Métodos de Explotación

Superficial

Expositor: ING. Kemper Portocarrero

ImproMining
Improvement in mining industry
Perú – Chile - Australia
 TIPOS DE MÉTODOS DE EXPLOTACIÓN
SUPERFICIAL

1. Explotación por Destape (Strip Mining)

2. Explotación por Canteras (Quarry Mining)

3. Explotación Aluvial (Alluvial Mining)

4. Explotación a Tajo Abierto (Open Pit)

 Explotación por Canteras (Quarry Mining)
Quarry mining is a term often applied to either mining of dimension stone or aggregate
(Morrison and Russell, 1973). It is preferable, however, to restrict this term to production
of dimension stone only (Hartman, 1987).
The products of quarries are prismatic blocks of rock such as marble, granite, limestone,
sandstone, slate, etc., that are useful for primary construction of buildings and monuments
or decorative facing materials for the exterior or interior of buildings.
Quarries normally have benches with vertical faces ranging from a few feet (meters) to 200
ft (60 m) in height. The overall depth of a quarry may be as much as 1000 ft (300 m).
Material is removed in a highly selective manner using time-consuming and expensive
methods for freeing the blocks from the surrounding formation. Production from individual
quarries is relatively small compared to other surface mining methods but has
a high average product value of $114/ton ($126/t) (Hartman, 1987).
Explotación por Canteras (Quarry Mining)
 Explotación por Canteras (Quarry Mining)

There are four major operations in quarrying: overburden removal, cutting,

splitting, and handling stone. Overburden is loosened by ripping or blasting
and then removed by dragline, scraper, or front-end loaders. Occasionally,
the deposit is cleaned by hydraulic monitors. Once the surface is cleared, an
opening cut or slot is produced across the quarry width. This slot provides an
additional free face which facilitates removal of subsequent blocks until the
first lift, extending across the entire width and length of the quarry, has been
removed or until sufficient room has been produced to remove another key
block initiating the second lift (Morrison and Russell, 1973; Power, 1975).
Explotación por Canteras (Quarry Mining)

En esta vista se aprecian las diferentes bancadas desde donde se extraen las
tortas (tiras grandes de mármol) para su posterior división en bloques. El
marrón emperador que ofrece esta cantera es de gran calidad, y muy
demandado tanto en el sector nacional como internacional.
Explotación por Canteras (Quarry Mining)