Srlkght
]gplrt

Ilegs lb Gxghutdla lb 

Eghrggs
Xumidttge Ul;
Er. Fjrja Kjwjaej

Xumidttge My;
]gwjat Ignrj
:
 

?8/:2
M.J. @@M. (Nlas.)
Xgigstgr - >
Xghtdla ‘ M

JHFAL_@GEOIGAU

Jpjr
Jpjrtt brli
brli tng
tng gb
gbbl
blrt
rtss lb iysg
iysg`b
`b,, tng
tng suhh
suhhgs
gsss lb ja
jay
y pr
prlk
lkgh
ghtt eg
egpg
pgae
aess `j
`jro
rog`
g`y
y la tn
tngg
gahlurjogigat jae oudeg`dags lb ijay ltngrs. D tjfg tnds lpplrtuadty tl gxprgss iy orjtdtueg tl
tng pglp`g wnl njvg mgga dastruigatj` da tng suhhgssbu` hlip`gtdla lb tnds prlkght. D wlu`e `dfg
tl snlw iy orgjtgst jpprghdjtdla tl Er. Fjrja Kjwjaej. D hja—t sjy tnjaf ylu galuon blr ngr 
trgigaelus supplrt jae ng`p. D bgg` iltdvjtge jae gahlurjoge gvgry tdig D jttgae ngr h`jss.
_dtnlut ngr gahlurjogigat jae oudejahg tnds prlkght wlu`e alt njvg ijtgrdj`dzge. Ung oudejahg
jae supplrt rghgdvge brli j`` tng igimgrs wnl hlatrdmutge jae wnl jrg hlatrdmutdao tl tnds
 prlkght, wjs vdtj` blr tng suhhgss lb tng prlkght. D ji orjtgbu` blr
blr tngdr hlastjat supplrt jae ng`p.

Ilrglvgr, D wlu`e `dfg tl jhfalw`geog iy bjid`y jae brdgaes blr tng oudejahg jae supplrt tngy
odvg. Ung gbblrt ds js iuhn ds tngdrs js ds idag.

]G_JAU IGN]J

M.J.@@.M (NLAX.)

>UN XGI

?8/:2

=
 

UJM@G LB HLAUGAUX

DAU]LEWHUDLA…………………………………………………...5

GZWJ@ SJT BL] GZWJ@ _L]F…………………………..……7

HJXG @J_………...…………………………………….…………2

  ]JAEND] XDAON R/X WLD……………….…………………………2- :3

  MGAHN ………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………….…….2 
…………….…….2 

  BJHUX……………………………………………………………………….………….……2 

  J]OWIGAU JERJAHGE MT SGUDUDLAG]……………………………………

SGUDUDLAG]……………………………………………? 
………? 

  J]OWIGAU JERJAHGE MT ]GXSLAEGAU………………………………….……….>

]GXSLAEGAU………………………………….……….>

  KWEOIGAU…………………………………………………………………………..……….4

HLAH@WXDLA……………………………………………………….::

MDM@DLO]JSNT……………………………………………………..:=

8
 

DAU]LEWHUDLA

Ung hleg `jy elwa vjrdlus

vjrdlus ilegs lb gxghutdla.
gxghutdla. Jbtgr tng eghrgg-nl`eg
eghrgg-nl`egrr bd`gs ja jpp`dhjtdla
jpp`dhjtdla blr 
gxghutdla lb j eghrgg, tng gxghutdao hlurt hja gablrhg gxghutdla. Ung sumstjatdvg prlvdsdla
(sghtd
(sghtdla
la 7: ‐ igrg`y
igrg`y gauigr
gauigrjtg
jtgss edbbgr
edbbgrgat
gat ilegs
ilegs lb gxghut
gxghutdla
dla da ogagrj`
ogagrj` tgris,
tgris, wnd`g
wnd`g tng
hlaedtdlas jae tng `didtjtdlas uaegr wndhn j`lag tng rgspghtdvg ileg hja mg jvjd`ge lb jrg
 prgshrdmge burtngr my edbbgrgat prlvdsdlas’.(Lregr =:)

J eghrgg ijy mg gablrhge my tng eg`dvgry lb jay prlpgrty spghdbdge da tng eghrgg, my jttjhnigat
jae sj`g lr my sj`g wdtnlut jttjhnigat lb jay prlpgrty, lr my jrrgst jae egtgatdla da hdvd` prdsla
lb tng kueoigat-egmtlr lr my jppldatdao j rghgdvgr, lr my gbbghtdao pjrtdtdla, lr da suhn ltngr 
ijaagr js ajturg lb tng rg`dgb ijy rgqudrg.

G^GHWUDLA; _nga j pgrsla lmtjdas j eghrgg brli j hlurt lb `jw jojdast jaltngr pgrsla, nds
agxt stgp ds tl ogt tng eghrgg sjtdsbdge. Ung prlhggedao my wndhn ng ilvgs tng hlurt blr 
sjtdsbjhtdla lb eghrgg ds hj``ge gxghutdla prlhggedaos.

Gxghutdla ds tng igedui my wndhn j eghrgg nl`egr hlastrjdas tng kueoigat-egmtlr tl el tng
hliijae lb tng eghrgg lr lregr js tng hjsg ijy mg. Dt giplwgrs tng eghrgg nl`egr tl rghlvgr tng
 prleuhts lb tng kueoigat. Ung gxghutdla ds bdadsnge wnga tng kueoigat-hrgedtlr lr eghrgg nl`egr 
ogts hjsn lr ltngr tndao orjatge tl ndi my kueoigat, eghrgg lr lregr.

Ung tgri ‐gxghutdla’

‐gxghutdla’ njs alt mgga egbdage da tng hleg. Ung gxprgssdla
gxprgssdla ‐gxghutdla’
‐gxghutdla’ sdip`y
sdip`y
igjas tng prlhgss
prlhgss blr gablrhdao
gablrhdao lr odvdao gbbght
gbbght tl tng kueoigat lb tng hlurt. Ung prdahdp`gs
prdahdp`gs
olvgradao gxghutdla lb eghrgg jae lregrs jrg egj`t wdtn da Xghtdlas 82 tl ?5 jae Lregr =: lb tng

Hdvd` Srlhgeurg Hleg.

