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Question-1 (7 Marks)
Choose from the following list of substances to answer the questions that follow. Each substance may

be used once, more than once or not at all

 Dichlorodifluoromethane
 Chlorine dioxide, ClO2
 Magnesium oxide
 Hydrazine, N2H4
 Propane
 Cobalt oxide
 Benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid
 Silicon carbide
 Pentadecane, C15H32

a) Which is responsible for giving the color we see in a certain type of blue-violet colored glass?

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b) Which is used to make sand paper?

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c) Which is a component in fuel for aircraft?

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d) Which is used to make materials with a very high melting points to line the inner walls of
furnaces like the Blast furnace?

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e) Which is used to make polyesters?

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f) Which substance was a major reason for the rise in skin cancer cases?

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g) Which can be found in Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) cylinders in Bangladesh?

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Question-2: Bonding and Structure (11 Marks)

a) For each of the following substances correctly state the type of structure present (6)

C28 Disulfur Gallium(III)

Butane-1,2-diol Silicon dioxide Palladium
fullerene dichloride oxide

Boron Nitride is a compound that is said to be polymorphic which means it is a compound that can exist
in multiple crystalline structures. Its two forms - Hexagonal Boron Nitride (h-BN) and Cubic Boron
Nitride (c-BN) - are widely used in many industrial applications such as cutting tools, laser printers,
lubricant in sniper rifles, ceramics and even in makeup items such as foundation creams and eye shadow.

b) Suggest whether c-BN has a high melting point. Explain why. (2)

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c) Which form do you think is used in sniper rifles? Explain why (3)

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Question-3: Solubility & Crystallization (6 Marks)

The above graph shows the solubilities of 3 different solids in water. When a solid dissolves in water the
change is reversible which is what allows us to make salts from aqueous solutions using crystallization.
The dissolving of a solid in water leads to an enthalpy change. The equation for this change may be
represented as:
Solute ⇌ Solution

a) When Solid A dissolves is the change endothermic or exothermic? Explain why (2)

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b) Suggest why the solubility of Solid C stays the same. Explain in terms of enthalpy change. (1)

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c) What mass of Solid B is required to saturate 100g of water at 70 OC? ……………………………………………. (1)

d) What mass of crystals would form if a saturated solution of Solid A containing 100g of water is

cooled from 90 OC to 30 OC? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. (1)

e) What would you see if we added if we added 120g of Solid A into 200g of water at 60 OC? (1)

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Question-4: Chromatography (5 Marks)

Sometimes two or more components in a mixture can have similar Rf values in a particular solvent. This
means that their spots on the paper chromatogram will overlap and separation will be poor. This is when
two-way chromatography is useful. In this technique, paper chromatography is carried out as normal
but then the chromatogram produced is rotated by 90° and re-run in a different solvent. It is unlikely that
the Rf values will coincide in two different solvents, so separation takes place.

The following shows a chromatogram obtained from such an experiment. The spots have been labelled.

D E F

a) Which spot that travelled the furthest in solvent 2? ……………………………..……………. (1)

b) Which spot(s) were not separated in solvent 1? ……………………………..……………. (1)

c) Which spot is very soluble in solvent 2 but not very soluble in solvent 1? …..……………. (1)

d) Which spot is very soluble in both solvents? ……………………………..……………. (1)

e) Which spot in insoluble in solvent 2? ……………………………..……………. (1)

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Question-5: Equilibrium (8 Marks)

Methane hydrate crystals are found under the ocean floors on
earth where the temperature is very low and the pressure is
very high. They are also found in the outer regions of the Solar
System where temperatures are very low. It is claimed that
these crystals may contain the largest reservoirs of methane in
the world and could potentially be used as a fuel. These
crystals exist in an equilibrium that may be represented by the
following equation:

CH4 (g) + 6 H2O (l) ⇌ CH4.6H2O (s)

The above reaction is exothermic in the forward direction.

a) Why are scientists concerned about Methane as an atmospheric pollutant? (1)

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b) If the temperatures in the oceans increase, these crystals might be responsible for accelerating
global warming. Explain in terms of equilibrium why there is this concern (2)

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c) How do the high pressures present deep in the oceans help to form these crystals? (2)

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d) In your opinion do you think using these crystals as a source of fuel is a good idea? Explain in terms
of the effects on the environment. (3)

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Question-6: Organic Chemistry (13 Marks)

A

Step-2 + Br2(l)

Dodecane Step-1 But-1-ene Step-3

B
C12H26 C4H8 Addition
polymerization

Step-4

Butan-1-ol
C4H9OH

Step-5 + Acidified KMnO4

Heat under reflux
D

Step-7 Step-9
E C G
+ MgCO3(s) + Ethanol
+ Conc H2SO4

a) Write the names of the following organic compounds: (7)

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B: ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

C: ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

D: ..……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

E: ..……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

F: ..……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

G: ..……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

b) State the reagents & conditions needed for the following reactions: (5)

Step 1 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Step 2 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

c) Suggest why in Step 4 the amount of butan-1-ol produced is lower than expected. (1)

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