CRT/CRS/QA-7/MIXTURES&ALIGATIONS

5x 4 y 3x 7 y
1. A mixture of 20 kg of spirit and water contains 10% Then + = 252 ; + = 161
water. How much water must be added to this mixture 8 11 8 11
to raise the percentage of water to 25%? By solving two equations x=392; y=22.
a. 6 b. 2 c. 4 d. 2.5 e. None of these Ans: c
Sol: water in 20 kg of spirit is 10%=2 kg.
Let x kg of water be added to the mixture. 6. One alloy contains 60% of gold; another contains
2+ x 80% of gold. A new alloy is made of 2 parts of the first
Now water percentage is × 100 = 25 to 3 parts of the second. How much percent of the
20 + x mixture is gold?
X=4 kg. a.50% b. 60% c. 72%
Ans: c d.80% e. None of these
Sol: Here we have two quantities and their
2. A shopkeeper mixes 80 kg of sugar worth Rs. 6.75 mixtures so we can apply method of cross
per kg with 120 kg of sugar worth Rs. 8 per kg. At what difference. Let mixture contains x% of gold.
rate should be mixture be sold to get a profit of 20%?
a. 10 b. 9 c. 12 d. 7.5 e. None of these gold gold
Sol: Cost of 80kg sugar=80×6.75=540 60 80
Cost of 120kg sugar =120×8=960 Mixture
Cot of 200 kg mixture is Rs. 1500; Profit is 20% of x
cost price is 300. 80-x x-60
S.P of one kg sugar is 1800/200=Rs.9 Ratio of 1st and 2nd metals in mixture is 2:3
Ans: b So 80-x:x-60=2:3; Then x=72%
Ans:c
3. The average salary per head of all the employees in a
section is Rs. 190. The average salary of 15 officers is 7. A shopkeeper buys 40 kg of superior tea at Rs. 12.50
1050 and the average salary per head of rest is Rs. 170. and mixes the same with 60 kg of an inferior quality. If
Find the total number of employees. the mixture so produced is now worth Rs. 11 per kg,
a. 645 b. 660 c. 860 find the cost of the inferior quality mixed with superior
d. Cannot say e. None of these quality?
Sol: Here we have two quantities and their a. Rs. 10 b. Rs. 12 c. Rs. 13
mixtures so we can apply method of cross d. Cannot say e. None of these
difference. Sol: Here we have two quantities and their
mixtures so we can apply method of cross
Officers Remaining difference. Let the cost of inferior tea is Rs.x.
1050 170
total Inferior Superior
190 x 12.5
20 860 Mixture
Ratio of officers to remaining staff is 1:43 11
Total staff is 15+645=660. 1.5 11-x
Ratio of two teas is 1.5:11-x=3:2
4. Two jars containing respectively 6 and 10 liters and Then x=Rs.10
filled with mixture of alcohol and water. In the smaller Ans: a
jar 75% of mixture is water and in the larger jar 75% of
the mixture is alcohol. The jars are emptied into an 18 8. Two vessels A and B are filled with dilute sulfuric acid
liters cask which is filled up with water. What is the (i.e., mixture of sulfuric acid and water) Vessel A has
percentage of water in the cask? the ratio of acid and water in 1: 2, while the vessel B
a. 60% b. 40% c. 50% has the ratio of acid and water in 3: 1. To prepare 5
d. Cannot say e. None of these liters mixture of dilute sulfuric acid containing equal
Sol: Water in first jar is 4.5leter amount of acid and water, what amount of mixtures
Water in second jar is 2.5leter from both the vessels A and B should be taken?
Water poured to fill the cask is 2leter. a. 2 liter and 3 liter b. 3 liter and 2 liter
Total water in cask is 9leters is 50% c. 1 liter and 4 liter d. 4 liter and 1 liter.
Ans: c e. None of these
Sol: Here we have two quantities and their
5. Two metals A and B are to be used for making two mixtures so we can apply method of cross
different alloys. There are only 253 tons of A and 161 difference. When ratios are given we should take
tons of B. If the ratio by weight of A to B in the first part of any one in the two quantities to apply MCD.
alloy is 5:3 and that in the second is 4:7. Find what
weight of each alloy must be produced so that no metal Acid in A Acid in B
will be left over? 1/3 3/4
a. 200, 214 b. 300, 114 c. 392, 22 Acid in mixture
d. Cannot say e. None of these 1/2
Sol: Let x, y tones each alloy is prepared ¼ 1/6
respectively. Ratio of liquids drawn from each jar is 3:2
In 1st alloy A=5x/8; B=3x/8 Ans: b
In 2nd alloy A=4y/11; B=7y/11
CRT/CRS/QA-7/MIXTURES&ALIGATIONS
9. An alloy contains 24% of tin by weight. How much Sol: To gain 25% he has to increase the milk
more tin must be added to 100 kg of the alloy so that quantity 25%. So he has to mix 250 ml of water to
the percentage of tin may be doubled. (Find the nearest 1000ml of milk.
value) So percentage of water in the mixture is
a. 40 kg b. 25 kg c. 46 kg 250
d. Cannot say e. None of these × 100 = 20%
Sol: Tin in 100kg alloy is 24kg. 1250
Let xkg of tin be added to alloy to become the Ans: a
percentage of tin double.
24 + x 14. Mira’s expenditure and savings are in the ratio 3:2.
Then × 100 = 48 Her Income increased by 10%. Her expenditure also
100 + x increases by 12%. By how much % does her savings
X=46 kg increase?
Ans: c a. 7% b. 10% c. 9%
d. 13% e. None of these
10. A vessel contains 180 gallons of wine 60 gallons are Sol: Here we have two quantities and their
taken out of the vessel every day and an equal quantity mixtures so we can apply method of cross
of water is put in. Find how much wine is left in the difference. Let her savings increase x%.
vessel after 3 days.
a. 61 ¼ g b. 59 2/3 g c. 53 1/3 g Expenditure savings
d. Cannot say e. None of these 12 x
n Income
x− y 10
Sol: Remaining liquid is   ×x 10-x 2
 x  Ratio of Expenditure and savings is 10-x:2=3:2
3 Then x=7
 180 − 60  Ans: a
=  × 180
 180  15. Two vessels contain mixtures of juice and water in
=53 1/3 g the ratio 8:3 and 5:1. In what ratio must liquid be
Ans: c drawn from each vessel to give a mixture in the ratio
4:1?
11. A merchant buys two kinds of tea, one at Rs. 7.90 a. 5:6 b. 6:11 c. 11:24
per kg and the other at Rs. 6.0 per kg. He mixes the d. Cannot say e. None of these
two kinds in such a way that the mixture is worth Rs. Sol: Here we have two quantities and their
6.85 per kg. Find the proportion of the mixture. mixtures so we can apply method of cross
a. 17:16 b. 17:25 c. 15:17 difference. When ratios are given we should take
d. 25:17 e. None of these part of any one in the two quantities to apply MCD.
Sol: Here we have two quantities and their
mixtures so we can apply method of cross Juice in A Juice in B
difference. 8/11 5/6
Juice in mixture
1st type 2nd type 4/5
7.9 6 1/30 4/55
Mixture Ratio of liquids drawn from each jar is 11:24
6.85 Ans: c
0.85 1.05
Ratio of two teas is 85:105=17:21 16. A merchant has 50 kg of sugar, part of which he
Ans: e sells at 10% profit and the rest at 20% profit. He gains
16% on the whole. The quantity sold at 20% profit is
12. Three identical vessels contain the mixture of sprit a. 20 kg b. 30 kg c. 15 kg
and water. The ratio of sprit and water in each glass is d. 35 kg e. None of these
2: 3, 3: 4 and 4: 5 respectively. The mixture of all the Sol: Here we have two quantities and their
three vessels is poured into a big pot. The ratio of sprit mixtures so we can apply method of cross
and water in the new mixture is difference.
a. 401/544 b. 27/37 c. 19/37
d. 13/37 e. None of these 1st part 2nd part
Sol: Spirit parts in three vessels are 2/5, 3/7, 4/9. 10 20
Water parts in three vessels are 3/5, 4/7, 5/9. Mixture
Ratio of spirit and water in mixture of all three 16
2 3 4 3 4 5 4 6
vessels is + + : + + =401:544 Ratio of two parts is 2:3. So the part which sold at
5 7 9 5 7 9 20% profit is 30kg.
Ans: a Ans: b