5
 

Lregr =: lb tng Hleg lb Hdvd` Srlhgeurg egj`s wdtn tng sl`gia jht lb gxghutdla lb tng eghrggs
 pjssge my tng Hlurts brli orjssrllts tl tng tlp. W`tdijtg`y, jbtgr tng kueoigat jttjdas bdaj`dty lr 
wngrg tngrg ds al stjy da tng gxghutdla my jay Jppg``jtg lr ]gvdsdlaj` Hlurt, dt ds tng Hlurt lb 
lrdodaj` kurdsedhtdla wndhn pgrblris tnds sjhrge jht lb dip`gigatjtdla lb tng gxghutdla Js suhn,
tng eghrggs jrg rgqudrge tl mg gxghutge wdtn blrhg, sl tnjt tng Eghrgg Nl`egr njvdao j elhuigat
hlatjdadao egh`jrjtdla lb nds rdonts ijy alt bgg` hngjtge lr ng`p`gss njvdao gjrage al brudts lb 
tng @ds olt sgtt`ge my ndi brli tng Hlurt gvga jbtgr spgaedao eghjegs j`tlogtngr.

HNLDHG LB ILEG LB G^GHWUDLA

Ung hleg j``lws ilrg tnja lag ileg lb gxghutdla lb eghrggs. Js j ogagrj` ru`g, j eghrgg-nl`egr 
njs ja lptdla tl hnllsg j pjrtdhu`jr ileg lb gxghutdao jae gablrhdao j eghrgg pjssgs my j
hlipgtgat
hlipgtgat hlurt da nds bjvlur. Dt ds blr ndi tl eghdeg da wndhn ileg ng wd`` gxghutg nds eghrgg.
Unds plwgr nlwgvgr, ds ‐sumkght tl suhn hlaedtdlas jae `didtjtdla js ijy mg prgshrdmge’ my tng

hleg. Dt ds j`sl sumkght tl tng edshrgtdla lb tng hlurt.

Ungrg jrg vjrdlus ilegs lb gxghutdla tnjt ds jhhgptjm`g jhhlredao tl Xghtdla 7: lb
7: lb tng Hleg lb 
Hrdidaj` Srlhgeurg. Jhhlredao tl tnds sghtdla, tng vjrdlus ilegs lb gxghutdla lb j eghrgg jrg;

 Eg`dvgry lb jay prlpgrty wndhn ds spghdbdhj``y igatdlage da tng eghrgg6

 Jttjhnigat jae sj`g lb prlpgrty6

 Xj`g wdtnlut ja jttjhnigat lb prlpgrty6

 Ung jrrgst lb tng kueoigat egmtlr6

 Egtgatdla lb tng kueoigat egmtlr6

 Jppldatigat lb j rghgdvgr.

Xghtdla 5?
5? lb
 lb tng Hleg lb Hdvd` Srlhgeurg prlvdegs hgrtjda qugstdlas tl mg egtgridage my tng
Hlurt mgblrg gxghutdao tng eghrgg. Ung Hlurt njs tl egtgridag j`` qugstdlas jrdsdao mgtwgga tng
 pjrtdgs tl tng sudt, `dfg;

 Gxghutdla lb eghrgg6

Ung sjtdsbjhtdla lb eghrgg6

7
 

 Edshnjrog lb tng eghrgg6

 Ung Hlurt hja j`sl egtgridag wngtngr tng pgrsla ds rgprgsgatjtdvg lb j pjrty lr al
alt.
t.

Ung jpp`dhjtdla lb gxghutdla njs tl mg bd`ge my tng eghrgg-nl`egr jae tng jpp`dhjtdla hja gdtngr 
 mg ja lrj` jpp`dhjtdla lr wrdttga jpp`dhjtdla.

XDIW@UJAGLWX
XDIW@UJAGLWX G^GHWUDLA

=: lb
Lregr ^^D ]u`g =:  lb tng Hleg lb Hdvd` Srlhgeurg egj`s wdtn tng sdiu`tjaglus gxghutdla.
Jhhlredao tl tnds ru`g, tng hlurt da dts edshrgtdla ijy rgbusg gxghutdla jojdast tng pgrsla jae
 prlpgrty lb tng kueoigat-egmtlr jt tng sjig tdig.

2
 

EDXH]GUDLA LB HLW]U

8> lb tng Hleg lb Hdvd` Srlhgeurg prlvdegs tnjt tngrg jrg twl hlurts wndhn jrg hl
Xghtdla 8> lb hlipgtgat
ipgtgat
tl gxghutg tng eghrgg, tngy jrg;

 Ung Hlurt wndhn njs pjssge dt6

 Ung Hlurt wngrg dt ds sgat blr gxghutdla.

84 lb tng Hleg lb Hdvd` Srlhgeurg

Xghtdla 84 lb Srlhgeurg prlvdegs tng ru`gs rgojredao
rgojredao tng trjasbgr
trjasbgr lb eghrgg tl
ltngr Hlurts blr gxghutdla. Jhhlredao tl tnds Xghtdla, tng Hlurt hja trjasbgr tng eghrgg tl
jaltng
jaltngrr Hlurt
Hlurt lb hlipgt
hlipgtgat
gat kurdse
kurdsedht
dhtdla
dla jbtgr
jbtgr tng jpp`dhj
jpp`dhjtdl
tdla
a lb eghrgg
eghrgg-nl`
-nl`egr
egrss blr vjrdlu
vjrdluss
rgjslas `dfg;

 Ung pgrsla jojdast wnli tng eghrgg ds pjssge

pjssge rgsdegs
rgsdegs lr hjrrdgs
hjrrdgs lut musdagss
musdagss wdtnda tng
`lhj` `didts lb tng kurdsedhtdla lb ltngr Hlurts.

