You are on page 1of 5

Available online at www.sciencedirect.

com

ScienceDirect
Procedia CIRP 57 (2016) 265 – 269

WK&,53&RQIHUHQFHRQ0DQXIDFWXULQJ6\VWHPV &,53&06 

0DQDJHPHQWDQGSODQQLQJRIWRROVPDLQWHQDQFHDFWLYLWLHVLQD
PHWDOZRUNLQJ
&53LUHVDE ,6/RSHVD-$2OLYHLUDD
 
D
$/*25,70,5HVHDUFK&HQWUH8QLYHUVLW\RI0LQKR&DPSXVGH$]XUpP*XLPDUmHV3RUWXJDO
E
&$7,0±&HQWURGH$SRLR7HFQROyJLFRj,QG~VWULD0HWDORPHFkQLFD5XDGRV3OiWDQRV3RUWR3RUWXJDO
&RUUHVSRQGLQJDXWKRU7HO  ID[  (PDLODGGUHVVFODXGLDSLUHV#FDWLPSW

$EVWUDFW

7KLVSDSHUSUHVHQWVDQRQJRLQJSURMHFWLQWKHPHWDOZRUNLQJVHFWLRQRIDFRPSDQ\WKDWSURGXFHVPHWDOSDUWVUHVSRQVLEOHIRUWKHGHYHORSPHQW
DQGPDLQWHQDQFHRISURGXFWLRQHTXLSPHQWWRROV$WRROLVFRPSRVHGRIVHYHUDOSDUWVRUSXQFKHVZKRVHIDLOXUHFDXVHVSURGXFWLRQVWRSSDJH
7KHSURMHFW
VPDLQJRDOLVWRPDNHWKHSODQQLQJDQGSURJUDPPLQJRIDFWLYLWLHVWREHSHUIRUPHGE\WKHVHFWLRQWREHPRUHHIILFLHQWDQGUHGXFH
SURGXFWLRQGRZQWLPH,QSDUWLFXODULWLVLQWHQGHGWKDWWKHPDLQWHQDQFHZRUNRQWKHWRROVEHFRPHVSUHYHQWLYHUDWKHUWKDQFRUUHFWLYH7KHILUVW
VWHS LQ WKH SURMHFW UHDOL]DWLRQ ZDV WR GHVLJQ GHYHORS DQG LPSOHPHQW D FRPSXWHU DSSOLFDWLRQ WR FROOHFW WKH GDWD QHHGHG WR SODQ SUHYHQWLYH
PDLQWHQDQFHDFWLRQVWRPRQLWRUWKHZRUNFDUULHGRXWE\WKHWHFKQLFDODUHDDQGWRGHWHUPLQHSHUIRUPDQFHLQGLFDWRUV
7KLVSDSHUSUHVHQWVWKHFRPSXWHUDSSOLFDWLRQDQGRXWOLQHVWKHPHWKRGRORJ\WREHDGRSWHGIRUVHWWLQJWKHIUHTXHQF\RISUHYHQWLYHUHSODFHPHQWRI
SDUWV ZKLFK FRQVLVWV RQ JURXSLQJ RI SDUWV RI WKH VDPH WRRO WR SURFHHG ZLWK JURXS UHSODFHPHQWV WKXV OLPLWLQJ WKH QXPEHU RI SURGXFWLRQ
VWRSSDJHV
7KHGHILQLWLRQRISDUWUHSODFHPHQWIUHTXHQF\ZLOODOORZSODQQLQJDQGVFKHGXOLQJWKHDFWLYLWLHVRIWKHPHWDOZRUNLQJLQFOXGLQJWKHGHYHORSPHQW
RI ZHDU SDUWV ZKRVH QHHG LV FDOFXODWHG EDVHG RQ WKH TXDQWLW\ RI SURGXFW XQLWV WR EH SURGXFHG WKH UHOLDELOLW\ RI WKH SDUW DQG WKH SUHYHQWLYH
UHSODFHPHQWVIUHTXHQF\
‹7KH$XWKRUV3XEOLVKHGE\(OVHYLHU%9
© 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
3HHUUHYLHZXQGHUUHVSRQVLELOLW\RI6FLHQWLILFFRPPLWWHHRIWKHWK&,53&RQIHUHQFHRQ0DQXIDFWXULQJ6\VWHPV &,53&06 
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the 49th CIRP Conference on Manufacturing Systems
.H\ZRUGV0DLQWHQDQFHPDQDJHPHQW0DLQWHQDQFHSODQQLQJPHWDOZRUNLQJ3UHYHQWLYHPDLQWHQDQFH


