS7124M SETUPs
SETUP 2
This setup configuration allows the DUT to get the farthest position from Vivaldi
Antennas to attempt to be in Far Field area (Appendix D for details).
Same considerations as SETUP 1 must be taken into account excepting:
▪ the DUT holder tray is removed from the front door
▪ a half antenna ring is recommended
In order to place the DUT directly at the bottom of the TS7124.
SETUP 3
This setup configuration improves polarization diversity by placing the Vivaldi Antennas
located on the top middle rail 90° apart.
The DUT is placed at the bottom of the TS7124.
SETUP 3a
Same antenna positions as SETUP 1, i.e.:
▪ 6 & 20 on top middle rail
▪ 13 on side rails
SETUP 3b
"Widest" possible antenna positioning in SETUP 3 configuration, with following
antenna positions:
SETUP 3c
This setup is a variant of SETUP 3 with a R&S®TS-F24-V3 Cross-Polarized Vivaldi
Antenna V3 (1.7 - 20 GHz) on the top middle rail (position 13).
Its frequency range does not go as low as R&S®TS-F24-V1 (0.7 - 14 GHz) so could be
an issue, depending on the band used.
SETUP 4
This setup configuration improves polarization diversity by placing pairs of Vivaldi
Antennas 90° apart (same as for SETUP 3a) and the DUT on the tray (same as for
SETUP 1).
SETUP 5
This setup configuration requires a full antenna ring.
It further improves polarization diversity by placing all 4 Vivaldi Antennas 90° apart (2
on top rails, 2 on bottom rails) and placing the DUT on the tray (as for SETUP 1).
However, 2 Vivaldi antennas, placed at the bottom, will then face the DUT screen…
Vivaldi antenna position: 13.
SETUP 6
This setup configuration uses 2 x R&S®TS-F24-V3 Cross-Polarized Vivaldi Antenna
V3 (1.7 - 20 GHz) placed on the top side rails and the DUT on the tray.
F Appendix F: Results of other tested TS7124M SETUPs
SETUP 2 - DUT Position 1

Default Total NR Cell Power (i.e. -44.8 dBm):
MCS Index NR BLER (%) Actual NR Scheduled NR

(Mbps) (Mbps)
15 0 806 806
16 0 882 882
17 0.1 937 938
18 0.2 1011 1012
19 0.2 1063 1065
20 0.5 1113 1118
21 21.8 894 1144
22 100 0 1223
23 100 0 1298
24 100 0 1377
25 100 0 1429
26 100 0 1481
27 100 0 1534
Total NR Cell Max MCS index NR BLER (%) Actual NR

Power (dBm) w/in Target BLER Throughput
(Gbps)
-40 23 0.2 1.29
-35 24 0.2 1.37
-34* 24 0.2 1.37
(*) no NR attach over this power value.
Other way: by keeping the Total NR Cell Power to default value (-44.8 dBm), one
varies the RF external attenuation:
External RF Max MCS index NR BLER (%) Actual NR

Attenuation (dB) w/in Target BLER Throughput
(Gbps)
15 12 0.2 0.62
20 18 0.2 1.0
25 20 0.5 1.1
30 23 0.2 1.3
35* 24 0.2 1.4
Default Total NR Cell Power (i.e. -44.8 dBm) - SETUP 3a configuration:

(Mbps) (Mbps)
15 0 806 806
16 0 882 882
17 0 938 938
18 0 1012 1012
19 0 1065 1065
20 0 1118 1118
21 0 1144 1144
22 0.1 1221 1223
23 0.2 1295 1298
24 26.4 1011 1377
25 100 0 1429
26 100 0 1481
27 100 0 1534

(Gbps)
-40 26 0.2 1.48
-35 27 0.1 1.53
-34* 27 0.1 1.53
By getting both Vivaldi antennas as close as possible (positions 8 & 18), performance
degrades:

(Gbps)
-34* 26 0.3 1.48
By getting both Vivaldi antennas further apart (SETUP 3b), performance degrades:

(Gbps)
-35* 26 0.1 1.48
With following antenna positions:

By placing a cross-polarized Vivaldi antenna on the top middle-rail (SETUP 3c),
performance further degrades:

(Gbps)
-35* 21 0.2 1.14
With following antenna positions:

▪ 13 on top middle rail


(Mbps) (Mbps)
15 0 806 806
16 0 882 882
17 0 938 938
18 0 1012 1012
19 0 1065 1065
20 0 1118 1118
21 0 1144 1144
22 0 1223 1223
23 0 1298 1298
24 0 1377 1377
25 0 1429 1429
26 0.2 1480 1481
27 11.5 1360 1534

(Gbps)
-40 27 0.1 1.53
-38 27 0.1 1.53
-36 27 0 1.53

(Mbps) (Mbps)
15 0 806 806
16 0 882 882
17 0 938 938
18 0 1012 1012
19 0 1065 1065
20 0 1118 1118
21 0 1144 1144
22 0.1 1222 1223
23 0.2 1295 1298
24 6.5 1287 1377
25 99 14 1429
26 100 0 1481
27 100 0 1534

(Gbps)
-42 25 0.3 1.42
-41 25 0.3 1.42
-39 26 0.7 1.47
-38* 26 0.5 1.47
Default Total NR Cell Power (i.e. -44.8 dBm) - SETUP 6 configuration:

(Mbps) (Mbps)
15 0 806 806
16 0 882 882
17 0 938 938
18 0 1010 1010
19 0 1070 1070
20 0.1 1120 1120
21 0.1 1140 1140
22 0.2 1220 1220
23 0.2 1300 1300
24 0.9 1360 1380
25 62.7 531 1430
26 100 0 1480
27 100 0 1530

(Gbps)
-35 26 0.1 1.48
-34* 26 0.1 1.48
G Appendix G: FORUM
Right now, WebGUI does not provide the capability to set any external RF attenuation
value, and so has to be set either via XLAPI or SCPI script.
FORUM is a free-of-charge SW provided by R&S that allows to send SCPI commands.
1. Download FORUM from:
https://scdn.rohde-
schwarz.com/ur/pws/dl_downloads/dl_application/application_notes/1ma196/RS_
Forum_Setup_Win_3_3_6.exe
Details from: https://www.rohde-schwarz.com/au/applications/using-r-s-forum-
application-for-instrument-remote-control-application-note_56280-50946.html
2. Set equipment via FORUM:
3. Launch script with below content via FORUM to set 25 dB attenuation:

cmw=cmwc
cmw.write("*RST")
cmw.ask("*IDN?")
pathLossTableMainExist =
cmw.ask("CONF:BASE:FDC:CTABle:EXISt? 'pathLossTableMain'")
if pathLossTableMainExist:
cmw.write("CONFigure:BASE:FDCorrection:CTABle:DELete
'pathLossTableMain'")
pathLossTableDivExist = cmw.ask("CONF:BASE:FDC:CTABle:EXISt?
'pathLossTableDiv'")
if pathLossTableDivExist:
cmw.write("CONFigure:BASE:FDCorrection:CTABle:DELete
'pathLossTableDiv'")
cmw.write("CONFigure:BASE:FDCorrection:CTABle:CREate
'pathLossTableMain', 700000000 , 25, 5500000000 , 25")
cmw.write("CONFigure:BASE:FDCorrection:CTABle:CREate
'pathLossTableDiv', 700000000 , 25, 5500000000 , 25")
TX_connectorsMain = ['R14C','R24C']
RX_connectorsMain = ['R14C','R24C']
TX_connectorsDiv =
['R11C','R13C','R12C','R21C','R23C','R22C']
RX_connectorsDiv =
['R11C','R13C','R12C','R21C','R23C','R22C']
for tx_conn in TX_connectorsMain:

cmw.write("CONFigure:FDCorrection:ACTivate "+tx_conn+",
'pathLossTableMain', TX")
for rx_conn in RX_connectorsMain:

cmw.write("CONFigure:FDCorrection:ACTivate "+rx_conn+",
'pathLossTableMain', RX")
for tx_conn in TX_connectorsDiv:

cmw.write("CONFigure:FDCorrection:ACTivate "+tx_conn+",
'pathLossTableDiv', TX")
for rx_conn in RX_connectorsDiv:

cmw.write("CONFigure:FDCorrection:ACTivate "+rx_conn+",
'pathLossTableDiv', RX")
CAUTION: each reset via CMsquares will remove those attenuation settings.
H Appendix H: LTE 256QAM MCS Table
As per 3GPP TS 36.213, UE is not expected to receive a PDSCH with a modulation

order of 256QAM unless configured with altCQI-Table-r12 in RRC Reconfiguration
message.
If present, the table 7.1.7.1-1A should be followed by the UE.
I Appendix I : TS7124AS
R&S also provides a variant of the TS7124M: the TS7124AS, which provides an
automatic drawer opening thanks to a compressor connected to it.
It is intended more for production rather than R&D, hence why we referred to TS7124M
through the current document.
Besides a different opening (automatic vs manual), the ceiling is screwed in the
TS7124AS (rather than clipped on the TS7124M) as per the picture below.
However, both shielded boxes have similar specifications.

More details may be found from its dedicated User Manual (https://scdn.rohde-
schwarz.com/ur/pws/dl_downloads/dl_common_library/dl_manuals/gb_1/t/ts7124_1/T
S7124AS_UserManual_en_06.pdf).
Glossary
A
ADB: Android Debug Bridge
B
BLER: Block Error Rate
C
CC: Component Carrier
CMW500: Wideband Radio Communication Tester
CMX500: 5G NR Radio Communication Tester
CMWC: CMW500 Controller
CQI: Channel Quality Indicator
CSI: Channel State Information
D
DL: Downlink
DMRS: Demodulation Reference Signal
DUT: Device Under Test
F
FF: Far Field
I
IPERF: Internet Performance Working Group
K
KPI: Key Performance Indicator
M
MIMO: Multiple Input Multiple Output
MCS: Modulation Coding Scheme
MSS: Maximum Segment Size
MTU: Maximum Transmission Unit
N
NA: Not Applicable
NF: Near Field
NR: (5G) New Radio
O
OH: Overhead
OTA: Over The Air / over-the-air
P
PC: Personal Computer
PDU: Protocol Data Unit
Q
Qm: Modulation Order
R
RS: Reference Signal
RSRP: Reference Signal Received Power
RB: Resource Block
RF: Radio Frequency
S
SSB: Synchronization Signal Block
T
TCP: Transmission Control Protocol
TM: Transmission Mode
TS: Time Slot
U
U-FL: Series-name of a particular RF connector, made by Hirose
UDP: User Datagram Protocol
UL: Uplink
Rohde & Schwarz Regional contact
The Rohde & Schwarz electronics group offers Europe, Africa, Middle East
innovative solutions in the following business fields: +49 89 4129 12345
test and measurement, broadcast and media, secure customersupport@rohde-schwarz.com
communications, cybersecurity, radiomonitoring and
North America
radiolocation. Founded more than 80 years ago, this
1 888 TEST RSA (1 888 837 87 72)
independent company has an extensive sales and customer.support@rsa.rohde-schwarz.com
service network and is present in more than 70
countries. Latin America
+1 410 910 79 88
The electronics group is among the world market
customersupport.la@rohde-schwarz.com
leaders in its established business fields. The
company is headquartered in Munich, Germany. It Asia Pacific
also has regional headquarters in Singapore and +65 65 13 04 88
Columbia, Maryland, USA, to manage its operations customersupport.asia@rohde-schwarz.com
in these regions.
China
+86 800 810 82 28 |+86 400 650 58 96
customersupport.china@rohde-schwarz.com
Sustainable product design

ı Environmental compatibility and eco-footprint
ı Energy efficiency and low emissions
ı Longevity and optimized total cost of ownership
This application note and the supplied programs

may only be used subject to the conditions of use
set forth in the download area of the Rohde &
PAD-T-M: 3573.7380.02/03.00/EN
Schwarz website.
Version 01.00 | R&S®5G NR FR1 OTA
R&S® is a registered trademark of Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co.