 Ung prlpgrty lb tng pgrsla ds alt wdtnda tng kurdsedhtdla lb tng Hlurt pjssdao tng eghrgg,
tnga tng gxghutdla lregr hja mg trjasbgrrge tl ltngr hlurts tnjt jrg hlipgtgat.

 Db tng eghrgg njs prlvdege edrghtdlas tl sg`` tng prlpgrty lr eg`dvgr tng prlpgrty tnjt ds alt
sdtujtge wdtnda tng kurdsedhtdla lb tng hlurt, tnga tng gxghutdla
gx ghutdla lregr hja mg trjasbgrrge.

 Ung Hlurt wd`` j`sl tjfg ltngr vj`de rgjslas datl hlasdegrjtdla ltngr tnja tngsg rgjslas.

Ung Hlurt la dts lwa iltdla hja trjasbgr tng gxghutdla lregr tl sumlredajtg hlurts lr ltngr 
hlurts lb hlipgtgat kurdsedhtdla. Lregr ^^D ]u`g 2 prlvdegs
2  prlvdegs vjrdlus prlhgeurgs tnjt njvg tl mg

bl``lwge wnga tng hlurt egsdrgs tl trjasbgr tng eghrgg tl tng ltngr hlurt blr gxghutdla. _nga

?
 

tngrg ds j trjasbgr, tnga tng elhuigats rg`jtdao tl tng hjsg `dfg j hlpy lb eghrgg jae hgrtdbdhjtg blr 
tng sjtdsbjhtdla lb tng eghrgg snlu`e mg sgat tl tng `jttgr Hlurt js igatdlage da ]u`g 2. Xghtdla
53 lb
53 lb tng Hleg lb Hdvd` Srlhgeurg j``lws tng Hlurt tl trjasbgr tng hjsg tl hlipgtgat Hlurts da
jaltngr Xtjtg. Xghtdla
Xghtdla 5=
5= lb
 lb tng Hleg lb Hdvd` Srlhgeurg prlvdegs
prlvdegs tng Hlurt wngrg tng eghrgg ds
trjasbgrrge blr gxghutdla wd`` njvg tng sjig plwgrs js db tng eghrgg wjs pjssge my tnjt Hlurt.

ILEGX LB G^GHWUDAO EGH]GGX

Ungrg jrg vjrdlus wjys tl gxghutg j eghrgg, tng Hlurt njs tl bl``lw tng jpprlprdjtg ru`gs
:3,, ja jpp`dhjtdla
 prlvdege da Lregr =: wnd`g gxghutdao j eghrgg. Jhhlredao tl Lregr ^^D ]u`g :3
njs tl mg bd`ge da tng Hlurt my tng eghrgg-nl`egr db ng e
egsdrgs
gsdrgs tl gxghutg dt.

Eg`dvgry lb prlpgrty

Eg`dvgry lb prlpgrty ds lag lb tng ilst bjilus ilegs lb gxghutdao j trgjty. Jhhlredao tl Lregr 
^^D ]u`g ?4,
?4, dt ds sjde tnjt wnga tng prlpgrty tnjt ds sl`e ds j ilvjm`g prlpgrty lb wndhn jhtuj`
sgdzurg njs mgga ijeg, dt snj`` mg eg`dvgrge tl tng purhnjsgr. ]u`g 87 lb
87 lb tng Lregr ^^D edshussgs
tng ru`gs rgojredao tng eghrgg lb diilvjm`g prlpgrty. Jhhlredao tl tnds ru`g,

 _nga tng eghrgg ds blr tng eg`dvgry lb diilvjm`g prlpgrty, tng prlpgrty hja mg eg`dvgrge
tl tng pgrsla tl wnli dt njs mgga jekueoge lr tl tng rgprgsgatjtdvg lb tnjt pgrsla6


Unds eg`dvgry njs tl mg ijeg jbtgr rgilvdao jay pgrsla mluae my tng eghrgg wnl rgbusgs
tl vjhjtg tng prlpgrty6

 _nga tng eghrgg ds blr tng kldat plssgssdla lb tng diilvjm`g prlpgrty, tng plssgssdla
snj`` mg eg`dvgrge jbtgr jbbdxdao tng hlpy lb tng wjrrjat da j p`jhg tnjt ds vdsdm`g6

 _nga tng pgrsla da plssgssdla ds alt prlvdedao brgg jhhgss tl tng prlpgrty, tnga tng Hlurt
hja rgilvg lr lpga jay `lhf lr ml`t lr mrgjf lpga jay ellr lr el jay ltngr jht aghgssjry
blr puttdao tng eghrgg-nl`egr da plssgssdla jbtgr odvdao prlpgr wjradao tl tng wliga da
tnjt prlpgrty.

>
 

Jttjhnigat jae sj`g lb prlpgrty

Xghtdla 23 
23  lb tng Hleg lb Hdvd` Srlhgeurg prlvdegs tng `dst lb prlpgrtdgs wndhn jrg `djm`g tl
jttjhnigat jae sj`g da gxghutdla lb tng eghrgg. Ung `dst wndhn ds `djm`g tl mg jttjhnge blr 
gablrhgigat lb eghrgg jhhlredao tl tnds Xghtdla ds;

 @jae6

 Nlusgs lr ltngr mud`edaos6

 Olles jae Ilagy6

 Mjafaltgs jae hngqugs6

 Md`` lb gxhnjaogs jae prlidsslry altgs6

 Nuaeds6

 Olvgraigat Xghurdtdgs, mlaes jae ltngr sghurdtdgs blr ilagy6

 Egmts6

 Xnjrgs da tng hlrplrjtdla6

 J`` ltngr sj`gjm`g prlpgrty tnjt mg`laos tl tng kueoigat-egmtlr wndhn hja mg ilvjm`g lr 
diilvjm`g.

Xghtdla 2: lb
2: lb tng Hleg lb Hdvd` Srlhgeurg prlvdegs j pjrtdj` gxgiptdla lb jordhu`turj` prleuhg.

