URIT

U R I T- 5 3 6 0 / 5 3 8 0 / 5 3 8 1
5-Part-Diff Auto
Hematology Analyzer

Service Manual

URIT Medical Electronic Co.,Ltd.

 CONTENTS

COPYRIGHT AND DECLARATION ................................................................................... I

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................... 1

1.1 FRONT VIEW ......................................................................................................... 1

1.2 REAR VIEW ........................................................................................................... 1
1.3 FUNDAMENTALS OF TEST ...................................................................................... 2
1.3.1 Cell Counting Principle of Electrical impedance ................................... 2
1.4 WBC CLASSIFICATION PRINCIPLE ......................................................................... 3
1.4.1 Optical Classification Principle ............................................................... 4
1.5 RBC TEST PRINCIPLE OF ELECTRICAL IMPEDANCE ................................................ 5
1.5.1 Test Principle of Total Number of RBC ................................................... 5
1.5.2 Test Principle of RBC Indexes ................................................................. 5
1.6 TEST PRINCIPLE OF PLT ....................................................................................... 5
1.7 TEST PRINCIPLE OF HGB ...................................................................................... 6

CHAPTER 2 PRECAUTIONS ......................................................................................... 7

2.1 ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS .......................................................................... 7

2.1.1 VOLTAGE................................................................................................................. 7
2.1.2 Electromagnetic Interference ......................................................................... 7
2.1.3 Temperature ..................................................................................................... 7
2.2 PLACEMENT REQUIREMENTS ................................................................................. 7
2.3 BOOT NOTES ........................................................................................................ 7
2.4 BLOOD SAMPLING AND TEST ................................................................................. 8

CHAPTER 3 CIRCUIT .................................................................................................... 9

3.1 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................... 9

3.1.1 Circuit frames ............................................................................................ 9
3.1.2 CPU board ................................................................................................. 11
3.1.3 AMP Board ................................................................................................ 11
3.1.4 ADFIFO Board .......................................................................................... 12
3.1.5 Amp Power Board ................................................................................... 13
3.1.6 As.Drive Board & As.Control Board ...................................................... 14
3.1.7 SENSOR Board ........................................................................................ 15
3.1.8 VAC board ................................................................................................ 15
3.1.9 MOTORDRIVE Board ............................................................................... 16
3.1.10 Photovoltaic Acquisition Board ............................................................. 19
3.1.11 PMT AMP Board ...................................................................................... 20
3.1.12 LMS Board ............................................................................................... 20
3.1.13 Power Adapter Board .............................................................................. 21
3.1.14 VALVE DRIVE Board ............................................................................... 21

CHAPTER 4 FLOW SYSTEM ....................................................................................... 23

4.1 SYRINGE MODULE............................................................................................... 24

4.2 SAMPLE CUP ...................................................................................................... 25
4.3 FLOW DIAGRAM .................................................................................................. 27
 Contents

4.3.1 Flow System of Pressure Module .......................................................... 28

4.3.2 Optical Flow System ............................................................................... 28
4.3.3 Impedance Flow System ........................................................................ 29

CHAPTER 5 OPTICAL SYSTEM ................................................................................. 30

5.1 OPTICAL STRUCTURE .......................................................................................... 30

5.2 OPTICAL SCHEMATIC........................................................................................... 31

CHAPTER 6 TEST ........................................................................................................ 32

6.1 VALVE TEST ........................................................................................................ 32

6.2 GAIN ADJUSTMENT ............................................................................................. 32
6.2.1 Gain Adjustment of RBC and WIC ......................................................... 33
6.2.2 PLT Gain Adjustment .............................................................................. 34
6.3 MOTOR TEST AND ADJUSTMENT .......................................................................... 35
6.4 VALUE MODIFICATION .......................................................................................... 37
6.5 OPTICAL DEBUGGING .......................................................................................... 37
6.6 OPTICAL DEBUGGING .......................................................................................... 38
6.7 SOFTWARE UPGRADE ......................................................................................... 38
6.8 SOFTWARE RESTARTING ..................................................................................... 38
6.9 SKIPPING SELF-CHECKING .................................................................................. 39

CHAPTER 7 UPGRADE PROCESS ............................................................................ 40

7.1 UPGRADE PROCESS OF FLOW PROGRAM ............................................................. 40

7.1.1 Preparation .............................................................................................. 40
7.2 BIOS UPGRADE ................................................................................................. 42

CHAPTER 8 TROUBLESHOOTING ............................................................................ 45

8.1 OPTICAL FAULTS ................................................................................................. 45

8.1.1 Stains on SHEATH FLOW REGULATOR Flow Cell .............................. 45
8.1.2 Stains on Image Forming Lens .............................................................. 46
8.2 CHANGE SHEATH FLOW REGULATOR .......................................................... 47
 Copyright and Declaration
We owns the copyright of this unpublicized issued manual, and has right to handle as
secret information. This manual just used as reference for operation, maintenance and
service of our product. Other personnel has no right to publish this manual.
This manual includes special information protected by copyright law. Copyright
reserved, prohibit copy and transmit any content of this manual against not through written
agreement by us.
We don’t make any formally guarantee for this manual, including (but not limit to)
implied guarantee responsibility on marketability and propriety lodged for certain purpose.
We without responsibility for the error included in this manual and indirectly & abiogenetic
damage that is caused by actual representation & usage provided by this manual.
Content in the manual can be changed without giving notice.
Applicable model: URIT-5360,URIT-5380,URIT-5381

Our obligation
We only responsible for instrument security, reliability and capability under following
condition
Performed assemble, extend, re-debugging, improve and repair by our authorized
personnel,
Relevant wiring equipment accord with national standard,
Use the analyzer according to this service manual.
NOTE
This analyzer cannot be used in family.
WARNING
If each hospital or institution that is responsible for using this instrument cannot
realize a set of satisfactory service procedure, will cause deviant invalidation of instrument,
even jeopardize to health of human body.
Nowadays, We provide relevant technical information conditionally when customer
request. In addition, narrate calibration method and other information through list to help
eligible technician to repair our instrument.