,QWURGXFWLRQ PDLQWHQDQFH DFWLYLWLHV UHTXLUHG IRU WKH SURSHU IXQFWLRQLQJ RI
HTXLSPHQW
 ,Q WKHVH RSHUDWLQJ FRQGLWLRQV SUHYHQWLYH PDLQWHQDQFH
3URGXFWLRQ V\VWHPV DUH IDFLQJ D GHPDQGLQJ DQG KLJKO\ DFWLRQV DUH VRPHWLPHV UHOHJDWHG WR VHFRQG SODFH DQG WKH
FRPSHWLWLYH PDUNHW 7KH ODFN RI SODQQLQJ DQG ULJRURXV RUJDQL]DWLRQ DFW UHDFWLYHO\ WR PLQLPL]H WKH HIIHFWRI IDLOXUHV
DSSOLFDWLRQ RI PDQDJHPHQW PHWKRGRORJLHV PD\ FRPSURPLVH 7KH GHOD\LQJ RI SUHYHQWLYH PDLQWHQDQFH FUHDWHV WKH LGHD RI
WKH HFRQRPLF DQG ILQDQFLDO KHDOWK RI LQGXVWULDO FRPSDQLHV ,W LQFUHDVLQJSURGXFWLRQ FDSDFLW\ LQ VKRUWWHUP DOWKRXJK LW ZLOO
LV FRPPRQ WKDW FRPSDQLHV RSHUDWH VROHO\ EDVHG RQ FHUWDLQO\LQFUHDVHFRVWVDQGUHGXFHWKHSURGXFWLRQFDSDFLW\LQ
FRPSOLDQFHZLWKGHOLYHU\WLPHVWRHQVXUHWKHVDWLVIDFWLRQDQG WKHPHGLXPDQGORQJWHUP7KHSURGXFWLRQFDSDFLW\ORVVPD\
OR\DOW\RILWVFXVWRPHUVVRPHWLPHVLQFUHDVLQJRSHUDWLQJFRVWV EH FRPSHQVDWHG E\ LQFUHDVLQJ RYHUWLPH DQG FRQVHTXHQWO\
GXHWRQRWLGHQWLI\LQJFULWLFDOVLWXDWLRQV ZLWKWKHLQFUHDVHLQRSHUDWLQJFRVWV7KHUHDFWLYHPDLQWHQDQFH
7KH DFFHSWDQFH RI HYHU VKRUWHU GHOLYHU\ WLPHV DQG RI UHTXLUHV WKH LQWHUUXSWLRQ RI RQJRLQJ ZRUN DQG WKH UHSDLUV
RUGHUVLQFUHDVLQJO\VPDOOLQRUGHUWRHQVXUHWKHVXUYLYDORIWKH TXDOLW\ PD\ EH OHVV WKDQ GHVLUHG DQG PD\ HYHQ FRPSURPLVH
FRPSDQ\ LQ WKH PDUNHW PHDQV VRPHWLPHV FRQGXFWLQJ WKHTXDOLW\RIWKHILQDOSURGXFW
RSHUDWLRQV ZLWKRXW DQ\ SULRU SODQQLQJ LQFOXGLQJ WKH

2212-8271 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the 49th CIRP Conference on Manufacturing Systems
doi:10.1016/j.procir.2016.11.046
266 C.R. Pires et al. / Procedia CIRP 57 (2016) 265 – 269

