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Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 114 (2014) 262 – 264

4th World Conference on Psychology, Counselling and Guidance WCPCG-2013

The Relationship Between Spirituality In The Workplace And

Organizational Citizenship Behavior
Somayeh Ahmadi a, Yaghoob Nami b*, Rasoul Barvarz c
a
MA in Educatiional administration, Shiraz Branch, IA University,Shiraz,Iran
b
MA in Educatiional Research, Kalaleh Branch ,Payamnoor University,Golestan,Iran
c
MA in Educatiional Research, Sari Branch ,IA University,Sari,Iran

Abstract

Spirituality in the workplace, including new valves which opened in organizational behaviour and each day will attract more
fans. One of the challenges in our organizations is Organizational Citizenship Behavior. The OCB is a kind of thinking and ideas.
Their diverse staffs includes behaviours such as acceptance and to assume additional responsibilities, Follow the rules and
procedures of the organization, Maintain and develop positive attitudes, Patience and tolerance is dissatisfaction and problems at
work. Based on the theories and organizational theories, organizational citizenship behaviour, organizational effectiveness and
efficiency through the development of resources, innovation and adaptability that helps. A sample size of 248 patients was
determined from high school students. Two questionnaire collected information on workplace spirituality and organizational
citizenship behaviour. Simple regression and multiple regression analysis of the test data and the data obtained were analysed.
The results showed that there was relationship between spirituality in the workplace and organizational citizenship behaviour.

©
© 2013
2013 The
The Authors. Published by
Authors. Published by Elsevier
ElsevierLtd.
Ltd.Open access under CC BY-NC-ND license.
Selection
Selection and
and peer-review under responsibility
peer-review under responsibilityofofAcademic
Prof. Dr. Tülay
World Bozkurt,
EducationIstanbul KulturCenter.
and Research University, Turkey
Keywords: Spertuality,workplace,organizational,citizenship,behaviour;

1. Introduction

Organizational citizenship behaviour ideas includes a variety of behaviours, such as employees, acceptance and
assuming additional responsibilities, adherence of rules and procedures of the organization, maintaining and
developing a positive attitude, and tolerance of work dissatisfaction and problems in conclusion. Based on the
theories and organizational theories, organizational citizenship behaviour helps organizational effectiveness and
efficiency through the development of resources, innovation and adaptability (Gholam Hosseini and colleagues,
2009). The Panel considered the term spirituality in terms of time and it is more popular in the literature, it had
already infiltrated all areas of management and organizational studies lack of scale, clear procedures, variations in
interpretation and perception of spirituality in organizations has created (Rastegar, 2006). Territory of management
and organization, both theoretically and in terms of science, spirituality has been recently affected by a powerful
force that, if properly managed and be supported and guided ,It leads to the deepest capacity for collaboration, not
only in professional fields, but it has to be a perfect human incidence (Neil, Rastegar, 2006). Burack (1999) defines
the spirituality in three concepts: Growth and development of spiritual growth, mental, interpersonal problem

*
Corresponding name:Yaghoob Nami. Tel.: +98-911-272-5023
E-mail address: ynami1354@gmail.com

1877-0428 © 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Open access under CC BY-NC-ND license.
Selection and peer-review under responsibility of Academic World Education and Research Center.
doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.12.695
 Somayeh Ahmadi et al. / Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 114 (2014) 262 – 264 263

