on=-=---o co---=-=tlO

...
 Tips for Parents
Here are a few tips that will help your child
get the most out of the worksheets:

~. Let the child set the pace.

~. Provide a quiet place for the child to work.

~. Give the child colourful pencils to make it more fun.

~. Intervene only if the child asks for help.
Check completed work immediately and provide
feedback.
 Cardboard Camera

Did you know that cameras were in use long before photography was
invented? A box - or even a dark room - with a pinhole or lens in one
side can form an image on a screen positioned opposite.
This type of device is called a camera obscura (•darkened room») and
you can make your own from a cardboard box.

You will need

• Cardboard toilet-roll tube • Paper to decorate
• Small magnifying glass • Scissors
• Sheet of tracing paper • Sticky tape
• Empty cube-shaped tissue box

Making a camera obscura with a pinhole is possible but more

difficult than using a lens. For a sharp image you need a very small
hole. But smaller the hole, the less light will enter and darker will
be the image.

01
 Take an empty tissue box. On the
opposite side of the opening, hold the
cardboard tube and draw a circle

•
around it. Push a pencil through the
middle of the circle to make a hole
and then carefully cut out the circle
with scissors.

Step 2
Wrap the box with coloured paper ( without
covering up the openings) and secure it using
a tape. Tape a magnifying glass at the end of
the cardboard tube and slide the tube into
the hole you made in the box. It should easily
move in and out.

Cut a sheet of tracing paper and

tape it over the opening of the box.
It should be stretched, with no
foldings.

02
,- ' n

' Step 4
Point your camera towards a
bright object and move the lens in
and out until you see a sharp
image appearing on the screen. It
will be back to front and upside.

How does this work? F=-==-=====-=======::;7

When light from a bright object or scene

enters a darkened room or a box through a
pinhole, it projects an image of the world
outside. The pinhole focuses the light onto the
screen. Light rays pases through the pinhole
and forms an inverted image. Using a
magnifying glass, we can obtain a brighter
image.

Learning Outcome

03
Time and again, the term ((infinite» is known to have blown some
- 1 of the major minds in the disciplines of philosophy, metaphysics
and mathematics ever since its inception. Infinity is not a simple concept.
In layman>s language it can be called unbounded, indefinite, undefined,
inconceivable , formless, endless, eternity - the only limit is one>s
imagination!

Now if I ask you to name or jot down the biggest numbers that you know,
what would you do? Probably a quintillion, a decillion or a centillion? Or
say you could be impressive enough to answer a Googol , a Googolplex or
even a Googolplexian. But what if I tell you all these numbers are finite?
None of them are even close to infinity, because you could eventually
ccget there» _And infinity is not definite! A wonder, isn>t it?

The speculation of infinity is often said to have begun with the ancient
Greeks, but they were reluctant to accept the concept of actual infinite
in quantity. Their imagination extended only up to potential infinity. It was
Zeno of Elea, in Y50 BC, who brought to the fore his paradoxes involving
infinity.

04
 Since then> significant research and severe brainstorming has
.... been done by mathematicians and more subtle paradoxes were
conceived. The English mathematician> John Wallis is credited with
the introduction of the infinity symbol in 1655. The symbol oo>
which is the lazy eight curve> is called the lemniscates.

Although the concept of infinity itself is abstract> can one set of

infinity be more infinite than another set of infinity? Let us take up
two scenarios to answer this. One> make a list of natural numbers. It
starts with l and extends up to infinity> but you can count through all
of them if you had an infinite amount of time. Two> make a list of all
the points on a metre scale. Clearly the first number should be 0)
but what about the next one? Say 0.1. But 0 .01 is smaller than that>
so it should come before 0.1. And 0 .001 must come before 0 .01. For
every number you decide to mark as the second place on the scale>
you can find a smaller one. No matter what number you select> you
will be missing out on at least one other positive real number. The list
can never be completed. The former scenario is an illustration of
Countable Infinity. The latter is called Uncountable Infinity. As a
matter of fact> the uncountable infinity is somehow ((bigger» than
the countable infinity.

05
 The assumption that something truly infinite exists in nature
can be categorized into ((infinitely big 11 and ((infinitely small. 11
Space can have infinite volume1 time can continue forever)
there can be infinitely many physical objects. They are the
infinitely big ones. Infinitely small can be defined by the idea
that even a liter of space contains an infinite number of
points. It has been quite a struggle to understand the
pre-existing concepts and merge them with the modern ideas
to use the notion of infinity in a coherent manner.