8 lb tng Hleg lb Hdvd` Srlhgeurg prlvdegs tnjt db tng diilvjm`g prlpgrty ds
Lregr ^^D, ]u`g 8 lb
`lhjtge da ilrg tnja tng `lhj` `didts lb tng kurdsedhtdla lb lag lr ilrg hlurts, tnga lag lb tng
:8, tngrg
Hlurt hja sg`` jae jttjhn tng prlpgrty. Jhhlredao tl Lregr ^^D, ]u`g :8,  tngrg njs tl mg hgrtjda
dablrijtdl
dablrijtdla
a da tng jpp`dhjtd
jpp`dhjtdla
la blr jttjhnigat
jttjhnigat lb diilvjm`g prlpgrty. Jhhlredao
Jhhlredao tl Lregr ^^D,
]u`g 8:, tng
8:, tng eghrgg blr tng spghdbdh ilvjm`g prlpgrty hja mg gxghutge my;

 Xgdzurg lb tng prlpgrty db dt ds prjhtdhjm`g6

 Eg`dvgry lb tng prlpgrty tl tng pgrsla wnli dt njs mgga jekueoge6

 Ung egtgatdla lb kueoigat-egmtlr da tng hdvd` prdsla.

4
 

]u`g 5: lb
5: lb tng Lregr ^^D prlvdegs plwgr tl prlvdeg lregrs tl tng Hlurt tl gxjidag tng prlpgrty
lb kueoigat egmtlr. Ung hlurt ijy prlvdeg lregrs tl tng kueoigat egmtlr lr lbbdhgrs da tng hjsg
lb bdris tl sumidt tng rg`gvjat mllfs jae elhuigats blr gxjidajtdla. Ung vj`ug lb tng prlpgrty
ds jssgssge da lregr tl gxjidag wngtngr dt wlu`e mg subbdhdgat blr sjtdsbydao tng eghrgg. Ung
 kueoigat egmtlr, tng lbbdhgr da tng hjsg lb hlrplrjtdlas jae jay ltngr rg`gvjat pgrsla hja mg
lrj``y gxjidage. Jhhlredao tl Xghtdla 25 lb
25 lb tng Hleg lb Hdvd` Srlhgeurg, jay prdvjtg j`dgajtdla
lr trjas
trjasbg
bgrr lb prlpg
prlpgrt
rty
y jb
jbtg
tgrr tng
tng jt
jttj
tjhni
hnigat
gat,, tnga
tnga tn
tngg tr
trja
jasb
sbgr
gr wlu`
wlu`e
e mg hlasd
hlasdeg
egrg
rge
e js
vlde. Xghtdla ?5 lb
?5 lb tng Hleg lb Hdvd` Srlhgeurg prlvdegs plwgr tl jrrgst tng kueoigat-egmtlr db 
tngy njvg lmstruhtge lr rgstrdhtge tng eghrgg-nl`egr brli lmtjdadao plssgssdla lb jay diilvjm`g
 prlpgrty. Ung kueoigat egmtlr hja mg egtjdage da prdsla blr tndrty ejys my tng lregr lb tng Hlurt.

Jrrgst jae egtgatdla

77 lb tng Hleg lb Hdvd` Srlhgeurg egj`s wdtn vjrdlus ru`gs rgojredao tng jrrgst jae
Xghtdla 77 lb

egtgatdla. Jhhlredao tl tnds Xghtdla,

 Ung kueoigat-egmtlr hja mg jrrgstge jt jay tdig lb tng ejy jae hja mg mrluont mgblrg tng
Hlurt.

 Ung egtgatdla lb tng Kueoigat egmtlr snlu`e mg da hdvd` prdsla.

  Al lbbdhgr hja gatgr tng ewg``dao-nlusg jbtgr suasgt jae mgblrg suardsg blr ijfdao ja
jrrgst.

 Ung lbbdhgr snlu`e rg`gjsg tng kueoigat egmtlr

e gmtlr lahg tng jiluat ds pjde.

8? lb tng Lregr ^^D da tng Hleg lb Hdvd` Srlhgeurg prlvdegs edshrgtdlajry plwgr tl tng
]u`g 8? lb
 kueoigat egmtlr tl snlw hjusg jojdast egtgatdla da prdsla. Jhhlredao tl tnds ru`g;

 _ngrg tng jpp`dhjtdla ds ijeg blr tng gxghutdla lb tng eghrgg blr tng pjyigat lb ilagy
 my tng jrrgst jae egtgatdla lb j kueoigat-egmtlr da tng hdvd` prdsla, tnga tng Hlurt
 prlvdegs ja lpplrtuadty tl tng kueoigat egmtlr tl snlw hjusg wny ng snlu`e alt mg sgat
tl tng hdvd` prdsla.

 Ung Hlurt prlvdegs altdhg tl tng kueoigat egmtlr tl jppgjr mgblrg tng hlurt la j

spghdbdge ejtg jae prlvdeg snlw hjusg.

:3
 

 Ung Hlurt wd`` j`sl alt prlvdeg tng altdhg da hgrtjda sdtujtdlas, blr gxjip`g, db tng hlurt
bgg`s dt wlu`e eg`jy tng prlhgss lb gxghutdla lr tng kueoigat egmtlr idont jmshlae
wdtnda tnjt tdig.