7KH SURMHFW GHVFULEHG LQ WKLV SDSHU LV GHYHORSLQJ LQ D x 6WHSPRGHOVHOHFWLRQ
FRPSDQ\ WKDW SURGXFHV PHWDO SDUWV DQG DLPV WR GHILQH WKH x 6WHSSDUDPHWHUHVWLPDWLRQ
SODQQLQJ DQG VFKHGXOLQJ RI PDLQWHQDQFH DFWLYLWLHV WR EH x 6WHSPRGHOYDOLGDWLRQ
SHUIRUPHG E\ WKH PHWDOZRUNLQJ LQ RUGHU WR LPSURYH WKHLU $FFRUGLQJWR>@WKHGDWDFROOHFWHGLQ6WHSDUHEDVLFGDWD
HIILFLHQF\7KHPHWDOZRUNLQJLVGHGLFDWHGWRWKHPDLQWHQDQFH FRQVLVWLQJ LQ WLPH EHWZHHQ IDLOXUH 7%)  IRU UHSDLUDEOH
RIWKHWRROVRISURGXFWLRQHTXLSPHQWDQGWKHGHYHORSPHQW RI V\VWHPV DQG WLPH WR IDLOXUH 77)  IRU QRQUHSDLUDEOH V\VWHP
FRPSRQHQWV IRU WKHVH WRROV ZKLFK ZHDU RYHU WLPH ZLWK WKH DOO IDFWRUV WKDW LQIOXHQFH UHOLDELOLW\ RI WKH V\VWHP VXFK DV
SURGXFWLRQRIPHWDOSDUWV7KHDSSURDFKLVHVVHQWLDOO\UHDFWLYH WHPSHUDWXUH GXVW KXPDQLW\ HWF  IDLOXUH PRGH DQG IDLOXUH
DQGGLFWDWHGE\WHFKQLFDOH[SHULHQFH PHFKDQLVP )DLOXUH GDWD FDQ EH FODVVLILHG DV FRPSOHWH DQG
6HYHUDO VWHSV IRU WKH UHDOL]DWLRQ RI WKH SURMHFW ZHUH FHQVRUHG GDWD ,Q FRPSOHWH GDWD WKH GDWH WKDW D V\VWHP LV
GHILQHG 7KH ILUVW FRQVLVWV LQ GHWHUPLQLQJ WKH SHULRGLFLW\ RI LQVWDOOHGDQGWKHGDWHWKDWLWLVIDLOHGDUHNQRZQDOORZLQJWKH
WKH FRPSRQHQWV UHSODFHPHQW WDNLQJ LQWR DFFRXQW WKH FDOFXODWLRQRIWKH77)RU7%))RUFHQVRUHGGDWDRQHRIWKHVH
GLVWULEXWLRQ RI WKHLU OLIHWLPHV ,Q WKLV SDSHU ZH GHVFULEH WKH GDWHV LV QRW NQRZQ )RU LQVWDQFH ZKHQ D QRQUHSDLUDEOH
ZRUN GRQH LQ WKLV ILUVW VWDJH ZKLFK LQFOXGHV WKH GHVLJQ DQG V\VWHP LV UHSODFHG EHIRUH LWV IDLOXUH WKH IDLOXUH GDWH LV QRW
LPSOHPHQWDWLRQRIDFRPSXWHUDSSOLFDWLRQIRUWKHFROOHFWLRQRI NQRZQ +RZHYHU FHQVRUHG GDWD LV DOVR XVHIXO VLQFH LW JLYHV
GDWDUHTXLUHGIRUWKHSODQQLQJRIPDLQWHQDQFHDFWLRQVDQGWKH LQIRUPDWLRQDERXWDWLPHZLWKRXWIDLOXUH
GHILQLWLRQ RI D PHWKRGRORJ\ IRU GHWHUPLQLQJ WKH SUHYHQWLYH )RU PRGHOLQJ WKH IDLOXUH WLPH RI QRQUHSDLUDEOH V\VWHP RU
UHSODFHPHQWLQWHUYDORIWKHFRPSRQHQWV WKH WLPH EHWZHHQ IDLOXUHV RI UHSDLUDEOH V\VWHP WKH WZR
(DFK FRPSRQHQW LV FRQVLGHUHG D QRQUHSDLUDEOH V\VWHP SDUDPHWHU:HLEXOOGLVWULEXWLRQKDVEHHQH[WHQVLYHO\XVHG>@
VLQFH LWV UHSDLU LQ RUGHU WR IXOILOO LWV IXQFWLRQ SURSHUO\ LV QRW $ ODUJH QXPEHU RI PRGHOV KDYH EHHQ GHULYHG IURP WKH WZR
DGYDQWDJHRXV IRU HFRQRPLF DQG WLPH UHDVRQV 7KHUHIRUH WKH SDUDPHWHU:HLEXOOGLVWULEXWLRQDQGDUHUHIHUUHGWRDV:HLEXOO
IDLOXUHWLPHVRIWKHVHFRPSRQHQWVDUHPRGHOHGE\SUREDELOLW\ PRGHOV 7KH\ H[KLELW D ZLGH UDQJH RI VKDSHV IRU WKH GHQVLW\
GLVWULEXWLRQVWKDWZLOOEHXVHGODWHULQWKHPDLQWHQDQFHPRGHO DQGKD]DUGIXQFWLRQVZKLFKPDNHVWKHPVXLWDEOHIRUPRGHOLQJ
XVHGWRGHWHUPLQHWKHIUHTXHQF\RIUHSODFHPHQW FRPSOH[IDLOXUHGDWDVHWV
7KLVSDSHULVRUJDQL]HGLQWRVL[VHFWLRQV7KHILUVWGHILQHV
WKHVFRSHDQGSURMHFWREMHFWLYHV7KHVHFRQGVHFWLRQSUHVHQWV 3DUWVUHSODFHPHQW
D OLWHUDWXUH UHYLHZ DERXW IDLOXUH WLPHV PRGHOLQJ DQG SDUWV
UHSODFHPHQWPRGHOV7KHSUREOHPDQGWKHVWHSVWRDFKLHYHWKH 7KH DJH UHSODFHPHQW SROLF\ DQG EORFN UHSODFHPHQW SROLF\
HVWDEOLVKHG REMHFWLYHV DUH H[SODLQHG XVLQJ ,'() PRGHOV DUHSRVVLEOHSROLFLHV IRUSDUWV UHSODFHPHQW>@,Q WKH
PHWKRGRORJ\ LQ WKH WKLUG VHFWLRQ 7KH IRXUWK VHFWLRQ DJH UHSODFHPHQW SROLF\ WKH SUHYHQWLYH UHSODFHPHQW RFFXUV
GHVFULEHVWKHGHYHORSHGFRPSXWHUDSSOLFDWLRQ,QVHFWLRQILYH DFFRUGLQJWRDGHILQHGDQGIL[HGDJHRIWKHV\VWHPRUZKHQD
WKHSURSRVHGPHWKRGRORJ\IRUWKHSODQQLQJRIPDLQWHQDQFHLV IDXOWRFFXUV,QWKHUHSODFHPHQWEORFNSROLF\WKHVXEVWLWXWLRQ
SUHVHQWHG7KHODVWVHFWLRQSUHVHQWVWKHFRQFOXVLRQVDQGSRLQWV RFFXUV DW UHJXODU WLPH LQWHUYDOV UHJDUGOHVV WKH DJH RU ZKHQ
RXWWKHIXWXUHZRUNVWKDWZLOOEHGHYHORSHG WKHIDLOXUHRFFXUV>@7KHEORFNUHSODFHPHQWSROLF\KDVEHHQ
 DSSOLHG WR RSWLPL]H UHSODFHPHQW LQWHUYDOV RI LGHQWLFDO
HTXLSPHQW SDUWV DQG WKH UHSODFHPHQW LQWHUYDO LV GHWHUPLQHG
/LWHUDWXUHUHYLHZ IRU DQ HQWLUH JURXS RI SDUWV >@ 7DOXNGHU DQG .QDSS >@
SURSRVHG D KHXULVWLF PHWKRG IRU JURXSLQJ HTXLSPHQW LQWR
'DWDJDWKHULQJDQGUHOLDELOLW\HVWLPDWLRQ EORFNV ZLWKLQ D VHULHV V\VWHP EDVHG RQ JURXS WHFKQRORJ\
FRQFHSWVLQRUGHUWRPLQLPL]HWKHWRWDOPDLQWHQDQFHFRVW
7KH ILUVW VWHS WR HVWDEOLVK DQ HIIHFWLYH SUHYHQWLYH $VUHIHUUHGE\.LPHWDO>@PRVWSUHYHQWLYHPDLQWHQDQFH
PDLQWHQDQFHSURJUDPLVWRGHFLGHWKHGDWDWREHJDWKHUHGDQG SODQVDUHEDVHGRQFRVWV+RZHYHUWKHUHDUHPRGHOVWKDWWDNH
WKHPHWKRGWRFROOHFWLW7KLVILUVWVWHSLQVRPHVLWXDWLRQZDV LQWR DFFRXQW RWKHU RSWLPL]DWLRQ FULWHULD DSDUW IURP WKH FRVWV
DOUHDG\ VWDUWHG LQ WKH SDVW DQG FRPSDQ\ KDV DOUHDG\ DQ DVWKHDYDLODELOLW\RIWKHV\VWHP>@
KLVWRULFDO UHFRUG +RZHYHU LQ WKLV FDVH VRPH DGMXVWPHQW 'DVHWDO>@SUHVHQWDFRPELQHGPXOWLREMHFWLYHPRGHOIRU
VKRXOGEHGRQHIUHTXHQWO\GXHWRODFNRIGDWDXQUHOLDELOLW\RI PDLQWHQDQFH SODQQLQJ LQ D FHOOXODU PDQXIDFWXULQJ
WKHUHFRUGHGGDWDRULQDGHTXDWHUHFRUGV HQYLURQPHQWZKHUHWKHSUHYHQWLYHPDLQWHQDQFHFRVWVDQGWKH
)RUPRGHOOLQJIDLOXUHWLPHVWZRGLIIHUHQWDSSURDFKHVKDYH SUREDELOLW\RIIDLOXUHRIHDFKV\VWHPDUHFRQVLGHUHGWRDFKLHYH
EHHQXVHG>@ D EDODQFH EHWZHHQ WKH WZR FULWHULD 7KH GHYHORSHG PRGHO LV
x 7KHRU\EDVHGPRGHOOLQJZKHUHWKHPRGHOOLQJLVEDVHGRQ EDVHGRQWKHEORFNUHSODFHPHQWSROLF\
WKHHVWDEOLVKHGWKHRULHVIRUFRPSRQHQWIDLOXUHV7KLVNLQG 
RIPRGHOLVDOVRFDOOHGSK\VLFDOPRGHORUZKLWHER[PRGHO
x (PSLULFDOPRGHOOLQJZKHUHWKHIDLOXUHGDWDIRUPVWKHEDVLV 3URMHFWSKDVHV
IRUWKHPRGHOEXLOGLQJ7KLVNLQGRIPRGHOLVDOVRFDOOHG
GDWDGHSHQGHQWPRGHORUEODFNER[PRGHO $ W\SLFDO PDLQWHQDQFH SURFHVV PDQDJHPHQW V\VWHP
%DUDEDGL >@ SURSRVHG D PHWKRGRORJ\ ZLWK ILYH VWHSV IRU LQFOXGHV IRXU EDVLF VWDJHV 3HUIRUPDQFH ([DPLQDWLRQ
HPSLULFDOPRGHOOLQJ 0DLQWHQDQFH 3ODQQLQJ 0DLQWHQDQFH 6FKHGXOLQJ
x 6WHSFROOHFWLQJGDWD 0DLQWHQDQFH([HFXWLRQDQG)HHGEDFN
x 6WHSSUHOLPLQDU\DQDO\VLVRIGDWD 
C.R. Pires et al. / Procedia CIRP 57 (2016) 265 – 269 267