I
 Copyright and Declaration

Guarantee
Manufacturer techniques and material
We guarantees automated hematology analyzer no techniques and material problem
within one year from shipping day if under normal use and maintenance.
Free service
Our obligation under this guarantee not include freight and other fare, not responsible
for direct, indirect and ultimate damage & delay caused by following condition: improper
use, replaced accessories or repaired by personnel not authorized by us.
This guarantee is not applicable for following items: instrument which is not through
maintenance or already broken, We original nameplate or is replaced or tore off, our other
product.
Security, reliability and run status
If following conditions occur, We are not responsible for the security, reliability and run
status of the analyzer.
Disassembly, stretch and re-debugging,
Serviced or changed not by our authorized personnel .
Send back instrument
If it’s needed to send back the instrument, please contact with distributor to get
detailed information, inform the analyzer serial number which marked on nameplate, we
will not accept if S/N cannot be identified. Please mark instrument No. and S/N, briefly
state the reason on sending back instrument.
Freight: if send back instrument for service, purchaser bears the freight (including
custom fare)

Version: 03/2016

II
 Chapter 1 Introduction

1.1 Front View

COM

Drain

Count

Ground column

Power cord connector

Switch

Figure1-1 Front View

1.2 Rear View

Cooling fan

Nameplat
e

Figure1-2 Rear View

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 Chapter 1 Introduction

1.3 Fundamentals of Test

URIT-53 series analyzers classify WBC with 4 angle laser light scattering technique
and obtain the blood cell analysis via three independent detection channels.
1) WBC/DIFF channels: achieves WBC count and classification with laser light
scattering technology in the sheath flow regulator. Complete WBC count and
classification in one channel.
2) WBC/HGB channels: Hemoglobin and WBC testing by Colorimetry
3) RBC/PLT channels: RBC and PLT counting by Electrical impedance

1.3.1 Cell Counting Principle of Electrical impedance

Electrical impedance of white blood cells (WBC) count principle which is based on the
principle of non-conductive causes resistance change when blood cell granules in diluents
go through the aperture. Take it as the basis for testing to count WBC and determine its
column.

Constant current source

Counting chamber

External electrodes
Internal electrodes
Outer chamber
Inner chamber

Cell suspension Aperture

Figure1-3 Electrical impedance

Inner and outer electrodes are placed inside and outside the room in the counting
chamber. The two chambers are separated by a ruby aperture with a diameter of 100μm.
The rear chamber is filled with a certain concentration of cell suspension, and the front
chamber is filled with diluents.
The cell conductivity which is lower than diluents conductivity is the relative poor
conductor. When a cell granules in front chamber goes through the aperture, it generates
an instantaneous pulse voltage between inner and outer electrodes. The number of
pulses is proportional to the number of cells. Pulse height is proportional to the size of
the cell volume. Under the influence of negative pressure, a certain capacity of the cells

2
 Chapter 1 Introduction

will continue through the aperture, thereby generating a series of pulses. Send to count for
obtaining a certain volume of total cells by pulse signals amplification, threshold
adjustment, identification, shaping and A / D conversion. (See Figure 1-3)）

1.4 WBC Classification Principle

URIT-53 series analyzers not only calculate the overall amount of WBC, but also offer
graphics leukocyte distribution - the scatter plot.（See Figure 1-4）

Monocytes
Neutrophils

Hidden Eosinophils
Cells Eosinophils

Basophils
Lymphocytes s

Figure1-4 Scatter Plot

When doing a normal human blood test by URIT-53 series analyzers, scatter plots of
most of samples should be like the above figure. There’s clear cell grouping. In DIFF
channel, the gray part which is the shadow cell area is the reflection in the scatter plot
after the RBC dissolved in the sheath. (some people has it and some do not have it.) the
green is the lymphocytes, pink area is the mononuclear cells, blue area is the neutrophils,
white area is the basophils group and the red area is the eosinophil group. There are
obvious visible boundaries between each area. Cells with the same color come into group,
and cells with different color separates.

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 Chapter 1 Introduction

1.4.1 Optical Classification Principle

Figure 1-5 Optical Schematic

Classification principles:
0 ° rake angle light scattering (1 ° ~ 3 °) Roughly determine cell size
90 ° polarization extinction scattering (70 ° `~ 110 °), based on the characteristics of
polarized laser vertical angle depolarization, separates the eosinophils from neutrophils
and other cells.
10 ° narrow angle light scattering (7 ° ~ 11 °) tests cell structure and relative
characteristics of complexity.
It can be simply understood as: 0 ° reflects the volume, 90 ° reflect lobocytes situation,
10 °reflects both of above mentioned information.