Jhhlredao tl ]u`g 8>

8>,, tng wjrrjat blr tng jrrgst lb tng kueoigat egmtlr wd`` edrght tng lbbdhgr 

jutnlrdsge blr gxghutdla tl prleuhg ndi da tng Hlurt wdtnda j rgjslajm`g tdig. ]u`g 84 lb
84 lb Lregr 
^^D ds ja diplrtjat prlvdsdla tnjt egj`s wdtn tng sumsdstgahg j``lwjahg. Ung eghrgg-nl`egr njs
tl pjy j hgrtjda sui tnjt ds bdxge my tng Hlurt blr tng ijdatgajahg lb tng kueoigat egmtlr da tng
hdvd` prdsla brli tng tdig lb nds jrrgst uatd` ng hja mg mrluont mgblrg tng Hlurt. Al kueoigat
egmtlr hja mg jrrgstge db tng eghrgg-nl`egr njs alt pjde tng sumsdstgahg j``lwjahg. Xghtdla 72 lb 
72 lb 
tng Hleg lb Hdvd` Srlhgeurg prlvdegs prltghtdla tl wliga jae jhhlredao tl tnds Xghtdla, wliga
hjaalt mg jrrgstge da tng gxghutdla lb tng eghrgg blr ilagy. Ung shj`g blr tng ilatn`y j``lwjahg
ds bdxge uaegr Xghtdla 7? lb
7? lb tng Hleg lb Hdvd` Srlhgeurg
Srlhgeurg lr g`sg Hlurt hja bdx ja jiluat tnjt dt
tndafs ds subbdhdgat. Ung pjyigat njs tl mg ijeg da jevjahg tl tng jutnlrdzge lbbdhgr da tng
 mgodaadao jae tng lbbdhgr lb prdsla da tng `jtgr stjog. Ung suis edsmursge my tng eghrgg-nl`egr 
blr tng sumsdstgahg lb tng kueoigat-egmtlr da tng hdvd` prdsla jae dt snj`` mg eggige tl mg hlsts da
53 prlvd
tng sudt. ]u`g 53 prlvdegs
egs vjrdlus prlhggedaos
prlhggedaos tnjt njvg tl mg bl``lwge jbtgr tng jppgjrjahg
jppgjrjahg lb 
 kueoigat egmtlr jbtgr prlvdedao tng altdhg. Xghtdla 7>
7> lb
 lb tng Hleg lb Hdvd` Srlhgeurg egj`s wdtn
tng ru`gs rgojredao tng egtgatdla jae rg`gjsg. Jhhlredao tl tnds sghtdla, tng kueoigat-egmtlr hja
 mg egtjdage da tng hdvd` prdsla;

 Blr j pgrdle alt gxhggedao tnrgg ilatns- _nga tng eghrgg jiluat ds ilrg tnja j
tnlusjae rupggs6

 Blr j pgrdle alt gxhggedao sdx wggfs- _nga tng eghrgg jiluat ds blr tng pjyigat lb j
sui lb ilagy gxhggedao bdvg nuaerge rupggs, mut alt gxhggedao lag tnlusjae rupggs.

Xghtdla
Xghtdla 74
74 lb
 lb tng Hleg lb Hdvd` prlhgeurg prlvdegs tng kueoigat egmtlr hja mg rg`gjsge la tng
orluaes lb d``agss.

Jppldatigat
Jppldatigat lb rghgdvgr

Lr
Lregr
egr ^@ lb tng
tng Hleg
Hleg lb Hd
Hdvd
vd`` Sr
Srlh
lhge
geur
urgs
gs hl
hlat
atjd
jdas
as vjrdl
vjrdlus
us pr
prlv
lvds
dsdl
dlas
as rg
rg`j
`jtd
tdao
ao tl tn
tngg
jppldatigat lb j rghgdvgr. Ung Hlurt wd`` j`sl bdx jpprlprdjtg rgiuagrjtdla blr tng sgrvdhgs

::
 

 prlvdege my tng rghgdvgr. Ung Hlurt hja jppldat ja dipjrtdj` pgrsla falwa js j rghgdvgr mgblrg
lr jbtgr tng eghrgg blr;

 Ijajogigat jae prltghtdla lb tng prlpgrty6

 Ung hl``ghtdla lb tng rgats jae prlbdts6

 Ung jpp`dhjtdla jae edsplsj` lb rgats jae prlbdts6

 Ung gxghutdla lb elhuigats6

 Ung Hlurt j`sl prlvdegs ltngr plwgrs tnja tng jmlvg-igatdlage plwgr db dt tndafs bdt.

Ungrg jrg vjrdlus eutdgs lb j rghgdvgr tnjt ds prlvdege da tnds Lregr `dfg;

 Buradsndao jay sghurdty jsfge my tng Hlurt6

 Xumidssdla
Xumidssdla lb jhhluats
jhhluats jt pgrdles tnjt ng ds jppldatge
jppldatge jae da suhn blri js tng Hlurt

edrghts6

 Mgdao rgsplasdm`g blr jay `lss tnjt njs lhhurrge tl tng prlpgrty my tng wd`bu` egbju`t lr 
orlss ago`dogahg lb tng rghgdvgr6

 Sjydao tng jiluat eug tl ndi js tng Hlurt edrghts.

Ung Hlurt hja j`sl sligtdigs jttjhn jae sg`` tng prlpgrty lb tng rghgdvgr da lregr tl rghlvgr tng
`lss
`lss lh
lhhur
hurrg
rge
e mghju
mghjusg
sg lb ndi
ndi ja
jae
e hj
hja
a odvg
odvg tng
tng rg
rgij
ijda
dada
dao
o jilu
jiluat
at tl tn
tngg rg
rghg
hgdv
dvgr
gr jb
jbtg
tgr 
r 
hlipgasjtdao tng `lss. Ung Hl``ghtlr hja j`sl mg jppldatge js j rghgdvgr wnga tng prlpgrty ds

`jae tnjt ds pjydao rgvgaug tl tng Olvgraigat lr tng `jae da wndhn tng rgvgaug njs mgga
jssdoage lr rgeggige, tng Hlurt hja jppldat j Hl``ghtlr js tng rghgdvgr wdtn tngdr hlasgat.

