CORRECTIONS:

SHIPS
SEAS
MOUNTAINS

ES:
BUFFALOES
MANGOES
BOXES

VES
CALVES -calf
KNIVES
WOLVES
WIVES

SNOW WHITE AND SEVEN DWARFS:

CLIFF CLIFFS
DWARFS
ROOF ROOFS

TOOTH TEETH
GEESE
MEN
WOMEN
FEET

EN:
CHILD -> CHILDREN  childrens X
OX OXEN

COMPOUND WORDS:
MOTHER
LAW
IN

MOTHER IN LAW  SAAS

MOTHERS IN LAW

BROTHERS IN LAW

MAN SERVANT  MEN SERVANTS

DATUM  DATA
MEDIUM  MEDIA
CRITERION  CRITERIA
PHENOMENON  PHENOMENA

SCENERY
POETRY
INFORMATION
FURNITURE
ADVICE (PIECES OF )

HE WROTE GOOD POETRIES

MATHEMATICS
STATISTICS

MATHS
MATH

COLLECTIVE NOUNS:
A GIRL IS
10 GIRLS ARE

GROUP IS
CLASS IS
ARMY IS
DEPARTMENT IS
COMMITTEE IS

EXCEPTIONS:
ARE
POULTY ARE
CATTLE ARE
CLOTHES ARE
POLICE ARE
GENTRY ARE
PEOPLE ARE

PEOPLES? (MANY NATIONS)

BROTHER 
BROTHERS (BLOOD LINE)
BRETHREN (MEMBERS OF A SAME SOCIETY)

CLOTH:
CLOTHS (UNSTITCHED)
CLOTHES (STITCHED)

100 MILE RACE

A 10 RUPEE NOTE
10 FOOT LONG SNAKE
Let’s take a 10 minute break

TIME / DISTANCE / AMOUNT

THE SCENERIES OF KASHMIR ARE BEAUTIFUL.

MY FRIEND’S BROTHER’S WIFE DELIVERED A BABY.
THE WIFE OF MY FRIEND’S BROTHER ..

WE ENJOYED A TWO MILES WALK.

TWO MILE

RULE OF PRONOUNS:
NOUNS
NOUNS ARE SINGULAR
EITHER/OR
NEITHER/ NOR

EITHER ALI OR AHMAD FORGOT TO BRING HIS/their BOOK

EITHER SAIMA OR SANA HAS/have DONE IT.

NEITHER JAMAL NOR KHALID DID HIS/their WORK

2. EITHER THE MASTERS OR THE SERVANT FAILED TO DO his/THEIR

DUTY.
PLURALS ALWAYS DOMINATE

NEITHER ALI NOR HIS FRIENDS HAVE WRITTEN THEIR BOOK

THEY, WE, YOU

WE
YOU
THEY

I, YOU, HE/ SHE/ IT

YOU, HE/SHE/IT , I

YOU, THEY, I

I FIRST (ULTAY KAAM)

ALL WORKERS MUST BRING THEIR TOOLS

Everyone should do one’s work.

EVERYONE SHOUKD DO ONE’S OWN WORK.

EVERY GIRL MUST DO HER JOB

2 NOUNS - SINGULAR
JOINED BY “AND”

EACH & EVERY

EVERY GIRL IS DOING ------ JOB

EVERY GIRL AND EVERY BOY MUST BE DECENT IN HIS /HER

BEHAVIOUR.

EACH BOY AND EACH GIRL DID HER/HIS WORK.

THE COLLECTOR AND MAGISTRATE HAS DONE HIS JOB

THE COLLECTOR AND THE MAGISTRATE HAVE DONE THEIR JOB

COMPARISON:

OBJECTIVE PRONOUNS:
HIM
HER
HIS
US
ME
YOU
THEM
SUBJECTIVE PRONOUNS:
HE
SHE
WE
I
THEY
YOU (PREFERRED)
NAMES (3RD PERSON)

I AM WISER THAN HE (IS)

HE IS MORE INTELLIGENT THAN SHE (IS)
THEY ARE SMARTER THAN WE (ARE).

EXTRA PRONOUNS:
THE BOY BEING A GOOD STUDENT, HE STANDS FIRST IN CLASS.

EITHER & ANY:

EITHER FOR 2
ANY FOR MANY

EACH OTHER / ONE ANOTHER:

THEY WRESTLED WITH EACH OTHER. (2)
THE CHILDREN LOVE ONE ANOTHER. (MORE THAN 2)

RELATIVE PRONOUN (WHO/ THAT/WHICH)

MUST AS CLOSE TO THE ANTECEDENT AS POSSIBLE.

THIS BOY IS VERY ACTIVE WHO LOVES IN LAHORE.

THIS BOY, WHO LIVES IN LAHORE, IS VERY ACTIVE.

ARMY IS
JURY IS

THE JURY GAVE ITS JUDGEMENT IN HIS FAVOUR.