Figure 1-6 WBC Feature Comparison

Steps of WBC classification
STEP 1: with a 90 ° angle to distinguish lobocytes cells and monocytes and get two
4
 Chapter 1 Introduction

categories, namely, 1 neutrophils and eosinophils (lobocytes cells), 2 monocytes and

lymphoid and basophils (monocytes).
STEP 2: With a 90 ° polarization to distinguish eosinophils and neutrophils.
STEP 3: According to the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio and cell size, with 0°and 10° to
distinguish basophils from lymphoid and mononuclear cells.
STEP 4: According to the size, with 0 ° to distinguish monocytes and lymphatic.

1.5 RBC Test Principle of Electrical Impedance

1.5.1 Test Principle of Total Number of RBC

The test principle of RBC is the same as that of WBC. Cells arranged in a certain
capacity go through aperture (68μm) under the influence of negative pressure. Pulse is
formed during this process. The total number and average volume of RBC are obtained
according to pulse size and height. The RBC volume distribution histogram is shown in
Figure 1-7.
Normally, ratio of RBC number and WBC number is approximately 750:1, so it can
ignore factors caused by WBC as testing the RBC. However, in some special pathological
conditions, such as leukemia simultaneously with blood disease, may cause abnormal
RBC count.

Figure1-7 RBC Atlas

1.5.2 Test Principle of RBC Indexes

HCT=(MCV × RBC) /10

According to the relevant algorithm, the MCH and MCHC can be derived by RBC,
MCV and HGB. RDW is obtained as testing RBC number and volume differences, which
reflects the outer periphery of RBC volume heterogeneity. RDW which reflects the extent
of RBC sizes has clinical significance for diagnosis of anemia.

1.6 Test Principle of PLT

Platelet (PLT) and RBC are tested in the same counting chamber. The analyzer
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 Chapter 1 Introduction

respectively counts it according to different thresholds. (See Figure 1-8)

PLT data stores in 64 channels in 2 ~ 30fL.

Figure1-8 PLT Atlas

PDW is obtained according to the histogram and computer processing. MPV is the
groups arithmetic average volume of PLT histogram curve. Normal MPV and PLT amounts
is non-linear negative correlation. PCT is drawn through the MPV and PLT.

1.7 Test Principle of HGB

Hemoglobin (HGB) and WBC count in the same counting chamber. In WBC counting
chamber, the lyse destroys RNC in the blood and the HGB is dissolved out. Colorimetric
assay in specific wavelength (540nm) in counting chamber, absorbance change is
proportional to HGB content in liquid. HGB test results are obtained by correlation
algorithm.

6
 Chapter 2 Precautions
2.1 Environmental Requirements

2.1.1 Voltage

To ensure the normal work and stable test, the analyzer uses 220V power input.
High-precision automatic AC power supply should be installed as the electric supply is
unstable. If intermittent power outages happens frequently, please install the UPS
uninterruptible power supply, so as to avoid damage to the power and circuit board.

2.1.2 Electromagnetic Interference

Acquisition signal is very weak, external interference may cause abnormal data.
Therefore, it’s recommended connecting with ground wire to avoid affecting the test
results by interference signal. Away from the equipments generated interference signals,
such as monitors, copiers, centrifuges and X-ray detector.

2.1.3 Temperature

The required operating temperature is 15℃~35℃. Temperature is too low which

affects the reagents and test data. The most common situation is that hemolysis becomes
slow because of low temperature, which results in unusually high data of WBC and HGB.
PLT aggregates together because of low temperature, which makes low PLT data.

2.2 Placement Requirements

1. Place the analyzer and reagents in the same horizontal plane, ensure reagent
can be quickly added into the analyzer.
2. Waste containers should be placed on the ground. (Avoid waste overflowing)
3. Insert the reagent connectors. Diluents connect with the blue one, lyse connects
with the red one, detergent connects with the green one and sheath connects
with the yellow one.

2.3 Boot Notes

1. Check whether the tubing connector of flow system looses or cracks. If so,
please deal with it before boot.
2. After boot, check whether there’s abnormal sound or smell and the screen
display is normal or not. If so, please shut down the analyzer immediately and
check it.
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 Chapter 2 Precautions

3. Check whether the screen display and program initialization is normal. Enter
sample test interface if it’s normal.

2.4 Blood Sampling and Test

There are two sample test modes, which are whole blood and diluent.
1. Whole blood sampling: collecting human blood by vacuum blood collection. The
anticoagulant in the collection tube anticoagulats the blood sample.
2. Diluent sampling: collecting human peripheral blood with blood collection, such
as fingers, ears and so on.
3. Whole blood test: in Test interface, put the tube in the single sampling position
and then click START to test.
4. Diluent test: put the disposable tubes in the STAT position and press Drain (or
click in the interface), then 800μL diluent is injected into the disposable tube.
Collect and inject 20μL peripheral blood into the tube and mix it. Place this tube
in the STAT position again and click START to start testing.

※ Note: avoid squeezing when collecting peripheral blood so as not to extrude tissue
fluid or aggregate PLT, which may affects PLT counting. Needle goes a little bit
deeper when collecting peripheral blood. Do not collect first drop of blood as
sample.