Sjrtdtdla

^^ lb
]u`g :> lb tng Lregr ^^  lb tng Hleg lb Hdvd` Srlhgeurg egj`s wdtn tng eghrgg da tng sudt blr 
 pjrtdtdla lb prlpgrty. _nga tng Hlurt pjssgs tng eghrgg blr pjrtdtdla lb jay ilvjm`g lr 
diilvjm`g prlpgrty jae db tngrg ds jay edbbdhu`ty da pjrtdtdla tng Hlurt hja pjss j prg`didajry
eghrgg wndhn h`gjr`y egijrhjtgs tng edbbgrgat rdonts lb tng prlpgrty. _nga tng eghrgg lb pjrtdtdla
rg`jtgs
rg`jtgs tl tng gstjtg jssgssge
jssgssge tl tng pjyigat lb rgvgaug tl tng Olvgraigat,
Olvgraigat, tng pjrtdtdla
pjrtdtdla hja mg

:=
 

ijeg my tng Hl``ghtlr

Hl``ghtlr lr jay ltngr ojzgttge lbbdhgr wnl ds sumlredajtg
sumlredajtg tl tng Hl``ghtlr
Hl``ghtlr jae tng
ojzgttge lbbdhgr njs tl mg jppldatge my tng Hl``ghtlr tngisg`vgs.

Hrlss-eghrggs jae hrlss-h`jdis

^^D prlvdegs
]u`g :> lb tng Lregr ^^D  prlvdegs ru`gs rgojredao tng gxghutdla da hjsgs lb hrlss-eghrggs. Ung
jpp`dhjtdla lb hrlss eghrggs hja mg gxghutge my tng Hlurt jt tng sjig tdig wnga tng jpp`dhjtdlas
jrg ijeg tl j Hlurt da sgpjrjtg sudts blr tng pjyigat lb twl suis lb ilagy pjssge mgtwgga tng
sjig pjrtdgs da vjrdlus sdtujtdlas6 `dfg, db tng twl suis jrg gquj`, tnga tng sjtdsbjhtdla snj`` mg
gatgrge upla mltn eghrggs. Ungrg jrg j`sl sdtujtdlas db tng twl suis jrg uagquj` tnga dt hja mg
gxghutge la`y my tng nl`egr lb tng eghrgg blr tng `jrogr sui jae blr tng jiluat wndhn rgijdas
jbtgr egeuhtdao tng sij``gr sui. Unds hjaalt mg jpp`dge wnga tng eghrgg-nl`egr da lag lb tng
sudts ds tng kueoigat-egmtlr da tng ltngr jae gjhn pjrty bd`gs tng sjig hnjrjhtgr da mltn tng sudts.
Blr gxjip`g, db J nl`es j eghrgg jojdast M blr ]s. :,333. M nl`es j eghrgg jojdast J blr tng

 pjyigat lb ]s. :,333 da tnjt hjsg tnga tng eghrgg hja mg gxghutge jt tng sjig tdig jae hja mg
sjtdsbdge js tng jiluat ds gquj`.

^^D prlvd
]u`g :4 lb tng Lregr ^^D  prlvdegs
egs ru`gs rgojredao tng gxghutdla
gxghutdla da hjsgs lb hrlss-h`j
hrlss-h`jdis.
dis. Dt ds
hlasdegrge js j hrlss-h`jdi wnga tng jpp`dhjtdla ds ijeg tl j Hlurt blr tng gxghutdla lb j eghrgg
uaegr wndhn twl pjrtdgs jrg gatdt`ge tl rghlvgr suis lb ilagy brli gjhn ltngr. Ungrg hja mg
sjtdsbdge wnga tng jiluat ds gquj` lr db tng jiluat ds uagquj` gxghutdla ijy mg la`y hjrrdge lut
wdtn tng pgrsla gatdt`ge tl tng ndongr h`jdi.

Sjyigat lb ilagy

:  prlvd
Lregr ^^D ]u`g :  prlvdegs
egs tng
tng vjrdl
vjrdlus
us igtn
igtnles
les lb pj
pjyd
ydao
ao tn
tngg ilag
ilagy
y uaegr
uaegr tn
tngg eg
eghr
hrgg
gg..
Jhhlredao tl tnds ru`g;

 Ung ilagy hja mg pjde my egplsdt datl tng Hlurt wnl ds hlipgtgat tl gxghutg tng eghrgg6

 Ung ilagy hja mg sgat tl tng Hlurt my ilagy lregr lr my mjaf egplsdt6

 Ung ilagy hja j`sl mg pjde lutsdeg tng Hlurt tl tng eghrgg-nl`egr my tng igtnle eghdege
 mgblrg da wrdtdao6


Ung Hlurt hja j`sl edrght ltngr igtnles da tng eghrgg.

:8
 

Db tng ilagy njs mgga pjde my plstj` ilagy lregr lr tnrluon j mjaf, tngrg jrg vjrdlus egtjd`s
tnjt njvg tl mg igatdlage `dfg tng auimgr lb tng lrdodaj` sudts, tng egtjd`s lb tng pjrtdgs6 `dfg,
tngdr ajig, nlw
nlw tng ilagy rgidttge
rgidttge ds tl mg jekustge
jekustge jae ajig jae jeergss lb tng pjygr. Lregr 
^^DD ]u
^^ ]u`g
`g = prlvde
prlvdegs
gs vjrdlu
vjrdluss ru`gs
ru`gs rg`jtd
rg`jtdao
ao tl eghrgg
eghrgg-nl
-nl`eg
`egrr pjyiga
pjyigatt lut lb Hlurt.
Hlurt. Ung
Ku
Kueo
eoig
igat
at-eg
-egmt
mtlr
lr nj
njss tl dabl
dablri
ri tng
tng Hlur
Hlurtt jm
jmlut
lut ja
jay
y pjyig
pjyigat
atss tn
tnjt
jt jr
jrgg ijeg
ijeg lu
luts
tsde
degg tn
tngg
Hlurt. ]u`g 83 prlvde
83 prlvdegs
gs tnjt tng eghrgg blr pjyigat lb ilagy hja mg gxghutge my tng egtgat
egtgatdla
dla
lb kueoigat-egmtlr da prdsla lr my jttjhnigat jae sj`g lb nds prlpgrty. ]u`g 8= lb tng Lregr 
^^D prlvdegs
^^D  prlvdegs wjys tl gablrhg tng eghrgg blr spghdbdh pgrblrijahg lb j hlatrjht. Ung eghrgg blr 
spghdbdh pgrblrijahg lb j hlatrjht db wd`bu``y edslmgyge my jay pjrtdgs hja mg gablrhge my tng
egtgatdla lb kueoigat-egmtlr da tng hdvd` prdsla, lr my tng jttjhnigat lb prlpgrty lb tng kueoigat
egmtlr, lr my mltn igtnles. Ung sjig prlhgeurg njs tl mg bl``lwge blr tng hrlss-eghrggs jae
hrlss-h`jdis da tng ilrtojog sudts.

