3.

2 Elevator

An elevator as known as lift is a type of vertical transportation device that moves people or
goods between floors (levels, decks) of a building, vessel, or other structure. Refer to UBBL
(Uniform Building by Laws), lift shall be provided for non-residential building which
exceeds 4 stories or above with a maximum distance 45m to the lift lobby. Since Sunway
Pyramid is a commercial building (shopping mall) and the population of the building is
relatively high, the elevator system became an important component to the building to control
the flow rate. Based on our observation, there is an average of 8 elevators.
The elevators in Sunway Pyramid can be classified into two types which are hydraulic
elevator and electric elevator. Hydraulic elevator located at the Ice-skating Zone whereas the
else is electric elevators.
Hydraulic elevator

A hydraulic elevator consists of cylinder or fluid motor that uses hydraulic power to facilitate
mechanical operation. The mechanical motion gives an output in terms of linear, rotatory or
oscillatory motion.

Section View Front View

Interior View Load Capacity

The hydraulic lift in Sunway Pyramid is located at the Ice-skating labelled with number 2 on
each floor. The brand for this lift is KONE and it can carry 20 persons up to 1350kg. As we
measured, the door opening or closing time is 4.5 seconds
Operation of Hydraulic System

Hydraulic systems are made up of numerous parts:

 The reservoir holds hydraulic fluid.

 The hydraulic pump moves the liquid through the system and converts mechanical
energy and motion into hydraulic fluid power.
 The electric motor powers the hydraulic pump.
 The valves control the flow of the liquid and relieve excessive pressure from the
system if needed.
 The hydraulic cylinder converts the hydraulic energy back into mechanical energy.
Electric Lift

Electric lift is widely used in all zone of Sunway Pyramid except for the ice-skating zone
apply hydraulic lift.

Illustration 1:

Electric Lift at Blue Zone Arrangement of Lift

The brand for this electric lift is KONE and

they are arranged in a row at the lobby. These
are 4-door lift with single speed centre-
opening which can carry 30 persons up to
2000kg. The door opening or closing time is 4
seconds.

Load Capacity
Illustration 2:

Electric Lift at Orange Zone Load Capacity

Another illustration of electric lift is located at Orange Zone but the brand, number and the
load capacity of lift are different. The brand for this electric lift at Orange Zone is OTIS and
the load capacity is 2000kg. The door opening and closing time is 3 seconds. They are also
arranged in a row but only have 2 lifts instead of 4 lifts. This is because the flow rate or
population of occupants at this site is not as high as the previous site.

Notes:
During our site visitation, we found that some of the electric lifts have their own access to
certain floors only. This is because the administration of Sunway Pyramid wants to accelerate
the passenger transfer time to satisfy comfort of occupants and to suit the traffic flow.  

Illustration 3:

Arrangement of Electric Lift at Parenthood Load Capacity

Zone

From our observation, we found out that Sunway Pyramid has utilized three brands of lift
system. KONE, OTIS and the last one is THYSSENKRUPP which is being applied at
Parenthood Zone. There are five cars arranged face to face and the load capacity is 24
persons up to 1635kg. The door opening and closing time is 8 seconds. This is the longest
waiting time we found as this lift is being applied to the Sunway Hotels.

Operation of Electric Lift

The electric lift system works with the counterweight, this to achieve the balance of the
system. The electric motor allows the upward and downward movement through the guides
vertically fixed rails, with their security systems that allow stop and regulate the speed of it.
PROS AND CONS OF HYDRAULIC AND ELECTRICAL ELEVATOR SYSTEM

TYPE OF PROS CONS

ELEVATOR

Hydraulic 1. High actuating forces 1. Distance to the source of

2. High stroking velocities are energy is limited
possible 2. Tubing is required for
3. Outages of the auxiliary transmission of the
energy do not prevent actuating power, implying
reaching of safe position additional leakage risk
(accumulator) 3. Costly control
4. High stability 4. Considerable maintenance
requirements

Electric 1. Large distance to the source 1. Lager actuating forces

of energy is no problem
2. Accessories and parts are
standard supplies
interlocking of signals
3. Large actuating force easy to
achieve
4. Remote control
monitoring functions can be
implemented easily
difficult to achieve
2. Limited stroking velocity
Easy 3. Explosion proofing costlier
in comparison to hydraulic
elevator
4. Reaching of safe position in
and case of auxiliary energy
outages must be ensured by
additional measures
5. High maintenance costs

Lift Component
Guidance to Lift Floor Selection Buttons and Emergency
Call Buttons

Call Button Call Button (Standing)

Landing Lantern: Indicate the direction of lift

https://instrumentationtools.com/difference-between-pneumatic-electrical-hydraulic-actuators/