However) despite being a subject of research for over 2000 years1

the existence of infinity still remains questionable. Does it really exist
or is it just a fabric of our imaginations? Will the tantalizing mystery
of infinite enigma ever be resolved to the satisfaction of logicians and
mathematicians? Infinity is undoubtedly one of the strangest) richest
and most dangerous notions mankind has invented. Here is how a sixth
grade student explained infinity:

06
Abstract theory with no basis in reality

Logical and consistent

08
 ~:: I

Did you know?

• •
,• Fact 1

• In many animated movies, such as Disney

1
, Fact 2
cartoons, the singing voice is often different
from the speaking voice of a character. For
example in Aladdin, one person says all of
Jasmine>s lines and another person sings her
songs!

09
Did you know?
The Jurassic Park dinosaur's terrifying
chomps and roars are actually a
combination of sounds from whales,
lions, alligators, tigers, elephants,
koalas and horses. The film-makers
didn t know what dinosaurs really
1

sounded like, so they made it upl

••
I I

Filmakers often record dialogues

separately from filming the video. Even
though you 1 re hearing the voice of the
actor speaking on-screen, it was very
likely recorded later! This is done to
make sure that the actors 1 voices are
balanced with the background noises.

10
 Detect a Static Charge

To charge a piece of plastic or a ball on, we rub it. But

how do we get to know if the object is charged or not
because static electricity is invisible. Electroscope is
a device which detects static charge.

You will need

• Glass jar with lid • Glue
• Wire coat hanger • Sticky tape
• Wire cutters • Pen
• Scissors • Cloth
• Drill • Thin metal foil

8tep 1

Cut a strip of thin metal foil from a

biscuit wrapper, about 1 cm wide and 6
cm long. A thinner foil is preferred.
Kitchen foil is too thick and won t work.
1

11
Step 2
Take a clean1 empty glass jar and
unscrew the lid. Ask an adult to drill a
hole in the lid just big enough for the
coat hanger wire to pass through.

Step 3
Ask an adult to cut about 8-10 cm of wire
from the coat hanger. Bend the end of the
piece of wire in L shape. Fold your strip of
JfilJ foil in two and hang it on the end of the wire.
Use a tiny spot of glue to hold the foil in place.

]filJ
Feed the other end of the wire through the hole in 1
~

the lid and screw the lid onto the jar. Pull the wire
through the lid far enough such that the foil is not
touching the bottom of the glass. If the wire does
not fit snugly in the hole1 use a spot of glue to keep
it in place.

12
Roll the rest of the foil from the biscuit wrapper
into a ball and push it onto the wire that is sticking
through the lid.

Qtep 6

Hold a plastic pen near the tin foil ball. Nothing happens. Now rub
the pen hard on a cloth and try again. The foil leaves inside the
jar fly apart, indicating a static charge.

13
,.
Flow does this work?
Your electroscope works because the foil and wire are conductors
- materials with electrons that can easily move from atom to atom.
When you rub the plastic pen and the cloth together> the pen gains
a negative charge. Moving the pen close to the tin foil ball repels
the electrons in ifi because electrons have a negative charge and
like charges repel one another. They move down the wire to the foil
leaves. The ball ends up with a positive charge and the leaves both
become negatively charged and repel each other. When you take
the pen away the electrons spread out evenly again and the leaves
come back together again.

Electrons leave the foil

ball> giving it a positive
charge ------+-e-'-+_+
+
+ + Electrons move
- - - - - - - d o w n the wire

The negatively charged

leaves push each other
apart

Learning Outcome

14
 Logical Reasoning

5
1. Choose the alternative which closely resembles the water 9
image of the word ADVANCE.

C HJvlAVDA

~ r/ /
2. Identify the figure that completes the ~ ~ ~
pattern. I J

f J
[
Learning Outcome Ji--- -===-----------

Analyse logically complex problems.

 Plant and Animal Cells
Read the clues and complete the crossword.

3
I \

6
L

8
L

9
s
10
E

Across Down
Y. Stores nutrients and is generally much larger
in plant cells than in animals. 1. Directs and controls all the other parts of the cell.

6. Processes and packages proteins and lipids in 2. The covering of the animal cell.
the cell.
3. Produces proteins and amino acids.
7. Provides the energy for the cell to move.
5. Contains chlorophyll.
8. Within the nucleus and produces ribosomes.

9. Contains the enzymes neccessary for

digestion within the cell.