13. A dishonest milkman professes to sell his milk at 17. A lump of two metals weighing 20 g is worth Rs.
Cost Price, but he mixes it with water, thereby gaining 112 but if their weights be interchanged, it would be
25%. The percentage of water in the mixture is worth Rs. 108. If the price of one metal is Rs. 6, find
a. 20 b. 25 c. 30 the weight of the other metal in the mixture.
d. Cannot say e. None of these a. 6 b. 8 c. 12
CRT/CRS/QA-7/MIXTURES&ALIGATIONS
d. Cannot say e. None of these
Sol: Metal-1 Metal-2
Weights x 20-x
Cost y 6
Total cost of lump is xy+6(20-x)=112
Cost after interchanging weights is
y(20-x)+6x=108
By solving both x=8
Ans: b

18. A Tonga and horse together cost Rs. 1500. The

horse was sold at a profit of 20% and the Tonga at a
profit of 30%. If the profit on the whole be 26% find
the cost price of the Tonga.
a. 600 b. 800 c. 900
d. Cannot say e. None of these
Sol: Here we have two quantities and their
mixtures so we can apply method of cross
difference.

Horse Tonga
20 30
Total
26
4 6
Ratio of costs of horse and Tonga is 2:3
Then cost price of Tonga is 900.
Ans: c

19. A and B are two different alloy of gold and silver

having the two metals in the ratio 7: 2 and 7: 1
respectively. If equal quantities of both the alloys are
mixed to prepare a third alloy C, then the proportion of
gold and silver in C is
a. 112: 15 b. 117: 25 c. 115: 12
d. 119:25 e. None of these
Sol: in one part of alloy a gold and silver are 7/9,
2/9 respectively.
In one part of alloy B gold and silver are 7/8, 1/8
respectively.
In the mixture of A and B ratio of gold and silver is
7 7 2 1
+ : + = 119 : 25
9 8 9 8