8
 Chapter 3 Circuit
The circuit consists of switch mode power supply (SMPS), CPU board, ADFIFO
board, AMP board, As.Drive board, As.Control board, MOTORDRIVE board, VAC board,
photovoltaic acquisition board, power adapter plate, SENSOR board, Amp Power board
(analog power supply board), MRFC500 board, PMT AMP board, LMS board, VALVE
DRIVE board, PMT-HV board and LED_LOCK board.

3.1 Introduction

3.1.1 Circuit frames

Positive
pressure tank
Waste
reservoir

Transducer

Vacuum pump

LMS board

As. Drive board

Diluent
reservoir

Figure3-1 Left Door

9
 Chapter 3 Circuit

VAC board ADFIFO board

Card reader

SENSOR board
VALVE DRIVE
board
CPU board

As. control board

MOTORDRIVE
board (5 PCS)
AMP board Figure 3-2 Right Side View

laser
PMT AMP board

power adapter
plate

Vacuum pump
Dilution module

Dual-supply
switching power
supply

AMP POWER
board
Figure 3-3 Rear View

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 Chapter 3 Circuit

3.1.2 CPU board

CPU control board which is responsible for system logic control provides various

parameters and executes the command. See Figure 3-4.

Connect Connect ADFIFO

indicator board

Connect AMP
board Digital 5V

COM1 port
V33-V34
2 Connect LIM
V25-V32 board

V17-V24 Connect SENSOR

board（SEN1）
V9-V16

V1-V8 SEN2

MOTORDRIVE board Connect As.

Drive board
LMS board
Connect VAC
Vacuum plate（SV） board
Figure 3-4 CPU board

3.1.3 AMP Board

AMP board amplifies and processes weak cellular signal of sample cups and adjusts
it to the appropriate signal to the ADFIFO board for data conversion.

11
 Chapter 3 Circuit

Connect CPU
Connect board
ADFIFO board

Offer +/-12v

Offer AC100V
HGB Interface burning, DC100V
constant current
source

WBC Interface
RBC Interface

Figure 3-5 AMP board

3.1.4 ADFIFO Board

It’s mainly used for A / D DAC (Digital to analog conversion).

Connect AMP 90°D Interface

board
90°Interface

the LED100
10°Interface
flashes when
ADFIFO board is
0°Interface
in normal.

Connect D+5V
Connect CPU board

Connect A +/-
12V

Figure 3-6 ADFIFO Board

Connect A +5V

NOTE: D+5V refers to the 5V offered via power adapter plate, A+5V refers to the 5V
offered via Amp Power board, and A+/-12V refers to the 12V offered via Amp Power
board.

12
 Chapter 3 Circuit

3.1.4.1 ADFIFO Board Test Points

1
2

3
13
4

5 12

7
11
8

10
Figure 3-7 Test Points of ADFIFO Board 9

1. WBC test point 2. HGB test point 3. RBC test point 4. PLT test point
5. 0°test point 6. 10°test point 7. 90°test point 8. 90°D test point
9. A+12V test point（the lights lit on standby） 10. AGND test point
11. A-12V test point 12. A+5V Indicator 13. D+5V Indicator

3.1.5 Amp Power Board

Offer +/-12V Offer +5V

+12V input Offer +/-12V, 5V Offer DC100V Cauterize,

DC100Vconstant current source

Figure 3-8 Amp Power Board

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 Chapter 3 Circuit

3.1.6 As.Drive Board & As.Control Board

The As.Drive board (Figure 3-9) As.Control board (Figure 3-10) are used to control
the auto sampling module. There’s a LED light on the top of S1-S14 of As.Drive board and
As.Control board. the LED lights/lights off when the optocoupler guard sheet is ready.

Connect As.Control board 12V/5V input

M1 M2 M3 From left to right, S1—S8

Figure 3-9 As.Drive Board

Connect As.Drive board M5 M6 M7

S13 Connect CPU

board

S12

S11

S10 Barcode
interface
S9

+12V input 12V/5V output to

+5V input As.Drive board S14 shortcut key of front housing

Figure 3-10 As.Control board

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 Chapter 3 Circuit

3.1.7 SENSOR Board

It determines whether there’s reagents (diluent, sheath, lyse and detergent) and
checks whether the waste is full and level detection of diluent reservoir.

Sen1 connect CPU board

S6：Diluent detection S7：lyse detection

S5：diluent detection S8：sheath detection

S4：detergent detection BNC

S3：sheath detection S15：Level detection of

diluents reservoir
S2：lyse detection

S1：diluent detection

Sen2 connect CPU board

Figure 3-11 SENSOR Board

Please adjust the SENSOR board under the condition of no liquid in tubing and no

printing on optocoupler tubing.

3.1.8 VAC board

VAC board which is responsible for controlling the vacuum pump tests reservoir, the
waste chamber, vacuum accumulator and internal pressure of pressure tank.（See
Figure3-12）

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 Chapter 3 Circuit

U3（connect vacuum
counting chamber）

U1（connect Positive
pressure chamber）

U4 (connect pressure
chamber)

+12V input

VS1 Connect CPU

board

Figure 3-12 VAC Board

3.1.9 MOTORDRIVE Board

MOTORDRIVE board is mainly responsible for the movement of each syringe

movement and sampling unit, and testing whether the syringes and sampling unit are in
place.