 $FWLYLW\ $ ,GHQWLI\ QHHGV  :LWK WKH NQRZOHGJH RI


,Q WKH RQJRLQJ SURMHFW LW LV LQWHQGHG WR VFKHGXOH WKH SURGXFWLRQ RUGHUV DVVRFLDWHG ZLWK SURGXFWLRQ WRROV DQG
PDLQWHQDQFH DFWLYLWLHVSHUIRUPHGE\ WKH PHWDOZRUNLQJ LQ WKH SURGXFWLRQ QHHGV RI SURWRW\SH WRROV DQG IURP SURFHGXUHV
SURGXFWLRQHTXLSPHQWWRROV VHHILJ 7KHUHIRUHILUVWRIDOO HVWDEOLVKHGIRUWKHPDQDJHPHQWRIPDLQWHQDQFHDFWLYLWLHVWKH
GDWD VKRXOG EH DQDO\]HG LQ RUGHU WR SODQ PDLQWHQDQFH QXPEHU RI WRRO FRPSRQHQWV QHHGHG WR PHHW GHPDQG ZLOO EH
DFWLYLWLHV 7KH PDLQWHQDQFH DFWLYLWLHV WR EH SHUIRUPHG E\ WKH LGHQWLI\WKURXJKWKHHVWLPDWLRQRIWKHLUUHOLDELOLW\
PHWDOZRUNLQJ DQG LWV UHVSHFWLYH IUHTXHQFLHV DUH EHLQJ $FWLYLW\ $ $QDO\]H FDSDELOLWLHV  %\ WKH NQRZOHGJH RI WKH
HVWDEOLVKHG7KHSURFHVVRIVFKHGXOLQJPDLQWHQDQFHDFWLYLWLHV QHFHVVDU\ FRPSRQHQWV WR PHHW GHPDQG DQG H[LVWLQJ
ZLOO EH SHUIRUPHG ZLWK WKH NQRZOHGJH RI WKH FDSDELOLWLHV RI FRPSRQHQWV LQ VWRFN WKH TXDQWLWLHV WR EH PDQXIDFWXUHG RU
WKH PHWDOZRUNLQJ VXFK DV WKH QXPEHU RI WHFKQLFLDQV WKH VXEFRQWUDFW LQ D JLYHQ SHULRG RI WLPH DUH VHW XS JLYHQ WKH
WLPHWRSHUIRUPDJLYHQDFWLYLW\HWF OLPLWDWLRQV
7RDFKLHYHWKLVREMHFWLYHDPDWKHPDWLFDODOJRULWKPEDVHG 
RQ WKH LQSXWV LGHQWLILHG ZLWK WKH SUHYLRXV IXQFWLRQV ZLOO EH $FWLYLW\$$IIHFWDFWLYLWLHVWRUHVRXUFHV,QWKLVDFWLYLW\WKH
GHYHORSHG 7KH UHVXOW RI WKLV DOJRULWKP LV WKH VFKHGXOLQJ RI QHHGVIRUDSHULRGRIWLPHDUHNQRZQDQGJLYHQWKHOLPLWDWLRQ
PDLQWHQDQFHDFWLYLWLHV RI WKH HVWDEOLVKHG UHVRXUFHV DQG GHDGOLQHV WKH VFKHGXOH RI
 DFWLYLWLHVLVVHWLQWHJUDWLQJDZRUNRUGHUIRUWKHPHWDOZRUNLQJ

ŽŶƐƚƌĂŝŶƚƐͬů>ŵŝƚĂƚŝŽŶƐͬDĂŶĂŐĞŵĞŶƚ
ŽĨŵĂŝŶƚĞŶĂŶĐĞĂĐƚŝǀŝƚŝĞƐ
&ROOHFWLQJGDWDFRPSXWHUDSSOLFDWLRQGHYHORSPHQW