KG; Trade names are trademarks of the owners.
Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG

Mühldorfstraße 15 | 81671 Munich, Germany
Phone + 49 89 4129 - 0 | Fax + 49 89 4129 – 13777
www.rohde-schwarz.com

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COMP ANY RESTRICTED

3 Needed Equipment ............................................................................. 9

4 TS7124M Setup ................................................................................. 13

5 System Settings ................................................................................ 18

6 Results with low insertion loss combiner ...................................... 20

01.00 Rohde & Schwarz 5G NR FR1 OTA 2

6.1 Summary .....................................................................................................................20

7 Results with Z24 combiners for LTE SISO + NR MIMO 4x4........... 24

8 Results with Z24 combiners for NSA MIMO 4x4 ............................ 25

9 NR Throughput at IP level ................................................................ 27

11 User Manuals and Tools................................................................... 38

12 Ordering Information ........................................................................ 39

01.00 Rohde & Schwarz 5G NR FR1 OTA 3

01.00 Rohde & Schwarz 5G NR FR1 OTA 4

2.1.1 Aggregated component carriers

Here, a single carrier is considered (j=1).

2.1.2 MIMO layers

Here, MIMO4x4 is evaluated (v=4) with TS7124M.

2.1.3 Modulation Order and MCS

01.00 Rohde & Schwarz 5G NR FR1 OTA 5

ı MCS table 2 should be considered if MCS-Table is set to 'qam256'

2.1.4 Scaling Factor

A scaling factor (f) can be set to 1, 0.8, 0.75 or 0.4.

Value depends on the type of coding (3GPP TS 38.212).

2.1.6 Physical Resource Block and Bandwidth

Number of Physical Resource Blocks (PRB) depends on allocated bandwidth (BW).

Numerology (µ) defines subcarrier spacing (SCS):

2.1.8 Symbol duration (Ts)

Symbol duration (Ts) is defined as follows:

2.1.9 Overhead (OH)

For FR1 DL, overhead (OH) equals 0.14.

01.00 Rohde & Schwarz 5G NR FR1 OTA 6

2.2 Other Parameters

2.2.1 Time Slots

Optimized Time Slots (TS) configuration for DL throughput should be 8 DL slots / 1 F

PDSCH de-modulation Reference Signal (DMRS) is a downlink physical signal used

Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS) is a downlink physical signal

01.00 Rohde & Schwarz 5G NR FR1 OTA 7

2.3 Expected Maximum NR Throughput

01.00 Rohde & Schwarz 5G NR FR1 OTA 8

► 1 x CMX500 Radio Communication Tester (5G NR Extension)

► 1 x CMW Controller (CMWC) - if more than one CMW500 is used (Extended

► N x 5G-ready CMW500 Wireless Communication Tester (here N = 2)

01.00 Rohde & Schwarz 5G NR FR1 OTA 9

► 1 x TS7124M RF Shielded Box

► 1x USB feedthrough R&S®TS-F24FU1 for DUT control, mounted either on the

► 4 x Vivaldi Antennas R&S®TS-F24-V1 and antenna holders R&S®TS-F24-AH2

01.00 Rohde & Schwarz 5G NR FR1 OTA 10

► 1 x full antenna ring R&S®TS-24-AR or half antenna ring R&S®TS-24-AH1

01.00 Rohde & Schwarz 5G NR FR1 OTA 11

01.00 Rohde & Schwarz 5G NR FR1 OTA 12

4.1.1 Between TS7124M and CMW500s

Path TS7124M Z24 Combiner NR LTE

Main RF 1 TOP-AC TOP-A1 RF4COM TOP-A2 RF4COM

01.00 Rohde & Schwarz 5G NR FR1 OTA 13

Z24 Combiner specifications

4.1.2 Between TS7124M and Vivaldi Antennas

1. Unclip the ceiling of the TS7124M

3. Mount the antenna ring inside the chamber

01.00 Rohde & Schwarz 5G NR FR1 OTA 14

4.2 Vivaldi antenna position details

01.00 Rohde & Schwarz 5G NR FR1 OTA 15

Vivaldi antennas RF connectors