10. Provides rigidity to the plant cell and is not

found in animal cells.

Learning Outcome

16
I 1 i ,
Squares and Square Roots

8quare Root Day 9

The 5th of May 2025 is a Square Root Day, because the date can be
written as 5/5/25.

1. Between which pair of whole numbers does the square root

of Y5 lie?

GJ Between Y and 5 (8 Between 5 and 6

0 Between 6 and 7 Q) Between 7 and 8

2. Estimate the square root of 50 to one decimal place.

G:) 6.9 ffi 7.1

0 7.9 Q) 8.Y

3. Is 252 a perfect square?

GJ Yes

Learning Outcome Ji.--..-----==~

Learn about squares and square roots of
numbers.
1. The value of 3.J(o.1 x 0.1 x 0.1 x 13 x 13 x 13) is:
9
0 -1 ffi 1.3
0 13

2. What is the cube root of 3732~8?

3. The largest four-digit number which is a perfect cube is:

G sooo IT) 9261

0 9999 G) 8Y68

~- What is the value of 3

'/-8 - 3-V-216?
0 -B IT) -Y

0 8

Learning Outcome >--- -- -

Learn about cubes and cube roots of
numbers.
 Percentage

2. The height of a mountain on a tropical island chang es due to

volcanic activity. When the mountain was last measure d, its height
was 2,930 metres. Now it is 20% shorter. Find the height of the
mountain.

3. Last year, Carmel Publ ic School's population was 850 students.

This year, the population is 867 students. W hat is the percent of
increase in the st udent po pulation?

Learning Outcome ,._- - --==~

Understand and interpret word problems
of percentage.
 1 '!
Compare Ratios --~---~

5 1. The ratio can be simplified by dividing both numbers by the 9

biggest common number.

a) What is the ratio of spiders to webs?

b) What is the simplified ratio of spiders to webs?

c) What is the simplified ratio of webs to spiders?

2. In July> Rachel s guitar store sold Y2 acoustic guitars and 35

1

electric guitars. In August they sold Y5 acoustic guitars and

26 electric guitars. During which month did the guitar store
sell a lower ratio of acoustic guitars to electric guitars?

0 July IT) August

0 Neither; the ratios are equivalent

Learning Outcome Ji.--..-------=~

Analyse and compute the problems of
ratio.
 Combustion
With the help of the given table> mark the combustible and non-combustible
substances of in your daily life.

Materials Combustible Non-Combustible

Wood

Paper

Iron nails

Kerosene oi I

Stone piece

Straw

Match sticks
-

Glass

Learning Outcome
C Structure of Flame

•Label
•
1.
•
a)
the diagram:

b)

c)

f)
e)

2. How many

r zone in a flame?
 I

Li. Which is the coolest zone in a flame?

5. What is the colour of innermost zone of flame?

6. What is the colour of outermost

artial combustion of fuel takes place?

Learning Outcome
 Cell Organelles
•
. Label the diagram:
•

I .C omplete the following sentences.

•• a. The jelly-like substance inside the cell but outside the nucleus
is _______________ .

b. The cell s powerhouses which release energy from food are

1

called ______________ .

c. _________ make most of the protein for the cell.

d. __________ act like storage areas within the cell.

e. Only plant cells have ________ and ___________ .

Learning Outcome

24
I Types of Cells
•
~entify the different types of cells.

1. skin cells

2. fat cells (E)

(A) 3. gland cells

.r r Y. muscle cells

,·1,.~·I
• • f •

5. cartilage cells (F)

~
'.J
(B) 6. bone cells

7. columnar cells _ _ _ __ (G)

(C)

(H)
(D)

Learning Outcome

25
 Answers

Logical Reasoning
1. b

2. a

The number of components in each row either increases or decreases

from left to right. In the third row, it increases.

Plant and Animal Cells

ACROSS: DOWN:
Y. Vacuole 1. Nucleus
6. Golgi 2. Cell membrane
7. Mitochondrion 3. Ribosome
8. Nucleolus 5. Chloroplast
9. Lysosome
D. Cell wall

26
 Answers

Squares and Square Roots

1. C

62 = 36 => J% = 6 and 72 = Y9 => -/Y9 = 7

Y5 lies between 36 and Y9
Soi -JY5 lies between J% and -/Y9
i.e.J -JY5lies between 6 and 7.

2. b
7 X 7yq =

8 x 8 = 6Y
50 is much closer to Y9 than 6Y1 so the square roots of 50 will be much closer
to 7 than 8.
Try 7.1: 7.1 x 7.1 = 50.Yl is as close as we can get using only one decimal place.