solving, and learning and personal development tools is important, Spiritual makes satisfaction of individual
requirements specially sense of satisfaction. Organisational culture, policy and business planning will be
strengthened along with other factors. Sensitive and interested individuals (employees) in all methods should be
used. Burack (1999), Wong (2003) also defines several attributes for spirituality in workplace:1. Define ourselves as
one of the intrinsic values beyond positions and Finance.2. Proof of concept and purpose despite the absurdity and
anarchy .3. Emphasis authenticity, inner wisdom, creativity and transformation.4. Dimension of the transcendent,
holy and true immaterial.5. Having to do any work, service, leadership behavior.6. Embody the values of integrity,
honesty, love, kindness and respect.7. Emphasis on social responsibility toward society and environment.8.
Spirituality and God as the foundation of moral and ethical decision making (Wong, 2003).Spirituality in the
workplace is not related to any particular religion or religious system . Replacing the employees who know their
spiritual beings The work required to feed their soul and a sense of purpose and meaningful work experience (Rego
& Cunha , 2008). Spirituality in workplace Firstly is a complex structural polymorphism and, secondly, the concept
is very personal and subjective (Wong, 2003). Batman and organ (1983) first used the organizational citizenship
behaviour term, and it is considered as good practices New issue of organizational citizenship behaviour on
organizational behaviour issues whose importance in growing as a good corporate citizen is an ideas It includes a
variety of behaviours such as compliance staff and to undertake additional responsibilities, adherence to rules and
procedures of the organization, maintaining and developing a positive attitude, patience theories on the basis of And
handle grievances and problems in organization theory, organizational behaviour, organizational citizenship course
organized competition and practice, as well as the efficiency and effectiveness of organizations through resource
development, innovation and adaptability that helps (Podsakoff and Mackenzie , 2000). According to the
discussions and to consider the role of organizational citizenship behaviour is a learned behaviour. And it doesn't
pay attention to the material aspects of voluntary behaviour. Spirituality workplace seems to be effective in
development and promotion of such practices have In this research, the researcher is seeking to use the concepts of
the relationship between two variables spirituality in workplace and organizational citizenship behaviours, high
school teachers in Jahrom city .

2. Methodology

2.1. Research design

This study is correlation.

2.1.1. participants
The study sample size was determined by Cochran's method, which has about 248 members and cluster random
sampling method.

2.1.1.1. Instruments

In this study, field data collection by combining two methods, depending on the type of questionnaire .scale models
were based on the Likert scale.
A) Inventory of spirituality workplace and Kinjerski Skrypnek (2006) with 18 items (questions) and 4 aspects.
B) Organizational citizenship behaviour scale Podsakoff (2000) The Scale Model Organ (1988) by Podsakoff (2000)
has been developed which contains 24 items which are used in 5 aspects.

3.1.2. Reliability and validity of the research instrument

A) Validity: Spirituality in workplace Questionnaire correlation coefficient of %80 and %82 after the OCB
questionnaire conducted on a sample of 45 people was reported.
B) Reliability: Cronbach's alpha coefficient questionnaires on workplace spirituality and organizational
citizenship behaviour by Azizi (2009) reported %89 and %83, respectively, indicating a high reliability.
3.1.3. Method of data analysis
264 Somayeh Ahmadi et al. / Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 114 (2014) 262 – 264

Data was transferred to a computer using SPSS software Use this software to analyse, T test and simple
regression and multiple stepwise method was used.
Main Question; is there relation between workplace spirituality and organizational citizenship behaviour?

3. Results

Table1.correlation and T test

Correlation T sig
1. Working interest (cognitive) .049 .762 .447
2. Sense of solidarity .036 .559 .577
3. Experience perfectionist .112 1.761 .080
4. Spiritual connection .098 .854 .475

4. Discussion
Correlation coefficient between organizational citizenship behaviour and spirituality in workplace, equal to
./195.Would be proves 3/8 percent of the variation in organizational citizenship behaviour by level of spirituality
workplace, the model explained significance level of 0/05 null hypothesis is rejected on other words, we can say
between organizational citizenship behaviour and spirituality in workplace, there is a significant linear relationship
The results confirm the hypothesis presented in previous chapter is concluded the relationship between spirituality in
workplace and organizational citizenship behaviour, there is a meaningful logical relation.
Results, the results of Samereh shojaee (2009), M. Fattahi (2006), cultural and colleagues (2006), Maryam
Jaryanpoor (2009), L. Azizi (2009), Liu (2008), Fahey (2007) and Sanders and others (2003) is consistent if.

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