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 Chapter 3 Circuit
C4 ：+12V/5V input

MA Motor
C5 ：+12V/5V input

MB Motor

Lights of optocoupler, from top

MC Motor to bottom, it’s respectively
MA,MB,MC,MD,ME,MF

MD Traverse motor of
sampling unit

ME Longitudinal
motor of sampling unit

MF Motor

From left to right, it’s

SA,SB,SC,SD,SE,SF

Figure 3-13 MOTORDRIVE board

Figure 3-14 Auto Sampling Module 1

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 Chapter 3 Circuit

Figure 3-15 Auto Sampling Module 2

Figure 3-16 Auto Sampling Module 3

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 Chapter 3 Circuit

Figure 3-17 Sampling Unit

3.1.10 Photovoltaic Acquisition Board

Collect optics 0 °, 10 ° laser signal and convert it into an analog signal to ADFIFO
board.

Voltage detection
point in blank test

Connect signal line

of ADFIFO board

Figure 3-18 Photovoltaic Acquisition Board

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 Chapter 3 Circuit

3.1.11 PMT AMP Board

PMT AMP board which provides DC600V hypertension to photomultiplier (PMT) has
a direct affect towards classification of optics 90 ° and 90 ° D. Measurement method is to
measure interface voltage of PMT directly (DC600V), or measure shield voltage of last
stitch of ADFIFO board connector interface (DC6V). (See Figure 3-19)

voltage 6V
voltage 6V

DC600V, connect
PMT shield voltage of
Adjust 6V voltage
last stitch of
potentiometer
ADFIFO board
connector interface
(DC6V)

Figure 3-19 PMT AMP board Connect PMT base

3.1.12 LMS Board

Counting time measurement module consists of 1 LMS board and 2 glass tubes.
There are 4 optpcouplers and 4 potentiometers. These 4 optocouplers correspond test
points TEST1-TEST4 respectively. The voltage is 4.8 ± 0.2V as the glass tube filled with
liquid, and the voltage is 2.9 ± 0.1V as the glass tube is empty. Optocoupler parameter
deviation and dirty inner-wall of glass tube shall cause the voltage deviation of
TEST1-TEST4.
LMS board calculates the injected liquid via optpcoupler and metering tube detection
so as to ensure measurement accuracy of WBC, RBC and PLT. The measuring board has
two channels, one is the WBC channel, and the other is the RBC and PLT channel. Each
channel consists of 1 metering tube and 2 optpcouplers. Open the V33 and V34 before
counting. The air goes into the WBC and RBC metering tube of LMS board. Empty the
liquid in the tube, close the V33 and V34 after counting, the liquid goes through aperture
and metering tube. The liquid column of metering tube moves down. Comparator inputs
counting signal as liquid column meets the up optocoupler, and the comparator stops
inputting counting signal as the liquid column meets the down optocoupler.

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 Chapter 3 Circuit

start optocoupler in
RBC count start optocoupler in
WBC count

End optocoupler in Adjustable potentiometer

RBC count in whole
blood mode and
pre-dilution mode
End optocoupler in WBC
count in whole blood mode
and pre-dilution mode

Figure 3-20 LMS Board

3.1.13 Power Adapter Board

24V/12V input 12V/5V input 5V output GND 12V output

Figure 3-20 Power Adapter Board

3.1.14 VALVE DRIVE Board

VALVE DRIVE board controls valve switches in flow system and changes flow
direction, which ensures unblocked flow system.

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 Chapter 3 Circuit

Connect DC+12V

Connect valve/pump

Figure 3-22 VALVE DRIVE Board

22
 Chapter 4 Flow System
Frame diagram of flow system in front view is shown as below.

Positive LMS Board

pressure
chamber
RBC cup
Vacuum chamber
WBC cup

Syringe module
WOC cup

Diluents transducer Mix chamber

Figure 4-1 Left Perspective Figure 4-2 Front View

Positive pressure S5-S8 liquid

chamber detection
optocoupler

Sample cup

Waste chamber

Diluents reservoir

Vacuum
pump module

S1-S4 liquid detection

optocoupler

Figure 4-3 Left View

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 Chapter 4 Flow System

Sheath flow
Interfaces of
optical system
Card reader

Sampling unit

MC send the STAT position

sample to the
WOC

Figure 4-4 Front View

4.1 Syringe Module

As shown in Figure 4-5, the main function of it is cleaning, counting, priming, sample
dilution and offering diluents and power sources. The circuit board provides DC12V to
the motor.
Syringe module consists of a small syringe, sampling syringe, ceramic syringes,
motors, seals and other components. Three kinds of syringe can be individually
disassembled for easy replacement of the entire syringe, or replace seals.
Motor of syringe module is installed in the rear of the syringe, which avoids electrical
corrode damaged caused by syringe leak.

MA（100μL） MF（10ml） add

sampling and sheath to WOC cup
separating

MC sends sample to
MA（2.5ml） WOC
add lyse to
WBC cup

MB(10ml) gives
diluents to WBC,
RBC, cleaning and
sample probe

Figure 4-5 Front View of Syringe Module

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 Chapter 4 Flow System

MA motor
MF motor

MB motor

Figure 4-6 Rear View of Syringe Module

NOTE: sampling and distinguishing syringe and lyse syringe use a same MA motor.