Dakuahtdla

]u`g 8= lb tng Lregr ^^D prlvdegs wjys tl gablrhg tng eghrgg blr ja dakuahtdla. Ung eghrgg hja
 mg gxghutge my tng egtgatdla lb kueoigat nl`egrs da tng hdvd` prdsla lr my jttjhnigat lb prlpgrty,
sligtdigs mltn lb tng prlhgssgs jrg hjrrdge lut tl gablrhg tng eghrgg blr ja dakuahtdla. Unds
 prlhgeurg njs tl mg bl``lwge db tng pgrsla wd``bu``y edslmgys tng eghrgg.

]gstdtutdla lb hlakuoj` rdonts

 ]u`g 8= lb tng Lregr ^^D prlvdegs wjys tl gablrhg tng eghrgg blr rgstdtutdla lb hlakuoj`
rdonts. Ung eghrgg blr rgstdtutdla lb hlakuoj` rdonts db wd`bu``y edslmgyge my jay pjrtdgs
hja mg gablrhge my jttjhnigat lb tng prlpgrty.

 8 8 lb tng
]u`g 88 tn g Lregr
Lreg r ^^D egj`s wdtn tng gxghutdla lb hlakuoj` rdonts jojdast tng nusmjae
jae jhhlredao tl tnds ru`g, tng kueoigat egmtlr njs tl ijfg pgrdledhj` pjyigats tl tng
eghrgg-nl`eg
eghrgg-nl`egrr db tng eghrgg ds alt lmgyge wdtnda j spghdbdge
spghdbdge tdig. Ung Hlurt hja iledby
tng ru`gs rgojredao tng pgrdledh pjyigats brli tdig tl tdig jae da hgrtjda sdtujtdlas, dt
hja j`sl suspgae tng pjyigat. Jay ilagy lregrge tl mg pjde uaegr tnds ru`g ijy mg
rghlvgrge js tnluon dt wgrg pjyjm`g uaegr j eghrgg blr tng pjyigat lb ilagy.

Gxghutdla lb elhuigat

:5
 

^^D  egj`s wdtn tng vjrdlus prlhgeurgs tnjt njvg tl mg bl``lwge blr tng
]u`g 85 lb tng Lregr ^^D egj`s
gxghutdla lb tng elhuigat. Jhhlredao tl tnds ru`g,

 _nga tng kueoigat egmtlr edslmgys tng eghrgg lb gxghutdla lb elhuigats, tng eghrgg-
nl`egr njs tl prgpjrg j erjbt lb tng elhuigat jae njs tl prgsgat dt mgblrg tng Hlurt6

 Ung Hlurt wd`` prgsgat tng erjbt tl kueoigat egmtlr blr ndi tl rjdsg jay lmkghts db jay
 prgsgat jae j`sl Hlurt wd`` bdx j pjrtdhu`jr tdig wdtnda wndhn tng kueoigat egmtlr hja
ijfg nds lmkghtdla6

 Ung Hlurt snj`` ijfg lregrs tl jpprlvg lr j`tgr tng erjbt jbtgr rghgdvdao lmkghtdlas brli
tng kueoigat nl`egr6

 Ungg eg
Un eghr
hrgg
gg-nl
-nl`e
`egr
gr sn
snj`
j``` eg
eg`d
`dvgr
vgr j hlpy
hlpy lb tn
tngg er
erjb
jbtt tl tn
tngg Hlur
Hlurtt jb
jbtg
tgrr ijfd
ijfdao
ao jay
j`tgrjtdlas js tng Hlurt ijy njvg edrghtge upla tng prlpgr stjip-pjpgr db j stjip ds
rgqudrge my tng `jw blr tng tdig mgdao da blrhg6

 Ung Kueog lr suhn lbbdhgr js ijy mg jppldatge da tnds mgnj`b snj`` gxghutg tng elhuigat
sl eg`dvgrge6

 Ungg Hlur
Un Hlurtt lr lbbd
lbbdhg
hgrr jutnl
jutnlrd
rdzg
zge
e my tng
tng Hlur
Hlurtt nj
njss tl rg
rgod
odst
stgr
gr tn
tngg elhu
elhuig
igat
at db tn
tngg
rgodstrjtdla lb tng elhuigat ds rgqudrge my tng `jw. Db tng rgodstrjtdla ds alt rgqudrge mut
std`` tng eghrgg-nl`egr wdsngs tl rgodstgr tng elhuigat tng Hlurt njs tl ijfg aghgssjry
lregrs6

 Ung Hlurt ijy ijfg lregrs rgojredao tng gxpgasgs lb tng rgodstrjtdla.

Gaelrsgigat lb tng agoltdjm`g dastruigat

7: egj`s
]u`g 7:  egj`s wdtn tng gaelrsgigat lb j agoltdjm`g dastruigat. Jhhlredao tl tnds ru`g, tng
jttjhnigat lb tng agoltdjm`g dastruigat hja mg hlip`gtge my tng jhtuj` sgdzurg lb tng dastruigat
db dt ds alt egplsdtge da j Hlurt jae dt ds alt da tng hustley lb j pum`dh lbbdhgr. Ung agoltdjm`g
dastruigat snlu`e mg mrluont datl Hlurt jae ds fgpt da tng hustley lb Hlurt uatd` burtngr lregrs
lb tng Hlurt.

Jttjhnigat lb rgat, igsag prlbdts, gth.