KƌĚĞƌƐͬƉƌŽĚƵĐƚŝŽŶ $ FRPSXWHU DSSOLFDWLRQ ZDV GHYHORSHG ZLWK WKH SULPDU\


ŽƌĚĞƌƐͬƉƌŽƚŽƚLJƉĞƐͬ
dŽŽůƐƚŽƵƐĞͬEĞĐĞƐƐĂƌLJ ^ĐŚĞĚƵůĞĂĐƚŝǀŝƚŝĞƐ ^ĞƌǀŝĐĞŽƌĚĞƌĨŽƌƚŚĞ SXUSRVH RI FROOHFWLQJ WKH GDWD QHFHVVDU\ IRU WKH SODQQLQJ RI
ĐŽŵƉŽŶĞŶƚƐͬŵŝŶŝŵƵŵ ŵĞƚĂůǁŽƌŬŝŶŐ Ϭ
ŵĞƚĂůǁŽƌŬŝŶŐ PDLQWHQDQFH DFWLRQV +RZHYHU LW ZDV DOVR LQWHQGHG WKDW WKH
^ƚŽĐŬƐ
DSSOLFDWLRQ DOORZHG PRQLWRULQJ WKH ZRUN GRQH E\ WKH
WHFKQLFLDQV DQG GHWHUPLQLQJ SHUIRUPDQFH LQGLFDWRUV WR
Wͬ^ŽĨƚǁĂƌĞͬŚƵŵĂŶ
ƌĞƐŽƵƌĐĞƐ
LPSURYHWKHPDLQWHQDQFHSURFHVV
%HIRUH VWDUWLQJ WKH GHYHORSPHQW RI WKH DSSOLFDWLRQ WKH
EŽĚĞ͗ͲϬ E͘Ǒϭ
UHTXLUHPHQWV KDYH EHHQ LGHQWLILHG IRU WKLV WRRO LQ RUGHU WR

)LJ/HYHO,'()UHSUHVHQWDWLRQRIWKHSKDVHVRIWKHSURMHFW EXLOG RQ WKLV NQRZOHGJH WKH GDWDEDVH DQG DVVRFLDWHG
 LQWHUIDFHV7KHUHTXLUHPHQWVVHWZHUH
 x 5HFRUGWKHSHUIRUPHGPDLQWHQDQFHDFWLYLWLHVSHUIRUPHGE\
7KH )LJXUHV  DQG  UHSUHVHQW XVLQJ WKH ,'() WRRO WKH WKHPHWDOZRUNLQJ
IXQFWLRQV RU DFWLYLWLHV RI WKH V\VWHP GHYHORSHG WR REWDLQ WKH x 5HJLVWHUWKHDVVHPEO\DQGGLVDVVHPEO\RSHUDWLRQVRIWKH
GHVLUHGUHVXOW UHVSHFWLYHPDFKLQHWRROVLQSURGXFWLRQDUHD
$FWLYLW\ $VFKHGXOLQJWKHWDVNVRIWKH PHWDOZRUNLQJ7KLV x 5HFRUGDOOHQWULHVDQGH[LWVRIWKHVWRFNRIWRRO
DFWLYLW\ LV GHILQHG DV WKH PDLQ REMHFWLYH RI WKH SUREOHP LH FRPSRQHQWV
VFKHGXOLQJWKHDFWLYLWLHVRIORFNVPLWKLQZKLFKWKHLQSXWVZLOO x $OORZWKHTXHU\RISHUIRUPHGPDLQWHQDQFHDFWLYLWLHV
EHWKHFXVWRPHUV¶RUGHUVSURGXFWLRQRUGHUVWRROVWREHXVHG FKDQJHVWRWKHVWRFNRIFRPSRQHQWVDQGQXPEHURISDUWV
DQG FRPSRQHQWV UHTXLUHG 7KH OLPLWDWLRQV DVVRFLDWHG WR WKH PDQXIDFWXUHGE\WKHYDULRXVFRPSRQHQWVDQGWRROVLQD
SURMHFW DUH FRQVLGHUHG D FRQWURO DV ZHOO DV WKH LQVWUXFWLRQV  JLYHQSHULRGRIWLPH
UXOHV  SURFHGXUHV GHILQHG WKDW RXWOLQH WKH PDQDJHPHQW RI 'XHWRWKHQHHGRIGLIIHUHQWW\SHVRIUHFRUGVEHLQJPDGHLQ
PDLQWHQDQFHDFWLYLWLHVLQWKHPHWDOZRUNLQJ GLIIHUHQWORFDWLRQVLQWKHSODQWWKHGHFLVLRQZDVPDGHWRVSOLW

DĂŶĂŐĞŵĞŶƚŽĨŵĂŝŶƚĞŶĂŶĐĞ
ĂĐƚŝǀŝƚŝĞƐ

ŽŶƐƚƌĂŝŶƚƐ

Ͳ WƌŽĚƵĐƚŝŽŶŽƌĚĞƌƐ
Ͳ WƌŽĚƵĐƚŝŽŶŽĨ /ĚĞŶƚŝĨLJŶĞĐĞƐƐŝƚŝĞƐ
ƉƌŽƚŽƚLJƉĞƐ

ŶĂůLJnjĞĐĂƉĂďŝůŝƚŝĞƐ
Ͳ ŽŵƉŽŶĞŶƚƐ
ŶĞĞĚĞĚ Ϯ
Ͳ DŝŶŝŵƵŵ^ƚŽĐŬƐ

ĨĨĞĐƚĂĐƚŝǀŝƚŝĞƐ
Ͳ ŽŵƉŽŶĞŶƚƐ ŶĞĞĚĞĚ

Ͳ ŽŵƉŽŶĞŶƚƐ ƚŽ
ƐƵďĐŽŶƚƌĂĐƚ

Wͬ^ŽĨƚǁĂƌĞ

Eſ͗Ϭ E͘ǑϮ

)LJ/HYHO,'()UHSUHVHQWDWLRQRIWKHSKDVHVRIWKHSURMHFW
268 C.R. Pires et al. / Procedia CIRP 57 (2016) 265 – 269