4.2 Sample Cup

Sample cup components which is the counting sensor of the analyzer is the most
front-end detection element of data acquisition.
Functionally, the sample cup consists of inner and outer electrodes, front and rear
chambers and ruby aperture.
Measure RBC, WBC and PLT parameters via Coulter principle (electrical impedance
principle). In the sample cup, the circuit provides a constant current through diluted
conductive liquid in cell counting. As cells go through aperture, the loop resistance
changes. Cells with different volume produce electrical pulses with different amplitudes,
so cells volume and numbers can be calculated.
Make a Colorimetric analysis towards the treated sample and calculate HGB value
via light emitting and receiving of WBC cup.

NOTE: the liquid should be sprayed on the walls of the cup, or the results of MCV, PLT
and HGB shall be affected.

25
 Chapter 4 Flow System

WBC cup (100μm)

RBC cup (68μm)

HGB test

Figure 4-7 Sample Cup

Figure 4-8 WOC Cup

26
 Chapter 4 Flow System

4.3 Flow Diagram

Figure 4-9 Flow Diagram

27
 Chapter 4 Flow System

4.3.1 Flow System of Pressure Module

Flow system of pressure module is responsible for providing pressure of 160KPa and
78KPa,118KPa, pumps reagent to the liquid reservoir and supplies it to the analyzer for
cleaning and counting and form sheath flow effect. See Figure4-10.

Figure 4-10 Flow System of Pressure Module

（1）air mix tank: V26 opens and apply air to the pump till the pressure goes to 118KPa.
Open the V9, V11 and V10 to make bubbles of SHEATH FLOW REGULATOR cup,
WBC cup and RBC cup.
（2）positive pressure tank: open V26 and offer 160KPa pressure to the tank via V1,
which is used to a) offer SHEATH FLOW REGULATOR a 160KPa pressure for
SHEATH FLOW REGULATOR calculating via V25 and V2, b) offer recoil pressure
to the cup via V22, V35 and V36.
（3）diluent storage tank: V24 is on work, open V28 and V27, turn off V14 and V25, store
the diluents in the tank for counting use.
（4）counting vacuum tank: V24 is on work, make inner pressure achieve to 78KPa.
（5）connect U1, U3 and U4 to the pressure sensor for monitor and control the inner
pressure.

4.3.2 Optical Flow System

Figure 4-11 Optical Flow System

Add 2000μL sheath into SHEATH FLOW REGULATOR cup by MF, use MA
syringe to collect 30μL blood and inject 8.5μL of it into SHEATH FLOW REGULATOR
cup, and mix the blood and sheath in mixing cup. Open the V4 and V8, pump the
mixed liquid into the channel between V4 and V8 by peristaltic pump, and inject it into
SHEATH FLOW REGULATOR via MC syringe. The waste is pumped and discharged
by V24.
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 Chapter 4 Flow System

4.3.3 Impedance Flow System

Process explanation on impedance flow system ( see Figure 4-12）

（1）add lyse into WBC cup via V19. MB syringe which is used to absorb diluents into
WBC cup and RBC cup via V21, V20 and V18 and inject diluents into clean sets and
sample probe via V21, V20, V18 and V17.
（2）V16 and V40 pump the liquid which is used to clean sample probe via V29 pump, and
pump the liquid which is used to clean RBC and WBC cups via V31 and V32 pumps.
（3）MA (100μL) syringe is used to collect samples and give it to SHEATH FLOW
REGULATOR cup and WBC cup.
（4）the mix tank offers 115KPa pressure, the sample in WBC cup and RBC cup is mixed
via V10 and V11.
（5）the liquid goes through aperture and reaches glass tube via V35 and V36, the count
pressure tank offers 78KPa pressure, time counts by optocoupler of count board.

Figure 4-12 Impedance Flow System

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 Chapter 5 Optical System
5.1 Optical Structure

Components of the optical system is shown below.

Figure 5-1 Components of the Optical System

1—System Work Platform

2—Reflector
3—Cylindrical Mirror
4—Imaging Lens Group and Bracket
5—SHEATH FLOW REGULATOR
6—Forward Condenser Group and Bracket
7—PhotoAmp BOARD PCBA
8—Microscope objective components
9—700 Microns Slit and Bracket
10—Spectroscope and polarizer Bracket
11—90° PMT
12—90° DPMT
13—638nm Semiconductor laser
14—high-volage

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 Chapter 5 Optical System

5.2 Optical Schematic

Figure 5-2 Optical Schematic

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 Chapter 6 Test
6.1 Valve Test

Click ‘Service’ in Count interface, click ‘1111’ and ‘OK’ to enter valve test interface.
click valve number shown in below figure, the corresponding valve makes action.

Constant current
source switch Control of valves of flow system

Figure 6-1 Valve Test

6.2 Gain Adjustment

Click ‘Service’ in Count interface, input ‘4444’ to enter gain adjustment interface.
Input the value in the box at the right side of the need-to-be changed item and
press ’Enter’. Click ‘Save’ at the bottom lest corner and exit. Please see the following
figures for details.

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 Chapter 6 Test

From top to bottom, WBC, RBC, PLT,

0 °, 10 °, 90 °, 90 ° D gain adjustment.
The greater the value, the smaller the
gain.