3. b
Express 252 as a product of prime factors.

2 252
2 126
3 63
3 21
7

So J 252 = 2 x2 x3 x3 x7 = 22 x 32 x 7

Since all the factors are not in pairs1 252 is not a perfect square.

27
 Cubes and Cube Roots
1

1. b
3
V(O.l x 0 .1 x 0.1 x 13 x 13 x 13) = 0.1 x 13 = 1.3

2. Find the prime factors of 3732Y8 as 2x2x2x2x2x2x2x2x2x3x3x3x3x3x3 =

29 X 36 = 23 X 23 X 23 X 33 X 33
Therefore> cube root of 3732Y8 = 2 x2 x2 x3 x3 = 72

3. b
8000 = 23 X 23 X 53
9261 = 33 X 7 3
9999 = 32 X 1111
Clearly the largest four digit number which has a perfect cube is 9261.

Y. C

-2 X -2 X -2 = -8
So l 3
'\J-8 = -2
Similarly>
-6 X -6 X -6 = -216
Soi 3 -{7ii6 = -6

Therefore> 3
'\J-8 - 3
'/-216 = -2 - (-6) = -2 + 6 = Y

28
 Answers

Percentage
1. 100% of original amount + 10% of original amount = 110% of original amount
Final amount 110% of original amount
=
110% of 90
=
1.190
=
1.1 X 90
=
99
=
Ben's average score this term is 99 points.
2. 100% of original amount - 20% of original amount = 80% of original amount
Final amount = 80% of original amount
= 80% of 2,930
= 0 .8 of 2,930
= 0.8 X 2930
2,3YY
=
The mountain is currently 2,3YY metres tall.
3. Plug 850 students and 867 students into the formula for percent of change
and simplify.
amount of change x lOO
Percent age o f c hange = - - - - - - -
original amount
= 86 7 - 850 X l00
850

2%=
The percent of increase in the student population is 2% .

Y amount of change
· Percentage of change = - - - - - - - x 100
original amount
= 915 - 610 X 100
610
50%
=
The percent of increase in the number of patients seen each year is
50%.

29
 Answers

Compare Ratios

l. a) 8 : 10
b) Y: 5
c) 5: Y

2.
a

In July, the ratio of acoustic guitars to electric guitars sold was Y2 to 35. In
August, the ratio was Y5 to 26.
We want to figure out which ratio is higher: ~~ or i~
We can compare the ratios more easily if we express them as percentages.
First write the ratio ~~ as a decimal. Then convert the decimal to a percentage.

Y2
- = 1.2 = 120%
35
Do the same thing for i~
Y5
- ~ 1.73077 = 173.077%
26
Now compare the percentages.
120% is smaller than 173.077%.
Rachel's guitar store sold a lower ratio of acoustic guitars to electric guitars
during July.

30
 Answers

Combustion
Combustible: Non-Combustible:

Wood Iron nails

Paper Stone piece
Kerosene oil Glass
Straw
Match sticks

Structure of Flame
Hottest
1. art

a) Hottest part
Moderately
b) Outer zone hot

c) Moderately hot
d) Middle zone
zone
Least hot
e) Least hot
f) Innermost zone

• Outer zone - Zone of complete combustion (Blue)

• Middle zone - Zone of partial combustion (Yellow)

• Innermost zone - Zone of unburnt wax vapours (black)

31
 Answers

2. A flame consists of three zones.

3. Outer zone is the hottest part of the flame.

Y. Inner zone is the coolest part of the flame .

5. The innermost zone of a flame is dark or black.

6. The outermost zone of a flame is blue.

7. The various zones of candle flame are innermost zone, middle zone, and
outerzone. The three zones of a flame have different colours and

different temperature.

8. The fuel vapours burn partially in the middle zone because there is not

enough air for burning in this zone. The partial burning of fuel in the

middle zone produces carbon particles. These carbon particles then leave

the flame as smoke and soot.

32
 Answers
Cell Organelles

Animal Cell Plant Cell

and organelles and organelles
1.

Mitochondria

Ribosomes

I Nucleus

Nuclear Membrane

j Vacuole !

IChloroplast J

2.
a) cytoplasm

b) mitochondria

c) Ribosomes

d) Vacuoles

e) cell walls, chloroplasts

Type of Cells

I. C 2. G 3. F Y. A 5. D 6. E 7B 8. H

33