THE JURY WERE DIVIDED IN THEIR OPINION.

1:30
WHO/ WHICH
WHO = LIVING
WHICH = NON- LIVING/ANIMALS

HE IS THE ONE WHO DID IT

THE GOAT WHICH HAS BROWN FUR IS MINE.

WHALE
ELEPHANT
LION

WHOSE:
JIS KA
JIS KI
JIS KAY

I KNOW A MAN WHOSE SON STOOD FIRST IN

CLASS
THIS IS A TABLE WHOSE LEGS ARE BROKEN.

INDEFINITE PRONOUN:
ONE
ONE MUST NOT BE SO BUSY THAT ONE DOES
NOT DO ALL THE WORK ASSIGNED TO ONE.\

REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS:
ONESELF
YOURSELF
HIMSELF
HERSELF
THEMSELVES

PRONOUN + REF. PRONOUN MUST NEVER

COME TOGETHER.
I, MYSELF OPENED THE GATE XXXX
I OPENED THE gate MYSELF

NEVER START YOUR SENTENCE

MYSELF SASSI MALIK.

NEITHER ALI NOR HIS BROTHER ----- GONE TO

COLLEGE

EVERYONE OF HIS CHILDREN ---- GOOD

HE IS MORE INTELLIGENT THAN ME

I AM TALLER THAN SHE (IS)

EVERY GIRL AND EVERY BOY MUST DO ---- WORK

ME AND YOU MUST OBEY ORDERS

THE SERVANT BEING A HARD WORKING PERSON,

HE IS ELIGIBLE FOR WORK.

THIS MAN WHICH WAS CAUGHT RED HANDED

RAN AWAY.
USE OF ADJECTIVES:

FEW= COUNTABLE

Few , a few , the few

FEW: (NEGATIVE)
HE HAS READ FEW BOOKS OF SYDNEY

A FEW: (POSITIVE- SOME COUNTABLE NUMBER

EXISTS):

I HAVE A FEW RUPEES.

THE FEW : (TOTAL – OUT OF THAT SPECIFIC TOTAL

)

HE HAS READ THE FEW BOOKS OF SYDNEY THAT

HE HAS AT HIS PLACE.

LITTLE: - UNCOUNTABLE

LITTLE: NEGATIVE
THERE IS LITTLE HOPE FOR RECOVERY

A LITTLE:
THERE IS A LITTLE HOPE FOR RECOVERY

THE LITTLE:
HE HAS SOLD THE LITTLE GOLD HE HAD.
HE HAS GIVEN UP THE LITTLE HOPE HE HAD.

SOME/ ANY:
HE HAS BOUGHT SOME WATER

HE HAS NOT BOUGHT ANY GOLD

1. TAKE ANY PEN YOU LIKE

2. HE HAS NOT eaten ANY BREAD
3. DO YOU HAVE ANY BREAD

SUCCESS OF A BRILLIANT STUDENT. (CORRECT)

BRILLIANT SUCCESS OF A STUDENT.

FIGURATIVE
NO LIVING MAN COULD BELIEVE IT
NO MAN LIVING COULD BELIEVE IT.

EACH / EVERY:
TWENTY SOLDIERS, EACH HAD A GUN

EVERY STUDENT HAS A BOOK

LATER : I WILL SEE YOU LATER

LATTER : FORMER & LATTER
ALI AND AMNA WERE ABOUT TO COME, NOW
ONLY LATTER IS COMING (AMNA)

ALI AND AMNA WERE ABOUT TO COME, NOW

ONLY FORMER IS COMING (ALI)

LATEST : IPHONE 12
LAST : HE STOOD LAST IN CLASS

WORD BY WORD XXX

WORD FOR WORD
LESS & FEWER:
I DRINK LESS WATER (UNCOUNTABLE- QUANTITY)

FARTHER (DISTANCE) MY HOUSE IS FARTHER

THAN SCHOOL

FURTHER :

NEAREST (DISTANCE)
PC IS THE NEAREST HOTEL TO MY HOUSE

NEXT:
HE IS SITTING NEXT TO ME

OLDER (UNKNOWN – NOT RELATIVES)

ELDER (RELATIVES ELDER)

ELDEST (BEHN BHAI SUB SE BARA)

OLDEST (UNKNOWN AGE SUB SE BARA)

ELDER TO
OLDER THAN
USE OF MANY A:
A FLOWER: 1 FLOWER
MANY FLOWERS – MORE THAN FLOWERS

MANY X A (1) = MANY  PLURAL

MANY A FLOWER IS IN A GARDEN (BOHT SARAY

PHOOL GARDEN MEIN HEIN)

MANY X ( A STUDENT IS IN THE CLASS)

MANY A FLOWER IS IN THE GARDEN

I AM FEELING EXCELLENT WELL XX

-LY SUFFIX
I AM FEELING EXCELLENTLY WELL.

I AM FEELING TERRIBLY SORRY.