Adjust Blank test voltage

Figure 6-2 Gain Adjustment（I）

Positive&negative pressure adjustment

Mix pressure adjustment

Figure 6-3 Gain Adjustment（II）

6.2.1 Gain Adjustment of RBC and WIC

Check the gain of RBC, WIC and PLT after testing by control material ( see Figure
6-4), if it’s within QC requirements, there’s no need to adjust it. If not, please adjust it in
gain adjustment interface. Click ‘Service’ in Count interface, input ‘4444’ and click first

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 Chapter 6 Test

page（see Figure6-2）. Input those needed-to-be-changed value in the blank box at the
right side and press ‘Enter’. Click ‘Save’ before exit. Then do QC and check whether the
gain of RBC, WIC and PLT are within reference range. If not, please re-modify till the gain
in the reference range.

RBC gain value

Figure 6-4 RBC Gain Adjustment

WIC gain value

Figure 6-5 WIC Gain Adjustment

6.2.2 PLT Gain Adjustment

The specialized PLT QC is needed in PLT gain adjustment. The analyzer has been
adjusted before it leaves the factory.
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 Chapter 6 Test

Adjust the PLT gain as changing the AMP board. Do a sample test and adjust the PLT
gain which should be the same as it before changing.

PLT gain

Figure 6-6 PLT Gain Adjustment 1

Test with specialized PLT QC as debugging, press “CTRL+F6” to pop up the dialog
box of PLT adjustment. Enter 4444 to adjust PLT gain value, making the peak of PLT is
7.4-8.0. See figure 6-7.

Peak of PLT: 7.4~8.0

Figure 6-7 PLT Gain Adjustment 2

6.3 Motor Test and Adjustment

Click ‘Service’ in software count interface and input ‘5555’ to enter motor test.

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 Chapter 6 Test

Figure 6-8 Motor Test and Adjustment

If motor parameter modification is needed, please input the value in the blank box at
the right side of corresponding parameter. Press ‘Enter’ to make your modification
succeed.
If motor test is needed, please input your value to the left side box and press ‘+’, then
the motor starts to work.

Figure 6-9 Parameters

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 Chapter 6 Test

6.4 Value Modification

Choose and double click the value in Test or Query interface to pop up the interface
shown as in Figure 6-10, and input new value in the chosen box.

Figure 6-10 Value Modification

6.5 Optical Debugging

Click ‘Service’, input ‘3333’ and press ‘Enter’ to go into optical debugging interface.
（See Figure 6-11）

Figure 6-11 Optical Debugging

NOTE: please take reference to Optical Module Installation & Debugging for details.
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 Chapter 6 Test

6.6 Optical Debugging

Click ‘Service’, input ‘77770’ and click ‘OK’ to enter Calibration---Others. The P_LCR,
MON%, EOS% and BASO% can be calibrated here.

Figure 6-12 Others

6.7 Software Upgrade

Figure 6-13 Upgrading Software

Double-click to run the installation program, install the software to the path in Figure
6-14. In most cases, this default path is appropriate.（D：\Program Files\UT5380）

Figure 6-14 Installation Path

6.8 Software Restarting

Click ‘×’ in top right corner to pop up the dialog box shown in Figure 6-15, click ‘Exit’ to
exit the program. Click software icon on your desktop to restart the software.

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 Chapter 6 Test

Figure 6-15 Software Restarting

6.9 Skipping Self-checking

It’s usually needed to restart the computer, the analyzer and the software in
maintenance. Press ‘Ctrl+F12’ as the interface shown in Figure6-16 comes out to skip
self-checking.

Figure 6-16 Skipping Self-checking

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 Chapter 7 Upgrade Process
7.1 Upgrade Process of Flow Program

7.1.1 Preparation

1、 Copy the flow process folder to the computer.

2、 Double click ‘HCL_MODEL’, see Figure 7-1.

Figure 7-1 Upgrading Software Icon

3、 Double click this icon and pop up the following interface. click ‘Download’.

Figure 7-2 Upgrading Interface

4、 Choose right serial, then the indicator lights, or, it’s grey.（See Figure7-3）

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 Chapter 7 Upgrade Process

Right serial, indicator lights, or it’s grey

double click
upgrading
Input the ID of
program
upgrading program
程序的 ID 号

Figure 7-3 Download Interface

5、 Click ‘Batch Download’ to upgrade all programs. Do remember to backup

parameters of ‘4444’ and ‘5555’.
6、 If upgrading signal program, click ‘Query’ to find it’s ID and then click ‘Cancel’ to
exit. Double click the upgrading program, input found ID, click ‘Download’ and
then restart the analyzer.

Files name and

corresponding ID

Figure 7-4 ID Query Interface

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 Chapter 7 Upgrade Process

7.2 BIOS Upgrade

Double click and the dialog box（see Figure7-5） pops up. Click
‘Configuration’ , the baud rate should be 115200, and the COM port should match with
the computer. Click ‘OK’ and exit.（See Figure7-6）

Figure 7-5 BIOS Upgrade

Figure 7-6 Baud Rate and Serial Selection

Choose ‘Connect’ in , and then choose ‘ASC mode’ in .

（See Figure7-7）

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 Chapter 7 Upgrade Process

Figure 7-7 BIOS Upgrade

Press ‘1’ to choose , and choose ‘Transmit’ in

（see Figure7-8） to find ‘UT5380_BIOS’. Double click it and pop up the

following interface.
Double click ‘UT5380_BIOS’ to see Figure7-8.

