CMCA

RELATED LEARNING EXPERIENCE

MIDTERM
PERIOD
2ND YEAR- SECOND SEM

[TRANS] RLE: INTRAVENOUS THERAPY

OUTLINE
I Introduction to IV Therapy
i What Do IV solutions consist of?
ii Components of IV Solutions
iii Plan C

II Phlebitis and Infiltration

i Comparison

III Variety of Ways for Implementing IV therapy

IV IV Computation for Regulation SALINE IV BOTTLE

INTRODUCTION TO IV THERAPY
• Indications for IV therapy
o To provide water, electrolytes, and nutrients to meet
daily requirements
o To replace water and correct electrolyte deficits
o To administer medications and blood products

WHAT DO IV SOLUTIONS CONSIST OF? LACTATED RINGERS

IV solutions contain:
• Dextrose or electrolytes mixed in various proportions with
water
• Can electrolyte-free water can be administered by IV?
o NOO! it rapidly enters red blood cells and causes them
to rupture.

IV SOLUTIONS
• There are several types of IV fluids
• type of fluid used selected according to the client and the
reason for its use COMPONENTS OF IV SOLUTIONS
• IV solutions are clearly labeled with the exact components • D5W- each 100 mL of solution contains 5 g dextrose
and amount of solution • D5W/0.9NS - solution contains 5 g of dextrose & 0.9 g (or
• IV solutions orders – often written with abbreviations 900 mg) of NaCl per 100 mL solution
• D5W/0.45NS - solution contains 5 g of dextrose & 0.45 g
REMEMBER THE ABBREVIATIONS! (or 450 mg) of NaCl per 100 mL solution
• “D” is for dextrose
• “W” is for water
• “S” is for saline
• “NS” is for normal saline
• Ringer lactate (lactated Ringer)- commonly used
electrolyte solution
o abbreviated “RL” or “LR”

DEXTROSE IV BOTTLE

PHLEBITIS AND INFILTRATION

• Phlebitis: inflammation of a vein
o Signs & symptoms of phlebitis
▪ redness, swelling, pain, and edema at the
insertion site and/or along the vein
o Treatment - removal of catheter & application of warm
soaks
• Infiltration: venipuncture device is dislodged from the vein
o S & S:
NORMAL SALINE IV BOTTLE ▪ local edema
▪ skin blanching
BANEZ, RENCEL HOPE B | BSN-2A 1
 TRANS: INTRAVENOUS THERAPY

▪ skin coolness Answer:

▪ leakage at the puncture site Gtts = 1000mL x 20
▪ Pain & feelings of Tightness min 8hrsx60mins
▪ blanching at the site = 20000/480
▪ absent backflow of blood = 41.67
o Treatment: = 41-42 gtts/min
▪ DISCONTINUE THE iv & MONITOR SITE

COMPARISON

PHLEBITIS INFILTRATION
redness Edema
Swelling Skin blanching
Pain and edema at the Skin coolness
insertion site/ and or along Leakage at the puncture site
the vein Absent backflow of blood

VARIETY OF WAYS FOR IMPLEMENTING IV

THERAPY

IV COMPUTATION FOR REGULATION

Mgtts/gtts = total volume in mL x drop factor

min total time in hours x 60 mins
• Compute:
o D5LR1L x 8�0� using 15 and 20 drop factors

▪ 15 drop factor
Answer:
Gtts = 1000mL x 15
min 8hrsx60mins
= 15000/480
= 31.25
= 31-32 gtts/min

▪ 20 drop factor

BANEZ, RENCEL HOPE B | BSN-2A 2

 TRANS: INTRAVENOUS THERAPY

BANEZ, RENCEL HOPE B | BSN-2A 3