WKHVRIWZDUHDSSOLFDWLRQLQWRWKUHHGLVWLQFWSDUWV 'XHWRWKHQHHGWRFROOHFWDORWRIGDWDDQGDWWKHVDPHWLPH
x 5HJLVWUDWLRQGHVNRIWKHSURGXFWLRQDUHD 6WDPSLQJ PDNH WKHP HDVLO\ DFFHVVLEOH LW ZDV GHFLGHG WR VHW XS D
VHFWLRQ ZKHUHWKHUHFRUGVRIWKHDVVHPEO\DQG GDWDEDVH LQ ZKLFK DOO GDWD LV VWRUHG 7KH GHYHORSPHQW RI WKH
GLVDVVHPEO\RSHUDWLRQVDUHSHUIRUPHG GDWDEDVH ZDV VWDUWHG FRQVWUXFWLQJ D FRQFHSWXDO PRGHO ZKHUH
x 5HJLVWUDWLRQGHVNRIWKHPHWDOZRUNLQJZKHUHUHFRUGVRI HQWLWLHV WKHLU UHODWLRQVKLSV DQG WKHLU DWWULEXWHV UHTXLUHG WR
HQWULHVDQGH[LWVRIFRPSRQHQWIURPVWRFNDVZHOODV UHFRUG DOO GDWD DUH GHILQHG 7KLV PRGHO KDV JRQH WKURXJK
UHFRUGVRIPDLQWHQDQFHRSHUDWLRQVDUHPDGH VHYHUDOLWHUDWLRQVXQWLOLWUHDFKHVLWVILQDOIRUPVKRZQLQ)LJ
x &RQVXOWDWLRQGHVNZKHUHDOOWKHUHFRUGHGGDWDDQG 
FDOFXODWHGLQGLFDWRUVFDQEHFRQVXOWHG $IWHU WKH FRQFHSWXDO PRGHO ZDV FRPSOHWHG LWV
,Q RUGHU WR EHWWHU XQGHUVWDQG WKH QHHGV RI HDFK XVHU RU WUDQVIRUPDWLRQ LQWR D ORJLF PRGHO ZDV PDGH IROORZLQJ WKH
HDFK GHVN  WKH 8QLILHG 0RGHOLQJ /DQJXDJH KDV EHHQ XVHG PHWKRGRORJ\GHVFULEHGH[WHQVLYHO\E\>@
DQG PRUH VSHFLILFDOO\ WKH 8VH &DVH GLDJUDPV 7KHVH $IWHU WKH DSSURYDO RI WKH REWDLQHG ORJLFDO PRGHO LWV
GLDJUDPVZHUHXVHGDVWKH\UHSUHVHQWWKHLQWHUDFWLRQVEHWZHHQ LPSOHPHQWDWLRQ ZDV PDGH LQ WKH FKRVHQ GDWDEDVH HQJLQH
WKH V\VWHP DQG WKH XVHU JUDSKLFDOO\ DOORZLQJ D VWUXFWXUHG 0\64/ JHWWLQJWKHGDWDEDVHUHDG\IRUXVH
YLHZRIWKHVHLQWHUDFWLRQV 7KH DSSOLFDWLRQ ZDV LPSOHPHQWHG LQ WKH FRPSDQ\ DIWHU
*LYHQ WKH WRRO
V GLYLVLRQ LQWR WKUHH VHSDUDWH SDUWV WKH FDUU\LQJ RXW D WUDLQLQJ WR WKH LQYROYHG HPSOR\HHV DQG
GLDJUDPV ZHUH DOVR VHSDUDWHG LQWR WKUHH VHSDUDWH SDFNDJHV UHVSRQVLEOHIRUWKHPHWDOZRUNLQJ
FRUUHVSRQGLQJWRHDFKVWDWLRQGHVFULEHGDERYH)LJSUHVHQWV 
WKH 8VH &DVHV GLDJUDP DVVRFLDWHG WR WKH UHJLVWUDWLRQ LQ WKH
PHWDOZRUNLQJ 0DLQWHQDQFHSODQQLQJPHWKRGRORJ\

0HWDOZRUNLQJ :LWKWKHNQRZOHGJHRIWKHIDLOXUHWLPHVRIHDFKFRPSRQHQW
5HPRYHSDUW ZKLFK FRPSRVHV WKH WRRO LW LV SRVVLEOH WR GHILQH DQ RSWLPDO
3XW SDUW ,QFOXGH!! UHSODFHPHQW PRGHO IRU HDFK FRPSRQHQW )RU LQGLYLGXDO
,QFOXGH!! ,QFOXGH!! FRPSRQHQWWKHDJHUHSODFHPHQWSROLF\LVPRUHDGHTXDWHVLQFH
,QFOXGH!!
,GHQWLI\
FROODERUDWRU LWPDNHVEHWWHUXVHRIWKHFRPSRQHQWVOLIHWLPHV+RZHYHUDQ
,GHQWLI\ SDUW
RSWLPL]DWLRQ RI PDLQWHQDQFH DFWLYLWLHV WR EH FRQVLGHUHG
UHOHYDQW PXVW EH DEOH WR FRPELQH WKHLU EHQHILWV ZLWK WKH
,GHQWLI\ WRRO
DVVRFLDWHG FRVWV >@ 7KHUHIRUH LQ D V\VWHP FRPSRVHG E\
,QFOXGH!!
,QFOXGH!!
VHYHUDO FRPSRQHQWV WKH DGRSWLRQ RI WKH EORFN UHSODFHPHQW
6WDUW
PDLQWHQDQFH
,QFOXGH!!
SROLF\ZLOODOORZIHZHUVWRSSDJHVDQGUHGXFHFRVW
$ WRRO FDQ FRQWDLQ GR]HQV RI FRPSRQHQWV ZLWK GLIIHUHQW
)LQLVK
PDLQWHQDQFH OLIHWLPHV DQG KD]DUG UDWHV VR WKH FKDOOHQJH LV WR GHILQH WKH
RSWLPDOUHSODFHPHQWLQWHUYDO
,Q WKLV VHQVH WKH PHWKRG UHSRUWHG E\ >@ LQ ZKLFK
)LJ8VH&DVHGLDJUDPRIWKH0HWDOZRUNLQJ FRPSRQHQWV DUH JURXSHG DFFRUGLQJ WR LWV KD]DUG UDWH ZLOO EH
 XVHG 7KH DXWKRUV GHVFULEH D KHXULVWLF PHWKRG IRU JURXSLQJ
 FRPSRQHQWV WR SHUIRUP SUHYHQWLYH UHSODFHPHQWV RI