Figure 7-8 Downloading

comes out as downloading finished . Pressing

‘n’ means no running. Input ‘2’ and choose ,
see following figure.

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 Chapter 7 Upgrade Process

Figure 7-9 BIOS Upgrade

Press ‘0’ to choose , input ‘y’ to

finish upgrading（see Figure7-10）, exit and then restart the analyzer.

Figure 7-10 BIOS Upgrade

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 Chapter 8 Troubleshooting
8.1 Optical Troubleshooting

8.1.1 Stains on Sheath Flow Regulator

Wrong optical classification, it cannot be clearly classified the blood sample to 3 cell
populations. Please measure the 0°optical background voltage. Measurement method
please see Figure8-1.

Figure 8-1 0 ° Measurement method

Connect with multimeter and use DC, if the displayed voltage is within 1V, it’s
considered to be qualified. The background voltage may be a little bit high because of
stains on the lens. Remove the Sheath Flow Regulator so as not to irradiated by
laser.(See Figure 8-2) If the voltage is over 300mV, for example, the voltage is 2.3V as
laser going through the Sheath Flow Regulator, and voltage is 800mV as moving the
Sheath Flow Regulator away. Therefore, the outer-wall or inner-wall of Sheath Flow
Regulator is determined to be stained. Wipe around with a clean cloth and place it back
and check the voltage again. If it’s within 1.1V, which can be determined the outer-wall
stained. If it hasn’t obvious changes, inner-wall may stain. Open the green and black
connectors of optical flow interface, drain liquid in Sheath Flow Regulator via syringe
inserted into green connector and inject probe detergent which flows out from black
connector, soak it for a while and then do the background voltage test till getting
approximately same voltage.（See Figure 8-3）

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 Chapter 8 Troubleshooting

Figure 8-2 Remove Sheath Flow Regulator

Figure 8-3 Soak Inner-wall of Sheath Flow Regulator

8.1.2 Stains on Image Forming Lens

Make optical background voltage test, if it’s pretty high ( 5.6V in multimeter and 5.4V
as moving the Sheath Flow Regulator away), it can be determined to be image forming
mirror stained. Remove the image forming mirror, screw down the socket head cap
screws, unscrew the clamping ring, take the lens out and wipe it. Do not unscrew the set
screw and adjusting nut. (see Figure 8-4)
Clean up the two lens and put them face to face (convex to convex). Then place lens
into lens barrel and tighten the clamping ring. Test the background voltage till it drops to
1V. As installing the image forming lens, please making it as close to the Sheath Flow
Regulator. The light spot falls onto the strip light bar which is behind the Sheath Flow
Regulator, when laser passing through the image forming lens. (See Figure 8-5) Fine
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 Chapter 8 Troubleshooting

tuning the mirror 1 level knob (lower left corner), multimeter voltage displays maximum
value is better. Fine tuning the mirror 2 level knob (top right corner), multimeter voltage
displays minimum value is better.

Figure 8-4 Image-forming Mirror

Figure8-5 Sheath Flow Regulator

8.2 Change Sheath Flow Regulator

When the Sheath Flow Regulator loosens or falls off, please open the front shell and
the shield. If there’s liquid in the Sheath Flow Regulator, please change the Sheath Flow
Regulator or bond it again. Unplug the tubing of Sheath Flow Regulator, unscrew the
fixing screw, move the Sheath Flow Regulator away and take it out. Change a new Sheath
Flow Regulator and make the Sheath Flow Regulator reflected light (the highlight) shining
into the laser transmit aperture. Make 3333 sample test in Service. Fine tuning 0° and 10°
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 Chapter 8 Troubleshooting

knobs to make cell test value maximum. (see Figure 8-6）

Figure 8-6 Total Number of Cell

Adjust the direction of 90 °, unplug 90 °, 90 ° D signal lines in the ADFIFO board, or
open PMT tube shield and irradiate vertically against Sheath Flow Regulator by the
flashlight after turning off the power. There will be two large black vertical lines onto the
slit.

Figure 8-7 Parallel Lines of Slit Straight Line

Irradiate towards left or right 15 ° angle, the straight lines become arcs, just like
"brackets" shape. These two arcs should be tangent.（see Figure 8-8）

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 Chapter 8 Troubleshooting

Figure 8-8 Brackets Projection

If not, please loosen the cut-nail of microscope and turn the knob, making them
tangent.（see Figure 8-9）

Figure 8-9 Magnifier

Adjust Sheath Flow Regulator 90 ° knob, making the slit being in the middle of

straight lines.（see Figure 8-10）

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 Chapter 8 Troubleshooting

Figure 8-10 Parallel Lines of Slit Straight Line

Cover the PMT tube shield, turn on the power and make sample test. Please take

reference with the Optical Module Installation to debug.

Example which shows a not good optical debugging

Figure 8-11 Optical Debugging 1

Figure 8-12 Optical Debugging 2

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 Chapter 8 Troubleshooting

Figure 8-13 Optical Debugging 3

NOTE: there’s smear when testing old blood, which is normal. Cells shape changes and
form smear after placing in a long time.

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Manufacturer Name:URIT Medical Electronic Co.,Ltd.
Address:No.4 East Alley,Jiuhua Road,Guilin,Guangxi 541001,PR China
Tel:+86(773)2288586
Fax:+86(773)2288560
Web:www.urit.com
E-mail:service@uritest.com

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