:7
 

Jhhlredao tl ]u`g 5=,

5=, wngrg j eghrgg edrghts blr ja daqudry rgojredao tng rgat lr igsag prlbdts lr 
jay ltngr ijttgr, tnga tng prlpgrty lb tng kueoigat-egmtlr ijy mg jttjhnge blr tng jiluat eug
sdid`jr tl tng hjsg lb ja lredajry eghrgg blr tng pjyigat lb ilagy.

@djmd`dty lb surgty

Xghtdla :57
:57 lb
 lb tng Hleg lb Hdvd` Srlhgeurg prlvdegs ru`gs rgojredao tng gablrhgigat lb `djmd`dty
lb surgty. Jhhlredao tl tnds Xghtdla, jay pgrsla wnl njs prlvdege sghurdty lr njs odvga j
oujrjatgg blr tng pgrblrijahg lb tng eghrgg lr jay pjrt lb tng eghrgg, blr tng rgstdtutdla lb jay
 prlpgrty tnjt ds tjfga da gxghutdla lb tng eghrgg jae
ja e blr pjyigat lb jay ilagy da tng eghrgg ds
hlasdegrge js tng surgty. Ung surgty ds `djm`g da tng sjig ijaagr js ng ds p
pgrslaj``y
grslaj``y `djm`g jae nds
 prlpgrty tnjt ds jttjhnge hja j`sl mg
m g sl`e blr rghlvgrdao tng `lss lb eghrgg-nl`egr. Ung surgty ds
j`sl hlasdegrge js j pjrty tl tng sudt jhhlredao tl Xghtdla 5? lb tng Hleg lb Hdvd` Srlhgeurg.

Eghrgg jojdast hlrplrjtdla

Jhhlredao tl ]u`g ?2,

?2, wngrg tng prlpgrty tl mg sl`e ds j agoltdjm`g dastruigat lr j snjrg da j
hlrplrjtdla, tng Hlurt dastgje lb prlvdedao edrghtdlas blr tng sj`g tl mg ijeg da pum`dh juhtdla
hja jutnlrdzg j mrlfgr tl sg`` suhn ja dastruigat lr snjrg. ]u`g 8=(=) lb tng Lregr ^^D prlvdegs
tnjt tng eghrgg lb dakuahtdla lr spghdbdh pgrblrijahg pjssge jojdast tng hlrplrjtdla, tnga tng
eghrgg ijy mg gablrhge my tng jttjhnigat lb tng prlpgrty lb tng hlrplrjtdla lr my tng egtgatdla
lb tng edrghtlrs lr diplrtjat lbbdhgrs lb tng hlrplrjtdla da tng hdvd` prdsla.

Eghrgg jojdast bdri

]u`g 73 prlvdegs
73 prlvdegs vjrdlus prlvdsdlas rg`jtdao tl tng gxghutdla lb j eghrgg jojdast tng bdri.
Jhhlredao tl tnds ru`g, wnga tng eghrgg ds orjatge jojdast j bdri tng gxghutdla ijy mg orjatge
jojdast,

 Jay prlpgrty lb tng pjrtagrsndp6

 Jojdast jay pgrsla wnl ds jekueoge tl mg tng pjrtagr lb tng bdri6

 Jay pgrsla wnl ds hlasdegrge js j pjrtagr jae ds daedvdeuj``y sgrvge wdtn tng suiilas
jae njs bjd`ge tl jppgjr.

:2
 

Jttjhnigat lb eghrgg

]u`g 78 lb Lregr ^^D egj`s

^^D  egj`s wdtn tng jttjhnigat lb j eghrgg. Jhhlredao tl tnds ru`g wnga tng
 prlpgrty tl mg jttjhnge ds j eghrgg, tnga tng jttjhnigat hja mg ijeg my tng lregr lb Hlurt wndhn
 pjssge tng eghrgg. Ungrg jrg hgrtjda sdtujtdlas wnga tng eghrgg ds pjssge my ltngr Hlurt jae tng

lregr ds sgat tl jaltngr Hlurt blr gablrhgigat tnga tng hlurt wndhn pjssgs tng eghrgg njs tl
 prlvdeg j altdhg tl tng `jttgr Hlurt. Ung Hlurt jbtgr tng jpp`dhjtdla lb tng eghrgg-nl`egr sluont tl
 mg gxghutge my tng jttjhnigat lb jaltngr eghrgg, tng Hlurt ijfdao ja lregr lb jttjhnigat uaegr 
tnds ru`g snj`` odvg altdhg tl tng kueoigat-egmtlr wnl ds mluae my tng eghrgg tnjt ds jttjhnge.

Sjyigat lb dhlas lr hurrgahy altgs

^^D lb
]u`g 72 lb Lregr ^^D  lb tng Hleg lb Hdvd` Srlhgeurg egj`s wdtn tng prlvdsdlas wngrg tng
 prlpgrty jttjhnge ds hurrgat hlda lr hurrgahy altgs, tng Hlurt
Hlu rt jt jay tdig eurdao tng hlatdaujahg
lb tng jttjhnigat, hja edrght tnjt suhn hlda lr altgs, lr j pjrt tngrglb db dt ds subbdhdgat tl sjtdsby
tng eghrgg, tl mg pjde lvgr tl tng pjrty gatdt`ge uaegr tng eghrgg.

HLAH@WXDLA

Ungrg jrg vjrdlus igtnles

igtnles lb gxghutdla
gxghutdla lb j eghrgg uaegr tng Hleg lb Hdvd` Srlhgeurg.
Srlhgeurg. Dt ds tng
euty lb tng Hlurt tl jssgss tng bjhts lb gjhn jae gvgry hjsg jae prlvdeg jpprlprdjtg rg`dgb tl tng
eghrgg-nl`egr wdtnlut jay eg`jy. Ung Hlurt njs tl bl``lw tng prlhgeurgs wndhn jrg prlvdege
uaegr tng Lregrs lb tng Hleg lb Hdvd` Srlhgeurg mgblrg gxghutdao j eghrgg jae hnllsdao tng
jpprlprdjtg ileg lb gxghutdla.

:?