'DWH 7LPH 1B3DUWV

6WDWXV 0RWLYH QHHG


13B$FWXDO +LVWRULF 'DWH 7LPH
'HVLJQDWLRQ 1XPEHU 1XPEHU
6WDUW 1B3DUWV
1
5HIHUHQFH 1 3URGXFWLRQ (QG 6HWXS 0RWLYH
7RRO XVH 1
&OLHQW 2UGHU
&RGH 4XDQWLW\
 1 2SHUDWLRQ

&RGH
&OLHQW FRPSRVHG QHHG FDXVHV LQFOXGHV
5HIHUHQFH
1 1
'HVLJQDWLRQ
6B$FWXDO 0
QHHG 0DLQWHQDQFH 
3DUW 1 6WDWXV
6B0LQLPXP
13B$FWXDO  1XPEHU
5HSDUDWLRQ 1 'HVFULSWLRQ
3HULRGLFLW\ +LVWRULF 6WDUW
(QG
'DWH 7LPH
GRQH
0RWLYH
1B3DUWV
1 


,QSXW2XWSXW UHJLVWHUHG &ROODERUDWRU GR
1XPEHU 1 

'DWH 7LPH
2SHUDWLRQ 1XPEHU 1DPH
4XDQWLW\
)LJ±'DWDEDVH&RQFHSWXDO0RGHO
C.R. Pires et al. / Procedia CIRP 57 (2016) 265 – 269 269

FRPSRQHQWVRIDVHULHVV\VWHP 7KH QH[WSKDVH RI WKHSURMHFW IRFXVHV RQ WKH GHYHORSPHQW


7KH SURFHGXUH KDV WKH REMHFWLYH RI PLQLPL]LQJ WRWDO DQGDXWRPDWLFFDOFXODWLRQRILQGLFDWRUVWRPRWLYDWHHPSOR\HHV
PDLQWHQDQFHFRVWVDQGXVHVWKHFRQFHSWRIJURXSWHFKQRORJ\ WR UHFRUG GDWD DQG HQDEOH PDQDJHUV JDLQ JUHDWHU LQVLJKW DQG
7KHJHQHUDOGHVFULSWLRQRIWKHSURFHGXUHLVVKRZQLQ)LJ WKXVEHSRVVLEOHWRGHILQHLPSURYHPHQWLQLWLDWLYHV
7KH LPSOHPHQWDWLRQ RI WKH VRIWZDUH DSSOLFDWLRQ LV DQ
,QSXW)HDWXUHV LPSRUWDQW VWHS VLQFH LW LV WLPH FRQVXPLQJ WR GHWHUPLQH WKH
UHOLDEOH LQIRUPDWLRQ QHFHVVDU\ IRU GHILQLWLRQ RI UHSODFHPHQW
)HDWXUH 1RUPDOL]DWLRQ LQWHUYDOVXVLQJPDQXDOUHFRUGV
7KH VRIWZDUH DSSOLFDWLRQ WKDW WRGD\ RQO\ DOORZV UHFRUGLQJ
'LVVLPLODULW\ 0HDVXUH 0LQNRZDVNL GDWD ZLOO EH DEOH LQ WKH IXWXUH WR DQDO\]H LW DQG JLYH
'LVWDQFH 0DWUL[ LQIRUPDWLRQEDVHGRQLQGLFDWRUVWRPDNHUHOLDELOLW\VWXGLHVWR
GHILQH PDLQWHQDQFH RU UHSODFHPHQW LQWHUYDOV IRU WKH
0DFKLQH &OXVWHU1HDUHVW 1HLJKERU
$OJRULWKP
FRPSRQHQWV RI SURGXFWLRQ WRROV DQG WR VFKHGXOH WKH
PDLQWHQDQFH DFWLYLWLHV LQ WKH PHWDOZRUNLQJ 7KHUHIRUH DV
IXWXUH ZRUN WKH SURMHFW ZLOO WDUJHW WKH GHYHORSPHQW RI D
4XLFN 6RUW
PHWKRG IRU VFKHGXOLQJ DFWLYLWLHV RI WKH PHWDOZRUNLQJ DQG LWV
LQWHJUDWLRQLQWKHVRIWZDUHDSSOLFDWLRQ
RSWLPL]DWLRQ RI &RVW DQG 7SP 8VLQJ *ROGHQ
6HFWLRQ 6HDUFK $OJRULWKP DQG %RXQG &RQWURO
$FNQRZOHGJHPHQWV
*HQHUDWLQJ &DQGLGDWH
&RPELQDWLRQV :HZRXOGOLNHWRWKDQNWKHFRPSDQLHVWKDWDUHLQYROYHGLQ
WKH SURMHFW DQG H[SUHVV RXU DSSUHFLDWLRQ IRU WKH FRPPLWPHQW
2XWSXW
RIWKHHPSOR\HHVLQYROYHG
7KLVZRUNKDVEHHQSDUWLDOO\VXSSRUWHGE\)&7)XQGDomR
)LJ±)ORZGLDJUDPRIPHWKRGRORJ\ SDUD D &LrQFLD H 7HFQRORJLD LQ WKH VFRSH RI WKH 3(VW
 8,'&(&

+LVWRULFDO GDWD FROOHFWHG ZLWK WKH FRPSXWHU DSSOLFDWLRQ 5HIHUHQFHV
ZLOOEHDQDO\]HGDQGWKHSDUDPHWHURIWKH:HLEXOOGLVWULEXWLRQ
>@%OLVFKNH:5DQG0XUWK\'13  5HOLDELOLW\1HZ<RUN:LOH\
WKDWILWWKHGDWDZLOOEHGHWHUPLQHGIRUHDFKFRPSRQHQW:LWK >@ %DUDEDGL $   5HOLDELOLW\ PRGHO VHOHFWLRQ DQG YDOLGDWLRQ XVLQJ
WKLV LQIRUPDWLRQ DQG ZLWK WKH NQRZOHGJH RI FRVWV DVVRFLDWHG :HLEXOO SUREDELOLW\ SORW²$ FDVH VWXG\ (OHFWULF 3RZHU 6\VWHPV
ZLWK WKH PDLQWHQDQFH DFWLYLWLHV DQG GRZQWLPH WKH PRGHO 5HVHDUFKSS±
SURSRVHGE\>@ZLOOEHDSSOLHG >@ 0XUWK\ '13 %XOPHU 0 DQG (FFOHVWRQ -$   :HLEXOO PRGHO
VHOHFWLRQ IRU UHOLDELOLW\ PRGHOOLQJ 5HOLDELOLW\ (QJLQHHULQJ DQG 6\VWHP
7KH QHFHVVDU\ OLQHV RI FRGH WR DSSO\ WKH PHWKRG KDYH
6DIHW\SS±
DOUHDG\ EHHQ ZULWWHQ DQG WKH PHWKRG KDV EHHQ WHVWHG 6LQFH >@ $YHQ 7 DQG -HQVHQ 8   6WRFKDVWLF 0RGHOV LQ 5HOLDELOLW\
VRPH OLPLWDWLRQV DUH UHFRJQL]HG LQ WKH PDLQWHQDQFH SROLF\ 6SULQJHU9HUODJ1HZ<RUN,QF
FRQVLGHUHGLQWKLVPHWKRGVXFKDVWKHVWRSSDJHRIWKHSURFHVV >@ 7DOXNGHU06 .QDSS *0   (TXLSPHQWDVVLJQPHQWWR PXOWLSOH
WR PDNH WKH UHSDLU RI RQO\ RQH FRPSRQHQW ZKHQ LW IDLOV LW LV RYHUKDXO EORFNV LQ VHULHV V\VWHP -RXUQDO RI 4XDOLW\ LQ 0DLQWHQDQFH
(QJLQHHULQJ  SS
WKH DLP RI WKH SURMHFW WHDP WR DQDO\]H RU GHYHORS DQRWKHU
>@ .LP : <DQJ - DQG $KQ 6   'HWHUPLQLQJ WKH 3HULRGLF
PHWKRGLQRUGHUWREHXVHGLQWKHSURMHFW 0DLQWHQDQFH,QWHUYDOIRU*XDUDQWHHLQJWKH$YDLODELOLW\RID6\VWHPZLWKD
/LQHDUO\ ,QFUHDVLQJ +D]DUG 5DWH ,QWHUQDWLRQDO -RXUQDO RI ,QGXVWULDO
&RQFOXVLRQVDQGIXWXUHZRUNV (QJLQHHULQJ  SS
>@'DV./DVKNDUL56DQG6HQJXSWD6  0DFKLQHUHOLDELOLW\DQG
SUHYHQWLYH PDLQWHQDQFH SODQQLQJ IRU FHOOXODU PDQXIDFWXULQJ V\VWHPV
7KHIRFXVLQWKHPDLQWHQDQFHDUHDLVFULWLFDODVLWKHOSVWR
(XURSHDQ-RXUQDORI2SHUDWLRQDO5HVHDUFKSS±
SUHYHQW XQH[SHFWHG VLWXDWLRQV DQG UHGXFH FRVWV DVVRFLDWHG >@ &RQQROO\ 7 DQG %HJJ &   'DWDEDVH 6\VWHPV $ 3UDFWLFDO
ZLWKPDOIXQFWLRQVDQGSURGXFWLRQVWRSSDJHV7KLVDUHDLVVWLOO $SSURDFK WR 'HVLJQ ,PSOHPHQWDWLRQ DQG 0DQDJHPHQW WK HG $GGLVRQ
QRW FRQVLGHUHG D IRFDO SRLQW LQ FRPSDQLHV VLQFH WKH :HVOH\
SURGXFWLRQ KDV D GRPLQDQW SRVLWLRQ LQ DQ\ RUJDQL]DWLRQ >@ 'HNNHU 5 DQG 6FDUIE 3 $   2Q WKH LPSDFW RI RSWLPL]DWLRQ
PRGHOV LQ PDLQWHQDQFH GHFLVLRQ PDNLQJ WKH VWDWH RI WKH DUW 5HOLDELOLW\
+RZHYHU PDLQWHQDQFH LV D JUHDW UHOLHI WR WKH H[WHQW WKDW QR
(QJLQHHULQJDQG6\VWHP6DIHW\±(OVLHYHU6FLHQFH/LPLWHGSS
SURGXFWLRQLVDEOHWR IXQFWLRQHIIHFWLYHO\ ZLWKRXWWKHVXSSRUW 
RIDFWLYHQHVVDQGWKXVDFKLHYLQJWKHLQLWLDOJRDOV 
,Q WKLV SDSHU D SURMHFW WKDW DLPV WR VFKHGXOH WKH 
PDLQWHQDQFH DFWLYLWLHV RI WKH SURGXFWLRQ WRROV LQ D 

PHWDOZRUNLQJ LV SUHVHQWHG 7KH DSSURDFK WR RYHUFRPH WKLV

LVVXHLVRXWOLQHGDQGWKHILUVWSKDVHRIWKHSURMHFWLVH[SODLQHG 
7KH FRPSXWHU DSSOLFDWLRQ SUHVHQWHG LQ WKLV SDSHU LV DOUHDG\
LPSOHPHQWHGWRFROOHFWQHFHVVDU\GDWD


You might also like